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History of Computer

This document provides a brief history of computers from ancient times to the modern era. Some key developments include the invention of the abacus around 2700 BC, the first analog computer called the Antikythera mechanism around 200 BC, Gottfried Leibniz developing the binary number system in 1703, Charles Babbage designing the Analytical Engine in 1837 which was a precursor to modern computers, and the creation of the first general-purpose digital computer called ENIAC in 1945. The document traces the evolution of computing technology over thousands of years.

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Allyson Tubo
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32 views2 pages

History of Computer

This document provides a brief history of computers from ancient times to the modern era. Some key developments include the invention of the abacus around 2700 BC, the first analog computer called the Antikythera mechanism around 200 BC, Gottfried Leibniz developing the binary number system in 1703, Charles Babbage designing the Analytical Engine in 1837 which was a precursor to modern computers, and the creation of the first general-purpose digital computer called ENIAC in 1945. The document traces the evolution of computing technology over thousands of years.

Uploaded by

Allyson Tubo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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History of Computer

THE FIRST DIGITAL COMPUTER


The first digital computer, the Abacus is
2700 invented and used around the area of
B.C: Mesopotamia. later iterations of the abacus
appear in Egypt, Greece, and China, where
they’re continually used for hundreds of years.

THE FIRST ANALOG COMPUTER


The first analog computer, the Antikythera
200 mechanism, is created. The Antikythera
B.C: mechanism was found off the coast of the Greek
island of Kythira from which the computer
received its name. This find actually baffled most
scientists because a computer this advanced
wasn’t supposed to exist this long ago.

BINARY NUMBER SYSTEM


Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz developed the binary
1703: number system which is at the heart of modern
computing. The binary number system is a way to
convert a series of 0’s and 1’s into other numbers,
letters, and characters.

FIRST PROGRAMMABLE LOOM


Joseph Jacquard creates a punch-card
1801: programmable loom which greatly simplified
the weaving process. This allowed those with
fewer skills to weave more complicated
patterns. However, many didn’t like the idea
of simplifying and automating the process as
it would displace weaving jobs at the time.

FIRST STEAM-DRIVEN COMPUTER


Charles Babbage designed the groundbreaking
1837: Analytical Engine. The analytical engine was the
first major step toward modern computers.
Although it was never actually built, its design
embodied the major characteristics of modern
computers.

FIRST COMPUTER ALGORITHM


Ada Lovelace, the daughter of Lord Byron, worked
1843: alongside Charles Babbage to design the analytical
engine. However, shortly afterward, she developed
the first-ever computer algorithm. She carefully
considered what computers were capable of when
developing her algorithm.

FIRST U.S. CENSUS CALCULATOR


Herman Hollerith created a tabulating machine
1890: to help calculate the U.S. census. The previous
decade’s census took eight years to calculate
but with the help of Hollerith’s tabulating
machine, it took only six years.
THE TURING MACHINE
. Alan Turing invented the Turing Machine and
1936: pushed the limits of what a computer could do
at the time. A Turing Machine consists of a tape
divided by squares that can contain a single
digit, often binary digits, or nothing at all.

THE COMPLEX NUMBER CALCULATOR


George Stibitz created the Complex Number
1940: Calculator for Bell Labs. It consisted of relays that
could recognize the difference between ‘0’ and ‘1’
and therefore, could use binary as the base
number system.

FIRST AUTOMATIC COMPUTER


Konrad Zuse, a German Computer Scientist,
1941: invented the Z3 computer. Zuse’s Z3 was the first
programmable fully automatic computer in
history. It was much larger than the Complex
number calculator and contained more than
2,500 relays.

FIRST ELECTRIC DIGITAL COMPUTER

Professor John Vincent Atanasoff invented


the Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC). The
1942: ABC was the first automatic electric digital
computer in history. It contained over 300
vacuum tubes and solved linear equations
but it was not programmable or Turing
complete.

FIRST GENERAL-PURPOSE DIGITAL


COMPUTER
ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and
1945: Computer) is completed by professors John Mauchly
and J. Presper Eckert. ENIAC was absolutely massive,
consisting of more than 17,000 vacuum tubes, 70,000
resistors, and 10,000 capacitors, filling a 30′ x 50′
room and weighing around 60,000 pounds.

FIRST COMPUTER TRANSITOR


Professors John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert built
UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer), the first
1951: general-purpose commercial computer in history.
The early UNIVAC models utilized 5,000 vacuum
tubes but later models in the series adopted
transistors

FIRST COMPUTER PROGRAMMING


LANGUAGE
A team at IBM led by John Backus created the first
1954: commercially available general-purpose computer
programming language, FORTRAN. FORTRAN stands for
Formula Translation and is still used today. When the language
first appeared, however, there were bugs and inefficiencies
which led people to speculate on the commercial usability of
FORTRAN

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