This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles

for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Designation: D5147/D5147M − 18

Standard Test Methods for

Sampling and Testing Modified Bituminous Sheet Material1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5147/D5147M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope ization established in the Decision on Principles for the

1.1 These test methods cover procedures for sampling and Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
testing prefabricated, reinforced, polymer-modified bituminous mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
sheet materials designed for single- or multiple-ply application Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
in roofing and waterproofing membranes. These products may
2. Referenced Documents
use various surfacing materials on one side.
2.1 ASTM Standards:2
1.2 These test methods cover a number of different prod-
D95 Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and
ucts. Not all tests are required for every product. Only those
Bituminous Materials by Distillation
called out in the Product Standard are required.
D146/D146M Test Methods for Sampling and Testing
1.3 These test methods appear in the following order: Bitumen-Saturated Felts and Woven Fabrics for Roofing
Section and Waterproofing
D1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of
Sampling 4
Conditioning 5 Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated
Thickness 6 Temperature
Load Strain Properties 7 D4073 Test Method for Tensile-Tear Strength of Bituminous
Tear Strength 8
Moisture Content 9 Roofing Membranes
Water Absorption 10 D4798/D4798M Practice for Accelerated Weathering Test
Dimensional Stability 11 Conditions and Procedures for Bituminous Materials
Low-Temperature Flexibility 12
Heat Conditioning 13 (Xenon-Arc Method)
Accelerated Weathering 14 D4977/D4977M Test Method for Granule Adhesion to Min-
Granule Embedment 15 eral Surfaced Roofing by Abrasion
Compound Stability 16
Coating Thickness 17 D5636/D5636M Test Method for Low Temperature Unroll-
Low Temperature Unrolling 18 ing of Felt or Sheet Roofing and Waterproofing Materials
Precision and Bias 19 D5869/D5869M Practice for Dark Oven Heat Exposure of
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units Roofing and Waterproofing Materials
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in D6162/D6162M Specification for Styrene Butadiene Sty-
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each rene (SBS) Modified Bituminous Sheet Materials Using a
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining Combination of Polyester and Glass Fiber Reinforcements
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance D6163/D6163M Specification for Styrene Butadiene Sty-
with the standard. rene (SBS) Modified Bituminous Sheet Materials Using
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the Glass Fiber Reinforcements
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the D6164/D6164M Specification for Styrene Butadiene Sty-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- rene (SBS) Modified Bituminous Sheet Materials Using
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- Polyester Reinforcements
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. D6222/D6222M Specification for Atactic Polypropylene
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor- (APP) Modified Bituminous Sheet Materials Using Poly-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- ester Reinforcements
D6223/D6223M Specification for Atactic Polypropylene
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on
Roofing and Waterproofing and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
D08.04 on Felts, Fabrics and Bituminous Sheet Materials. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved July 1, 2018. Published August 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D5147/D5147M – 14. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D5147_D5147M-18. the ASTM website.

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

1
 D5147/D5147M − 18
(APP) Modified Bituminous Sheet Materials Using a contact the side of the sheet that is intended to be exposed
Combination of Polyester and Glass Fiber Reinforcements when applied in accordance with the manufacturer’s instruc-
D6298/D6298M Specification for Fiberglass Reinforced tions.
Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) Modified Bituminous
Sheets with a Factory Applied Metal Surface NOTE 1—When measuring products with particulate surfaces, wiping
particles from the presser foot between measurements is recommended to
D6509/D6509M Specification for Atactic Polypropylene prevent buildup of particles that may result in inaccurate measurements.
(APP) Modified Bituminous Base Sheet Materials Using
Glass Fiber Reinforcements 6.2.1 Take five measurements of the sheet thickness along a
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in line parallel to cross-machine direction. Two of the five
ASTM Test Methods measurements shall be taken 150 6 15 mm [6 6 0.5 in.] from
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to each edge of the specimen. The remaining three measurements
Determine the Precision of a Test Method shall be taken at three points approximately equally spaced
(615 mm [0.5 in.]) between these two points. Refer to Fig. 1
3. Significance and Use for an illustration of the sheet thickness measurement loca-
3.1 These test methods are used for sampling and testing tions.
modified bitumen sheet materials. Property requirements, de- 6.2.2 Take five measurements of the selvage thickness along
termined by these test methods, are found in the following a line parallel to machine direction. The measurements are to
product standards: Specifications D6162/D6162M, D6163/ be taken midway between the surfacing edge and the sheet
D6163M, D6164/D6164M, D6222/D6222M, D6223/D6223M, edge or, in the case of smooth products, midway between the
D6298/D6298M, and D6509/D6509M. laying line and the sheet edge, and spaced 150 6 15 mm [6 6
0.5 in.] apart. Refer to Fig. 1 for an illustration of the selvage
4. Sampling thickness measurement locations.
4.1 From each shipment or fraction thereof, select at random 6.3 For each specimen, report the individual point
a number of rolls equal to one half the cube root of the total measurements, mean, and standard deviation for both the sheet
number of rolls in the lot. If the calculated number is fractional, thickness and selvage thickness measurements.
express it as the next highest whole number. For convenience,
a table showing the number of rolls to be selected from the lots 6.4 Calculate the mean of the specimen sheet thickness
of various sizes is given in Test Method D146/D146M. When means and report this value as sample sheet thickness. Calcu-
mutually agreed upon by the concerned parties, other sampling late the mean of the specimen selvage thickness means and
frequencies may be used and reported within the framework of report this value as sample selvage thickness. Unless otherwise
these procedures. The minimum sample shall consist of five required by the standard product specification that references
rolls. The rolls so selected constitute the representative sample these test methods, sample sheet thickness and sample selvage
used for all subsequent observations and tests pertaining to the thickness are the values used for comparison with the product
lot of material being examined. specification requirements.
6.5 Precision and Bias:
5. Conditioning
6.5.1 Interlaboratory Test Program—Interlaboratory studies
5.1 Unless otherwise specified, condition test specimens for were run in which randomly drawn test specimens of three
a minimum of 4 h at 23 6 2°C [73.4 6 4°F] and 50 6 5 % materials (sand-surfaced SBS-modified base sheet, fiberglass-
relative humidity before testing. reinforced SBS-modified cap sheet, and polyester-reinforced
APP-modified cap sheet) were tested for sample sheet thick-
6. Thickness
ness and sample selvage thickness in each of eleven laborato-
6.1 The thickness measuring device shall be a micrometer ries. Each laboratory tested two sets of five specimens of each
of the dial or digital-electronic type capable of measuring material. Practice E691 was followed for the experimental
dimensions to an accuracy of 0.1 mm [0.004 in.]. The microm- design and analysis of the data. Details of the experiment are
eter shall be equipped with a flat, circular presser foot with a available in ASTM Research Reports RR:D08-1010 and
diameter greater or equal to 9.5 mm [0.375 in.] and less than 32 RR:D08-1011.3,4
mm [1.25 in.]. During operation, contact between the presser 6.5.2 Test Result—The precision information given below
foot and the specimen shall be maintained either by a spring for sheet thickness and selvage thickness in the units of
inside the micrometer or by the weight of the presser foot and measurement (millimetres) is for the comparison of two test
attached parts. results, each of which is the average of five test determinations.
6.2 One specimen shall be obtained from each of the rolls 6.5.3 Precision:
selected in accordance with the Sampling section of these test
methods. Each specimen shall be at least 700 mm [271⁄2 in.] in
length by the manufactured width of the roll. Five measure- 3
Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may
ments of sheet thickness and five measurements of selvage
be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D08-1010.
thickness shall be taken on each specimen. All measurements 4
Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may
shall be taken in a manner that requires the presser foot to be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D08-1011.

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 D5147/D5147M − 18

FIG. 1 Location of Thickness Measurements

Selvage Sheet Thickness wide by a minimum of 150 mm [6.0 in.] long for sheet
Thickness materials having an ultimate elongation of 75 % or less at
Test range 1.952 to 2.706 1.959 to 3.824
−18°C [0°F]. Specimens shall be 12.5 mm [0.5 in.] wide by a
mm mm minimum of 100 mm [4.0 in.] long for materials having an
ultimate elongation of greater than 75 % at −18°C [0°F].
r, 95 % repeatability limit 0.088 mm 0.048 mm
(within a laboratory) (0.040 to 0.157 (0.039 to 0.054 7.1.2 Procedure:
mm) mm) 7.1.2.1 Condition each specimen at least 2 h at the selected
R, 95 % reproducibility limit 0.281 mm 0.252 mm test temperature. If conditioning is done outside the machine
(between laboratories) (0.148 to 0.366 (0.239 to 0.277 clamps, allow the specimen to equilibrate at the testing
mm) mm) temperature for at least 15 min before the testing force is
The above terms (repeatability limit and reproducibility limit) applied.
are used as specified in Practice E177. The respective standard 7.1.2.2 Test specimens at both 23 6 2°C [73.4 6 4°F] and
deviations among test results may be obtained by dividing the −18 6 2°C [0 6 4°F].
above limit values by 2.8. 7.1.2.3 Use a constant rate of elongation (CRE) tension
6.5.4 Bias—Since there is no accepted reference material testing machine, preferably with automatic load and strain
suitable for determining the bias for the procedure in this test recording equipment, and clamps that permit a uniform clamp-
method for measuring sheet thickness and selvage thickness, ing pressure on the specimen without slipping. The initial
no statement on bias is being made. clamp separation shall be 75 6 2 mm [3.0 6 0.1 in.] for sheet
materials having an ultimate elongation of 75 % or less at
7. Load Strain Properties −18°C [0°F], and 50 6 2 mm [2.0 6 0.1 in.] for sheet materials
7.1 This test method covers the determination of the load having an ultimate elongation greater than 75 % at −18°C
strain (tensile elongation and strain energy) properties of [0°F].
polymer-modified bituminous sheets. 7.1.2.4 Maintain a rate of separation of 50 mm/min 63 %
7.1.1 Specimens—Prepare five specimens from each sample [2.0 in./min 63 %] for specimens tested at 23 6 2°C [73.4 6
roll in both the longitudinal and transverse directions for each 4°F] and a rate of separation of 2.0 mm/min 63 % [0.08
temperature to be tested. Specimens shall be 25 mm [1.0 in.] in./min 63 %] for specimens tested at −18 6 2°C [0 6 4°F].