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Agriculture

Tubewells involve boring a steel pipe into an underground aquifer to access groundwater for irrigation. They have advantages like reliable access to groundwater and ability to irrigate large areas, but overuse can deplete groundwater reserves. Sprinklers are devices that distribute water through a network of pipes and sprinkler heads in a way similar to rainfall. They can save water but have high initial and operating costs. Tankers collect water from ponds and lakes to provide households and fields with water in emergencies, but this method is generally expensive for irrigation due to the costs of transporting water.

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85 views3 pages

Agriculture

Tubewells involve boring a steel pipe into an underground aquifer to access groundwater for irrigation. They have advantages like reliable access to groundwater and ability to irrigate large areas, but overuse can deplete groundwater reserves. Sprinklers are devices that distribute water through a network of pipes and sprinkler heads in a way similar to rainfall. They can save water but have high initial and operating costs. Tankers collect water from ponds and lakes to provide households and fields with water in emergencies, but this method is generally expensive for irrigation due to the costs of transporting water.

Uploaded by

Bushra Amir X-G-A
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TUBEWELLS

What are Tubewells?


A tubewell is a type of water well in which a
long, 100–200 millimeters (3.9–7.9 in)-wide,
stainless steel tube or pipe is bored into an
underground aquifer. The lower end is fitted
with a strainer, and a pump lifts water for
irrigation. The required depth of the well
depends on the depth of the water table.

Advantages
1. Groundwater is easily available.
2. Able to irrigate a much larger area- It can raise water from the depth of 92 meters (300 feet) or
more to irrigate farms of more than 1000 hectares.
3. More reliable during periods of drought when surface water dries up.
4. Suitable for small holdings.
5. They also help to lower the water-table, thereby protecting the land from waterlogging and
salinity.

Disadvantages
​1. It leads to the depletion of groundwater reserves.
2. If the tubewell is used indiscriminately, the groundwater reserve may get exhausted.

3. Once the groundwater reserve is exhausted, the area may no longer be suitable for agriculture
as it becomes difficult to irrigate it.

4. Erratic supply of power reduces it's output.


SPRINKLERS

What are Sprinklers?


An irrigation sprinkler (also known as a water
sprinkler or simply a sprinkler) is a device used to
irrigate agricultural crops, lawns, landscapes, golf
courses, and other areas. They are also used for
cooling and for the control of airborne dust. Sprinkler
irrigation is the method of applying water in a
controlled manner in a way similar to rainfall. The
water is distributed through a network that may
consist of pumps, valves, pipes, and sprinklers.

Advantages
1. Sprinkler irrigation helps to save water.

2. Suitable to all types of soil apart from heavy clay.

3. With this technique of irrigation, there is control of water application convenient for giving light
and frequent irrigation and higher water application efficiency.

4. Labor cost is reduced.

5. Areas located at a higher elevation than the source can be irrigated.

6. Sprinkler irrigation helps to eliminate soil erosion.

Disadvantages
1. In sprinkler irrigation, the initial cost of implementation is high.

2. Loss of water due to evaporation,

3. Efficiency is poor in high wind conditions.

4. Sprinkler irrigation requires high and constant energy for operation.

5. Highly saline water causes leaf burning when the temperature is higher than 95 F.
TANKERS
What are Tankers?
Tankers collect water from the Ponds and lakes and provided to the households and Fields in case
of emergency

Disadvantages
1. This method is very expensive and is rarely used for irrigation

2. Tanks occupy large space because many natural tanks are very extensive.

3. Taking water from tanks for irrigation is very costly.

4. Rain water flowing towards tanks carries sediments also which reduces the depth of tanks. It
requires desilting from time to time, which is very costly.

Advantages
1. It maintains level of groundwater

2. Where construction of wells is very costly due to Hard Rock surface irrigation by tank is
cheaper

3. Expenditure is much less compared to canals

4. Use of additional water from rainfall is possible through tanks

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