MASSter: A STAT 101 Tutorial

April 19, 2023

SAMPLE MIDTERM EXAM

1. Which of the following illustrate(s) the use of the word statistics in a singular sense?
I. Statistics from a study showed that people are having fewer children nowadays.
II. Using methods in Statistics, the average household size was determined.
mean, median, mode (singular sense)
A. I only C. Both I and II
B. II only D. Neither I nor II
I- plural senses, numerical data
II- used as a field of study or discipline, and it is treated as a singular noun.
singular form (collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation)
2. A random sample of 30 two-month old babies was placed in a chamber one at a time where they
can see two images: one is a bull’s-eye and the other is a human face. The number of times the
baby looks at each image was recorded. Which of the following illustrate(s) descriptive
statistics?
I. It was found that most of the sampled babies looked at the human face twice as much
as the bull’s-eye image.describes the central tendency of the data (looking at the human face) and the relationship
between the two images. It is an example of descriptive statistics.
II. Results of the analysis showed that human babies have some powers of pattern and
form selection. interpretative and involves conclusion

A. I only C. Both I and II

B. II only D. Neither I nor

For numbers 3 to 6:

A nutritionist wants to study the eating habits of the residents in her community. She
purposively selected 30 households in the community and interviewed the heads. The following
are some of the characteristics of the households that were asked:
H – household size quanti, discrete because countable
S – usual monthly amount spent on food (in pesos) quanti, continuous bec it represents a measurable quantity
F – whether or not they prefer cooking at home over ordering food delivery (0 – No and 1 – Yes) quali,
categorial
O – frequency of dining outside per month (0 – never, 1 – occasionally, 2 – frequent)
ordinal scale, has order

3. The population of the study is the set of all ___.

A. selected household heads C. selected household
B. residents in the community D. households in the community
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4. Variables S and F are ___.
A. qualitative and quantitative, respectively
B. quantitative and qualitative, respectively
C. both qualitative
D. both quantitative

5. Variable H is a quantitative ___ type.

A. alphanumeric C. continuous
B. binary D. discrete

6. Variable O is measured in the ___ scale.

A. nominal C. interval
B. ordinal D. ratio

7. A survey was conducted among Filipino youth aged 15 to 24 years. Which of the following
illustrate(s) inferential statistics? descriptive, provides info about the
I. About 3 in every 10 respondents said they never exercised physically. survey
II. About 3 in every 10 Filipino youth aged 15 to 24 years are not physically fit.
inferential, goes beyond describing the sample and makes a generalization
A. I only C. Both I and II
B. II only D. Neither I nor II

8. The head of the engineering department wanted to compare the average number of units taught
per semester between male and female faculty members. Considering that there are only a few
female faculty members in her department, she decided to interview all of them while randomly
selecting male faculty members. The computed values for female and male faculty members are
_____.
parameter - entire population (entire female)
A. both parameters statistics- sample
B. both statistics (selected male)
C. parameter and statistic, respectively
D. statistic and parameter, respectively

For numbers 9 and 10:

A team of researchers was hired to conduct an evaluation study of a project launched to improve
access to irrigation services for rice farmers. The team decided to include as part of their study
the two most successful irrigation systems (CIS) and the two least successful CIS from the list of
CIS beneficiaries of the project. A sample of 15 farmers was randomly selected from the list of
probability sampling
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 farmers living within these identified CIS to be interviewed for the survey on farming
households.

9. Which of the following is(are) TRUE?

I. The procedure adopted in the identification of sample CISs illustrates non-probability
sampling. don't have equal chance of being selected
II. The selection of the farmers from each CIS illustrates probability sampling. randomly selected from the
population

A. I only C. Both I and II

B. II only D. Neither I nor I

10. With the usual number of farmers in the CIS set at 60, the selection of the farmers from each CIS
was done by getting a random start in the list and then choosing every 4th farmer in the list. This
procedure illustrates ___ sampling.
A. Simple random C. Systematic
B. Stratified D. Cluster

11. The proportion of College of Arts (CA) faculty members who plan to leave their college, P, is
believed to be increasing. From the previous year, 25% of the CA faculty members plan to leave
their college. To verify the belief, Archie, a concerned CA faculty member, randomly selected CA
faculty members and asked if they plan to stay or leave the college. Results found that 30% of
the respondents had a plan of leaving their college. Type I error will be committed if P is ___
when in fact P is ___.
TYPE 1- Sufficient evidence na di tama yung Ho when in
A. equal to 0.25; greater than 0.25 fact tama yung Ho
B. equal to 0.30; greater than 0.30 TYPE 2- Insufficient eveidence for Ha, kahit tama yung Ha
C. greater than 0.25; equal to 0.25 The question is asking about Type I error, which means rejecting the null
D. greater than 0.30; equal to 0.30 hypothesis when it is true. In other words, it's saying that P (the
proportion) is believed to be increasing (H1), but in fact, P is not
increasing (H0 is true).

12. Which of the following experiment(s) illustrate(s) a binomial experiment?

I. Asking 5 senior high school students whether they agree or disagree on the proposed
mandatory ROTC
II. Determining the affiliation (UPLB, UPD, BSU, etc.) of 10 randomly selected attendees of
the 1st National Student-Faculty Research Conference in the Arts and Sciences

A. I only C. Both I and II

B. II only D. Neither I nor II

I. binomial experiment, each student's response is independent, there are two possible outcomes (agree or disagree), and assuming
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students have fixed opinions, the probability of success (agreeing) remains constant
ii. The number of possible outcomes is greater than two, as there are multiple affiliations (UPLB, UPD, BSU, etc.).
 For numbers 13 and 14:

Dylan, the supervisor of a consulting firm, is proposing a four-day work week with ten working
hours each day. Based from the past records of the firm, there is a 30% chance that an
employee agrees with the said proposal. Dylan randomly selected 15 new employees and asked
them about their opinion on the four-day work week.

13. What is the probability that only three employees agree with the four-day work week?
A. 0.027 C. 0.830
B. 0.170 D. 0.973

14. In the long run, the average number of employees who will agree with the four-day week out of
15 employees is ___.
A. 0.3 C. 7.5
B. 4.5 D. 30.0

15. A recent survey reported that 7 in every 10 Filipino youths aged 15 to 24 years old have drank
alcohol. A social science major wants to determine if this result also applies to the students in
her university. She randomly selected 10 students and asked them whether they have already
tried drinking alcohol. In the long run, the number of students in her university who have
already tried drinking alcohol deviates from 7 by _____, on the average.
A. 1.45 C. 2.10
B. 0.70 D. 0.21
continuous variable (waiting time) ,not a
multinomial experiment. it is a
16. Which of the following illustrate(s) a multinomial random experiment? continuous random variable.
I. Recording the waiting time (in seconds) until a fly is stuck in a fly trap
II. Determining the preferred brand of insect spray (brand X, Y, or Z) of 100 households
categorical data with more than two categories (brands X, Y, or Z). It is a multinomial experiment because there are
multiple categories, and each household can fall into one of the specified categories.
A. I only C. Both I and II
B. II only D. Neither I nor II

17. It is known that most babies double their weight by five months after birth and triple their
weight when they reach one year. Suppose the weights (in kg) of one-year old babies follow a
normal distribution with mean 9.8kg and standard deviation 0.90kg
I. The probability that a one-year old baby weighs exactly 9.8kg is zero.
II. Fifty percent of one-year old babies weigh more than 9.8kg

A. I only C. Both I and II

B. II only D. Neither I nor II

I. In a continuous probability distribution, such as the normal distribution, the probability that a specific value is exactly equal to any particular
number is zero.
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 18. It was observed that the speed of jump serves of male high school volleyball players in Miyagi
follow the normal distribution with mean 90 km/h and standard deviation 25 km/h. What is the
probability that Oikawa, one of the players, will hit a jump serve that has a speed of at least 100
km/h?

A. 0.0228 C. 0.6554
B. 0.3446 D. 0.9772

19. Which of the following is (are) TRUE?

I. Parametric tests are always more powerful than nonparametric tests. NOT TRUE, power of a test depends
on various factors.
II. Non-parametric tests can be used for variables that are ratio in scale.
true; nonparametric tests can be used for various types of data, including ratio data.
A. I only C. Both I and II
B. II only D. Neither I nor II

20. Which of the following is (are) TRUE regarding the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality?
I. The null hypothesis for the test specifies that the data follow the normal distribution.
II. High values of the p-value imply that the sample data came from a normal population.

A. I only C. Both I and II

B. II only D. Neither I nor II
Statement I is true; the null hypothesis for the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality specifies that the data follow the normal distribution.
Statement II is not accurate; high p-values suggest consistency with the null hypothesis (normality assumption), but they don't imply certainty
about the population distribution.
21. A researcher conducted a study to determine the effect of sleep deprivation on college students.
She randomly selected 25 participants and asked them to self-rate their irritability level (from 1
– not irritated to 10 – extremely irritated) and measure their heart rate (in bpm). Which of the
following is(are) TRUE?
I. To determine if the average irritability level is at least 6, a non-parametric test is
appropriate to use.
II. To determine if the average heart rate is over 80 bpm, a parametric test is appropriate to
use if its distribution is normal.

A. I only C. Both I and II

B. II only D. Neither I nor II

Statement I may be true depending on the distribution of irritability level data.

Statement II is generally true, but the appropriateness of a parametric test depends on the distribution of the heart rate data and the
satisfaction of parametric test assumptions. Page | 5
For numbers 22 and 23:

Fifty samples of parts were randomly selected from each of the two brands of lathe machine and
their lengths (in mm) were recorded. The quality control engineer is interested to know whether
the average lengths (in mm) of the parts from the two brands are different.

22. The length of parts produced by which lathe machine satisfies the normality assumption based
on the output below?

A. A only C. Both A and B

B. B only D. Neither A nor B

23. Which of the following is(are) TRUE based on the output below?

A. There is sufficient evidence to say that the variances of the lengths of parts produced
by lathe brand A and lathe brand B are different
B. There is no sufficient evidence to say that the variances of the lengths of parts
produced by lathe brand A and lathe brand B are different
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 C. There is sufficient evidence to say that the mean length of parts produced by lathe
brand A and lathe brand B are different
D. There is no sufficient evidence to say that the mean length of parts produced by lathe
brand A and lathe brand B are different

24. A librarian noticed that most books from Dymu Publishing House (DPH) have misprints. She
obtained the number of typographical errors from a random sample of 10 pages from books
from DPH. The data is given below.

0 0 0 1 1 1 1 3 5 9

A. 1.0 C. 10.0
B. 2.1 D. 21.0

25. Which of the following will lead to the narrowing of the width of a confidence interval in
estimating the population mean? Decreasing the sample size- increase the width of the confidence intervalsmaller
I. decreasing the sample size sample size, less info abt population, larger uncertainty and wider intervals
II. increasing the level of confidence
Increasing the level of confidence- increase the confidence interval , higher gtreater degree of certainty, wider
interval
A. I only C. Both I and II
B. II only D. Neither I nor II

26. The Agriculture Secretary in a certain country wants to determine whether the yield of the
subtype of the chili variety that farmers produce in the southern portion of the country is more
than the average standard yield of 1,800 kg per acre. Twenty locations were randomly selected
and the chili yield (in kg per acre) were recorded. Which of the following is(are) TRUE?
I. Based on the output below, the normality assumption of the chili yield is satisfied.
II. The appropriate test procedure to answer the research objective is t-test.

A. I only C. Both I and II

B. II only D. Neither I nor II

Check the normality assumption using appropriate diagnostic tools.

If the normality assumption is met, and the sample size is reasonable, a t-test could be appropriate.
If normality is not met or the sample size is small, consider non-parametric alternatives.

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27. It is of interest to determine whether the average recovery time (in days) of patients who
underwent a newly approved bone reconstruction procedure is faster than 80 days. Suppose that
based on the Shapiro-Wilk test, there is sufficient evidence that the recovery time is not normally
distributed. The appropriate procedure to answer the research objective is ______.
A. Chi-square goodness-of-fit test
the appropriate procedure is the Wilcoxon signed-rank test IF the violation of
B. Mann-Whitney test the normality assumption.
C. t-test on one population mean
D. Wilcoxon-signed rank test
The Wilcoxon signed-rank test is a non-parametric test used to compare the median of a sample to a hypothetical median (in this
case, 80 days). It doesn't assume normality and is suitable for situations where the distribution may be skewed or when dealing with
ordinal or interval data.
28. A couple plans to have a date in Nobali on their anniversary. However, they will only push
through if the average expense is at most 1000 pesos. They randomly selected 25 couples who
visited Nobali and asked their total expenses in a day. Which of the following is the appropriate
set of hypotheses?
A. Ho: μ ≤ 1000 vs Ha: μ > 1000
B. Ho: μ = 1000 vs Ha: μ < 1000
C. Ho: ≤ 1000 vs Ha: > 1000
D. Ho: = 1000 vs Ha: < 1000

29. The speed of cars in Bae Highway (BH) is known to follow a normal distribution. The
Department of Transportation intends to change the speed limits if the average speed of cars in
BH is less than 70 kph. To test this, they took a random sample of fifty cars that passed BH and
measured their usual speed. The standard deviation is estimated to be 2kph. The appropriate
procedure to test if the average speed of cars in BH is less than 70 kph is ___.
A. Z-test C. Wilcoxon-signed rank test
B. t-test D. Chi-squared Test

30. The company that produces Gayant bikes decided to replace the gears used for its ten-speed
racing bikes. The winning supplier promises that their gear diameter has a variance of at most
0.0001 mm². From a sample of 100 measurements, the estimated standard deviation is 0.06
mm. The alternative hypothesis for testing the supplier’s promise is _____.
A. the mean of the gear diameters is less than 0.06 mm
B. the variance of the gear diameters is less than 0.0036 mm²
C. the mean of the gear diameters is greater than 0.01 mm
D. the variance of the gear diameters is greater than 0.0001 mm²

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 31. A group of BS Nutrition students conducted a survey to know if the majority of senior high
school students in ELBISHS eat breakfast before coming to a morning class. They obtained a
simple random sample of 60 ELBISHS students and asked if they ate breakfast or not.
I. The appropriate null hypothesis: Fifty percent of 60 ELBISHS students eat breakfast
before coming to morning class.
II. Binomial exact test can be used to answer the objective of the study.

A. I only C. Both I and II

B. II only D. Neither I nor II
i. should Ho: p=0.5 II. Involves a binary outcome (ate breakfast or not) for each student, and the sample size is relatively small (60
students). In this case, a binomial test can be used to assess whether the observed proportion significantly differs
from the expected proportion (50%).
For numbers 32 and 33:

Rumor has it that Apol will release its newest flagship phone before the end of the year. DLoop,
one of its distributors, believed that 30% of their store members will upgrade their phones.
From a random sample of 120 of these members, 27 expressed their intent to upgrade to the
newest model. Statistical test on DLoop’s belief gave a p-value equal to 0.0730

32. The proportion of store members who intend to upgrade their phones to the newest model is
estimated to be _____ .
A. 0.073 C. 0.250
B. 0.225 D. 0.300

33. Which of the following is (are) TRUE?

I. Approximate Z-test can be used to test DLoop’s belief.
II. There is sufficient evidence that proportion of store members who intend to upgrade
their phones to the newest model not equal to 0.3

A. I only C. Both I and II

B. II only D. Neither I nor II

I. The z-test is appropriate when both the sample size is sufficiently large and the sampling distribution of the sample proportion is
approximately normal.

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For numbers 34 and 35:

Pinay Biggest Marites is a reality TV show in which several contestants stay in one house to
gossip. Towards the end of the show, three contestants remain. From previous result votes,
viewers predict that Anna will lead the votes, followed by Karen and Nina with 40%, 35%, and
25%, respectively. A mock poll conducted on a random sample of 200 viewers results to Anna
getting 86 votes, Karen 65 votes, and Nina 49 votes.

34. Assuming that the null hypothesis is true, Anna is expected to get _____ votes from the 200
viewers.
200×0.40=80
A. 65 C. 80
B. 70 D. 86

35. The appropriate procedure in testing the predicted percentage of votes is _____.
A. Approximate Z-test on proportion
B. Chi-square goodness-of-fit test
C. F-test using one-way ANOVA
D. t-test on one sample mean

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SAMPLE MIDTERM EXAM ANSWER SHEET

1. B 21. C
2. A 22. C
3. D 23. A
4. B 24. B
5. D 25. D
6. B 26. C
7. B 27. D
8. C 28. A
9. C 29. B
10. C 30. D
11. C 31. B
12. A 32. B
13. B 33. A
14. B 34. C
15. A 35. B
16. B
17. C
18. B
19. B
20. C

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SAMPLE MIDTERM EXAM ANSWER SHEET

1. B 21. C
2. A 22. C
3. D 23. A
4. B 24. B
5. D 25. D
6. B 26. C
7. B 27. D
8. C 28. A
9. C 29. B
10. C 30. D
11. C 31. B
12. A 32. B
13. B 33. A
14. B 34. C
15. A 35. B
16. B
17. C
18. B
19. B
20. C

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