remaining blank pages, +8 ~ 50, will be rated as malpractice. ene. . C8GS Sch USN [ | ] 18C1V14/24 irst/Second Semester B.E. Degree Examination, June/July 2019 Elements of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Time: 3 hrs. Max. Marks: 100 Note: 1, Answer any FIVE full questions, choosing ONE full question from each module. wing data suitably. Modute-1 1a. Briefly explain the roe of civil engineers in the infrastructure development ofthe county. (06 Marks b. Explain briefly the scope of civil engineering in (i) structural engineering (ii) geotechnical engineering (08 Marks) €. A200 N vertical force is applied to the end of the lever which is attached to a shaft as shown in Fig. QU(¢), Determine: (i) Moment of force about ‘O" (ii) Horizontal force applied at “A* which creates same moment about ‘O" (iii) Minimum force which creates the same moment about ‘O” Fig.Q\(c) (06 Marks) OR 2 a. Determine the resultant of the force system acting on a body as shown in the Fig.Q2(a) with respect to point ‘O" ae Fig.Q2(a) (08 Marks) b. State and prove Varignon’s theorem of moments, hens} c. 2 KN force is the resultant of a system of forces acting along positive y-axis as shown in Fig.Q2(c). Determine the value of F and 0. yer ~ ad Fig.Q2(c) (06 Marks) lof3 ‘Scanned with CamScannerJoa 5 18C) * i hh cop What is meant by: ecpilibrium’? State the conditions ae nt forge system, an to impend, Take the jection for all contact static ecpitibriuin for bot oncutrent and non-voneut State and prove Lam's theorem Determine the foree ‘P reqpired to cause th weight of Aas Q) N and weight of B as 50 N. surfiwes as 0.10 as shown int Pig, Q.4(e) and consid motion of the blocks ‘Take coefficient of fr lor the pulley being frictionless. ayy Gi Fig Qc) (10 Marks), OR Briely explain: (i) Angle of friction (ii) Gone of friction, Gateulate the tension in the strings. Also calculate *0" in Fig.Q4). (04 Marks) (10 Marks) (06 Marks) Prove that angle of repose is eQual to angle of friction, Modute-3 ‘What are the different types of beams? How do you differentiate then (06 Marks) List the steps followed in the analysis of truss by method of joints. (06 Marks) Find the length *X' so that the reactions at both the supports are equal for the beam as shown in Fig. Qe). ~ 7 syn aN a = 2oA (08 Marks) OR List the assumptions made in the analysis of trusses. (04 Marks) ‘Wiat are the different types of supports and mark their reaction lines. (06 Marks) 6(c). Analyze the frame and tabulate the member forces forthe frame shown in F (ea Fig Qe) (10 Marks) 20f3 ‘Scanned with CamScanner, 18CIV14/24 a. Derive * Module-4 b. State agit exPression for the centroid of a right angles triangle. (06 Marks) oath Prove perpendicular axis theorem, (04 Marks) ‘rmine the polar radius of zyration for the built up section as shown in Fig.Q7(c) som, a4 enn é ey mm een oy aa0m - Fig.Q(e)— (10.Marks) oR 8 a. Determine the moment of inertia ofa semicircle with respect to its diameter line and hence determine the moment of inertia with respect to its centroidal axis parallel to the diameter line. Also write the expression for moment of inertia with respect to a line perpendicular to the diameter passing through the centroid, (12 Marks) b. Determine the position of the controid for the Fig.Q&b). (08 Marks) Module-5 9 a. Define displacement, distance travelled, velocity and acceleration. Mention their respective S.L units, (04 Marks) b. Acceleration of a particle is given by a =-2 ns’. If v =8 mV/s and x = 0 when t Determine: (i) velocity (ii) total distance travelled when t =6sec. (08 Marks) ©. State D’Alembert’s principle and mention its application in plane motion. (08 Marks) OR 10 a. Derive the euations of motion. (08 Marks) What is superelevation? Why is it necessary? (04 Marks) ¢. An aircraft moving horizontally at a speed of 300 kr/hr at an elevation of 2.5 km targets a point on the ground and releases a bomb. If the bomb has to hit the target, determine the horizontal distance at which the aircraft should release the bomb, Also calculate the velocity. and direction with which the bomb will hit the target (08 Marks) 30f3 ‘Scanned with CamScannerFlements op Civ Engineering and Mechaniis ee Glace) O19 ® We sole oy civ engineer ues ip planning dine tank Metictousty and casarping ow) the designed wok, Ststeraticalty to achieve the most opuma) ond eppraent OLLpal har help tbe comnnao people to lad a sadispactory wy They also AAP ALEPaNS -Ble for the goquiar maintainenct oF tne U9OAS Caxcied oud by dhom . Gvu engineering t much more than woching Ysaapers ox badges The civ engidesss must have a 4herough understanding o, interaction amang the vamous units of condleucon among tne vanous suclusal elements , beluween the elaurcturre and cornpter environment Since Conslaucling a loaqe beiiding ot public woes paoyect can uvolve elaberate plannesq + ovu engineers can be oudstanc.ing payer eee They cometimes thousands 0 uertenss. Ther aso develop advanad compurtests 109 and planning polars . In addihon many cv enqinerss axe also involved = usitih Parweaving 1 Paeventing peotecting and avstoring Ahe enviapnment tn total oO ovil engines has to peaporrn tne role Dy Planner, O Hurlder ; an aachilecr, a Management exper! and also an axbibater - ‘Scanned with CamScannerao Stauclasat Engineering = x Re ee ee oy a stauclure Roquaa We Knovoledae or materials behaviour and selectisn ob APpsropsiate mateauc a Use, Proporhoring | MN, 5 j esticnat on perent components 0 structure, Stresses developed in “dip erent cor MPonent oH 9 slructure and back checkirag the Aesign * Tis ded mdudes Subjects Wee engmieesing muichaniet alsengin OF mateaals ; sleucturad analysis and clesidn 04” stauckures ft abso ee Knowledge © CLiggtsent toots to corsy out We Onalusis” and cesiqn a} stauctusod Component, Such as materx method analyst's, pile abort Necheiquees , pone element method op analysis le v) Sreotechnicay engineering — Thi, Sudje Cr enconppoases *o “detaued study o Rocks — pes, paopertits, Shengib ond depermation charactedictis and ther determination * diprent types op joundiowon vtheie aetodare meats and imitations , suxterbility and cLosiqn aspects * design and analysis CO} vasidus earth dauduacs such as embankments, dams , Aclaining walls UC” * -eite investi ations ; Sub soll ex plerahons * Gsaound umpaovement cLuchniques : ‘Scanned with CamScannerD Moment oy yore about’ 0° Mo= 200x 1.8 Cos. 40° Wi) Lev fF be the horizontal yore ot A WAGSA= FyxI.g sin4o° Fe 939.35 Nino Smallest tora P of A ia poapenducuar to OA. Hence it “maton angle 50° to athe horizontat The Pexpendicelas distance will be 1.8m. AASB4= Pug => \P= 153.16N W Re ke Im —»1 20008 tang = 3 = tow! G14) [Taek 3 ° oy 2 : = G66) __ eo.st04 ~ Ge ZH= 20c0s604400 —_ Soocossb0e fe t 20081060 ~ 500c0s 36.96 "BqpN | Bry AH = 99.94.N sp0sit ORL, A400N 36.26 200N 2V= - 2008IN60 — 500 sin 36-86 +300 SV= aN R-]Gnyr +ev7 = \ 9.94) 24(113.27)> i R= 200N ZMo = -500¢0836 .B6X 3— 500SiN36 6X05 + LOSINGOXI + 2O0COSEOXG — 516.91. Nm ‘Scanned with CamScannera= DMe = -H16.91 = 3.32m “oN r.9F Ye Mo = —516.9l= 541m— SH 99.94. d SMo = —S16.9! = 9.86m R 200 b. Statement =the Algebraic sum oOo, moments dus to au Yorces acling on any object about any point & equal to-+tbe moment op Aheir yesultant About ihe same powwt"! a Consider “woo yerees Fiand * s (r ty making angles 9 & Oo vesply ‘ef / AR wilb %« artis . hey Aber resultant ony, : To & mate angle © ae aus UE \Se e eapenclicitar distances J Oy a a and @ ysorn points Oe? A be di, da and d reaply. Let LOAB-0- x Ule have to prove , Rd= Fiat Fod2 —O Consider Rud= Rx OAcoOsO = OAXRCOSO Rud = oAxR1r —@ Sirnilaaty $8 Fr and Fo we can warte, Axd) = DAYFin and Frd2= 0A Fox Fading, Giditfoda= OASiat OA Sr = OAC fixt Fox) ‘Scanned with CamScannerCidit P2d2= OAR —® @ Compartng equodian no @ and @ we ger, Cidj+ Foda= Rxd Hence Abe -Aheorem Proved . Fine \n Re DEN f \ R acting along y arts, iL gese i ©: N Hr sV=Jotevy= R > @-SV SH=0 : 2.43in40 - > 2.4c0840+ cose —5=0. > Fceoso = 3.16 —O SV=R 2? FEsine - 2.45040 =2. > Fsin@= 354 —@ Dividing eq? ® by eqn O, Esing - 254 =s& tan®= 112 7 LCUr~— ; From eqn @, Frog 48.24= 316 - > 23: % Equilibriuro ig acondition in which a body aemaings comstant or Ik will not undergo any taanslatoryy | aprarery motion even ots application of load. ‘Scanned with CamScannerThe conditions oy state equiitths ium you © Concussent Ferce system — BH=0 , SN=O. ® Non concessent yore systero — 2H=0 SV=0 SM=0. b. Lam's theorem — Th slates nar ta body to equate — bsium uncles the acllon ok Ahace conceriasrent $orco System, each pesce ts pAaopestional to sine of aoe between other 4u00 yeacest x AT She ty ~ ~ (> Consides a body underthe action op Fi FG &. be apt. ber dre angw made by Ine forces i Constauck el tmanqu Bec Shion anar ab= Fi i é sittudLe be-Fo and ac=f, ™ proportion fo want and dtaection sine aute to Aabe - A 4n a | be 2 Gy gin cigo-e) ZinCio-P) —- SiNC18O i fa: fa “Gin sinP aint ove d - Hene tne theorem & P ‘Scanned with CamScannerCG Consider FRD oF block B, =1-0 = T50sin30-Fp=0 =V=0 > N®- 50sina0-0 > |Ne= 25N But fe = peo 2 Ne > fa- 0.3Np= 03X25 ‘(ioe tont| i at fom eqr®, T= Sosingo+f_= SOsin30+ 7S Congider FeD oy block A, ZDH=O0 = T—90sin20 + Pcos30 + Fa =0. 7 32.5— Qosin30— Peos30+ Fa-0 —@ ZN=0 > Nia- S0cos20+Psin30 =0 . > Nae 1194Psins0—@ But fa - azo. na > Fas 0.3Na = 0.3C-41.9 -Psiin30) A= 23.38- 0159p. Sub Fa in equation @), 22.5- 90sin30— Peos30 + (23.38-0.15P) = 6, > -12.5— Peog 304 93.49-0.15P = 0 > -1.01P +10.28=20 > P= lO-HN. ‘Scanned with CamScanner4. a. ‘) Ande a pesee We normal veachon. Nand the piclonal goree F car be Ai Combined to give a a. R | Called the yesurttant reachon ax show je! The angle macte by he yoauulant R nook Wilb he pormal yeachon N ts cattecl as anele Of {archon a tang= Pv N W : p > Cone fsichian ~ 11 the cliaechion Ww f Applied ‘force Pig changed , at ker Keeping I angte with Ihe Sua pace &lN contact same ‘ha oughout sine Rye, Restttant R will tare clifferent posihans Of fateian | "Space, but mating the same anate toith the normal aeachén N. Tn such cage, R ' eS on the SLURAce a) a cone tnatwon ag cone Of friction: Ay “Taesin® n Trecese 7 200 nt 1 ‘Scanned with CamScanneree ee Applying —hamit’s theover to FAD atc. © Tec = ‘Ten = 00 SwCGO1GO) ~—- Sin CGO120) +A’. C1@0. -30-60) > Tee = Sea B00 Tem = B00 = aa sinta2o—-St090" ? TRe= S00xsin150 & Tip = s00xsin 0 SID90° SiN90 - [se=_4oon | > [lep= 692.82N Consider FBO. OF Q. SH=0 = 400c0830— TARCOSO=O - > —“Thecose= 346.41 —O SN=0 > 40081930 1000 + TARBSINO=0 > TARSINO = 1200 —@) Sividing | eq ® by eq O > WRSINO© = j200 > tane = 3.46 Tacos 346.41 O= 13.39 ° From eq? ©, TAw= 2346-41 COs 13.89 “\Tap: 12.49.4N Oo we? Consider FeD Oy ae object kept < ON an inclined Plane at anqu 0 — equal tp ang seth 4 °b a ae ie ‘Scanned with CamScanneres | = oO 2N=0 an * N-Wose =0 => PeN-Wiaino- 0 N= Wicoso pis Weose = WeIn8 > ps =tano Bul is - tands Aan ds = tane > [de=0 | he Ay ferent lypes 4 beams Ox — © Cantilever beam-— +tero oreend is qpeed and Other end fe {per @ Fixed beam- Here ae fixed ie on fixed supporls both the ends Ane bearo @ One end hinged and otrer on antler beam- Th this beam, one ond is on hinged support and other ig on gotler support - ® Both ends seed beam- In thie beam, both ibe Supporls are speed. © cominuous beam- Th this type of beam , the beam & Supported on ‘interme diate SULppat noes © Pispred cuvilerst bean indus beam, ene ond is jpued and other on antler beam. ‘Scanned with CamScannerb Fottowing axe Ine Steps gonowed jor te anal OH Acuss by melbod of gowns © Detesmine the inclination of Gul athe inclined members. ® door 4s a ont whee Inne age only 400 UnKnowns 4, Such a font & not available, deeming the Acactions ad suppert and then the unlcnowns of one oY jhe support may seduce to only too’ ® on the dtagsam on tauss ) mask the asxowD On the Members near the joints analysed +o inclicate the $ECs on the foint At the otinge end, mark the OSR0WS iin the aeverse dixe ctron- ® hoo, for the nerd foint yor analysis where tnese Ae only two unknown 28 © Repeat steps © and © till all the forces in OM the members are deteamined 6 Determine tne natuse o yore in ON mennbers and tabuwtate the yesul Ce SN=0 a5 15 — 8x20-50 [. : +VA+ VBR=0 = NA+Ve= 285 > Va = Ve Caiven) SO gd! = Nb aNe [Vn=_ 142.5 W=VB ‘Scanned with CamScannerZMa=0 i Dk —8X20¥X (10-2) +VBX5 +500 20-X) =O. F 17 = 1600 6d K+ 142.5 5-4 1000 -50%=0 361-1106 a X= 301m A= 321M | gor the assumed bear fiquse- 6. O. He assumptions made io Abe analysis oy truss are — © Whe ends o¢ the members are pid connected Chinged ® We toads act only on the fons ® Sep woeignr Oy the members aso nequqible - ® Members axe ether having uniforne cross gechon Whroughout or YW jhe have vastying CQ0ss sechan Abe ceentkoid & located among the same Jong itudin an ine b Supports Reachon line © Stimple 4 \ @ 1 1 1 @ Rotter @ 4H he @ Hinged a VV @ } ® Pred QA a M v ‘Scanned with CamScanner> IDEN, ® \an0s L5 a a 3 ho © tants ) Bro SH=0 \ Ieenh de 5 n + HAH = 0 ee Np S Wh oN =? NAVB= SMa-0. > 12X15 +18 x2 — Vexa=0. 4 b EN Va 4V B= 18 > Vays 18-13.5= 4.5EN. ® ee qownt B eo sv=0. ae : Fact a6 a “Fee ones 86 > —Fppr Fae 086 85 13.5- Facsings 24 =0 ?|\Fec= 22.5 EN FeO Aig sent => feoz 29.5c0s 36.86 BD= 18 CN SN=0- > 4.5— Facsing6.86=0 36 Faccos 36.66 2 fac= T.6eN Su=0 > -19-1.500836.86-4 Fap= 0 “Epp = IBN ® Consider yoint D. ee 1S ‘Scanned with CamScannera | | Member | Vorcox cry) Nature 4, youce St No Vs _ NM 1.5 Comprescioo 2 Ap | 2 | Tension | a De | | Tension | a Op, | Tension | 2 | Bc 22.5 | Cornpr easion a C e — Centsoid oy 2 Aight ange tangle i Consider a nignt angle ‘eiange A oF base b and height h. Consider an elemental stetp a a distance 4 om base Oh thickness dy and base bi. we have X= Jqe an - Aro dk. bixdy fom similar -latangua ACDE and ACAB, : -y\= b(\- bre by br BCBY)> PCI). an = b(#) dy: a “u) d of 4 PCat) 4 Exbexb b b Pécdey = [Path - BP] ge Ee = Shah bty2 2 bh “oo =. 6 © . xb ‘Scanned with CamScannerb. Perpendicular axis theoren ~ ‘Tt states that © “The moment oy inerha about a point | axis Pexpendicetar ‘through the plane 1% equal to the Momem 0: inertia about two mutually perpendi ~CUular anie Passing through the same potnt Tae Frat Tyy. Prog - Consider a body aa deste 0 Y mee io por Y ans vy ™ jem ons” and *r from af». the anis | Lm Perpendicular to the Ng Plane 4 the bod: s fy ee We have roe a+ 4 But Tkz= Byr2da 2 Cr+?) aA = Sadat spar = Jyyr Tax Sy Tat Tuy Hen proved c A\= 30x12 = 2160 mm MW = IS re Y= 36m Ay= 60X22 = 1320mm? FE 6OMM ye = I mn Naz 20X42 = B40mrm0~ AS= \oommM Yo= 2\ rom. ‘Scanned with CamScannerX- Ant Aan2+ Nana ge Atyit Aa yat Agua Ait Rod Aa Ait Ar+A3 X= Nox + 1320 X604 BAOXIO0 = 2360x264 1320x1} + 260413204 840 BAOX OS Z- 216 0-+1320+640 45.24 mm G> 25.44mm Tore > 2 iia poxnts argox(4s.21-18)*]+ [601227 pa0réo-asod =a > [ zona? + 840x(l00-45 | 2 = 291x108 4 22 80° + 2.63x10° Tas 5.92 x10& Kare J 692x108 = StmMm| 3160113204840 = Tuy [2 303 + 2160% ui, (72x60°+ 1200 ¥05.4-N1) 12 1 + 42x20 + go x5 aay] (2 = 403.48 x103 + 669-71x102+ 44.26 x10% Juy= 1 x108 mm4 Taz= Jant Syys $-92x108+ LaxtoS= T.03x10° mm+ | (it |aosoe hox= (= - DNGO+NZIOrB 4D 33 mM ‘Scanned with CamScanner; Moment of inerho of semicircle worl ciamelst ca au : | Consider an element oh sides rd@ and | At as shown ip the quae’ Ts moment Of thera abo diametercat antls LB = yPda = Wsine)? y de dr b = i8cin2@ de dr Moment op inestia oy ser circle about x-x 8 Tha = ¢° ("3 ame de dr o 6 “Sf Eecso0) do dr - x Je Posey o Tyt= 7e4 Kat 3 123, Moment o lnerlia about cwnokoidad axis_X-xX = Yc= 4R= 2d BK BK | Area A= 1XKd?= 7d? = 2 4 ~e. ~h a Foro Posaltel ans theorem, | Tne= Tart Age Fah = Tna+ Koad 12g @ 3K Tar= Kd4_ at ts ek Ta = 0.006ad4= oe*| ‘Scanned with CamScannerAte “1OXAy © DROE HOM? 4 A coe a |] Qe 96 ww ue g to A= Ax “lowao = tos”? no \ WO | WF Var t= AG.GT mrs a i Yoo VAX a0b40e 50 mr : aoe ny Agen 1X AAD? 2 1956.69, row? A= AXAQAA = 1o.°F MM YB AXA} A= LGar{ nom. Ke Ayaych Agi od Aad Ge Ayu Aatat Aas Ny} Ar\ Aa, Ay Aad AB 2800X 35-1 1OSOXAG.6F qe = 1956.63X16.91 2800 X24 1050 X50 | 1956.61 XIb.971 | 2800+ 1650 1956.6 between two points ia cattecl as chiaplacerment The ST unit Dp Aisplacement & motaes ® Distance taavelledl = We actual aiatane tavelted between any “Woo points ts cated as cliatance ‘We st writ of chuatanee ta melas: ‘Scanned with CamScanner@) Veto - We sate oF change oF Ai2pla cement (8 catted as Votocitey SY uni! @ retae/second. @ Accelesation ~ The seacte 0 change op velocity “B Caled as accetesahon ST unit 2 metee [second b. Gien— Q= -9 m|s> Veg ms t=0 | wo we have te aat B= utC2)xo. Velocity = 8mls-. at t-0. S=_ ushen +26 ccc Ve ut at: > B= U+C2x6. Uz 1248= 20 ms. we have W-ur= 2a9. 7 B90? = Dayco xs. 2 S= 84m cp Members Puinciple States thar" the o star 0 {prees actin on a body in mohdn & in dynamic Pieris wilh the nesta {pre Of the bocly" Baumberts Principle — avitational torce ® Carctrontess veetieat bgp wrib a bead . @ Pasaner axis +heorena © Mase Uncles ‘Scanned with CamScanner\o. 9) Desiation Oy S= urtbar- her a body is A “veitb uuniporm acceleratian q. Gs =o. ay? ag) 0 at- Aas - adt or ds =atic ae f gree ae ds = valocity at any ingtant vohen t=0, veouty=u- Ot t ds = Oe Y= axotey = ds a6 = ottu Integrating Above equahon, S= at+ ut+co. oe whee Co is constant oy “whagaatian - when t-0, S$-0- > O=OXO+ UuxOtla = C2 “C@=0- S= at? Fur | 2: Deaivahon of veurat We have =ds= attru.- t gs ayter time t= Vv. Fane] ‘Scanned with CamScanner9- W242a5 =] oF, Vv a. vd. ds. vidv=a or Vdve ads. “ds Te geating , Ys astls 2 when s=o, velocity} =u: M S=o, Veu- U?= 0-+4¢3 = 5 Ca= ue 2. Yeast yu? — or [vr oasx® : 2 b. Superelevation is g technique th ushich the outer edge of a pavement is ratsed tomposatialy usi4h respect to tbe inner edge . Ty is oultt Aenoted by ‘e: . ey Superetevation iS paovided : ot e. to counteract the carp a 2a avement fora ushich & devetopell Ushen a vehicle encounters a horizontat Cusve Sus 200 tm|iyy us 300 x 1000 u=83.3 2600 ‘Scanned with CamScannerWe have Range= R= uxt he Lxqxt? =*9 > 2500 = _1x9.81xt? > t= 20.19 sec R= @3.3%90.19 R= 689 m Direchoo = 4tane= 2500 Tes. ‘Scanned with CamScanner