Annulus pressure monitoring in well intervention

1 Maximum allowable Explain MAASP and how it is determined. From a given situation, explain how to determine
annulus surface MAASP. Explain what conditions determine a
pressure (MAASP) reassessment of MAASP
in well intervention
operations.
Risk management
2 Checklists for well Explain the important elements in a checklist that From a given scenario using a checklist, assess if
(pressure) control must be confirmed as in place and functional: controls are in place and functional including:
operations. - pressure control equipment (PCE). - pressure control equipment (PCE)
- well isolations. - well isolations
- procedures. - procedures
3 How to use risk Recognise and respond to changes during the From a given situation, recognise and respond to
management planning and preparation phase: changes during the planning and preparation phase:
principles and - well parameters - well parameters
practices in the - PCE configuration - PCE configuration
planning and - use of quick test subs - use of quick test subs
preparation phase of - operational objectives - operational objectives
well intervention - simultaneous operations (SIMOPS). - simultaneous operations (SIMOPS).
pressure control.
Well handover
4 How to evaluate a Explain the critical steps required to ensure From a given handover situation assess the
well handover. successful well handover: information provided, focusing on:
- complete and correct information including well - complete and correct information including well
history history
- clear roles and responsibilities - clear roles and responsibilities
- accepting well barriers - accepting well barriers
- accepting well conditions - accepting well conditions
- accepting any well parameter changes - accepting any well parameter changes
- accepting and verifying surface lockouts and - accepting and verifying surface lockouts and
isolations. isolations.
INTRODUCTION TO WELL CONTROL
Hydrostatic pressure
5 Hydrostatic pressure Complete hydrostatic and gradient calculations From a given situation, complete hydrostatic and
calculations. including: gradient calculations including:
- given a fluid density, calculate a pressure gradient - given a fluid density, calculate a pressure gradient
 - given a pressure gradient, calculate a fluid density - given a pressure gradient, calculate a fluid density
- given a fluid density and true vertical depth (TVD) - given a fluid density and true vertical depth (TVD)
calculate a pressure calculate a pressure
- given a pressure and a TVD, calculate a fluid - given a pressure and a TVD, calculate a fluid
density density
- given a pressure and a fluid density, calculate a - given a pressure and a fluid density, calculate a
TVD TVD
- given two or more fluid densities and vertical - given two or more fluid densities and vertical
intervals, calculate a pressure. intervals, calculate a pressure.
Formation injectivity tests
6 Formation Explain formation injectivity testing and why Explain formation injectivity testing and why
injectivity tests fractures can happen if fracture pressure is fractures can happen if fracture pressure is exceeded.
exceeded.
BARRIERS
Barrier philosophy
7 Barrier terminology From a given situation, identify primary and From a given situation, assess the primary and
– primary and secondary well barriers elements during well secondary well barrier elements during well
secondary barrier intervention and completion operations. intervention and completion operations.
elements.
Barrier management
8 Shearing devices. Explain the function and the location of a shearing From a given situation, assess when to activate the
device in a PCE stack including: shearing device.
- single shear ram device
- shear/seal ram/valve device. Describe situations in
which to activate the shearing device.
9 Maintaining BOP Explain the factors that can affect BOP integrity From a given situation, explain how to prevent BOP
and associated during operations: failure during operations considering the following
equipment integrity - hydraulic pressure factors:
during operations. - fluid composition - hydraulic pressure
- maintenance. - fluid composition
- maintenance.
10 Correct elastomers From given well conditions, describe the correct From a given situation, explain the correct elastomer
for the well elastomer to use. to use, and the consequences of using the incorrect
conditions. type.
11 BOP control system. Explain the operating principle of a BOP control Explain the operating principle of a BOP control
system. Explain when to use accumulators. Explain system. Explain when to use accumulators. Explain
 why it is important to size accumulators for the BOP why it is important to size accumulators for the BOP
function. function. Using given data, calculate the required
accumulator capacity
Bullheading
12 The Risk of starting For a given bullheading situation that includes well
a fracture during configuration and well data: - explain how to prepare
bullheading a pumping schedule. Calculate the maximum
allowable surface pressure.
Hydrates
13 The risks associated Identify the risks associated with hydrates and their From a given situation, identify high risk operations
with hydrates. treatment: where hydrates can form.
- restricted access
- toolstring cannot be pulled out of the well
- failed/blocked completion
- unable to circulate
- misinterpreting barriers
- mismanagement of hydrate removal.
COMPLETION EQUIPMENT
Introduction to well completion
14 The purpose of a Explain the different methods of completing a well From a given situation, assess the different methods
well completion. across the production or injection zone: of completing a well across the production or
- open hole compared to cased hole injection zone:
- use of liner system - open hole compared to cased hole
- vertical/highly deviated/horizontal - use of liner system
- use of artificial lift (gas lift, electric submersible - vertical/highly deviated/horizontal
pump and sucker rod pump). - use of artificial lift (gas lift, electric submersible
pump and sucker rod pump).
15 Preparing for a well Explain the consequences if the well is not properly From a given situation, assess the impact if a well is
completion cleaned before running a completion: - equipment not properly cleaned before running a completion:
failure - how the reservoir could become damaged
- damage to the reservoir - how equipment might fail to function
potential for blocked lines and incorrect gauge - how equipment could be damaged
readings. - how test information/gauge readings could be
incorrect
- the potential of proven barrier failure.
WIRELINE (WL)
Application WL
16 When wireline is Compare the different types of wireline available:
used and the - slickline
different types - braided line
available. - electric line
- fibre optic cable
- digital slickline. For each type of wireline, explain
the uses and limitations
Equipment WL
17 Wireline equipment Explain why it is important to use the correct From a given situation assess if the wireline
in different wireline equipment for different parameters: equipment is suitable for different parameters:
operating - pressure ratings - pressure ratings
environments. - flow - flow
- fluid composition - fluid composition
- temperature - temperature
- connection compatibility - connection compatibility compatibility with
- compatibility with external systems. external systems.
Primary barrier elements WL
18 Primary barrier Describe the function and positioning of primary
elements WL barrier elements used during different wireline
operations:
- slickline
- braided line
- electric line
- fibre optic cable
- digital slickline.
Outline potential limitations of wireline primary
barrier elements:
- height limitations
- access for maintenance.
Safely repair or replace a failed primary barrier element WL
19 Secondary barrier Explain the correct actions to take if a primary From a given situation, explain the correct actions to
elements and barrier element fails during slickline operations. take if a primary barrier element fails during slickline
envelopes for Describe how and when to apply the secondary operations considering:
slickline operations barrier elements/envelopes considering: - how to maintain double barrier protection
if a primary barrier - equipment operating limits - operating limits of secondary barrier element
 element fails. - testing after closure - ability to verify barrier envelope integrity.
- monitoring for pressure
- double barrier protection.
20 Secondary barrier Explain the correct actions to take if a primary From a given situation, explain the correct actions to
elements and barrier element fails during braided line/electric line take if a primary barrier element fails during braided
envelopes for operations. Describe how and when to apply the line/electric line operations considering:
braided line/electric secondary barrier elements/envelopes considering: - how to restore double barrier protection
line operations if a - equipment operating limits - operating limits of secondary barrier element
primary barrier - testing after closure - ability to verify barrier envelope integrity.
element fails. - monitoring for pressure
- double barrier protection.
WELL INTERVENTION OPERATIONS WL
Operational Considerations (with well control consequences) WL
21 Use and limitations Explain how to use wireline cutter bars and the risks From a given situation, explain when and how to use
of wireline cutter when using them. Explain what to do if there is not wireline cutter bars. How to identify risks and ensure
bars. enough toolstring weight to act against the well mitigations are in place. Explain what to do if there is
pressure. not enough toolstring weight to act against the well
pressure.
22 Force created by Explain the force created by well pressure, flow and Explain the effects of flow and well condition
well pressure, flow conditions. Identify when this could be a problem. changes on the toolstring. Describe the steps required
and conditions to manage the problem.
compared to
toolstring/cable
weight
Controlled well shut in WL
23 Operating a wireline Outline how to operate a wireline BOP when: From a given situation, assess how to operate a
BOP. - installing a wireline cutter bar wireline BOP when:
- managing a wireline fish at surface. - installing a wireline cutter bar
- managing a wireline fish at surface.
24 How to shut in the Explain how to safely shut in the well during a From a given situation assess how to safely shut in
well quickly and wireline operation: the well during a wireline operation:
safely with or - with wireline in the well - with wireline in the well
without wireline in - without wireline in the well - without wireline in the well
the well - with tools positioned at surface. - with tools positioned at surface
Loss of pressure control during well intervention operations WL
25 What to do if an Explain how to make the operation safe while From a given situation, assess what to do if an alarm
 alarm sounds when maintaining control of the well if an alarm sounds sounds and you are required to muster in a safe area
wireline is in the and you are required to muster in a safe area when when wireline is in the well and explain the further
well and you are wireline is in the well. actions required once the operation is made safe
required to muster in
a safe area
COILED TUBING (CT)
Application CT
26 When coiled tubing Explain the uses and limitations of coiled tubing.
is used.
Equipment CT
27 The coiled tubing Explain why it is important to use the correct coiled From a given situation assess if the coiled tubing
equipment in tubing equipment for different parameters: - equipment is suitable for different parameters: -
different operating pressure ratings - flow - fluid composition - pressure ratings - flow - fluid composition -
environments. temperature - connection compatibility - temperature - connection compatibility -
compatibility with external systems. compatibility with external systems.
PRESSURE CONTROL
Surface PCE stack CT
28 PCE required for Explain the function and positioning of the surface From a given situation, assess the surface PCE
coiled tubing PCE components required for coiled tubing components required and explain their function for
operations. operations. coiled tubing operations.
Secondary barrier elements – BOPs (ram type preventers) CT
29 BOP ram From a given situation, identify the required From a given situation, assess the required changes
configurations for changes to the coiled tubing BOP ram configuration to the coiled tubing BOP ram configuration for: -
different coiled for: - changes to coil tubing diameter and type - changes to coil tubing diameter and type - different
tubing operations. different fluid composition - changes to pressure fluid composition - changes to pressure and
and temperature. temperature.
PRESSURE CONTROL (BARRIER ELEMENTS AND ENVELOPES) PRINCIPLES CT
30 Grouping barrier From a given coiled tubing situation or surface rig- From a given changing coiled tubing situation or
elements into barrier up diagram, identify which are primary and surface rig-up diagram, identify which are primary
envelopes during secondary barrier elements and group them into and secondary barrier elements and group them into
coiled tubing envelopes. envelopes. Assess from a given barrier configuration
operations. and PCE design if the coiled tubing operation can be
completed safely. Assess where potential leak paths
may develop.
Other operations - PCE Stack CT
31 Annular preventer Describe when an annular preventer would be used Explain how and why an annular preventer is used
 use during coiled during a coiled tubing operation. during a coiled tubing operation, and its operating
tubing operations. limits.
SNUBBING (SN)
Application SN
32 When snubbing is Explain the uses and limitations of snubbing
used.
PRESSURE CONTROL Surface PCE stack SN
33 PCE required for Explain the function and positioning of the surface From a given situation, assess the surface PCE
snubbing operations PCE components required for snubbing operations. components required and explain their function for
snubbing operations.
Primary barrier elements SN
34 Primary barrier Describe the function and positioning of primary
elements used barrier elements used during snubbing operations:
during snubbing - stripper bowl or annular preventer
operations. - upper and lower stripping BOP rams.
Outline the potential limitations of snubbing
primary barrier elements:
- potential for buckling
- height limitations
- access for maintenance
Secondary barrier elements – BOPs (ram type preventers) SN
35 BOP ram For a given situation, identify the required changes For a given situation, assess the required changes to
configurations for to the snubbing BOP ram configuration for: the snubbing BOP ram configuration for:
different snubbing - changes to tubular diameter and type - changes to tubular diameter and type
operations. - different fluid composition - different fluid composition
- changes to pressure and temperature. - changes to pressure and temperature.
PRESSURE CONTROL (BARRIER ELEMENTS AND ENVELOPES) PRINCIPLES SN
36 Grouping barrier From a given snubbing situation or surface rigup From a given changing snubbing situation or surface
elements into barrier diagram, identify which are primary and secondary rig-up diagram, identify which are primary and
envelopes during barrier elements and group them into envelopes. secondary barrier elements and group them into
snubbing operations. envelopes. Assess from a given barrier configuration
and PCE design if the snubbing operation can be
completed safely. Assess where potential leak paths
may develop.
Other Operations - PCE stack SN
37 A snubbing Describe when a snubbing pressurised deployment From a given situation, assess when a snubbing
 pressurised system is used. Explain the barrier configuration and pressurised deployment system is used. Explain the
deployment system. PCE design required to maintain the double barrier barrier configuration and PCE design required to
philosophy. maintain the double barrier philosophy.
Safely repair or replace failed primary barrier element SN
38 Secondary barrier Explain the correct actions to take if a primary From a given situation, explain the correct actions to
elements and barrier element fails during snubbing operations. take if a primary barrier element fails during
envelopes for Describe how and when to apply the secondary snubbing operations considering:
snubbing if a barrier elements/envelopes considering: - equipment - How to restore double barrier protection
primary barrier operating limits - testing after closure - monitoring - operating limits of secondary barrier element
element fails. for pressure - double barrier protection. - ability to verify barrier envelope integrity.
WELL INTERVENTION OPERATIONS SN
Operational considerations (with well control consequences) SN
39 Snubbing pipe in Explain the process of snubbing pipe with square Explain the process of snubbing pipe with square
and out of a live collars by opening and closing the stripper rams in collars by opening and closing the stripper rams in
well (with square sequence. sequence.
collars/ram to ram).
Loss of pressure control during well intervention operations SN
40 What to do if an Explain how to make the operation safe while From a given situation, assess what to do if an alarm
alarm sounds when maintaining control of the well if an alarm sounds sounds and you are required to muster in a safe area
the workstring is in and you are required to muster in a safe area when when the workstring is in the well and explain the
the well and you are the workstring is in the well. further actions required once the operation is made
required to muster in safe.
a safe area.
41 What to do if the Explain how to make the operation safe while From a given situation, assess what to do if the
workstring maintaining control of the well if the workstring workstring downhole check valves (backpressure
downhole check downhole check valves (backpressure valves) leak valves) leak while in the well during a snubbing
valves (backpressure while in the well during a snubbing operation. operation and explain the further actions required
valves) leak while in once the operation is made safe.
the well during a
snubbing operation