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C++ (Matrices)

This document discusses matrix arithmetic operations in C++ including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. It provides code samples to perform each operation on matrices including inputting matrix elements, performing the operation, and outputting the result. The operations are performed on 2D arrays and vectors to represent matrices.

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151 views6 pages

C++ (Matrices)

This document discusses matrix arithmetic operations in C++ including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. It provides code samples to perform each operation on matrices including inputting matrix elements, performing the operation, and outputting the result. The operations are performed on 2D arrays and vectors to represent matrices.

Uploaded by

SB
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

Matrix Arithmetic

in C++
1 Addition (➕)

2 Subtraction (➖)

3 Multiplication ( ✖ )

4 Division (➗)

This template
Document
hascreated
been created
by Sawab.S
by Slidesgo
Matrix

A Sample
using namespace std;

#include <iostream>

int main() {

// Declaring and initializing a 3x4 matrix

int matrix[3][4] = {

{1, 2, 3, 4},

{5, 6, 7, 8},

{9, 10, 11, 12}

};

// Outputting the matrix

for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {

for (int j = 0; j < 4; ++j) {

cout << matrix[i][j] << " ";

cout << endl;

return 0;

}
“ Document created by Sawab.S ”
1
Addition
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
int r, c, a[100][100], b[100][100], sum[100][100], i, j;
cout << "Enter number of rows (between 1 and 100): ";
cin >> r;
cout << "Enter number of columns (between 1 and 100): ";
cin >> c;
cout << endl << "Enter elements of 1st matrix: " << endl;
for (i = 0; i < r; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c; ++j) {
cout << "Enter element a" << i + 1 << j + 1 << " : ";
cin >> a[i][j];
}
cout << endl << "Enter elements of 2nd matrix: " << endl;
for (i = 0; i < r; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c; ++j) {
cout << "Enter element b" << i + 1 << j + 1 << " : ";
cin >> b[i][j];
}
for (i = 0; i < r; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c; ++j)
sum[i][j] = a[i][j] + b[i][j];
cout << endl << "Sum of two matrix is: " << endl;
for (i = 0; i < r; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c; ++j) {
cout << sum[i][j] << " ";
if (j == c - 1)
cout << endl;
}
return 0; }

Document created by Sawab.S


2
Subtraction
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
int r, c, a[100][100], b[100][100], difference[100][100], i, j;

cout << "Enter number of rows (between 1 and 100): ";


cin >> r;

cout << "Enter number of columns (between 1 and 100): ";


cin >> c;

cout << endl << "Enter elements of 1st matrix: " << endl;
for (i = 0; i < r; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c; ++j) {
cout << "Enter element a" << i + 1 << j + 1 << " : ";
cin >> a[i][j];
}

cout << endl << "Enter elements of 2nd matrix: " << endl;
for (i = 0; i < r; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c; ++j) {
cout << "Enter element b" << i + 1 << j + 1 << " : ";
cin >> b[i][j];
}

// Subtracting matrices
for (i = 0; i < r; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c; ++j)
difference[i][j] = a[i][j] - b[i][j];

cout << endl << "Difference of two matrices is: " << endl;
for (i = 0; i < r; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c; ++j) {
cout << difference[i][j] << " ";
if (j == c - 1)
cout << endl;
}

return 0;
}

Document created by Sawab.S


3
Multiplication
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
int r1, c1, r2, c2, a[100][100], b[100][100], product[100][100], i, j, k;

cout << "Enter number of rows for the first matrix: ";
cin >> r1;

cout << "Enter number of columns for the first matrix: ";
cin >> c1;

cout << "Enter number of rows for the second matrix: ";
cin >> r2;

cout << "Enter number of columns for the second matrix: ";
cin >> c2;

// Check if multiplication is possible


if (c1 != r2) {
cout << "Error: The number of columns in the first matrix must be equal
to the number of rows in the second matrix for multiplication." << endl;
return 1;
}

cout << endl << "Enter elements of the first matrix: " << endl;
for (i = 0; i < r1; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c1; ++j) {
cout << "Enter element a" << i + 1 << j + 1 << " : ";
cin >> a[i][j];
}

cout << endl << "Enter elements of the second matrix: " << endl;
for (i = 0; i < r2; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c2; ++j) {
cout << "Enter element b" << i + 1 << j + 1 << " : ";
cin >> b[i][j];
}

// Initialize product matrix elements to 0


for (i = 0; i < r1; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c2; ++j)
product[i][j] = 0;

// Multiply matrices
for (i = 0; i < r1; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c2; ++j)
for (k = 0; k < c1; ++k)
product[i][j] += a[i][k] * b[k][j];

cout << endl << "Product of two matrices is: " << endl;
for (i = 0; i < r1; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c2; ++j) {
cout << product[i][j] << " ";
if (j == c2 - 1)
cout << endl;
}

return 0;
}

Document created by Sawab.S


4
Division
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

// Function to perform element-wise division of two matrices


std::vector<std::vector<double>> matrixDivision(const std::vector<std::vector<double>>& A, const
std::vector<std::vector<double>>& B) {
int rows = A.size();
int cols = A[0].size();

std::vector<std::vector<double>> result(rows, std::vector<double>(cols, 0.0));

for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {


for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j) {
result[i][j] = A[i][j] / B[i][j];
}
}

return result;
}

// Function to print a matrix


void printMatrix(const std::vector<std::vector<double>>& matrix) {
for (const auto& row : matrix) {
for (double element : row) {
std::cout << element << " ";
}
std::cout << std::endl;
}
}

int main() {
int size;

std::cout << "Enter the size of the square matrices: ";


std::cin >> size;

// Input for Matrix A


std::cout << "Enter elements for Matrix A:" << std::endl;
std::vector<std::vector<double>> A(size, std::vector<double>(size, 0.0));
for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < size; ++j) {
std::cout << "A[" << i << "][" << j << "]: ";
std::cin >> A[i][j];
}
}

// Input for Matrix B


std::cout << "Enter elements for Matrix B:" << std::endl;
std::vector<std::vector<double>> B(size, std::vector<double>(size, 0.0));
for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < size; ++j) {
std::cout << "B[" << i << "][" << j << "]: ";
std::cin >> B[i][j];
}
}

// Perform matrix division


std::vector<std::vector<double>> result = matrixDivision(A, B);

// Display the result


std::cout << "Result of A / B:" << std::endl;
printMatrix(result);

return 0;}

Document created by Sawab.S

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