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Dryers 1

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116 views10 pages

Dryers 1

Uploaded by

Jmbernabe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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 Dryer - a machine or device use for reducing moisture content of moist materials

Hygroscopic materials are those substances which are particularly variable in the moisture
content which they can possess at different times.
Most of the organic materials, such as wood, leather, foodstuffs, paper, tobacco, cloth, and hair
are quite hygroscopic.

Dryers feed mat’ls

Fan
Heater

products
 Dryer

Relationship between MCwb and MCdc

Gross weight simply means the total weight of the material.


= bone dry weight + weight of moisture

Bone Dry weight - is the final constant weight reached by a


hygroscopic substance after being dried out.

Moisture content - is the amount of water present in a moist material

Moisture content ( wet basis )


- amount of water per unit gross mass of the material

MCwb =
mass of water
Gross mass of the material

Moisture content ( dry basis )


- amount of water per unit bone-dry mass of the material

MCdb =
mass of water
Bone-dry mass of the material
 Dryer

Analysis :.

 Moisture removed from materials = Moisture absorbed by air

 Bone-dry weight of feed material = Bone-dry weight of finished product

 Heat supplied to the heater =

 Efficiency of the Dryer =


 Dryer
1. A rotary sand drier produces 20 MT of dried sand per hour containing 0.5% moisture from a wet feed containing
10% moisture. Temperature of wet sand is 30oC and that of dried sand is 115oC. Neglecting radiation losses
calculate a. the raw mat’ls. Introduced in the dryer (22 111.11 kg/hr)
b. the amount of water evaporated ( 2 111.11 kg/hr)
 Dryer

2. Copra enters a dryer containing 60% water and 40% of solids and leaves with 5% water anf 95% solids.
Find the weight of water removed based on each a. pound of original product (0.5789 lb of water)
b. pound of final product (1.375 lb of water) c. pound of bone dry material (1.45 lb of water)
 Dryer
3. Wet material containing 215% moisture (dry basis) is to be dried at the rate of 1.5 Kg/sec in a continuous dryer to
give a product containing 5% moisture (wet basis). The drying medium consist of air heated to 373 K and containing
water vapor equivalent to a partial pressure of 1.4 KPa. The air leaves the dryer @ 310 K and 70% saturated.
Calculate the amount of air will be required to remove the moisture. (186 415 kg/hr )
 Dryer
4. 3287 kg of moisture per hour is being removed from a material by a drier and the air leaving it has a
humidity ratio of 0.02343 kg moisture per kg of dry air. The outside air is initially at 15oC dry bulb and
has a relative humidity of 50%. The air is heated to a temperature of 69.1oC by steam coils and
between the heater and the drier air inlet a drop of 9.1oC occurs in the air temperature.
How much steam is required in kg/s if the steam supplied is at 135 KPa and 0.98 quality? (1.261 kg/sec)
 Dryer
5. A dryer is to deliver 1000 kg/hr of palay with a final moisture content of 10%. The initial moisture content in the
feed is 15% at atmospheric condition with 32 OC and 21 oCwb. The dryer is maintained at 45oC while the relative
humidity of the hot humid air from the dryer is 80%. If the steam pressure supplied to the heater is 2.0 MPa; determine
a. The palay supplied to the dryer in kg/hr and the temperature of the heat humid air from the dryer in oC. (1059 kg/hr)
b. The air supplied to the dryer in m3/hr and the heat supplied to the heater in KW. (1341 m3/hr , 5.53 KW)
c. the steam supplied to the heater in kg/hr (10.5 kg/hr )
 Dryer
6. A tower-type moisture dryer is to deliver 1000 kg/hr of cassava flour with 2% residual moisture of 20% in the feed. The air to
be heated in heating chamber is a misture of fresh air @ 33oC & 60% relative humidity, and hot humid air from dryer @ 490C
& 60% relative humidity. The air mixture @ 380C & 65% relative humidity is heated by a steam coil to 930C. The dryer is
properly insulated so that moisture absorption can be considered adiabatic. Compute
a. Required flow of heated air mixture to dryer. (3.3 kg/s)
b. Capacity of forced draft fan on dryer. ( 3.6 m3/s)
c. Heat in Kcal/hr for heating the air mixture in heating chamber (164 kcal/h)
d. Percentage by weight of fresh air in mixture. ( 68.75%)
Thank You !

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