P.E.

Civil Exam Review:

Structural Analysis

J.P. Mohsen
jpm@louisville.edu

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 Table of Contents
Topic Slide number

Determinate VS. Indeterminate Structures 4

Stability and determinacy of trusses 7

Truss analysis 8
Shear and moment diagrams 21

Deflection 44

Moment Distribution Technique 45

2
 NCEES Topics
Structural Analysis 10%

1. Dead loads

2. Live loads

3. Construction loads

4. Trusses

5. Bending

6. Shear

7. Shear diagrams

8. Moment diagrams

3
 Structures

• Determinate

• Indeterminate

4
STATICALLY DETERMINATE

5
STATICALLY INDETERMINATE

6
Stability and Determinacy of Trusses

300 lb. 400 lb.

B C D

7.5 ft

A
E
10 ft H 10 ft G 10 ft F 10 ft

RR
RL

2j = m + r Truss is determinate J = number of joints

m= number of members
2j m+r indeterminate r = number of reactions

2j m+r Unstable
7
Problem 1 --- Determine the force in members BH, BC, and DG of the truss shown.
Note that the truss is composed of triangles 7.5 ft : 10.0 ft : 12.5 ft, so that they
are 3:4:5 right angles.

300 lb. 400 lb.

B C D

7.5 ft

10 ft H 10 ft G 10 ft F 10 ft E

RL RR

8
Member BH.

300 lb. 400 lb.

B C D

A
10 ft H 10 ft G 10 ft F 10 ft E

RL RR

9
Analysis of Member BH.

300 lb. 400 lb.

B C D

A E
10 ft H 10 ft G 10 ft F 10 ft

RL RR

FBH Applying Equation of Equilibrium to Joint H

+ F y 0 Fbh  0

FAH FHG
H

10
Member BC.

300 lb. 400 lb.

B C D

A
10 ft H 10 ft G 10 ft F 10 ft E

RL RR

11
Analysis of Member BC.

300 lb. 400 lb.

B C D

A E
10 ft H
H 10 ft G 10 ft F 10 ft

RL RR = 275 lb.

+ M G 0  20 RR  7.5 FBC  0

 275(20)
FBC    733 lbs ( compression)
400 lb. 7 .5
B C D
FBC
12.5 ft
FBG 7.5 ft
E
FHG
G 10 ft F 10 ft

RR
12
Member DG.

300 lb. 400 lb.

B C D

A
10 ft H 10 ft G 10 ft F 10 ft E

RL RR

13
Analysis of Member DG.

300 lb. 400 lb.

B C D

A E
10 ft H 10 ft G 10 ft F 10 ft

RL RR

C D
FCD

FDG 12.5 ft
7.5 ft
E
FGF
G F 10 ft

RR
14
 Analysis of Member DG.

300 lb. 400 lb.

B C D

A E
10 ft H 10 ft G 10 ft F 10 ft

RL RR

+ F Y  0 RR  DGY  0 DGY  275 lbs

DGY 3
 DG  458 lbs tension 
DG 5
C D
FCD

FDG 12.5 ft
7.5 ft
E
FGF
G F 10 ft

RR
15
Problem 2--

1 meter

Pin
1 meter

Find the force in the truss members shown.

16
Problem 3 --

Please find all member forces and specify whether in tension or compression

17
18
19
20
Problem 4 -- Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beam shown.
Indicate the maximum moment.

60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m

A C D
B E

2m 2m 2m 2m

21
Draw the Free Body Diagram (FBD).
(Note: The horizontal force at point B is equal to zero.)

60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m

A C D
FB FE

2m 2m 2m 2m

22
 Solve for the reactions at supports B and E.

60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m

A C D
FB = 100 kN FE = 40 kN

2m 2m 2m 2m

+ ∑MB = 0 → 60(2) + 120 – 6FE = 0 → FE = 40 kN

+ ∑FY = 0 → -60 – 80 + FE + FB = 0 → -100 + FB = 0 → FB = 100 kN

23
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Draw the Shear Diagram
for segment AB.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

2 m  20 kN m   40 kN

0 0 V (kN)

-40

24
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Show the change in Shear
at B.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60 100 kN

0 0 V (kN)

-40

25
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Draw the Shear Diagram
for segment BC.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60 2 m  20 kN m   40 kN
20
0 0 V (kN)

-40

26
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Show the change in Shear
at C.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60  60 kN

20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40

27
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Draw the Shear Diagram
for segment CE.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60 4 m 0 kN m   0 kN
20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40 -40

28
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Show the change in Shear
at E.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60 40 kN

20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40 -40

29
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Completed Shear Diagram

A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60

20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40 -40

30
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Draw the Moment Diagram
for segment AB.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60

20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40 -40

2 m  40 kN  1   40 kN  m

2

0 0 M (kN-m)
2°
-40

31
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Draw the Moment Diagram
for segment AB.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60

20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40 -40

2 m  40 kN  1   40 kN  m

2

0 0 M (kN-m)

-40

32
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Draw the Moment Diagram
for segment BC.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60

20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40 -40

2 m 40 kN  1   2 m 20 kN   80 kN  m

2

40
2°

0 0 M (kN-m)
2° 2°

-40

33
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Draw the Moment Diagram
for segment CD.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60

20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40 -40

2 m  40 kN   80 kN  m

40
2°

0 0 M (kN-m)
2° 2°

-40 -40

34
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Show the change in
bending moment at D.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60

20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40 -40

120 kn  m

80
40
2°

0 0 M (kN-m)
2° 2°

-40 -40

35
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Draw the Moment Diagram
for segment DE.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60

20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40 -40

2 m  40 kN   80 kn  m
80
40
2°

0 0 M (kN-m)
2° 2°

-40 -40

36
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Completed Moment
Diagram.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60

20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40 -40

80
40
2°

0 0 M (kN-m)
2° 2°

-40 -40

37
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Find the maximum
moment.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60

20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40 -40

M max  80 kn  m

80
40
2°

0 0 M (kN-m)
2° 2°

-40 -40

38
Problem 5 --

39
Problem 6 --- The reaction at support A is nearest to.

8 ft
A
2 ft

a) 1800 lbs 300 lb/ft

b) 700 lbs
c) 1150 lbs
d) 0 lbs 6 ft

B
40
 Problem 6 --- Continued

8 ft

2 ft

3 ft

1800 Ibs

3 ft

B
41
Problem 7 ---- Please find the reactions at all supports.

6 ft

8 ft

10 ft

B
42
Problem 7 --- continued

4
A
3
3

4
6 ft

8 ft

10 ft

B 43
44
Problem 8---

What are the support reactions for the beam shown?

KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

45
 Moment Distribution

• 1) calculate the fixed end moments

• 2) Calculate distribution of moments at the clamped ends of the members

by the rotation of that joint

• 3) Calculate the magnitude of the moments carried over to the other ends
of the members

• 4) The addition or subtraction of these latter moments to the original fixed

ends moments

46
Fixed End Moments
P

L/2 L/2
FEM = PL FEM = PL
8 8

L
FEM= wL2
FEM= wL2
12
12

P
a b

L
FEM= Pa2b
FEM= Pb2a L2
L2
47
 Lock the joint B

FEM -25 + 25 - 50 + 50

48
 KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

Distribution Factor = K_______________

Sum of K for all members at the joint

K1
DF1 
K
K2
DF2 
K 49
 KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

Distribution Factor = K_______________

Sum of K for all members at the joint

K1
DF1 
Distribution Factor = KBA_
KBA + KBC
K
K2
DF2 
K 50
 KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

1__
10____ = 2/3 D.F. at B for BA
1__ + 1_
10 20

1__
20____ = 1/3 D.F. at B for BC
1__ + 1_
10 20
51
Stiffness K KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

D. F. 2/3 1/3

FEM -25 + 25 - 50 + 50

Balancing
Joint B

52
 Joint B Released

Stiffness K KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I

L 10 L 20

D. F. 2/3 1/3

FEM -25 + 25 - 50 + 50

Balancing + 16.67 +8.33

Joint B

53
Stiffness K KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

D. F. 2/3 1/3

FEM -25 + 25 - 50 + 50

Balancing + 16.67 +8.33

Joint B

C.O.M. + 8.33

54
Stiffness K KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

D. F. 2/3 1/3

FEM -25 + 25 - 50 + 50

Balancing +16.67 +8.33

Joint B

C.O.M.
+ 8.33 +4.17

55
Stiffness K KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

D. F. 2/3 1/3

FEM -25 + 25 - 50 + 50

Balancing + 16.67 +8.33

Joint B
C.O.M.
+ 8.33 +4.17

Final
Moments - 16.67 56
Stiffness K KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

D. F. 2/3 1/3

FEM -25 + 25 - 50 + 50

Balancing + 16.67 +8.33

Joint B
C.O.M. + 8.33 +4.17

Final
Moments - 16.67 + 41.67
57
Stiffness K KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

D. F. 2/3 1/3

FEM -25 + 25 - 50 + 50

Balancing + 16.67 +8.33

Joint B
C.O.M. + 8.33 +4.17

Final
Moments - 16.67 + 41.67 - 41.67
58
Stiffness K KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

D. F. 2/3 1/3

FEM -25 + 25 - 50 + 50

Balancing + 16.67 +8.33

Joint B
C.O.M. + 8.33 +4.17

Final
Moments - 16.67 + 41.67 - 41.67 + 54.17
59
Stiffness K KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

D. F. 2/3 1/3

FEM -25 + 25 - 50 + 50

Balancing
+ 16.67 +8.33
Joint B
C.O.M.
+ 8.33 +4.17
---------- ------------ ---------- ----------
Final - 16.67 + 41.67 - 41.67 + 54.17
Moments 60
Problem 10 -- solution

1.5 K/FT
20 k

-16.67 FT.K 41.67 -41.67

54.2

20 k 1.5 K/FT

14.4 k 15.6 k
7.5 k 12.5 k

61
 References

• Hibbeler, C. R., Structural Analysis, 3rd Edition,

Prentice Hall, 1995.

• Chajes, Alexander, Structural Analysis, Prentice

Hall, 1982.

62
 Thank You!

• Any Questions?

• Good Luck!

63