SEAM010700

WA20-2,WA30-5
WA40-3,WA50-3
WHEEL LOADER
WA20 - 11270
SERIAL NUMBERS
WA30 - 18970 and up
WA40 - 13530
WA50 - 20642

Unsafe use of this machine may cause serious injury

or death. Operators and maintenance personnel
must read this manual before operating or maintain-
ing this machine. This manual should be kept near the
machine for reference and periodically reviewed
by all personnel who will come into contact with it.

NOTICE
Komatsu has Operation & Maintenance Manuals written in
some other languages. If a foreign language manual is
necessary, contact your local distributor for availability.
1. FOREWORD

This manual provides rules and guidelines which will help you use this machine safely and
effectively. Keep this manual handy and have all personnel read it periodically. If this manual has been
lost or has become dirty and can not be read, request a replacement manual from Komatsu or your
Komatsu distributor.
If you sell the machine, be sure to give this manual to the new owners.
Continuing improvements in the design of this machine can lead to changes in detail which may not
be reflected in this manual. Consult Komatsu or your Komatsu distributor for the latest available
information of your machine or for questions regarding information in this manual.
This manual may contain attachments and optional equipment that are not available in your area.
Consult Komatsu or your Komatsu distributor for those items you may require.

 WARNING
‡ Improper operation and maintenance of this machine can be hazardous and could result in serious
injury or death.

‡ Operators and maintenance personnel should read this manual thoroughly before beginning
operation or maintenance.

‡ Some actions involved in operation and maintenance of the machine can cause a serious accident,
if they are not done in a manner described in this manual.

‡ The procedures and precautions given in this manual apply only to intended uses of the machine.
If you use your machine for any unintended uses that are not specifically prohibited, you must
be sure that it is safe for you and others. In no event should you or others engage in prohibited
uses or actions as described in this manual.

‡ Komatsu delivers machines that comply with all applicable regulations and standards of the
country to which it has been shipped. If this machine has been purchased in another country or
purchased from someone in another country, it may lack certain safety devices and specifications
that are necessary for use in your country. If there is any question about whether your product
complies with the applicable standards and regulations of your country, consult Komatsu or your
Komatsu distributor before operating the machine.

‡ The description of safety is given in SAFETY INFORMATION on page 0-2 and in SAFETY from page
1-1.

CALIFORNIA
Proposition 65 Warning
Diesel engine exhaust and some of its
constituents are known to the State
of California to cause cancer, birth
defects, and other reproductive
harm.

0-1
2. SAFETY INFORMATION

Most accidents are caused by the failure to follow fundamental safety rules for the operation and
maintenance of machines. To avoid accidents, read, understand and follow all precautions and warnings
in this manual and on the machine before performing operation and maintenance.
To identify safety messages in this manual and on machine labels, the following signal words are
used.

 DANGER – This word is used on safety messages and safety labels where there is a high
probability of serious injury or death if the hazard is not avoided. These safety
messages or labels usually describe precautions that must be taken to avoid the
hazard. Failure to avoid this hazard may also result in serious damage to the
machine.

 WARNING – This word is used on safety messages and safety labels where there is a
potentially dangerous situation which could result in serious injury or death if
the hazard is not avoided. These safety messages or labels usually describe
precautions that must be taken to avoid the hazard. Failure to avoid this hazard
may also result in serious damage to the machine.

 CAUTION – This word is used on safety messages and safety labels for hazards which could
result in minor or moderate injury if the hazard is not avoided. This word might
also be word for hazards where the only result could be damage to the machine.

NOTICE – This word is used for precautions that must be taken to avoid actions which
could shorten the life of the machine.

Safety precautions are described in SAFETY from page 1-1.

Komatsu cannot predict every circumstance that might involve a potential hazard in operation and
maintenance. Therefore the safety messages in this manual and on the machine may not include all
possible safety precautions. If any procedures or actions not specifically recommended or allowed in this
manual are used, you must be sure that you and others can do such procedures and actions safely and
without damaging the machine. If you are unsure about the safety of some procedures, contact your
Komatsu distributor.

0-2
3. INTRODUCTION

3.1 INTENDED USE

This machine is intended mainly for the following operations.
‡ Digging operations
‡ Leveling operations
‡ Pushing operations
‡ Loading operations
For details of the operating procedure, see “12.9 WORK POSSIBLE USING WHEEL LOADER”.

3.2 FEATURES
‡ Easy operation by HST mechanism
‡ High performance
‡ Each kind of safety devices is installed.

3.3 BREAKING IN THE MACHINE

Your Komatsu machine has been thoroughly adjusted and tested before shipment.
However, operating the machine under severe conditions at the beginning can adversely affect the
performance and shorten the machine life.
Be sure to break in the machine for the initial 100 hours (as indicated by the service meter.)
During breaking in:
‡ Idle the engine for 5 minutes after starting it up.
‡ Avoid operation with heavy loads or at high speeds.
‡ Avoid sudden starts, sudden acceleration, sudden steering and sudden stops except in cases of
emergency.

The precautions given in this manual for operating, maintenance, and safety procedures are only
those that apply when this product is used for the specified purpose. If the machine is used for a purpose
that is not listed in this manual, Komatsu cannot bear any responsibility for safety. All consideration of
safety in such operations is the responsibility of the user.
Operations that are prohibited in this manual must never be carried out under any circumstances.

0-3
4. LOCATION OF PLATES, TABLE TO ENTER
SERIAL NO. AND DISTRIBUTOR

4.1 MACHINE SERIAL NO. PLATE POSITION

4.1.1 WA20

Position of plate
This plate is on the center of the front frame on the right side of
the machine.

Position of stamp
This is stamped on the center of the front frame on the right side
of the machine.

4.1.2 WA30, 40, 50

Position of plate
This plate is on the center of the front frame on the right side of
the machine.

Position of stamp
This is stamped on the center of the front frame on the right side
of the machine.

4.2 ENGINE SERIAL NO. PLATE POSITION

Position of plate
This plate is on top of the engine cylinder head cover.

Position of stamp
This is stamped on the right side of the engine cylinder block as
seen from the fan.

0-4
 4. LOCATION OF PLATES, TABLE TO ENTER SERIAL NO. AND DISTRIBUTOR

4.3 TABLE TO ENTER SERIAL NO. AND DISTRIBUTOR

Machine serial No.:

Engine serial No.:

Distributor name:

Address: Phone:

Service personnel for your machine:

REMARKS

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0-5
5. CONTENTS

1. Foreword ............................................................................................................................................. 0- 1

2. Safety information .............................................................................................................................. 0- 2

3. Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 0- 3

4. Location of plates, table to enter serial No. and distributor ........................................................ 0- 4

SAFETY
6. General precautions ............................................................................................................................ 1- 2

7. Precautions during operation ............................................................................................................ 1- 7

7.1 Before starting engine ............................................................................................................. 1- 7
7.2 Operating machine ................................................................................................................... 1- 9
7.3 Transportation ........................................................................................................................... 1-14
7.4 Battery ....................................................................................................................................... 1-15
7.5 Towing ....................................................................................................................................... 1-16

8. Precautions for maintenance ............................................................................................................. 1-17

8.1 Before carrying out maintenance ........................................................................................... 1-17
8.2 During maintenance ................................................................................................................ 1-21
8.3 Tires ............................................................................................................................................ 1-25

9. Position for attaching safety labels .................................................................................................. 1-27

OPERATION
10. General view ....................................................................................................................................... 2- 2
10.1 General view of machine ........................................................................................................ 2- 2
10.2 General view of controls and gauges .................................................................................... 2- 3

11. Explanation of components ............................................................................................................... 2- 4

11.1 Meter, lamps ............................................................................................................................. 2- 4
11.2 Switches ..................................................................................................................................... 2- 8
11.3 Control levers, pedals .............................................................................................................. 2-10
11.4 Cap with lock ............................................................................................................................ 2-14
11.5 Safety bar .................................................................................................................................. 2-14
11.6 Tilt hood ..................................................................................................................................... 2-15
11.7 Towing pin ................................................................................................................................ 2-15
11.8 Fuse ............................................................................................................................................ 2-15
11.9 Fusible link ................................................................................................................................ 2-16
11.10 Manual pocket ........................................................................................................................... 2-17
11.11 Connectors ................................................................................................................................ 2-17

0-6
5. CONTENTS 5. CONTENTS

12. Operation .............................................................................................................................................. 2-18

12.1 Check before starting engine .................................................................................................. 2-18
12.2 Starting engine .......................................................................................................................... 2-29
12.3 Operations and checks after starting engine ......................................................................... 2-32
12.4 Moving machine off .................................................................................................................. 2-34
12.5 Changing direction .................................................................................................................... 2-36
12.6 Turning ....................................................................................................................................... 2-36
12.7 Stopping machine ..................................................................................................................... 2-37
12.8 Operation of work equipment ................................................................................................. 2-38
12.9 Work possible using wheel loader .......................................................................................... 2-39
12.10 Precautions for operation ......................................................................................................... 2-43
12.11 Adjusting work equipment posture ........................................................................................ 2-45
12.12 Parking machine ........................................................................................................................ 2-46
12.13 Checks after completion of operation .................................................................................... 2-47
12.14 Stopping engine ........................................................................................................................ 2-48
12.15 Check after stopping engine .................................................................................................... 2-48
12.16 Locking ....................................................................................................................................... 2-48
12.17 Handling the tires ...................................................................................................................... 2-49

13. Transportation ..................................................................................................................................... 2-52

13.1 Loading, unloading work ......................................................................................................... 2-52
13.2 Precautions for loading ............................................................................................................ 2-53
13.3 Lifting machine .......................................................................................................................... 2-53
13.4 Precautions for transportation ................................................................................................. 2-56
13.5 Removing and installation of canopy ..................................................................................... 2-56

14. Cold weather operation ..................................................................................................................... 2-58

14.1 Precautions for low temperature ............................................................................................. 2-58
14.2 Precautions after completion of work .................................................................................... 2-60
14.3 After cold weather ..................................................................................................................... 2-60

15. Long-term storage .............................................................................................................................. 2-61

15.1 Before storage ........................................................................................................................... 2-61
15.2 During storage ........................................................................................................................... 2-61
15.3 After storage .............................................................................................................................. 2-61

16. Troubleshooting .................................................................................................................................. 2-62

16.1 When machine runs out of fuel .............................................................................................. 2-62
16.2 Towing the machine ................................................................................................................ 2-63
16.3 If battery is discharged ............................................................................................................. 2-66
16.4 Other trouble .............................................................................................................................. 2-70

0-7
5. CONTENTS 5. CONTENTS

MAINTENANCE
17. Guides to maintenance ...................................................................................................................... 3- 2

18. Outlines of service ............................................................................................................................. 3- 5

18.1 Outline of oil, fuel, coolant ...................................................................................................... 3- 5
18.2 Outline of electric system ........................................................................................................ 3- 8

19. Wear parts list ..................................................................................................................................... 3- 9

20. Use of fuel, coolant and lubricants according to ambient temperature ..................................... 3-10

21. Standard tightening torques for bolts and nuts ........................................................................... 3-14
21.1 Introduction of necessary tools ............................................................................................... 3-14
21.2 Torque list .................................................................................................................................. 3-16

22. Periodic replacement of safety critical parts .................................................................................. 3-17

23. Maintenance schedule chart .............................................................................................................. 3-24

23.1 Maintenance schedule chart .................................................................................................... 3-24

24. Service Procedure ............................................................................................................................... 3-27

24.1 Initial 250 hours service ........................................................................................................... 3-27
24.2 When required ........................................................................................................................... 3-28
24.3 Check before starting ................................................................................................................ 3-42
24.4 Every 50 hours service ............................................................................................................. 3-48
24.5 Every 250 hours service ........................................................................................................... 3-49
24.6 Every 500 hours service ........................................................................................................... 3-54
24.7 Every 1000 hours service ......................................................................................................... 3-57
24.8 Every 2000 hours service ......................................................................................................... 3-60

SPECIFICATIONS
25. Specifications ....................................................................................................................................... 4- 2

OPTIONS, ATTACHMENTS
26. Optional parts and attachments ....................................................................................................... 5- 2

27. Seat belt ............................................................................................................................................... 5- 3

27.1 Fastening and removing belt .................................................................................................. 5- 3
27.2 Adjust belt length ...................................................................................................................... 5- 4
27.3 Check seat belt and mounts .................................................................................................... 5- 4

28. Equipment with cab ............................................................................................................................ 5- 5

28.1 Switches ..................................................................................................................................... 5- 5
28.2 Rear window .............................................................................................................................. 5- 9
28.3 Check and maintenance ........................................................................................................... 5-10

0-8
 SAFETY

 WARNING
Read and follow all safety precautions. Failure to do so may result
in serious injury or death.

This safety section also contains precautions for optional equip-

ment and attachments.

1-1
  WARNING: For reasons of safety, always
6. GENERAL PRECAUTIONS follow these safety precautions.

SAFETY RULES
‡ ONLY trained and authorized personnel can operate and maintain the machine.

‡ Follow all safety rules, precautions and instructions when operating or performing maintenance
on the machine.

‡ Do not operate the machine if you are not feeling well, or if you are taking medicine which will
make you sleepy, or if you have been drinking. Operating in such a condition will adversely affect
your judgement and may lead to an accident.

‡ When working with another operator or a person on worksite traffic duty, be sure all personnel
understand all hand signals that are to be used.

SAFETY FEATURES
‡ Be sure all guards and covers are in their proper position. Have guards and covers repaired if
damaged.
Proper position ➞ See “12.1.1 WALK-AROUND CHECK”.

‡ Use safety features such as the safety lock lever and seat belts properly.

‡ NEVER remove any safety features. ALWAYS keep them in good operating condition.
Safety lock lever ➞ See “12.12 PARKING MACHINE”.

‡ Improper use of safety features could result in serious bodily injury or death.

CLOTHING AND PERSONAL PROTECTIVE ITEMS

‡ Avoid loose clothing, jewelry, and loose long hair. They can catch on controls or in moving parts
and cause serious injury or death. Also, do not wear oily clothes because they are flammable.

‡ Wear a hard hat, safety glasses, safety shoes, mask or gloves when operating or maintaining the
machine. Always wear safety goggles, hard hat and heavy gloves if your job involves scattering
metal chips or minute materials - this is so particularly when driving pins with a hammer and when
cleaning the air cleaner element with compressed air.
Check also that there is no one near the machine.

‡ Check the function of all protective equipment before use.

Cleaning of air cleaner element ➞ See “24.2 WHEN REQUIRED” in service procedure.

A0055010

1-2
 WARNING: Failure to follow these safety precautions may lead
to a serious accident. 6. GENERAL PRECAUTIONS

UNAUTHORIZED MODIFICATION
‡ Any modification made without authorization from Komatsu can create hazards.

‡ Before making a modification, consult your Komatsu distributor. Komatsu will not be responsible
for any injury or damage caused by any unauthorized modification.

ALWAYS APPLY LOCK WHEN LEAVING OPERATOR’S SEAT

‡ When standing up from the operator’s seat, always place the safety lock lever securely in the LOCK
position. If you accidentally touch the travel or swing lever when they are not locked, the work
equipment may suddenly move and cause serious injury or damage.

‡ When leaving the machine, lower the work equipment completely to the ground, set the safety
lock lever to the LOCK position, then stop the engine and use the key to lock all the equipment.
Always take the key with you.
Work equipment posture ➞ See “12.12 PARKING MACHINE”.
Locks ➞ See “12.16 LOCKING”.

MOUNTING AND DISMOUNTING

‡ NEVER jump on or off the machine. NEVER get on or off a moving machine.

‡ When getting on or off the machine, face the machine and use the handhold and steps.

‡ Never hold any control levers when getting on or off the machine.

‡ Maintain three-point contact (both feet and one hand or one foot and both hands), and be sure
that you are supported securely by the handrail and steps.

‡ If there is any oil, grease, or mud on the handholds or steps, wipe it off immediately. Always keep
these parts clean. Repair any damage and tighten any loose bolts.

1-3
  WARNING: For reasons of safety, always
6. GENERAL PRECAUTIONS follow these safety precautions.

FIRE PREVENTION FOR FUEL AND OIL

Fuel, oil, and antifreeze can be ignited by a flame. Fuel is particularly FLAMMABLE and can be
HAZARDOUS.
‡ Keep flame away from flammable fluids.
‡ Stop the engine and do not smoke when refueling.
‡ Tighten all fuel and oil tank caps securely.
‡ Refueling and oiling should be made in well ventilated areas.
‡ Keep oil and fuel in the determined place and do not allow unauthorized persons to enter.

A0055020 A0055030 A0055040

PRECAUTIONS WHEN HANDLING AT HIGH TEMPERATURES

‡ Immediately after operations are stopped, the engine coolant, engine oil, and hydraulic oil are at
high temperatures, and are still under pressure. Attempting to remove the cap, drain the oil or
water, or replace the filters may lead to serious burns. Always wait for the temperature to go down,
and follow the specified procedures when carrying out these operations.

‡ Before removing the radiator cap, stop the engine and let the radiator cool. Turn the cap slowly
to release the internal pressure before removing the cap.

‡ As a result, oil may spurt out when the hydraulic tank cap is removed.
Always turn the cap slowly to release the internal pressure before removing the cap.

A0055050

1-4
 WARNING: Failure to follow these safety precautions may lead
to a serious accident. 6. GENERAL PRECAUTIONS

ASBESTOS DUST HAZARD PREVENTION

Asbestos dust can be HAZARDOUS to your health if it is inhaled.
If you handle materials containing asbestos fibers, follow these guidelines as given below:
‡ NEVER use compressed air for cleaning.
‡ Use water for cleaning to keep down the dust.
‡ Operate the machine with the wind to your back, whenever possible.
‡ Use an approved respirator if necessary.

A0055060

CRUSHING OR CUTTING PREVENTION

‡ Do not enter, or put your hand or arm or any other part of your body between movable parts such
as between the work equipment and cylinders, or between the machine and work equipment.
If the work equipment is operated, the clearance will change and this may lead to serious damage
or personal injury.

A0060760

FIRE EXTINGUISHER AND FIRST AID KIT

‡ Be sure fire extinguishers have been provided and know how to use them.

‡ Provide a first aid kit at the storage point.

‡ Know what to do in the event of a fire.

‡ Be sure you know the phone numbers of persons you should contact in case of an emergency.

A0055070

1-5
  WARNING: For reasons of safety, always
6. GENERAL PRECAUTIONS follow these safety precautions.

PRECAUTIONS WHEN USING ROPS

If ROPS is installed, the ROPS must never be removed when operating the machine.

The ROPS is installed to protect the operator if the machine should roll over. It is designed not only
to support the load if the machine should roll over, but also to absorb the impact energy.

The Komatsu ROPS fulfills all of the regulations and standards for all countries, but if it is rebuilt
without authorization or is damaged when the machine rolls over, the strength will drop and it will
not be able to fulfill its function properly. It can only display its performance if it is repaired or
modified in the specified way.

When modifying or repairing the ROPS, always contact your Komatsu distributor.

Even if the ROPS is installed, it cannot show its full effect if the operator does not fasten the seat
belt properly. Always fasten the seat belt when operating.

PRECAUTIONS FOR ATTACHMENTS

‡ When installing and using an optional attachment, read the instruction manual for the attachment
and the information related to attachments in this manual.

‡ Do not use attachments that are not authorized by Komatsu or your Komatsu distributor. Use of
unauthorized attachments could create a safety problem and adversely affect the proper operation
and useful life of the machine.

‡ Any injuries, accidents, product failures resulting from the use of unauthorized attachments will
not be the responsibility of Komatsu.

1-6
7. PRECAUTIONS DURING  WARNING: Failure to follow these safety
OPERATION precautions may lead to a serious accident.

7.1 BEFORE STARTING ENGINE

SAFETY AT WORKSITE
‡ Before starting operations, thoroughly check the area for any
unusual conditions that could be dangerous.

‡ Examine the shape of the ground and the quality of the soil
at the jobsite, and determine the optimum method of opera-
tion.

‡ When working on public roads, position flagmen and erect

barriers to ensure the safety of passing traffic and pedestrians.

‡ In places where there are buried objects, such as water pipes,

gas pipes, or pipes for high voltage cables, contact the com-
pany in charge to confirm the position of the buried object,
and be careful not to damage the object during operations.

‡ When working in water or when crossing sand banks, first

check the condition of the ground and the depth and speed of
flow of the water. Be sure not to exceed the permitted water
depth.
Permissible water depth ➞ See “12.10 PRECAUTIONS FOR
OPERATION”.

FIRE PREVENTION
‡ Thoroughly remove wood chips, leaves, paper and other flam-
mable things accumulated in the engine compartment. They
could cause a fire.

‡ Check fuel, lubrication, and hydraulic systems for leaks. Have

any leaks repaired. Wipe up any excess oil, fuel or other
flammable fluids.
Check point ➞ See “12.1.1 WALK-AROUND CHECK”.
A0055020
‡ Be sure a fire extinguisher is present and working.

‡ Do not operate the machine near any flame.

IN OPERATOR’S CAB
‡ Do not leave tools or spare parts lying around in the operator’s compartment. They may damage
or break the control levers or switches. Always put them in the tool box on the right side of the
machine.

‡ Keep the cab floor, controls, steps and handrails free of oil, grease, snow, and excess dirt.

‡ Check the seat belt, buckle and hardware for damage or wear. Replace any worn or damaged
parts. Always use seat belts when operating your machine.
Seat belts ➞ See “27. SEAT BELT”.

1-7
  WARNING: For reasons of safety, always
7. PRECAUTIONS DURING OPERATION follow these safety precautions.

VENTILATION FOR ENCLOSED AREAS

‡ If it is necessary to start the engine within an enclosed area, provide adequate ventilation. Exhaust
fumes from the engine can KILL.

A0055060

PRECAUTIONS FOR MIRRORS, WINDOWS AND LIGHTS

‡ Remove all dirt from the surface of the windows and lights to ensure that you can see well.

‡ Adjust the side mirror so that you can see clearly from the operator’s seat, and always keep the
surface of the mirror clean. If any glass is broken, replace it with a new part.

‡ Check that the head lamps and working lamps light up properly.

CHECK MACHINE
‡ Before starting the engine, adjust the operator’s seat so that you can carry work easily and in
comfort.
If the operator’s seat is not properly adjusted, it will cause mistaken operation and fatigue, with
the danger that this will cause an accident.

‡ Adjust the seat so that you can operate the control levers and pedals properly with your back
against the seat back.
Adjustment of operator’s seat ➞ See “12.1.3 ADJUSTMENT BEFORE OPERATION”.

‡ Before starting the engine, check that the safety lock levers are at the LOCK position.

‡ Before starting the engine, always carry out the walk-around check, checks before starting, and
operations and checks before starting the engine.
Walk-around check ➞ See “12.1.1 WALK-AROUND CHECK”.
Checks before starting ➞ See “12.1.2 CHECK BEFORE STARTING”.
Operations and checks before starting engine ➞ See “12.1.4 OPERATIONS AND CHECKS BE-
FORE STARING ENGINE.”.

Carry out the above checks and check that there is no abnormality. If there is damage which can not
be repaired, attach the warning tag to the work equipment control lever.

1-8
 WARNING: Failure to follow these safety precautions may lead
to a serious accident. 7. PRECAUTIONS DURING OPERATION

7.2 OPERATING MACHINE

WHEN STARTING ENGINE
‡ Walk around your machine again just before mounting it, checking for people and objects that
might be in the way.

‡ NEVER start the engine if a warning tag has been attached to the control.

‡ When starting the engine, sound the horn as an alert.

‡ Start and operate the machine only while seated.

‡ Do not allow any person other than the operator in the operator’s compartment or any other place
on the machine.

‡ For machines equipped with a back-up alarm buzzer, check that the alarm buzzer works properly.

CHECK WHEN TRAVELING IN REVERSE

Before operating the machine or work equipment, do as follows.
‡ Sound the horn to warn people in the area.
‡ Check that there is no one near the machine. Be particularly
careful to check behind the machine.
‡ If necessary, designate a person to check the safety. This is
particularly necessary when traveling in reverse.
‡ When operating in areas that may be hazardous or have poor
visibility, designate a person to direct worksite traffic.
‡ Do not allow any one to enter the line of travel of the machine.
This rule must be strictly observed even on machines equipped
with a back-up alarm or rear view mirror.

CHECK SAFETY
Before traveling or operating, check that the safety bar is se-
curely fixed in the free condition.

1-9
  WARNING: For reasons of safety, always
7. PRECAUTIONS DURING OPERATION follow these safety precautions.

PRECAUTIONS WHEN TRAVELING

‡ It is dangerous to look around you when carrying out operations. Always concentrate on your
work.
‡ Excessive speed, sudden starting, sudden stopping, sudden turns, and coasting when traveling
are dangerous. Always drive carefully.
‡ If you find any abnormality in the machine during operations (noise, vibration, smell, abnormali-
ties in gauges), move the machine immediately to a safe place, then park the machine and
investigate the cause.
‡ Travel on level roads with the bucket 25 – 45 cm (10 – 18 in) above the ground surface.
‡ When traveling on rough ground surfaces, travel at low speed, and avoid sudden turning when
changing direction.
‡ If the engine stops when the machine is traveling, the steering will not work. This is dangerous,
so apply the brakes immediately and stop the machine.
‡ To avoid hitting other machines, always keep a safe distance from other machines during
operations an when traveling.

TRAVELING ON SLOPES
‡ Traveling on hills, banks or slopes that are steep could result in the machine tipping over or
slipping.

‡ On hills, banks or slopes, carry the bucket closer to the ground, approximately 20 to 30 cm (8 to
12 in) above the ground. In case of emergency, quickly lower the bucket to the ground to help the
machine stop and prevent it from tipping over.

‡ Do not turn on slopes or travel across slopes. Always go down to a flat place to perform these
operations.

‡ Do not travel up and down on grass, fallen leaves, and wet steel plates. These materials may allow
the machine to slip, if it is traveling sideways. Keep travel speed very low.

‡ When traveling down a slope, use the braking force of the engine and travel slowly.

‡ If the engine stops on a slope, depress the brake immediately, lower the bucket, and apply the
parking brake to stop the machine.

‡ When carrying a load, travel forward when going uphill and in reverse when going downhill.

INCORRECT CORRECT

AE060800 AE060810

1-10
 WARNING: Failure to follow these safety precautions may lead
to a serious accident. 7. PRECAUTIONS DURING OPERATION

DO NOT GO CLOSE TO HIGH-VOLTAGE CABLES

‡ Going close to high-voltage cables can cause electric shock. Always maintain the safe distance
given below between the machine and the electric cable.

‡ The following actions are effective in preventing accidents.

1) Wear shoes with rubber or leather soles.
2) Use a signalman to give warning if the machine approaches too close to the electric cable.

‡ If the work equipment should touch the electric cable, the operator should not leave the operator’s
compartment.

‡ When carrying out operations near high voltage cables, do not let anyone come close to the
machine.

‡ Check with the electricity company about the voltage of the cables before starting operations.

Min. safety
Voltage
distance
6.6 kV 3m 10ft
33.0 kV 4m 14ft
66.0 kV 5m 17ft
154.0 kV 8m 27ft
275.0 kV 10 m 33ft A0060820

PRECAUTIONS WHEN OPERATING

‡ Be careful not to approach too close to the edge of cliffs.
When making embankments or landfills, or when dropping soil over a cliff, dump one pile, then
use the next pile of soil to push the first pile.

‡ Be careful not to let the bucket hit the dump truck or the side of the excavated ditch.

‡ The load suddenly becomes lighter when the soil is pushed over a cliff or when the machine
reaches the top of a slope. When this happens, there is danger that the travel speed will suddenly
increase, so be sure to reduce the speed.

‡ Always carry out loading operations up-wind to protect yourself from dust.

‡ When the bucket is fully loaded, be particularly sure to avoid sudden starting, turning, or stopping.

‡ When loading a dump truck, check that there is no one in the area. Be careful also that the load
does not drop when it is being loaded.

ENSURE GOOD VISIBILITY

‡ When working in dark places, install working lamps and head lamps, and set up lighting in the
work area if necessary.

‡ Stop operations if the visibility is poor, such as in mist, snow, or rain, and wait for the weather
to improve to a condition that allows the operation to be carried out safely.

1-11
  WARNING: For reasons of safety, always
7. PRECAUTIONS DURING OPERATION follow these safety precautions.

OPERATE CAREFULLY ON SNOW

‡ When working on snow or icy roads, there is danger that the machine may slip to the side on even
the slightest slope, so always travel slowly and avoid sudden starting, turning, or stopping.

‡ Be extremely careful when carrying out snow-clearing operations. The road shoulder and other
objects are buried in the snow and cannot be seen.

‡ When traveling on snow-covered roads, always install tire chains.

‡ When traveling on snow-covered slopes, never use the brakes to stop the machine suddenly.
Lower the bucket to the ground to stop the machine.

‡ The load will change greatly according to the type of snow, so reduce the load and be careful not
to let the machine slip.

DO NOT HIT WORK EQUIPMENT

‡ When working in places where there are height limits, such as in tunnels, under bridges, under
electric cables, or in garages, be extremely careful not to hit the work equipment.

METHOD OF USING BRAKES

‡ Do not put your foot on the brake pedal unless necessary.

‡ Do not depress the brake pedal repeatedly unless necessary.

‡ When traveling downhill, use the engine as a brake, and always use the right brake pedal.

WORKING ON LOOSE GROUND

‡ Avoid operating your machine too close to the edge of cliffs, overhangs, and deep ditches. If these
areas collapse, your machine could fall or tip over and result in serious injury or death. Remember
that the soil after heavy rain or blasting is weakened in these areas.

‡ Earth laid on the ground and the soil near ditches are loose. They can collapse under the weight
or vibration of your machine.

‡ When operating in places where there is danger of falling rocks or danger of the machine turning
over, always install ROPS and a seat belt.

1-12
 WARNING: Failure to follow these safety precautions may lead
to a serious accident. 7. PRECAUTIONS DURING OPERATION

PARKING THE MACHINE

‡ When parking the machine, stop on a flat firm road surface where there is no danger of falling
rocks, landslides, or floods, and lower the work equipment to the ground. If the machine must be
stopped on a slope, block the wheels to prevent the machine from moving.
CORRECT

‡ When parking on public roads, park the machine so that the machine, flags, and fences do not
obstruct traffic, and provide fences, signs, flags, or lights, and put up any other necessary signs
to ensure that passing traffic can see the machine clearly.
Parking procedure ➞ See “12.12 PARKING MACHINE”.

‡ When leaving the machine, lower the work equipment completely to the ground, set the safety
lock lever to the LOCK position, then stop the engine and use the key to lock all the equipment.
Always take the key with you.
Work equipment posture ➞ See “12.12 PARKING MACHINE”.
Places to lock ➞ See “12.16 LOCKING”.

1-13
  WARNING: For reasons of safety, always
7. PRECAUTIONS DURING OPERATION follow these safety precautions.

7.3 TRANSPORTATION
LOADING AND UNLOADING
‡ Loading and unloading the machine always involves potential hazards. EXTREME CAUTION
SHOULD BE USED.
When loading or unloading the machine, run the engine at low idling and travel at low speed.

‡ Perform loading and unloading on firm, level ground only. Maintain a safe distance from the edge
of a road.

‡ ALWAYS block the wheels of the hauling vehicle and place blocks under both ramps before
loading and unloading.

‡ ALWAYS use ramps of adequate strength. Be sure the ramps are wide and long enough to provide
a safe loading slope.

‡ Be sure that the ramps are securely positioned and fastened, and that the two sides are at the same
level as one another.

‡ Be sure the ramp surface is clean and free of grease, oil, ice and loose materials. Remove dirt from
the machine tires.

‡ NEVER correct your steering on the ramps. If necessary, drive away from the ramps and climb
again.

‡ After loading, block the machine tires and secure the machine with tie-downs.

Loading and unloading ➞ See “13. TRANSPORTATION”.

Tie-downs ➞ See “13. TRANSPORTATION”.

CORRECT

Ramp

Blocks
Max. 15° Block
Distance between ramps A0060840

SHIPPING
‡ When shipping the machine on a hauling vehicle, obey all state and local laws governing the
weight, width, and length of a load. Also obey all applicable traffic regulations.

‡ Determine the shipping route while taking into account the width, height and weight of the load.

1-14
 WARNING: Failure to follow these safety precautions may lead
to a serious accident. 7. PRECAUTIONS DURING OPERATION

7.4 BATTERY
BATTERY HAZARD PREVENTION
‡ Battery electrolyte contains sulfuric acid and can quickly burn the skin and eat holes in clothing.
If you spill acid on yourself, immediately flush the area with water.
‡ Battery acid could cause blindness if splashed into the eyes. If acid gets into the eyes, flush them
immediately with large quantities of water and see a doctor at once.
‡ If you accidentally drink acid, drink a large quantity of water or milk, beaten egg or vegetable oil.
Call a doctor or poison prevention center immediately.
‡ When handling the battery, always wear safety glasses and rubber gloves. The electrolyte inside
the battery may cause burns or loss of sight.
‡ Batteries generate hydrogen gas. Hydrogen gas is very EXPLOSIVE, and is easily ignited with a
small spark or flame.
‡ Before working with batteries, stop the engine and turn the starting switch to the OFF position.
‡ Avoid short-circuiting the battery terminals through accidental contact with metallic objects, such
as tools, across the terminals.
‡ When removing or installing, check which is the positive (+) terminal and negative (–) terminal.
‡ Tighten the battery cap securely.
‡ Tighten the battery terminals securely. Loosened terminals can generate sparks and lead to an
explosion.

A0055090 A0055100 A0055110

STARTING WITH BOOSTER CABLES

‡ ALWAYS wear safety glasses or goggles when starting the machine with booster cables.

‡ When starting from another machine, do not allow the two machines to touch.

‡ Be sure to connect the positive (+) cable first when installing the booster cables. Disconnect the
ground or negative (–) cable first when removing them.

‡ If any tool touches between the positive (+) terminal and the chassis, it will cause sparks. This is
dangerous, so be sure to work carefully.

‡ Connect the batteries in parallel: positive to positive and negative to negative.

‡ When connecting the ground cable to the frame of the machine to be started, be sure to connect
it as far as possible from the battery.
Starting with booster cables ➞ See “16. TROUBLESHOOTING”.

INCORRECT

A0067322 A0055110

1-15
  WARNING: For reasons of safety, always
7. PRECAUTIONS DURING OPERATION follow these safety precautions.

7.5 TOWING
WHEN TOWING, FIX WIRE TO HITCH PIN
‡ Towing in the wrong way may lead to serious personal injury or damage.

‡ When using another machine to tow this machine, use a wire rope with ample strength for the
weight of this machine.

‡ Never tow a machine on a slope.

‡ Do not use any towing rope that has kinks or is twisted.

‡ Do not stand astride the towing cable or wire rope.

‡ When connecting a machine that is to be towed, do not let any

one come between the towing machine and the machine that
is being towed.

‡ Set the coupling of the machine being towed in a straight line

with the towing portion of the machine, and secure it in
position.
Towing method ➞ See “16. TROUBLESHOOTING”.

1-16
8. PRECAUTIONS FOR  WARNING: Failure to follow these safety
MAINTENANCE precautions may lead to a serious accident.

8.1 BEFORE CARRYING OUT MAINTENANCE

WARNING TAG
‡ If others start the engine or operate the controls while you are performing service or lubrication,
you could suffer serious injury or death.

‡ ALWAYS attach the WARNING TAG to the control lever in the operator’s cab to alert others that
you are working on the machine. Attach additional warning tags around the machine, if necessary.

‡ These tags are available from your Komatsu distributor. (Part No. 09963-03000)

DO NOT operate
When this plate is not being used
keep it in the storage compartment.
09963-03000

PROPER TOOLS
‡ Use only tools suited to the task. Using damaged, low quality, faulty, or makeshift tools could
cause personal injury.
Tools ➞ See “21.1 INTRODUCTION OF NECESSARY TOOLS”.

A0055120

1-17
  WARNING: For reasons of safety, always
8. PRECAUTIONS FOR MAINTENANCE follow these safety precautions.

PERIODIC REPLACEMENT OF SAFETY CRITICAL PARTS

‡ Replace the following fire-related components periodically:
Fuel system: Fuel hose, spilling hose, and fuel tube cap
Hydraulic system: Pump outlet hose

‡ Replace these components periodically with new ones, regardless of whether or not they appear
to be defective. These components deteriorate over time.

‡ Replace or repair any such components if any defect is found, even though they have not reached
the time specified.
Replacement of safety critical components ➞ See “22. PERIODIC REPLACEMENT OF SAFETY
CRITICAL PARTS”.

STOP THE ENGINE BEFORE CARRYING

OUT INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE
‡ When carrying out inspection and maintenance, always stop
on a flat firm road surface where there is no danger of falling
rocks, landslides, or floods. Then lower the work equipment
to the ground, set the safety lock levers to the LOCK position,
and stop the engine.

‡ If it is necessary to run the engine when carrying out mainte-

nance, such as when cleaning the inside of the radiator, place
the safety lock lever at the LOCK position and carry out the
operation with two workers. AT OFF
HE

‡ One worker should sit in the operator’s seat so that he can ON

stop the engine immediately if necessary. He should also be

START
extremely careful not to touch any lever by mistake. Touch the
levers only when they have to be operated.
AM089160

‡ The worker carrying out the maintenance should be extremely

careful not to touch or get caught in the moving parts.

LOCK FRONT AND REAR FRAMES

Lock the front and rear frames with the safety bar.

WORK EQUIPMENT SUPPORT

When carrying out inspection and maintenance with the work equipment raised, fit a stand under
the lift arm securely to prevent the work equipment from coming down. In addition, set the work
equipment control levers to the HOLD position and lock with the safety lock.

1-18
 WARNING: Failure to follow these safety precautions may lead
to a serious accident. 8. PRECAUTIONS FOR MAINTENANCE

RULES TO FOLLOW WHEN ADDING FUEL OR OIL

‡ Always stop the engine before adding fuel or oil.

‡ Spilled fuel and oil may cause you to slip, so always wipe it up immediately.

‡ Always tighten the cap of the fuel and oil fillers securely.

‡ Never use fuel for washing any parts.

‡ Always add fuel and oil in a well-ventilated place.

A0055020 A0055030 A0055040

RADIATOR WATER LEVEL

‡ When checking the water level, stop the engine and wait for the engine and regulator to cool down,
then check the water level in the sub-tank.
‡ When adding water, add water through the sub-tank.
‡ Loosen the cap slowly to release the internal pressure before removing the cap.

A0067380

USE OF LIGHTING
‡ When checking fuel, oil, coolant, or battery electrolyte, always use lighting with anti-explosion
specifications.
If such lighting equipment is not used, there is danger of explosion.

A0055160

DO NOT STAND ON ENGINE HOOD

Never climb on to the engine hood. There is danger that you will slip and fall.

1-19
  WARNING: For reasons of safety, always
8. PRECAUTIONS FOR MAINTENANCE follow these safety precautions.

PREVENTION OF FIRE
Carrying out maintenance involves handling objects such as fuel and batteries which may cause a
fire. To prevent fire, do as follows.

‡ Keep fuel and other flammable oil and fluids well away from fire.

‡ Always use a non-flammable oil for washing parts.

‡ Put out any fires that may cause the fuel or oil to ignite.

‡ Always have a fire extinguisher or other fire-fighting equipment available.

‡ Do not smoke when carrying out inspection and maintenance operations.

1-20
 WARNING: Failure to follow these safety precautions may lead
to a serious accident. 8. PRECAUTIONS FOR MAINTENANCE

8.2 DURING MAINTENANCE

PERSONNEL
‡ Only authorized personnel can service and repair the machine. Extra precaution should be used
when grinding, welding, and using a sledge-hammer.

ATTACHMENTS
‡ Place attachments that have been removed from the machine in a safe place so that they do not
fall. If they fall on you or others, serious injury could result.

A0055130

WORK UNDER THE MACHINE

‡ Always lower all movable work equipment to the ground or to their lowest position before
performing service or repairs under the machine.

‡ Always block the tires of the machine securely.

‡ Never work under the machine if the machine is poorly supported.

A0055140

KEEP THE MACHINE CLEAN

‡ Spilled oil or grease, or scattered tools or broken pieces are dangerous because they may cause
you to slip or trip.
Always keep your machine clean and tidy.

‡ If water gets into the electrical system, there is danger that the machine may not move or may
move unexpectedly.
Do not use water or steam to clean the sensors, connectors, or the inside of the operator’s
compartment.

A0055150

1-21
  WARNING: For reasons of safety, always
8. PRECAUTIONS FOR MAINTENANCE follow these safety precautions.

PRECAUTIONS WITH BATTERY

‡ When repairing the electrical system or when carrying out electrical welding, remove the negative
(–) terminal of the battery to stop the flow of current.

A0055170

HANDLING HIGH-PRESSURE HOSES

‡ Do not bend high-pressure hoses or hit them with hard objects. Do not use any bent or cracked
piping, tubes or hoses. They may burst during use.

‡ Always repair any loose or broken fuel hoses or oil hoses. If fuel or oil leaks, it may cause a fire.

PRECAUTIONS WITH HIGH PRESSURE OIL

‡ Do not forget that the work equipment circuits are always under pressure.

‡ Do not add oil, drain oil, or carry out maintenance or inspection before completely releasing the
internal pressure.

‡ If oil is leaking under high pressure from small holes, it is dangerous if the jet of high-pressure
oil hits your skin or enters your eyes. Always wear safety glasses and thick gloves, and use a piece
of cardboard or a sheet of wood to check for oil leakage.

‡ If you are hit by a jet of high-pressure oil, consult a doctor immediately for medical attention.

A0055180 A0055190

1-22
 WARNING: Failure to follow these safety precautions may lead
to a serious accident. 8. PRECAUTIONS FOR MAINTENANCE

PRECAUTIONS WHEN CARRYING OUT MAINTENANCE AT

HIGH TEMPERATURE OR HIGH PRESSURE
‡ Immediately after stopping operations, the engine cooling water and oil at all parts is at high
temperature and under high pressure.
In this condition, if the cap is removed, or the oil or water are drained, or the filters are replaced,
this may result in burns or other injury. Wait for the temperature to go down, then carry out the
inspection and maintenance in accordance with the procedures given in this manual.

Clean inside or cooling system, check lubricating oil level, add oil ➞ see “24.2 WHEN REQUIRED”.

Check cooling water level, engine oil pan, oil level, brake oil level, add oil or water ➞ see “24.3
CHECK BEFORE STARTING”.

Checking hydraulic oil level, adding oil ➞ see “24.5 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE”.

Changing oil, replacing filters ➞ see “24.6 – 8 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE”.

A0055050

ROTATING FAN AND BELT

‡ Keep away from rotating parts and be careful not to let anything get caught in them.

‡ If your body or tools touch the fan blades or fan belt, they may be cut off or sent flying, so never
touch any rotating parts.

A0063830

WHEN OPERATING WITH CHASSIS RAISED

‡ When carrying out operations with the work equipment or chassis raised, lock the front and rear
frames with the safety lock, always place the control levers in the HOLD position, then lock the
control levers with the safety lock, and block the work equipment and chassis.
‡ Always fit blocks under the wheels on the opposite side when jacking up the machine. After jacking
up the machine, set blocks under it to hold it in position.

TIRE MAINTENANCE
Disassembly, repair, and assembly of tires requires specialist equipment and skill, so please ask your
specialist tire repair shop to carry out repairs.

1-23
  WARNING: For reasons of safety, always
8. PRECAUTIONS FOR MAINTENANCE follow these safety precautions.

WASTE MATERIALS
‡ Never dump waste oil in a sewer system, rivers, etc.

‡ Always put oil drained from your machine in containers. Never drain oil directly on the ground.

‡ Obey appropriate laws and regulations when disposing of harmful objects such as oil, fuel,
coolant, solvent, filters, batteries, and others.

INCORRECT

A0055220

1-24
 WARNING: Failure to follow these safety precautions may lead
to a serious accident. 8. PRECAUTIONS FOR MAINTENANCE

8.3 TIRES
HANDLING TIRES
If tires are not used under the specified conditions, they may overheat and burst or be cut and burst
by sharp stones on rough road surfaces. This may lead to serious injury or damage.
To maintain safety, always keep to the following conditions.
‡ Inflate the tires to the specified pressure. Abnormal heat is generated particularly when the
inflation pressure is too low.
Suitable inflation pressure ➞ See “12.17 HANDLING THE TIRES”.

‡ Avoid overloading.
Suitable load ➞ Normal load for bucket: WA20 4.4 kN (450 kgf)
WA30 6.3 kN (640 kgf)
WA40 7.8 kN (800 kgf)
WA50 9.4 kN (960 kgf)

‡ Use the specified tires.

The values given in this manual for the tire inflation pressure and permissible speed are general
values. The actual values may differ depending on the type of tire and the condition under which
they are used. For details, please contact your Komatsu distributor or tire maker.

If the tire is heated when installed to the wheel, flammable gas is produced. If this catches fire, the
tire may explode and cause serious injury or damage. Unlike when a tire is punctured and burst, if
a tire explodes, it produces a highly destructive force, so the following operations are strictly
prohibited when the tire is installed to the wheel.
‡ Welding of the rim
‡ Lighting fires or carrying out welding operations near the wheel or tire

A0055110

If you do not understand the proper procedure for carrying out maintenance or replacement of the
wheel or tire, and you use the wrong method, the wheel or tire may burst and cause serious injury
or damage. When carrying out such maintenance, please consult your Komatsu distributor or tire
maker.

1-25
  WARNING: For reasons of safety, always
8. PRECAUTIONS FOR MAINTENANCE follow these safety precautions.

STORING TIRES AFTER REMOVAL

‡ As a basic rule, store the tires in a warehouse which unauthorized persons cannot enter. If the tires
are stored outside, always erect a fence around the tires and put up “No Entry” and other warn-
ing signs that even young children can understand.

‡ Stand the tire on level ground, and block it securely so that it cannot roll or fall over.

‡ If the tire should fall over, get out of the way quickly. The tires for construction equipment are
extremely heavy, so trying to hold the tire may lead to serious injury.

Block

60 – 70°
A0060880 A0055130

1-26
9. POSITION FOR ATTACHING SAFETY LABELS

Always keep these labels clean. If they are lost or damaged, attach them again or replace them with
a new label.
There are other labels in addition to the safety labels listed as follows, so handle them in the same
way.
Safety labels may be available in languages other than English. To find out what labels are available,
contact your Komatsu distributor.

9.1 POSITION FOR ATTACHING SAFETY LABELS

1-27
9. POSITION FOR ATTACHING SAFETY LABELS 9. POSITION FOR ATTACHING SAFETY LABELS

1. Precautions before starting

 WARNING
BEFORE OPERATION, INSPECTION AND/OR MAINTENANCE, BE SURE TO READ
CAREFULLY THE APPROPRIATE MANUALS AND WARNING LABELS TO PERFORM
THE OPERATION ACCORDING TO THEIR INSTRUCTIONS AND WARNINGS.
FAILURE TO FOLLOW THESE INSTRUCTIONS AND WARNINGS MAY RESULT
IN SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH.
KEEP THE MANUALS NEAR THE MACHINE OPERATOR. FOR REPLACEMENT
OF THEM WITH NEW ONES, CONTACT YOUR NEAREST KOMATSU AGENT.

2. Precautions for safety lock lever

 WARNING
BEFORE LEAVING THE OPERATOR’S
SEAT, BE SURE TO LOWER THE WORK
EQUIPMENT TO THE GROUND AND SET
THE SAFETY LOCK KNOB (LOCATED AT
RIGHT OF THE OPERATOR’S SEAT) IN
THE “LOCK” POSITION.
FAILURE TO OBSERVE THE ABOVE
MAY RESULT IN SERIOUS INJURY
OR DEATH CAUSED BY UNEXPECTED
MOVEMENT OF THE MACHINE DUE
TO ACCIDENTAL CONTACT WITH THE
UNLOCKED OPERATING LEVER.

3. Precautions when traveling in reverse

 WARNING
BEFORE OPERATING THE MACHINE OR ITS WORK
EQUIPMENT, BE SURE TO OBSERVE THE FOLLOWING
POINTS. FAILURE TO DO SO MAY RESULT IN
SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH.
‡ SOUND A HORN TO ALERT NEARBY PEOPLE.
‡ MAKE SURE THAT NO ONE IS PRESENT ON OR
AROUND THE MACHINE.
‡ PLACE GUARD WHERE VISIBILITY IS POOR. BE
SURE TO CARRY OUT THE ABOVE EVEN IF THE
MACHINE
IS EQUIPPED WITH BACKUP ALARM AND MIRRORS.

1-28
9. POSITION FOR ATTACHING SAFETY LABELS 9. POSITION FOR ATTACHING SAFETY LABELS

4. Do not enter

 DANGER
CRUSH HAZARD. CAN CAUSE SERVICE INJURY OR DEATH.
WHEN MACHINE IS BEING OPERATED, NEVER PLACE
YOURSELF IN ARTICULATED AREA OF MACHINE.

5. Precautions for safety bar 7. Precautions when handling battery cable

 WARNING  WARNING
TRANSPORTATION AND LIFTING OF THE
WHEN CONNECTING/
MACHINE WITHOUT LOCKING THE
DISCONNECTING THE BATTERY
SAFETY BAR MAY CAUSE THE MACHINE
CABLE AND USING THE
BODY TO TURN UNEXPECTEDLY, RESULTING BOOSTER CABLE, FOLLOW THE
IN SERIOUS INJURY TO A NEARBY APPROPRIATE INSTRUCTION
PERSON OR HIS DEATH. MANUAL.
IMPROPER HANDLING OF THE
‡ WHEN TRANSPORTING OR LIFTING CABLES MAY RESULT IN
THE MACHINE, BE SURE TO LOCK INJURY.
THE SAFETY BAR.
‡ WHEN SERVICING THE MACHINE,
LOCK THE SAFETY BAR AS REQUIRED.

6. Precautions when coolant is at high tem- 8. Precautions when handling battery

perature (235-53-31360)

 WARNING
TAKE PRECAUTIONS AGAINST HOT
COOLING WATER.

IN ORDER TO PREVENT HOT COOLING

WATER FROM BLOWING OUT, OBSERVE
THE FOLLOWING PROCEDURE;
‡ STOP THE ENGINE.
‡ WAIT UNTIL THE WATER COOLS.
‡ SLOWLY TURN THE CAP TO RELEASE
THE PRESSURE BEFORE REMOVING THE CAP.

Please request part number 362-V11-4121 for safety labels (1 – 7).

1-29
MEMO

1-30
OPERATION

2-1
10. GENERAL VIEW

10.1 GENERAL VIEW OF MACHINE

If directions are indicated in this section, they refer to the directions shown by the arrows in the
diagram below.

Machines equipped with canopy.

2-2
10. GENERAL VIEW 10. GENERAL VIEW

10.2 GENERAL VIEW OF CONTROLS AND GAUGES

2-3
11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS

The following is an explanation of the devices needed for

operating the machine.
To carry out suitable operations correctly and safely, it is impor-
tant to understand fully the methods of operating the equipment and
the meanings of the displays.

11.1 METER, LAMPS

AL175252

1. ENGINE WATER TEMPERATURE GAUGE

This gauge indicates the engine cooling water temperature. COOLANT TEMP
When the pointer of the temperature gauge shows the white
range, the oil temperature is normal.
When the pointer enters the red range, stop the machine imme- H
diately, and run the engine with no load at midrange speed until the
oil temperature drops to the normal value. C

AE070270
NOTICE
If the engine water temperature gauge enters the red range
frequently, check and clean the radiator fins.

2. HST OIL TEMPERATURE GAUGE

This gauge indicates HST oil temperature.
When the pointer of the gauge shows the white range, the oil is
normal.
When the pointer enters the red range, stop the machine imme-
diately, and run the engine with no load at midrange speed until the
oil temperature drops to the normal value.

2-4
11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS 11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS

3. TACHOMETER
This indicates the revolution of engine. (graduated in 1000 rev.)

4. TURN SIGNAL PILOT LAMP

When the turn signal lamp flashes, the pilot lamp also flashes.

AE070320

5. FUEL GAUGE
This gauge indicates the amount of fuel in the fuel tank. FUEL
E: Tank is max. 3.5 ¬ (0.92 US gal, 0.77 UK gal)
F: Tank is FULL
If the fuel gauge indicates E during operation, check and supply F
fuel.
E
AE070290

6. SERVICE METER
This meter shows the total operation hours of the machine.
The service advances while the engine is running - even if the SERVICE METER

machine is not traveling.

While the engine is running, green pilot lam on the service meter
flashes to show the service meter advances.
The service meter progresses by 1 when the engine is operated 0 0 0 0 0 1/10h
for one hour, regardless of the engine speed. AE070300

7. FUEL WATER SEPARATOR CAUTION PILOT LAMP

(WA30, 40, 50)
This lamp indicates the water in fuel water separator.
When lighting up in machine operating, drain the water in the
separator.
For details, see “24.2 WHEN REQUIRED”.
The WA20 also has the symbols used in the diagrams on the
right, but this pilot lamp is not used.

2-5
11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS 11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS

8. HST OIL FILTER CLOGGING CAUTION LAMP

This lamp indicates the end of life of HST oil filter.
When lighting up, change to the new filter.
This lamp tends to work when ambient temperature is low,
however it is no problem when HST oil temperature gauge’s pointer
is in white range.
For details of method for HST oil filter element, see “24.7 EVERY
1000 HOURS SERVICE”.

9. PARKING BRAKE PILOT LAMP

This lamp lights up when the parking brake is applied.

A0061040

10. ENGINE OIL PRESSURE CAUTION LAMP

This lamp indicates lowering of the engine lubricating oil pres-
sure.
It is kept turned off during operation if the oil pressure is normal.
If the engine oil pressure lowers during operation, this lamp
lights up. In this case, stop the engine immediately and check the
engine oil level.
If this lamp does not light up when the starting switch is turned A0061010
on, the bulb is broken. Replace the bulb in this case.

11. BATTERY CHARGE CAUTION LAMP

This warns the operator that there is an abnormality in the
charging system when the engine is running.
If it lights up, check the charging circuit.

A0061020

2-6
11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS 11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS

12. PREHEATING PILOT LAMP

This informs the operator that the glow plug is heated.
This lamp lights up when the starting switch is turned to the
HEAT position, and goes out after 15 seconds.

A0061050

13. PARKING BRAKE REMINDER PILOT LAMP

After stopping engine, this lamp lights up with beep when the
parking brake is not applied.
Apply the brake when lighting up.

2-7
11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS 11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS

11.2 SWITCHES

1. STARTING SWITCH
This switch is used to start or stop the engine. AT OFF
HE
OFF position ON
The key can be inserted or withdrawn. The switches for the START
electric system are all turned off and the engine is stopped.

ON position AM089390
Electric current flows in the charging and lamp circuits.
Keep the starting switch key at the ON position while the engine
is running.

START position
This is the engine-start position. Keep the key at this position
during cranking. Immediately after starting the engine, release the
key which will automatically return to the ON position.

HEAT (preheat) position

When starting the engine in winter, set the key to this position.
When the key is set to the HEAT position, the pre-heating monitor
lights up. Keep the key at this position until the monitor lamp goes
off. Immediately after the pre-heating monitor goes off, release the
key. The key automatically returns to the OFF position. Then, start
the engine by turning the key to the START position.

2-8
11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS 11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS

REMARK
When the key is turned to the ON position, all the pilot lamps
except the preheating pilot lamp and parking brake reminder pilot
lamp light up, so it is possible to check if the bulbs are blown.
When the engine is running, all the pilot lamps except the parking
brake pilot lamp go out. (When the parking brake is still applied)

2. LAMP SWITCH
This is used to light up the head lamps, side clearance lamps, tail
lamps, and instrument panel lighting.
1 OFF
2 q position: Side clearance lamp, tail lamps, and gauge light-
ing light up
3 w position: Head lamps light up in addition to lamps at
q position

REMARK
The lamp switch can be operated regardless of the position of
the lever.

2. TURN SIGNAL LEVER

This lever operates the turn signal lamps.
1 LEFT TURN: Push lever FORWARD.
2 RIGHT TURN: Pull lever BACK.

REMARK
‡ When the lever is operated, the turn signal pilot lamp will also
light up.
‡ When the steering wheel is turned to the neutral position, the
turn signal lever will not return automatically to OFF. Return the
lever to OFF manually.

3. HORN BUTTON
When the button in the center of the steering wheel is pressed,
the horn will sound.

2-9
11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS 11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS

11.3 CONTROL LEVERS, PEDALS

1. DIRECTIONAL LEVER
This lever is used to change the direction of travel of the
machine.
The engine cannot be started if the directional lever is not at N
(neutral).
Position 1 : Forward
Position N : Neutral
Position 2 : Reverse

2-10
11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS 11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS

2. SAFETY LOCK (for directional lever)

 WARNING
‡ When leaving the operator's compartment, set the safety lock
securely to the LOCK position. If the directional lever is not
locked, and this is touched by mistake, this may lead to a
serious accident.
‡ If the safety lock is not placed securely in the LOCK position,
the directional lever may not be properly locked. Check that
the situation is as shown in the diagram.
‡ When parking the machine or carrying out maintenance,
always lower the bucket to the ground and apply the lock.

This is used to lock the directional lever.

Push the knob to apply the lock.

3. WORK EQUIPMENT CONTROL LEVER

This lever is used to operate the lift arm and the bucket.
1 RAISE ( J )
2 HOLD ( N ): The lift arm is kept in the same position.
3 LOWER ( M )
4 FLOAT ( * ): The lift arm moves freely under external force.
A TILT ( U )
B DUMP ( & )

When the bucket is in the dump position, if the control lever is

pulled to the TILT position the control lever will stop at this position
and the bucket will continue to move.
When the bucket reaches the position set by the bucket positioner,
the control lever is automatically returned to HOLD and the bucket
stops.
If the lift arm is lowered from this point, the bucket will contact
the ground horizontally. If it is not horizontal, carry out adjustments.
For details, see “12.11 ADJUSTING WORK EQUIPMENT POSTURE”.

NOTICE
Do not use the FLOAT position when lowering the bucket.

2-11
11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS 11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS

4. SAFETY LOCK (for work equipment control lever)

 WARNING
‡ When leaving the operator's compartment, set the safety lock
securely to the LOCK position. If the control lever are not
locked, and they are touched by mistake, this may lead to a
serious accident.
‡ If the safety lock is not placed securely in the LOCK position,
the control lever may not be properly locked. Check that the
situation is as shown in the diagram.
‡ When parking the machine or carrying out maintenance,
always lower the bucket to the ground and apply the lock.

This is used to lock the work equipment lever.

Push the knob to apply the lock.

5. BRAKE PEDALS

 WARNING
‡ Do not use the brake pedals repeatedly unless necessary.
‡ Do not put your foot on this pedal unless necessary.

There are brake pedals on both the left and right sides. Both the
left and right pedals have the same function. When the brake pedal
is depressed, the machine is stopped.
The brake pedal is interconnected with the HST inching valve,
so if the brake pedal is depressed lightly, the HST pump returns in
the neutral direction in accordance with the amount the pedal is
depressed, and this gives a deceleration effect. If the pedal is
depressed further, the wheel brake is actuated and the machine is
stopped.

6. ACCELERATOR PEDAL
This pedal controls the engine speed and output.
The engine speed can be freely controlled between low idling
and full speed.

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11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS 11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS

7. PARKING BRAKE PEDAL

 WARNING
Always apply the parking brake when leaving the machine or
parking it.

This lever operates the parking brake.

The brake is applied by depressing this pedal, and the parking
brake pilot lamp lights up.
The machine does not start when the directional lever is oper-
ated with parking brake applied.

NOTICE
Never use the parking brake lever to apply the brakes when traveling,
except in an emergency. Apply the parking brake only after the
machine has stopped.

8. PARKING BRAKE RELEASE LEVER

This is used to release the parking brake. Pull the lever back to
release the parking brake.
When the parking brake pedal returns to its original position, the
parking brake is released.

2-13
11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS 11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS

11.4 CAP WITH LOCK

The fuel tank filler port is equipped with locks.
Open and close the cap lock as follows.
Use the starting key to open and close the cap.

11.4.1 METHOD OF OPENING AND CLOSING CAP WITH

LOCK

TO OPEN THE CAP

1. Insert the key into the cap.
Insert the key as far as it will go. If the key is turned before it is
inserted all the way, it may break.

2. Turn the key clockwise, align the match mark on the cap with the Lock
rotor groove, then remove the cap. Open
AE061400

TO LOCK THE CAP

1. Turn the cap into place.

2. Turn the key counterclockwise and take the key out.

Shoulder
AE061410

11.5 SAFETY BAR

 WARNING
‡ Always use the safety bar for maintenance or when trans-
porting the machine.
‡ Always remove the safety bar during normal travel opera-
tions.

The safety bar is used during maintenance or when transporting

the machine. It locks the front frame and rear frame, and prevents
the front and rear frames from bending.

2-14
11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS 11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS

11.6 TILT HOOD

When the lever on grill 1 is moved left, the tilt hood opens.
When closing, move down the hood.

11.7 TOWING PIN

1. Align protrusion 1 in the towing pin with groove 2 in the
counterweight, then insert and turn the pin 180°.

2. To prevent the towing pin from turning, bend the towing pin
handle down and set it in position.

When removing the towing pin, carry out the above procedure
in reverse.

11.8 FUSE
NOTICE
Before replacing a fuse, be sure to turn off the starting switch.

The fuses protect the electrical equipment and wiring from

burning out.
If the fuse becomes corroded, or white powder can be seen, or
the fuse is loose in the fuse holder, replace the fuse.

Remove cover 1, then check or replace.

Replace a fuse with another of the same capacity.

2-15
11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS 11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS

11.8.1 FUSE CAPACITY AND NAME OF CIRCUIT

Fuse
No. Name of circuit
capacity
1 10A F – R control
Reverse lamp, Horn, Turn signal pilot lamp
2 20A
Bucket positioner
3 30A Engine stop solenoid
4 25A Light switch
5 10A Monitor panel
6 10A Parking buzzer
7 20A Heater (front window)
8 25A Front wiper, Room lamp, Patrol light
9 20A Working lamp, Radio
0 20A Rear wiper

11.9 FUSIBLE LINK

If the power does not come on when the starting switch is turned
ON, the fusible link may be blown, so open the tilt hood at the rear
of the machine and check or replace it.

FUSIBLE LINK
65A: Chassis power source

REMARK
A fusible link is a large fuse wire installed in circuits where there
is a large amount of electricity flowing. In the same way as a normal
fuse, it acts to protect electrical component and wiring from burning
out if any abnormal current should flow.

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11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS 11. EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS

11.10 MANUAL POCKET

The operator’s seat has a manual pocket in the back of backrest.
This manual should be kept in it for reference and periodical
reviewing.

11.11 CONNECTORS
Connectors 1 are in the right of the monitor panel. Use as power
source.
+: Yellow
-: Black
Max. 10 A, 120 W

2-17
12. OPERATION

12.1 CHECK BEFORE STARTING ENGINE

12.1.1 WALK-AROUND CHECK

 WARNING
Leakage of oil or fuel, or accumulation of flammable material
around high temperature parts, such as the engine muffler, may
cause fire.
Check carefully, and if any abnormality is found, repair it or
contact your Komatsu distributor.

Before starting the engine, look around the machine and under
the machine to check for loose nuts or bolts, or leakage of oil, fuel,
or coolant, and check the condition of the work equipment and
hydraulic system.
Check also for loose wiring, play, and collection of dust at places
which reach high temperatures.

Always carry out the items in this section before starting the
engine each day.

2-18
12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

1. Check for damage, wear, play in work equipment, cylinders,

linkage, hoses
Check that there are no cracks, excessive wear, or play in the
work equipment, cylinders, linkage, or hoses. If any abnormality
is found, repair it.

2. Remove dirt and dust from around engine, battery, radiator

Check if there is any dirt or dust accumulated around the engine
or radiator. Check also if there is any flammable material (dead
leaves, twigs, grass, etc.) accumulated around the battery or
high temperature engine parts, such as the engine muffler.
Remove all such dirt or flammable material.

3. Check for leakage of water or oil around engine

Check that there is no leakage of oil from the engine or leakage
of water from the cooling system. If any abnormality is found,
repair it.

4. Check for leakage of oil from HST transfer case, axle, hydraulic
tank, hoses, joints
Check that there is no leakage of oil. If any abnormality is found,
repair it.

5. Check for damage or wear to tires, loose mounting bolts

Check for cracks or peeling of the tires and for cracks or wear to
the wheels. Tighten any loose wheel nuts. If any abnormality is
found, repair or replace the part.
If any valve caps are missing, install new caps.

6. Check for damage to handrail and steps, loose bolts

Repair any damage and tighten any loose bolts.

7. Check for damage to lamps, gauges, loose bolts

Check that there is no damage to the gauges and monitor in the
operator's cab. If any abnormality is found, replace the parts.
Clean off any dirt on the surface.

8. Check seat belt and equipment

Check that there are no loose bolts on the equipment mounting
the seat belt to the machine, and tighten if necessary.

Tightening torque: 24.5 ± 4.9 N•m (2.5 ± 0.5 kgf•m, 18.1 ± 3.6 lbft)

If the belt is damaged or fluff is starting to form, or if there is any

damage or deformation of the seat belt holders, replace the seat
belt with a new part.

9. Check for loose bolts on ROPS

Check for any loose or damaged bolts. If any loose bolts are
found tighten them to 98 to 123 N•m (10 to 12.5 kgf•m, 72 to 90
lbft).
If any bolts are damaged, replace them with genuine Komatsu
bolts.

2-19
12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

12.1.2 CHECK BEFORE STARTING

Always carry out the items in this section before starting the
engine each day.

CHECK BULBS OF PILOT LAMPS

1. Turn the key in starting switch to the ON position.

2. When each pilot lamp 1 lights on, bulbs are no problem.

3. When each lamp doesn’t light, contact your Komatsu distributor

for service.

The preheating pilot lamp lights up only when the starting switch
is at the HEAT position; the parking brake pilot lamp does not light
up when the parking brake is not applied.
When the parking brake is released, the parking brake reminder
caution lamp lights up and the alarm buzzer sounds.

CHECK COOLANT LEVEL, ADD WATER

 WARNING
Normally, do not open the radiator cap. Always wait for the
engine to cool down before checking the water level, and check
using the sub-tank.

1. Open the engine side cover at the rear left side of the machine,
and check that the coolant level is between the FULL and LOW
marks on sub-tank 1. If the coolant level is low, add water to the
FULL level through the water filler in sub-tank 1.

2. After adding water, tighten the cap securely.

3. If sub-tank 1 is empty, check for water leakage, then add water

to the radiator and sub-tank.

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12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

CHECK FUEL LEVEL, ADD FUEL

 WARNING
When adding fuel, never let the fuel overflow. This may cause
a fire. If you spill fuel, thoroughly clean up any spillage.

1. Turn the engine starting switch to the ON position, then check

the fuel level with fuel gauge G.
After checking, return the starting switch to the OFF position.

2. Upon completion of work, add fuel through filler F until the fuel
tank is full.

For details of the method for opening and closing the cap, see
“11.4 CAP WITH LOCK”.

For details of the fuel to use, see “20. USE OF FUEL, COOLANT
AND LUBRICANTS ACCORDING TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURE”.

3. After adding fuel, tighten the cap securely.

Fuel capacity: WA20 25 ¬ (6.6 US gal, 5.5 UK gal)

WA30, 40, 50 42 ¬ (11.9 US gal, 9.2 UK gal)

2-21
12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

CHECK OIL LEVEL IN ENGINE OIL PAN, ADD OIL

1. Open the tilt hood at the rear of the machine.

2. Remove dipstick G and wipe the oil off with a cloth.

3. Insert dipstick G fully in the oil filler pipe, then take it out again.

4. The oil level should be between the H and L marks on dipstick

G.
If the oil level is below the L mark, add engine oil through oil filler
F.

For details of the oil to use, see “20. USE OF FUEL, COOLANT
AND LUBRICANTS ACCORDING TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURE”.

5. If the oil is above the H mark, drain the excess engine oil from
drain plug P, and check the oil level again.

6. If the oil level is correct, tighten the oil filler cap securely, then
tighten the tilt hood.
H

REMARK L

When checking the oil level after the engine has been operated, AD052340
wait for at least 15 minutes after stopping the engine before check-
ing.
If the machine is at an angle, make it horizontal before checking.

2-22
12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

CHECK PARKING BRAKE ALARM BUZZER

Check that the alarm buzzer sounds when the engine is stopped
with the parking brake not applied.

CHECK EFFECT OF PARKING BRAKE AND PEDAL STROKE

Depress the parking brake pedal and check that the parking brake
pilot lamp lights up after 1 – 2 notches and that the parking brake
pedal moves 4 – 7 notches when depressed fully.
If the above value is not correct, or if the braking effect is poor,
see “24.2 WHEN REQUIRED”.

CHECK TRAVEL OF PARKING BRAKE RELEASE LEVER

Depress the parking brake pedal 3 – 4 notches, then pull the
release lever and check that the parking brake pedal returns to its
original position.
The travel of the lever after the brake is released should be 35
– 50 mm (1.4 – 2 in).
If the above value is not correct, see “24.2 WHEN REQUIRED”.

CHECK EFFECT OF BRAKE AND PEDAL STROKE

The travel at the tip of the pedal should be 60 – 85 mm (2.4 – 3.4
in).
If the travel is not within the standard range, or the braking effect
is poor, see “24.2 WHEN REQUIRED”.

CHECK STEERING WHEEL PLAY AND OPERATION OF STEERING

The play at the outside circumference of the steering wheel
should be 20 – 40 mm (0.8 – 1.6 in).
If it is more than 40 mm (1.6 in) or the operation of the steering
is not smooth, please contact your Komatsu distributor for inspec-
tion.

2-23
12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

CHECK ELECTRIC WIRING

 WARNING
‡ If fuses are frequently blown or if there are traces of short
circuit on the electrical wiring, locate the cause and carry out
repair.
‡ Accumulation of flammable material (dead leaves, twigs,
grass, etc.) around the battery may cause fire, so always
check and remove such material.
‡ Keep the top surface of the battery clean and check the
breather hole in the battery cap. If it is clogged with dirt or
dust, wash the battery cap to clean the breather hole.

Check for damage of the fuse and any sign of disconnection or

short circuit in the electric wiring. Check also for loose terminals and
tighten any loose parts.
Check the following points carefully.
‡ Battery
‡ Starting motor
‡ Alternator

When carrying out walk-around checks or checks before starting,

always check if there is any accumulation of flammable material
around the battery, and remove such flammable material.

Please contact your Komatsu distributor for investigation and

correction of the cause.

2-24
12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

CHECK SOUND OF HORN

1. Turn the starting switch 1 to ON.

2. Check for sound of horn by pushing the horn switch 2.

CHECK FLASHING OF LAMPS, CHECK FOR DIRT OR DAMAGE

Check for lamps lighting.
1. Turn the starting switch 1 to ON.

2. Check for the function of lamp switch 2 at A, B and C

positions.
A: OFF
B: Tail lamps, panel box, side clearance lamps (option) and number
plate lamps (option) light up.
C: Head lamps light up in addition to lamps lighting up at position
B.

3. Check for lighting of the reverse lamps by positioning the

directional lever 3 in REVERSE.

Check for sound of buckup buzzer (option)

4. Check for lighting of brake lamps by depressing brake pedal 4.

Check for flashing of turn signal lamps.

1. Turn the starting switch 1 to ON.

2. Check for function of turn signal lever 2 at A and B positions.

A: Left turn signal lamps (front and rear) flashes.
B: Right turn signal lamps (front and rear) flashes.

2-25
12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

CHECK ENGINE EXHAUST COLOR AND SOUND

CHECK OPERATION OF GAUGES

CHECK DIRECTION OF REAR VIEW MIRROR, CHECK FOR DIRT OR

DAMAGE

2-26
12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

12.1.3 ADJUSTMENT BEFORE OPERATION

OPERATOR’S SEAT

 WARNING
‡ Park the machine in a safe place and stop the engine when
carrying out adjustment of the operator's seat.
‡ Adjust the seat before starting operations or when changing
operators.
‡ Check that you can depress the brake pedal fully with your
back against the seat backrest.

Forward-backward adjustment
Move lever 1 to the right, move the seat to the best position and
release the lever.
Fore-and-aft adjustment: 140 mm (5.5 in)
8 stages

ADJUST REAR VIEW MIRROR

Sit in the operator’s seat and adjust the rear view mirror so that
you can see properly to the rear.

2-27
12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

12.1.4 OPERATIONS AND CHECKS BEFORE STARTING

ENGINE
 WARNING
If the control levers are touched by accident, the work equip-
ment may move suddenly. When leaving the operator's com-
partment, always set the safety lock securely to the LOCK
position.

1. Check that parking brake pedal 1 is at the LOCK position.

2. Check that directional lever 2 is at the N position, and that it is

locked by safety lock 3.
When starting the engine, if directional lever 2 is not at the N
position, the engine will not start.

3. Lower the bucket to the ground, then check that work equipment
control lever 4 is locked by safety lock 5.

4. Insert the key in starting switch 6, turn the key to the ON

position, and check that the pilot lamp lights up.
AT OFF
HE
ON
START

AM090710

2-28
12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

12.2 STARTING ENGINE

12.2.1 NORMAL STARTING
 WARNING
Check that there are no persons or obstacles in the surrounding
area, then sound the horn and start the engine.

NOTICE
Do not keep the starting motor rotating continuously for more
than 20 seconds.
If the engine will not start, wait for at least 2 minutes before
trying to start the engine again.

1. Depress accelerator pedal 1 lightly.

2. Turn the key in starting switch 2 to the ON position.

AT OFF
HE
ON

START

AM090350

3. When engine is started, release the key of starting switch 2 and

the key will return automatically to ON.
AT OFF
HE
O
N
START

AM090360

2-29
12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

12.2.2 STARTING IN COLD WEATHER

 WARNING
‡ Check that there are no persons or obstacles in the surround-
ing area, then sound the horn and start the engine.

‡ Never use starting aid fluids as they may cause explosions.

NOTICE
Do not keep the starting motor rotating continuously for more
than 20 seconds.
If the engine fails to start, repeat from step 2 and after waiting
for about 2 minutes.

1. Hold the key in starting switch 1 at the HEAT position, and check
that preheating pilot lamp 2 lights up for 15 seconds.

The table shown below gives a guide to preheating time.

Coolant Temperature Preheating time
Above 0°C – OFF
AT
0°C to –10°C 15 seconds HE
–10°C to –20°C 30 seconds ON

The preheating time in cold areas changes according to the

START
water temperature when starting the engine.
AM090380

2. Depress accelerator pedal deeply.

3. When preheating pilot lamp 2 flashes, turn the key in starting

switch 1 to the START position to start the engine.
AT OFF
HE
ON
START

AM090390

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12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

4. When engine starts, release the key of starting switch 1. The key
will return automatically to the ON position.
AT OFF
HE
O
N
5. When the engine speed rises, depress accelerator pedal 3
lightly and hold it in position.

START
If the engine does not start, wait for 2 minutes, then repeat Steps AM090360
1, 2, and 3.

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12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

12.3 OPERATIONS AND CHECKS AFTER

STARTING ENGINE
 WARNING
‡ Emergency stop
If there has been any abnormal actuation or trouble, turn the
starting switch key to the OFF position.
‡ If the work equipment is operated without warming the
machine up sufficiently, the response of the work equipment
to the movement of the control lever will be slow, and the
work equipment may not move as the operator desires, so
always carry out the warming-up operation. Particularly in
cold areas, be sure to carry out the warming-up operation
fully.

NOTICE
‡ The most suitable temperature for the hydraulic oil is 50 – 80°C,
but in order to extend the life of the machine, the temperature
must be raised to at least 20°C before starting work.
‡ Do not suddenly operate the levers when the hydraulic oil
temperature is below 20°C
‡ Do not suddenly accelerate the engine before the warming-up
operation is completed.
Do not run the engine at low idling or high idling continuously
for more than 20 minutes.
If it is necessary to run the engine at idling, apply a load from
time to time or run the engine at a mid-range speed.

After starting the engine, do not immediately start operations.

First, carry out the following operations and checks.

1. Run the engine at low idling and check that engine oil pressure
caution lamp 1 is out.

2. Depress accelerator pedal 2 lightly and run the engine with no

load at midrange speed for about 5 minutes.

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12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

3. Operate work equipment control lever 3 slowly to move the

bucket cylinder and lift cylinder to the end of their stroke.

4. Operate the bucket and lift arm for 30 seconds each in turn.

5. After carrying out the warming-up operation, check that the

gauges and pilot lamps are normal.
If any abnormality is found, carry out repairs.
Operate the machine under light load until engine water tem-
perature gauge 4 and HST oil temperature gauge 5 are in the
white range.

6. Check that there is no abnormal exhaust gas color, noise, or

vibration.
If any abnormality is found, carry out repairs.

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12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

12.4 MOVING MACHINE OFF

 WARNING
When moving the machine off, check that the area around the
machine is safe, then sound the horn before starting.
Do not allow people near the machine.
There is a blind spot behind the machine, so be particularly
careful when traveling in reverse.

1. Check that caution pilot lamp 1 is not lighted up.

2. Set safety lock 3 of work equipment control lever 2 to the FREE

position.

3. Operate work equipment control lever 2 to raise the bucket 25

– 45 cm (10 – 18 in) from the ground, then tilt the bucket back.

4. Depress brake pedal 4, then pull parking brake release lever 5

back to release the parking brake.
If the parking brake is still locked, the machine will not move
even if the directional lever is operated. (It is equipped with a
mechanism to prevent the parking brake from dragging.)

2-34
12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

5. Set safety lock 6 of directional lever 7 to the FREE position,

then set directional lever 7 to the desired position.

6. Release brake pedal 4, then depress accelerator pedal 8 to

move the machine off.

REMARK
When starting on a slope, depress the left brake pedal, then
depress the accelerator pedal and slowly release the brake pedal to
allow the machine to start.

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12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

12.5 CHANGING DIRECTION

 WARNING
‡ When changing direction between FORWARD and REVERSE,
check that the new direction of travel is safe. There is a blind
spot behind the machine, so be particularly careful when
changing direction to travel in reverse.
‡ When traveling at high speed, do not switch between FOR-
WARD and REVERSE or from FORWARD or REVERSE to
neutral, or apply the brake suddenly except in emergencies.

To ensure safety and relieve the shock, reduce speed before

switching between FORWARD and REVERSE.
Place directional lever 1 in the desired position.

12.6 TURNING
 WARNING
‡ It is dangerous to turn the machine suddenly at high speed,
or to turn on steep hills.
‡ If the engine stops when the machine is traveling, the steer-
ing wheel becomes heavy, so do not stop the engine.
This is particularly dangerous on hills, so never stop the
engine when the machine is traveling.
If the engine stops, stop the machine immediately at a safe
place.

When traveling, use steering wheel 1 to turn the machine.

With this machine, the front frame is joined to the rear frame at
the center of the machine by the center pin. The front and rear
frames bend at this point, and the rear wheels follow in the same
track as the front wheels when turning. AE061860
Turn the steering wheel lightly to follow the machine as it turns.
When turning the steering wheel fully, do not turn it beyond the end
of the stroke.

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12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

12.7 STOPPING MACHINE

 WARNING
‡ Avoid stopping suddenly. Give yourself ample room when
stopping.
‡ Do not park the machine on slopes.
If the machine has to be parked on a slope, set it facing
directly down the slope, then dig the bucket into the ground
and put blocks under the tires to prevent the machine from
moving.
‡ If the control lever is touched by accident, the work equip-
ment or the machine may move suddenly, and this may lead
to a serious accident. Before leaving the operator’s compart-
ment, always set the safety lock lever securely to the LOCK
position.

NOTICE
Never use the parking brake pedal to brake the machine when
traveling except in an emergency. Apply the parking brake only
after the machine has stopped.

1. Release accelerator pedal 1, and depress brake pedals 2 to stop

the machine. The left and right brake pedals are interconnected,
so the machine can be stopped by pressing either of the brake
pedals.

2. Place directional lever 3 in N (neutral) and safety lock to the

LOCK position.

3. Depress parking brake pedal 4 to LOCK to apply the parking

brake.
Check that the parking brake pilot lamp has lighted up.

4. Release brake pedal 2.

2-37
12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

12.8 OPERATION OF WORK EQUIPMENT

Work equipment control lever 1 can be used to operate the lift
arm and bucket as follows.

LIFT ARM OPERATION

1 Raise ( J )
2 Hold ( N ): The lift arm is kept in the same position.
3 Lower ( M )
4 Float ( * ): The lift arm moves freely under external force.

NOTICE
Do not use the FLOAT position when lowering the bucket. Raise

Lower
AE061380

BUCKET OPERATION
A Tilt ( U )
B Dump ( & )

When the bucket has been operated to the DUMP position, if the
Tilt
control lever is pulled to the TILT position, it will be held at that
position and the bucket will continue to move.
When the bucket reaches the position set by the bucket positioner, Dump
the control lever is automatically returned to the HOLD position and
the bucket movement stops.
If the lift arm is lowered in this condition, the bucket will contact
the ground horizontally. If the bucket is not horizontal, adjust again. AE061360
For details, see “12.11 ADJUSTING WORK EQUIPMENT POSTURE”.

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12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

12.9 WORK POSSIBLE USING WHEEL LOADER

In addition to the following, it is possible to further increase the
range of applications by using various attachments.

12.9.1 DIGGING OPERATIONS

 WARNING
Always set the machine facing directly to the front when
carrying out digging or scooping operations. Never carry out
these operations with the machine articulated.

NOTICE
If the tires slip, the tire life will be reduced, so do not allow the
tires to slip during operation.

‡ Scoop up the piled soil by moving the machine forward as

shown below. If the tires begin slipping under heavy load, raise
the bucket slightly to reduce the load.

1. Force the bucket into the pile of soil while moving the machine
forward.

2. After the bucket has fully penetrated into the soil, place the work
equipment control lever in raise position while moving the
machine forward. Move the work equipment control lever to tilt
position from time to time until the bucket is filled with soil.

Try to keep the load in the center of the bucket; if the load is on
one side of the bucket, the load will be unbalanced.

3. When it is difficult for the bucket to penetrate into the piled soil,
move the work equipment control lever left and right to move
the bucket teeth up and down.

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12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

‡ When digging and loading on level ground, set the bucket edge
facing down slightly as follows and drive the machine forward.
Always be careful not to load the bucket on one side and cause
an unbalanced load.
A suitable depth for each digging pass is 5 – 10 cm (2 – 4 in).

1. Set the edge of the bucket facing slightly down.

2. Drive the machine forward and operate the work equipment

control lever forward to cut a thin layer of the surface each time
when excavating the soil.

3. Operate the work equipment control lever slightly up and down

to reduce the resistance when driving the machine forward.

When digging with the bucket, avoid imposing the digging force
onto only one side of the bucket.

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12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

12.9.2 LEVELING OPERATIONS

NOTICE
Always operate the machine in reverse when carrying out
leveling operations.
If it is necessary to carry out leveling operations when traveling
forward, do not set the bucket dumping angle to more than 20°.
AE061970
1. Scoop soil into the bucket. Move the machine backward while
spreading soil from the bucket little by little.

2. Go over the spread soil with the bucket teeth touching the
ground and level the ground by back-dragging.

3. Scoop some more soil into the bucket, put the lift arm in float,
level the bucket at ground level, and smooth the ground by
moving backward.

12.9.3 PUSHING OPERATIONS

NOTICE
Never set the bucket to the DUMP position when carrying out
pushing operation.

1. When carrying out pushing operations, set the bottom of the

bucket parallel to the ground surface.

12.9.4 LOAD AND CARRY OPERATIONS

 WARNING
When carrying a load, lower the bucket to lower the center of
gravity when traveling.

The load and carry method for wheel loaders consists of a cycle
of scooping → hauling → loading (into a hopper, glory hole, etc.)
AE061980
Always keep the travel path properly maintained.
When using the load and carry method, see “12.17 HANDLING
TIRES”.

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12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

12.9.5 LOADING OPERATIONS

Select the method of operation which will give the minimum
amount of turning and travel in order to provide the most efficient
method for the jobsite.

 WARNING
‡ Always keep the working area flat. Do not turn suddenly or
apply the brake suddenly when traveling with a raised load.
These actions are dangerous.
‡ It is also dangerous to drive the bucket at high speed into a
stockpile or pile of rocks.

NOTICE
‡ If the tires slip, the tire life will be reduced, so do not allow the
tires to slip during operation.
‡ Avoid excessive shaking of the bucket.

CROSS DRIVE LOADING

Always set the wheel loader facing at a right angle to the
stockpile. After digging in and scooping up the load, drive the
machine straight back in reverse, then bring the dump truck in
between the stock pile and the wheel loader.
This method requires the least time for loading, and is extremely
effective in reducing the cycle time.

AE061990

V-SHAPE LOADING
Position the dump truck so that the direction of approach of the
wheel loader is approx. 60° from the direction of approach to the
stockpile. After loading the bucket, drive the wheel loader in reverse,
then turn it to face the dump truck and travel forward to load the
dump truck.
The smaller the turning angle of the wheel loader is, the more
efficient the operation becomes.
AE062000
When loading a full bucket and raising it to the maximum height,
first shake the bucket to stabilize the load before raising the bucket.
This will prevent the load from spilling to the rear.

Precautions when piling up loads

When forming products into a pile, be careful not to let the rear
counterweight come into contact with the ground.
Do not set the bucket to the DUMP position when carrying out
piling-up operations.
AE062010

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12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

12.10 PRECAUTIONS FOR OPERATION

12.10.1 PERMISSIBLE WATER DEPTH Axle housing
When working in water or on swampy ground, do not let the
water come above the bottom of the axle housing.
After finishing the operation, wash and check the lubricating
points.

12.10.2 IF WHEEL BRAKE DOES NOT WORK AE064240

If the machine is not stopped by depressing the brake pedal, use
the parking brake to stop the machine.

NOTICE
If the parking brake has been used as an emergency brake,
contact your Komatsu distributor to have the parking brake checked
for any abnormality.

12.10.3 PRECAUTIONS WHEN DRIVING UP OR DOWN

SLOPES
LOWER THE CENTER OF GRAVITY WHEN TURNING.
When turning on slopes, lower the work equipment to lower the
center of gravity before turning. It is dangerous to turn the machine
with the work equipment raised.

BRAKING ON DOWNHILL SLOPES

If the foot brake is used too frequently when traveling downhill,
the brake may overheat and be damaged. To avoid this problem,
operate the accelerator pedal and make full use of the braking force
of the engine.

IF ENGINE STOPS
If the engine stops on a slope, depress the brake pedal immedi-
ately, lower the work equipment to the ground, then depress the
parking brake pedal fully to hold the machine.
Return the directional lever to the N position and start the engine
again.
When the engine stops with the parking brake released, the
alarm buzzer will sound; when the parking brake is applied, the
buzzer will stop.
If the machine must be stopped on a slope, depress the parking
brake pedal fully and put blocks under the tires.
Lower the bucket to the ground and dig the teeth in for increased
safety.
Even when the parking brake is not applied, the machine will
appear to be stopped. However, the oil may leak out gradually and
allow the machine to start moving, so always be sure to apply the
parking brake securely.

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12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

12.10.4 PRECAUTIONS WHEN DRIVING MACHINE

When the machine travels at high speed for a long distance, the
tires become extremely hot. This causes early wear of the tires, so
it should be avoided as far as possible. If the machine must be driven
for a long distance, take the following precautions.
‡ Follow the regulations related to this machine, and drive care-
fully.
‡ Before driving the machine, carry out the checks before starting.
‡ The most suitable tire pressure, travel speed, or tire type differ
according to the condition of the travel surface. Contact your
Komatsu distributor or tire dealer for information.
‡ The following is a guide to suitable tire pressures and speeds
when traveling on a paved surface with standard tires.

WA20 WA30 WA40, 50

Air pressure All wheels All wheels All wheels
MPa (kgf/cm2) 0.18 (1.8) 0.2 (2.0) 0.18 (1.8)

‡ Check the tire pressure before starting, when the tire is cool.
‡ After traveling for 1 hour, stop for 30 minutes. Check the tires
and other parts for damage; also check the oil and coolant levels.
‡ Always travel with the bucket empty.

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12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

12.11 ADJUSTING WORK EQUIPMENT POSTURE

 WARNING
‡ Stop the machine on flat ground and put blocks in front and
behind the wheels.
‡ Apply the parking brake.
‡ Secure the front and rear frames with the safety bar.
‡ Do not go under the work equipment when the arm is raised.

The boom kickout makes it possible to set the bucket so that it

automatically stops at the desired lifting height (lift arm higher than
horizontal) and the bucket positioner makes it possible to set the
bucket so that it automatically stops at the desired digging angle.
The setting can be adjusted to match the working conditions.

12.11.1 ADJUSTING BUCKET POSITIONER

(WA30, 40, 50)
1. Lower the bucket to the ground and adjust the bucket to the
desired digging angle. Set the work equipment control lever at
HOLD, stop the engine and adjust as follows.

2. Loosen two bolts 1 and adjust mounting bracket 4 of the

proximity switch so that the rear tip of bar 2 is in line with the
center of the sensing surface of proximity switch 3. Then tighten
the bolts to hold the bracket in position.

3. Loosen 2 nuts 5 and adjust so that the clearance between the

sensing surface of proximity switch 3 and bar 2 is within a
range of 3 – 5 mm (0.12 – 0.20 in), then secure in position.

4. Adjust the proximity switch so that dimension a at the end of

proximity switch mounting bracket 4 and the sensing surface of
proximity switch 3 is at least 1 mm (0.04 in), then secure in
position.

Tightening torque: 17.2 ± 2.5 N•m (1.75 ± 0.25 kgf•m, 12.7 ± 1.8 lbft)

5. After adjusting, start the engine and raise the lift arm. Operate
the work equipment control lever to the DUMP position, then
operate it to the TILT position and check that the work equipment
control lever is automatically returned to HOLD when the bucket
reaches the desired angle.

12.11.2 BUCKET LEVEL INDICATOR

A and B at the top rear of the bucket are the level indicators,
so the bucket angle can be checked during operations.
A: Parallel with cutting edge
B: 90° to cutting edge

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12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

12.12 PARKING MACHINE

 WARNING
‡ Avoid stopping suddenly. Give yourself ample room when
stopping.
‡ Do not park the machine on slopes.
If the machine has to be parked on a slope, set it facing directly
down the slope, then dig the bucket into the ground and put
blocks under the tires to prevent the machine from moving.
‡ If the control lever is touched by accident, the work equipment
or the machine may move suddenly, and this may lead to a
serious accident. Before leaving the operator’s compartment,
always set the safety lock lever securely to the LOCK position.

NOTICE
Never use the parking brake lever to brake the machine when
traveling except in an emergency. Apply the parking brake only
after the machine has stopped.

1. Release accelerator pedal 1, and depress brake pedals 2 to stop

the machine. The left and right brake pedals are interconnected,
so the machine can be stopped by pressing either of the brake
pedals.

2. Place directional lever 3 in N (neutral).

3. Depress parking brake pedal 4 to LOCK to apply the parking

brake.
Check that the parking brake pilot lamp has lighted up.

4. Lock directional lever 3 with safety lock 5.

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12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

5. Release brake pedal 2.

6. Operate work equipment control lever 6 to lower the bucket to

the ground.

7. Lock work equipment control lever 6 with safety lock 7.

12.13 CHECKS AFTER COMPLETION OF

OPERATION
Check the engine water temperature, engine oil pressure, HST oil
temperature, and fuel level with the meter and lamps.
If the engine has overheated, do not stop it suddenly. Run the
engine at a midrange speed to allow the engine to cool down before
stopping it.

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12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

12.14 STOPPING ENGINE

NOTICE
If the engine is abruptly stopped before it has cooled down,
engine life may be greatly shortened. Consequently, do not abruptly
stop the engine apart from an emergency.
In particular, if the engine has overheated, do not abruptly stop
it but run it at medium speed to allow it to cool gradually, then stop
it.

1. Run the engine at low idling speed for about 5 minutes to allow
it to gradually cool down.

2. Turn the key in starting switch 1 to the OFF position and stop
the engine.
AT OFF
HE
3. Remove the key from starting switch 1. ON

START
AM089160

12.15 CHECK AFTER STOPPING ENGINE

1. Walk around the machine and check the work equipment, body
work, and undercarriage, and check also for leakage of oil and
water. If any leakage or abnormality is found, carry out repairs.

2. Fill the fuel tank.

3. Remove any waste paper or dead leaves from inside the engine
room. These may cause a fire.

4. Remove any mud stuck to the undercarriage.

12.16 LOCKING
Always lock the following places.
1 Fuel tank filler cap

REMARK
The starting switch key is used also for lock 1.

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12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

12.17 HANDLING THE TIRES

12.17.1 PRECAUTIONS WHEN HANDLING TIRES
 CAUTION
If a tire has reached any of the following service limits, there is
danger that the tire may burst or cause an accident, so to ensure
safety, replace it with a new tire.
‡ Service limits for wear
fi When the remaining depth of the groove on construction
equipment tires (at a point approx. 1/4 of the tread width)
is 15% of the groove depth on a new tire.
fi When the tire shows marked uneven wear, stepped wear
or other abnormal wear, or when the cord layer is exposed.
‡ Service limits for damage
fi When there is external damage extending to the cord or
when the cord is broken
fi When the cord is cut or there is dragging
fi When the tire is peeling (there is separation)
fi When the bead is damaged
fi For tubeless tires, when there is air leakage or improper
repair

Please contact your Komatsu distributor when replacing the

tires. It is dangerous to jack up the machine without taking due care.

12.17.2 TIRE PRESSURE

Measure the tire pressure before starting operations, when the
tires are cool.
If the tire inflation pressure is too low, there will be overload; if
it is too high, it will cause tire cuts and shock burst. To prevent these
problems, adjust the tire inflation pressure according to the table
below.

WA20 WA30 WA40, 50

Air pressure
0.18 (1.8) 0.2 (2.0) 0.18 (1.8)
MPa (kgf/cm2)

If the deflection of the tire is excessive, raise the inflation

pressure within the limits given in the table below to give a suitable
deflection.

WA20 WA30 WA40, 50

Air pressure 0.20 – 0.22 0.22 – 0.24 0.20 – 0.22
MPa (kgf/cm2) (2.0 – 2.2) (2.2 – 2.4) (2.0 – 2.2)

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12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

H–h
Deflection ratio = x 100
H
As a guideline that can be checked visibly, the deflection ratio of
the front tire (deflection/free height) is as follows.
When carrying normal load (lift arm horizontal): Approx. 15 – 25%
When digging (rear wheels off ground): Approx. 25 – 35%

When checking the tire inflation pressure, check also for small
scratches or peeling of the tire, for nails or pieces of metal which
may cause punctures, and for any abnormal wear.

Clearing fallen stones and rocks from the operating area and
maintaining the surface will extend the tire life and give improved
economy.

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12. OPERATION 12. OPERATION

12.17.3 REPLACING TIRES

REMOVING TIRES
1. Lower the work equipment to the ground and apply the parking
brake.

2. Loosen all wheel hub bolts 1 one turn.

3. Jack up the machine.

4. Remove wheel hub bolts 1, then replace the tire.

INSTALLING TIRE
1. Coat the wheel hub bolts and tap holes with oil.

2. With the tire jacked up off the ground, tighten the wheel hub
bolts lightly in the order shown in the diagram on the right.

3. After tightening the wheel hub bolts partially, lower the machine
to the ground, then tighten to the specified torque.

WA20 WA30, 40, 50

Tightening torque 168 ± 15 441 ± 49
N•m (kgf•m) (17 ± 1.5) (45 ± 5)

DIRECTION FOR INSTALLING TIRE

The tire tread has a lug shape (to provide strong rimpull and (Correct) (Incorrect)
flotation even on soft ground), so be careful to install with the tread
pattern facing in the correct direction.

Front

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13. TRANSPORTATION

When transporting the machine, observe all related laws and

regulations, and be careful to assure safety.

13.1 LOADING, UNLOADING WORK

 WARNING
‡ Make sure the ramp has sufficient width, length and thick-
ness to enable the machine to be safely loaded and unloaded.
‡ When loading and unloading the machine, park the trailer on
a flat firm roadbed. Keep a fairly long distance between the
road shoulder and the machine.
‡ Remove the mud from the undercarriage to prevent the
machine from slipping to the side on slopes.
Be sure the ramp surface is clean and free of grease, oil, ice
and loose materials.
‡ Never change the direction of travel when on the ramps. If it
is necessary to change direction, drive off the ramps and
correct the direction, then drive on to the ramps again.

When loading or unloading, always use ramps or a platform and

carry out the operations as follows.

1. Properly apply the brakes on the trailer and insert blocks beneath
the tires to ensure that it does not move. Then fix the ramps in
line with the centers of the trailer and the machine. Be sure that
the two sides are at the same level as one another. Ramp
If the lamp sags appreciably, reinforce it with blocks, etc.

Blocks
Max. 15° Block
Distance between ramps A0060841

2. Determine the direction of the ramp, then slowly load or unload

the machine.

3. Correctly load the machine onto the specified part of the trailer.

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13. TRANSPORTATION 13. TRANSPORTATION

13.2 PRECAUTIONS FOR LOADING

After loading the machine in the specified position, secure it in
place as follows.
1. Lower the work equipment slowly.

2. Apply the safety lock to lock all the control levers securely.

3. Turn the starting switch to the OFF position and stop the engine.
Remove the key from the starting switch.

4. Lock front frame and rear frame with safety bar.

5. Put blocks in front and behind the wheels, and secure the
machine with chains or wire rope to prevent the machine from
moving during transportation.

13.3 LIFTING MACHINE

 DANGER
‡ When lifting the machine, check that the wire rope is fitted
correctly. If it is not fitted correctly, there is danger that the
machine may fall and cause serious injury or death.
Raise the machine 100 – 200 mm (4 – 8 in) from the ground,
then stop and check that the machine is horizontal and that
there is no looseness in the wire cable.
‡ Before lifting the machine, always stop the engine, apply the
parking brake, and lock the frames with the safety bar to
prevent the front frame from turning.
‡ When lifting, check that there is no looseness in counter-
weight mounting bolts 1. Tighten any loose bolts.

WA20, 30, 40 WA50

Bolt 2 4
Tightening torque 490 – 608N•m (50 – 62 kgf•m)

 WARNING
‡ Never raise the machine with any worker on it.
‡ Always make sure that the wire rope used for lifting the
machine is of ample strength for the weight of the machine.
‡ Never try to lift the machine in any posture other than the
posture given in the procedure below.
There is danger that the machine may lose its balance.
‡ When lifting the machine, be careful of the position of the
center of gravity and always maintain the balance.

NOTICE
‡ For weight, see “25. SPECIFICATIONS”.
‡ Specifications value indicates the standard specifications.
When installing the attachment, or optional equipment, lifting
method has been changed; consult Komatsu or your Komatsu
distributor for details.

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13. TRANSPORTATION 13. TRANSPORTATION

13.4.1 POSITION FOR ATTACHING HOOK MARK LABELS

For details of the machine weight, see “25. SPECIFICATIONS”.

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13. TRANSPORTATION 13. TRANSPORTATION

13.4.2 METHOD OF LIFTING MACHINE

The machine can be lifted only if it has hook mark labels.
When lifting the machine, stop the machine on level ground and do
as follows.

1. Start the engine, set the machine horizontal, then set the work
equipment to the travel posture (see “12.4 STARTING MA-
CHINE”).

2. Apply the safety lock to the work equipment control lever.

3. Depress the parking brake pedal fully to apply the parking brake.

4. Stop the engine, check that the area around the operator’s
compartment is safe, then lock the frame with the safety bar so
that the front and rear frames do not bend.

5. Fit the lifting equipment to the following 3 places (places with

hook mark) : left and right front axle, and towing pin.

6. When the machine comes off the ground, stop lifting and check
carefully that the machine is balanced, then lift slowly.

 CAUTION
When lifting the machine, check that there is no leakage of oil
from the hydraulic circuits.

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13. TRANSPORTATION 13. TRANSPORTATION

13.4 PRECAUTIONS FOR TRANSPORTATION

 WARNING
Determine the route for transporting the machine by taking into
account the width, height and weight of the machine.

Obey all state and local laws governing the weight, width and
length of a load. Observe all regulations governing wide loads.

13.5 REMOVING AND INSTALLATION OF

CANOPY
 WARNING
Precautions for removal and installation
When removing or installing the canopy, observe the following
precautions and take steps to ensure safety during the opera-
tion.
‡ Carry out the removal and installation operation on hard level
ground.
‡ When carrying out the operation with two or more workers,
decide signals and always follow these signals during the
operation.
‡ Weight of parts: Pole 9 kg (18 lb) (each), roof 15 kg (30 lb)
‡ When removing parts, always check that the parts are prop-
erly supported before starting to remove.
‡ When parts have been removed or when they are to be
installed, set them in a stable position so that they will not
fall over.
‡ When installing the canopy, tighten the canopy mounting
bolts securely. If the bolts are loose, there is danger that the
canopy may fall off.

REMOVING
1 Support roof 1 to prevent it from tipping or falling.

2 Remove 4 roof mounting bolts 2, then remove roof 1.

Roof weight: 15 kg (30 lb)

3. Secure pole 3 so that it does not fall, then remove 4 pole

mounting bolts 4 and remove pole 3.

Pole weight: 9 kg (18 lb)

4. Remove pole 5 in the same way as pole 3.

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13. TRANSPORTATION 13. TRANSPORTATION

INSTALLATION
1. Install pole 1 with 8 bolts 2 and 8 washers.

Tightening torque: 59 to 74 N•m (6 to 7.5 kgf•m)

Pole weight: 9 kg (18 lb)

2. Install roof 4 with 4 bolts 5 and 4 washers.

Tightening torque: 59 to 74 N•m (6 to 7.5 kgf•m)

Roof weight: 15 kg (30 lb)

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14. COLD WEATHER OPERATION

14.1 PRECAUTIONS FOR LOW TEMPERATURE

If the temperature becomes low, it becomes difficult to start the
engine, and the coolant may freeze, so do as follows.

14.1.1 FUEL AND LUBRICANTS

Change to fuel and oil with low viscosity for all components. For
details of the specified viscosity, see “20. USE OF FUEL, COOLANT
AND LUBRICANTS ACCORDING TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURE”.

14.1.2 COOLANT
 WARNING
Keep antifreeze fluid away from an open flame. Never smoke
when using antifreeze.

NOTICE
‡ Never use methanol, ethanol or propanol based antifreeze.
‡ Absolutely avoid using any water leak preventing agent irre-
spective of whether it is used independently or mixed with an
antifreeze.
‡ Do not mix one antifreeze with a different brand.

For details of the antifreeze mixture when changing the coolant,

see “24.2 WHEN REQUIRED”.
Use a Permanent Antifreeze (ethylene glycol mixed with corro-
sion inhibitor, antifoam agent, etc.) meeting the standard require-
ments as shown below. With permanent antifreeze, no change of
coolant is required for a year. If it is doubtful that an available
antifreeze meets the standard requirements, ask the supplier of that
antifreeze for information.
Standard requirements for permanent antifreeze
‡ SAE ........................................................................................ J1034
‡ FEDERAL STANDARD .................................................... O-A-548D

REMARK
Where no permanent antifreeze is available, an ethylene glycol
antifreeze without corrosion inhibitor may be used only for the cold
season. In this case, clean the cooling system twice a year (in spring
and autumn). When refilling the cooling system, add antifreeze in
autumn, but do not add any in spring.

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14. COLD WEATHER OPERATION 14. COLD WEATHER OPERATION

14.1.3 BATTERY
 WARNING
‡ To avoid gas explosions, do not bring fire or sparks near the
battery.

‡ Battery electrolyte is dangerous. If it gets in your eyes or on

your skin, wash it off with large amounts of water, and
consult a doctor.

When the ambient temperature drops, the capacity of the battery

will also drop. If the battery charge ratio is low, the battery electro-
lyte may freeze. Maintain the battery charge as close as possible to
100%, and insulate it against cold temperature so that the machine
can be started easily the next morning.

REMARK
Measure the specific gravity and calculate the rate of charge
from the following conversion table.

Temp.
of fluid
20°C 0°C –10°C –20°C –30°C
Rate of
charge

100% 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32

90% 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.29 1.30
80% 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28
75% 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27

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14. COLD WEATHER OPERATION 14. COLD WEATHER OPERATION

14.2 PRECAUTIONS AFTER COMPLETION OF

WORK
To prevent mud, water, or the undercarriage from freezing and
making it impossible for the machine to move on the following
morning, always observe the following precautions.
‡ Mud and water on the machine body should be completely
removed.
This is to prevent damage to the seal caused by water in mud
or dirt getting inside the seal and freezing.

‡ Park the machine on hard, dry ground.

If this is impossible, park the machine on wooden boards.
The boards help protect the tracks from being frozen in the soil
and the machine can start next morning.

‡ Open the drain valve and drain any water collected in the fuel
system to prevent it from freezing.

‡ As the battery capacity drops markedly in low temperatures,

cover the battery or remove it from the machine, keep it in a
warm place, and install it again the next morning.

14.3 AFTER COLD WEATHER

When season changes and the weather becomes warmer, do as
follows.
‡ Replace the fuel and oil for all parts with oil of the viscosity
specified.
For details, see “20. USE OF FUEL, COOLANT AND LUBRICANTS
ACCORDING TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURE”.

‡ If for any reason permanent antifreeze cannot be used, and an

ethyl glycol base antifreeze (winter, one season type) is used
instead, or if no antifreeze is used, drain the cooling system
completely, then clean out the inside of the cooling system
thoroughly, and fill with fresh water.

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15. LONG-TERM STORAGE

15.1 BEFORE STORAGE

When putting the machine in storage for a long time, do as
follows.
‡ After every part is washed and dried, house the machine in a dry
building. Never leave it outdoors.
If the machine must be left outdoors, park it on well-drained
concrete and cover it with canvas, etc.

‡ Completely fill the fuel tank, lubricate, and change the oil before
storage.

‡ Apply a thin coat of grease to the metal surface of the hydraulic

piston rods.

‡ Disconnect the negative terminals of the battery and cover it, or

remove it from the machine and store it separately.

‡ If the ambient temperature is expected to drop below 0°C,

always add antifreeze to the cooling water.

‡ Apply the safety locks to the work equipment control lever and
directional lever, then apply the parking brake.

15.2 DURING STORAGE

 WARNING
If it is unavoidably necessary to carry out the rust-prevention
operation while the machine is indoors, open the doors and
windows to improve ventilation and prevent gas poisoning.

Operate the engine and move the machine for a short distance
once a month so that a new film of oil will be coated over movable
parts and component surfaces. At the same time, also charge the
battery.
Before operating the work equipment, wipe off the grease on the
hydraulic piston rod.

15.3 AFTER STORAGE

NOTICE
If the machine is stored without carrying out the monthly rust
prevention operation, request your Komatsu distributor for service.

Carry out the following procedure when taking the machine out
of long-term storage.

‡ Wipe off the grease from the hydraulic cylinder rods.

‡ Add oil and grease to all places.

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16. TROUBLESHOOTING

16.1 WHEN MACHINE RUNS OUT OF FUEL

 WARNING
The engine will start, so check carefully that the area around the
engine is safe before cranking the engine.

If the machine has run out of fuel, add fuel and then bleed the
air from the fuel system before starting the engine.

PROCEDURE FOR BLEEDING AIR

Turn the key in the starting switch to the START position and
crank the engine for 15 – 20 seconds. Repeat this procedure 3 – 4
times to bleed the air.

Do not turn the starting motor continuously for more than 20

seconds. Wait for 2 minutes before turning the starting motor again.

The air can be bled more quickly if the fuel tank is completely
filled with fuel.

The air can be bled by hand-moving feed pump lever 1 up and

down.

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16. TROUBLESHOOTING 16. TROUBLESHOOTING

16.2 TOWING THE MACHINE

 WARNING
‡ If the machine that has broken down is towed in the wrong
way, it may lead to serious injury or damage.
‡ If there is a failure in the brake line, the brakes cannot be
used, so be extremely careful when towing.

NOTICE
‡ Towing is for moving the machine to a place where inspection
and maintenance can be carried out, and not for moving it long
distances.
The machine must not be towed for long distances.
‡ For details of the procedure for towing a machine when it has
broken down, please contact your Komatsu distributor.

This machine must not be towed except in emergencies. When

towing the machine, take the following precautions.

‡ When releasing the brakes, put blocks under the wheels to

prevent the machine from moving. If the wheels are not blocked,
the machine may suddenly move.

‡ When towing a machine, tow it at a low speed of less than 2 km/

h (1.24 MPH), and for a distance of a few meters to a place where
repairs can be carried out. The machine should be towed only
in emergencies.
If the machine must be moved long distances, use a transporter.

‡ Fit a guard plate to the machine being towed to protect the

operator if the tow rope or bar should break.

‡ If the steering and brake of the machine being towed cannot be

operated, do not let anyone sit on the machine.

‡ Check that the tow rope or bar is of ample strength for the weight
of the machine being towed. If the machine being towed must
travel through mud or up hills, use a tow rope or bar of a
strength of at least 1.5 times the weight of the machine being
towed.

2-63
16. TROUBLESHOOTING 16. TROUBLESHOOTING

‡ Keep the angle of the tow rope as small as possible. Keep the
angle between the center lines of the two machines to within 30°.

‡ If the machine is moved suddenly, an excessive load will be

applied to the tow rope or bar, and it may break. Always move
the machine slowly at a fixed speed.

‡ The towing machine should normally be of the same class as the

machine being towed. Check that the towing machine has ample
braking power, weight, and rimpull to allow it to control both
machine on slopes or on the tow road.

‡ When towing a machine downhill, use a larger machine for

towing to provide ample rimpull and braking power, or connect
another machine to the rear of the machine being towed. In this
way it is possible to prevent the machine from losing control and
turning over.

‡ Towing may be carried out under various differing conditions, so

it is impossible to determine beforehand the requirements for
towing. Towing on flat horizontal roads will require the mini-
mum rimpull, while towing on slopes or on uneven road sur-
faces will require the maximum rimpull.

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16. TROUBLESHOOTING 16. TROUBLESHOOTING

16.2.1 WHEN ENGINE CAN BE USED

‡ If the transmission and steering wheel can be operated, and the
engine is running, it is possible to tow the machine out of mud
or to move it for a short distance to the edge of the road.

‡ The operator should sit on the machine being towed and operate
the steering in the direction that the machine is towed.

16.2.2 WHEN ENGINE CANNOT BE USED

‡ The steering cannot be operated, so remove the steering cylin-
der.

‡ Tow the machine slowly at a maximum speed of 2 km/h.

‡ The following two methods can be used when towing the

machine after the engine has stopped. Select the method which
is best suited for the condition of the machine.

fi When removing drive shaft

The HST motor is not actuated, so remove the front and rear
drive shafts.

fi When short circuiting main HST circuit

In this case, it is always necessary to readjust the high
pressure safety valve, so please contact your Komatsu dis-
tributor.

(1) Remove the floor mat and plate, and check the location
of the 2 HST pump high-pressure safety valves.

(2) Remove cap nut 1 from the high-pressure safety valve,

then loosen locknut 2 and turn adjustment screw 3 5
turns counterclockwise.
Loosen both high-pressure safety valves.

‡ Be sure to connect the machine up securely for towing. When

carrying out towing operations, use two machines of at least the
same class as the machine being towed. Connect one machine
each to the front and rear of the machine being towed, release
the parking brake on the machine being towed, then remove the
blocks from under the tires and tow the machine.

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16. TROUBLESHOOTING 16. TROUBLESHOOTING

16.3 IF BATTERY IS DISCHARGED

 WARNING
‡ When checking or handling the battery, stop the engine and
turn the starting switch key to the OFF position before
starting.

‡ Before starting the engine, use a damp cloth to wipe off the
dust accumulated on the top surface of the battery.

‡ The battery generates hydrogen gas, so there is danger of

explosion. Do not bring lighted cigarettes near the battery, or
do anything that will cause sparks.

‡ Battery electrolyte is dilute sulphuric acid, and it will attack

your clothes and skin. If it gets on your clothes or on your
skin, wash it immediately off with large amounts of water. If
it gets in your eyes, wash it out with fresh water, and consult
a doctor. When
removing, q w
disconnect
‡ When handling battery, always wear protective goggles. the cable
from the
ground
terminal first.
‡ When removing the battery, first disconnect the cable from
the ground (normally, from the negative . terminal). When
installing, install the positive + terminal first. If a tool touches
the cable connecting the positive terminal and the chassis, AE072980
there is danger that it will cause sparks.
When
‡ If the terminals are loose, there is danger that the defective installing,
connect
w q
contact may generate sparks that will cause an explosion. the cable to
the positive
When installing the terminals, install them tightly. + terminal
first.

‡ When removing or installing, check which is the positive +

terminal and negative . terminal.
AE072981

16.3.1 REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION OF BATTERY

When starting the engine with a booster cable, do as follows:
‡ When removing battery, first disconnect the cable from the
ground (normally, from the negative . terminal). If a tool
touches a cable connecting the positive terminal and the chassis,
there is danger of sparks being emitted.
‡ When installing battery, the ground cable should be connected
to the ground terminal as the last step.

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16. TROUBLESHOOTING 16. TROUBLESHOOTING

16.3.2 PRECAUTIONS FOR CHARGING BATTERY

CHARGING BATTERY WHEN MOUNTED ON MACHINE
‡ Before charging, disconnect the cable from the negative .
terminal of the battery. Otherwise, an unusually high voltage will
damage the alternator.

‡ While charging the battery, remove all battery plugs for satisfac-
tory ventilation.
To avoid gas explosions, do not bring fire or sparks near the
battery.

‡ If the electrolyte temperature exceeds 45°C, stop charging for a

while.

‡ Turn off the charger as soon as the battery is charged.

Overcharging the battery may cause the following:
1) Overheating the battery
2) Decreasing the quantity of electrolyte.
3) Damaging the electrode plate.

‡ Do not mix the cables (positive + to negative . or negative .

to positive +), as it will damage the alternator.

‡ When performing any service to the battery besides checking the

electrolyte lever or measuring the specific gravity, disconnect
cables from the battery.

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16. TROUBLESHOOTING 16. TROUBLESHOOTING

16.3.3 STARTING ENGINE WITH BOOSTER CABLE

When starting the engine with a booster cable, do as follows:

PRECAUTIONS WHEN CONNECTING AND DISCONNECTING

BOOSTER CABLE

 WARNING
INCORRECT
‡ When connecting the cables, never contact the positive +
and negative . terminals.

‡ When starting the engine with a booster cable, always wear

safety glasses.

‡ Be careful not to let the normal machine and problem ma- A0067322
chine contact each other. This prevents sparks from generat-
ing near the battery which could ignite the hydrogen gas
given off by the battery. If hydrogen gas explodes, it could
cause serious injury.

‡ Make sure that there is no mistake in the booster cable

connections. The final connection is to the engine block of the
problem machine, but sparks will be generated when this is
done, so connect to a place as far as possible from the
battery.

‡ Use care when removing the cables from the machine that
has been started. Do not allow the cable ends to contact each
other or the machine, to avoid hydrogen explosion.

NOTICE
‡ The size of the booster cable and clip should be suitable for the
battery size.

‡ The battery of the normal machine must be the same capacity

as that of the engine to be started.

‡ Check the cables and clips for damage or corrosion.

‡ Make sure that the cables and clips are firmly connected.

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16. TROUBLESHOOTING 16. TROUBLESHOOTING

Connecting the booster cables

Keep the starting switch at the OFF position.
Connect the booster cable as follows, in the order of the num-
bers marked in the diagram.
1. Make sure that the starting switches of the normal machine and Battery of normal Battery of problem
machine machine
problem machine are both at the OFF position.

2. Connect one clip of booster cable A to the positive + terminal Engine block of problem machine
AL068690
of the problem machine.

3. Connect the other clip of booster cable A to the positive +

terminal of the normal machine.

4. Connect one clip of booster cable B to the negative . terminal

of the normal machine.

5. Connect the other clip of booster cable B to the engine block of

the problem machine.

Starting the engine

1. Make sure the clips are firmly connected to the battery terminals.

2. Start the engine of the normal machine and keep it to run at high
idling speed.

3. Turn the starting switch of the problem machine to the START

position and start the engine. If the engine doesn’t start at first,
try again after 2 minutes or so.

Disconnecting the booster cables

After the engine has started, disconnect the booster cables in the
reverse of the order in which they were connected.

1. Remove one clip of booster cable B from the engine block of the Battery of normal Battery of problem
problem machine. machine machine

2. Remove the other clip of booster cable B from the negative . Engine block problem machine
AL068700
terminal of the normal machine.

3. Remove one clip of booster cable A from the positive + terminal

of the normal machine.

4. Remove the other clip of booster cable A from the positive +

terminal of the problem machine.

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16. TROUBLESHOOTING 16. TROUBLESHOOTING

16.4 OTHER TROUBLE

16.4.1 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
‡ ( ): Always contact your Komatsu distributor when dealing with these items.
‡ In cases of abnormalities or causes which are not listed below, please contact your Komatsu
distributor for repairs.

Problem Main causes Remedy

Lamp does not glow brightly even ‡ Defective wiring (‡ Check, repair loose terminals,
when the engine runs at hight disconnections)
speed ‡ Defective adjustment of fan belt ‡ Adjust fan belt tension
tension For details, see EVERY 250
Lamp flickers while engine is HOURS SERVICE
running

Abnormal noise is generated from ‡ Defective alternator (‡ Replace)

alternator

Starting motor does not turn when ‡ Defective wiring (‡ Check, repair)
starting switch is turned to ON ‡ Insufficient battery charge ‡ Charge

Pinion of starting motor keeps going ‡ Insufficient battery charge ‡ Charge

in and out

Starting motor turns engine ‡ Insufficient battery charge ‡ Charge

sluggishly ‡ Defective starting motor (‡ Replace)

Starting motor disengages before ‡ Defective wiring (‡ Check, repair)

engine starts ‡ Insufficient battery charge ‡ Charge

Preheating pilot lamp does not light ‡ Defective wiring (‡ Check, repair)
up ‡ Defective glow relay, glow (‡ Replace)
controller, water temperature
sensor
‡ Defective preheating pilot lamp (‡ Replace)

Even when engine is stopped, ‡ Defective caution pilot lamp (‡ Replace)

engine oil pressure caution pilot ‡ Defective caution pilot lamp (‡ Replace)
lamp does not light up (starting switch
switch at ON position)

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16. TROUBLESHOOTING 16. TROUBLESHOOTING

16.4.2 CHASSIS
‡ ( ): Always contact your Komatsu distributor when dealing with these items.
‡ In cases of abnormalities or causes which are not listed below, please contact your Komatsu
distributor for repairs.

Problem Main causes Remedy

HST

Engine is running but machine ‡ Parking brake is applied ‡ Release parking brake
does not move ‡ Directional lever is not shifted ‡ Shift lever properly
properly
‡ No electricity flows to directional ‡ Check fuses and wiring
lever (electrical type) harness connector
‡ Lack of oil in hydraulic tank ‡ Add oil to specified level.
See 250 HOURS SERVICE.
‡ Inching control linkage dis- ‡ Connect linkage (check brake
connected control)

Even when engine is run at full ‡ Lack of oil in hydraulic tank ‡ Add oil to specified level.
throttle, machine only move slowly See 250 HOURS SERVICE.
and lacks power ‡ Inching control linkage ‡ Connect linkage (check brake
disconnected control)
‡ Hydraulic oil temperature is low ‡ Carry out warming-up
operation

Oil overheats ‡ Too much oil or too little oil ‡ Add or drain oil to specified
level.
See WHEN REQUIRED
‡ Clogged oil cooler core ‡ Clean oil cooler core

Noise generated ‡ Lack of oil ‡ Add oil to specified level.

See WHEN REQUIRED

Axle

Noise generated ‡ Lack of oil ‡ Add oil to specified level.

See WHEN REQUIRED

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16. TROUBLESHOOTING 16. TROUBLESHOOTING

CHASSIS continued (16.4.2)

Problem Main causes Remedy

Wet type disc brake

Brake is not applied when pedal is ‡ Brake linkage disconnected ‡ Connect linkage (check brake
depressed control)
‡ Disc has reached wear limit (‡ Replace disc)

Brake drags or remains applied ‡ Improper adjustment of brake ‡ Adjust (check brake control)
pedal linkage

Parking brake

Braking effect is poor ‡ Linkage is loose ‡ Adjust (check brake control)

‡ Disc is worn (‡ Replace disc)

Hydraulic system

Lack of lifting power for bucket ‡ Lack of oil ‡ Add oil to specified level.
See EVERY 250 HOURS
SERVICE
Bucket takes time to rise ‡ Clogged hydraulic tank filter ‡ Replace filter.
See EVERY 1000 HOURS
SERVICE

Excessive bubbles in oil ‡ Low quality oil being used ‡ Replace with good quality oil
‡ Oil level is low ‡ Add oil to specified level.
See EVERY 250 HOURS
SERVICE
‡ Air in oil line ‡ Bleed air. See EVERY 1000
HOURS SERVICE

Hydraulic pressure is low ‡ Oil level is low and pump is ‡ Add oil to specified level.
sucking in air See EVERY 250 HOURS
SERVICE
Then bleed air.
See EVERY 1000 HOURS
SERVICE

Movement of cylinder is irregular ‡ Oil level is low ‡ Add oil to specified level.
See EVERY 250 HOURS
SERVICE

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16. TROUBLESHOOTING 16. TROUBLESHOOTING

16.4.3 ENGINE
‡ ( ): Always contact your Komatsu distributor when dealing with these items.
‡ In cases of abnormalities or causes which are not listed below, please contact your Komatsu
distributor for repairs.

Problem Main causes Remedy

Engine oil pressure caution pilot ‡ Engine oil pan oil level is low ‡ Add oil to specified level, see
lamp lights up (sucking in air) CHECK BEFORE STARTING
‡ Clogged oil filter cartridge ‡ Replace cartridge, see EVERY
500 HOURS SERVICE
‡ Defective tightening of oil pipe (‡ Check, repair)
joint, oil leakage from damaged
part
‡ Defective pilot lamp (‡ Replace)

Steam is emitted from top part ‡ Cooling water level low, water ‡ Add cooling water, repair, see
of radiator (pressure valve) leakage CHECK BEFORE STARTING
‡ Loosen fan belt ‡ Adjust fan belt tension, see
EVERY 250 HOURS SERVICE
‡ Dirt or scale accumulated in ‡ Change cooling water, clean
cooling system inside of cooling system, see
WHEN REQUIRED
Water temperature gauge is in red ‡ Clogged radiator fin or ‡ Clean or repair, see WHEN
(H) range damaged fin REQUIRED
‡ Defective thermostat (‡ Replace thermostat)
‡ Loose radiator filler cap (high ‡ Tighten cap or replace packing
altitude operation)
‡ Defective water level sensor (‡ Replace sensor)

Water temperature gauge is under ‡ Defective thermostat (‡ Replace thermostat)

white range (C) ‡ Defective monitor (‡ Replace)

Engine does not start when ‡ Lack of fuel ‡ Add fuel, see CHECK
starting motor is turned BEFORE STARTING
‡ Air in fuel system ‡ Repair replace where air is
sucked in
‡ Defective fuel injection pump or (‡ Replace pump or nozzle)
nozzle
‡ Starting motor cranks engine ‡ See ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
sluggishly
‡ Defective stop solenoid valve (‡ Check, replace)
‡ Defective compression
fi Defective valve clearance (fi Adjust valve clearance)

Exhaust gas is white or blue ‡ Too much oil in oil pan ‡ Add oil to specified level,
see CHECK BEFORE
STARTING
‡ Improper fuel ‡ Change to specified fuel

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16. TROUBLESHOOTING 16. TROUBLESHOOTING

ENGINE continued (16.4.3)

Problem Main causes Remedy

Exhaust gas occasionally turns ‡ Clogged air cleaner element ‡ Clean or replace, see WHEN
black REQUIRED
‡ Defective nozzle (‡ Replace nozzle)
‡ Defective compression (‡ See defective compression
above)

Combustion noise occasionally ‡ Defective nozzle (‡ Replace nozzle)

makes breathing sound

Abnormal noise generated ‡ Low grade fuel being used ‡ Change to specified fuel
(combustion or mechanical) ‡ Overheating ‡ Refer to “Water temperature
gauge is in red range” as
above
‡ Damage inside muffler (‡ Replace muffler)
‡ Excessive valve clearance (‡ Adjust valve clearance)

2-74
MAINTENANCE

3-1
17. GUIDES TO MAINTENANCE

Do not carry out any inspection and maintenance operation that is not given in this manual.

Perform maintenance work on hard, flat ground.

Set to the inspection and maintenance posture.

Always carry out operations with the machine in the following
posture unless otherwise specified.
‡ Lower the work equipment to the ground and set in the posture
shown in the diagram on the right.
‡ Set all control levers to the neutral or HOLD position.
‡ Set the safety lever to the LOCK position.
‡ Press the parking brake switch to apply the parking brake.
‡ Put blocks in front and behind the tires.
‡ Lock the front and rear frames with the safety bar.

Check service meter:

Check the service meter reading every day to see if the time has come for any necessary maintenance
to be carried out.

Komatsu genuine replacement parts:

Use Komatsu genuine parts specified in the Parts Book as replacement parts.

Komatsu genuine oils:

Use Komatsu genuine oils and grease. Choose oils and grease with proper viscosities specified for
ambient temperature.

Always use clean washer fluid:

Use automobile window washer fluid and be careful not to let any dirt get into it.

Always use clean oil and grease:

Use clean oil and grease. Also, keep containers of the oil and grease clean. Keep foreign materials away
from oil and grease.

Keeping the machine clean:

Always keep the machine clean. This makes is easier to find parts causing problems. In particular, keep
grease fittings, breathers and oil level gauges clean and avoid foreign materials from getting in them.

Be careful of hot water and oil:

Draining hot oils and coolants and removing their filters immediately after the engine stops are
hazardous. Allow the engine to cool.
If the oil has to be drained when it is cold, warm up the oil to a suitable temperature (approx. 20 – 40°C)
before draining it.

3-2
17. GUIDES TO MAINTENANCE 17. GUIDES TO MAINTENANCE

Checking foreign materials in drained oil and on filters:

After oil is changed or filters are replaced, check the oil and filters for metallic particles and foreign
materials. If large quantities of metallic particles or foreign materials are found, consult your Komatsu
distributor.

Fuel strainer:
If your machine is equipped with a fuel strainer, do not remove it while fueling.

Oil change:
Check or change oils in the places where dust is scarce to keep foreign materials away from oils.

Warning tag:
Attach the warning tag to the starting switch or other appropriate control lever to prevent anyone from
starting the engine during maintenance.

Obey precautions:
During the operation, always obey the precautions on the safety label attached to the machine.

Welding instructions:
‡ Turn off the engine starting switch.
‡ Do not apply more than 200 V continuously.
‡ Connect grounding the cable within 1 m (3.28 ft) from the area to be welded.
‡ Avoid seals or bearings from being between the area to be welded and the position of the grounding
point.
‡ Never weld any pipe or tube containing fuel or oil.

Fire prevention:
Use nonflammable cleaner or light oil for cleaning parts. Keep flame or cigarette light away from light
oil.

Clamp faces:
When O-rings or gaskets are removed, clean the clamp faces and replace the O-rings and gaskets with
new ones. Be sure to fit O-rings and gaskets when assembling.

Objects in your pockets:

Keep your pockets free of loose objects which can fall out and drop into the machinery; especially when
you work on the machinery while bending over it.

3-3
17. GUIDES TO MAINTENANCE 17. GUIDES TO MAINTENANCE

Checking undercarriage:
When working in rocky areas, check for damage to the undercarriage and for looseness, flaws, wear and
damage in bolts and nuts.

Precautions when washing machine:

‡ Never spray steam or water directly at the radiator.
‡ Do not allow water to get on any electrical component.

Pre-and post-work checks:

Before starting work in mud, rain, snow or at the seashore, check plugs and valves for tightness.
Wash the machine immediately after the work to protect components from rusting.
Lubricate components more frequently than usual. Be sure to lubricate work equipment pins daily if they
are submerged in water.
On jobsites where heavy-duty operations are common, reduce the maintenance intervals and carry out
greasing more frequently.

Dusty worksites:
When working at dusty worksites, do as follows:
‡ Inspect the air cleaner clogging portion pilot lamp to see whether the air cleaner is blocked up. Clean
the air cleaner at shorter intervals than specified.
‡ Clean the radiator core frequently to avoid clogging.
‡ Clean and replace the fuel filter frequently.
‡ Clean electrical components, especially the starting motor and alternator, to avoid accumulation of
dust.

Avoid mixing oils:

Never mix oils of different brands. If you have only oil which is a different brand from the one that is
used in the machine, do not add it but replace all the oil.

3-4
18. OUTLINES OF SERVICE

‡ Use Komatsu genuine parts for replacement.

‡ When changing or adding oil, do not use a different type of oil.

‡ Unless otherwise specified, the oil and coolant used at the time of shipment from the factory are as
shown in the table below.

Item Kind of fluid

SAE 10W-30
Engine oil pan
API classification CD

SAE 10W-30
Transmission case
API classification CD

Axle (Front and rear) AXO75

SAE 5W
Brake
API classification CD

SAE 10W-30
Hydraulic tank
API classification CD

Pins Lithium base EP grease No. 2

ASTM D975 No. 2

Fuel (However, ASTM D975 No. 1 is used for the winter
season (October to March))

Radiator Komatsu Super Coolant (AF-ACL) above 30% added to water

18.1 OUTLINE OF OIL, FUEL, COOLANT

18.1.1 OIL
‡ Oil is used in the engine and work equipment under extremely severe conditions (high temperature,
high pressure), and it deteriorates with use.
Always use oil that matches the grade and temperature for use given in the Operation and
Maintenance Manual. Even if the oil is not dirty, always replace the oil after the specified interval.

‡ Oil corresponds to blood in the human body, so always be careful when handling it to prevent any
impurities (water, metal particles, dirt, etc.) from getting in.
The majority of problems with machine are caused by the entry of such impurities.
Take particular care not to let any impurities get in when storing or adding oil.

‡ Never mix oils of different grades or brands.

‡ Always add the specified amount of oil.

Having too much oil or too little oil are both causes of problems.

‡ If the oil in the work equipment is not clear, there is probably water or air getting into the circuit.
In such cases, please contact your Komatsu distributor.

‡ When changing the oil, always replace the related filters at the same time.

‡ We recommend you to have an analysis made of the oil periodically to check the condition of the
machine. For those who wish to use this service, please contact your Komatsu distributor.

3-5
18. OUTLINES OF SERVICE 18. OUTLINES OF SERVICE

18.1.2 FUEL
‡ The fuel pump is a precision instrument, and if fuel containing water or dirt is used, it cannot work
properly.

‡ Be extremely careful not to let impurities get in when storing or adding fuel.

‡ Always use the fuel specified in the Operation and Maintenance Manual.
Fuel may congeal depending on the temperature when it is used (particularly in low temperature
below –15˚C), so it is necessary to change to a fuel that matches the temperature.

‡ To prevent the moisture in the air from condensing and forming water inside the fuel tank, always
fill the fuel tank after completing the day’s work.

‡ Before starting the engine, or when 10 minutes have passed after adding fuel, drain the sediment
and water from the fuel tank.

‡ If the engine runs out of fuel, or if the filters have been replaced, it is necessary to bleed the air from
the circuit.

18.1.3 COOLANT
‡ River water contains large amounts of calcium and other impurities, so if it is used, scale will stick
to the engine and radiator, and this will cause defective heat exchange and overheating.
Do not use water that is not suitable for drinking.

‡ When using anti-freeze, always observe the precautions given in the Operation and Maintenance
Manual.

‡ Komatsu machines are supplied with Komatsu original anti-freeze in the coolant when the machine
is shipped.
This anti-freeze is effective in preventing corrosion of the cooling system.
The anti-freeze can be used continuously for two years or 4000 hours. Therefore, it can be used as
it is even in hot areas.

‡ Anti-freeze is flammable, so be extremely careful not to expose it to flame or fire.

‡ The proportion of anti-freeze to water differs according to the ambient temperature.

For details of the mixing proportions, see “24.2.2 CLEAN INSIDE OF COOLING SYSTEM”.

‡ If the engine overheats, wait for the engine to cool before adding coolant.

‡ If the coolant level is low, it will cause overheating and will also cause problems with corrosion from
the air in the coolant.

3-6
18. OUTLINES OF SERVICE 18. OUTLINES OF SERVICE

18.1.4 GREASE
‡ Grease is used to prevent twisting and noise at the joints.

‡ The nipples not included in the maintenance section are nipples for overhaul, so they do not need
grease.
If any part becomes stiff after being used for long time, add grease.

‡ Always wipe off all of the old grease that is pushed out when greasing. Be particularly careful to wipe
off the old grease in places where sand or dirt sticking in the grease would cause wear of the rotating
parts.

18.1.5 STORING OIL AND FUEL

‡ Keep indoors to prevent any water, dirt, or other impurities from getting in.

‡ When keeping drum cans for a long period, put the drum on its side so that the filler port of the drum
can is at the side. (To prevent moisture from being sucked in)
If drum cans have to be stored outside, cover them with a waterproof sheet or take other measures
to protect them.

‡ To prevent any change in quality during long-term storage, be sure to use in the order of first in -
first out (use the oldest oil or fuel first).

18.1.6 FILTERS
‡ Filters are extremely important safety parts. They prevent impurities in the fuel and air circuits from
entering important equipment and causing problems.
Replace all filters periodically. For details, see the Operation and Maintenance Manual.
However, when working in severe conditions, it is necessary to consider replacing the filters at
shorter intervals according to the oil and fuel (sulfur content) being used.

‡ Never try to clean the filters (cartridge type) and use them again. Always replace with new filters.

‡ When replacing oil filters, check if any metal particles are stuck to the old filter. If any metal particles
are found, please contact your Komatsu distributor.

‡ Do not open packs of spare filters until just before they are to be used.

‡ Always use Komatsu genuine filters.

3-7
18. OUTLINES OF SERVICE 18. OUTLINES OF SERVICE

18.2 OUTLINE OF ELECTRIC SYSTEM

‡ If the wiring gets wet or the insulation is damaged, the electric system leaks and this could result
in hazardous malfunction of the machine.

‡ Services relating to the electric system are (1) check of fan belt tension, (2) check of damage or wear
in the fan belt and (3) check of battery fluid level.

‡ Never remove or disassemble any electric components installed in the machine.

‡ Never install any electric components other than those specified by Komatsu.

‡ Be careful to keep the electric system free of water when washing the machine or when it rains.

‡ When working on the seashore, carefully clean the electric system to prevent corrosion.

‡ The optional power source must never be connected to the fuse, starting switch, or battery relay.

3-8
19. WEAR PARTS LIST

Wear parts such as the filter element, air cleaner element, bolt on edge, etc. are to be replaced at
the time of periodic maintenance or before their abrasion limits.
The wear parts should be changed correctly in order to use the machine economically.
For part change, Komatsu genuine parts of excellent quality should be used.
When ordering parts, please check the part number in the parts book.

The parts in parentheses are to be replaced at the same time.

Replacement
Item Part No. Part Name Q’ty
frequency

Engine oil filter YM119005-35100 Oil filter assembly 1 Every 500 hours

Fuel filter (WA20) YM119810-55650 Element 1 Every 500 hours

Fuel filter (WA30, 40, 50) YM129100-55650 Element 1 Every 500 hours

Hydraulic filter (WA20) 361-60-11120 Cartridge 1 Every 1000 hours

Hydraulic filter (WA30, 40, 50) 363-60-35310 Cartridge 1 Every 1000 hours

363-18-31470 Element 1
HST oil filter Every 1000 hours
(07000-02065) (O-ring) (1)

Air cleaner (WA20) YM129350-12900 Element 1 –

Air cleaner (WA30, 40, 50) YM171058-12510 Element 1 –

361-815-2110 Edge 1
Cutting edge
(02090-11045) (Bolt) (6) –
(WA20, option)
(09218-11614) (Nut) (6)

362-972-1111 Edge 1
Cutting edge (02090-11050) (Bolt) (6)
–
(WA30) (02205-11015) (Nut) (6)
(01643-31645) (Washer) (6)

363-70-21190 Edge 1
Cutting edge (02090-11050) (Bolt) (7)
–
(WA40, 50) (02205-11015) (Nut) (7)
(01643-31645) (Washer) (7)

3-9
20. USE OF FUEL, COOLANT AND LUBRICANTS ACCORDING
TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURE

PROPER SELECTION OF FUEL, COOLANT AND LUBRICANTS

AMBIENT TMPERATURE CAPACITY

RESERVOIR KIND OF
FLUID –22 –4 14 32 50 68 86 104 122˚F Specified Refill
–30 –20 –10 0 10 20 30 40 5 0 ˚ C

SAE30 WA20: 3.6 ¬ WA20: 3.1 ¬

0.95 US gal 0.82 US gal
SAE10W 0.68 UK gal 0.68 UK gal
Engine oil pan WA30,40,50: WA30,40,50:
SAE10W-30 5.2 ¬ 4.7 ¬
1.37 US gal 1.24 US gal
SAE15W-40 1.14 UK gal 1.03 UK gal

1.4 ¬ 1.3 ¬
Transfer case Engine oil SAE10W-30 or SAE10W 0.37 US gal 0.34 US gal
0.31 UK gal 0.29 UK gal
WA20: 22.0 ¬ WA20: 15.0 ¬
5.8 US gal 4.0 US gal
4.8 UK gal 3.3 UK gal
Hydraulic system SAE10W-30 WA30,40,50: WA30,40,50:
38.0 ¬ 28.0 ¬
10.0 US gal 7.4 US gal
8.4 UK gal 6.2 UK gal
WA20: 4.0 ¬ WA20: 4.0 ¬
Front and rear Front and rear
1.06 US gal 1.06 US gal
0.88 UK gal 0.88 UK gal
WA30,40,50: WA30,40,50:
See Note 1 Front 4.8 ¬ Front 4.8 ¬
Axle
1.27 US gal 1.27 US gal
1.06 UK gal 1.06 UK gal
Rear 4.5 ¬ Rear 4.5 ¬
1.19 US gal 1.19 US gal
0.99 UK gal 0.99 UK gal

Pins Grease NLGI No. 2 –

WA20: 25.0 ¬
6.6 US gal
ASTM D975 No. 2 5.5 UK gal
Fuel tank Diesel fuel WA30,40,50: –
ª 42.0 ¬
11.9 US gal
9.2 UK gal
WA20: 4.2 ¬
1.19 US gal
0.92 UK gal
WA30: 5.5 ¬
1.45 US gal
Cooling system Water Add antifreeze –
1.21 UK gal
WA40,50:
5.8 ¬
1.53 US gal
1.28 UK gal

ª ASTM D975 No. 1

When operating the machine at temperatures below –20°C, other equipment is needed, so please
consult your Komatsu distributor.

3-10
 20. USE OF FUEL, COOLANT AND LUBRICANTS ACCORDING TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURE

Note 1:
For axle oil, use only recommended oil as follows.
SHELL: DONAX TT or TD
CALTEX: RPM TRACTOR HYDRAULIC FLUID
CHEVRON: TRACTOR HYDRAULIC FLUID
TEXACO: TDH OIL
MOBIL: MOBILAND SUPER UNIVERSAL
It is possible to substitute engine oil CLASS-CD SAE30 for axle oil.
If noise comes from the brake, it is no problem of durability.

REMARK
‡ When fuel sulphur content is less than 0.5%, change oil in the oil pan every periodic maintenance
hours described in this manual.
Change oil according to the following table if fuel sulphur content is above 0.5%.

Change interval of oil in

Fuel sulphur content
engin oil pan
0.5 to 1.0% 1/2 of regular interval
Above 1.0% 1/4 of regular interval

‡ When starting the engine in an atmospheric temperature of lower than 0˚C, be sure to use engine
oil of SAE10W, SAE10W-30 and SAE15W-40, even though an atmospheric temperature goes up to
10˚C more or less in the day time.

‡ Use API classification CD as engine oil and if API classification CC, reduce the engine oil change
interval to half.

‡ There is no problem if single grade oil is mixed with multigrade oil (SAE10W-30, 15W-40), but be
sure to add single grade oil that matches the temperature in the table.

‡ We recommend Komatsu genuine oil which has been specifically formulated and approved for use
in engine and hydraulic work equipment applications.

Specified capacity: Total amount of oil including oil for components and oil in piping.
Refill capacity: Amount of oil needed to refill system during normal inspection and maintenance.

ASTM: American Society of Testing and Material

SAE: Society of Automotive Engineers
API: American Petroleum Institute

3-11
20. USE OF FUEL, COOLANT AND LUBRICANTS ACCORDING TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURE

Engine Oil
Anti-freeze
[CD or CE]
Coolant
SAE10W, 30, 40 Gear Oil Grease
No. Supplier [Ethylene Glycol
10W30, 15W40 [GL-4 or GL-5] [Lithium-Base]
Base]
(The 15W40 oil SAE80, 90, 140 NLGI No. 2
Permanent Type
marked * is CE.)
EO10-CD AF-ACL
EO30-CD GO90 G2-LI AF-PTL
1 KOMATSU
EO10-30CD GO140 G2-LI-S AF-PT (Winter, one
EO15-40CD season type)

Diesel sigma S
Super dieselmulti-
2 AGIP Rotra MP GR MU/EP –
grade
*Sigma turbo

Multi-purpose gear RYKON prenium

3 AMOCO *Amoco 300 –
oil grease

Litholine HEP 2
4 ARCO *Arcofleet S3 plus Arco HD gear oil –
Arco EP moly D

Gear oil EP
5 BP Vanellus C3 Energrease LS-EP2 Antifreeze
Hypogear EP

*RPM delo 400 Universal thuban Marfak all purpose 2

6 CALTEX AF engine coolant
RPM delo 450 Universal thuban EP Ultra-duty grease 2

EP
*Turbomax EPX
MS3
7 CASTROL *RX super Hypoy Anti-freeze
Spheerol EPL2
CRD Hypoy B
Hypoy C

8 CHEVRON *Delo 400 Universal gear Ultra-duty grease 2 –

Universal gear
9 CONOCO *Fleet motor oil Super-sta grease –
lubricant

Multiperformance 3C Tranself EP
10 ELF – Glacelf
Performance 3C Tranself EP type 2

Essolube D3
*Essolube XD-3
EXXON Gear oil GP
11 *Essolube XD-3 Extra Beacon EP2 All season coolant
(ESSO) Gear oil GX
*Esso heavy duty
Exxon heavy duty

Super duty motor oil Multi-purpose gear Gulfcrown EP2 Antifreeze and
12 GULF
*Super duty plus lubricant Gulfcrown EP special coolant

Delvac 1300 Mobilux EP2

Mobilube GX
13 MOBIL *Delvac super Mobilgrease 77 –
Mobilube HD
10W-30, 15W-40 Mobilgrease special

3-12
 20. USE OF FUEL, COOLANT AND LUBRICANTS ACCORDING TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURE

Engine Oil
Anti-freeze
[CD or CE]
Coolant
SAE10W, 30, 40 Gear Oil Grease
No. Supplier [Ethylene Glycol
10W30, 15W40 [GL-4 or GL-5] [Lithium-Base]
Base]
(The 15W40 oil SAE80, 90, 140 NLGI No. 2
Permanent Type
marked * is CE.)

Multi-purpose white
*Supreme duty Multi-purpose 4092 grease 705 Anti-freeze and
14 PENNZOIL
fleet motor oil Multi-purpose 4140 707L White – bearing summer coolant
grease

FINA potonic N
15 PETROFINA FINA kappa TD FINA marson EPL2 FINA tamidor
FINA potonic NE

Spirax EP
16 SHELL Rimula X Alvania EP grease –
Spirax heavy duty

Sunoco ultra prestige Sunoco antifreeze

Sunoco GL5
17 SUN – 2EP and summer
gear oil
Sun prestige 742 coolant

*Ursa super plus Multifak EP2 Code 2055 startex

18 TEXACO Multigear
Ursa premium Starplex 2 antifreeze coolant

Total EP
Rubia S
19 TOTAL Total transmission Multis EP2 Antigel/antifreeze
*Rubia X
TM

20 UNION *Guardol MP gear lube LS Unoba EP –

*Turbostar Multigear
21 VEEDOL *Diesel star Multigear B – Antifreeze
MDC Multigear C

3-13
21. STANDARD TIGHTENING TORQUES FOR BOLTS AND
NUTS

21.1 INTRODUCTION OF NECESSARY TOOLS

The following tools are provided with the machine.

No. Tool Part No. Remarks

Applicable width across flats (S1-S2)
1 Wrench 09002-01012
10mm – 12mm,
Applicable width across flats (S1-S2)
2 Wrench 09002-01417
14mm – 17mm
S1
Applicable width across flats (S1-S2)
3 Wrench 09002-01922 S2
19mm – 22mm AD053370
Applicable width across flats (S1-S2)
4 Wrench 09002-02472
24mm – 27mm
5 Screwdriver 09033-00190 Crosshead/flat head interchangeable type

6 Pliers 09036-00150 –
Grease pump
21R-98-11110
(WA20, 30, 40)
7 For greasing work
Grease pump
07952-70004
(WA50)
Grease cartridge
21R-98-11120
(WA20, 30, 40)
8 (Lithium-base grease: 400 g)
Grease cartridge
07950-90403
(WA50)

If any of the above tools are broken, please order them from your Komatsu distributor.

3-14
 21. STANDARD TIGHTENING TORQUES FOR BOLTS AND NUTS

INSTALLATION OF GREASE PUMP (WA50 ONLY)

To install the grease pump to the holder on the floor surface, do
as follows.
When installing the tools to the machine also, install between the
holder, then fit the grease pump to the holder.
When doing this, be careful of the following.

1. Pull the grease pump chain to lock it.

(If the chain is not pulled, grease may ooze out.)

2. Fit a rubber band as shown in the diagram on the right to prevent

the grease pump lever from moving.

3. To prevent the grease pump chain from vibrating and making

noise, secure it with the pin as shown in the diagram on the right.

3-15
21. STANDARD TIGHTENING TORQUES FOR BOLTS AND NUTS

21.2 TORQUE LIST

Unless otherwise specified, tighten the metric bolts and nuts to
the torque shown in the table.
The tightening torque is determined by the width across the flats
b
b of the nut and bolt.
If it is necessary to replace any nut or bolt, always use a Komatsu
genuine part of the same size as the part that was replaced. a
Nm (newton meter): 1Nm = 0.1 kgm
AD053380
= 0.74 lbft

Thread diameter Width across

of bolt (mm) flat (mm)
AD054300
(a) (b)
Nm kgm lbft

6 10 13.2 ± 1.4 1.35 ± 0.15 9.73 ± 1.03

8 13 31.4 ± 2.9 3.2 ± 0.3 23.2 ± 2.1
10 17 65.7 ± 6.8 6.7 ± 0.7 48.5 ± 5.0
12 19 112 ± 9.8 11.5 ± 1.0 82.6 ± 7.2
14 22 177 ± 19 18.0 ± 2.0 131 ± 14

16 24 279 ± 29 28.5 ± 3 206 ± 21

18 27 383 ± 39 39 ± 3 282 ± 29
20 30 549 ± 58 56 ± 6 405 ± 43
22 32 745 ± 78 76 ± 8 549 ± 58
24 36 927 ± 98 94.5 ± 10 684 ± 72

27 41 1320 ± 140 135 ± 15 973 ± 100

30 46 1720 ± 190 175 ± 20 1270 ± 140
33 50 2210 ± 240 225 ± 25 1630 ± 180
36 55 2750 ± 290 280 ± 30 2030 ± 210
39 60 3280 ± 340 335 ± 35 2420 ± 250

NOTICE
When tightening panels or other parts having tightening fix-
tures made of plastic, be careful not to use excessive tightening
torque: doing so will damage the plastic parts.

3-16
22. PERIODIC REPLACEMENT OF SAFETY CRITICAL PARTS

To ensure safety at all times when operating or driving the machine, the user of the machine must
always carry out periodic maintenance. In addition, to further improve safety, the user should also carry
out periodic replacement of the parts given in the table. These parts are particularly closely connected
to safety and fire prevention.

With these parts, the material changes as time passed, or they easily wear or deteriorate. However,
it is difficult to judge the condition of the parts simply by periodic maintenance, so they should always
be replaced after a fixed time has passed, regardless of their condition. This is necessary to ensure that
they always maintain their function completely.
However, if these parts show any abnormality before the replacement interval has passed, they
should be repaired or replaced immediately.
If the hose clamps show any deterioration, such as deformation or cracking, replace the clamps at
the same as the hoses.
When replacing the hoses, always replace the O-rings, gaskets, and other such parts at the same
time.
Ask your Komatsu distributor to replace the safety critical parts.

3-17
22. PERIODIC REPLACEMENT OF SAFETY CRITICAL PARTS

SAFETY CRITICAL PARTS (WA20)

No. Safety critical parts for periodic replacement Q’ty Replacement interval
1 Fuel hose (fuel tank - feed pump) 1
2 Fuel hose (feed pump - fuel filter) 1
3 Fuel hose (fuel filter - injection pump) 1
4 Fuel return hose (injection pump - fuel filter) 1
Every 2 years or
5 Fuel return hose (fuel filter - fuel tank) 2 every 4000 hours,
6 Fuel return hose (nozzle - injection pump) 1 whichever comes
first
7 Fuel hose (between nozzle) 2
8 Steering hose (pump - priority valve) 1
9 Steering hose (orbitrol valve - steering cylinder) 2
10 Steering cylinder packing, seal, O-ring 1

3-18
22. PERIODIC REPLACEMENT OF SAFETY CRITICAL PARTS

3-19
22. PERIODIC REPLACEMENT OF SAFETY CRITICAL PARTS

SAFETY CRITICAL PARTS (WA30, WA50)

No. Safety critical parts for periodic replacement Q’ty Replacement interval
1 Fuel hose (fuel tank - water separator) 1
2 Fuel hose (water separator - feed pump) 1
3 Fuel hose (feed pump - fuel filter) 1
4 Fuel hose (fuel filter - injection pump) 1
5 Fuel return hose (injection pump - fuel filter) 1 Every 2 years or
every 4000 hours,
6 Fuel return hose (fuel filter - fuel tank) 2
whichever comes
7 Fuel return hose (nozzle - injection pump) 1 first
8 Fuel hose (between nozzle) 2
9 Steering hose (pump - priority valve) 1
10 Steering hose (orbitrol valve - steering cylinder) 3
11 Steering cylinder packing, seal, O-ring 1

3-20
22. PERIODIC REPLACEMENT OF SAFETY CRITICAL PARTS

3-21
22. PERIODIC REPLACEMENT OF SAFETY CRITICAL PARTS

SAFETY CRITICAL PARTS (WA40)

No. Safety critical parts for periodic replacement Q’ty Replacement interval
1 Fuel hose (fuel tank - water separator) 1
2 Fuel hose (water separator - feed pump) 1
3 Fuel hose (feed pump - fuel filter) 1
4 Fuel hose (fuel filter - injection pump) 1
5 Fuel return hose (injection pump - fuel filter) 1 Every 2 years or
every 4000 hours,
6 Fuel return hose (fuel filter - fuel tank) 2
whichever comes
7 Fuel return hose (nozzle - injection pump) 1 first
8 Fuel hose (between nozzle) 2
9 Steering hose (pump - priority valve) 1
10 Steering hose (orbitrol valve - steering cylinder) 2
11 Steering cylinder packing, seal, O-ring 1

3-22
22. PERIODIC REPLACEMENT OF SAFETY CRITICAL PARTS

3-23
23. MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE CHART

23.1 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE CHART

SERVICE ITEM PAGE

INITIAL 250 HOURS SERVICE (only after the first 250 hours)

Change oil in engine oil pan, replace engine oil filter cartridge 3-27

Replace hydraulic tank filter element and HST filter element 3-27

Check engine valve clearance, adjust 3-27

WHEN REQUIRED

Replace air cleaner element 3-28

Clean inside of cooling system 3-29

Drain water and sediment from fuel tank 3-33

Drain water from water separator (WA30, 40, 50) 3-33

Check transfer case oil level, add oil 3-34

Check axle oil level, add oil 3-35

Clean transfer case breather 3-36

Clean axle case breather 3-36

Clean radiator fin 3-37

Replace bolt-on cutting edge (option for WA20) 3-38

Adjust parking brake 3-39

Adjust parking brake release lever 3-40

Adjust brake pedal stroke 3-41

CHECK BEFORE STARTING

Check bulb of pilot lamp 3-42

Check coolant level, add water 3-42

Check fuel level, add fuel 3-43

Check oil level in engine oil pan, add oil 3-44

Check parking brake alarm buzzer 3-45

Check effect of parking brake and the pedal stroke 3-45

Check travel of parking brake release lever 3-45

Check effect of brake and the pedal stroke 3-45

Check steering wheel play and operation of steering 3-45

3-24
23. MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE CHART 23. MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE CHART

SERVICE ITEM PAGE

Check electric wiring 3-46

Check sound of horn 3-46
Check flashing of lamps, check for dirt or damage 3-47

Check engine exhaust color and sound 3-47

Check operation of gauges 3-47
Check direction of rear view mirror, check for dirt or damage 3-47

EVERY 50 HOURS SERVICE

Check tire inflation pressure 3-48

Clean air cleaner dust cup 3-48

EVERY 250 HOURS SERVICE

Lubricating 3-49

‡ Bucket link pin (2 points) 3-49

‡ Bucket pin (2 points) 3-49

‡ Tilt lever pin (1 point) 3-49

‡ Lift cylinder pin (4 points) 3-49

‡ Dump cylinder pin (2 points) 3-49

‡ Lift arm pivot pin (2 points) 3-49

‡ Steering cylinder pin (2 points) 3-49

Check oil level in hydraulic tank, add oil 3-50

Check and clean air cleaner element 3-51

Check tension of fan belt, adjust 3-52

Check battery electrolyte level 3-53

Check for loose wheel hub bolts, tighten 3-53

EVERY 500 HOURS SERVICE

Replace fuel filter element 3-54

Change oil in engine oil pan, replace engine oil filter cartridge 3-55

Grease rear axle pivot pin (2 points) 3-56

3-25
23. MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE CHART 23. MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE CHART

SERVICE ITEM PAGE

EVERY 1000 HOURS SERVICE

Change oil in hydraulic tank, replace hydraulic oil filter cartridge and HST filter element 3-57

Lubricating 3-59

‡ Front drive shaft (3 points) 3-59

‡ Rear drive shaft (2 points) 3-59

‡ Center hinge pin (1 point) 3-59

EVERY 2000 HOURS SERVICE

Change oil in transfer case 3-60

Change axle oil 3-61

Check alternator, starting motor 3-61

Check engine valve clearance, adjust 3-61

3-26
24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.1 INITIAL 250 HOURS SERVICE

Carry out the following maintenance only after the first 250
hours.

‡ CHANGE OIL IN ENGINE OIL PAN, REPLACE ENGINE OIL FILTER

CARTRIDGE
‡ REPLACE HYDRAULIC TANK FILTER ELEMENT AND HST FILTER
ELEMENT
‡ CHECK ENGINE VALVE CLEARANCE, ADJUST

For details of the method of replacing or maintaining, see the

section on EVERY 500 HOURS, 1000 HOURS and 2000 HOURS
SERVICE.

3-27
24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.2 WHEN REQUIRED

24.2.1 REPLACE AIR CLEANER ELEMENT
 WARNING
‡ Never clean or replace the air cleaner element with the engine
running.
‡ When using pressure air to clean the element wear safety
glasses or goggles to protect the eyes.

1. Loosen clip 1 and remove dust cup 2.

2. Loosen wing nut 3 and take out the element.

3. Blow with dry compressed air (max. 0.7 MPa (7 kgf/cm2)) to clean
the inside of the case and the dust cup.
(1) Install a cover to the air intake after removing the element.
(2) When installing the element, be sure to assemble the seal
washer.
(3) When installing the dust cup, install with the arrow mark on
the dust cup pointing up.
(4) Replace the element if it has been cleaned six times or used
for one year.
(5) Never remove the air cleaner element when the engine is
running.
(6) If seal washer 4 is damaged or the thread of wing nut 3 is
damaged, replace with new parts.

4. After cleaning, assemble the new element and install the dust
cup.

3-28
24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.2.2 CLEAN INSIDE OF COOLING SYSTEM

 WARNING
‡ Soon after the engine has been stopped, the coolant is hot
and can cause personal injury. Allow the engine to cool
before draining water.
‡ Since cleaning is performed while the engine is running, it is
very dangerous to go under the machine as the machine may
suddenly start moving. While the engine is running, never go
under the machine.
‡ Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is at operat-
ing temperature. At operating temperature, the coolant is
under pressure. Boiling water and steam spurting out from
the radiator could cause personal injury. Allow the engine to
cool until the radiator filler cap is cool enough to touch with
your hand. Remove the filler cap slowly to allow pressure to
be relieved.

‡ Stop the machine on level ground when cleaning or changing

the coolant.
‡ Use a permanent type of antifreeze.
If, for some reason, it is impossible to use permanent type
antifreeze, use an antifreeze containing ethylene glycol.
‡ In areas where the water is hard, always add Komatsu genuine
corrosion resistor agent KI. One packet of corrosion resistor
agent contains 100g. The standard density of the mixture should
be 7g/¬.
‡ Clean the inside of the cooling system, change the coolant and
add the corrosion resistor agent KI according to the table below.

Cleaning inside of
Adding corrosion
Kind of coolant cooling system and resistant KI
changing coolant
Every year (autumn) or
Permanent type antifreeze
every 2000 hours,
(All season type)
whichever comes first
Every 1000 hours and
Non-permanent type Every 6 months (spring, when cleaning the in-
antifreeze containing autumn) side of the cooling
ethylene glycol (Winter, (Drain antifreeze in spring, system and when
one season type) add antifreeze in autumn) changing coolant.
Every 6 months or every
When not using antifreeze 1000 hours, whichever
comes first

3-29
24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

‡ When deciding the ratio of antifreeze to water, check the lowest

temperature in the past, and decide from the mixing rate table
given below.
It is actually better to estimate a temperature about 10˚C lower
when deciding the mixing rate.

Mixing rate of water and antifreeze

WA20
Min. ˚C –5 –10 –15 –20 –25 –30
atmospheric
temperature ˚F 23 14 5 –4 –13 –22

¬ 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1

Amount of
US gal 0.27 0.36 0.43 0.49 0.55 0.60
antifreeze
UK gal 0.21 0.28 0.33 0.38 0.42 0.46

¬ 3.2 2.9 2.7 2.5 2.3 2.1

Amount of
US gal 0.92 0.83 0.76 0.70 0.64 0.59
water
UK gal 0.71 0.64 0.59 0.54 0.50 0.46

WA30
Min. ˚C –5 –10 –15 –20 –25 –30
atmospheric
temperature ˚F 23 14 5 –4 –13 –22

¬ 1.3 1.7 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.8

Amount of
US gal 0.33 0.44 0.52 0.60 0.67 0.73
antifreeze
UK gal 0.28 0.36 0.44 0.50 0.56 0.61

¬ 4.2 3.8 3.5 3.2 3.0 2.7

Amount of
US gal 1.12 1.01 0.93 0.85 0.78 0.72
water
UK gal 0.93 0.85 0.77 0.71 0.65 0.60

WA40, 50
Min. ˚C –5 –10 –15 –20 –25 –30
atmospheric
temperature ˚F 23 14 5 –4 –13 –22

¬ 1.4 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.7 2.9

Amount of
US gal 0.35 0.46 0.55 0.63 0.70 0.77
antifreeze
UK gal 0.29 0.38 0.46 0.52 0.59 0.64

¬ 4.4 4.0 3.7 3.4 3.1 2.9

Amount of
US gal 1.18 1.07 0.98 0.90 0.83 0.76
water
UK gal 0.99 0.90 0.82 0.76 0.69 0.64

3-30
24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

WARNING
Antifreeze is flammable, so keep it away from any flame.

‡ Use city water for the cooling water.

If river water, well water or other such water supply must be
used, contact your Komatsu distributor.
‡ We recommend use of an antifreeze density gauge to control the
mixing proportions.

3-31
24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

1. Stop the engine and remove radiator cap 1 slowly.

2. Prepare a container to catch the coolant, then open drain valve

2 at the radiator left lower portion and drain plug 3 at the side
of the cylinder block to drain the coolant.

3. After draining the water, close drain valve 2 and plug 3, and
fill with city water.

4. When the radiator is full of water, start the engine and run it at
low idling.
Open drain valve 2 and plug 3, run the engine at low idling, and
flush water through the system for 10 minutes.
When doing this, adjust the speed of filling and draining the
water so that the radiator is always full.
While flushing water through the system, watch carefully that
the water inlet hose does not come out of the radiator water
filler.

5. After flushing, stop the engine, open drain valve 2 and plug 3,
then close it again after all the water has drained out.

6. After draining the water, clean with a flushing agent.

For details of the cleaning method, see the instructions given
with the cleaning agent.

7. After cleaning, open drain valve 2 and plug 3 to drain all the
cooling water, then close them and fill slowly with clean water.

8. When the water comes up to near the water filler port, open
drain valve 2 and plug 3, run the engine at low idling, and
continue to run water through the system until clean colorless
water comes out.

When doing this, adjust the speed of filling and draining the
water so that the radiator is always full.

9. When the water is completely clean, stop the engine, close drain
valve 2 and plug 3.

10. Add cooling water until it overflows from the water filler.

11. To remove the air in the cooling water, run for 5 minutes at low
idling, then for another five minutes at high idling.
When doing this, leave radiator cap off.

12. Drain the coolant inside sub-tank 4, then clean the inside of the
sub-tank and fill again with water to a point between the FULL
and LOW lines.

13. Stop the engine, wait for about 3 minutes, add cooling water up
to near the radiator water filler port, then tighten the cap.

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.2.3 DRAIN WATER AND SEDIMENT FROM FUEL TANK

1. Drain before operate the machine.

2. Prepare a container to catch fuel.

3. Open drain valve 1 at fuel tank lower portion, and then drain
water and sediment. Be careful of coming down fuel.

4. Close drain valve 1 after draining.

24.2.4 DRAIN WATER FROM WATER SEPARATOR

(WA30, 40, 50)
Carry out this procedure if water separator caution pilot lamp
lights on.

1. Turn lever 1 up to close valve.

Turn the lever at least 90°.

2. Disconnect connector wiring to sensor, and remove ring nut 2,

cup 3 and element 4.

3. Clean cup 3 and element 4 with diesel fuel or cleaning purpose

oil.

4. After cleaning and assembling separator, turn lever 1 down to

open valve.

5. Open drain valve P at fuel tank lower portion, and then drain
water and sediment.

6. After draining, mount connector wiring to sensor firmly.

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.2.5 CHECK TRANSFER CASE OIL LEVEL, ADD OIL

 WARNING
‡ When checking the oil level, apply the parking brake, and lock
the front and rear frames with the safety bar and pin.
‡ The oil is at high temperature after the machine has been
operated. Always wait for the temperature to go down before
starting this operation.

Carry out this procedure if there is any oil leak from the transfer
case.

1. Open filler plug F and check the oil level.

If the level is correct, the oil comes out from hole.

2. If the oil level is not correct, add engine oil through oil filler F.

For details of the oil to use, see “20. USE OF FUEL, COOLANT
AND LUBRICANTS ACCORDING TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURE.”

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.2.6 CHECK AXLE OIL LEVEL, ADD OIL

 WARNING
‡ When checking the oil level, apply the parking brake, and lock
the front and rear frames with the safety bar and pin.
‡ The oil is at high temperature after the machine has been
operated. Always wait for the temperature to go down before
starting this operation.

Carry out this procedure if there is any sign of oil on the axle
case.

Carry out the inspection with the machine on a horizontal road

surface.
(If the road surface is at an angle, the oil level cannot be checked
correctly.)

1. Stop the engine and remove oil level plug 1.

2. Wipe off any oil adhering to the oil level gauge G attached to
plug 1 with waste cloth.

3. Set the oil level gauge G as shown in the right diagram.

4. The oil level is correct when it is between the two lines provided
on the oil level gauge. If the oil level does not reach the lower
line, add axle oil through filler port F.

For details of the oil to use, see “20. USE OF FUEL, COOLANT
AND LUBRICANTS ACCORDING TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURE.”

5. If the oil level is above the upper line, drain off the excess oil
through drain plug P and check the oil level again.

6. If the oil level is correct, install plug 1.

Tightening torque: 69 ± 10 N•m (7 ± 1 kgf•m, 27 ± 8 lbft)

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.2.7 CLEAN TRANSFER CASE BREATHER

WARNING
When cleaning, apply the parking brake, and lock the front and
rear frames with the safety bar and pin.

Remove all mud and dirt from around the breather with a brush.

1. Remove floor plate 1 after removing the floor mat.

2. Remove breather 2 after cleaning around the breather, and soak

in the cleaning agent.

24.2.8 CHECK AXLE CASE BREATHER

WARNING
When cleaning, apply the parking brake, and lock the front and
rear frames with the safety bar and pin.

Remove all mud and dirt from around the breather with a brush.

When cleaning the breather, clean the breathers at two places

(front and rear).

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.2.9 CLEAN RADIATOR FINS

Carry out this procedure if there is any mud or dirt seen stuck
to the radiator.

1. Use compressed air to clean the mud dust, and leaves from the
radiator fins. Steam or water may be used instead of com-
pressed air.

When using steam, the radiator fins may be damaged if the

steam nozzle is brought too close to the fins, so stand well away
from the radiator.

2. The rubber hose should be checked at the same time. If the hose
is found to have cracks or to be hardened by ageing, it should
be replaced with a new one. Further, loosen hose clamps should
also be tightened.

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.2.10 REPLACE BOLT-ON CUTTING EDGE

(option for WA20)
 WARNING
It is extremely dangerous if the work equipment moves when
carrying out the turning or replacement operation.
Set the work equipment in a stable position, stop the engine,
then set the safety lock for the work equipment control lever
securely to the LOCK position.

Turn or replace the cutting edge before the wear reaches the
edge of the bucket.

1. Raise the bucket to a suitable height, then put blocks under the
bucket to prevent the bucket from coming down.
Raise the bucket so that the bottom surface of the bucket is
horizontal.

2. Remove nuts 2 and bolts 1, then remove cutting edge 3.

3. Clean the mounting surface of cutting edge 3.

4. Turn cutting edge 3 and install it to the bucket. When turning

the edge, install it to the opposite side (left edge to right side,
right edge to left side).

If both sides of the cutting edge are worn, replace with a new
part.
If the wear extends to the mounting surface, repair the mounting
surface before installing the cutting edge.
If bolt 1 or nut 2 are damaged, replace them at the same time.

5. Tighten nuts 2 and bolts 1 uniformly so that there is no gap

between the bucket and cutting edge.

Tightening torque for mounting bolt: 265 ± 29 N•m

(27 ± 3 kgf•m, 54 ± 6 lbft)

6. Tighten the mounting bolts again after operating for several

hours.

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.2.11 ADJUSTING PARKING BRAKE

Checking
The standard travel of the parking brake when it is depressed is
4 – 7 notches. If the travel is not within the standard range, adjust
as follows.

Adjusting

 WARNING
Before carrying out adjustment, always block the tires and take
action to prevent the machine from slipping.
Secure the front and rear frames with the safety bar and pin.

1. Pull the parking brake release lever to release the parking brake.

2. Remove the floor plate at the rear of the pedal.

3. Loosen locknuts 1 and 2.

Locknut 1 has a left-hand screw and locknut 2 has a right-hand

screw, so be careful of the direction of turning when loosening the
locknuts.

4. When adjustment screw 3 is turned clockwise, rod 4 extends,

and when it is turned counterclockwise, the rod retracts.
5. Adjust the length of rod 4 with adjustment screw 3 so that the
travel at the tip of the pedal is 4 – 6 notches.

6. After completing the adjustment, tighten locknuts 1 and 2.

Tightening torque: 17.2 ± 2.5 N•m (1.75 ± 0.25 kgf•m)

7. After adjusting, check the effect of the parking brake.

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.2.12 ADJUST PARKING BRAKE RELEASE LEVER

Checking
Depress the parking brake pedal 3 – 4 notches, then pull the
release lever to return the parking brake pedal to its original position.
If the travel is not 35 – 50 mm (1.4 – 2 in) when the lever is released,
adjust as follows.

Adjusting

 WARNING
Before carrying out adjustment, always block the tires and take
action to prevent the machine from slipping.
Secure the front and rear frames with the safety bar and pin.

1. Loosen locknut 1 of the cable.

2. Adjust the position of the cable so that the travel is 30 – 50 mm

(1.2 – 2 in).

3. Secure with locknut 1.

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.2.13 ADJUST BRAKE PEDAL STROKE

Checking
The travel at the tip of the pedal should be 60 – 85 mm (2.4 – 3.4
in). If the travel is not within the standard range, adjust as follows.

Adjusting

 WARNING
Before carrying out adjustment, always block the tires and take
action to prevent the machine from slipping.
Secure the front and rear frames with the safety bar and pin.

1. Pull the parking brake release lever to release the parking brake.

2. Remove the floor plate at the rear of the pedal.

3. Loosen locknuts 1 and 2.

Locknut 1 has a left-hand screw and locknut 2 has a right-hand

screw, so be careful of the direction of turning when loosening
the locknuts.

4. When adjustment screw 3 is turned clockwise, rod 4 extends,

and when it is turned counterclockwise, the rod retracts.

5. Adjust the length of rod 4 with adjustment screw 3 so that the

travel at the tip of the pedal is 60 – 85 mm (2.4 – 3.4 in).

6. After completing the adjustment, tighten locknuts 1 and 2.

Tightening torque: 17.2 ± 2.5 N•m (1.75 ± 0.25 kgf•m, 3.5 ± 0.5 lbft)

7. After adjusting, check the braking effect.

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.3 CHECK BEFORE STARTING

24.3.1 CHECK BULBS OF PILOT LAMPS

1. Turn the key in starting switch to the ON position.

2. When each pilot lamp 1 lights on, bulbs are no problem.

3. When each lamp doesn’t light, contact your Komatsu distributor

for service.

The preheating pilot lamp lights up only when the starting switch
is at the HEAT position; the parking brake pilot lamp does not light
up when the parking brake is not applied.
When the parking brake is released, the parking brake reminder
caution lamp lights up and the alarm buzzer sounds.

24.3.2 CHECK COOLANT LEVEL, ADD WATER

 WARNING
Normally, do not open the radiator cap. Always wait for the
engine to cool down before checking the water level, and check
using the sub-tank.

1. Open the engine side cover at the rear left side of the machine,
and check that the coolant level is between the FULL and LOW
marks on sub-tank 1. If the coolant level is low, add water to the
FULL level through the water filler in sub-tank 1.

2. After adding water, tighten the cap securely.

3. If sub-tank 1 is empty, check for water leakage, then add water

to the radiator and sub-tank.

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.3.3 CHECK FUEL LEVEL, ADD FUEL

WARNING
When adding fuel, never let the fuel overflow. This may cause
a fire. If spilling fuel, thoroughly clean up any spillage.

1. Turn the engine starting switch to the ON position, then check

the fuel level with fuel gauge G.
After checking, return the starting switch to the OFF position.

2. Upon completion of work, add fuel through filler F until the fuel
tank is full.

For details of the method for opening and closing the cap, see
“11.4 CAP WITH LOCK”.

For details of the fuel to use, see “20. USE OF FUEL, COOLANT
AND LUBRICANTS ACCORDING TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURE”.

3. After adding fuel, tighten the cap securely.

Fuel capacity: WA20 25 ¬ (6.6 US gal, 5.5 UK gal)

WA30, 40, 50 42 ¬ (11.9 US gal, 9.2 UK gal)

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.3.4 CHECK OIL LEVEL IN ENGINE OIL PAN, ADD OIL

1. Open the tilt hood at the rear of the machine.

2. Remove dipstick G and wipe the oil off with a cloth.

3. Insert dipstick G fully in the oil filler pipe, then take it out again.

4. The oil level should be between the H and L marks on dipstick

G.
If the oil level is below the L mark, add engine oil through oil filler
F.

For details of the oil to use, see ”20. USE OF FUEL, COOLANT
AND LUBRICANTS ACCORDING TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURE”.

5. If the oil is above the H mark, drain the excess engine oil from
drain plug P, and check the oil level again.

6. If oil level is correct, tighten the oil filler cap securely, then
tighten the tilt hood.
H

REMARK L

When checking the oil level after the engine has been operated, AD052340
wait for at least 15 minutes after stopping the engine before check-
ing.
If the machine is at an angle, make it horizontal before checking.

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.3.5 CHECK PARKING BRAKE ALARM BUZZER

Check that the alarm buzzer sounds when the engine is stopped
with the parking brake not applied.

24.3.6 CHECK EFFECT OF PARKING BRAKE AND PEDAL

STROKE
Depress the parking brake pedal and check that the parking brake
pilot lamp lights up after 1 – 2 notches and that the parking brake
pedal moves 4 – 7 notches when depressed fully.
If the above value is not correct, or if the braking effect is poor,
see “24.2 WHEN REQUIRED”.

24.3.7 CHECK TRAVEL OF PARKING BRAKE RELEASE

LEVER
Depress the parking brake pedal 3 – 4 clicks, then pull the release
lever and check that the parking brake pedal returns to its original
position.
The travel of the lever after the brake is released should be 35
– 50 mm (1.4 – 2 in).
If the above value is not correct, see “24.2 WHEN REQUIRED”.

24.3.8 CHECK EFFECT OF BRAKE AND PEDAL STROKE

The travel at the tip of the pedal should be 60 – 85 mm (2.4 – 3.4
in).
If the travel is not within the standard range, or the braking effect
is poor, see “24.2 WHEN REQUIRED”.

24.3.9 CHECK STEERING WHEEL PLAY AND OPERATION

OF STEERING
The play at the outside circumference of the steering wheel
should be 20 – 40 mm (0.8 – 1.6 in).
If it is more than 40 mm (1.6 in) or the operation of the steering
is not smooth, please contact your Komatsu distributor for inspec-
tion.

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.3.10 CHECK ELECTRIC WIRING

WARNING
‡ If fuses are frequently blown or if there are traces of short
circuit on the electrical wiring, locate the cause and carry out
repair.
‡ Accumulation of flammable material (dead leaves, twigs,
grass, etc.) around the battery may cause fire, so always
check and remove such material.
‡ Keep the top surface of the battery clean and check the
breather hole in the battery cap. If it is clogged with dirt or
dust, wash the battery cap to clear the breather hole.

Check for damage of the fuse and any sign of disconnection or

short circuit in the electric wiring. Check also for loose terminals and
tighten any loose parts.
Check the following points carefully.
‡ Battery
‡ Starting motor
‡ Alternator

When carrying out walk-around checks or checks before starting,

always check if there is any accumulation of flammable material
around the battery, and remove such flammable material.

Please contact your Komatsu distributor for investigation and

correction of the cause.

24.3.11 CHECK SOUND OF HORN

1. Turn the starting switch 1 to ON.

2. Check for sound of horn by pushing the horn switch 2.

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.3.12 CHECK FLASHING OF LAMPS, CHECK FOR DIRT

OR DAMAGE
Check for lamps lighting.
1. Turn the starting switch 1 to ON.

2. Check for the function of lamp switch 2 at A, B and C

positions.
A: OFF
B: Tail lamps, panel box, side clearance lamps (option) and number
plate lamps (option) light up.
C: Head lamps light up in addition to lamps lighting up at position
B.

3. Check for lighting of the reverse lamps by positioning the

directional lever 3 in REVERSE.

Check for sound of buckup buzzer (option)

4. Check for lighting of brake lamps by depressing brake pedal 4.

Check for flashing of turn signal lamps.

1. Turn the starting switch 1 to ON.

2. Check for function of turn signal lever 2 at A and B positions.

A: Left turn signal lamps (front and rear) flashes.
B: Right turn signal lamps (front and rear) flashes.

24.3.13 CHECK ENGINE EXHAUST COLOR AND SOUND

24.3.14 CHECK OPERATION OF GAUGES

24.3.15 CHECK DIRECTION OF REAR VIEW MIRROR,

CHECK FOR DIRT OR DAMAGE

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.4 EVERY 50 HOURS SERVICE

24.4.1 CHECK TIRE INFLATION PRESSURE
Measure the inflation pressure before operations when the tires
are cool.
Standard tire inflation pressure:
WA20, 40, 50 0.18 MPa (1.8 kgf/cm2)
WA30 0.2 MPa (2.0 kgf/cm2)

NOTICE
The appropriate tire inflation pressure differs according to the
type of work, so see “12.17 HANDLING THE TIRES”.

24.4.2 CLEAN AIR CLEANER DUST CUP

1. Remove clip 1 and dust cup 2.

2. Throw out the dust inside the cup, then clean the inside.
Install so that the arrow mark on the cup is at the top.

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.5 EVERY 250 HOURS SERVICE

Maintenance for every 50 hours service should be carried out at
the same time.

24.5.1 LUBRICATING
WARNING
‡ Apply the parking brake, and lock the front and rear frames
with the safety bar and pin.
‡ Set the work equipment in a stable condition, then stop the
engine and apply the locks securely to the work equipment
control lever.

1. Using a grease pump, pump in grease through the grease

fittings marked by the arrows.

2. After greasing, wipe off any old grease that is pushed out.

1. Bucket link pin (2 points)

2. Bucket pin (2 points)
3. Tilt lever pin (1 point)
4. Lift cylinder pin (4 points)
5. Dump cylinder pin (2 points)
6. Lift arm pin (2 points)
7. Steering cylinder pin (2 points)

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.5.2 CHECK OIL LEVEL IN HYDRAULIC TANK, ADD OIL

WARNING
When the oil filler cap is removed, oil may spurt out, so stop the
engine and wait for the oil temperature to go down, then turn
the cap slowly to release the internal pressure before removing
the cap.

1. Lower the bucket horizontally to the ground and stop the engine.
Wait for 5 minutes, then check sight gauge G.

NOTICE
When removing or installing the oil filler cap, use a tool which
matches the width of the cap groove.
It is dangerous to use a tool which does not match the groove
width, because it will slip.

2. Add oil through oil filler port F.

For details of the oil to use, see “20. USE OF FUEL, COOLANT
AND LUBRICANTS ACCORDING TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURE”.

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.5.3 CHECK AND CLEAN AIR CLEANER ELEMENT

 WARNING
‡ Never clean or replace the air cleaner element with the engine
running.
‡ When using pressure air to clean the element wear safety
glasses or goggles to protect the eyes.

Cleaning
1. Loosen clip 1 and remove dust cup 2.

2. Loosen wing nut 3 and take out the element, then clean the
element and dust cup 2.

3. Blow with dry compressed air (max. 0.7 MPa (7 kgf/cm2)) from
the inside of the element along its folds, then blow from the
outside along the folds, and again from the inside.
(1) Install a cover to the air intake after removing the element.
(2) When installing the element, be sure to assemble the seal
washer.
(3) When installing the dust cup, install with the arrow mark on
the dust cup pointing up. AL068740
(4) Replace the element if it has been cleaned six times or used
for one year.
(5) Never remove the air cleaner element when the engine is
running.
(6) If seal washer 4 is damaged or the thread of wing nut 3 is
damaged, replace with new parts.
(7) Remove evacuator valve 5 and clean with compressed air.

NOTICE
If small holes or thinner parts are found on element when it is
checked with an electric bulb after cleaning and drying, replace the
element.
When cleaning the element, do not hit it or beat it against
anything.
Do not use element whose folds or gasket or seal are damaged.

4. After cleaning, assemble the new element and install the dust
cup.
AL068750

When carrying out this operation in a dusty place, clean the parts
quickly.

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.5.4 CHECK TENSION OF FAN BELT, ADJUST

CHECKING
The deflection of the belt should be approx. 10 to 15 mm (0.4 to
0.6 in) when pressed with a finger force of approx. 59 N (6 kgf) (13
lb) at a point midway between the fan pulley and the alternator
pulley.

ADJUSTING
1. Loosen bolt 1 and nut 2. And move alternator 3.

2. Check each pulley for damage, wear of the groove, and wear of
the belt. In particular, be sure to check that the belt is not
touching the bottom of the groove.

3. Replace the belt if it has stretched, leaving no allowance for

adjustment, or if there is any cut or crack on belt.

4. When fixing, insert a piece of wood between the bar and

alternator to prevent damage to the alternator.

5. When replacing the V-belt, adjust the tension again after oper-
ating for one hour.

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.5.5 CHECK BATTERY ELECTROLYTE LEVEL

WARNING
‡ To avoid gas explosions, do not bring fire or sparks near the
battery.
‡ Battery electrolyte is dangerous. If it gets in your eyes or on
your skin, wash it off with large amounts of water, and
consult a doctor.

Carry out this check before operating the machine.

1. Remove the cap, and check that the electrolyte is at UPPER level.
If the electrolyte level is low, add distilled water to UPPER level.
If the battery electrolyte is spilled, have dilute sulphuric acid
added.

2. Clean the air hole in the battery cap, then tighten the cap
securely.

NOTICE
When adding distilled water in cold weather, add it before
starting operations in the morning to prevent the electrolyte from
freezing.

24.5.6 CHECK FOR LOOSE WHEEL HUB BOLTS, TIGHTEN

If wheel hub bolts 1 are loose, tire wear will be increased and
accidents may be caused.

1. Check for loose bolts, and tighten if necessary.

When checking for loose bolts, always turn the bolts in the
direction of tightening to check.

Tightening torque:
WA20 168 ± 1.5 N•m (17 ± 1.5 kgf•m, 34 ± 3 lbft)
WA30, 40, 50 441 ± 49 N•m (45 ± 5 kgf•m, 90 ± 10 lbft)

2. If any stud bolt is broken, replace all the stud bolts for that wheel.

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.6 EVERY 500 HOURS SERVICE

Maintenance for every 50 and 250 hours should be carried out
at the same time.

24.6.1 REPLACE FUEL FILTER ELEMENT

WARNING
‡ Engine is at high temperature immediately after the machine
has been operated. Wait for engine to cool down before
replacing the filter.
‡ Do not bring fire or sparks near the fuel.

Prepare a filter wrench and a container to catch the fuel.

1. Set the container to catch the fuel under the element cup.

2. Loosen ring 1, then remove element cup 2 and the element.

3. Wash element cup 2 in diesel oil or flushing oil, then install a

new element.
When replacing the element, replace the O-ring also.

4. Fill with fuel, then turn the starting switch to the START position
without depressing the accelerator pedal, and run the starting
motor for 15 – 20 seconds to crank the engine and bleed the air
from the system.
Do not run the starting motor continuously for more than 20
seconds. Wait for 2 minutes before turning the starting motor
running it again.

WARNING
When cranking the engine, confirm the safety around the en-
gine, as the engine may start.

Use the same method when the engine has run out of fuel. Crank
the engine 3 – 4 times for 15 – 20 seconds to bleed the air.

If the fuel tank is completely filled, the time taken to bleed the
air can be reduced.

It is also possible to bleed the air manually by operating lever 3

of the feed pump up and down.

5. After replacing the filter element, start up the engine and check
the filter seal face for possible oil leakage.

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.6.2 CHANGE OIL IN ENGINE OIL PAN, REPLACE

ENGINE OIL FILTER CARTRIDGE
WARNING
The oil is at high temperature after the engine has been oper-
ated, so never change the oil immediately after finishing opera-
tions. Wait for the oil to cool down before changing it.

Prepare the following

‡ Container to catch drained oil:
WA20 Min. 3.1 ¬ capacity
WA30, 40, 50 Min. 4.7 ¬ capacity
‡ Refill capacity: WA20 3.1 ¬ (0.82 US gal, 0.68 UK gal)
WA30, 40, 50 4.7 ¬ (1.24 US gal, 1.03 UK gal)
‡ Filter wrench

1. Open the tilt hood.

2. Open oil filler F.

3. Place a container to catch the oil under drain plug P.

4. Loosen drain plug P, and drain the oil.

5. Check the drained oil, and if there are excessive metal particles
or foreign material, please contact your Komatsu distributor.

6. Install drain plug P.

7. Using the filter wrench, turn filter cartridge 1 counterclockwise

to remove it.
In particular, if this operation is carried out immediately after
stopping the engine, a large amount of oil will come out, so wait
for 10 minutes before starting the operation.

8. Clean the filter holder, then coat the seal and thread of the filter
cartridge with engine oil (or coat thinly with grease) and install.

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

9. When installing, bring the seal surface into contact with the filter
holder, then tighten a further 1/2 to 3/4 turns.

10. After replacing the filter cartridge, add engine oil through oil
filler F until the oil level is between the H and L marks on the
dipstick.

For details of the oil to use, see “20. USE OF FUEL, COOLANT
AND LUBRICANTS ACCORDING TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURE”.

11. Run the engine at idling for a short time, then stop the engine,
and check that the oil level gauge G is between the H and L
marks on the dipstick. For details, see “24.3 CHECK BEFORE
STARTING”.
H

Even if the machine has not been operated for 500 hours, the oil L

and filter cartridge must be replaced when the machine has been AD052340
operated for 6 months.
In the same way, even if the machine has not been operated for
6 months, the oil and filter cartridge must be replaced when the
machine has been operated for 500 hours.

Use API category CD class oil. If CC class oil must be used,

change the oil and replace the oil filter at half the usual interval (250
hours).

24.6.3 GREASE REAR AXLE PIVOT PIN (2 POINTS)

WARNING
‡ Apply the parking brake, and lock the front and rear frames
with the safety bar and pin.
‡ Set the work equipment in a stable condition, then stop the
engine and apply the locks securely to the work equipment
control levers.

1. Using a grease pump, pump in grease through the grease

fittings marked by the arrows.

2. After greasing, wipe off any old grease that is pushed out.

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24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.7 EVERY 1000 HOURS SERVICE

Maintenance for every 50, 250 and 500 hours service should be
carried out at the same time.

24.7.1 CHANGE OIL IN HYDRAULIC TANK, REPLACE

HYDRAULIC OIL FILTER CARTRIDGE AND HST
FILTER ELEMENT
WARNING
The oil is at high temperature immediately after the machine
has been operated.
Wait for the oil to cool down before changing the oil.
When removing the oil filler cap, turn it slowly to release the
internal pressure, then remove it carefully.

Prepare the following.

‡ Container to catch drained oil:
WA20 Min. 15 ¬ capacity
WA30, 40, 50 Min. 28 ¬ capacity
‡ Refill capacity: WA20 15 ¬ (4.0 US gal, 3.3 UK gal)
WA30, 40, 50 28 ¬ (7.4 US gal, 6.2 UK gal)

1. Lower the bucket horizontally to the ground and apply the

parking brake, then stop the engine.

2. When removing the oil filler cap 2, turn it slowly to release the
internal pressure, then remove it carefully.

3. Set a container under drain plug P to catch the oil.

4. Remove drain plug P to drain oil.

5. After draining the oil, tighten drain plug P.

6. Remove filter cartridge 1 by turning with a wrench.

7. Clean the filter holder, fill the new filter cartridge with engine oil,
then coat the packing of cartridge with engine oil or grease and
install the cartridge.

3-57
24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

8. When installing, bring the parking surface into contact with the
seal surface of the filter holder, then tighten 3/4 – 1 turn.

9. Using a wrench, turn HST oil filter case 2 to the left to remove
it.

10. Install a new filter, then tighten the case.

NOTICE
When removing or installing the oil filler cap or drain plug, use
a tool which matches the width of the cap groove.
It is dangerous to use a tool which does not match the groove
width, because it will slip.

11. Add engine oil through oil filler port F to the specified level.

For details of the oil to use, see “20. USE OF FUEL, COOLANT,
AND LUBRICANTS ACCORDING TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURE”.

12. Run the engine at low idling for 5 minutes to bleed the air from
the HST circuit.

13. Check that the hydraulic oil is at the specified level. For details,
see “24.5 EVERY 250 HOURS SERVICE”.

14. Run the engine at low idling, then extend and retract the steer-
ing, bucket, and lift arm cylinders to a point approx. 100 mm (4
in) before the end of the stroke.

NOTICE
If the engine is run immediately at high speed or the cylinder is
operated to the end of its stroke, there is danger that the air inside
the cylinder will damage the piston packing.

15. Move the cylinders 3 to 4 times to the stroke end, and stop the
engine. Remove the air from hydraulic tank by loosening the
filler cap.

16. After adding oil, check that the oil is at the specified level. For
details, see “24.5 EVERY 250 HOURS SERVICE”.

17. After removing the air, install the filler cap.

If the HST oil filter clogging caution lamp lights up, replace the
HST filter element immediately, even if 1000 hours or 1 year has not
passed.

3-58
24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.7.2 LUBRICATING
WARNING
‡ Apply the parking brake, and lock the front and rear frames
with the safety bar and pin.
‡ Set the work equipment in a stable condition, then stop the
engine and apply the locks securely to the work equipment
control levers.

1. Using a grease pump, pump in grease through the grease

fittings marked by the arrows.

2. After greasing, wipe off any old grease that is pushed out.

1. Front drive shaft (3 points)

2. Rear drive shaft (2 points)
3. Center hinge pin (1 point)

REMARK
Grease to the shafts and pin until the grease goes up from seal
portion.

3-59
24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.8 EVERY 2000 HOURS SERVICE

Maintenance for every 50, 250, 500 and 1000 hours service
should be carried out at the same time.

24.8.1 CHANGE OIL IN TRANSFER CASE

WARNING
The oil is at high temperature after the machine has been
operated. Always wait for the temperature to go down before
starting this operation.

Prepare the following.

‡ Container to catch drained oil: Min. 1.3 ¬ capacity
‡ Refill capacity: 1.3 ¬ (0.33 US gal, 0.28 UK gal)

1. Set a container under drain plug P to catch the oil, then remove
drain plug P and drain the oil. Be careful not to get the oil over
yourself.
Loosen drain plug P gradually to prevent the oil from suddenly
spurting out, then remove it slowly.

2. After draining the oil, tighten drain plug P.

Tightening torque: 59 ± 10 N•m (6 ± 1 kgf•m)

3. Add engine oil through oil filler port F to the specified level.

For details of the oil to use, see “20. USE OF FUEL, COOLANT,
AND LUBRICANTS ACCORDING TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURE”.

4. After adding oil, check that the oil is at the specified level. For
details, see “24.2 WHEN REQUIRED”.

5. Check that there is no leakage of oil from the transfer case.

3-60
24. SERVICE PROCEDURE 24. SERVICE PROCEDURE

24.8.2 CHANGE AXLE OIL

WARNING
The oil is at high temperature after the machine has been
operated. Always wait for the temperature to go down before
starting this operation.

Prepare the following.

‡ Container to catch drained oil:
WA20 Min. 8.0 ¬ capacity
WA30, 40, 50 Min. 9.3 ¬ capacity
‡ Refill capacity:
WA20 (front and rear, each) 4.0 ¬ (1.06 US gal, 0.88 UK gal)
WA30, 40, 50 (front) 4.8 ¬ (1.27 US gal, 1.06 UK gal)
(rear) 4.5 ¬ (1.19 US gal, 0.99 UK gal)

1. Set a container to catch the oil under drain plug P.

2. Remove front and rear oil filler plugs 1, then remove drain plug
P to drain the oil.

3. After draining the oil, clean drain plug P, then install it.

4. Add axle oil through plug hole 1 at the specified level.

For details of the oil to use, see “20. USE OF FUEL, COOLANT
AND LUBRICANTS ACCORDING TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURE”.

5. After adding oil, check that the oil is at the specified level. For
details, see “24.2 WHEN REQUIRED”.

24.8.3 CHECK ALTERNATOR, STARTING MOTOR

The brush may be worn, or the bearing may have run out of
grease, so contact your Komatsu distributor for inspection or repair.
If the engine is started frequently, carry out inspection every
1000 hours.

24.8.4 CHECK ENGINE VALVE CLEARANCE, ADJUST

As special tool is required for removing and adjusting the parts,
request your Komatsu distributor for service.

3-61
MEMO

3-62
SPECIFICATIONS

4-1
25. SPECIFICATIONS

WA20-2

PERFORMANCE
‡ Bucket capacity 0.28 m3
‡ Normal load 4.4 kN (450 kgf)

Forward 15.0 km/h

‡ Travel speed
Reverse 15.0 km/h
‡ Max. rimpull 16.7 kN (1,700 kgf)

Outside of chassis 2,540 mm

‡ Min. turning radius
Center of outside tire 2,950 mm

WEIGHT
Including 1 operator
1,735 kg (3,470 lb)
(55 kg, 110 lb) and a canopy
‡ Operating weight
Including 1 operator
1,885 kg (3,770 lb)
(55 kg, 110 lb) and a cab

ENGINE
‡ Model Komatsu 3D78AE-3A diesel engine

‡ Flywheel horsepower 16.2 kW/2,600 rpm

‡ Max. torque 73.5 N•m/1,500rpm (7.5 kgf•m/1,500 rpm)
‡ Starting motor 12 V 1.8 kW

‡ Alternator 12 V 40 A
‡ Battery 12 V 60 Ah x 1 piece

4-2
OPTIONS, ATTACHMENTS

5-1
26. OPTIONAL PARTS AND ATTACHMENTS

Specifications, use
Name
WA20-2 WA30-5 WA40-3 WA50-3

Large bucket Loading and transporting the snow fi (0.4 m ) fi (0.5 m ) fi (0.6 m ) fi (0.8 m )
3 3 3 3

Ranch bucket Loading and transporting at ranch fi (0.65 m ) fi (0.8 m )

3 3

Bolt-on cutting edge fi fi (STD) fi (STD) fi (STD)

Dumping fork
Loading and transporting
small-diameter lumber fi fi fi fi
Lumber fork
Loading and transporting
small-diameter lumber fi fi fi fi
Multi coupler
Easy installation and removing
for other work equipment fi fi fi fi
Steel cab fi fi fi fi
Heater Heating operator’s cab fi fi fi fi
: Available in the future

The other attachments are also available, so please contact your Komatsu distributor.

5-2
27. SEAT BELT

Always install a seat belt on machines equipped with ROPS.

 WARNING
‡ Before fitting the seat belt, check that there is no abnormality
in the mounting bracket and mounting belt of the belt. If the
belt is worn or damaged, replace it.
‡ Always fasten the seat belt before starting operations.
‡ Always use the seat belt during operations.
‡ Do not twist the left or right side of the seat belt when
fastening it.

27.1 FASTENING AND REMOVING BELT

Fasten the belt so that it is tight without being too tight.

1. Sit on the seat, depress the brake pedal fully, and adjust the seat
so that your back is pressed against the backrest.

2. After adjusting the seat position, adjust teaser belt 1. Tense the
teaser belt and install it when there is no one sitting on the seat.
(Machine equipped with suspection seat)

3. Sit on the seat, take buckle 2 and tongue in your left and right
hands, insert tongue into buckle 2, and pull the belt to check that
it is securely locked.

4. When removing the belt, raise the lever of buckle 2 to free the
belt.

Adjust the length of the buckle and tongue so that the belt
follows your body without twisting, and adjust so that the buckle is
in the middle at the front of your body.

5-3
27. SEAT BELT 27. SEAT BELT

27.2 ADJUST BELT LENGTH

TO MAKE BELT SHORTER
Pull the free end of the belt at the buckle end or tongue end.

AE061720

TO MAKE BELT LONGER

Set the belt holding the buckle or tongue end at right angles to
the buckle or tongue, and pull.

AE061730

27.3 CHECK SEAT BELT AND MOUNTS

Check that the bolts for the seat belt mounts on the machine are
not loose. Tighten any loose bolts.

Tightening torque: 24.5 ± 5 N•m (2.5 ± 0.5 kgf•m)

If the belt is damaged or frayed, or the mounting clamps are

damaged or deformed, replace the seat belt.

5-4
28. EQUIPMENT WITH CAB

28.1 SWITCHES

1. ROOM LAMP SWITCH

ON: Lights up
OFF: Goes off OFF
ON

AD051820

5-5
28. EQUIPMENT WITH CAB 28. EQUIPMENT WITH CAB

2. FRONT WIPER SWITCH

This switch operates the front wiper.

It also acts as the window washer switch.

Operate the switch as follows.

‡ Window washer only

Turn the switch to the right to spray out water.

‡ Wiper only
Pull the switch out to operate the wiper.
Position 1: OFF
Position 2: Wiper operates at low speed
Position 3: Wiper operates at high speed

‡ Wiper and window washer

Pull the switch out to the operating position for the wiper, then
turn the switch to the right to spray out water.

Be careful of the following when using the wiper and washer.

‡ Do not spray out the washer fluid continuously for more than 10
seconds.
‡ Do not try to spray out the washer fluid when the washer tank
is empty.

5-6
28. EQUIPMENT WITH CAB 28. EQUIPMENT WITH CAB

3. REAR WIPER SWITCH

This switch operates the rear wiper.

It also acts as the window washer switch.

Operate the switch as follows.

‡ Window washer only

Press the switch to the OFF position to spray out water. ON

OFF
AD051850

‡ Wiper only
Press the switch to the ON position to operate the wiper. ON

OFF
AD051860

‡ Wiper and window washer

Press the switch to the ON position for the wiper, then keep the ON
switch pressed to the ON position to spray out water.

Be careful of the following when using the wiper and washer.

OFF
AD051870

‡ Do not spray out the washer fluid continuously for more than 10
seconds.
‡ Do not try to spray out the washer fluid when the washer tank
is empty.

5-7
28. EQUIPMENT WITH CAB 28. EQUIPMENT WITH CAB

4. FRONT WORKING LAMP SWITCH

ON
 WARNING
Always turn the working lamp off before traveling on public
roads.

The front working lamp lights on when pushing this switch to

ON. OFF
AD051870

5. REAR WORKING LAMP SWITCH (OPTION FOR MACHINE WITH

CAB) ON

 WARNING
Always turn the working lamp off before traveling on public
roads.

The rear working lamp lights on when pushing this switch to ON. OFF
AD051870

6. ROTARY LAMP SWITCH (OPTION FOR MACHINE WITH CAB)

The rotary lamp lights on when pushing this switch to ON. ON

OFF
AD051870

7. HEATER SWITCH
Position 1: OFF
Position 2: Lo
Position 3: Hi

5-8
28. EQUIPMENT WITH CAB 28. EQUIPMENT WITH CAB

8. ACCELERATOR PEDAL STOPPER LEVER

WARNING
When carrying out the warming-up operation, always apply the
parking brake, set the directional lever to the N position and the
work equipment control lever to the HOLD position, and lock
with the safety lock.

This lever holds the accelerator pedal at the position for warming
up (engine speed: 1400 – 1500 rpm).
Position A: HOLD
Depress the accelerator pedal half way (approx. 1600
rpm), then apply the stopper lever.
Position B: RELEASE
Depress the accelerator pedal slightly from the HOLD
position, then return the stopper lever by hand to
release the accelerator pedal.

9. VENT SELECTOR LEVER

This lever selects the vent for the hot air to warm the operator’s
cab.
Position A: All hot air sent to the vent for the front glass defroster
Position B: Divided between vent for heat and vent for front glass
defroster

28.2 REAR WINDOW

Open the rear window of the cab when opening or closing the
tilt hood.

Hold lever 1 by hand and pull. The rear window will open. When
closing the rear window, push in the bottom of the rear window
securely towards the cab.

NOTICE
Except when opening the rear window, always keep it locked to
prevent vandalism.
Check the direction of the key groove on the lever to check that
it is locked.

5-9
28. EQUIPMENT WITH CAB 28. EQUIPMENT WITH CAB

28.3 CHECK AND MAINTENANCE

28.3.1 CHECK WINDOW WASHER FLUID LEVEL, ADD
FLUID
Check the level of the window washer fluid in tank 1. If the level
is low, add automobile washer fluid. Be careful not to let dust get
in when filling the tank.

5-10
25. SPECIFICATIONS 25. SPECIFICATIONS

4-3
25. SPECIFICATIONS 25. SPECIFICATIONS

WA30-5

PERFORMANCE
‡ Bucket capacity 0.4 m3
‡ Normal load 6.3 kN (640 kgf)

Forward 15.0 km/h

‡ Travel speed
Reverse 15.0 km/h
‡ Max. rimpull 25.5 kN (2,600 kgf)

Outside of chassis 3,610 mm

‡ Min. turning radius
Center of outside tire 3,060 mm

WEIGHT
Including 1 operator
2,555 kg (5,110 lb)
(55 kg, 110 lb) and a canopy
‡ Operating weight
Including 1 operator
2,705 kg (5,410 lb)
(55 kg, 110 lb) and a cab

ENGINE
‡ Model Komatsu 3D84E-3D diesel engine

‡ Flywheel horsepower 21.3 kW/2,500 rpm

‡ Max. torque 90 N•m/1,600pm (9.2 kgf•m/1,600 rpm)
‡ Starting motor 12 V 2 kW

‡ Alternator 12 V 40 A
‡ Battery 12 V 60 Ah x 1 piece

4-4
25. SPECIFICATIONS 25. SPECIFICATIONS

4-5
25. SPECIFICATIONS 25. SPECIFICATIONS

WA40-3

PERFORMANCE
‡ Bucket capacity 0.5 m3
‡ Normal load 7.8 kN (800 kgf)

Forward 15.0 km/h

‡ Travel speed
Reverse 15.0 km/h
‡ Max. rimpull 31.9 kN (3,250 kgf)

Outside of chassis 3,820 mm

‡ Min. turning radius
Center of outside tire 3,210 mm

WEIGHT
Including 1 operator
3,055 kg (6,110 lb)
(55 kg, 110 lb) and a canopy
‡ Operating weight
Including 1 operator
3,205 kg (6,410 lb)
(55 kg, 110 lb) and a cab

ENGINE
‡ Model Komatsu S3D84E-3B diesel engine

‡ Flywheel horsepower 27.2 kW/2,500 rpm

‡ Max. torque 123 N•m/1,600 rpm (12.5 kgf•m/1,600 rpm)
‡ Starting motor 12 V 2 kW

‡ Alternator 12 V 40 A
‡ Battery 12 V 60 Ah x 1 piece

4-6
25. SPECIFICATIONS 25. SPECIFICATIONS

4-7
25. SPECIFICATIONS 25. SPECIFICATIONS

WA50-3

PERFORMANCE
‡ Bucket capacity 0.6 m3
‡ Normal load 9.4 kN (960 kgf)

Forward 15.0 km/h

‡ Travel speed
Reverse 15.0 km/h
‡ Max. rimpull 32.4 kN (3,300 kgf)

Outside of chassis 3,930 mm

‡ Min. turning radius
Center of outside tire 3,210 mm

WEIGHT
Including 1 operator
3,445 kg (6910 lb)
(55 kg, 110 lb) and a canopy
‡ Operating weight
Including 1 operator
3,605 kg (7210 lb)
(55 kg, 110 lb) and a cab

ENGINE
‡ Model Komatsu S3D84E-3B diesel engine

‡ Flywheel horsepower 27.2 kW/2,500 rpm

‡ Max. torque 123 N•m/1,600 rpm (12.5 kgf•m/1,600 rpm)
‡ Starting motor 12 V 2 kW

‡ Alternator 12 V 40 A
‡ Battery 12 V 60 Ah x 1 piece (75D31R)

4-8
25. SPECIFICATIONS 25. SPECIFICATIONS

4-9
MEMO

4-10