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Mathematics
Quarter 4 – Module 2
(Week 3 to Week 4)

Trigonometric Functions:
Angle of Elevation
Reminders to Learners
The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in this module.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with
it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you
are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

About the Module

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master about Trigonometric Functions: Angle of Elevation. The scope of this
module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language
used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of you, learners. The lessons are
arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you
read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. describe/illustrate an angle of elevation;
2. identify the line of sight;
3. formulate an equation to solve the missing part of a right triangle; and
4. solve real life problems applying the concepts on angles of elevation.

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 What I Know (Pre-Test)

INSTRUCTIONS: Read and analyze each item carefully. Choose only the letter of
the correct answer. Use CAPITAL letter and write it on a separate sheet of paper. If
the answer is not found among the given choices, write your own answer.

1. It is an angle between the horizontal and the line from the object to the
observer’s eye.
A. acute angle B. right angle C. angle of elevation D. angle of depression
2. It is a line from an observer's eye to a distant point.
A. line of sight B. horizontal line C. angle of elevation D. angle of depression
3. Which of the following illustration on angle of elevation is CORRECT?

A. C. line of sight
line of sight angle of elevation

angle of elevation

B. angle of elevation D. angle of elevation

line of sight line of sight

4. The following trigonometric ratios are correct, EXCEPT:

opposite opposite
A. sin = C. cot =
hypotenuse adjacent
adjacent hypotenuse
B. cos = D. csc =
hypotenuse opposite

For item numbers 5-9, refer to the given figure below.

T

E R

Figure 1

5. Which of the following is the line of sight based on Figure 1?

A. TR B. RE C. ET D. cannot be determined

6. Which of the following measures is the angle of elevation based on Figure 1?

A. 3 m B. 4.2 m C. 38 D. 90

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7. Which of the following trigonometric ratios can be used to solve for the height of
the tree based on Figure 1?
A. cosine B. cotangent C. cosecant D. tangent

8. How far is the observer from the base of the tree based on Figure 1?
A. ET B. 4.2 m C. 38 m D. cannot be determined

9. How tall is the tree in Figure 1? (Round off your answer to the nearest whole
number.)
A. 3 m B. 4 m C. 5 m D. 6 m

10. A ladder rests against a vertical wall such that the top of the ladder reaches the
top of the wall. The ladder is inclined at 60° with the ground, and the bottom of
the ladder is 2 m away from the foot of the wall. Find the length of the ladder.

Refer to Figure 2 (Reference values: cos60 = 0.5 , sin 60 =

2
3
, tan 60 = 3 )

60
2m
Figure 2

A. 3 m B. 4 m C. 5 m D. 6 m

Lesson Angle of Elevation

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What I Need to Know

At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
1. describe/illustrate an angle of elevation;
2. identify the line of sight;
3. formulate an equation to solve the missing part of a right triangle; and
4. solve real life problems applying the concepts on angles of elevation.

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 What’s In

❖ Flashback

Identify the trigonometric ratio or equation to be used in solving the missing parts
of the triangle below.

1) 2) x 3) 5
a
11
300
450
600 9 n

11 x
A. sin 60 = A. sin 30 = A. n = 5sin 45
a 9
11 x
B. cos 60 = B. cos 30 = B. n = 5cos 45
a 9
11 x
C. tan 60 = C. tan 30 = C. n = 5tan 45
a 9

What’s New

Now that you have already recalled the ways how to formulate the
equation involving trigonometric ratios in solving the missing part(s) of a
triangle, explore more its usability in real life.
"Height and distances" are examples of mathematical applications in
Trigonometry. To understand this, you must first understand the most
fundamental concepts of "angle of elevation".
Angle of Elevation
The angle of elevation of an object as seen by the observer is defined as
the angle between the horizontal and the line from the object to the observer’s
eye. The line in which observer’s eye is there is known as the line of sight.
https://www.math-only-math.com/angle-of-elevation.html

O O
line of sight line of sight

angle of elevation angle of elevation

L E E L

In the given diagram, OE is the line of sight while LE is the horizontal line.
LEO is called the angle of elevation of the object, O, as seen from observer, E.

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 What Is It?
❖ Brighten Up!
In Quarter 4 Module 1, you have learned to solve the missing angles and sides of a
right triangle. Now that you also have known how to identify the angle of elevation
with its line of sight, see how to put these skills to work in word problems.
Remember to follow the following steps in solving word problems.

Step 1 Draw an illustration and label it with the given data.

Step 2 Assign a variable for what the problem requires.
Step 3 Formulate the applicable trigonometric ratio and solve.
Step 4 Check if the solved value satisfies the given condition(s) in the
problem.
Step 5 State the conclusion/ answer to the problem.

1. When the angle of elevation of the sun is 55°, the shadow of a coconut tree is
12 m in length. What is the height of the coconut tree?
(Reference values: sin55 = 0.819 , cos55 = 0.574 , tan55 = 1.428 )
Solution:
Let x be the height of the coconut tree

55o
12m
x opposite side
tan 55 = →
12 adjacent side
x = 12 tan 55 → cross multiply
x = 12(1.428) → substitute tan 55 with the value given
x  17.14m → simplify

 The height of the coconut tree is approximately 17.14 m.

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2. An ant is 5 m away from the foot of a 10 m high lamp post. Find out the
angle made by the ant’s eye with the topmost point of the post.
1
(Reference values: sin −1   = 30 , cos −1 = 0 , tan ( 2 ) = 6326'6'' )
−1

2
Solution:
Let x be angle made by the ant’s eye with the topmost point of the post

10m

x
5m
10 opposite side
tan x = →
5 adjacent side
 10 
x = tan −1  
 5
x = tan −1 ( 2 ) → simplify
x  6326 '5.82 ''
 The angle made by the ant’s eye with the topmost point of the post is 6326'6'' .

3. A ladder of length 30 m leans against a wall of length 15m such that their
topmost point is in contact with one another, and their bottom points are at
certain distance. Find
a. the angle subtended by the ladder on the floor.
b. the distance of the ladder from the wall. (Round off to the nearest whole number.)
Solution:

30m
15m

x
y

a. Let x be angle subtended by the ladder on the floor

15 opposite side
sin x = →
30 hypotenuse
 15 
x = sin −1  
 30 
x = sin −1 ( 0.5 ) → simplify
x = 30

 The angle subtended by the ladder on the floor is 30

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 b. Let y be the distance of the ladder from the wall
Reference values:
1
sin 30 = = 0.5
2
3
cos 30 = = 0.866
2
3
tan 30 = = 0.577
3
Solution:
y adjacent side
cos 30 = →
30 hypotenuse
y = 30cos 30 → cross multiply
y = 30(0.866) → substitute cos30with the value given
y  26 → simplify

Alternative solution: (Using tangent function)

15 opposite side
tan 30 = →
y adjacent side
y tan 30 = 15 → cross multiply
y tan 30 15
= → divide by the coefficient of y
tan 30 tan 30
15
y= → simplify
tan 30
15
y= → simplify
0.577
y  26

 The distance of the ladder from the wall is approximately 26 m.

Remember the angle subtended by the ladder on the floor is 300. Thus, you
may use the concept on Special Right Triangles, specifically the 30 − 60 − 90 .
(Refer to Quarter 4 Module 1)

Since the side opposite to the 300 is the shorter side, and the distance
of the foot of the ladder from the wall is the longer side, you can say that

longer side = ( shorter side ) 3

longer side = 15 3
or
longer side  26

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 What’s More

NOW IT’S YOUR TURN!

Analyze and solve. Show your complete solution.

1. A ladder rests against a vertical wall such that the top of the ladder reaches
the top of the wall. The ladder is inclined at 60° with the ground, and the
bottom of the ladder is 2 m away from the foot of the wall. Find
a) the length of the ladder, and
b) the height of the wall.
3
Reference values: cos 60 = 0.5, sin 60 = 0.5, tan 60 = 3
2

60
2m
2. The angle of elevation of the top of a vertical cliff from a point 5 3 m away
from the foot of the cliff is 60°. Find the height of the cliff to the nearest
meter.
3
Reference values: cos 60 = 0.5, sin 60 = 0.5, tan 60 = 3
2

60
5 3m

3. Marites plants a new tree and attaches a guy wire to help support the tree
while its roots take hold. An eight-foot wire is attached to the tree and to a
stake on the ground. From the stake on the ground the angle of elevation of
the connection with the tree is 42º. Find the height of the connection point
on the tree. Round off your answer to the nearest whole number. (A "guy" wire is a
support wire used to hold a newly planted tree in place, preventing it from bending or
up-rooting during high winds.)
(Reference values: sin 42 = 0.669 , cos 42 = 0.743 , tan 42 = 0.900 )

x
42

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 What I Need To Remember

The angle of elevation is always measured between the horizontal line and the
line of sight. It is an upward angle from a horizontal line. It is always inside
the triangle.
You can think of the angle of elevation in relation to the movement of your
eyes as you raise (elevate) your eyes to see the top of a tree.

What I Can Do
Create a problem based on the picture below. Explain how to solve
the problem presented.

https://calcworkshop.com/wp-content/uploads/ship-lighthouse-example.png

Rubric on Problem Formulated and Solved

Score Descriptors
25 Poses a more complex problem with correct solutions and communicates ideas
unmistakably, shows in-depth comprehension of the pertinent concepts
and/or processes, and provide explanations wherever appropriate.
20 Poses a more complex problem and finishes all significant parts of the solution
and communicates ideas unmistakably, shows in-depth comprehension of the
pertinent concepts and/or processes.
15 Poses a more complex problem and finishes most significant parts of the
solution and communicates ideas unmistakably, shows comprehension of
major concepts although neglects or misinterprets less significant ideas or
details
10 Poses a problem and finishes some significant parts of the solution and
communicates ideas unmistakably but shows gaps on theoretical
comprehension.
5 Poses a problem but demonstrate minor comprehension, not being able to
develop an approach.

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 Assessment (Post Test)

INSTRUCTIONS: Read and analyze each item carefully. Choose only the letter of
the correct answer. Use CAPITAL letter and write it on a separate sheet of paper. If
the answer is not found among the given choices, write your own answer.
1. It is an angle between the horizontal and the line from the object to the
observer’s eye.
A. acute angle B. right angle C. angle of elevation D. angle of depression
2. It is a line from an observer's eye to a distant point.
A. line of sight B. horizontal line C. angle of elevation D. angle of depression
3. Which of the following illustration on angle of elevation is CORRECT?

A. C. line of sight
line of sight angle of elevation

angle of elevation

B. angle of elevation D. angle of elevation

line of sight line of sight

4. The following trigonometric ratios are correct, EXCEPT:

adjacent opposite
A. cos = C. tan =
hypotenuse adjacent
opposite hypotenuse
B. sin = D. sec =
hypotenuse opposite
For items 5-9, refer to the given figure below.

https://www.onlinemath4all.com/images/pracprob1.png

Figure 1

5. Which of the following is the line of sight based on Figure 1?

A. AB B. BC C. CA D. cannot be determined
6. Which of the following is the angle of elevation based on Figure 1?
A. 30 B. 50 C. 60 D. 90

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7. Which of the following trigonometric ratio can be used to solve for the height of
the building based on Figure 1?
A. cosine B. cotangent C. cosecant D. tangent
8. How far is the observer from the base of the building based on Figure 1?
A. 50 m B. 55 m C. 60 m D. cannot be determined

9. How tall is the building based on Figure 1? (Round off your answer to the nearest
whole number.)
A. 71 m B. 75 m C. 85 m D. 87 m

10. A 10-m-height pole is kept vertical by a steel wire. The wire is inclined at an
angle of 40° with the horizontal ground. If the wire runs from the top of the pole
to the point on the ground where its other end is fixed, find the length of the
wire. Refer to Figure 2.
(Reference values: sin 40 = 0.643 , cos 40 = 0.766 , tan 40 = 0.839 )

40

Figure 2

A. 15.6 m B. 16.5 m C. 16.7 m D. 17.6 m

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 Answer Key
Remember: This portion of the module contains all the answers. Your HONESTY is
required.

References
Textbook
Merden L. Bryant, et.al, Mathematics Learner’s Material 9. (Meralco Ave.,
Pasig City: Vibal Group Inc.) pp. 282-287
Text Book

Websites

“Angle of Elevation”, math-only-math.com, accessed May 10, 2021,

https://www.math-only-math.com/angle-of-elevation.html
“Trigonometry Word Problems”, mathbitsnotebook.com, accessed May 10,
2021,https://mathbitsnotebook.com/Geometry/Trigonometry/TGElev
Depress.html
https://www.math-only-math.com/worksheet-on-heights-and-
distances.html
https://www.math-only-math.com/worksheet-on-heights-and-
distances.html
https://study.com/academy/answer/the-top-of-a-20-foot-ladder-leans-
against-a-wall-and-the-bottom-of-the-ladder-slides-away-from-the-
wall-at-a-rate-of-6-ft-sec-fi

Cliparts

Clipart 1: retrieved May 10, 2021, https://canstockphoto.com/

Clipart 2: retrieved May 10, 2021, https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/
Clipart 3: retrieved May 10, 2021, https://study.com/
Clipart 4: retrieved May 10, 2021, https://calcworkshop.com/
Clipart 5: retrieved May 10, 2021, https://www.onlinemath4all.com/
Clipart 6: retrieved May 13, 2021, https://www.clipartkey.com/

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 Congratulations!
You are now ready for the next module. Always remember the following:

1. Make sure every answer sheet has your

▪ Name
▪ Grade and Section
▪ Title of the Activity or Activity No.
2. Follow the date of submission of answer sheets as agreed with your
teacher.
3. Keep the modules with you AND return them at the end of the school
year or whenever face-to-face interaction is permitted.

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