CLASS XII CHEMISTRY CHAPTER WISE QUESTION PAPER

ALCOHOLS ,PHENOLS AND ETHERS

MAX MARKS:70 TIME:03 hours

General Instructions:
(a) There are 35 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
(b) SECTION A consists of 18 multiple choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
(c) SECTION B consists of 07 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
(d) SECTION C consists of 05 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
(e) SECTION D consists of 02 Case based question carrying 4 marks each.
(f) SECTION E consists of 03 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
(g) All questions are compulsory.
(h) Use of log tables and calculators not allowed.

Q.1 Acid-catalysed hydration of alkenes except ethene leads to the formation of : 1

(a)primary alcohol
(b)secondary or tertiary alcohol
(c)mixture of primary and secondary alcohol
(d)mixture of secondary and tertiary alcohol

Q.2 From amongst the following alcohols, the one that would react faster with conc HCl 1
and anhydrous ZnCl2 ,is
(a)2-methypropanol
(b)1-butanol
(c)2-butanol
(d)2-methylpropan-2-ol
Q.3 Identify following 1
reaction:
(a) Wurtz Reaction
(b) Etard Reaction
(c) Reimer Tiemann
Reaction
(d) Kolbe Reaction

Q.4 Ortho-nitrophenol is less soluble in water than p- and m-nitrophenols because 1

(a)o-nitrophenol shows intramolecular H-bonding
(b)o-nitrophenol shows intermolecular H-bonding
(c)melting point of o-nitrophenol is lower than those of m- and p-nitrophenols
(d)o-nitrophenols is more volatile in steam than those of m- and p-isomers
Q.5 An organic compound X on treatment with pyridinium chlorochromate in
dichloromethane gives compound Y. Compound Y reacts with I2 and alkali to form
triiodo methane . The compound ‘X’ is
(a)CH2CH2OH (b)CH3CHO (c)CH3COCH3 (d)CH3COOH

Q.6 Compound ‘A’ of molecular formula C4H10O on treatment with Lucas reagent at room 1
temperature gives a compound ‘B’.When compound‘B’ is heated with alcoholic KOH,
it gives isobutene. Compound ‘A’ and ‘B’ are respectively
(a) 2-methyl-2propanol and 2-chloro-2-mehtyl-propane
1
 (b) 2-methyl-1-propanol and 1-chloro-2methyl-propane
(c) 2-methyl-1-propanol and 2-chloro-2methyl-propane
(d) butan-2-ol and 2-chlorobutane
Gfhgh
Q.7 Which of the following reagent may be used to distinguish between phenol and 1
benzoic acid?
(a) Neutral FeCl3
(b) Aqueous NaOH
(c) Tollen’s reagent
(d) Molisch reagent
Ujhjhs
Q8 Reaction of phenol with carbon tetra chloride in presence of dilute sodium hydroxide 1
finally introduces which one of the following functional group?
Dssss( (a) – COOH (b) – CHCl2 (c) – CHO (d) – CH2Cl
YHGY
Q.9 Heating of phenyl methyl ether with HI produces 1
Uhu (a)iodobenzene (b) phenol (c) benzene (d) ethyl chloride

FDDD
Q.10 Lucas reagent is: 1
(a) anhydrousCaCl2 and conc. HCI
(b) anhydrous ZnCl2 and conc. HCI
(c) anhydrous AlCl3 and conc. HCI
(d) anhydrous PdCl2 and conc. HCl
Q.11 Vapours of an alcohol X when passed over hot reduced copper, produce an alkene, 1
the alcohol is
(a) primary alcohol (b) secondary alcohol (c) tertiary alcohol (d) dihydric alcohol

Iod
Q.12 Iodoform test is not given by 1
(a) Ethanol (b) Ethanal (c) Pentan-2-one (d) Pentan-3-one
Q.13 Phenol when treated with neutral FeCl3 , it gives a complex of 1
(a) violet colour (b) red colour (c) green colour (d) yellow colour
Q.14 A tertiary alcohol is obtained by the reaction of Grignard reagent with: 1
(a) Butanone (b) Propanone (c) Acetone (d) All of the above

Given
Q.15 Given below consist of an "Assertion" (A) and "Reason" (R) Type questions. Use the 1
following Key to choose the appropriate answer.
a. If both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
b. If both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
c. If (A) is true but (R) is false.
d. If (A) is false but (R) is true.
an " Assertion: An ether is more volatile than an alcohol of comparable molecular mass.
d Reason : Ethers are polar in nature.
Q.16 Given below consist of an "Assertion" (A) and "Reason" (R) Type questions. Use the 1
following Key to choose the appropriate answer.
a. If both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
b. If both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
c. If (A) is true but (R) is false.
d. If (A) is false but (R) is true.
Asse Assertion: Phenols are more acidic than aliphatic alcohols.
Reason: The phenoxide ion is more resonance stabilised than alkoxide ion.
Q.17 Given below consist of an "Assertion" (A) and "Reason" (R) Type questions. Use the 1
following Key to choose the appropriate answer.
2
 a. If both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
b. If both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
c. If (A) is true but (R) is false.
d. If (A) is false but (R) is true.
Assertion: Phenol is more reactive than benzene towards electrophilic substitution
reaction.
Reason: In case of phenol, the intermediate carbocation is more stabilized by
resonance.
Q.18 Given below consist of an "Assertion" (A) and "Reason" (R) Type questions. Use the 1
following Key to choose the appropriate answer.
a. If both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
b. If both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
c. If (A) is true but (R) is false.
d. If (A) is false but (R) is true.

Assertion: Tertiary alcohols gets converted into an alkene instead of a carbonyl

compounds in the presence of heated metallic copper.
Reason: Tertiary alcohols prefer to undergo dehydrogenation instead of
dehydration in the presence of heated copper.
Ans:
Q.19 Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of their boiling point. 2
a.Propan-1-ol, Butan-1-ol, Butan-2-ol and Pentan-1-ol.
b.Pentanal, n-Butane, Ethoxyethane and Pentan-1-ol.

Q.20 How will you bring about following conversions: 2

a.Phenol to picric acid b.Phenol to Aspirin

Q.21 Write IUPAC names of the following compounds: 2

Q.22 Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: 2
a. 2-Methylbutan-2-ol b. 2,3 – Diethylphenol
Q.23 Arrange the following sets of compounds in order of their increasing boiling points: 2
(a) Pentan-1-ol, butan-1-ol, butan-2-ol, ethanol, propan-1-ol, methanol.
(b) Pentan-1-ol, n-butane, pentanal, ethoxyethane.

Q.24 Give mechanism for the Hydration of alkenes 2

Q.25 Give test to differentiate between following pairs: 2
a.Phenol and Benzoic acid
b. Phenol and Aniline

Q.26 Give mechanism for the acidic dehydration of alcohols to give ethers. 3
𝑐𝑛𝑜𝑐 𝐻2𝑆𝑂4 ,413 𝐾
ANS: C2H5-OH + HO- C2H5 → C2H5 -O- C2H5 + H2O

3
Q.27 How will you bring about following conversions: 3
a. Chlorobenzene to phenol
b.Cumene to phenol
c.Phenol to benzoquinone
OR
a.Methyl magnesium bromide to 2-Methylpropan-2-ol
b.Bromo methane to propan-2-ol
c.Chloro ethane to propan-1-ol

Q.28 Give test to differentiate between following pairs: 3

a.Methanol and Ethanol
b.Propanol and Propan-2-ol
c.2-Methyl Propan-2-ol and Propanol

Q.29 Give the major products that are formed by heating each of the following ethers with 3
HI.

Q.30 Give Reasons: 3

a.In ethers R─ O ─ R bond is slightly larger than normal tetrahedral bond angle?
b. Ethers are fairly soluble in water?
c.Anisole can not be prepared by reaction of bromobenzene or iodo benzene with
sodium salt of corresponding alcohols i.e sodium ethoxide?

Q.31 Alcohols and phenols behave as weak acids due to the presence of polar -OH group in 4
them. Phenols are, however, stronger acids than alcohols because the phenoxide ion
is stabilized by resonance. Presence of electron withdrawing groups on the ring
further increases the acidic strength of phenol.
(a) Out of Phenol & Benzyl alcohol, which has lower value of pKa and why?
(b) Out of o-Cresol and o-Nitrophenol, which has higher value of pKa?
(c) Which compound has shorter bond length- Phenol or Cyclohexanol? Give reason.
(d) Which species out of ethoxide ion and phenoxide ion, is stronger base

Q.32 A compound (X) containing C, H and O is unreactive towards sodium. It also does not 4
react with Schiff’s reagent. On refluxing with an excess of hydroiodic acid, (X) yields
only one organic product (Y). On hydrolysis, (Y) yields a new compound (Z) which can
be converted into (Y) by reaction with red phosphorous and iodine. The compound (Z)
on oxidation with potassium permanganate gives a carboxylic acid. The equivalent
weight of this acid is 60.
The following questions are multiple choice questions. Choose the most appropriate
answer:
A. The compound (X) is an
(a) acid (b) aldehyde (c) alcohol (d) ether
4
 B. The IUPAC name of the acid formed is
(a) methanoic acid (b) ethanoic acid (c) propanoic acid (d) butanoic acid

C. Compound (Y) is
(a) ethyl iodide (b) methyl iodide (c) propyl iodide (d) mixture of (a) and (b)

D.Compound (Z) is
(a) methanol (b) ethanol (c) propanol (d) butanol

Q.33 Write the equations involved in the following reactions: 5

a.Kolbe Reaction

b.Williamson’s synthesis

c. Esterification

d. Hydroboration–oxidation

e. Reimer-Tiemann reaction:
Q.34 Give Reasons: 5
a. Phenol is more acidic than alcohols(Ethanol).
b. Phenol has small dipole moment than methanol.
c. Ortho – nitrophenol is more acidic than Ortho – methoxyphenol.
d. The presence of electron withdrawing groups such as nitro group enhances the
acidic strength of phenol.
e. The presence of electron releasing groups such as alkyl group decreases the acidic
strength of phenol.
Q.35 Give Reasons: 5
a.The boiling point of alcohols and phenols are higher in comparison to hydrocarbons,
ethers, and halo alkanes of comparable molecular mass.?
b.Alcohols are comparatively more soluble in water than the corresponding
Hydrocarbons
c. Lower alcohols are soluble in water, higher alcohols are not.
d. The boiling point of alcohols and phenols increase with increase in number of
carbon atoms.
e. In alcohols the boiling point decreases with increase in branching.

****

5
 CLASS XII CHEMISTRY CHAPTER WISE QUESTION PAPER
ALCOHOLS ,PHENOLS AND ETHERS

MAX MARKS:70 TIME:03 hours

ANSWER KEY

Q.1 Acid-catalysed hydration of alkenes except ethene leads to the formation of : 1

(a)primary alcohol
(b)secondary or tertiary alcohol
(c)mixture of primary and secondary alcohol
(d)mixture of secondary and tertiary alcohol

ANS: (b)secondary or tertiary alcohol

Q.2 From amongst the following alcohols, the one that would react faster with conc HCl 1
and anhydrous ZnCl2 ,is
(a)2-methypropanol
(b)1-butanol
(c)2-butanol
(d)2-methylpropan-2-ol
ANS: (d)2-methylpropan-2-ol

Q.3 Identify following 1

reaction:
(e) Wurtz Reaction
(f) Etard Reaction
(g) Reimer
Tiemann
Reaction
(h) Kolbe Reaction

ANS: (c) Reimer Tiemann Reaction

Q.4 Ortho-nitrophenol is less soluble in water than p- and m-nitrophenols because 1

(a)o-nitrophenol shows intramolecular H-bonding
(b)o-nitrophenol shows intermolecular H-bonding
(c)melting point of o-nitrophenol is lower than those of m- and p-nitrophenols
(d)o-nitrophenols is more volatile in steam than those of m- and p-isomers
ANS: (a)o-nitrophenol shows intramolecular H-bonding
Q.5 An organic compound X on treatment with pyridinium chlorochromate in
dichloromethane gives compound Y. Compound Y reacts with I2 and alkali to form
triiodo methane . The compound ‘X’ is
(a)CH3CH2OH (b)CH3CHO (c)CH3COCH3 (d)CH3COOH

ANS: (a)CH3CH2OH

6
Q.6 Compound ‘A’ of molecular formula C4H10O on treatment with Lucas reagent at room 1
temperature gives a compound ‘B’.When compound‘B’ is heated with alcoholic KOH,
it gives isobutene. Compound ‘A’ and ‘B’ are respectively
(e) 2-methyl-2propanol and 2-chloro-2-mehtyl-propane
(f) 2-methyl-1-propanol and 1-chloro-2methyl-propane
(g) 2-methyl-1-propanol and 2-chloro-2methyl-propane
(h) butan-2-ol and 2-chlorobutane

ANS: (a) 2-methyl-2propanol and 2-chloro-2-mehtyl-propane

Gfhgh
Q.7 Which of the following reagent may be used to distinguish between phenol and 1
benzoic acid?
(e) Neutral FeCl3
(f) Aqueous NaOH
(g) Tollen’s reagent
(h) Molisch reagent

ANS: (a) Neutral FeCl3

Ujhjhs
Q8 Reaction of phenol with carbon tetra chloride in presence of dilute sodium hydroxide 1
finally introduces which one of the following functional group?
Dssss( (a) – COOH
((B)uh (b) – CHCl2
FDGFS (c) – CHO
Fghfg (d) – CH2Cl
(JIJIJIJI
ANS: ( ANS: (a) – COOH
YHGY
Q.9 Heating of phenyl methyl ether with HI produces 1
Uhu (a)iodobenzene
Ijij I (b)phenol
(c) benzene
(d) ethyl chloride

ANS: (b)phenol
FDDD
Q.10 Lucas reagent is: 1
(a) anhydrousCaCl2 and conc. HCI
(b) anhydrous ZnCl2 and conc. HCI
(c) anhydrous AlCl3 and conc. HCI
(d) anhydrous PdCl2 and conc. HCl
ANS : ANS: (b) anhydrous ZnCl2 and conc. HCI

Vapours of an alcohol X when passed over hot reduced copper, produce an alkene,
Q.11 1
the alcohol is (a) primary alcohol (b) secondary alcohol (c) tertiary alcohol
(d) dihydric alcohol
ANS: (c) tertiary alcohol
Iod
Q.12 Iodoform test is not given by 1
(a) Ethanol (b) Ethanal (c) Pentan-2-one (d) Pentan-3-one
ANS:
ANS: (d) Pentan-3-one
ANS:

7
Pheno
Q.13 When treated with neutral FeCl3 , it gives a complex of 1
(a) violet colour (b) red colour (c) green colour (d) yellow colour
ANS: (a) violet colour

Q.14 A tertiary alcohol is obtained by the reaction of Grignard reagent with: 1

(a) Butanone (b) Propanone (c) Acetone (d) All of the above

ANS: (c) Acetone

Given
Q.15 Given below consist of an "Assertion" (A) and "Reason" (R) Type questions. Use the 1
following Key to choose the appropriate answer.
a. If both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
b. If both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
c. If (A) is true but (R) is false.
d. If (A) is false but (R) is true.
an " Assertion(A): An ether is more volatile than an alcohol of comparable molecular mass.
d Reason (R): Ethers are polar in nature.
Ans: b

Q.16 Given below consist of an "Assertion" (A) and "Reason" (R) Type questions. Use the 1
following Key to choose the appropriate answer.
a. If both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
b. If both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
c. If (A) is true but (R) is false.
d. If (A) is false but (R) is true.
Asse Assertion: Phenols are more acidic than aliphatic alcohols.
Reason: The phenoxide ion is more resonance stabilised than alkoxide ion.
Ans Ans: a

Q.17 Given below consist of an "Assertion" (A) and "Reason" (R) Type questions. Use the 1
following Key to choose the appropriate answer.
a. If both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
b. If both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
c. If (A) is true but (R) is false.
d. If (A) is false but (R) is true.
Assertion: Phenol is more reactive than benzene towards electrophilic substitution
reaction.
Reason: In case of phenol, the intermediate carbocation is more stabilized by
resonance.
Ans: Ans: a

Q.18 Given below consist of an "Assertion" (A) and "Reason" (R) Type questions. Use the 1
following Key to choose the appropriate answer.
a. If both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
b. If both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
c. If (A) is true but (R) is false.
d. If (A) is false but (R) is true.

Assertion: Tertiary alcohols gets converted into an alkene instead of a carbonyl

compounds in the presence of heated metallic copper.

8
 Reason: Tertiary alcohols prefer to undergo dehydrogenation instead of
dehydration in the presence of heated copper.
Ans: Ans: c

Q.19 Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of their boiling point. 2
a.Propan-1-ol, Butan-1-ol, Butan-2-ol and Pentan-1-ol.
b.Pentanal, n-Butane, Ethoxyethane and Pentan-1-ol.

ANS: a. Propan-1-ol, Butan-2-ol, Butan-1-ol and Pentan-1-ol.

b. n-Butane, Ethoxyethane, Pentanal, Pentan-1-ol.

Q.20 How will you bring about following conversions: 2

a.Phenol to picric acid b.Phenol to Aspirin

ANS: a.

b.

Q.21 Write IUPAC names of the following compounds: 2

ANS: a. 2,2,4-Trimethylpentan-3-ol b. 5-Ethylheptane-2,4-diol

Q.22 Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: 2
a. 2-Methylbutan-2-ol b. 2,3 – Diethylphenol
ANS: a.

9
 b.

Q.23 Arrange the following sets of compounds in order of their increasing boiling points: 2
(a) Pentan-1-ol, butan-1-ol, butan-2-ol, ethanol, propan-1-ol, methanol.
(b) Pentan-1-ol, n-butane, pentanal, ethoxyethane.

ANS: (a) Methanol, ethanol, propan-1-ol, butan-2-ol, butan-1-ol, pentan-1-ol.

(b) n-Butane, ethoxyethane, pentanal and pentan-1-ol.

Q.24 Give mechanism for the Hydration of alkenes 2

ANS:

Q.25 Give test to differentiate between following pairs: 2

a.Phenol and Benzoic acid
b. Phenol and Aniline

ANS:a. Phenol reacts with Neutral FeCl3 to form a complex of Violet colour.
3 PhOH (Phenol) + FeCl3 (Neutral) → Violet colouration (PhO)3 Fe + 3 HCl
Ferric Phenate
b. Phenol reacts with Neutral FeCl3 to form a complex of Violet colour.
3 PhOH (Phenol) + FeCl3 (Neutral) → Violet colouration (PhO)3 Fe + 3 HCl
Ferric Phenate

10
Q.26 Give mechanism for the acidic dehydration of alcohols to give ethers. 3
𝑐𝑛𝑜𝑐 𝐻2𝑆𝑂4 ,413 𝐾
ANS: C2H5-OH + HO- C2H5 → C2H5 -O- C2H5 + H2O

Q.27 How will you bring about following conversions: 3

a. Chlorobenzene to phenol
b.Cumene to phenol
c.Phenol to benzoquinone
OR
a.Methyl magnesium bromide to 2-Methylpropan-2-ol
b.Bromo methane to propan-2-ol
c.Chloro ethane to propan-1-ol

𝑎𝑙𝑐 𝐾𝐶𝑁 𝑅𝑒𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐻𝑁𝑂2

CH3 CH2 Cl → CH3 CH2 CN → CH3 CH2 CH2NH2 → CH3 CH2
CH2OH

ANS: a.

b.

c.

11
 OR

b.

𝑎𝑙𝑐 𝐾𝐶𝑁 𝑅𝑒𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐻𝑁𝑂2

c. CH3 CH2 Cl → CH3 CH2 CN → CH3 CH2 CH2NH2 → CH3 CH2
CH2OH

Q.28 Give test to differentiate between following pairs: 3

a.Methanol and Ethanol
b.Propanol and Propan-2-ol
c.2-Methyl Propan-2-ol and Propanol

ANS: a.Ethanol when heated with I2 in presence of NaOH ,yellow ppt of iodoform is
formed.

CH3CH2 OH + I2 + NaOH → HCOONa + CHI3 + NaI + H2O

Yellow Ppt
b. Propan-2-ol when heated with I2 in presence of NaOH ,yellow ppt of iodoform is
formed.
CH3CH(OH) CH3 + I2 + NaOH → CH3COONa + CHI3 + NaI + H2O
Yellow Ppt
c.2-Methyl Propan-2-ol being tertiary alcohol, when treated with Lucas reagent form
turbidity immediately.
Propanol being primary alcohol, when treated with Lucas reagent does not form
turbidity at room pemperature.

12
Q.29 Give the major products that are formed by heating each of the following ethers with 3
HI.

ANS:

Q.30 Give Reasons: 3

a.In ethers R─ O ─ R bond is slightly larger than normal tetrahedral bond angle?
ANS:Due to greater repulsion between bulkier alkyl group.
b. Ethers are fairly soluble in water?
ANS. This is due to the fact that just like alcohols, oxygen
of ether can also form hydrogen bonds with water
molecule as shown:

c.Anisole can not be prepared by reaction of bromobenzene or iodo benzene with

sodium salt of corresponding alcohols i.e sodium ethoxide?

ANS: During Williamson synthesis bromobenzene or iodo benzene has to go

nucleophilic substitution and aryl halides are much less reactive than alkyl halides
towards nucleophilic substitution reactions.

Q.31 Alcohols and phenols behave as weak acids due to the presence of polar -OH group in 4
them. Phenols are, however, stronger acids than alcohols because the phenoxide ion
is stabilized by resonance. Presence of electron withdrawing groups on the ring
further increases the acidic strength of phenol.
(a) Out of Phenol & Benzyl alcohol, which has lower value of pKa and why?
(b) Out of o-Cresol and o-Nitrophenol, which has higher value of pKa?
(c) Which compound has shorter bond length- Phenol or Cyclohexanol? Give reason.
(d) Which species out of ethoxide ion and phenoxide ion, is stronger base

Ans: (a) Phenol, because the phenoxide ion is stabilized by resonance.

(b) o-Cresol
(c) Phenol has shorter bond length due to partial double bond character attributed to
resonance. (d) Ethoxide ion.
Q.32 A compound (X) containing C, H and O is unreactive towards sodium. It also does not 4
react with Schiff’s reagent. On refluxing with an excess of hydroiodic acid, (X) yields
only one organic product (Y). On hydrolysis, (Y) yields a new compound (Z) which can

13
 be converted into (Y) by reaction with red phosphorous and iodine. The compound (Z)
on oxidation with potassium permanganate gives a carboxylic acid. The equivalent
weight of this acid is 60.
The following questions are multiple choice questions. Choose the most appropriate
answer:
A. The compound (X) is an
(a) acid (b) aldehyde (c) alcohol (d) ether

B. The IUPAC name of the acid formed is

(a) methanoic acid (b) ethanoic acid (c) propanoic acid (d) butanoic acid

C. Compound (Y) is
(a) ethyl iodide (b) methyl iodide (c) propyl iodide (d) mixture of (a) and (b)

D.Compound (Z) is
(a) methanol (b) ethanol (c) propanol (d) butanol

Ans: A. (d) ether

B. (b) ethanoic acid
C. (a) ethyl iodide
D. (b) ethanol

Since the compound 'X' does not react with sodium, so it is neither an acid, nor an
alcohol (-OH group absent).
compound 'X' does not react with Schiff's reagent, so it is not an aldehyde.
Compound 'X' yields only one product with excess of HI, so it may be an ether and last
product of the given sequence of reactions is an acid with molecular weight 60, so
the acid is acetic acid (CH3COOH) and the ether is diethyl ether.
(because acid is a 2C compound so ether contains 4 carbons.)

Q.33 Write the equations involved in the following reactions: 5

a.Kolbe Reaction

14
 b.Williamson’s synthesis :In this method, an alkyl halide reacts with sodium alkoxide
to form an ether.

c. Esterification
Alcohols and phenols react with carboxylic acids, acid chlorides and acid anhydrides
to form esters.

d. Hydroboration–oxidation

e. Reimer-Tiemann reaction: On
treating phenol with chloroform/CCl4 in the presence of sodium hydroxide, a –CHO/ -
COOH group is introduced at ortho position of benzene ring. This reaction is known as
Reimer - Tiemann reaction.

Q.34 Give Reasons: 5

a. Phenol is more acidic
than alcohols(Ethanol).
ANS. Phenol is more
acidic than
alcohols(Ethanol).
Because Phenoxide ion is more stablised than alkoxide ion since in phenoxide ion, the
charge is delocalised.,The delocalisation of negative charge makes phenoxide ion
more stable and favours the ionisation of phenol.

b. Phenol has small dipole moment than methanol.

ANS. Phenol has small dipole moment than methanol due to electron-withdrawing
effect of the benzene ring, the C ―O bond in phenol is less polar but in case of
15
 methanol due to electron-donating effect of CH3 group, C ―O bond is more polar.
c. Ortho – nitrophenol is more acidic than Ortho – methoxyphenol.
ANS:Ortho-nitrophenol is more acidic
because nitro group is electron withdrawing
and will increase +ve Charge on oxygen to
make it more acidic whereas –OCH3 group is
electron releasing and it will increase
electron density on oxygen thus making it
less acidic.

d. The presence of electron withdrawing groups such as nitro group enhances the
acidic strength of phenol.
ANS: The presence of electron withdrawing groups such as nitro group enhances the
acidic strength of phenol.This effect is more pronounced when such a group is
present at ortho and para positions. It is due to the effective delocalisation of
negative charge in phenoxide ion.

e. The presence of electron releasing groups such as alkyl group decreases the acidic
strength of phenol.
A. The presence of electron releasing groups such as alkyl group decreases the acidic
strength of phenol. Because electron releasing groups, such as alkyl groups, in
general, do not favour the formation of phenoxide ion resulting in decrease in acid
strength. Cresols, for example, are less acidic than phenol.

Q.35 Give Reasons: 5

a.The boiling point of alcohols and phenols are higher in comparison to hydrocarbons,
ethers, and halo alkanes of comparable molecular mass.?
ANS: The boiling point of alcohols and phenols are higher in comparison to
hydrocarbons, ethers, haloalkanes .because the –OH group in alcohols and phenols is
involved in intermolecular hydrogen bonding

b.Alcohols are comparatively more soluble in water than the corresponding

Hydrocarbons
ANS: Alcohols are comparatively more soluble in water than the corresponding
hydrocarbons because it can form intermolecular Hydrogen -bonding with water .

c. Lower alcohols are soluble in water, higher alcohols are not.

ANS. Lower alcohols are soluble in water, higher alcohols are not. as lower alcohols
are able to form stronger hydrogen bonds with water.

d. The boiling point of alcohols and phenols increase with increase in number of
carbon atoms.
ANS. The boiling point of alcohols and phenols increase with increase in number of
carbon atoms because of increase in vander Waals forces.

e. In alcohols the boiling point decreases with increase in branching.

ANS: In alcohols the boiling point decreases with increase in branching. because of
decrease in van der Waals forces with decrease in surface area
****

16
17