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RD Sharma Class 8 Maths Chapter 2 Powers Exercise 2.1

This document provides solutions to exercises in Chapter 2 – Powers from the textbook RD Sharma Solutions for Class 8 Maths. The exercises involve evaluating expressions with rational exponents, performing operations on expressions with rational exponents, and determining unknown values to make equations with rational exponents equal. The solutions demonstrate properties of rational exponents such as a-n = 1/an and (1/a)-n = an. Operations include addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, raising to powers, and finding roots of expressions with rational exponents.

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622 views5 pages

RD Sharma Class 8 Maths Chapter 2 Powers Exercise 2.1

This document provides solutions to exercises in Chapter 2 – Powers from the textbook RD Sharma Solutions for Class 8 Maths. The exercises involve evaluating expressions with rational exponents, performing operations on expressions with rational exponents, and determining unknown values to make equations with rational exponents equal. The solutions demonstrate properties of rational exponents such as a-n = 1/an and (1/a)-n = an. Operations include addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, raising to powers, and finding roots of expressions with rational exponents.

Uploaded by

ranjanbehera6269
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RD Sharma Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter

2 – Powers

EXERCISE 2.1 PAGE NO: 2.8

1. Express each of the following as a rational number of the form p/q, where p and q
are integers and q ≠ 0:
(i) 2-3
(ii) (-4)-2
(iii) 1/(3)-2
(iv) (1/2)-5
(v) (2/3)-2
Solution:
(i) 2-3 = 1/23 = 1/2×2×2 = 1/8 (we know that a-n = 1/an)

(ii) (-4)-2 = 1/-42 = 1/-4×-4 = 1/16 (we know that a-n = 1/an)

(iii) 1/(3)-2 = 32 = 3×3 = 9 (we know that 1/a-n = an)

(iv) (1/2)-5 = 25 / 15 = 2×2×2×2×2 = 32 (we know that a-n = 1/an)

(v) (2/3)-2 = 32 / 22 = 3×3 / 2×2 = 9/4 (we know that a-n = 1/an)

2. Find the values of each of the following:


(i) 3-1 + 4-1
(ii) (30 + 4-1) × 22
(iii) (3-1 + 4-1 + 5-1)0
(iv) ((1/3)-1 – (1/4)-1)-1
Solution:
(i) 3-1 + 4-1
1/3 + 1/4 (we know that a-n = 1/an)
LCM of 3 and 4 is 12
(1×4 + 1×3)/12
(4+3)/12
7/12

(ii) (30 + 4-1) × 22


(1 + 1/4) × 4 (we know that a-n = 1/an, a0 = 1)
LCM of 1 and 4 is 4
(1×4 + 1×1)/4 × 4
(4+1)/4 × 4
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter
2 – Powers

5/4 × 4
5

(iii) (3-1 + 4-1 + 5-1)0


(We know that a0 = 1)
(3-1 + 4-1 + 5-1)0 = 1

(iv) ((1/3)-1 – (1/4)-1)-1


(31 – 41)-1 (we know that 1/a-n = an, a-n = 1/an)
(3-4)-1
(-1)-1
1/-1 = -1

3. Find the values of each of the following:


(i) (1/2)-1 + (1/3)-1 + (1/4)-1
(ii) (1/2)-2 + (1/3)-2 + (1/4)-2
(iii) (2-1 × 4-1) ÷ 2-2
(iv) (5-1 × 2-1) ÷ 6-1
Solution:
(i) (1/2)-1 + (1/3)-1 + (1/4)-1
21 + 31 + 41 (we know that 1/a-n = an)
2+3+4 = 9

(ii) (1/2)-2 + (1/3)-2 + (1/4)-2


22 + 32 + 42 (we know that 1/a-n = an)
2×2 + 3×3 + 4×4
4+9+16 = 29

(iii) (2-1 × 4-1) ÷ 2-2


(1/21 × 1/41) / (1/22) (we know that a-n = 1/an)
(1/2 × 1/4) × 4/1 (we know that 1/a ÷ 1/b = 1/a × b/1)
1/2

(iv) (5-1 × 2-1) ÷ 6-1


(1/51 × 1/21) / (1/61) (we know that a-n = 1/an)
(1/5 × 1/2) × 6/1 (we know that 1/a ÷ 1/b = 1/a × b/1)
3/5
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter
2 – Powers

4. Simplify:
(i) (4-1 × 3-1)2
(ii) (5-1 ÷ 6-1)3
(iii) (2-1 + 3-1)-1
(iv) (3-1 × 4-1)-1 × 5-1
Solution:
(i) (4-1 × 3-1)2 (we know that a-n = 1/an)
(1/4 × 1/3)2
(1/12)2
(1×1 / 12×12)
1/144

(ii) (5-1 ÷ 6-1)3


((1/5) / (1/6))3 (we know that a-n = 1/an)
((1/5) × 6)3 (we know that 1/a ÷ 1/b = 1/a × b/1)
(6/5)3
6×6×6 / 5×5×5
216/125

(iii) (2-1 + 3-1)-1


(1/2 + 1/3)-1 (we know that a-n = 1/an)
LCM of 2 and 3 is 6
((1×3 + 1×2)/6)-1
(5/6)-1
6/5

(iv) (3-1 × 4-1)-1 × 5-1


(1/3 × 1/4)-1 × 1/5 (we know that a-n = 1/an)
(1/12)-1 × 1/5
12/5

5. Simplify:
(i) (32 + 22) × (1/2)3
(ii) (32 – 22) × (2/3)-3
(iii) ((1/3)-3 – (1/2)-3) ÷ (1/4)-3
(iv) (22 + 32 – 42) ÷ (3/2)2
Solution:
(i) (32 + 22) × (1/2)3
(9 + 4) × 1/8 = 13/8
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter
2 – Powers

(ii) (32 – 22) × (2/3)-3


(9-4) × (3/2)3
5 × (27/8)
135/8

(iii) ((1/3)-3 – (1/2)-3) ÷ (1/4)-3


(33 - 23) ÷ 43 (we know that 1/a-n = an)
(27-8) ÷ 64
19 × 1/64 (we know that 1/a ÷ 1/b = 1/a × b/1)
19/64

(iv) (22 + 32 – 42) ÷ (3/2)2


(4 + 9 - 16) ÷ (9/4)
(-3) × 4/9 (we know that 1/a ÷ 1/b = 1/a × b/1)
-4/3

6. By what number should 5-1 be multiplied so that the product may be equal to (-7)-
1
?
Solution:
Let us consider a number x
So, 5-1 × x = (-7)-1
1/5 × x = 1/-7
x = (-1/7) / (1/5)
= (-1/7) × (5/1)
= -5/7

7. By what number should (1/2)-1 be multiplied so that the product may be equal to
(-4/7)-1?
Solution:
Let us consider a number x
So, (1/2)-1 × x = (-4/7)-1
1/(1/2) × x = 1/(-4/7)
x = (-7/4) / (2/1)
= (-7/4) × (1/2)
= -7/8

8. By what number should (-15)-1 be divided so that the quotient may be equal to (-
5)-1?
Solution:
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter
2 – Powers

Let us consider a number x


So, (-15)-1 ÷ x = (-5)-1
1/-15 × 1/x = 1/-5
1/x = (1×-15)/-5
1/x = 3
x = 1/3

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