The needs of the modern day oil industry dictate that a

professional and systematic approach is adopted when

planning and carrying out well intervention operations.

This requires using the latest technology combined with

experienced and dedicated personnel. Varco, having
recognized that the coiled tubing industry is both a vital and
growing technology, has formed the Coiled Tubing Products
Group to meet this emerging industry’s equipment and service
needs.

With Varco coiled tubing systems proving themselves all over

the world every day, we’re meeting - and anticipating - the
diverse demands of some of the toughest operating
environments on earth.

The Coiled Tubing Products Group is an integral part of Varco’s

mission to provide a complete range of premier oilfield products
and services around the world.

This handbook was assembled by the group with the intent of

providing the most comprehensive technical as well as non-
technical coiled tubing information to be found under one cover.

Coiled Tubing Products Group

The Coiled Tubing Products Group is a major force in the field of coiled tubing technology.
With a global market presence, we aim to not only meet, but exceed our customers'
requirements at all times.

Varco's CT Group of Companies | Enter the CT handbook

 Click on the company name below to visit its website.
Manufacturing Locations
Texas Oil Tools CTES, L.C.
P.O. Box 2327 9870 Pozos Lane
Conroe, Texas 77305-2327 USA Conroe, Texas 77303
Phone: (936) 756-2700 Phone: (936.521.2200
Fax: (936) 756-8102 Fax: 936.521.2275
email: totsales@varco.com email: info@ctes.com
www.tot.com www.ctes.com

Hydra Rig
6000 East Berry Street Regional Sales & Service Locations
Fort Worth, Texas 76119
Phone: (817) 457-3825 Dubai
Fax: (817) 457-3897 / 5237 Phone: 971.4.3472468
email: hrisales@varco.com Fax: 971.4.3472340
www.hydrarig.com email: tbidubai@emirates.net.ae

Hydra Rig UK Louisiana

Great Yarmouth, UK Phone: 337.235.5935
Phone: 44.1493.748979 Fax: 337.235.3739
Fax: 44.1493748218 email: fgauthier@varco.com
email: hruksales@varco.com
Singapore
Hydra Rig Canada No 4 Tuas Avenue 11
Calgary Singapore 639070
Phone: 403.279.6430 Phone: 65.861.6664
Fax: 403.279.7234 Fax: 65.861.7493
email: hrcsales@varco.com email: eot@eot.com.sg
Nitrogen Operations
Russia
Duncan, Oklahoma
Phone: 7095.431.4520/7095.432.8118
Phone: 580.255.4433
Fax: 7095.431.4520/7095.432.8118
Fax: 580.252.6664
email: g.polonsky@varco.com
email: hrnsales@varco.com

Pressure Control Engineering

Holton Road
Holton Heath Trading Estate
Poole, Dorset, BH16 6LT UK
Phone: 44.1202.631817
Fax: 44.1202.631708 Varco's CT Group
email: sales@pce.co.uk of Companies
www.pce.co.uk

This is not a complete listing of all locations. Call for the location nearest you.
NEXT | BACK

Texas Oil Tools is the cutting edge in

technology and service.

Since its founding in 1978, Texas Oil Tools (TOT) has established itself
as one of the leading specialty manufacturers and suppliers of pressure
control equipment. During this period, TOT has expanded its range of
products to meet the dynamic demands of the industry.

A proven track record of excellence in design, manufacture and service

has gained TOT worldwide recognition as a leader in pressure control
products. We design and manufacture our products to the most stringent
standards. We are a licensed API manufacturer and we supply our
equipment to meet or exceed industry standards.

TOT designed equipment is available for the widest range of well

conditions and harsh environments including:

• 1.50" bore to 9.00" bore

• Working Pressures to 20,000 psi
• Service Temperatures from -50°F, Arctic to 500°F Geothermal
• Certified Applications for NACE, North Sea Service, & API 6A/16A

TOT CT & Workover Equipment

BOP's: Single, Dual, Quad, Quint & Combi Ram Designs, Stripper Packers: Side Door,
Sidewinder, Conventional, Tandem Side Door, Over Under Quick Latches: Hydraconn,
Injector Connector, Quick Disconnect, Hydraulic Releasing Connector (JHS), Lubricators,
Hand Unions, Flanges, Flow Cross, Tubing Shear, Tubing Punch, Transport Lift Frames,
BOP's for Workover, Snubbing & CTD, Annular BOP's, Work Windows, Subsea Well
Intervention BOP's
NEXT | BACK

For precision engineered downhole tools

and completion equipment,
the name PCE says it all.
Based in Dorset (UK), Pressure Control For the past eight years PCE has been at
Engineering (PCE), is an innovative oil- the leading edge of world coiled tubing
field company specializing in the design tool technology. Many of PCE's pioneer-
and manufacture of precision engineered, ing flow activated tool designs have now
downhole intervention and completion become the coiled tubing industry stan-
equipment for the worldwide oil & gas in- dard tools. With over 70 field-proven
dustries. coiled tubing tools, PCE has one of the
most comprehensive CT tool ranges avail-
Founded in 1985, PCE is accredited with able.
ISO-9001 certification, is QUASCO ap-
praised by leading major oil companies PCE's award winning Multi-Lateral Re-
and is a VAM licensee. PCE is also ap- Entry Completion System (MLR™) is cur-
proved by the majority of leading opera- rently setting new standards in downhole
tion and service companies to design, intervention technology. In 1996 PCE
manufacture and supply a complete range were the first company in the world to de-
of downhole intervention equipment. sign, manufacture and install a multi-lat-
eral system which facilitates controlled
PCE's comprehensive range of over 100 thru-tubing lateral branch re-entry using
slickline/electricline downhole service coiled tubing. Today PCE leads the world
tools has a worldwide reputation for qual- in this new technology, having success-
ity and reliability. PCE has the perfect tool fully deployed 16 by mid-1998.
for every slickline operation.

PCE Products
CT Service, Completion & Fishing Tools, CT Plugs & Nipples for Horizontal Well Bores,
CT Velocity String Systems, Wireline Service, Fishing & Mono Conductor Tools & Thru-
Tubing Multi Lateral Re-entry Systems
NEXT | BACK

CTES delivers unrivaled extertise and field-proven

software and equipment to the
coiled tubing industry

Keep pace with the hottest coiled tubing industry developments and
technology with Coiled Tubing Engineering Services (CTES, L.C.), an
engineering consultancy specializing primarily in coiled tubing technology.
The CTES team combines the expertise and
talents of over twenty experienced engineers,
programmers and trainers, all of which are coiled
tubing industry specialists. CTES is focused on
providing the most
comprehensive technical
support and state-of-the-art
software and equipment
available in the coiled tubing
industry.

From job design to modeling

to equipment to training; our expertise optimizes
coiled tubing operations.

CTES Products & Services

Cerberus™ CT Modeling Software, Orion™ Data Acquisition Systems, Depth Measuring
Systems, Cable Installation Systems, CT Diameter Ovality Gauge, CT Operations
Support, Specialized CT Equipment Design & Development, Engineering & Marketing
Feasibility Studies, Comprehensive CT Training, Technical Writing Services
NEXT | BACK

Count on Hydra Rig: the world leader

in coiled tubing technology.

Based in Forth Worth, Texas since 1973, Hydra Rig’s products and
services are recognized world wide for quality and performance. Today
Hydra Rig has manufacturing facilities in the USA, UK and Canada as
well as sales and service centers in Mexico and Dubai. No other
manufacturer can match this commitment to customer service.

Hydra Rig is the world's leading manufacturer of coiled tubing, nitrogen,

and snubbing equipment. With over 480 coiled tubing units, 290 nitrogen
units and 200 snubbing units in use worldwide, Hydra Rig equipment
meets the demand for rugged, dependable operation from the Tropics to
the Arctic.

Hydra Rig’s dedication to quality and

continued research and development, along
with strong after-sales support, have kept
Hydra Rig in this leadership position for more
than 18 years.

Hydra Rig Products

CT Units, Nitrogen Pump & Vaporizer Units, Snubbing Units, Nitrogen Vessels &
Transports, Fluid Pumping Equipment, Automated Control Systems, Injectors, Reels,
Power Packs, Control Cabins, Nitrogen Systems, Cement Systems, BOPs & Closing
Units, Drilling Support Structures, Solids Control Equipment & Data Acquisition Systems
NEXT | BACK

Quality Tubing is the leader in

coiled tubing and pipe manufacturing.

Quality Tubing Inc., is a producer of high quality, high frequency induction

welded coiled steel pipe. At its mill in Houston, Texas, USA, headquarters,
the company manufactures carbon steel coiled tubing and pipe to exacting
specifications that are developed both in-house and from customer
requirements. The company also services all coiled tubing product at its
service centers worldwide, and provides technical assistance to its
customers.

QTI is committed to providing products and service expertise that meet

our customers' needs, requirements, and expectations, free from
deficiencies.

Quality Tubing, Inc. operates coiled tubing service centers in various

strategic locations worldwide. These centers exist to store and service
new and used coiled tubing. Standard stock strings, specially designed
for use in the areas served by our service centers, are available from
these centers. Further, state-of-the-art corrosion protection and
nondestructive testing are available at these centers.

Quality Tubing Product Lines

QT-1000, QT-900, QT-800®, QT-700®, TRUE-TAPER®, Pre-Perforated Liners, Taper
String, Flash Free Tubing, Line Pipe
BACK

Tulsa Equipment Manufacturing

is the first name in
high pressure and cement pumping.

TEM, located in Tulsa, Oklahoma, is one of the world's foremost

manufacturers of oilfield high pressure pumping and cement pumping
equipment.

Our goal is to create unique designs that help reduce your job costs, as
we did with the development of our Combination Cementer/Acidizer with
bulk storage system.

We're one of the few companies capable of manufacturing a dependable

state-of-the-art Automatic Density
Control System: a patented system
that has elevated Tulsa Equipment
Manufacturing into a world
leadership position in the
development of cement pumping
equipment.

TEM Products
High Pressure Fluid Pumping Units, Frac Bending Units, Cement Pumping Systems,
Acid Pumping Systems, Combination Cementer / Acidizers, Cement Batch Mixers,
Automatic Density Control Systems
 COILED TUBING HANDBOOK
• INTRODUCTION

• TABLE OF CONTENTS

• HELP

• EXTRAS

NEXT
 COILED TUBING HANDBOOK
Varco
Post Office Box 808
Houston, Texas 77001 USA
Phone 1 (713) 799-5100
Fax 1 (713) 799-5406
www.varco.com

Copyright © 1999-2002 Varco

While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this

handbook, the publisher assumes no responsibility for errors or
omissions. Information in this documentation is also subject to change
without notice. Tuboscope makes no warranties, express or implied, as
to the accuracy of the calculations, data and/or opinions. Neither is any
liability assumed for damages whatsoever arising out of the use of the
information contained herein.
Request additional handbook copies, submit suggestions and report
errors to gbutchard@varco.com

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

REVISED 03/2002

NEXT
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

GENERAL INFORMATION

PIPE DATA, TABLES & CHARTS

COILED TUBING HANDBOOK

WELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT

DOWNHOLE TOOLS

COILED TUBING EQUIPMENT

NITROGEN PUMPING EQUIPMENT

VARCO’S COILED TUBING GROUP OF COMPANIES

NEXT
 HELP

BASIC NAVIGATION

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COILED TUBING HANDBOOK

PRINTING

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USING ACROBAT HELP

EXTRAS

NEXT
BASIC NAVIGATION

COILED TUBING HANDBOOK

There are four basic methods of navigation:

• Regular scrolling—Use the scroll bar on the right

side of the screen.

• Bookmarks—Click a heading on the left side of

thescreen.

• Hyperlinks—Click hyperlinks in the text. (The

cursor will look like this when over a hyperlink.)

• Toolbar—Click buttons on the toolbar to scroll

through the pages and to return to previous
views.

You can learn more about navigation in the Acrobat help.

Some pages have a horizontal orientation.

To rotate the page(s), select the "rotate pages"
menu item under "Document" on the menu bar or
simply hit Ctrl + R.
NEXT
KEEPING THIS INTRO OPEN

COILED TUBING HANDBOOK

You may find that this introduction keeps disappearing
when you open a section in the manual. You can pre-
vent this from happening by changing the following
Acrobat setting.

1. Select the File menu, then Preferences, then General.

2. Clear the Open Cross-Doc Links in Same Window

check box.

3. Click OK.

NEXT
PRINTING

COILED TUBING HANDBOOK

You can print individual pages or an entire chapter at a
time. You cannot print the entire manual at once.

To print a chapter or an individual page, open the

chapter and select the File menu, then Print.

For better print quality, try changing the printer proper-

ties to use raster graphics, instead of vector graphics,
or print to a postscript printer.

NEXT
FINDING TEXT

COILED TUBING HANDBOOK

1. Click on the Acrobat toolbar, or press Ctrl+F.

2. Enter the term you want to search for.

3. Click OK.

4. To find the next occurrence of the term press Ctrl+G.

NEXT
USING ACROBAT HELP

COILED TUBING HANDBOOK

The Acrobat help provides additional information
on how to use Acrobat. to access the Acrobat help,
select the Help menu, then Reader Guide. You can
navigate through the Acrobat help just like any other
.pdf file.

NEXT
 EXTRAS

EXTRAS

COILED TUBING HANDBOOK

This CD contains a Microsoft Excel workbook for performing
the CT calculations found in the tables in Chapter 2. You
must have Excel installed on your PC to use this workbook.

Click on the filename below to open.

Coiled Tubing Calculations

This CD also contains Adobe's free reader. The PDF

files on this CD can be run automatically using the
reader on the CD or you can install the reader directly
onto your computer.

Install the free Acrobat reader vs 5.0 onto your PC.

Table of Contents
GENERAL INFORMATION

Units Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

COILED TUBING HANDBOOK

Acceleration.................................................................................. 1
Angular ......................................................................................... 1
Area.............................................................................................. 2
Density ......................................................................................... 3
Electrical....................................................................................... 4
Energy / Torque / Power .............................................................. 4
Flow Rate ..................................................................................... 8
Force / Mass / Weight .................................................................. 8
Length .......................................................................................... 10
Pressure ....................................................................................... 12
Rotation ........................................................................................ 14
Time ............................................................................................. 14
Velocity......................................................................................... 15
Volume ......................................................................................... 16
Fractional Decimal Equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Temperature Conversions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Useful Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Temperature Conversions............................................................ 22
Volume Capacity of Pipes ............................................................ 22
Approximate Volume of Hose....................................................... 22
Velocity......................................................................................... 22
Hydraulics..................................................................................... 22
Volumes ....................................................................................... 22
Mud Pit Calculation ...................................................................... 23
Pipe Displacement ....................................................................... 23
Reel Capacities for Coiled Tubing................................................ 23
Nitrogen Properties & Uses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Temperature Characteristics ........................................................ 25
Volume Characteristics ................................................................ 25
Conversion Data........................................................................... 26
Nitrogen Characteristics ............................................................... 26
Safety ........................................................................................... 27
First Aid ........................................................................................ 27
Oilfield Applications ...................................................................... 27
Treating Iron ................................................................................. 27
Coiled Tubing Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

NEXT
PIPE DATA TABLES & CHARTS

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

COILED TUBING HANDBOOK

Coiled Tubing Volumes & Displacements .................................... 2
Tubing Sizes, Volumes & Displacements..................................... 6
Casing Sizes & Volumes .............................................................. 10
Drill Pipe Sizes & Volumes........................................................... 20
Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Tubing ................... 24
Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing................... 30
Annular Volume for Tubing inside of Casing ................................ 54
Coiled Tubing Performance Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Grade 70 ...................................................................................... 3
Grade 80 ...................................................................................... 13
Grade 90 ...................................................................................... 22
Grade 100 .................................................................................... 32
Grade 110 .................................................................................... 42
Grade 120 .................................................................................... 51
Drill Pipe Yield Strength & Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Drill Pipe Yield Strength ............................................................... 3
Used Drill Pipe Yield Strength ...................................................... 7
Drill Pipe Pressure........................................................................ 11
Used Drill Pipe Pressure .............................................................. 15
Nitrogen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Calculations.................................................................................. 1
Nitrogen Compressibility Factor ................................................... 4
Volume Factor - Low Pressure..................................................... 5
Volume Factor - Medium Pressure............................................... 6
Volume Factor - High Pressure .................................................... 7
Volume Factor High Temperature ................................................ 8
Pressure vs. Depth for Well Full of Nitrogen ................................ 9
Coiled Tubing Stress Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
External Pressure Multiplier ........................................................ 5
Compressive Load Multiplier ....................................................... 9
Internal Pressure Multiplier .......................................................... 13
Coiled Tubing Fatigue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Varying Materials.......................................................................... 2
Varying Failure Criterion............................................................... 2
Coiled Tubing Diameters 1.00" - 1.75" ......................................... 3
Coiled Tubing Diameters 1.50" - 2.375" ....................................... 3
Coiled Tubing Diameters 2.00" - 4.50" ......................................... 4
Varying Wall Thickness ................................................................ 4

NEXT
 Varying Reel Diameter ................................................................. 5
Varying Guide Arch Radius .......................................................... 5
Depth Correction & Stuck Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Plastic Stretch ............................................................................. 7

COILED TUBING HANDBOOK

Elongation Due to Pressure - Poisson Effect ............................... 42
Period & Shortening due to Helical Buckling ............................... 48
Helical Lockup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Horizontal Reach.......................................................................... 2
Maximum Weight.......................................................................... 9
Catastrophic Buckling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Catastrophic Buckling .................................................................. 3
Hydraulics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Straight Tubing ............................................................................. 7
CT OD = 1.0 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.087 in. & 0.095 in.
Reeled Tubing .............................................................................. 9
CT OD = 1.0 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.087 in. & 0.095 in.
Straight Tubing ............................................................................. 11
CT OD = 1.25 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.095 in. & 0.134 in.
Reeled Tubing .............................................................................. 13
CT OD = 1.25 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.095 in. & 0.134 in.
Straight Tubing ............................................................................. 15
CT OD = 1.5 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.109 in. & 0.134 in.
Reeled Tubing .............................................................................. 17
CT OD = 1.5 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.109 in. & 0.134 in.
Straight Tubing ............................................................................. 19
CT OD = 1.75 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.109 in. & 0.156 in
Reeled Tubing .............................................................................. 21
CT OD = 1.75 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.109 in. & 0.156 in.
Straight Tubing ............................................................................. 23
CT OD = 2.0 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.156 in. & 0.175 in.
Reeled Tubing .............................................................................. 25
CT OD = 2.0 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.156 in. & 0.175 in.
Straight Tubing ............................................................................. 27
CT OD = 2.375 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.188 in. & 0.203 in.
Reeled Tubing .............................................................................. 29
CT OD = 2.375 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.188 in. & 0.203 in.
Straight Tubing ............................................................................. 31
CT OD = 2.875 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.188 in. & 0.203 in.
Reeled Tubing .............................................................................. 33
CT OD = 2.875 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.188 in. & 0.203 in.
Straight Tubing ............................................................................. 35
CT OD = 3.5 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.188 in. & 0.203 in.
Reeled Tubing .............................................................................. 37
CT OD = 3.5 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.188 in. & 0.203 in.

NEXT
WELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT

Well Control Equipment Literature

COILED TUBING HANDBOOK

Complete Stack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Blowout Preventers (BOP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Features ....................................................................................... 3
Options ......................................................................................... 3
Operation...................................................................................... 3
Blind Ram Assembly .................................................................... 4
Pipe Ram Assembly ..................................................................... 5
Slip Ram Assembly ...................................................................... 5
Shear Ram Assembly................................................................... 6
Shear Seal Rams ......................................................................... 9
Pipe Slip Rams............................................................................. 9
BOP Field Testing ........................................................................ 9
Stripper Packers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Operation...................................................................................... 17
Stripper Packer Elements............................................................. 17
Top Loading Stripper Packer........................................................ 17
Anti-Buckling Device .................................................................... 19
Inhibitor Injection .......................................................................... 19
Test Pressure ............................................................................... 19
Quick Latches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Hydraconns .................................................................................. 25
Injector Connectors ...................................................................... 25
Hydraulic Releasing Connector.................................................... 26
Unions & Flanges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Maintenance & Field Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Suggested Maintenance Schedule............................................... 32
Field Inspections .......................................................................... 32

NEXT
DOWNHOLE TOOLS

Standard Toolstring Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

COILED TUBING HANDBOOK

Motorhead Assembly.................................................................... 1
Connectors ................................................................................... 2
Safety Valves ............................................................................... 4
Release Joints.............................................................................. 5
Circulation and Control Valves ..................................................... 7
Jars & Accelerators ...................................................................... 9
Joints & Straight / Weight Bars..................................................... 11
Centralizers .................................................................................. 13
Manipulation Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Running/Pulling & Shifting Tools .................................................. 14
Wash Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Fishing Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Commonly Used CT Threads Recognition . . . . . . . . . 23

NEXT
COILED TUBING EQUIPMENT

Injectors - Literature

COILED TUBING HANDBOOK

Injectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Current “5 Series” Injectors .......................................................... 1
Previous Injector Data ................................................................. 11
Tubing Tensioning System........................................................... 12
Schematic..................................................................................... 14

Reels - Literature

Reels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Standard Reel Specifications (Hydra Rig).................................... 16
Drop-in-Drum Reels ..................................................................... 17
Schematics................................................................................... 20
Reel Capacity Calculation ............................................................ 21
Shipping Spools ........................................................................... 22

Power Packs - Literature

Power Packs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Power Pack Hydraulic Schematics............................................... 25

Control Cabins - Literature

Control Cabins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Schematics................................................................................... 30
Hydraulics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Hoses ........................................................................................... 35
Common Hydraulic Symbols ........................................................ 38
Hydraulic Components ................................................................. 39
Fluid Power Principals.................................................................. 42
Hydraulic Pumps .......................................................................... 43
Control Valves .............................................................................. 49
Troubleshooting Procedures ........................................................ 57
Glossary ....................................................................................... 62

NEXT
NITROGEN PUMPING EQUIPMENT

Nitrogen Pumps & Vaporizer Systems - Literature

COILED TUBING HANDBOOK

Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Vaporization Process. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Water Pump (also referred to as the Coolant Pump) ................... 4
Vaporizer ...................................................................................... 4
Heat Exchangers.......................................................................... 4
Engine Heat Exchanger ............................................................... 6
Exhaust Heat Recovery................................................................ 7
Power Control Valve and Back Pressure Valve ........................... 7
Water Brake ................................................................................. 7
Controls & Indicators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Nitrogen Tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Acceptable Vacuum Levels .......................................................... 10
Pressure Ratings.......................................................................... 10
Filling The Tank............................................................................ 11
Saturated LN2 .............................................................................. 12
Troubleshooting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Back to the Introduction NEXT

GENERAL INFORMATION

Units Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

COILED TUBING HANDBOOK

Acceleration.................................................................................. 1
Angular ......................................................................................... 1
Area.............................................................................................. 2
Density ......................................................................................... 3
Electrical....................................................................................... 4
Energy / Torque / Power .............................................................. 4
Flow Rate ..................................................................................... 8
Force / Mass / Weight .................................................................. 8
Length .......................................................................................... 10
Pressure ....................................................................................... 12
Rotation ........................................................................................ 14
Time ............................................................................................. 14
Velocity......................................................................................... 15
Volume ......................................................................................... 16
Fractional Decimal Equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Temperature Conversions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Useful Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Temperature Conversions............................................................ 22
Volume Capacity of Pipes ............................................................ 22
Approximate Volume of Hose....................................................... 22
Velocity......................................................................................... 22
Hydraulics..................................................................................... 22
Volumes ....................................................................................... 22
Mud Pit Calculation ...................................................................... 23
Pipe Displacement ....................................................................... 23
Reel Capacities for Coiled Tubing................................................ 23
Nitrogen Properties & Uses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Temperature Characteristics ........................................................ 25
Volume Characteristics ................................................................ 25
Conversion Data........................................................................... 26
Nitrogen Characteristics ............................................................... 26
Safety ........................................................................................... 27
First Aid ........................................................................................ 27
Oilfield Applications ...................................................................... 27
Treating Iron ................................................................................. 27
Coiled Tubing Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
 General Information
Units Conversion

General Information

Units Conversion
Acceleration
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
centimeters/second/second 0.03281 feet/second/second
centimeters/second/second 0.036 kilometers/hour/second
centimeters/second/second 0.01 meters/second/second
centimeters/second/second 0.02237 miles/hour/second
feet/second/second 30.48 centimeters/second/second
feet/second/second 1.097 kms/hour/second
feet/second/second 0.3048 meters/second/second
feet/second/second 0.6818 miles/hour/second
kilometers/hour/second 27.78 centimeters/hour/second
kilometers/hour/second 0.9113 foot/second/second
kilometers/hour/second 0.2778 meters/second/second
kilometers/hour/second 0.6214 miles/hour/second
meters/second/second 100 centimeters/second/second
meters/second/second 3.281 foot/second/second
meters/second/second 3.6 kilometers/hour/second
meters/second/second 2.237 miles/hour/second
miles/hour/second 44.7 centimeters/second/second
miles/hour/second 1.467 feet/second/second
miles/hour/second 1.609 kilometers/hour/second
miles/hour/second 0.447 meters/second/second
radians/second/second 572.9578 revolutions/minute/minute
radians/second/second 9.549 revolutions/minute/second
radians/second/second 0.1592 revolutions/second/second
revolutions/minute/minute 1.75E-03 radians/second/second
revolutions/minute/minute 0.01667 revolutions/minute/minute
revolutions/minute/minute 2.78E-04 revolutions/second/second
revolutions/second/second 6.283 radians/second/second
revolutions/second/second 3600 revolutions/minute/minute
revolutions/second/second 60 revolutions/minute/second

Angular
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
degrees (angle) 0.01111 quadrants
degrees (angle) 0.01745 radians
degrees (angle) 3600 seconds
feet/100 feet 1 percent grade
minutes (angles) 1.85E-04 quadrants
minutes (angles) 2.91E-04 radians
minutes (angles) 0.01667 degrees
minutes (angles) 60 seconds
quadrants (angle) 1.571 radians
quadrants (angle) 90 degrees
quadrants (angle) 5400 minutes
quadrants (angle) 3.24E+05 seconds
radians 57.29578 degrees

1
General Information
Units Conversion

Angular
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
radians 3438 minutes
radians 2.06E+05 seconds
seconds (angle) 3.09E-06 quadrants
seconds (angle) 4.85E-06 radians
seconds (angle) 2.78E-04 degrees
seconds (angle) 0.01666667 minutes

Area
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
acre 0.4047 hectare or square hectometer
acre 10 square chain (Gunter's)
acre 100000 square links (Gunter's)
acre 160 square rods
acre-feet 43560 cubic feet
acre-feet 325900 gallons
acres 43560 square feet
acres 4047 square meters
acres 0.001562 square miles
acres 4840 square yards
centares (centiares) 1 square meters
circular mils 5.07E-06 square centimeters
circular mils 7.85E-07 square inches
circular mils 0.7854 square mils
hectares 2.471 acres
hectares 107600 square feet
square centimeters 1.97E+05 circular mils
square centimeters 3.86E-11 square miles
square centimeters 100 square millimeters
square centimeters 1.20E-04 square yards
square centimeters 1.08E-03 square feet
square centimeters 0.155 square inches
square centimeters 0.0001 square meters
square feet 2.30E-05 acres
square feet 1.83E+08 circular mils
square feet 929 square centimeters
square feet 144 square inches
square feet 0.0929 square meters
square feet 3.59E-08 square miles
square feet 9.29E+04 square millimeters
square feet 0.1111 square yards
square inches 1.27E+06 circular mils
square inches 6.452 square centimeters
square inches 6.94E-03 square feet
square inches 645.2 square millimeters
square inches 1.00E+06 square mils
square inches 7.72E-04 square yards
square kilometers 247.1 inchacres
square kilometers 1.00E+10 square centimeters
square kilometers 1.08E+07 square feet
square kilometers 1.55E+09 square inches

2
 General Information
Units Conversion

Area
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
square kilometers 1.00E+06 square meters
square kilometers 0.3861 square miles
square kilometers 1.20E+06 square yards
square meters 2.47E-04 acres
square meters 1.00E+04 square centimeters
square meters 10.76 square feet
square meters 1550 square inches
square meters 3.86E-07 square miles
square meters 1.00E+06 square millimeters
square meters 1.196 square yards
square miles 640 acres
square miles 2.79E+07 square feet
square miles 2.59 square kilometers
square miles 2.59E+06 square meters
square miles 3.10E+06 square yards
square millimeters 1973 circular mils
square millimeters 0.01 square centimeters
square millimeters 1.08E-05 square feet
square millimeters 1.55E-03 square inches
square mils 1.273 circular mils
square mils 6.45E-06 square centimeters
square mils 1.00E-06 square inches
square yards 2.07E-04 acres
square yards 8361 square centimeters
square yards 9 square feet
square yards 1296 square inches
square yards 0.8361 square meters
square yards 3.23E-07 square miles
square yards 8.36E+05 square millimeters

Density
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
grains/imp. gallon 14.286 parts/million
grains/US gallon 17.118 parts/million
grains/US gallon 142.86 pounds/million gallon
grams/cubic centimeter 62.43 pounds/cubic feet
grams/cubic centimeter 0.03613 pounds/cubic inch
grams/cubic centimeter 3.41E-07 pounds/mil-foot
grams/liter 58.417 grains/gallon
grams/liter 8.345 pounds/1000 gallon
grams/liter 0.062427 pounds/cubic foot
grams/cubic centimeter 62.43 pounds/cubic foot
grams/cubic centimeter 0.03613 pounds/cubic inch
grams/cubic centimeter 3.41E-07 pounds/mil-foot
kilograms/cubic meter 0.001 grams/cubic centimeter
kilograms/cubic meter 0.06243 pound/cubic foot
kilograms/cubic meter 3.61E-05 pounds/cubic inch
kilograms/cubic meter 3.41E-10 pounds/mil-foot
kilograms/cubic meter 3.28E-03 feet of water
kilograms/cubic meter 2.90E-03 inches of mercury

3
General Information
Units Conversion

Density
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
kilograms/cubic meter 0.2048 pounds/square foot
kilograms/cubic meter 1.42E-03 pounds/square inch
pounds/cubic foot 0.01602 grams/cubic centimeter
pounds/cubic foot 16.02 kilograms/cubic meter
pounds/cubic foot 5.79E-04 pounds/cubic inch
pounds/cubic foot 5.46E-09 pounds/mil-foot
pounds/cubic foot .13368 pounds/gallon
pounds/cubic inch 27.68 gms/cubic centimeter
pounds/cubic inch 2.77E+04 kilograms/cubic meter
pounds/cubic inch 1728 pounds/cubic foot
pounds/cubic inch 9.43E-06 pounds/mil-foot
pounds/cubic inch 231 pounds/gallon
pounds/gallon 7.48052 pounds/cubic foot
pounds/gallon .004329 pounds/cubic inch
pounds/mil-foot 2.31E+06 gms/cubic centimeter
parts/million 0.07016 grains/imperial gallon
parts/million 0.0584 grains/U.S. gallon
parts/million 8.345 pounds/million gallon

Electrical
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
coulomb 3.00E+09 statcoulombs
coulombs 1.04E-05 faradays
coulombs/square centimeter 64.52 coulombs/square inch
coulombs/square centimeter 10000 coulombs/square meter
coulombs/square inch 0.155 coulombs/square centimeter
coulombs/square inch 1550 coulombs/square meter
coulombs/square meter 0.0001 coulombs/square centimeter
coulombs/square meter 0.0006452 coulombs/square inch
faraday/second 96500 ampere (absolute)
faradays 26.8 ampere-hours
faradays 96490 coulombs
farads 1000000 microfarads
international ampere 0.9998 ampere (absolute)
international volt 96540 joules
international volt 1.59E-19 joules (absolute)
megohms 1.00E+12 microhms
megohms 1.00E+06 ohms
microfarad 1.00E-06 farads
microhms 1.00E-06 ohms
ohm (international) 1.0005 ohm (absolute)
ohms 1.00E-06 megohms
ohms 1.00E+06 microhms

Energy / Torque / Power

MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
Btu 1.06E+10 ergs
Btu 778.3 foot-lbs

4
 General Information
Units Conversion

Energy / Torque / Power

MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
Btu 252 gram-calories
Btu 0.0003931 horsepower-hours
Btu 1054.8 joules
Btu 0.252 kilogram-calories
Btu 107.5 kilogram-meters
Btu 0.0002928 kilowatt-hours
Btu/hour 0.2162 foot-pounds/second
Btu/hour 0.07 gram-cal/second
Btu/hour 0.0003929 horsepower-hours
Btu/hour 0.2931 watts
Btu/minute 12.96 foot-lbs/second
Btu/minute 0.02356 horsepower
Btu/minute 0.01757 kilowatts
Btu/minute 17.57 watts
Btu/square ft/minute 0.1221 watts/square inch
calorie 1.56E-06 horsepower-hour
calorie 1.58E-06 horsepower-hour (metric)
calorie 4.1868 joule
calorie 1.16E-06 kilowatt-hour
calorie, gram (mean) 0.00396832 Btu (mean)
dynes/square centimeter 0.000001 bars
ergs 9.48E-11 Btu
ergs 1 dyne-centimeters
ergs 7.37E-08 foot-pounds
ergs 2.39E-08 gram-calories
ergs 0.00102 grams-centimeters
ergs 3.73E-14 horsepower-hours
ergs 0.0000001 joules
ergs 2.39E-11 kg-calories
ergs 1.02E-08 kg-meters
ergs 2.78E-14 kilowatt-hours
ergs 2.78E-11 watt-hours
ergs/second 5.69E-06 Btu/minute
ergs/second 1 dyne-centimeter/second
ergs/second 4.43E-06 foot-lbs/minute
ergs/second 7.38E-08 foot-lbs/second
ergs/second 1.34E-10 horsepower
ergs/second 1.43E-09 kg-calories/minute
ergs/second 1.00E-10 kilowatts
foot-pounds 0.001286 Btu
foot-pounds 1.36E+07 ergs
foot-pounds 0.3238 gram-calories
foot-pounds 5.05E-07 hp-hours
foot-pounds 1.356 joules
foot-pounds 0.000324 kg-calories
foot-pounds 0.1383 kg-meters
foot-pounds 3.77E-07 kilowatt-hours
foot-pounds/minute 0.001286 Btu/minute
foot-pounds/minute 0.01667 foot-pounds/second
foot-pounds/minute 0.0000303 horsepower
foot-pounds/minute 0.000324 kg-calories/minute
foot-pounds/minute 0.0000226 kilowatts

5
General Information
Units Conversion

Energy / Torque / Power

MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
foot-pounds/second 4.6263 Btu/hour
foot-pounds/second 0.07717 Btu/minute
foot-pounds/second 8.18E-04 horsepower
foot-pounds/second 1.01945 kg-calories/minute
foot-pounds/second 0.001356 kilowatts
gram-calories 0.0039683 Btu
gram-calories 9.30E-08 Btu
gram-calories 4.19E-07 ergs
gram-calories 3.088 foot-pounds
gram-calories 1.56E-06 horsepower-hours
gram-calories 1.16E-06 kilowatt-hours
gram-calories 0.001163 watt-hours
gram-calories/second 14.286 Btu/hour
gram-centimeters 980.7 ergs
gram-centimeters 980700 joules
gram-centimeters 2.34E+08 kg-cal
gram-centimeters 100000 kg-meters
grams/square centimeter 2.0481 pounds/square foot
hectowatts 100 watts
horsepower 42.44 Btu/minute
horsepower 33000 foot-lbs/minute
horsepower 550 foot-lbs/second
horsepower 10.68 kg-calories/minute
horsepower 0.7457 kilowatts
horsepower 745.7 watts
horsepower (boiler) 33479 Btu/hour
horsepower (boiler) 9.803 kilowatts
horsepower (metric) 0.9863 horsepower
horsepower-hours 2547 Btu
horsepower-hours 2.68E+13 ergs
horsepower-hours 1980000 foot-lbs
horsepower-hours 641190 gram-calories
horsepower-hours 2684000 joules
horsepower-hours 641.1 kg-calories
horsepower-hours 273700 kg-meters
horsepower-hours 0.7457 kilowatt-hours
joules 9.48E-04 Btu
joules 10000000 ergs
joules 0.7376 foot-pounds
joules 0.0002389 kg-calories
joules 0.102 kg-meters
joules 0.0002778 watt-hours
kilogram-meters 9.29E-03 Btu
kilogram-meters 9.80E+07 ergs
kilogram-meters 7.233 foot-pounds
kilogram-meters 9.804 joules
kilogram-meters 2.34E-03 kg-calories
kilogram-meters 2.72E-06 kilowatt-hours
kilowatt-hours 3413 Btu
kilowatt-hours 3.60E+13 ergs
kilowatt-hours 2.66E+06 foot-lbs
kilowatt-hours 859850 gram-calories

6
 General Information
Units Conversion

Energy / Torque / Power

MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
kilowatt-hours 1.341 horsepower-hours
kilowatt-hours 3.60E+06 joules
kilowatt-hours 860.5 kg-calories
kilowatt-hours 3.67E+05 kg-meters
kilowatt-hours 22.75 lbs of water from 62°-212°F
kilowatt-hours 3.53 lbs of water evap. at 212°F
kilowatts 56.92 Btu/minute
kilowatts 4.43E+04 foot-lbs/minute
kilowatts 737.6 foot-lbs/second
kilowatts 1.341 horsepower
kilowatts 14.34 kg-calories/minute
kilowatts 1000 watts
meter-kilograms 9.81E+07 centimeter-dynes
meter-kilograms 1.00E+05 centimeter-grams
meter-kilograms 7.233 pound-feet
pound-feet 1.36E+07 centimeter-dynes
pound-feet 13825 centimeter-grams
pound-feet 0.1383 meter-kilograms
pounds/foot 1.488 kilograms/meter
pounds/inch 178.6 gms/centimeter
watt (international) 1.0002 watt (absolute)
centigrams 0.01 grams
centimeter-dynes 0.00102 centimeter-grams
centimeter-dynes 1.02E-08 meter-kilograms
centimeter-dynes 7.38E-08 pound-feet
centimeter-grams 980.7 centimeter-dynes
centimeter-grams 0.00001 meter-kilograms
centimeter-grams 0.07233 pound-feet
watt-hours 3.413 Btu
watt-hours 3.60E+10 ergs
watt-hours 2656 foot-pounds
watt-hours 859.85 gram-calories
watt-hours 1.34E-03 horsepower-hours
watt-hours 0.8605 kilogram-calories
watt-hours 367.2 kilogram-meters
watt-hours 0.001 kilowatt-hours
watts 3.4129 Btu/hour
watts 0.05688 Btu/minute
watts 107 erg/second
watts 44.27 foot-lbs/minute
watts 0.7378 foot-lbs/second
watts 1.34E-03 horsepower
watts 1.36E-03 horsepower (metric)
watts 0.01433 kg-calories/minute
watts 0.001 kilowatts
watts (absolute) 0.056884 Btu (mean)/minute
watts (absolute) 1 joules/second

7
General Information
Units Conversion

Flow Rate
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
cubic feet/minute 472 cubic centimeters/second
cubic feet/minute 0.1247 gallons/second
cubic feet/minute 0.472 liters/second
cubic feet/minute 62.43 pounds of water/minute
cubic fee/minute .028317 cubic meters/minute
cubic feet/second 448.831 gallons/minute
cubic feet/second 0.646317 million gallons/day
cubic yards/minute 0.45 cubic feet/second
cubic yards/minute 3.367 gallons/second
cubic yards/minute 12.74 liters/second
cubic meters/minute 35.314 Cubic feet/minute
gallons/minute 8.0208 cubic feet/hour
gallons/minute 0.002228 cubic foot/second
gallons/minute 0.6308 liters/second
liters/minute 5.89E-04 cubic foot/second
liters/minute 4.40E-03 gals/second
million gals/day 1.54723 cubic foot/second
pounds of water/minute 2.67E-04 cubic foot/second

Force / Mass / Weight

MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
decigrams 0.1 grams
dekagrams 10 grams
drams 27.3437 grains
drams 1.7718 grams
drams 0.0625 ounces
drams(apoth. or troy) 0.125 ounces (troy)
drams(apoth. or troy) 0.1371429 ounces(avoirdupois)
dynes 0.00102 grams
dynes 0.0000001 joules/centimeter
dynes 0.00001 joules/meter (newtons)
dynes 1.02E-06 kilograms
dynes 7.23E-05 poundals
dynes 2.25E-06 pounds
grains 0.03657143 drams (avoirdupois)
grains (troy) 1 grains (avoirdupois)
grains (troy) 0.0648 grams
grains (troy) 0.0020833 ounces (avoirdupois)
grains (troy) 0.04167 pennyweight (troy)
grams 5 carat(metric)
grams 0.56438339 dram
grams 980.7 dynes
grams 15.43 grains
grams 9.81E-05 joules/centimeter
grams 9.81E-03 joules/meter (newtons)
grams 0.001 kilograms
grams 1000 milligrams
grams 0.032150747 ounces (troy)
grams 0.035273962 ounces(avoirdupois)
grams 0.07093 poundals

8
 General Information
Units Conversion

Force / Mass / Weight

MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
grams 0.002204623 pounds
grams/centimeter 0.0056 pounds/inch
hectograms 100 grams
hundredweights (long) 112 pounds
hundredweights (long) 0.05 tons (long)
hundredweights (short) 1600 ounces (avoirdupois)
hundredweights (short) 100 pounds
hundredweights (short) 0.0446429 tons (long)
hundredweights (short) 0.0453592 tons (metric)
joules 723.3 poundals
joules 22.48 pounds
joules/centimeter 10000000 dynes
joules/centimeter 10200 grams
joules/centimeter 100 joules/meter (newton)
kilograms 980665 dynes
kilograms 1000 grams
kilograms 0.09807 joules/centimeter
kilograms 9.807 joules/meter (newtons)
kilograms 70.93 poundals
kilograms 2.205 pounds
kilograms 9.84E-04 tons (long)
kilograms 1.10E-03 tons (short)
kilograms/meter 0.672 pounds/foot
kilograms/square centimeter 980665 dynes
micrograms 1.00E-06 grams
milliers 1000 kilograms
milligrams 0.01543236 grains
milligrams 0.001 grams
newton 1.00E+05 dynes
newton .2248 pound
ounces 16 drams
ounces 437.5 grains
ounces 28.349523 grams
ounces 0.9115 ounces (troy)
ounces 0.0625 pounds
ounces 2.79E-05 tons (long)
ounces 2.84E-05 tons (metric)
pennyweights (troy) 24 grains
pennyweights (troy) 1.55517 grams
pennyweights (troy) 0.05 ounces (troy)
pennyweights (troy) 4.17E-03 pounds (troy)
poise 1 gram/centimeter second
poundals 13826 dynes
poundals 14.1 grams
poundals 1.38E-03 joules/centimeter
poundals 0.1383 joules/meter (newtons)
poundals 0.0141 kilograms
poundals 0.03108 pounds
pounds 256 drams
pounds 4.45E+05 dynes
pounds 7000 grains
pounds 453.5924 grams

9
General Information
Units Conversion

Force / Mass / Weight

MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
pounds 0.04448 joules/centimeter
pounds 4.448 joules/meter (newtons)
pounds 0.4536 kilograms
pounds 16 ounces
pounds 14.5833 ounces (troy)
pounds 32.17 poundals
pounds 1.21528 pounds (troy)
pounds 0.07142857 stones (British)
pounds 0.0005 tons (short)
pounds (troy) 5760 grains
pounds (troy) 373.24177 grams
pounds (troy) 13.1657 ounces (avoirdupois)
pounds (troy) 12 ounces (troy)
pounds (troy) 240 pennyweights (troy)
pounds (troy) 0.822857 pounds (avoirdupois)
pounds (troy) 3.67E-04 tons (long)
pounds (troy) 3.73E-04 tons (metric)
pounds (troy) 4.11E-04 tons (short)
scruples 20 grains
slug 14.59 kilogram
slug 32.17 pounds
stone (British) 14 pound (avoirdupois)
teaspoons (US) 4.93 cubic centimeters
tons (long) 1016 kilograms
tons (long) 2240 pounds
tons (long) 1.12 tons (short)
tons (metric) 1000 kilograms
tons (metric) 907.1848 kilograms
tons (metric) 2205 pounds
tons (short) 32000 ounces
tons (short) 29166.66 ounces (troy)
tons (short) 2000 pounds
tons (short) 2430.56 pounds (troy)
tons (short) 0.89287 tons (long)
tons (short) 0.9078 tons (metric)

Length
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
caliber 0.01 inches
caliber 0.254 millimeters
centimeters 0.03281 feet
centimeters 0.3937 inches
centimeters 0.00001 kilometers
centimeters 0.01 meters
centimeters 6.21E-06 miles
centimeters 10 millimeters
centimeters 393.7 mils
centimeters 0.01094 yards
chain 792 inches
chain 20.12 meters

10
 General Information
Units Conversion

Length
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
chain (surveyor's or Gunter's) 22 yards
circumference 6.283 radians
decimeters 0.1 meters
dekameters 10 meters
ell 114.3 centimeter
ell 45 inches
em (pica) 0.167 inch
em (pica) 0.4233 centimeter
fathoms 1.828804 meter
fathoms 6 feet
feet 30.48 centimeters
feet 0.0003048 kilometers
feet 0.3048 meters
feet 0.0001645 miles (naut.)
feet 0.0001894 miles (stat.)
feet 304.8 millimeters
feet 12000 mils
furlongs 0.125 miles (US)
furlongs 40 rods
furlongs 660 feet
hand 10.16 centimeter
hectometers 100 meters
inches 2.54 centimeters
inches 0.08333333 feet
inches 0.0254 meters
inches 0.00001578 miles
inches 25.4 millimeters
inches 1000 mils
inches 0.027777778 yards
kilometers 6.68E-09 astronomical unit
kilometers 1.00E+05 centimeters
kilometers 3280.84 feet
kilometers 3.94E+04 inches
kilometers 1.06E-13 light year
kilometers 1000 meters
kilometers 0.6214 miles
kilometers 1.00E+06 millimeters
kilometers 1094 yards
league 3 miles (approx.)
light-year 63239.7 astronomical unit
light-year 5.90E+12 miles
light-year 9.46E+12 kilometers
links (engineer's) 12 inches
links (surveyor's) 7.92 inches
meters 100 centimeters
meters 3.281 feet
meters 39.37 inches
meters 0.001 kilometers
meters 5.40E-04 miles (nautical)
meters 6.21E-04 miles (statute)
meters 1000 millimeters
meters 1.094 yards

11
General Information
Units Conversion

Length
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
microns 1.00E-06 meters
miles (nautical) 6080.27 feet
miles (nautical) 1.853 kilometers
miles (nautical) 1853 meters
miles (nautical) 1.1516 miles (statute)
miles (nautical) 2027 yards
miles (statute) 1.61E+05 centimeters
miles (statute) 5280 feet
miles (statute) 6.34E+04 inches
miles (statute) 1.609 kilometers
miles (statute) 1609 meters
miles (statute) 0.8684 miles (nautical)
miles (statute) 1760 yards
millimeters 0.1 centimeters
millimeters 3.28E-03 feet
millimeters 0.03937 inches
millimeters 1.00E-06 kilometers
millimeters 0.001 meters
millimeters 6.21E-07 miles
millimeters 39.37 mils
millimeters 1.09E-03 yards
millmicrons 1.00E-09 meters
mils 2.54E-03 centimeters
mils 8.33E-05 feet
mils 0.001 inches
mils 2.54E-03 kilometers
mils 2.78E-05 yards
parsec 1.90E+13 miles
parsec 3.08E+13 kilometers
rod 0.25 chain (Gunter's)
rod 5.029 meters
rod 16.5 feet
rods (surveyor's meas.) 5.5 yards
span 9 inch
yards 91.44 centimeters
yards 0.5 fathom
yards 3 foot
yards 36 inches
yards 9.14E-04 kilometers
yards 0.9144 meters
yards 4.93E-04 miles (nautical)
yards 5.68E-04 miles (statute)
yards 914.4 millimeters

Pressure
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
atmospheres 0.007348 ton/square inch
atmospheres 76 centimetercentimeters of mercury
atmospheres 33.9 foot. of water (at 4 degrees C)
atmospheres 29.92 inches of mercury (at 0 degrees C)

12
 General Information
Units Conversion

Pressure
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
atmospheres 1.0333 kilograms/square centimeter
atmospheres 10332 kilograms/square meter
atmospheres 14.7 pounds/square inch
atmospheres 1.058 tons/square foot
bars 0.9869 atmospheres
bars 1000000 dynes/square centimeter
bars 10200 kilograms/square meter
bars 2089 pounds/square foot
bars 14.5 pounds/square inch
centimeters of mercury 0.01316 atmospheres
centimeters of mercury 0.4461 feet of water
centimeters of mercury 136 kilograms/square meter
centimeters of mercury 27.85 pounds/square foot
centimeters of mercury 0.1934 pounds/square inch
dyne/centimeter 0.01 erg/square millimeter
dyne/square centimeter 9.87E-07 atmospheres
dyne/square centimeter 2.95E-05 inches of mercury at 0øC
dyne/square centimeter 0.0004015 inches of water at 4øC
feet of water 0.0295 amospheres
feet of water 0.8826 inches of mercury
feet of water 0.03048 kilograms/square centimeter
feet of water 304.8 kilograms/square meter
feet of water 62.43 pounds/square foot
feet of water 0.4335 pounds/square inch
inches of mercury 0.03342 atmospheres
inches of mercury 1.133 feet of water
inches of mercury 0.03453 kilograms/square centimeter
inches of mercury 345.3 kilograms/square meter
inches of mercury 70.73 pounds/square foot.
inches of mercury 0.4912 pounds/square inch
inches of water (at 4øC) 0.002458 atmospheres
inches of water (at 4øC) 0.07355 inches of mercury
inches of water (at 4øC) 0.00254 kilograms/square centimeter
inches of water (at 4øC) 0.5781 ounces/square inch
inches of water (at 4øC) 5.204 pounds/square foot
inches of water (at 4øC) 0.03613 pounds/square inch
kilogram-calories 3.968 Btu
kilogram-calories 3088 foot-pounds
kilogram-calories 1.56E-03 hp-hours
kilogram-calories 4186 joules
kilogram-calories 426.9 kg-meters
kilogram-calories 4.186 kilojoules
kilogram-calories 1.16E-03 kilowatt-hours
kilograms/square centimeter 0.9678 atmospheres
kilograms/square centimeter 32.81 feet of water
kilograms/square centimeter 28.96 inches of mercury
kilograms/square centimeter 2048 pounds/square foot
kilograms/square centimeter 14.22 pounds/square inch
kilograms/square meter 9.68E-05 atmospheres
kilograms/square meter 9.81E-05 bars
kilograms/square mm 1.00E+06 kilograms/square meter
newton/square meter 1.0 pound

13
General Information
Units Conversion

Pressure
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
ounces/square inch 4309 dynes/square centimeter
ounces/square inch 0.0625 pounds/square inch
pounds/square foot 4.73E-04 atmospheres
pounds/square foot 0.01602 feet of water
pounds/square foot 0.01414 inches of mercury
pounds/square foot 4.882 kilograms/square meter
pounds/square foot 6.94E-03 pounds/square inch
pounds/square inch 0.06804 atmospheres
pounds/square inch 2.307 feet of water
pounds/square inch 2.036 inches of mercury
pounds/square inch 703.1 kilograms/square meter
pounds/square inch 144 pounds/square foot
pounds/square inch 6.8947 kilopascals
pounds/square inch .0068947 megapascals
tons (short)/square foot 9765 kilograms/square meter
tons (short)/square foot 2000 pounds/square inch
tons of water/24 hours 83.333 pounds of water/hour
tons of water/24 hours 0.16643 gallons/minute
tons of water/24 hours 1.3349 cubic foot/hour

Rotation
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
degrees/second 0.01745 radians/second
degrees/second 0.1667 revolutions/minute
degrees/second 0.002778 revolutions/second
radians/second 57.29578 degrees/second
radians/second 9.549 revolutions/minute
radians/second 0.1592 revolutions/second
revolutions 360 degrees
revolutions 4 quadrants
revolutions 6.283 radians
revolutions/minute 6 degrees/second
revolutions/minute 0.1047 radians/second
revolutions/minute 0.01667 revolutionsrevolutions/second
revolutions/second 360 degrees/second
revolutions/second 6.283 radians/second
revolutions/second 60 revolutions/minute

Time
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
days 86400 seconds
hours (mean solar) 0.04166667 days
hours (mean solar) 0.005952381 weeks
week 7 day
week 168 hour
week 10080 minute (time)
week 0.2299795 month
week 6.05E+05 second

14
 General Information
Units Conversion

Time
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
year (mean of 4 year period) 365.25 day
year (mean of 4 year period) 8766 hour
year (mean of 4 year period) 5.26E+05 minute (time)
year (mean of 4 year period) 3.16E+07 second (time)
year (mean of 4 year period) 52.17857 week

Velocity
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
centimeters/second 1.1969 feet/minute
centimeters/second 0.03281 feet/second
centimeters/second 0.036 kilometers/hour
centimeters/second 0.1943 knots
centimeters/second 0.6 meters/minute
centimeters/second 0.02237 miles/hour
centimeters/second 0.0003728 miles/minute
feet/minute 0.508 centimeters/second
feet/minute 0.01667 feet/second
feet/minute 0.01829 kms/kr
feet/minute 0.3048 meters/minute
feet/minute 0.01136 miles/hour
feet/second 30.48 centimeters/second
feet/second 1.097 kms/hour
feet/second 0.5921 knots
feet/second 18.29 meters/minute
feet/second 0.6818 miles/hour
feet/second 0.01136 miles/minute
kilometers/hour 27.78 centimeters/second
kilometers/hour 54.68 feet/minute
kilometers/hour 0.9113 feet/second
kilometers/hour 0.5396 knots
kilometers/hour 16.67 meters/minute
kilometers/hour 0.6214 miles/hour
knots 6080 feet/hour
knots 1.8532 kilometers/hour
knots 1 nautical miles/hour
knots 1.151 statute miles/hour
knots 2027 yards/hour
knots 1.689 feet/second
meters/minute 1.667 centimeters/second
meters/minute 3.281 feet/minute
meters/minute 0.05468 feet/second
meters/minute 0.06 kms/hour
meters/minute 0.03238 knots
meters/minute 0.03728 miles/hour
meters/second 196.8 feet/minute
meters/second 3.281 feet/second
meters/second 3.6 kilometers/hour
meters/second 0.06 kilometers/minute
meters/second 2.237 miles/hour
meters/second 0.03728 miles/minute

15
General Information
Units Conversion

Velocity
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
miles/hour 44.7 centimeters/second
miles/hour 88 feet/minute
miles/hour 1.467 feet/second
miles/hour 1.609 kms/hour
miles/hour 0.02682 kms/minute
miles/hour 0.8684 knots
miles/hour 26.82 meters/minute
miles/hour 0.1667 miles/minute
miles/minute 2682 centimeters/second
miles/minute 88 feet/second
miles/minute 1.609 kms/minute
miles/minute 0.8684 knots/minute
miles/minute 60 miles/hour

Volume
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
barrels (oil) 42 gallons (oil)
barrels (US dry) 7056 cubic inches
barrels (US dry) 105 quarts (dry)
barrels (US, liquid) 31.5 gallons
bushels 1.2445 cubic foot
bushels 2150.4 cubic inch
bushels 0.03524 cubic meters
bushels 35.24 liters
bushels 4 pecks
bushels 64 pint (dry)
bushels 32 quarts (dry)
centiliter 0.3382 ounce fluid (US)
centiliter 0.6103 cubic inch
centiliter 2.705 drams
centiliters 0.01 liters
cord feet 16 cubic feet
cords 8 cord feet
cubic centimeter 3.53E-05 cubic foot
cubic centimeter 0.06102374 cubic inch
cubic centimeter 0.000001 cubic meter
cubic centimeter 1000 cubic millimeter
cubic centimeter 1.31E-06 cubic yard
cubic centimeter 0.2815606 drachm (Brit. fluid)
cubic centimeter 0.2705122 dram (U.S. fluid)
cubic centimeter 2.20E-04 gallon (Brit liquid)
cubic centimeter 2.64E-04 gallon (US liquid)
cubic centimeter 0.001 liter
cubic centimeter 0.002113 pint (US liquid)
cubic centimeter 0.001057 quart (US liquid)
cubic feet 0.8036 bushels (dry)
cubic feet 28320 cubic centimeters
cubic feet 1728 cubic inches
cubic feet 0.02832 cubic meters
cubic feet 0.037037037 cubic yards

16
 General Information
Units Conversion

Volume
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
cubic feet 7.48052 gallons (US liquid)
cubic feet 28.32 liters
cubic feet 59.84 pints (US liquid)
cubic feet 29.92 quarts (US liquid)
cubic inches 16.39 cubic centimeters
cubic inches 0.0005787 cubic feet
cubic inches 1.64E-05 cubic meters
cubic inches 2.14E-05 cubic yards
cubic inches 0.004329 gallons
cubic inches 106100 mil-feet
cubic inches 0.03463 pints (US liquid)
cubic inches 0.01732 quarts (US liquid)
cubic meters 28.38 bushels (dry)
cubic meters 1000000 cubic centimeters
cubic meters 35.31 cubic feet
cubic meters 61023 cubic inches
cubic meters 1.307951 cubic yards
cubic meters 264.2 gallons (US liquid)
cubic meters 1000 liters
cubic meters 2113 pints (US liquid)
cubic meters 1057 quarts (US liquid)
cubic yards 764600 cubic centimeters
cubic yards 27 cubic feet
cubic yards 46656 cubic inches
cubic yards 0.7646 cubic meters
cubic yards 202 gallons (US liquid)
cubic yards 764.6 liters
cubic yards 1615.9 pints (US liquid)
cubic yards 807.9 quarts (US liquid)
cups 236.588 cubic centimeters
deciliters 0.1 liters
dekaliters 10 liters
drams(US fluid or apoth.) 3.6967 cubic centimeter
drops 0.01666 teaspoons
gallons 3785.412 cubic centimeters
gallons 0.1337 cubic feet
gallons 231 cubic inches
gallons 0.003785 cubic meters
gallons 0.004951 cubic yards
gallons 3.785 liters
gallons (liquid British imp.) 1.20095 gallons (US liquid)
gallons (US) 0.83267 gallons (imperial)
gallons of water 8.3liquid453 pounds of water
hectoliters 100 liters
hogsheads (British) 10.114 cubic feet
hogsheads (U.S.) 8.42184 cubic feet
hogsheads (U.S.) 63 gallons (U.S.)
kiloliters 1000 liters
liters 0.02838 bushels (U.S. dry)
liters 1000 cubic centimeter
liters 0.03531 cubic feet
liters 61.02 cubic inches

17
General Information
Units Conversion

Volume
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
liters 0.001 cubic meters
liters 1.31E-03 cubic yards
liters 0.2642 gallons (U.S. liquid)
liters 2.113 pints (U.S. liquid)
liters 1.057 quarts (U.S. liquid)
microliters 1.00E-06 liters
mil-feet 9.43E-06 cubic inches
milliliters 0.001 liters
minims (British) 0.059192 cubic centimeter
minims (US fluid) 0.061612 cubic centimeter
ounces (fluid) 1.805 cubic inches
ounces (fluid) 0.02957 liters
ounces (troy) 480 grains
ounces (troy) 31.103481 grams
ounces (troy) 1.09714 ounces (avoirdupois)
ounces (troy) 20 pennyweights (troy)
ounces (troy) 0.08333 pounds (troy)
pecks (British) 554.6 cubic inches
pecks (British) 9.091901 liters
pecks (US) 0.25 bushels
pecks (US) 537.605 cubic inches
pecks (US) 8.809582 liters
pecks (US) 8 quarts (dry)
pints (Brit.) 568.26125 cubic centimeters
pints (Brit.) 34.67743 cubic inches
pints (Brit.) 0.125 gallons (Brit.)
pints (Brit.) 4 gills (Brit.)
pints (Brit.) 0.56826125 liters
pints (Brit.) 568.26125 milliliters
pints (Brit.) 20 ounces (Brit. fluid)
pints (Brit.) 1.032057 pints (US dry)
pints (Brit.) 1.20095 pints (US liquid)
pints (US dry) 550.6105 cubic centimeters
pints (US dry) 33.6003125 cubic inches
pints (US dry) 0.5506105 liters
pints (US dry) 550.6105 milliters
pints (US dry) 0.0625 peck (US)
pints (US dry) 0.968939 pint (Brit. dry)
pints (US dry) 0.5 quarts (US dry)
pints (US liquid) 473.1765 cubic centimeter
pints (US liquid) 0.01671 cubic feet
pints (US liquid) 28.875 cubic inches
pints (US liquid) 4.73E-04 cubic meters
pints (US liquid) 6.19E-04 cubic yards
pints (US liquid) 0.125 gallons (US)
pints (US liquid) 4 gills (US)
pints (US liquid) 0.4731765 liters
pints (US liquid) 473.1765 milliliters
pints (US liquid) 16 ounce (US fluid)
pints (US liquid) 0.8326742 pints (Brit. liquid)
pints (US liquid) 0.5 quarts (liquid)
pounds of water 0.01602 cubic feet

18
 General Information
Units Conversion

Volume
MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
pounds of water 27.68 cubic inches
pounds of water 0.1198 gallons
quarts (dry) 67.2 cubic inches
quarts (liquid) 946.4 cubic centimeters
quarts (liquid) 0.03342 cubic feet
quarts (liquid) 57.75 cubic inches
quarts (liquid) 9.46E-04 cubic meters
quarts (liquid) 1.24E-03 cubic yards
quarts (liquid) 0.25 gallons
quarts (liquid) 0.9463 liters
tablespoons (metric) 15 milliliter
tablespoons (US) 14.79 milliliter
teaspoons (metric) 5 milliliter

19
General Information
Fractional Decimal Equivalents

Fractional Decimal Equivalents

Decimal Decimal
mm
Fraction Equivalent Fraction Equivalent mm
1/64 0.015625 0.397 33/64 0.515625 13.097

1/32 0.031250 0.794 17/32 0.531250 13.494

3/64 0.046875 1.191 35/64 0.546875 13.891

1/16 0.062500 1.588 9/16 0.562500 14.288

5/64 0.078125 1.984 37/64 0.578125 14.684

3/32 0.093750 2.381 19/32 0.593750 15.081

7/64 0.109375 2.778 39/64 0.609375 15.478

1/8 0.125000 3.175 5/8 0.625000 15.875

9/64 0.140625 3.572 41/64 0.640625 16.272

5/32 0.156250 3.969 21/32 0.656250 16.669

11/64 0.171875 4.366 43/64 0.671875 17.066

3/16 0.187500 4.763 11/16 0.687500 17.463

13/64 0.203125 5.159 45/64 0.703125 17.859

7/32 0.218750 5.556 23/32 0.718750 18.256

15/64 0.234375 5.953 47/64 0.734375 18.653

1/4 0.250000 6.350 3/4 0.750000 19.050

17/64 0.265625 6.747 49/64 0.765625 19.447

9/32 0.281250 7.144 25/32 0.781250 19.844

19/64 0.296875 7.541 51/64 0.796875 20.241

5/16 0.312500 7.938 13/16 0.812500 20.638

21/64 0.328125 8.334 53/64 0.828125 21.034

11/32 0.343750 8.731 27/32 0.843750 21.431

23/64 0.359375 9.128 55/64 0.859375 21.828

3/8 0.375000 9.525 7/8 0.875000 22.225

25/64 0.390625 9.922 57/64 0.890625 22.622

13/32 0.406250 10.319 29/32 0.906250 23.019

27/64 0.421875 10.716 59/64 0.921875 23.416

7/16 0.437500 11.113 15/16 0.937500 23.813

29/64 0.453125 11.509 61/64 0.953125 24.209

15/32 0.468750 11.906 31/32 0.968750 24.606

31/64 0.484375 12.303 63/64 0.984375 25.003

1/2 0.500000 12.700 1 1.000000 25.400

20
 General Information
Temperature Conversions

Temperature Conversions
Fahrenheit Centigrade Fahrenheit Centigrade Fahrenheit Centigrade

+ 300º + 148.89º + 180º + 82.22º + 60º + 15.56º

+ 295º + 146.11º + 175º + 79.44º + 55º + 12.78º

+ 290º + 143.33º + 170º + 76.67º + 50º + 10.00º

+ 285º + 140.56º + 165º + 73.89º + 45º + 7.22º

+ 280º + 137.78º + 160º + 71.11º + 40º + 4.44º

+ 275º + 135.00º + 155º + 68.33º + 35º + 1.67º

+ 270º + 132.22º + 150º + 65.56º + 30º -+ 1.11º

+ 265º + 129.44º + 145º + 62.78º + 25º -+ 3.89º

+ 260º + 126.67º + 140º + 60.00º + 20º -+ 6.67º

+ 255º + 123.89º + 135º + 57.22º + 15º -+ 9.44º

+ 250º + 121.11º + 130º + 54.44º + 10º -+ 12.22º

+ 245º + 118.33º + 125º + 51.67º + 5º -+ 15.00º

+ 240º + 115.56º + 120º + 48.89º 0º -+ 17.78º

+ 235º + 112.78º + 115º + 46.11º -5º -+ 20.56º

+ 230º + 110.00º + 110º + 43.33º -10º -+ 23.33º

+ 225º + 107.22º + 105º + 40.56º -15º -+ 26.11º

+ 220º + 104.44º + 100º + 37.78º -20º -+ 28.89º

+ 215º + 101.67º + 95º + 35.00º -25º -+ 31.67º

+ 210º + 98.89º + 90º + 32.22º -30º -+ 34.44º

+ 205º + 96.11º + 85º + 29.44º -35º -+ 37.22º

+ 200º + 93.33º + 80º + 26.67º -40º -+ 40.00º

+ 195º + 90.56º + 75º + 23.89º -45º -+ 42.78º

+ 190º + 87.78º + 70º + 21.11º -50º -+ 45.56º

+ 185º + 85.00º + 65º + 18.33º -55º -+ 48.33º

21
General Information
Useful Formulas

Useful Formulas
Temperature Conversions
Temperature Centigrade = 5/9 (Temp. °F - 32)
Temperature Fahrenheit = 9/5 (Temp. °C) + 32
Temperature Absolute C = Temp. °C + 273
Temperature Absolute F = Temp. °F + 460

Volume Capacity of Pipes

Gallons per 1000’ = 40.8 x (ID in inches)2
Barrels per 1000’ = 0.9714 x (ID in inches)2
Cubic feet per 1000’ = 5.454 x (ID in inches)2
Gallons per mile = 215.4240 x (ID in inches)2
Barrels per mile = 5.1291 x (ID in inches)2
Cubic Meter per 100 Meter = 0.0000785 (ID in inches)2

Approximate Volume of Hose

2” hose = 0.02 cubic feet per foot length or 51 mm = 0.00186 m3 per meter
21/2” hose = 0.03 cubic feet per foot length or 64 mm = 0.00279 m3 per meter
3” hose = 0.04 cubic feet per foot76 mm = 0.00372 m3 per meter
4” hose = 0.08 cubic feet per foot102 mm = 0.00743 m3 per meter

Velocity
Feet per minute = 1029.42 (Bbls per minuteminute) ÷ (ID in inches)2
Meter per minute = 1273240 (m3 per minuteminute) ³ (ID in mm)2
Feet per second = Gallons per minuteminute (0.4085) ÷ (ID in inches)2
Meters per second = 76394400 (m3 per minuteminute) ³ (ID in mm)2

Hydraulics
Horsepower = work per time = (force x distance) ÷ time
Heat (BTU / hr) = pressure (psi. across relief) x flow rate (gpm discharge) x 1.4848
Work (foot-pounds) = force (lbs) x distance (ft)
Power = pressure x flow or 1 HP = psi. x gpm ÷ 1713.6
Hydraulic HP = 0.000584 (Gallons per minute) x (Pressure, psi.)
Hydraulic HP = 0.02448 (Barrels per minute) x (Pressure, psi.)
Hydraulic HP = (Barrels per minute) x (Pressure, psi.) ÷ 40.8
Hydraulic HP = (Brake HP) x (Efficiency of power train to pump) x (Pump Efficiency)

Volumes
Bbl/ft. in round tank = (Diameter, in feet)2 ÷ 7.14
Bbl/in. in round tank = (Diameter, in feet)2 ÷ 85.7
Bbl/in. in square tank = 0.0143 (Length, ft.) Width, ft.)
Cubic feet per inch in square tank = 0.0833 (Length, ft.) Width, ft.)
m3 per M in round tank = 0.7854 (Diameter, in meters)2
m3 per centimeter in round tank = 0.007854 (Diameter, in meters)2
m3 per centimeter in square tank = Length (m) x Width (m) x 0.01

22
 General Information
Useful Formulas

Mud Pit Calculation

0.0833 (Length, ft.) (Width, Ft.) = Cubic feet per inch of Depth
0.0148 (Length, ft.) (Width, Ft.) = Barrels per inch of Depth
0.00058 (Length, inches) (Width, inches) = Cubic feet per inch of Depth
m3 per centimeter of Depth = Length in Meter x Width in Meter x 0.01
m3 per m of Length = Length in Meter x Width in Meter

Pipe Displacement
(Metal Only w/Coupling)

0.002 (Wt of pipe per ft. with coupling) (Depth, ft.) = Displacement in ft3
0.00367 (Wt of pipe per ft. with coupling) (Depth, ft.) = Displacement in bbls
0.000124 x (Wt of pipe in kg/m with couplings) (Depth, m) = Displacement in m3

Reel Capacities for Coiled Tubing

Standard Shipping Spool Tubing Capacity (English)
Spool Measurements D = 1.00” 1.25” 1.50” 1.75” 2.00” 2.375” 2.875” 3.50”
(in) E= 2.0” 2.0” 2.0” 2.75” 3.0” 3.5” 4.0” 4.5”
Reel Flange Core Flange
OD Height Dia. Width
A B C Reel Capacities in Feet
90 21.0 48 48 15,997 9,961 6,635
112 20.0 72 60 25,447 15,746 11,310 7,030 5,529 3,387
116 22.0 72 60 28,903 18,498 12,456 8,935 6,362 4,060
120 24.0 72 60 32,484 19,921 13,635 9,934 7,226 4,765
124 26.0 72 60 36,191 22,861 16,085 10,964 8,121 5,500
128 28.0 72 60 40,024 24,379 17,357 12,025 9,048 6,267
135 26.5 82 65 43,291 27,353 19,093 13,191 9,584 6,576
140 29.0 82 65 50,081 30,947 22,087 15,729 11,762 7,475
142 30.0 82 65 52,412 32,795 22,087 15,729 11,762 8,407
154 31.0 92 65 59,713 37,808 25,774 18,598 14,074 9,185 6,110
154 28.0 98 65 54,863 33,489 23,635 16,612 12,265 8,606 5,575
160 24.0 112 79 60,971 37,362 25,348 18,802 13,477 9,054 5,482 3,729
180 34.0 112 89 107,367 66,567 46,547 31,544 24,536 16,332 11,054 7,330
180 25.0 130 89 81,993 51,023 35,333 23,719 19,260 13,197 8,254 4,827

Standard Shipping Spool Tubing Capacity (Metric)

Spool D (mm) 25.4 31.75 38.1 44.45 50.8 60.325 73.025 88.9
Measurements (m) E (mm) 50.8 50.8 50.8 69.85 76.2 88.9 101.6 114.3
Reel Flange Core Flange
OD Height Dia. Width
A B C Reel Capacities in Meters
2.29 0.533 1.219 1.219 4,876 3,036 2,022
2.84 0.508 1.829 1.524 7,756 4,799 3,447 2,143 1,685 1,032
2.95 0.559 1.829 1.524 8,810 5,638 3,797 2,723 1,939 1,238
3.05 0.610 1.829 1.524 9,901 6,072 4,156 3,028 2,202 1,452
3.15 0.660 1.829 1.524 11,031 6,968 4,903 3,342 2,475 1,676
3.25 0.711 1.829 1.524 12,199 7,431 5,291 3,665 2,758 1,910
3.43 0.673 2.083 1.651 13,195 8,337 5,819 4,021 2,921 2,004
3.56 0.737 2.083 1.651 15,265 9,433 6,732 4,794 3,585 2,278
3.61 0.762 2.083 1.651 15,975 9,996 6,732 4,794 3,585 2,563
3.91 0.787 2.337 1.651 18,200 11,524 7,856 5,669 4,290 2,800 1,862
3.91 0.711 2.489 1.651 16,722 10,208 7,204 5,063 3,738 2,623 1,699
4.06 0.610 2.845 2.007 18,584 11,388 7,726 5,731 4,108 2,760 1,671 1,137
4.57 0.864 2.845 2.261 32,725 20,290 14,188 9,614 7,479 4,978 3,369 2,234
4.57 0.635 3.302 2.261 24,992 15,552 10,770 7,230 5,870 4,022 2,516 1,471

23
General Information
Useful Formulas

NOTE 1: N & M must be rounded down to an integer number.

NOTE 2: L is in the same units as A, B, C, D and E

24
 General Information
Nitrogen Properties & Uses

Nitrogen Properties & Uses

Nitrogen makes up approximately 78% of the earth's atmosphere. Nitrogen gas is an inert
gas that is both colorless and odorless with a density of 0.0724 pounds / scf (at 14.7psia and
60°F). In 1959, when techniques for using liquid nitrogen were developed, nitrogen made its
introduction into the oilfield. Nitrogen is converted into a liquid (along with oxygen) through a
gas separation and liquification plant. The liquid nitrogen (LN2) is considered a cryogenic
material. Cryogenics is a term used for materials at -150°F or colder.

Temperature Characteristics
At atmospheric pressure (14.7 psia), liquid nitrogen will "boil" at -320.5°F. In other words, it
begins to vaporize to a gas above -320.5°F.
LN2 boiling point = -320.5°F at 14.7 psia

The critical temperature (where all properties of the coexisting vapor and liquid phases
become identical) = -232.8°F

Volume Characteristics
If you had one gallon of liquid nitrogen (at atmospheric pressure) and allowed it to vaporize
entirely into gas, you would then have 93.11 scf (standard cubic feet) of nitrogen gas. Stan-
dard conditions are considered to be at 14.7 psi (1 atmosphere) pressure and 70°F.

Our conversion tables tell us that one gallon is equal to 0.1337 cubic feet. Our one gallon of
liquid nitrogen is also 0.1337 cubic feet of liquid nitrogen. If it is allowed to entirely vaporize
to a gas (at 14.7 psi and 70°F), you would still end up with 93.11 scf of gas. This is equiva-
lent to 696.5 gallons of gas. Remember, 93.11 cf / 0.1337 cf/gallon = 696.5 gallon.

25
General Information
Nitrogen Properties & Uses

Conversion Data

1 lb 1 kg 1 SCF Gas 1 Nm³ Gas 1 Gal Liquid 1 L Liquid

lb 1.0000 2.205 0.07245 2.757 6.745 1.782
kg 0.4536 1.0 0.03286 1.2506 3.060 0.8083
scf gas 13.803 30.42 1.0 38.04 93.11 24.60
Nm³ 0.3627 0.7996 0.02628 1.0 2.447 0.6464
Gal Liquid 0.1481 0.3262 0.01074 0.4080 1.0 0.2642
* Nm³ (normal cubic meter) gas measured at 1 atmosphere and 0°C. All values rounded to nearest 4/5 significant
numbers. SCF (standard cubic foot) gas measured at 1 atmosphere and 70°F. Liquid measured at 1 atmosphere and
boiling temperature. All values are consistent with standards adopted by the Compressed Gas Association on June
6, 1962.

L Liquid 0.5606 1.2349 0.04065 1.5443 3.785 1.0

Nitrogen Characteristics
• Chemical Symbol = N2
• Molecular Weight = 28.016
• Triple Point = -345.9°F at 1.82 psig
• Specific Gravity of Liquid Nitrogen (water = 1.0) = 0.809
• Normal Boiling Point = -320.45°F
• Latent Heat of Evaporation = 85.67 BTU / lb
• Critical Temperature = -232.87°F
• Critical Pressure = 492.3 psia
• Critical Pressure Atmospheres abs. = 33.54
• Triple Point Pressure Atmospheres abs. = 0.1238
• Triple Point Pressure psia = 1.819
• Specific Heat (cp) @ 77°F = 0.4471 BTU / (lb) (°F)
• Specific Heat (cv) @ 70°F = 0.3197 BTU / (lb) (°F)
• Ratio of Specific Heat = 1.4014 @ 70°F
• Coeff Viscosity, Micropoises @ 77°F = 117.96
• Thermal Conductivity @ 60°F = 0.01462 BTU / ft²/hour
• Density of Saturated Vapor @ 14.7 psia - 0.03635 lb/ft³
• Density lb/ft³ 70°F 1 ATM = 0.07245
• Specific Gravity of Saturated Vapor @14.7 psia (air = 1.0) = 0.967
• Specific Volume cu. ft. per lb. 70°F 1 ATM = 13.803
• Density of Liquid Nitrogen @ Normal Boiling Point = 50.443 lb/ft³
• Weighs approximately 3% less than air (at atmospheric temperature)
• Odorless, Colorless, Tasteless
• Nontoxic and nonflammable

26
 General Information
Nitrogen Properties & Uses

Safety
Wear protective clothing to cover as much of the body as possible.
• Safety goggles
• Thermal or leather gloves
• Long sleeve shirts
• Cuffless trousers (don't stick your pants in your boots)

Avoid skin contract. Liquid nitrogen is hazardous. Contact with

human tissue will destroy the tissue in a manner similar to high
temperature burns. Freeze burns will result from contact with the
actual liquid or contact with the cold surfaces of piping and
equipment containing the liquid.

Liquid nitrogen causes immediate damage to your eyes. Eye

damage is usually beyond repair.

A well ventilated work environment is essential. Without proper

ventilation, nitrogen can displace oxygen to cause dizziness,
unconsciousness, or even death when inhaled.

First Aid
1. Remove any clothing that may restrict blood circulation to the affected body area.
2. Do not rub the affected area as this may cause further tissue damage.
3. Apply cold compresses if possible.
4. Get to a physician for treatment.

Oilfield Applications
• Freeing stuck drill pipe
• Drill stem testing
• Enhance perforating
• Nitrogen fracs
• Unload fluids from a well
• Inhibit tubulars
• Nitrogen acid treatments
• Displace fluids down tubulars
• Set hydraulic packers
• Pipeline purging, cleaning, and testing
• Gas lift
• Cementing
• Pressure testing

Treating Iron
Carbon steel becomes brittle at approximately -40°F. Allowing LN2 or nitrogen gas at this
temperature in the carbon steel treating iron is one of the most dangerous mistakes an oper-
ator can make. When this occurs, any shock could cause treating iron to break like glass.

Carbon Steel cannot withstand rapid contraction. Nitrogen can shrink the inside of treating
iron faster than the outside of the treating iron causing it to separate.

27
General Information
Coiled Tubing Glossary

Coiled Tubing Glossary

-A-
Absolute Pressure
The pressure measured from a vacuum. (0 psi absolute pressure = vacuum)
Absolute pressure minus atmospheric pressure equals gauge pressure.
Note that it is physically impossible to have a negative absolute pressure.

Accumulator
* A pressure vessel charged with nitrogen gas used to store hydraulic fluid
under pressure for operation of pressure control equipment.

Accumulator precharge
* An initial nitrogen charge in an accumulator which is further compressed
when the hydraulic fluid is pumped into the accumulator storing potential
energy.

Actuation Test, well control component

* The closing and opening of a well control component to assure mechanical
functioning.

Annulus
The annulus is the area between the CT and the well tubulars.

Axial Load
Force applied along the length of the CT string. Tension is positive. Com-
pression is negative.

Axial Stress
The axial load at a given point in the CT divided by the cross-sectional area
of the CT.

The axial stress is part of the Von Mises Stress.

Azimuth
The azimuth in well survey data is the angle from North, in degrees, of the
well axis at a given point. For example, a section of a well that goes East,
has an azimuth of 90 degrees.

-B-
BHA
Bottom hole assembly

28
 General Information
Coiled Tubing Glossary

Bingham Plastic
Bingham plastic is the model for a fluid which does not flow until a specific
yield point is reached. Cement and some drilling muds are often modeled as
Bingham plastics.

Blind Rams
* The rams in a well control stack which are designed to seal against each
other to effectively close the wellbore when there are no tools or pipe
through the well control stack. The blind rams are not intended to seal
against coiled tubing.

Blowout
* An uncontrolled flow of pressurized wellbore fluids and/or formation fluids
out of the wellbore or into lower pressured subsurface zones (underground
blowout).

-C-
Check valve
* A valve that allows flow through it in one direction only. This device is
installed at the coiled tubing connector and allows fluid to be circulated
down the string but prevents backflow. This device may be a ball-and-seat
type or flapper type.

Choke
* A device with either a fixed or a variable aperture used to control the rate of
flow of liquids and/or gas.

Christmas tree
* A term applied to the combination of valves and fittings assembled above
the top of the tubing spool on a completed well to contain well pressure and
control the flow of hydrocarbons and other fluids.

Closing ratio
* The ratio of the wellhead pressure to the hydraulic actuation pressure
required to close the well control component.

Collapse
* Flattening of the coiled tubing due to external pressure or external pressure
combined with either tension or bending.

Compression
When a portion of a CT string is pushed together along its axis, it is in com-
pression.
Compression is the opposite of tension.

29
General Information
Coiled Tubing Glossary

Continuous Taper
Varying wall thickness of a section of CT linearly from one end of the section
to the other.

Critical Buckling
The point where a section of CT begins to form a sinusoidal curve in the
hole. Critical bucking does not mean that your tubing cannot go further into
the hole. Usually called Sinusoidal Bucking.

-D-
Derate
To manually lower the used life of a string to the derating factor. You derate
welds and zones.

Derating Factor
The amount the used life of a weld or zone is reduced to. For example, a
zone with a derating factor of 85% means that it has 85% of the life it would
normally have.

Depth
The distance from the zero depth datum at the top of the well to the point in
question. Depth can be measured from the downhole end of a string, but
depth is not related to string position.

Drawdown
The difference between the bottom hole pressure at the reservoir and the
reservoir pressure. The change in pressure causes the fluid in a reservoir to
flow into the well. In a killed well, there is no drawdown because the bottom
hole pressure is equal to the reservoir pressure.

-E-
E-line Capable
A work reel that is e-line capable has connections for an electrical cable
installed inside the CT string.

Effective Wall
The effective wall of a CT string is the minimum wall minus the wall reduc-
tion. It represents the worst case for the actual wall thickness used in tubing
life and strength calculations.

Effective Well
The effective well is what is used in force and hydraulics calculations. In gen-
eral, the effective well follows the innermost tubulars (tubing, casing, liners,
and open hole).

30
 General Information
Coiled Tubing Glossary

-F-
Failure Criterion
The point which Achilles uses as 100% used life for a string. Failure can be
defined in two ways: as crack initiation, or as fracture. In crack initiation, the
beginnings of a crack appears on the CT. In fracture, the crack has propa-
gated through the wall of the CT and the CT cannot hold pressure.

Foam Quality
The ratio of the volume of gas over the total volume of the fluid. A foam with
a quality of 1 is all gas. A foam with a quality of 0 is all liquid. Foam quality is
dependent on temperature, as temperature affects the volume of gas.

Freeboard
The distance from the top of the last wrap of coiled tubing to the outside of
the flange of the reel. For safety reasons, the reel is never completely filled
with coiled tubing. Some operators recommend a different freeboard for
each coiled tubing diameter. The more freeboard, the less the reel capacity.

-G-
Gate Valve
* A valve which employs a sliding gate to open or close the flow passage.
The valve may or may not be full-opening.

Gauge Pressure
The pressure indicated by a pressure gauge. (0 psi gauge pressure = atmo-
spheric pressure) Gauge pressure plus atmospheric pressure equals abso-
lute pressure. Note that it is possible to have a negative gauge pressure.

-H-
Helical Buckling
The point where a section of CT begins to form a helix in the well casing. In a
vertical well, helical buckling begins as soon as any compressive load is
applied. The helix introduces additional bending stresses and friction, which
can lead to lockup.

Helical Buckling Load

The amount of force required to reach helical bucking.

Hoop Stress
The stress around the circumference of the CT due to inner and outer pres-
sure.
The hoop stress is part of the Von Mises Stress.

31
General Information
Coiled Tubing Glossary

-I-
Inclination
The inclination in well survey data is the angle, in degrees, between the well
axis and the vertical axis at a given depth. A vertical section of well has an
inclination of 0 degrees. A horizontal section of well has an inclination of 90
degrees.

-K-
Kill Line
* A high-pressure line between the pumps and some point below a well con-
trol component. This line allows fluids to be pumped into the well or annu-
lus with the well control component closed.

-L-
Lockup Depth
The depth, if any, at which the increased drag due to helical buckling causes
the downhole end of the tubing to stop moving into the well, even though tub-
ing may still be entering the well at the surface. If this occurs, the bottom of
the well cannot be reached and the job cannot be performed with the existing
configuration.

-M-
Measured Depth
The current depth of the tubing following the trajectory of the well as indi-
cated by the depth counter at the surface. The actual depth may be slightly
less due to buckling. Note that measured depth is different from True Vertical
Depth.

Minimum Wall
The minimum wall is the smallest allowable thickness for a given nominal
wall according to the manufacturer's specifications. Although the actual wall
thickness will in most cases be greater, for critical calculation purposes, the
minimum wall thickness is used to ensure that a worst-case scenario is con-
sidered.

-N-
Newtonian Fluid
Newtonian is the model for fluids exhibiting a linear relationship between
shear stress and shear rate. Few oil field fluids are truly Newtonian, but the
Newtonian model is the best known and easiest to understand. Fresh water
can be modeled as a Newtonian fluid.

32
 General Information
Coiled Tubing Glossary

Nominal Wall
The nominal wall is the target wall thickness sold by the manufacturer and
commonly referred to by users. The actual wall size may vary within the plus
and minus specifications quoted by the manufacturer.

-P-
Pipe Ram
* The rams in a well control stack which are designed to seal around coiled
tubing to close and isolate pressure in the annular space below the rams.

Pipe / Slip Ram

* The rams in a well control stack which are designed to provide the func-
tions of both a pipe ram and a slip ram in one ram body.

Plug Valve
* A valve whose mechanism consists of a plug with a hole through it on the
same axis as the direction of fluid flow. Turning the plug 90 degrees opens
or closes the valve. The valve may or may not be full-opening.

POOH
An abbreviation for "pulling out of hole".

Position
Position on a string is the distance measured from the reel core end to the
point in question. The reel core end is at position zero. Position is not related
to depth, although depth is measured from the free end of a string.

Power Fluid
* Pressurized hydraulic fluid dedicated to the direct operation of functions.

Power Law Fluid

Power law is the model for fluids exhibiting a non-linear relationship between
shear stress and shear rate. Many oil field fluids, both water-based muds
and hydrocarbons, are modeled using the Power Law.

Precharge
* An initial nitrogen charge in an accumulator which is further compressed
when the hydraulic fluid is pumped into the accumulator storing potential
energy.

Pressure Test, well control component

* The process of performing an internal pressure test on the well control
component or well control stack.

33
General Information
Coiled Tubing Glossary

Primary Barrier
* The primary barrier is the means which allows the coiled tubing service to
be performed in underbalanced conditions. Since coiled tubing service
units are designed to operate with surface well pressure present, the pri-
mary barrier is the well control stack.

-R-
Radial Stress
The stress through the CT wall due to inner and outer pressure.

The radial stress is part of the Von Mises Stress.Reel Back Tension

The tension maintained at the reel to insure that the tubing on the reel does
not uncoil or become slack.

Reel back tension only affects the surface weight calculation, not the
downhole forces, since the tubing is held at the injector.

Regulator (pressure)
* A hydraulic device that reduces upstream supply pressure to a desired
(regulated) pressure. It may be manual or remotely operated and, once set,
will automatically maintain the regulated output pressure unless reset to a
different pressure.

RIH
An abbreviation for "running in hole".

RTKB
RTKB (Rotary Table Kelly Bushing) is the depth reference typically used by
conventional drilling rigs when they drill a well.

-S-
Secondary Barrier
* The secondary barrier is the means which provides a contingency for main-
taining well control in the event the primary barrier is unable to function
properly. For coiled tubing service units, the secondary barrier may include
additional surface well control components or kill weight fluids.

Section
A CT string is divided into sections which have different physical properties,
such as different wall sizes.

Shear Ram
* The rams in a well control stack which arc; designed to shear the coiled
tubing located directly across the ram position.

34
 General Information
Coiled Tubing Glossary

Shear / Seal Ram

* The rams in a well control stack which are designed to provide the func-
tions of both a shear ram and a blind ram in one ram body.

Shipping Spool
A shipping spool is a spool used to hold a CT string for shipping purposes
only, and is not used for a job like a work reel.

Shut-off Valve
* A valve that closes a hydraulic or pneumatic supply line.

Sinusoidal Buckling
The CT snaking back and forth in the form of a sine wave. Also called snake
buckling. Sinusoidal buckling is not critical and does not affect tubing forces
calculations.

Sinusoidal Buckling Load

The compressive axial force at which the CT begins sinusoidal buckling.

Slip Ram
* The rams in a well control stack which are equipped with tubing slips that,
when engaged, prevent movement of the coiled tubing but do not isolate
pressure or control flow.

Snubbing
* Condition for working coiled tubing through an energized stripper, where
wellbore pressure applied against the cross-sectional area of the tube cre-
ates an upward acting force greater than the weight of the tubing in the
wellbore. In this condition mechanical assistance is required to apply thrust
to the tubing while injecting or to maintain control of the tubing when
extracting. This condition is commonly called pipe-light operations.

Stored Hydraulic Fluid Volume

* The fluid volume recoverable from the accumulator system between the
maximum designed accumulator operating pressure and the precharge
pressure.

String
* The makeup of a specific length of coiled tubing used for well intervention.

Stripper
* A device with a resilient elastomeric element used to effect a seal in the
annulus. This device is used primarily to isolate well pressure from the
atmosphere when injecting or extracting the coiled tubing in pressurized
wellbores.

35
General Information
Coiled Tubing Glossary

Stripper Friction
The frictional force caused by the compression of the stripper packing ele-
ments on the tubing. This friction always acts in the opposite direction of the
tubing movement. Although variable, it is usually assumed to lie in the range
of 300 to 1,000 pounds of force.

Stripping
* Condition for working coiled tubing through an energized stripper where
wellbore pressure applied against the cross-sectional area of the tube cre-
ates an upward acting force less than the weight of the tubing in the well-
bore. In this condition mechanical assistance is required to support the
tensile load of the tubing and maintain control when injecting or extracting.
This condition is commonly called pipe-heavy operations.

Surface Weight
The weight measured at the surface as the CT is run into and out of the well.
This weight should not exceed approximately 80% of the tensile force
required to yield the CT.

System Pressure Test

* The integrity test used to verify the ability of the pipe and pressure contain-
ment equipment in the service to maintain a pressure seal.

-T-
Target Depth
Most hydraulics calculations are performed with a particular CT depth in
mind. This depth is the target depth.

Tensile Strength
* The maximum tensile stresses which a material is capable of sustaining.
Tensile strength is calculated from the maximum load during a tension test
carried to rupture and the original cross-sectional area of the specimen.

Tension
When a portion of a CT string is being pulled, it is in tension.

Tension is the opposite of compression.

Tool
A single component in a tool string, such as a connector, nozzle, or packer.

Tool String
A tool string is a bottom hole assembly (BHA). It is composed of tools.

Trip
One trip is the string running into and out of the hole.

36
 General Information
Coiled Tubing Glossary

True Vertical Depth

The vertical distance from the surface to a point in the well.

-U-
Usable Hydraulic Pressure
* The hydraulic fluid volume, which can be recovered from the accumulator
system between the maximum designed-accumulator operating pressure
and the minimum operating pressure.

Used Life
Used life of a work string comes from accumulated fatigue and derating. The
used life of a work string is represented by a percentage. A new string has
0% used life. A work string should be retired or repaired before it reaches too
high a used life.

-V-
Von Mises Stress

The Von Mises stress (σvm) is a common method for describing the yielding
of steel under combined states of stress. It includes the influences of axial
stress (σa), radial stress (σr), and hoop stress (σh).

σ vm =
1
2
[
(σ a − σ r )2 + (σ a − σ h )2 + (σ r − σ h )2 ]
-W-
Wall Reduction
The reduction in wall thickness due to exposure to service conditions such
as acid jobs and sand abrasion.

Work Reel
A work reel is a reel you use for an actual job, as opposed to a shipping
spool, which is only used for shipping or storage.

Work String
A work string is a CT string which is actively used in coiled tubing operations.
When a work string accumulates too much fatigue, it may be retired and
used for other purposes.

-Y-
Yield Strength
* The stress at which a material exhibits a specified strain.

37
General Information
Coiled Tubing Glossary

Young's Modulus
The modulus of elasticity of the material. Young's Modulus is a measurement
of how elastic a material is, or how much a material can bend and still return
to its original shape. Young's Modulus for steel is 30,000,000 psi.

-Z-
Zero Depth Datum
The point from which depth is measured at the wellsite (depth = 0). This may
be the Master Valve, ground level, RTKB, at the reel, or any other user spec-
ified position.

Zone
You use zones to flag portions of a CT string and to manually derate fatigue
life.

* As per the API Recommended Practice 5C7, First Edition, December 1996

38
PIPE DATA TABLES & CHARTS

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

COILED TUBING HANDBOOK

Coiled Tubing Volumes & Displacements .................................... 2
Tubing Sizes, Volumes & Displacements..................................... 6
Casing Sizes & Volumes .............................................................. 10
Drill Pipe Sizes & Volumes........................................................... 20
Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Tubing ................... 24
Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing................... 30
Annular Volume for Tubing inside of Casing ................................ 54
Coiled Tubing Performance Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Grade 70 ...................................................................................... 3
Grade 80 ...................................................................................... 13
Grade 90 ...................................................................................... 22
Grade 100 .................................................................................... 32
Grade 110 .................................................................................... 42
Grade 120 .................................................................................... 51
Drill Pipe Yield Strength & Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Drill Pipe Yield Strength ............................................................... 3
Used Drill Pipe Yield Strength ...................................................... 7
Drill Pipe Pressure........................................................................ 11
Used Drill Pipe Pressure .............................................................. 15
Nitrogen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Calculations.................................................................................. 1
Nitrogen Compressibility Factor ................................................... 4
Volume Factor - Low Pressure..................................................... 5
Volume Factor - Medium Pressure............................................... 6
Volume Factor - High Pressure .................................................... 7
Volume Factor High Temperature ................................................ 8
Pressure vs. Depth for Well Full of Nitrogen ................................ 9
Coiled Tubing Stress Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
External Pressure Multiplier ........................................................ 5
Compressive Load Multiplier ....................................................... 9
Internal Pressure Multiplier .......................................................... 13
Coiled Tubing Fatigue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Varying Materials.......................................................................... 2
Varying Failure Criterion............................................................... 2
Coiled Tubing Diameters 1.00" - 1.75" ......................................... 3
Coiled Tubing Diameters 1.50" - 2.375" ....................................... 3
Coiled Tubing Diameters 2.00" - 4.50" ......................................... 4
Varying Wall Thickness ................................................................ 4
 Varying Reel Diameter ................................................................. 5
Varying Guide Arch Radius .......................................................... 5
Depth Correction & Stuck Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Plastic Stretch ............................................................................. 7

COILED TUBING HANDBOOK

Elongation Due to Pressure - Poisson Effect ............................... 42
Period & Shortening due to Helical Buckling ............................... 48
Helical Lockup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Horizontal Reach.......................................................................... 2
Maximum Weight.......................................................................... 9
Catastrophic Buckling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Catastrophic Buckling .................................................................. 3
Hydraulics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Straight Tubing ............................................................................. 7
CT OD = 1.0 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.087 in. & 0.095 in.
Reeled Tubing .............................................................................. 9
CT OD = 1.0 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.087 in. & 0.095 in.
Straight Tubing ............................................................................. 11
CT OD = 1.25 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.095 in. & 0.134 in.
Reeled Tubing .............................................................................. 13
CT OD = 1.25 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.095 in. & 0.134 in.
Straight Tubing ............................................................................. 15
CT OD = 1.5 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.109 in. & 0.134 in.
Reeled Tubing .............................................................................. 17
CT OD = 1.5 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.109 in. & 0.134 in.
Straight Tubing ............................................................................. 19
CT OD = 1.75 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.109 in. & 0.156 in
Reeled Tubing .............................................................................. 21
CT OD = 1.75 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.109 in. & 0.156 in.
Straight Tubing ............................................................................. 23
CT OD = 2.0 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.156 in. & 0.175 in.
Reeled Tubing .............................................................................. 25
CT OD = 2.0 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.156 in. & 0.175 in.
Straight Tubing ............................................................................. 27
CT OD = 2.375 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.188 in. & 0.203 in.
Reeled Tubing .............................................................................. 29
CT OD = 2.375 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.188 in. & 0.203 in.
Straight Tubing ............................................................................. 31
CT OD = 2.875 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.188 in. & 0.203 in.
Reeled Tubing .............................................................................. 33
CT OD = 2.875 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.188 in. & 0.203 in.
Straight Tubing ............................................................................. 35
CT OD = 3.5 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.188 in. & 0.203 in.
Reeled Tubing .............................................................................. 37
CT OD = 3.5 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.188 in. & 0.203 in.
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements
The following tables contain the sizes, volumes and displacements for casing, tubing, drill
pipe and coiled tubing. “Tubing” in these tables refers to production tubing. Additional
tables give the annular volumes for CT inside of casing, CT inside of tubing and tubing
inside of casing. Upsets and couplings are not considered in these calculations.

Equations
The following equations are used to calculate the volume in any consistent units. The vol-
ume must them be converted to the units shown in the tables.

The internal volume is:

π 2
Vi = di = 0.7854di2
4
The displaced volume (referred to as “displacement” in the tables) is:

π 2
Vo = d o = 0.7854d o2
4
The annular volume between two pipes is:

π 2
Va =
4
(di −o − do2−i ) = 0.7854 (di2−o − do2−i )
Nomenclature

dI = internal diameter of the pipe

do = external diameter of the pipe
dI-o = internal diameter of the outer pipe
do-I = external diameter of the inner pipe
Va = annular volume between two pipes
VI = internal volume of the pipe
Vo = external volume of the pipe

1
 anchor

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Volumes & Displacements
Wall Area Internal Volume External Displacement
Outside
Thickness per per
Diameter Wall Internal per 1000 ft per 1000 ft
(Nominal) meter meter
in mm in mm in² mm² in² mm² ft³ gal bbls liters ft³ gal bbls liters

1.000 25.40 0.087 2.210 0.250 161.0 0.536 345.7 3.721 27.84 0.663 0.3457 5.454 40.80 0.971 0.5067
0.095 2.413 0.270 174.3 0.515 332.5 3.578 26.77 0.637 0.3325 5.454 40.80 0.971 0.5067
0.102 2.591 0.288 185.6 0.498 321.1 3.456 25.85 0.615 0.3211 5.454 40.80 0.971 0.5067
0.109 2.769 0.305 196.8 0.480 309.9 3.335 24.95 0.594 0.3099 5.454 40.80 0.971 0.5067

1.250 31.75 0.087 2.210 0.318 205.1 0.909 586.7 6.315 47.24 1.125 0.5867 8.522 63.75 1.518 0.7917
0.095 2.413 0.345 222.4 0.882 569.3 6.128 45.84 1.091 0.5693 8.522 63.75 1.518 0.7917
0.102 2.591 0.368 237.3 0.859 554.4 5.967 44.64 1.063 0.5544 8.522 63.75 1.518 0.7917
2

0.109 2.769 0.391 252.1 0.836 539.7 5.809 43.45 1.035 0.5397 8.522 63.75 1.518 0.7917
0.118 2.997 0.420 270.7 0.808 521.0 5.608 41.95 0.999 0.5210 8.522 63.75 1.518 0.7917
0.125 3.175 0.442 .285.0 0.785 506.7 5.454 40.80 0.971 0.5067 8.522 63.75 1.518 0.7917
0.134 3.404 0.470 303.1 0.757 488.6 5.260 39.34 0.937 0.4886 8.522 63.75 1.518 0.7917
0.145 3.683 0.503 324.7 0.724 467.0 5.027 37.60 0.895 0.4670 8.522 63.75 1.518 0.7917
0.156 3.962 0.536 345.9 0.691 445.8 4.799 35.90 0.855 0.4458 8.522 63.75 1.518 0.7917
0.175 4.445 0.591 381.3 0.636 410.4 4.418 33.05 0.787 0.4104 8.522 63.75 1.518 0.7917

1.500 38.10 0.095 2.413 0.419 270.5 1.348 869.6 9.360 70.02 1.667 0.8696 12.272 91.80 2.186 1.1401
0.102 2.591 0.448 289.0 1.319 851.1 9.161 68.53 1.632 0.8511 12.272 91.80 2.186 1.1401
0.109 2.769 0.476 307.3 1.291 832.8 8.964 67.06 1.596 0.8328 12.272 91.80 2.186 1.1401
0.118 2.997 0.512 330.5 1.255 809.6 8.714 65.19 1.552 0.8096 12.272 91.80 2.186 1.1401
0.125 3.175 0.540 348.4 1.227 791.7 8.522 63.75 1.518 0.7917 12.272 91.80 2.186 1.1401
0.117 2.972 0.508 328.0 1.259 812.1 8.742 65.39 1.557 0.8121 12.272 91.80 2.186 1.1401
0.134 3.404 0.575 371.0 1.192 769.1 8.278 61.93 1.474 0.7691 12.272 91.80 2.186 1.1401
0.145 3.683 0.617 398.2 1.150 741.9 7.985 59.74 1.422 0.7419 12.272 91.80 2.186 1.1401
 Coiled Tubing Volumes & Displacements
Wall Area Internal Volume External Displacement
Outside
Thickness per per
Diameter Wall Internal per 1000 ft per 1000 ft
(Nominal) meter meter
in mm in mm in² mm² in² mm² ft³ gal bbls liters ft³ gal bbls liters

0.156 3.962 0.659 425.0 1.108 715.1 7.698 57.58 1.371 0.7151 12.272 91.80 2.186 1.1401
0.175 4.445 0.728 470.0 1.039 670.1 7.213 53.96 1.285 0.6701 12.272 91.80 2.186 1.1401

1.750 44.45 0.109 2.769 0.562 362.5 1.843 1189.3 12.801 95.76 2.280 1.1893 16.703 124.95 2.975 1.5518
0.118 2.997 0.605 390.3 1.800 1161.5 12.502 93.52 2.227 1.1615 16.703 124.95 2.975 1.5518
0.125 3.175 0.638 411.7 1.767 1140.1 12.272 91.80 2.186 1.1401 16.703 124.95 2.975 1.5518
3

0.134 3.404 0.680 438.9 1.725 1112.9 11.979 89.61 2.133 1.1129 16.703 124.95 2.975 1.5518
0.145 3.683 0.731 471.7 1.674 1080.1 11.626 86.97 2.071 1.0801 16.703 124.95 2.975 1.5518
0.156 3.962 0.781 504.0 1.624 1047.8 11.278 84.37 2.009 1.0478 16.703 124.95 2.975 1.5518
0.175 4.445 0.866 558.6 1.539 993.1 10.690 79.97 1.904 0.9931 16.703 124.95 2.975 1.5518
0.188 4.775 0.923 595.2 1.483 956.6 10.297 77.03 1.834 0.9566 16.703 124.95 2.975 1.5518

2.000 50.80 0.109 2.769 0.648 417.8 2.494 1609.1 17.320 129.56 3.085 1.6091 21.817 163.20 3.886 2.0268
0.118 2.997 0.698 450.1 2.444 1576.7 16.972 126.96 3.023 1.5767 21.817 163.20 3.886 2.0268
0.125 3.175 0.736 475.0 2.405 1551.8 16.703 124.95 2.975 1.5518 21.817 163.20 3.886 2.0268

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

0.134 3.404 0.786 506.8 2.356 1520.0 16.362 122.39 2.914 1.5200 21.817 163.20 3.886 2.0268
0.145 3.683 0.845 545.2 2.297 1481.7 15.948 119.30 2.840 1.4817 21.817 163.20 3.886 2.0268
0.156 3.962 0.904 583.0 2.238 1443.8 15.541 116.25 2.768 1.4438 21.817 163.20 3.886 2.0268

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

0.175 4.445 1.003 647.3 2.138 1379.5 14.849 111.08 2.645 1.3795 21.817 163.20 3.886 2.0268
0.188 4.775 1.070 690.5 2.071 1336.4 14.385 107.60 2.562 1.3364 21.817 163.20 3.886 2.0268

2.375 60.33 0.125 3.175 0.884 570.0 3.547 2288.1 24.629 184.24 4.386 2.2881 30.765 230.14 5.479 2.8581
0.134 3.404 0.943 608.6 3.487 2249.5 24.213 181.13 4.312 2.2495 30.765 230.14 5.479 2.8581
0.145 3.683 1.016 655.4 3.414 2202.8 23.710 177.37 4.223 2.2028 30.765 230.14 5.479 2.8581
 Coiled Tubing Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Wall Area Internal Volume External Displacement
Outside
Thickness per per
Diameter Wall Internal per 1000 ft per 1000 ft
(Nominal) meter meter
in mm in mm in² mm² in² mm² ft³ gal bbls liters ft³ gal bbls liters

0.156 3.962 1.088 701.6 3.343 2156.5 23.213 173.64 4.134 2.1565 30.765 230.14 5.479 2.8581
0.175 4.445 1.210 780.3 3.221 2077.8 22.365 167.31 3.983 2.0778 30.765 230.14 5.479 2.8581
0.188 4.775 1.292 833.3 3.138 2024.8 21.795 163.04 3.882 2.0248 30.765 230.14 5.479 2.8581
0.203 5.156 1.385 893.7 3.045 1964.5 21.146 158.18 3.766 1.9645 30.765 230.14 5.479 2.8581
0.236 5.994 1.586 1023.2 2.844 1835.0 19.752 147.75 3.518 1.8350 30.765 230.14 5.479 2.8581

2.625 66.68 0.125 3.175 0.982 633.4 4.430 2858.1 30.765 230.14 5.479 2.8581 37.583 281.14 6.693 3.4915
0.134 3.404 1.049 676.5 4.363 2815.0 30.300 226.66 5.396 2.8150 37.583 281.14 6.693 3.4915
0.156 3.962 1.210 780.7 4.202 2710.9 29.180 218.28 5.197 2.7109 37.583 281.14 6.693 3.4915
4

0.175 4.445 1.347 869.0 4.065 2622.5 28.229 211.17 5.028 2.6225 37.583 281.14 6.693 3.4915
0.188 4.775 1.439 928.6 3.973 2562.9 27.587 206.37 4.913 2.5629 37.583 281.14 6.693 3.4915
0.203 5.156 1.545 996.5 3.867 2495.0 26.856 200.90 4.783 2.4950 37.583 281.14 6.693 3.4915

2.875 73.03 0.145 3.683 1.244 802.3 5.248 3385.9 36.446 272.63 6.491 3.3859 45.082 337.24 8.029 4.1883
0.156 3.962 1.333 859.7 5.159 3328.5 35.828 268.01 6.381 3.3285 45.082 337.24 8.029 4.1883
0.175 4.445 1.484 957.7 5.007 3230.6 34.774 260.12 6.193 3.2306 45.082 337.24 8.029 4.1883
0.188 4.775 1.587 1023.9 4.905 3164.4 34.061 254.80 6.066 3.1644 45.082 337.24 8.029 4.1883
0.203 5.156 1.704 1099.4 4.788 3088.9 33.248 248.71 5.922 3.0889 45.082 337.24 8.029 4.1883
0.236 5.994 1.957 1262.3 4.535 2925.9 31.495 235.60 5.609 2.9259 45.082 337.24 8.029 4.1883
3.500 88.90 0.156 3.962 1.639 1057.3 7.982 5149.8 55.432 414.66 9.873 5.1498 66.813 499.80 11.899 6.2072
0.175 4.445 1.828 1179.4 7.793 5027.8 54.119 404.84 9.639 5.0278 66.813 499.80 11.899 6.2072
0.188 4.775 1.956 1262.0 7.665 4945.1 53.229 398.18 9.480 4.9451 66.813 499.80 11.899 6.2072
0.203 5.156 2.103 1356.5 7.518 4850.6 52.212 390.57 9.299 4.8506 66.813 499.80 11.899 6.2072
0.236 5.994 2.420 1561.3 7.201 4645.9 50.008 374.09 8.906 4.6459 66.813 499.80 11.899 6.2072
 Coiled Tubing Volumes & Displacements
Wall Area Internal Volume External Displacement
Outside
Thickness per per
Diameter Wall Internal per 1000 ft per 1000 ft
(Nominal) meter meter
in mm in mm in² mm² in² mm² ft³ gal bbls liters ft³ gal bbls liters

4.500 114.30 0.204 5.182 2.753 1776.3 13.151 8484.5 91.327 683.17 16.265 8.4845 110.447 826.20 19.671 10.2608
0.224 5.690 3.009 1941.3 12.895 8319.5 89.550 669.88 15.949 8.3195 110.447 826.20 19.671 10.2608
0.250 6.350 3.338 2153.5 12.566 8107.3 87.266 652.80 15.542 8.1073 110.447 826.20 19.671 10.2608

6.625 168.28 0.280 7.112 5.581 3600.9 28.890 18638.8 200.627 1500.79 35.732 18.6388 239.386 1790.73 42.635 22.2397
5

0.300 7.620 5.961 3845.9 28.510 18393.8 197.989 1481.06 35.262 18.3938 239.386 1790.73 42.635 22.2397

anchor

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
 Tubing Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units
Outside Weight Internal Wall Internal Internal Volume External Displacement
NU IJ Wall Area
Diameter EU Diameter Thickness Area per 1,000 ft per 1,000 ft
in lb/ft lb/ft lb/ft in in in² in² ft³ gal bbls ft³ gal bbls

1.050 1.14 1.20 1.20 0.824 0.113 0.333 0.533 3.70 27.70 0.66 6.01 44.98 1.07
1.50 1.50 0.742 0.154 0.433 0.432 3.00 22.46 0.53 6.01 44.98 1.07

1.315 1.70 1.80 1.80 1.049 0.133 0.494 0.864 6.00 44.90 1.07 9.43 70.55 1.68
2.25 0.957 0.179 0.639 0.719 5.00 37.37 0.89 9.43 70.55 1.68

2.10 1.410 0.125 0.603 1.561 10.84 81.11 1.93 15.03 112.43 2.68
1.660 2.30 2.40 2.40 1.380 0.140 0.669 1.496 10.39 77.70 1.85 15.03 112.43 2.68
3.02 1.280 0.191 0.883 1.287 8.94 66.85 1.59 15.07 112.70 2.68
6

2.40 1.650 0.125 0.697 2.138 14.85 111.08 2.64 19.69 147.29 3.51
1.900 2.75 2.90 2.90 1.610 0.145 0.799 2.036 14.14 105.76 2.52 19.69 147.29 3.51
3.64 1.500 0.200 1.068 1.767 12.27 91.80 2.19 19.69 147.29 3.51

2.000 3.40 1.670 0.165 0.951 2.190 15.21 113.79 2.71 21.82 163.20 3.89

2.063 3.25 1.751 0.156 0.935 2.408 16.72 125.09 2.98 23.21 173.64 4.13

4.00 2.041 0.167 1.158 3.272 22.72 169.96 4.05 30.76 230.14 5.48
4.60 4.70 4.70 1.995 0.190 1.304 3.126 21.71 162.38 3.87 30.76 230.14 5.48
5.30 1.939 0.218 1.477 2.953 20.51 153.40 3.65 30.76 230.14 5.48
2.375 5.80 5.95 1.867 0.254 1.692 2.738 19.01 142.22 3.39 30.76 230.14 5.48
6.20 1.853 0.261 1.733 2.697 18.73 140.09 3.34 30.76 230.14 5.48
7.70 1.703 0.336 2.152 2.278 15.82 118.33 2.82 30.76 230.14 5.48

6.40 6.50 6.50 2.441 0.217 1.812 4.680 32.50 243.11 5.79 45.08 337.24 8.03
 Tubing Sizes, Volumes & Displacements
English Units
Outside Weight Internal Wall Internal Internal Volume External Displacement
NU IJ Wall Area
Diameter EU Diameter Thickness Area per 1,000 ft per 1,000 ft
in lb/ft lb/ft lb/ft in in in² in² ft³ gal bbls ft³ gal bbls

2.323 0.276 2.254 4.238 29.43 220.17 5.24 45.08 337.24 8.03
8.60 8.70 8.70 2.259 0.308 2.484 4.008 27.83 208.21 4.96 45.08 337.24 8.03
2.875 9.50 2.195 0.340 2.708 3.784 26.28 196.57 4.68 45.08 337.24 8.03
10.70 2.091 0.392 3.058 3.434 23.85 178.39 4.25 45.08 337.24 8.03
11.00 2.065 0.405 3.143 3.349 23.26 173.98 4.14 45.08 337.24 8.03
11.65 1.995 0.440 3.366 3.126 21.71 162.38 3.87 45.08 337.24 8.03
7

7.70 3.068 0.216 2.228 7.393 51.34 384.03 9.14 66.81 499.80 11.90
9.20 9.30 9.30 2.992 0.254 2.590 7.031 48.83 365.24 8.70 66.81 499.80 11.90
10.20 10.30 2.922 0.289 2.915 6.706 46.57 348.35 8.29 66.81 499.80 11.90
3.500 12.80 2.764 0.368 3.621 6.000 41.67 311.70 7.42 66.81 499.80 11.90
12.70 12.95 12.95 2.750 0.375 3.682 5.940 41.25 308.55 7.35 66.81 499.80 11.90
15.80 2.548 0.476 4.522 5.099 35.41 264.89 6.31 66.81 499.80 11.90
16.70 2.480 0.510 4.791 4.831 33.55 250.94 5.97 66.81 499.80 11.90

9.50 3.548 0.226 2.680 9.887 68.66 513.60 12.23 87.27 652.80 15.54

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

4.000 11.00 11.00 3.476 0.262 3.077 9.490 65.90 492.97 11.74 87.27 652.80 15.54
11.60 3.428 0.286 3.337 9.229 64.09 479.45 11.41 87.27 652.80 15.54
13.40 3.340 0.330 3.805 8.762 60.84 455.15 10.84 87.27 652.80 15.54

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

12.60 12.75 12.75 3.958 0.271 3.600 12.304 85.44 639.16 15.22 110.45 826.20 19.67
4.500 13.50 3.920 0.290 3.836 12.069 83.81 626.95 14.93 110.45 826.20 19.67
15.50 3.826 0.337 4.407 11.497 79.84 597.24 14.22 110.45 826.20 19.67
19.20 3.640 0.430 5.498 10.406 72.27 540.58 12.87 110.45 826.20 19.67
anchor
 Tubing Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Metric Units

Outside Weight Internal Wall Internal Internal External

NU IJ Wall Area
Diameter EU Diameter Thickness Area Volume/m Displacement/m
mm kg/m kg/m kg/m mm mm mm² mm² Liters Liters

26.670 1.70 1.79 1.79 20.930 2.870 214.603 344.042 0.344 0.559
2.23 2.23 18.847 3.912 279.670 278.975 0.279 0.559

33.401 2.53 2.68 2.68 26.645 3.378 318.630 557.581 0.558 0.876
3.35 24.308 4.547 412.144 464.068 0.464 0.876

3.12 35.814 3.175 388.898 1007.385 1.007 1.396

42.164 3.42 3.57 3.57 35.052 3.556 431.309 964.974 0.965 1.396
4.49 32.512 4.851 569.460 830.190 0.830 1.400
8

3.57 41.910 3.175 449.703 1379.511 1.380 1.829

48.260 4.09 4.32 4.32 40.894 3.683 515.778 1313.436 1.313 1.829
5.42 38.100 5.080 689.122 1140.092 1.140 1.829

50.800 5.06 42.418 4.191 613.673 1413.156 1.413 2.027

52.400 4.84 44.475 3.962 602.966 1553.566 1.554 2.157

5.95 51.841 4.242 747.365 2110.782 2.111 2.858

6.84 6.99 6.99 50.673 4.826 841.438 2016.708 2.017 2.858
7.89 49.251 5.537 953.068 1905.079 1.905 2.858
60.325 8.63 8.85 47.422 6.452 1091.922 1766.225 1.766 2.858
9.23 47.066 6.629 1118.312 1739.835 1.740 2.858
11.46 43.256 8.534 1388.589 1469.558 1.470 2.858
 Tubing Sizes, Volumes & Displacements
Metric Units

Outside Weight Internal Wall Internal Internal External

NU IJ Wall Area
Diameter EU Diameter Thickness Area Volume/m Displacement/m
mm kg/m kg/m kg/m mm mm mm² mm² Liters Liters

9.52 9.67 9.67 62.001 5.512 1169.047 3019.207 3.019 4.188

59.004 7.010 1453.894 2734.360 2.734 4.188
12.80 12.95 12.95 57.379 7.823 1602.485 2585.769 2.586 4.188
73.025 14.14 55.753 8.636 1746.925 2441.329 2.441 4.188
15.92 53.111 9.957 1972.787 2215.467 2.215 4.188
16.37 52.451 10.287 2027.539 2160.715 2.161 4.188
17.33 50.673 11.176 2171.546 2016.708 2.017 4.188
9

11.46 77.927 5.486 1437.720 4769.447 4.769 6.207

13.69 13.84 13.84 75.997 6.452 1671.089 4536.078 4.536 6.207
15.18 15.33 74.219 7.341 1880.856 4326.311 4.326 6.207
88.900 19.05 70.206 9.347 2336.076 3871.091 3.871 6.207
18.90 19.27 19.27 69.850 9.525 2375.191 3831.975 3.832 6.207
23.51 64.719 12.090 2917.468 3289.699 3.290 6.207
24.85 62.992 12.954 3090.713 3116.454 3.116 6.207

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

14.14 90.119 5.740 1728.732 6378.588 6.379 8.107
101.600 16.37 16.37 88.290 6.655 1984.988 6122.332 6.122 8.107
17.26 87.071 7.264 2152.907 5954.413 5.954 8.107
19.94 84.836 8.382 2454.694 5652.626 5.653 8.107

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

18.75 18.97 18.97 100.533 6.883 2322.867 7937.960 7.938 10.261
114.300 20.09 99.568 7.366 2474.557 7786.270 7.786 10.261
23.06 97.180 8.560 2843.503 7417.324 7.417 10.261
28.57 92.456 10.922 3547.155 6713.671 6.714 10.261
anchor
 Casing Sizes & Volumes

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Internal
Outside Inside Wall Internal Outside Inside Wall
Weight Internal Volume per 1000 ft Volume Weight
Diameter Diameter Thickness Area Diameter Diameter Thickness
per meter
in lb/ft in in in² ft³ gal bbls Liters mm kg/m mm mm

4.000 5.65 3.607 0.197 10.218 70.961 530.83 12.638 6.592 101.6 8.41 91.6 4.991
9.50 3.500 0.250 9.621 66.813 499.80 11.899 6.207 14.14 88.9 6.350
11.60 3.428 0.286 9.229 64.093 479.45 11.415 5.954 17.26 87.1 7.264

4.500 6.75 4.216 0.142 13.960 96.946 725.20 17.266 9.007 114.3 10.04 107.1 3.607
9.50 4.090 0.205 13.138 91.238 682.50 16.249 8.476 14.14 103.9 5.207
10.50 4.052 0.224 12.895 89.550 669.88 15.949 8.319 15.62 102.9 5.690
11.00 4.026 0.237 12.730 88.405 661.31 15.745 8.213 16.37 102.3 6.020
10

11.60 4.000 0.250 12.566 87.266 652.80 15.542 8.107 17.26 101.6 6.350
12.60 3.958 0.271 12.304 85.443 639.16 15.217 7.938 18.75 100.5 6.883
13.50 3.920 0.290 12.069 83.811 626.95 14.927 7.786 20.09 99.6 7.366
15.10 3.826 0.337 11.497 79.839 597.24 14.219 7.417 22.47 97.2 8.560
16.60 3.754 0.373 11.068 76.863 574.97 13.689 7.141 24.70 95.4 9.474
17.70 3.697 0.402 10.735 74.546 557.65 13.277 6.926 26.34 93.9 10.198
18.80 3.640 0.430 10.406 72.265 540.58 12.870 6.714 27.97 92.5 10.922

4.750 9.50 4.364 0.193 14.958 103.872 777.01 18.500 9.650 120.7 14.14 110.8 4.902
16.00 4.082 0.334 13.087 90.881 679.84 16.186 8.443 23.81 103.7 8.484
18.00 4.000 0.375 12.566 87.266 652.80 15.542 8.107 26.78 101.6 9.525

5.000 8.00 4.696 0.152 17.320 120.277 899.74 21.421 11.174 127.0 11.90 119.3 3.861
11.50 4.560 0.220 16.331 113.411 848.38 20.199 10.536 17.11 115.8 5.588
13.00 4.494 0.253 15.862 110.152 824.00 19.618 10.233 19.34 114.1 6.426
15.00 4.408 0.296 15.261 105.977 792.76 18.874 9.846 22.32 112.0 7.518
 Casing Sizes & Volumes
Internal
Outside Inside Wall Internal Outside Inside Wall
Weight Internal Volume per 1000 ft Volume Weight
Diameter Diameter Thickness Area Diameter Diameter Thickness
per meter
in lb/ft in in in² ft³ gal bbls Liters mm kg/m mm mm

18.00 4.276 0.362 14.360 99.725 745.99 17.761 9.265 26.78 108.6 9.195
20.30 4.184 0.408 13.749 95.480 714.24 17.005 8.870 30.21 106.3 10.363
20.80 4.156 0.422 13.566 94.206 704.71 16.778 8.752 30.95 105.6 10.719
21.00 4.154 0.423 13.553 94.115 704.03 16.762 8.744 31.25 105.5 10.744
23.20 4.044 0.478 12.844 89.197 667.24 15.886 8.287 34.52 102.7 12.141
24.20 4.000 0.500 12.566 87.266 652.80 15.542 8.107 36.01 101.6 12.700
11

5.250 8.50 4.944 0.153 19.198 133.317 997.28 23.744 12.386 133.4 12.65 125.6 3.886
10.00 4.886 0.182 18.750 130.207 974.02 23.190 12.097 14.88 124.1 4.623
13.00 4.768 0.241 17.855 123.994 927.54 22.083 11.519 19.34 121.1 6.121
16.00 4.648 0.301 16.968 117.831 881.44 20.986 10.947 23.81 118.1 7.645

5.500 9.00 5.192 0.154 21.172 147.027 1,099.84 26.185 13.659 139.7 13.39 131.9 3.912
13.00 5.044 0.228 19.982 138.764 1,038.03 24.714 12.892 19.34 128.1 5.791
14.00 5.012 0.244 19.729 137.009 1,024.90 24.401 12.729 20.83 127.3 6.198

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

15.00 4.974 0.263 19.431 134.939 1,009.42 24.033 12.536 22.32 126.3 6.680
15.50 4.950 0.275 19.244 133.640 999.70 23.801 12.416 23.06 125.7 6.985
17.00 4.892 0.304 18.796 130.527 976.41 23.247 12.126 25.30 124.3 7.722

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

20.00 4.778 0.361 17.930 124.514 931.43 22.176 11.568 29.76 121.4 9.169
23.00 4.670 0.415 17.129 118.949 889.80 21.185 11.051 34.22 118.6 10.541
25.00 4.580 0.460 16.475 114.409 855.84 20.376 10.629 37.20 116.3 11.684
26.00 4.548 0.476 16.245 112.815 843.92 20.092 10.481 38.69 115.5 12.090

5.750 14.00 5.290 0.230 21.979 152.630 1,141.75 27.183 14.180 146.1 20.83 134.4 5.842
17.00 5.190 0.280 21.156 146.914 1,098.99 26.165 13.649 25.30 131.8 7.112
 Casing Sizes & Volumes

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Internal
Outside Inside Wall Internal Outside Inside Wall
Weight Internal Volume per 1000 ft Volume Weight
Diameter Diameter Thickness Area Diameter Diameter Thickness
per meter
in lb/ft in in in² ft³ gal bbls Liters mm kg/m mm mm

20.00 5.090 0.330 20.348 141.307 1,057.05 25.167 13.128 29.76 129.3 8.382
22.50 4.990 0.380 19.556 135.809 1,015.92 24.188 12.617 33.48 126.7 9.652
25.20 4.890 0.430 18.781 130.420 975.61 23.228 12.116 37.50 124.2 10.922

6.000 10.50 5.672 0.164 25.268 175.469 1,312.60 31.251 16.302 152.4 15.62 144.1 4.166
12.00 5.620 0.190 24.806 172.266 1,288.64 30.681 16.004 17.86 142.7 4.826
15.00 5.524 0.238 23.966 166.431 1,244.99 29.641 15.462 22.32 140.3 6.045
16.00 5.500 0.250 23.758 164.988 1,234.20 29.384 15.328 23.81 139.7 6.350
17.00 5.450 0.275 23.328 162.002 1,211.86 28.853 15.050 25.30 138.4 6.985
12

18.00 5.424 0.288 23.106 160.460 1,200.32 28.578 14.907 26.78 137.8 7.315
20.00 5.352 0.324 22.497 156.228 1,168.67 27.824 14.514 29.76 135.9 8.230
23.00 5.240 0.380 21.565 149.758 1,120.27 26.672 13.913 34.22 133.1 9.652
26.00 5.140 0.430 20.750 144.097 1,077.92 25.664 13.387 38.69 130.6 10.922

6.625 12.00 6.287 0.169 31.044 215.583 1,612.67 38.395 20.028 168.3 17.86 159.7 4.293
13.00 6.255 0.185 30.729 213.394 1,596.30 38.005 19.825 19.34 158.9 4.699
17.00 6.135 0.245 29.561 205.285 1,535.64 36.561 19.072 25.30 155.8 6.223
20.00 6.049 0.288 28.738 199.570 1,492.88 35.543 18.541 29.76 153.6 7.315
22.00 5.989 0.318 28.171 195.630 1,463.42 34.842 18.175 32.74 152.1 8.077
24.00 5.921 0.352 27.535 191.213 1,430.37 34.055 17.764 35.71 150.4 8.941
26.00 5.855 0.385 26.924 186.974 1,398.66 33.300 17.370 38.69 148.7 9.779
28.00 5.791 0.417 26.339 182.909 1,368.25 32.576 16.993 41.66 147.1 10.592
29.00 5.761 0.432 26.067 181.019 1,354.11 32.239 16.817 43.15 146.3 10.973
32.00 5.675 0.475 25.294 175.654 1,313.99 31.284 16.319 47.62 144.1 12.065
34.00 5.595 0.515 24.586 170.737 1,277.20 30.408 15.862 50.59 142.1 13.081
 Casing Sizes & Volumes
Internal
Outside Inside Wall Internal Outside Inside Wall
Weight Internal Volume per 1000 ft Volume Weight
Diameter Diameter Thickness Area Diameter Diameter Thickness
per meter
in lb/ft in in in² ft³ gal bbls Liters mm kg/m mm mm

7.000 13.00 6.520 0.240 33.388 231.858 1,734.42 41.294 21.540 177.8 19.34 165.6 6.096
17.00 6.538 0.231 33.572 233.140 1,744.01 41.522 21.659 25.30 166.1 5.867
20.00 6.456 0.272 32.735 227.329 1,700.54 40.487 21.120 29.76 164.0 6.909
22.00 6.398 0.301 32.150 223.263 1,670.12 39.763 20.742 32.74 162.5 7.645
23.00 6.366 0.317 31.829 221.035 1,653.46 39.366 20.535 34.22 161.7 8.052
13

24.00 6.336 0.332 31.530 218.956 1,637.91 38.996 20.342 35.71 160.9 8.433
26.00 6.276 0.362 30.935 214.829 1,607.03 38.261 19.958 38.69 159.4 9.195
28.00 6.214 0.393 30.327 210.606 1,575.44 37.509 19.566 41.66 157.8 9.982
29.00 6.184 0.408 30.035 208.577 1,560.26 37.148 19.377 43.15 157.1 10.363
30.00 6.154 0.423 29.744 206.558 1,545.16 36.788 19.190 44.64 156.3 10.744
32.00 6.094 0.453 29.167 202.550 1,515.18 36.074 18.818 47.62 154.8 11.506
33.70 6.048 0.476 28.729 199.504 1,492.39 35.532 18.535 50.14 153.6 12.090
34.00 6.040 0.480 28.653 198.976 1,488.45 35.438 18.485 50.59 153.4 12.192
35.00 6.004 0.498 28.312 196.611 1,470.76 35.016 18.266 52.08 152.5 12.649

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

35.30 6.000 0.500 28.274 196.350 1,468.80 34.970 18.241 52.53 152.4 12.700
38.00 5.920 0.540 27.525 191.148 1,429.89 34.044 17.758 56.54 150.4 13.716
40.00 5.836 0.582 26.750 185.762 1,389.60 33.084 17.258 59.52 148.2 14.783

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

41.00 5.820 0.590 26.603 184.745 1,381.99 32.903 17.163 61.01 147.8 14.986
44.00 5.720 0.640 25.697 178.451 1,334.91 31.782 16.579 65.47 145.3 16.256

7.625 14.75 7.263 0.181 41.431 287.713 2,152.24 51.242 26.729 193.7 21.95 184.5 4.597
20.00 7.125 0.250 39.871 276.884 2,071.23 49.313 25.723 29.76 181.0 6.350
24.00 7.025 0.300 38.760 269.166 2,013.50 47.938 25.006 35.71 178.4 7.620
26.40 6.990 0.318 38.375 266.491 1,993.49 47.462 24.758 39.28 177.5 8.065
 Casing Sizes & Volumes

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Internal
Outside Inside Wall Internal Outside Inside Wall
Weight Internal Volume per 1000 ft Volume Weight
Diameter Diameter Thickness Area Diameter Diameter Thickness
per meter
in lb/ft in in in² ft³ gal bbls Liters mm kg/m mm mm

29.70 6.875 0.375 37.122 257.794 1,928.43 45.913 23.950 44.19 174.6 9.525
33.70 6.765 0.430 35.944 249.611 1,867.22 44.456 23.190 50.14 171.8 10.922
36.00 6.705 0.460 35.309 245.203 1,834.24 43.671 22.780 53.57 170.3 11.684
38.00 6.655 0.485 34.785 241.559 1,806.99 43.022 22.442 56.54 169.0 12.319
39.00 6.625 0.500 34.472 239.386 1,790.73 42.635 22.240 58.03 168.3 12.700
45.00 6.445 0.590 32.624 226.555 1,694.75 40.349 21.048 66.96 163.7 14.986
45.30 6.435 0.595 32.523 225.852 1,689.49 40.224 20.982 67.41 163.4 15.113

7.75 46.10 6.560 0.595 33.799 234.712 1,755.77 41.802 21.805 196.9 68.60 166.6 15.113
14

8 16.00 7.628 0.186 45.699 317.357 2,374.00 56.521 29.483 203.2 23.81 193.8 4.724
20.00 7.528 0.236 44.509 309.091 2,312.16 55.049 28.716 29.76 191.2 5.994
26.00 7.386 0.307 42.846 297.540 2,225.76 52.992 27.642 38.69 187.6 7.798

8.125 28.00 7.485 0.320 44.002 305.570 2,285.82 54.422 28.388 206.4 41.66 190.1 8.128
32.00 7.385 0.370 42.834 297.460 2,225.15 52.978 27.635 47.62 187.6 9.398
35.50 7.285 0.420 41.682 289.459 2,165.30 51.553 26.892 52.82 185.0 10.668
39.50 7.185 0.470 40.546 281.566 2,106.26 50.147 26.158 58.78 182.5 11.938
42.00 7.125 0.500 39.871 276.884 2,071.23 49.313 25.723 62.50 181.0 12.700

8.625 20.00 8.191 0.217 52.694 365.933 2,737.37 65.173 33.996 219.1 29.76 208.1 5.512
24.00 8.097 0.264 51.492 357.582 2,674.90 63.685 33.220 35.71 205.7 6.706
28.00 8.017 0.304 50.479 350.551 2,622.30 62.433 32.567 41.66 203.6 7.722
32.00 7.921 0.352 49.278 342.206 2,559.88 60.947 31.792 47.62 201.2 8.941
36.00 7.825 0.400 48.090 333.961 2,498.20 59.478 31.026 53.57 198.8 10.160
 Casing Sizes & Volumes
Internal
Outside Inside Wall Internal Outside Inside Wall
Weight Internal Volume per 1000 ft Volume Weight
Diameter Diameter Thickness Area Diameter Diameter Thickness
per meter
in lb/ft in in in² ft³ gal bbls Liters mm kg/m mm mm

38.00 7.775 0.425 47.478 329.707 2,466.38 58.721 30.631 56.54 197.5 10.795
40.00 7.725 0.450 46.869 325.480 2,434.76 57.968 30.238 59.52 196.2 11.430
43.00 7.651 0.487 45.975 319.274 2,388.34 56.863 29.662 63.98 194.3 12.370
44.00 7.625 0.500 45.664 317.108 2,372.13 56.477 29.460 65.47 193.7 12.700
48.00 7.537 0.544 44.616 309.831 2,317.69 55.181 28.784 71.42 191.4 13.818
49.00 7.511 0.557 44.308 307.697 2,301.73 54.801 28.586 72.91 190.8 14.148
15

8.75 49.70 7.636 0.557 45.795 318.024 2,378.98 56.640 29.545 222.3 73.95 194.0 14.148

9 34.00 8.290 0.355 53.976 374.832 2,803.94 66.758 34.823 228.6 50.59 210.6 9.017
38.00 8.196 0.402 52.759 366.380 2,740.71 65.252 34.038 56.54 208.2 10.211
40.00 8.150 0.425 52.168 362.279 2,710.03 64.522 33.657 59.52 207.0 10.795
45.00 8.032 0.484 50.668 351.864 2,632.13 62.667 32.689 66.96 204.0 12.294
50.20 7.910 0.545 49.141 341.256 2,552.77 60.778 31.704 74.70 200.9 13.843
55.00 7.812 0.594 47.931 332.853 2,489.91 59.281 30.923 81.84 198.4 15.088

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

9.625 29.30 9.063 0.281 64.511 447.993 3,351.22 79.788 41.620 244.5 43.60 230.2 7.137
32.30 9.001 0.312 63.631 441.885 3,305.53 78.700 41.052 48.06 228.6 7.925

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

36.00 8.921 0.352 62.505 434.065 3,247.03 77.307 40.326 53.57 226.6 8.941
38.00 8.885 0.370 62.002 430.568 3,220.88 76.684 40.001 56.54 225.7 9.398
40.00 8.835 0.395 61.306 425.736 3,184.73 75.824 39.552 59.52 224.4 10.033
42.00 8.799 0.413 60.807 422.274 3,158.83 75.207 39.231 62.50 223.5 10.490
43.50 8.755 0.435 60.201 418.061 3,127.31 74.457 38.839 64.73 222.4 11.049
47.00 8.681 0.472 59.187 411.024 3,074.67 73.203 38.185 69.94 220.5 11.989
53.50 8.535 0.545 57.213 397.315 2,972.12 70.762 36.912 79.61 216.8 13.843
 Casing Sizes & Volumes

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Internal
Outside Inside Wall Internal Outside Inside Wall
Weight Internal Volume per 1000 ft Volume Weight
Diameter Diameter Thickness Area Diameter Diameter Thickness
per meter
in lb/ft in in in² ft³ gal bbls Liters mm kg/m mm mm

58.40 8.435 0.595 55.880 388.059 2,902.88 69.113 36.052 86.90 214.2 15.113
61.10 8.375 0.625 55.088 382.558 2,861.73 68.134 35.541 90.92 212.7 15.875
71.80 8.125 0.750 51.849 360.059 2,693.43 64.127 33.451 106.84 206.4 19.050

9.75 59.20 8.560 0.595 57.549 399.645 2,989.56 71.177 37.128 247.7 88.09 217.4 15.113

9.875 62.80 8.625 0.625 58.426 405.738 3,035.13 72.262 37.694 250.8 93.45 219.1 15.875

10 33.00 9.384 0.308 69.162 480.290 3,592.82 85.540 44.620 254.0 49.10 238.4 7.823
16

41.50 9.200 0.400 66.476 461.640 3,453.30 82.218 42.888 61.75 233.7 10.160
45.50 9.120 0.440 65.325 453.646 3,393.51 80.794 42.145 67.70 231.6 11.176
50.50 9.016 0.492 63.844 443.359 3,316.55 78.962 41.189 75.14 229.0 12.497
55.50 8.908 0.546 62.323 432.801 3,237.57 77.082 40.208 82.58 226.3 13.868
61.20 8.790 0.605 60.683 421.410 3,152.37 75.053 39.150 91.06 223.3 15.367

10.75 32.75 10.192 0.279 81.585 566.560 4,238.17 100.904 52.635 273.1 48.73 258.9 7.087
35.75 10.136 0.307 80.691 560.352 4,191.72 99.799 52.058 53.20 257.5 7.798
40.50 10.050 0.350 79.327 550.883 4,120.89 98.112 51.179 60.26 255.3 8.890
45.50 9.950 0.400 77.756 539.975 4,039.29 96.170 50.165 67.70 252.7 10.160
48.00 9.902 0.424 77.008 534.778 4,000.41 95.244 49.682 71.42 251.5 10.770
51.00 9.850 0.450 76.201 529.176 3,958.51 94.246 49.162 75.89 250.2 11.430
54.00 9.784 0.483 75.184 522.108 3,905.64 92.987 48.505 80.35 248.5 12.268
55.50 9.760 0.495 74.815 519.550 3,886.50 92.532 48.268 82.58 247.9 12.573
60.70 9.660 0.545 73.290 508.958 3,807.27 90.645 47.284 90.32 245.4 13.843
65.70 9.560 0.595 71.780 498.475 3,728.85 88.778 46.310 97.76 242.8 15.113
 Casing Sizes & Volumes
Internal
Outside Inside Wall Internal Outside Inside Wall
Weight Internal Volume per 1000 ft Volume Weight
Diameter Diameter Thickness Area Diameter Diameter Thickness
per meter
in lb/ft in in in² ft³ gal bbls Liters mm kg/m mm mm

71.10 9.450 0.650 70.138 487.070 3,643.53 86.747 45.250 105.80 240.0 16.510
76.00 9.350 0.700 68.661 476.816 3,566.83 84.921 44.298 113.09 237.5 17.780
81.00 9.250 0.750 67.201 466.671 3,490.94 83.114 43.355 120.53 235.0 19.050

11 26.75 10.552 0.224 87.450 607.291 4,542.85 108.159 56.419 279.4 39.80 268.0 5.690
17

11.75 38.00 11.150 0.300 97.643 678.074 5,072.35 120.765 62.995 298.5 56.54 283.2 7.620
42.00 11.084 0.333 96.490 670.070 5,012.47 119.340 62.252 62.50 281.5 8.458
47.00 11.000 0.375 95.033 659.953 4,936.79 117.538 61.312 69.94 279.4 9.525
54.00 10.880 0.435 92.971 645.632 4,829.66 114.987 59.981 80.35 276.4 11.049
60.00 10.772 0.489 91.134 632.878 4,734.26 112.716 58.796 89.28 273.6 12.421
65.00 10.682 0.534 89.618 622.347 4,655.48 110.840 57.818 96.72 271.3 13.564
71.00 10.586 0.582 88.014 611.211 4,572.18 108.857 56.783 105.65 268.9 14.783

11.875 71.80 10.711 0.582 90.105 625.731 4,680.79 111.443 58.132 301.6 106.84 272.1 14.783

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

12 31.50 11.514 0.243 104.122 723.069 5,408.93 128.779 67.175 304.8 46.87 292.5 6.172
40.00 11.384 0.308 101.784 706.834 5,287.48 125.887 65.667 59.52 289.2 7.823

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

12.75 43.00 12.130 0.310 115.561 802.507 6,003.17 142.927 74.555 323.9 63.98 308.1 7.874
53.00 11.970 0.390 112.533 781.476 5,845.85 139.181 72.602 78.86 304.0 9.906

13 36.50 12.482 0.259 122.365 849.759 6,356.64 151.342 78.945 330.2 54.31 317.0 6.579
40.00 12.438 0.281 121.504 843.779 6,311.90 150.277 78.390 59.52 315.9 7.137
45.00 12.360 0.320 119.985 833.229 6,232.99 148.398 77.409 66.96 313.9 8.128
 Casing Sizes & Volumes

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Internal
Outside Inside Wall Internal Outside Inside Wall
Weight Internal Volume per 1000 ft Volume Weight
Diameter Diameter Thickness Area Diameter Diameter Thickness
per meter
in lb/ft in in in² ft³ gal bbls Liters mm kg/m mm mm

50.00 12.282 0.359 118.475 822.746 6,154.57 146.531 76.436 74.40 312.0 9.119
54.00 12.220 0.390 117.282 814.460 6,092.58 145.055 75.666 80.35 310.4 9.906

13.375 48.00 12.715 0.330 126.976 881.780 6,596.17 157.045 81.920 339.7 71.42 323.0 8.382
54.50 12.615 0.380 124.987 867.964 6,492.82 154.584 80.637 81.10 320.4 9.652
61.00 12.515 0.430 123.013 854.258 6,390.29 152.143 79.363 90.77 317.9 10.922
68.00 12.415 0.480 121.055 840.661 6,288.58 149.722 78.100 101.18 315.3 12.192
72.00 12.347 0.514 119.733 831.477 6,219.88 148.086 77.247 107.13 313.6 13.056
77.00 12.275 0.550 118.340 821.808 6,147.55 146.364 76.348 114.57 311.8 13.970
18

83.00 12.175 0.600 116.420 808.473 6,047.80 143.989 75.110 123.50 309.2 15.240
85.00 12.159 0.608 116.114 806.349 6,031.91 143.611 74.912 126.48 308.8 15.443
92.00 12.031 0.672 113.682 789.461 5,905.58 140.603 73.343 136.89 305.6 17.069
98.00 11.937 0.719 111.913 777.173 5,813.66 138.415 72.202 145.82 303.2 18.263

13.5 81.40 12.340 0.580 119.597 830.535 6,212.83 147.918 77.159 342.9 121.12 313.4 14.732

13.625 88.20 12.375 0.625 120.276 835.253 6,248.12 148.758 77.598 346.1 131.24 314.3 15.875

14 42.00 13.488 0.256 142.884 992.253 7,422.57 176.720 92.183 355.6 62.50 342.6 6.502
50.00 13.344 0.328 139.850 971.179 7,264.93 172.967 90.226 74.40 338.9 8.331

15 47.50 14.418 0.291 163.268 1,133.803 8,481.43 201.930 105.334 381.0 70.68 366.2 7.391

16 52.50 15.396 0.302 186.168 1,292.835 9,671.08 230.254 120.108 406.4 78.12 391.1 7.671
55.00 15.375 0.313 185.661 1,289.311 9,644.72 229.626 119.781 81.84 390.5 7.938
 Casing Sizes & Volumes
Internal
Outside Inside Wall Internal Outside Inside Wall
Weight Internal Volume per 1000 ft Volume Weight
Diameter Diameter Thickness Area Diameter Diameter Thickness
per meter
in lb/ft in in in² ft³ gal bbls Liters mm kg/m mm mm

65.00 15.250 0.375 182.654 1,268.432 9,488.53 225.908 117.841 96.72 387.4 9.525
70.00 15.198 0.401 181.411 1,259.796 9,423.93 224.370 117.039 104.16 386.0 10.185
75.00 15.125 0.438 179.672 1,247.723 9,333.62 222.219 115.917 111.60 384.2 11.113
84.00 15.010 0.495 176.950 1,228.821 9,192.22 218.853 114.161 124.99 381.3 12.573
109.00 14.688 0.656 169.440 1,176.665 8,802.06 209.564 109.316 162.19 373.1 16.662
19

18 78.00 17.194 0.403 232.190 1,612.431 12,061.82 287.174 149.800 457.2 116.06 436.7 10.236
87.50 17.088 0.456 229.336 1,592.612 11,913.56 283.644 147.958 130.20 434.0 11.582
96.50 16.986 0.507 226.606 1,573.655 11,771.76 280.268 146.197 143.59 431.4 12.878

18.625 73.09 17.875 0.375 250.947 1,742.687 13,036.21 310.373 161.901 473.1 108.76 454.0 9.525
78.00 17.855 0.385 250.386 1,738.790 13,007.05 309.678 161.539 116.06 453.5 9.779
87.50 17.755 0.435 247.589 1,719.368 12,861.76 306.219 159.734 130.20 451.0 11.049
96.50 17.655 0.485 244.808 1,700.054 12,717.29 302.780 157.940 143.59 448.4 12.319

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

20 90.00 19.166 0.417 288.505 2,003.505 14,987.26 356.824 186.132 508.0 133.92 486.8 10.592
94.00 19.124 0.438 287.242 1,994.733 14,921.64 355.262 185.317 139.87 485.7 11.125
106.50 19.000 0.500 283.529 1,968.950 14,728.77 350.670 182.921 158.47 482.6 12.700

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

133.00 18.730 0.635 275.528 1,913.388 14,313.13 340.774 177.760 197.90 475.7 16.129

21.5 103.00 20.610 0.445 333.615 2,316.772 17,330.66 412.617 215.235 546.1 153.26 523.5 11.303
114.00 20.510 0.495 330.386 2,294.345 17,162.89 408.623 213.152 169.63 521.0 12.573

anchor
 Drill Pipe Sizes & Volumes

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units

Outside Weight w/ Internal Average Internal Internal Volume** External Displacement**

Diameter Couplings Diameter Area Area per 1,000 ft per 1,000 ft
in lb/ft in in2 in2 ft3 gal bbls ft3 gal bbls

2.375 * 4.80 2.000 1.413 3.142 21.8 163.2 3.89 31.6 236.6 5.63
4.85 1.995 1.428 3.126 21.7 162.4 3.87 31.6 236.6 5.63
6.65 1.815 1.958 2.587 18.0 134.4 3.20 31.6 236.1 5.62

2.875 * 6.45 2.469 1.899 4.788 33.2 248.7 5.92 46.4 347.4 8.27
6.85 2.441 2.017 4.680 32.5 243.1 5.79 46.5 347.9 8.28
* 8.35 2.323 2.459 4.238 29.4 220.2 5.24 46.5 347.9 8.28
10.40 2.151 3.062 3.634 25.2 188.8 4.49 46.5 347.9 8.28
20

3.500 8.50 3.063 2.503 7.369 51.2 382.8 9.11 68.6 512.8 12.21
9.50 2.992 2.797 7.031 48.8 365.2 8.70 68.3 510.6 12.16
* 11.20 2.900 3.298 6.605 45.9 343.1 8.17 68.8 514.5 12.25
13.30 2.764 3.916 6.000 41.7 311.7 7.42 68.9 515.1 12.26
15.50 2.602 4.564 5.317 36.9 276.2 6.58 68.6 513.3 12.22

4.000 11.85 3.476 3.489 9.490 65.9 493.0 11.74 90.1 674.2 16.05
14.00 3.340 4.122 8.762 60.8 455.1 10.84 89.5 669.3 15.94

4.500 * 12.75 4.000 3.754 12.566 87.3 652.8 15.54 113.3 847.8 20.19
* 13.75 3.958 4.049 12.304 85.4 639.2 15.22 113.6 849.5 20.23
16.60 3.826 4.888 11.497 79.8 597.2 14.22 113.8 851.2 20.27
20.00 3.640 5.889 10.406 72.3 540.6 12.87 113.2 846.5 20.15
* Not API Standard.
** Assumes constant ID - no internal upsets
*** Assumes Internal Volume plus volume of steel
 Drill Pipe Sizes & Volumes
English Units

Outside Weight w/ Internal Average Internal Internal Volume** External Displacement**

Diameter Couplings Diameter Area Area per 1,000 ft per 1,000 ft
in lb/ft in in2 in2 ft3 gal bbls ft3 gal bbls

5.000 16.25 4.408 4.785 15.261 106.0 792.8 18.87 139.2 1,041.3 24.79
19.50 4.276 5.742 14.360 99.7 746.0 17.76 139.6 1,044.3 24.86

5.500 21.90 4.778 6.449 17.930 124.5 931.4 22.18 169.3 1,266.4 30.15
24.70 4.670 7.273 17.129 118.9 889.8 21.18 169.5 1,267.6 30.18
21

5.563 19.00 4.975 5.595 19.439 135.0 1,009.8 24.04 173.8 1,300.5 30.96
22.20 4.859 6.537 18.543 128.8 963.3 22.93 174.2 1,302.9 31.02
25.25 4.733 7.435 17.594 122.2 914.0 21.76 173.8 1,300.2 30.96

6.625 22.20 6.065 6.537 28.890 200.6 1,500.8 35.73 246.0 1,840.4 43.82
25.20 5.965 7.420 27.945 194.1 1,451.7 34.56 245.6 1,837.2 43.74
31.90 5.761 9.393 26.067 181.0 1,354.1 32.24 246.3 1,842.1 43.86

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

7.625 29.25 6.969 8.613 38.144 264.9 1,981.5 47.18 324.7 2,429.0 57.83

8.625 40.00 7.825 11.779 48.090 334.0 2,498.2 59.48 415.8 3,110.1 74.05

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

* Not API Standard.
** Assumes constant ID - no internal upsets
*** Assumes Internal Volume plus volume of steel

anchor
 Drill Pipe Sizes & Volumes

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Metric Units

Outside Weight w/ Internal Average Internal InternalVolume** External Displacement**

Diameter Couplings Diameter Steel Area Area per meter per meter
mm kg/m mm mm² mm² Liters Liters

60.3 * 7.14 50.80 911.9 2026.8 2.027 2.939

7.22 1.995 2.125 2016.7 2.017 2.019
9.90 1.815 2.914 1669.2 1.669 1.672

73.0 * 9.60 2.469 2.826 3088.9 3.089 3.092

10.19 2.441 3.001 3019.2 3.019 3.022
* 12.42 2.323 3.659 2734.4 2.734 2.738
15.48 2.151 4.557 2344.4 2.344 2.349
22

88.9 12.65 3.063 3.724 4753.9 4.754 4.758

14.14 2.992 4.162 4536.1 4.536 4.540
* 16.67 2.900 4.907 4261.4 4.261 4.266
19.79 2.764 5.827 3871.1 3.871 3.877
23.06 2.602 6.791 3430.6 3.431 3.437

101.6 17.63 3.476 5.192 6122.3 6.122 6.128

20.83 3.340 6.134 5652.6 5.653 5.659

114.3 * 18.97 4.000 5.587 8107.3 8.107 8.113

* 20.46 3.958 6.025 7938.0 7.938 7.944
24.70 3.826 7.273 7417.3 7.417 7.425
29.76 3.640 8.763 6713.7 6.714 6.722
* Not API Standard.
** Assumes constant ID - no internal upsets
*** Assumes Internal Volume plus volume of steel
 Drill Pipe Sizes & Volumes
Metric Units

Outside Weight w/ Internal Average Internal InternalVolume** External Displacement**

Diameter Couplings Diameter Steel Area Area per meter per meter
mm kg/m mm mm² mm² Liters Liters

127.0 24.18 4.408 7.120 9845.6 9.846 9.853

29.02 4.276 8.544 9264.7 9.265 9.273

139.7 32.59 4.778 9.596 11567.8 11.568 11.577

36.75 4.670 10.822 11050.7 11.051 11.062
23

141.3 28.27 4.975 8.325 12541.3 12.541 12.550

33.03 4.859 9.727 11963.3 11.963 11.973
37.57 4.733 11.063 11350.9 11.351 11.362

168.3 33.03 6.065 9.727 18638.8 18.639 18.649

37.50 5.965 11.042 18029.3 18.029 18.040
47.47 5.761 13.977 16817.2 16.817 16.831

193.7 43.52 6.969 12.816 24609.2 24.609 24.622

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

219.1 59.52 7.825 17.526 31026.0 31.026 31.044
* Not API Standard.
** Assumes constant ID - no internal upsets

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

*** Assumes Internal Volume plus volume of steel

anchor
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Tubing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units

Outside Internal
Weight Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft) Coiled Tubing Outside Diameter (inches)
Diameter Diameter
NU EU IJ 1.000 1.250 1.500 1.750 2.000 2.375 2.625 2.875 3.500
in in
lb/ft lb/ft lb/ft bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

1.050 1.14 1.20 \1.20 0.824

1.50 1.50 0.742

1.315 1.70 1.80 1.80 1.049 0.098

2.25 0.957

2.10 1.410 0.960 0.413

24

1.660 2.30 2.40 2.40 1.380 0.879 0.332

3.02 1.280 0.620 0.074

2.40 1.650 1.673 1.127 0.459

1.900 2.75 2.90 2.90 1.610 1.547 1.000 0.332
3.64 1.500 1.214 0.668

2.000 3.40 1.670 1.738 1.191 0.523

2.063 3.25 1.751 2.007 1.460 0.793 0.003

4.00 2.041 3.075 2.529 1.861 1.072 0.161

4.60 4.70 4.70 1.995 2.895 2.348 1.681 0.891
5.30 1.939 2.681 2.134 1.467 0.677
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Tubing
English Units

Outside Internal
Weight Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft) Coiled Tubing Outside Diameter (inches)
Diameter Diameter
NU EU IJ 1.000 1.250 1.500 1.750 2.000 2.375 2.625 2.875 3.500
in in
lb/ft lb/ft lb/ft bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

2.375 5.80 5.95 1.867 2.415 1.868 1.200 0.411

6.20 1.853 2.364 1.818 1.150 0.360
7.70 1.703 1.846 1.299 0.632

6.40 6.50 6.50 2.441 4.817 4.270 3.602 2.813 1.902 0.309
25

2.323 4.271 3.724 3.056 2.267 1.356

8.60 8.70 8.70 2.259 3.986 3.439 2.771 1.982 1.072
2.875 9.50 2.195 3.709 3.162 2.495 1.705 0.795
10.70 2.091 3.276 2.729 2.062 1.272 0.362
11.00 2.065 3.171 2.624 1.957 1.167 0.257
11.65 1.995 2.895 2.348 1.681 0.891

7.70 3.068 8.172 7.625 6.958 6.168 5.258 3.664 2.450 1.114
9.20 9.30 9.30 2.992 7.725 7.178 6.510 5.721 4.810 3.217 2.002 0.667

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

10.20 10.30 2.922 7.322 6.776 6.108 5.319 4.408 2.815 1.600 0.265
3.500 12.80 2.764 6.450 5.903 5.235 4.446 3.536 1.942 0.728
12.70 12.95 12.95 2.750 6.375 5.828 5.160 4.371 3.461 1.867 0.653

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

15.80 2.548 5.335 4.789 4.121 3.332 2.421 0.827
16.70 2.480 5.003 4.457 3.789 3.000 2.089 0.495

9.50 3.548 11.257 10.710 10.042 9.253 8.343 6.749 5.535 4.199 0.329
4.000 11.00 11.00 3.476 10.765 10.219 9.551 8.762 7.851 6.258 5.043 3.708
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Tubing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units

Outside Internal
Weight Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft) Coiled Tubing Outside Diameter (inches)
Diameter Diameter
NU EU IJ 1.000 1.250 1.500 1.750 2.000 2.375 2.625 2.875 3.500
in in
lb/ft lb/ft lb/ft bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

11.60 3.428 10.444 9.897 9.229 8.440 7.529 5.936 4.721 3.386
13.40 3.340 9.865 9.319 8.651 7.862 6.951 5.357 4.143 2.807

12.60 12.75 12.75 3.958 14.246 13.700 13.032 12.243 11.332 9.738 8.524 7.188 3.318
4.500 13.50 3.920 13.955 13.409 12.741 11.952 11.041 9.447 8.233 6.898 3.027
15.50 3.826 13.248 12.702 12.034 11.245 10.334 8.740 7.526 6.190 2.320
19.20 3.640 11.899 11.353 10.685 9.896 8.985 7.391 6.177 4.841 0.971
(Upsets & couplings not included)
26

anchor
anchor
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Tubing
Metric Units

Weight Annular Volume (Liters per meter)

Outside
Coiled Tubing Outside Diameter (mm)
Diameter
NU EU IJ 25.4 31.8 38.1 44.5 50.8 60.3 66.7 73.0 88.9
in mm lb/ft kg/m lb/ft kg/m lb/ft kg/m Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

1.050 26.670 1.14 1.70 1.20 1.79 1.20 1.79

1.50 2.23 1.50 2.23

1.315 33.401 1.70 2.53 1.80 2.68 1.80 2.68 0.051

2.25 3.35
27

2.10 3.12 0.500 0.216

1.900 48.260 2.30 3.42 2.40 3.57 2.40 3.57 0.458 0.173
3.02 4.49 0.323 0.038

2.40 3.57 0.872 0.587 0.239

1.900 48.260 2.75 4.09 2.90 4.32 2.90 4.32 0.806 0.521 0.173
3.64 5.42 0.633 0.348

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

2.000 50.800 3.40 5.06 0.906 0.621 0.273

2.063 52.400 3.25 4.84 1.046 0.761 0.413 0.002

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

4.00 5.95 1.603 1.318 0.970 0.559 0.084
4.60 6.84 4.70 6.99 4.70 6.99 1.509 1.224 0.876 0.465
5.30 7.89 1.398 1.113 0.765 0.353
2.375 60.325 5.80 8.63 5.95 8.85 1.259 0.974 0.626 0.214
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Tubing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Metric Units

Weight Annular Volume (Liters per meter)

Outside
Coiled Tubing Outside Diameter (mm)
Diameter
NU EU IJ 25.4 31.8 38.1 44.5 50.8 60.3 66.7 73.0 88.9
in mm lb/ft kg/m lb/ft kg/m lb/ft kg/m Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

6.20 9.23 1.232 0.948 0.599 0.188

7.70 11.46 0.962 0.677 0.329

6.40 9.52 6.50 9.67 6.50 9.67 2.511 2.226 1.878 1.467 0.992 0.161
2.226 1.942 1.593 1.182 0.707
8.60 12.80 8.70 12.95 8.70 12.95 2.078 1.793 1.445 1.033 0.559
2.875 73.025 9.50 14.14 1.934 1.649 1.301 0.889 0.414
10.70 15.92 1.708 1.423 1.075 0.663 0.189
28

11.00 16.37 1.653 1.368 1.020 0.609 0.134

11.00 16.37 1.509 1.224 0.876 0.465

7.70 11.46 4.260 3.976 3.627 3.216 2.741 1.910 1.277 0.581
9.20 13.69 9.30 13.84 9.30 13.84 4.027 3.742 3.394 2.983 2.508 1.677 1.044 0.348
10.20 15.18 10.30 15.33 3.818 3.533 3.184 2.773 2.298 1.467 0.834 0.138
3.500 88.900 12.80 19.05 3.363 3.078 2.730 2.318 1.843 1.012 0.379
12.70 18.90 12.95 19.27 12.95 19.27 3.323 3.039 2.690 2.279 1.804 0.973 0.340
15.80 23.51 2.781 2.497 2.148 1.737 1.262 0.431
16.70 24.85 2.608 2.323 1.975 1.564 1.089 0.258

9.50 14.14 5.869 5.584 5.236 4.824 4.349 3.519 2.885 2.189 0.171
4.000 101.600 11.00 16.37 11.00 16.37 5.613 5.328 4.980 4.568 4.093 3.262 2.629 1.933
11.60 17.26 5.445 5.160 4.812 4.400 3.925 3.095 2.462 1.765
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Tubing
Metric Units

Weight Annular Volume (Liters per meter)

Outside
Coiled Tubing Outside Diameter (mm)
Diameter
NU EU IJ 25.4 31.8 38.1 44.5 50.8 60.3 66.7 73.0 88.9
in mm lb/ft kg/m lb/ft kg/m lb/ft kg/m Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

13.40 19.94 5.143 4.858 4.510 4.099 3.624 2.793 2.160 1.464

12.60 18.75 12.75 18.97 12.75 18.97 7.427 7.142 6.794 6.383 5.908 5.077 4.444 3.748 1.730
4.500 114.300 13.50 20.09 7.276 6.991 6.643 6.231 5.756 4.925 4.292 3.596 1.578
15.50 23.06 6.907 6.622 6.274 5.862 5.388 4.557 3.924 3.227 1.210
29

19.20 28.57 6.204 5.919 5.571 5.159 4.684 3.853 3.220 2.524 0.506
(Upsets & couplings not included)
anchor
anchor

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units

Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft)

Coiled Tubing Outside Diameter (inches)
Outside Internal
Diameter Weight Diameter 1.000 1.250 1.500 1.750 2.000 2.375 2.625 2.875 3.500
in lb/ft in bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

4.000 5.65 3.607 11.667 11.120 10.453 9.663 8.753 7.159 5.945 4.609 0.739
9.50 3.500 10.928 10.382 9.714 8.925 8.014 6.420 5.206 3.870
11.60 3.428 10.444 9.897 9.229 8.440 7.529 5.936 4.721 3.386

4.500 6.75 4.216 16.295 15.748 15.080 14.291 13.380 11.787 10.573 9.237 5.367
9.50 4.090 15.278 14.732 14.064 13.275 12.364 10.770 9.556 8.220 4.350
10.50 4.052 14.977 14.431 13.763 12.974 12.063 10.470 9.255 7.920 4.049
11.00 4.026 14.773 14.227 13.559 12.770 11.859 10.266 9.051 7.716 3.845
30

11.60 4.000 14.571 14.024 13.357 12.567 11.657 10.063 8.849 7.513 3.643
12.60 3.958 14.246 13.700 13.032 12.243 11.332 9.738 8.524 7.188 3.318
13.50 3.920 13.955 13.409 12.741 11.952 11.041 9.447 8.233 6.898 3.027
15.10 3.826 13.248 12.702 12.034 11.245 10.334 8.740 7.526 6.190 2.320
16.60 3.754 12.718 12.171 11.504 10.714 9.804 8.210 6.996 5.660 1.790
17.70 3.697 12.305 11.759 11.091 10.302 9.391 7.797 6.583 5.248 1.377
18.80 3.640 11.899 11.353 10.685 9.896 8.985 7.391 6.177 4.841 0.971

4.750 9.50 4.364 17.528 16.982 16.314 15.525 14.614 13.020 11.806 10.470 6.600
16.00 4.082 15.215 14.668 14.000 13.211 12.300 10.707 9.492 8.157 4.286
18.00 4.000 14.571 14.024 13.357 12.567 11.657 10.063 8.849 7.513 3.643

5.000 8.00 4.696 20.450 19.904 19.236 18.447 17.536 15.942 14.728 13.392 9.522
11.50 4.560 19.227 18.681 18.013 17.224 16.313 14.719 13.505 12.169 8.299
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing
English Units

Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft)

Coiled Tubing Outside Diameter (inches)
Outside Internal
Diameter Weight Diameter 1.000 1.250 1.500 1.750 2.000 2.375 2.625 2.875 3.500
in lb/ft in bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

13.00 4.494 18.647 18.100 17.433 16.643 15.733 14.139 12.925 11.589 7.719
15.00 4.408 17.903 17.357 16.689 15.900 14.989 13.395 12.181 10.845 6.975
18.00 4.276 16.790 16.243 15.575 14.786 13.875 12.282 11.068 9.732 5.862
20.30 4.184 16.034 15.487 14.819 14.030 13.119 11.526 10.311 8.976 5.105
20.80 4.156 15.807 15.260 14.592 13.803 12.893 11.299 10.085 8.749 4.879
31

21.00 4.154 15.791 15.244 14.576 13.787 12.876 11.283 10.068 8.733 4.862
23.20 4.044 14.915 14.368 13.700 12.911 12.000 10.407 9.193 7.857 3.987
24.20 4.000 14.571 14.024 13.357 12.567 11.657 10.063 8.849 7.513 3.643

5.250 8.50 4.944 22.772 22.226 21.558 20.769 19.858 18.264 17.050 15.715 11.844
10.00 4.886 22.218 21.672 21.004 20.215 19.304 17.711 16.496 15.161 11.290
13.00 4.768 21.112 20.566 19.898 19.108 18.198 16.604 15.390 14.054 10.184
16.00 4.648 20.014 19.468 18.800 18.011 17.100 15.506 14.292 12.957 9.086

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

5.500 9.00 5.192 25.214 24.668 24.000 23.211 22.300 20.706 19.492 18.156 14.286
13.00 5.044 23.743 23.196 22.528 21.739 20.828 19.235 18.020 16.685 12.814
14.00 5.012 23.430 22.884 22.216 21.426 20.516 18.922 17.708 16.372 12.502

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

15.00 4.974 23.061 22.515 21.847 21.058 20.147 18.553 17.339 16.004 12.133
15.50 4.950 22.830 22.284 21.616 20.826 19.916 18.322 17.108 15.772 11.902
17.00 4.892 22.275 21.729 21.061 20.272 19.361 17.768 16.553 15.218 11.347
20.00 4.778 21.205 20.658 19.990 19.201 18.290 16.697 15.483 14.147 10.277
23.00 4.670 20.213 19.667 18.999 18.210 17.299 15.706 14.494 13.156 9.285
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units

Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft)

Coiled Tubing Outside Diameter (inches)
Outside Internal
Diameter Weight Diameter 1.000 1.250 1.500 1.750 2.000 2.375 2.625 2.875 3.500
in lb/ft in bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

25.00 4.580 19.405 18.858 18.191 17.401 16.491 14.897 13.683 12.347 8.477
26.00 4.548 19.121 18.575 17.907 17.118 16.207 14.613 13.399 12.063 8.193

5.750 14.00 5.290 26.212 25.666 24.998 24.208 23.298 21.704 20.490 19.154 15.284
17.00 5.190 25.194 24.648 23.980 23.190 22.280 20.686 19.472 18.136 14.266
20.00 5.090 24.195 23.649 22.981 22.192 21.281 19.688 18.473 17.138 13.267
22.50 4.990 23.216 22.670 22.002 21.213 20.302 18.708 17.494 16.158 12.288
25.20 4.890 22.256 21.710 21.042 20.253 19.342 17.749 16.534 15.199 11.328
32

6.000 10.50 5.672 30.280 29.733 29.065 28.276 27.365 25.772 24.558 23.222 19.352
12.00 5.620 29.709 29.163 28.495 27.706 26.795 25.201 23.987 22.652 18.781
15.00 5.524 28.670 28.124 27.456 26.667 25.756 24.162 22.948 21.612 17.742
16.00 5.500 28.413 27.867 27.199 26.410 25.499 23.905 22.691 21.355 17.485
17.00 5.450 27.881 27.335 26.667 25.878 24.967 23.373 22.159 20.823 16.953
18.00 5.424 27.607 27.060 26.392 25.603 24.692 23.099 21.884 20.549 16.678
20.00 5.352 26.853 26.306 25.639 24.849 23.939 22.345 21.131 19.795 15.925
23.00 5.240 25.701 25.154 24.486 23.697 22.786 21.193 19.978 18.643 14.772
26.00 5.140 24.692 24.146 23.478 22.689 21.778 20.184 18.970 17.634 13.764

6.625 12.00 6.287 37.424 36.878 36.210 35.420 34.510 32.916 31.702 30.366 26.496
13.00 6.255 37.034 36.488 35.820 35.031 34.120 32.526 31.312 29.976 26.106
17.00 6.135 35.590 35.043 34.376 33.586 32.676 31.082 29.868 28.532 24.662
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing
English Units

Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft)

Coiled Tubing Outside Diameter (inches)
Outside Internal
Diameter Weight Diameter 1.000 1.250 1.500 1.750 2.000 2.375 2.625 2.875 3.500
in lb/ft in bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

20.00 6.049 34.572 34.026 33.358 32.568 31.658 30.064 28.850 27.514 23.644
22.00 5.989 33.870 33.324 32.656 31.867 30.956 29.363 28.148 26.813 22.942
24.00 5.921 33.084 32.537 31.869 31.080 30.170 28.576 27.362 26.026 22.156
26.00 5.855 32.329 31.782 31.114 30.325 29.415 27.821 26.607 25.271 21.401
28.00 5.791 31.605 31.058 30.390 29.601 28.691 27.097 25.883 24.547 20.677
33

29.00 5.761 31.268 30.722 30.054 29.265 28.354 26.760 25.546 24.210 20.340
32.00 5.675 30.313 29.766 29.098 28.309 27.399 25.805 24.591 23.255 19.385
34.00 5.595 29.437 28.890 28.223 27.433 26.523 24.929 23.715 22.379 18.509

7.000 13.00 6.520 40.323 39.776 39.108 38.319 37.408 35.815 34.601 33.265 29.394
17.00 6.538 40.551 40.004 39.337 38.547 37.637 36.043 34.829 33.493 29.623
20.00 6.456 39.516 38.969 38.302 37.512 36.602 35.008 33.794 32.458 28.588
22.00 6.398 38.792 38.245 37.577 36.788 35.878 34.284 33.070 31.734 27.864
23.00 6.366 38.395 37.849 37.181 36.391 35.481 33.887 32.673 31.337 27.467

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

24.00 6.336 38.025 37.478 36.811 36.021 35.111 33.517 32.303 30.967 27.097
26.00 6.276 37.290 36.743 36.075 35.286 34.376 32.782 31.568 30.232 26.362
28.00 6.214 36.537 35.991 35.323 34.534 33.623 32.030 30.815 29.480 25.609

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

29.00 6.184 36.176 35.630 34.962 34.173 33.262 31.668 30.454 29.118 25.248
30.00 6.154 35.817 35.270 34.602 33.813 32.902 31.309 30.095 28.759 24.889
32.00 6.094 35.103 34.556 33.889 33.099 32.189 30.595 29.381 28.045 24.175
33.70 6.048 34.560 34.014 33.346 32.557 31.646 30.052 28.838 27.503 23.632
34.00 6.040 34.466 33.920 33.252 32.463 31.552 29.958 28.744 27.409 23.538
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units

Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft)

Coiled Tubing Outside Diameter (inches)
Outside Internal
Diameter Weight Diameter 1.000 1.250 1.500 1.750 2.000 2.375 2.625 2.875 3.500
in lb/ft in bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

35.00 6.004 34.045 33.499 32.831 32.042 31.131 29.537 28.323 26.987 23.117
35.30 6.000 33.998 33.452 32.784 31.995 31.084 29.491 28.276 26.941 23.070
38.00 5.920 33.072 32.526 31.858 31.069 30.158 28.564 27.350 26.014 22.144
40.00 5.836 32.113 31.567 30.899 30.109 29.199 27.605 26.391 25.055 21.185
41.00 5.820 31.932 31.385 30.718 29.928 29.018 27.424 26.210 24.874 21.004
44.00 5.720 30.811 30.264 29.597 28.807 27.897 26.303 25.089 23.753 19.883

7.625 14.75 7.263 50.270 49.724 49.056 48.267 47.356 45.762 44.548 43.213 39.342
34

20.00 7.125 48.342 47.795 47.127 46.338 45.427 43.834 42.620 41.284 37.413
24.00 7.025 46.967 46.421 45.753 44.964 44.053 42.459 41.245 39.909 36.039
26.40 6.990 46.491 45.944 45.276 44.487 43.576 41.983 40.769 39.433 35.562
29.70 6.875 44.942 44.395 43.727 42.938 42.028 40.434 39.220 37.884 34.014
33.70 6.765 43.484 42.938 42.270 41.481 40.570 38.976 37.762 36.427 32.556
36.00 6.705 42.699 42.153 41.485 40.696 39.785 38.191 36.977 35.641 31.771
38.00 6.655 42.050 41.504 40.836 40.047 39.136 37.542 36.328 34.993 31.122
39.00 6.625 41.663 41.117 40.449 39.660 38.749 37.155 35.941 34.606 30.735
45.00 6.445 39.378 38.832 38.164 37.375 36.464 34.870 33.656 32.320 28.450
45.30 6.435 39.253 38.707 38.039 37.249 36.339 34.745 33.531 32.195 28.325

7.75 46.10 6.560 40.831 40.284 39.617 38.827 37.917 36.323 35.109 33.773 29.903

8 16.00 7.628 55.550 55.004 54.336 53.547 52.636 51.042 49.828 48.492 44.622
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing
English Units

Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft)

Coiled Tubing Outside Diameter (inches)
Outside Internal
Diameter Weight Diameter 1.000 1.250 1.500 1.750 2.000 2.375 2.625 2.875 3.500
in lb/ft in bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

20.00 7.528 54.078 53.531 52.864 52.074 51.164 49.570 48.356 47.020 43.150
26.00 7.386 52.021 51.474 50.806 50.017 49.106 47.513 46.299 44.963 41.092

8.125 28.00 7.485 53.451 52.904 52.236 51.447 50.537 48.943 47.729 46.393 42.523
32.00 7.385 52.006 51.460 50.792 50.003 49.092 47.498 46.284 44.949 41.078
35

35.50 7.285 50.581 50.035 49.367 48.578 47.667 46.073 44.859 43.523 39.653
39.50 7.185 49.176 48.629 47.961 47.172 46.261 44.668 43.454 42.118 38.248
42.00 7.125 48.342 47.795 47.127 46.338 45.427 43.834 42.620 41.284 37.413

8.625 20.00 8.191 64.201 63.655 62.987 62.198 61.287 59.693 58.479 57.144 53.273
24.00 8.097 62.714 62.168 61.500 60.710 59.800 58.206 56.992 55.656 51.786
28.00 8.017 61.462 60.915 60.248 59.458 58.548 56.954 55.740 54.404 50.534
32.00 7.921 59.975 59.429 58.761 57.972 57.061 55.468 54.253 52.918 49.047
36.00 7.825 58.507 57.961 57.293 56.504 55.593 53.999 52.785 51.449 47.579

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

38.00 7.775 57.749 57.203 56.535 55.746 54.835 53.242 52.027 50.692 46.821
40.00 7.725 56.997 56.450 55.782 54.993 54.082 52.489 51.275 49.939 46.069
43.00 7.651 55.891 55.345 54.677 53.888 52.977 51.384 50.169 48.834 44.963

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

44.00 7.625 55.506 54.959 54.291 53.502 52.591 50.998 49.783 48.448 44.577
48.00 7.537 54.209 53.663 52.995 52.206 51.295 49.702 48.487 47.152 43.281
49.00 7.511 53.829 53.283 52.615 51.826 50.915 49.322 48.107 46.772 42.901

8.75 49.70 7.636 55.669 55.122 54.454 53.665 52.754 51.161 49.947 48.611 44.741
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units

Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft)

Coiled Tubing Outside Diameter (inches)
Outside Internal
Diameter Weight Diameter 1.000 1.250 1.500 1.750 2.000 2.375 2.625 2.875 3.500
in lb/ft in bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

9 34.00 8.290 65.786 65.240 64.572 63.783 62.872 61.278 60.064 58.728 54.858
38.00 8.196 64.281 63.734 63.067 62.277 61.367 59.773 58.559 57.223 53.353
40.00 8.150 63.550 63.004 62.336 61.547 60.636 59.043 57.828 56.493 52.622
45.00 8.032 61.696 61.149 60.481 59.692 58.781 57.188 55.974 54.638 50.768
50.20 7.910 59.806 59.260 58.592 57.803 56.892 55.298 54.084 52.749 48.878
55.00 7.812 58.310 57.763 57.095 56.306 55.395 53.802 52.588 51.252 47.382
36

9.625 29.30 9.063 78.816 78.270 77.602 76.813 75.902 74.308 73.094 71.758 67.888
32.30 9.001 77.728 77.182 76.514 75.725 74.814 73.220 72.006 70.671 66.800
36.00 8.921 76.336 75.789 75.121 74.332 73.421 71.828 70.613 69.278 65.407
38.00 8.885 75.713 75.166 74.499 73.709 72.799 71.205 69.991 68.655 64.785
40.00 8.835 74.852 74.306 73.638 72.849 71.938 70.344 69.130 67.795 63.924
42.00 8.799 74.236 73.689 73.021 72.232 71.321 69.728 68.513 67.178 63.307
43.50 8.755 73.485 72.939 72.271 71.482 70.571 68.977 67.763 66.428 62.557
47.00 8.681 72.232 71.686 71.018 70.228 69.318 67.724 66.510 65.174 61.304
53.50 8.535 69.790 69.244 68.576 67.787 66.876 65.282 64.068 62.733 58.862
58.40 8.435 68.142 67.595 66.928 66.138 65.228 63.634 62.420 61.084 57.214
61.10 8.375 67.162 66.616 65.948 65.159 64.248 62.654 61.440 60.104 56.234
71.80 8.125 63.155 62.609 61.941 61.152 60.241 58.647 57.433 56.097 52.227

9.75 59.20 8.560 70.205 69.659 68.991 68.202 67.291 65.698 64.483 63.148 59.277
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing
English Units

Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft)

Coiled Tubing Outside Diameter (inches)
Outside Internal
Diameter Weight Diameter 1.000 1.250 1.500 1.750 2.000 2.375 2.625 2.875 3.500
in lb/ft in bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

9.875 62.80 8.625 71.291 70.744 70.076 69.287 68.376 66.783 65.568 64.233 60.362

10 33.00 9.384 84.568 84.022 83.354 82.565 81.654 80.060 78.846 77.511 73.640
41.50 9.200 81.247 80.700 80.032 79.243 78.332 76.739 75.525 74.189 70.319
37

45.50 9.120 79.823 79.277 78.609 77.819 76.909 75.315 74.101 72.765 68.895
50.50 9.016 77.991 77.444 76.777 75.987 75.077 73.483 72.269 70.933 67.063
55.50 8.908 76.110 75.564 74.896 74.107 73.196 71.603 70.388 69.053 65.182
61.20 8.790 74.082 73.535 72.868 72.078 71.168 69.574 68.360 67.024 63.154

10.75 32.75 10.192 99.933 99.387 98.719 97.930 97.019 95.425 94.211 92.875 89.005
35.75 10.136 98.827 98.281 97.613 96.824 95.913 94.319 93.105 91.770 87.899
40.50 10.050 97.141 96.595 95.927 95.137 94.227 92.633 91.419 90.083 86.213
45.50 9.950 95.198 94.652 93.984 93.195 92.284 90.690 89.476 88.140 84.270

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

48.00 9.902 94.273 93.726 93.058 92.269 91.358 89.765 88.550 87.215 83.344
51.00 9.850 93.275 92.728 92.061 91.271 90.361 88.767 87.553 86.217 82.347
54.00 9.784 92.016 91.470 90.802 90.013 89.102 87.508 86.294 84.958 81.088

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

55.50 9.760 91.560 91.014 90.346 89.557 88.646 87.053 85.838 84.503 80.632
60.70 9.660 89.674 89.128 88.460 87.670 86.760 85.166 83.952 82.616 78.746
65.70 9.560 87.807 87.261 86.593 85.803 84.893 83.299 82.085 80.749 76.879
71.10 9.450 85.776 85.229 84.561 83.772 82.862 81.268 80.054 78.718 74.848
76.00 9.350 83.950 83.403 82.735 81.946 81.035 79.442 78.227 76.892 73.021
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units

Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft)

Coiled Tubing Outside Diameter (inches)
Outside Internal
Diameter Weight Diameter 1.000 1.250 1.500 1.750 2.000 2.375 2.625 2.875 3.500
in lb/ft in bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

81.00 9.250 82.143 81.596 80.928 80.139 79.229 77.635 76.421 75.085 71.215

11 26.75 10.552 107.187 106.641 105.973 105.184 104.273 102.679 101.465 100.129 96.259

11.75 38.00 11.150 119.794 119.247 118.579 117.790 116.879 115.286 114.072 112.736 108.866
42.00 11.084 118.368 117.822 117.154 116.365 115.454 113.860 112.646 111.310 107.440
47.00 11.000 116.566 116.020 115.352 114.563 113.652 112.058 110.844 109.508 105.638
54.00 10.880 114.016 113.469 112.801 112.012 111.102 109.508 108.294 106.958 103.088
38

60.00 10.772 111.744 111.198 110.530 109.741 108.830 107.236 106.022 104.686 100.816
65.00 10.682 109.869 109.322 108.654 107.865 106.954 105.361 104.147 102.811 98.941
71.00 10.586 107.885 107.339 106.671 105.882 104.971 103.377 102.163 100.828 96.957

11.875 71.80 10.711 110.471 109.925 109.257 108.468 107.557 105.963 104.749 103.414 99.543

12 31.50 11.514 127.807 127.261 126.593 125.804 124.893 123.299 122.085 120.750 116.879
40.00 11.384 124.916 124.369 123.701 122.912 122.002 120.408 119.194 117.858 113.988

12.75 43.00 12.130 141.955 141.409 140.741 139.952 139.041 137.447 136.233 134.897 131.027
53.00 11.970 138.210 137.663 136.995 136.206 135.295 133.702 132.487 131.152 127.281

13 36.50 12.482 150.371 149.824 149.156 148.367 147.457 145.863 144.649 143.313 139.443
40.00 12.438 149.306 148.759 148.091 147.302 146.391 144.798 143.584 142.248 138.378
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing
English Units

Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft)

Coiled Tubing Outside Diameter (inches)
Outside Internal
Diameter Weight Diameter 1.000 1.250 1.500 1.750 2.000 2.375 2.625 2.875 3.500
in lb/ft in bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

45.00 12.360 147.427 146.880 146.212 145.423 144.513 142.919 141.705 140.369 136.499
50.00 12.282 145.560 145.013 144.345 143.556 142.645 141.052 139.838 138.502 134.632
54.00 12.220 144.084 143.538 142.870 142.080 141.170 139.576 138.362 137.026 133.156

13.375 48.00 12.715 156.074 155.527 154.859 154.070 153.159 151.566 150.352 149.016 145.146
39

54.50 12.615 153.613 153.067 152.399 151.610 150.699 149.105 147.891 146.555 142.685
61.00 12.515 151.172 150.626 149.958 149.168 148.258 146.664 145.450 144.114 140.244
68.00 12.415 148.750 148.204 147.536 146.747 145.836 144.242 143.028 141.693 137.822
72.00 12.347 147.115 146.568 145.900 145.111 144.201 142.607 141.393 140.057 136.187
77.00 12.275 145.393 144.846 144.178 143.389 142.478 140.885 139.671 138.335 134.465
83.00 12.175 143.018 142.471 141.803 141.014 140.103 138.510 137.296 135.960 132.090
85.00 12.159 142.639 142.093 141.425 140.636 139.725 138.132 136.917 135.582 131.711
92.00 12.031 139.632 139.085 138.417 137.628 136.718 135.124 133.910 132.574 128.704
98.00 11.937 137.443 136.897 136.229 135.440 134.529 132.935 131.721 130.385 126.515

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

13.5 81.40 12.340 146.947 146.400 145.733 144.943 144.033 142.439 141.225 139.889 136.019

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

13.625 88.20 12.375 147.787 147.241 146.573 145.784 144.873 143.279 142.065 140.729 136.859

14 42.00 13.488 175.749 175.203 174.535 173.745 172.835 171.241 170.027 168.691 164.821
50.00 13.344 171.996 171.449 170.781 169.992 169.082 167.488 166.274 164.938 161.068

(Upsets & couplings not included)

 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units

Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft)

Coiled Tubing Outside Diameter (inches)
Outside Internal
Diameter Weight Diameter 1.000 1.250 1.500 1.750 2.000 2.375 2.625 2.875 3.500
in lb/ft in bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

15 47.50 14.418 200.959 200.412 199.745 198.955 198.045 196.451 195.237 193.901 190.031

16 52.50 15.396 229.283 228.736 228.068 227.279 226.368 224.775 223.561 222.225 218.354
55.00 15.375 228.655 228.108 227.441 226.651 225.741 224.147 222.933 221.597 217.727
65.00 15.250 224.936 224.390 223.722 222.933 222.022 220.428 219.214 217.879 214.008
70.00 15.198 223.398 222.852 222.184 221.395 220.484 218.890 217.676 216.341 212.470
75.00 15.125 221.248 220.702 220.034 219.245 218.334 216.740 215.526 214.190 210.320
84.00 15.010 217.882 217.335 216.667 215.878 214.968 213.374 212.160 210.824 206.954
40

109.00 14.688 208.593 208.046 207.378 206.589 205.678 204.085 202.871 201.535 197.665

18 78.00 17.194 286.203 285.656 284.988 284.199 283.288 281.695 280.481 279.145 275.275
87.50 17.088 282.673 282.126 281.459 280.669 279.759 278.165 276.951 275.615 271.745
96.50 16.986 279.297 278.750 278.082 277.293 276.382 274.789 273.575 272.239 268.369

18.625 73.09 17.875 309.401 308.855 308.187 307.398 306.487 304.893 303.679 302.344 298.473
78.00 17.855 308.707 308.161 307.493 306.704 305.793 304.199 302.985 301.649 297.779
87.50 17.755 305.248 304.702 304.034 303.245 302.334 300.740 299.526 298.190 294.320
96.50 17.655 301.808 301.262 300.594 299.805 298.894 297.300 296.086 294.751 290.880

20 90.00 19.166 355.853 355.306 354.639 353.849 352.939 351.345 350.131 348.795 344.925
94.00 19.124 354.291 353.744 353.076 352.287 351.376 349.783 348.569 347.233 343.363
106.50 19.000 349.699 349.152 348.484 347.695 346.784 345.191 343.976 342.641 338.770
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing
English Units

Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft)

Coiled Tubing Outside Diameter (inches)
Outside Internal
Diameter Weight Diameter 1.000 1.250 1.500 1.750 2.000 2.375 2.625 2.875 3.500
in lb/ft in bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

133.00 18.730 339.803 339.257 338.589 337.799 336.889 335.295 334.081 332.745 328.875

21.5 103.00 20.610 411.646 411.099 410.432 409.642 408.732 407.138 405.924 404.588 400.718
114.00 20.510 407.651 407.105 406.437 405.648 404.737 403.144 401.929 400.594 396.723
(Upsets & couplings not included)
41

anchor
anchor

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Metric Units

Annular Volume (per meter)

Outside Coiled Tubing Diameter (mm)
Weight
Diameter
25.4 31.75 38.1 44.45 50.8 60.325 66.7 73.025 88.9
in mm lb/ft kg/m Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

4.000 101.600 5.65 8.41 6.082 5.798 5.449 5.038 4.563 3.732 3.099 2.403 0.385
9.50 14.14 5.697 5.412 5.064 4.653 4.178 3.347 2.714 2.018
11.60 17.26 5.445 5.160 4.812 4.400 3.925 3.095 2.462 1.765

4.500 114.300 6.75 10.04 8.495 8.210 7.862 7.451 6.976 6.145 5.512 4.816 2.798
9.50 14.14 7.965 7.680 7.332 6.921 6.446 5.615 4.982 4.286 2.268
10.50 15.62 7.809 7.524 7.175 6.764 6.289 5.458 4.825 4.129 2.111
11.00 16.37 7.702 7.417 7.069 6.658 6.183 5.352 4.719 4.023 2.005
42

11.60 17.26 7.596 7.312 6.963 6.552 6.077 5.246 4.613 3.917 1.899
12.60 18.75 7.427 7.142 6.794 6.383 5.908 5.077 4.444 3.748 1.730
13.50 20.09 7.276 6.991 6.643 6.231 5.756 4.925 4.292 3.596 1.578
15.10 22.47 6.907 6.622 6.274 5.862 5.388 4.557 3.924 3.227 1.210
16.60 24.70 6.630 6.346 5.997 5.586 5.111 4.280 3.647 2.951 0.933
17.70 26.34 6.415 6.131 5.782 5.371 4.896 4.065 3.432 2.736 0.718
18.80 27.97 6.204 5.919 5.571 5.159 4.684 3.853 3.220 2.524 0.506

4.750 120.650 9.50 14.14 9.138 8.853 8.505 8.094 7.619 6.788 6.155 5.459 3.441
16.00 23.81 7.932 7.647 7.299 6.888 6.413 5.582 4.946 4.253 2.235
18.00 26.78 7.596 7.312 6.963 6.552 6.077 5.246 4.613 3.917 1.899

5.000 127.000 8.00 11.90 10.662 10.377 10.029 9.617 9.142 8.311 7.678 6.982 4.964
11.50 17.11 10.024 9.739 9.391 8.980 8.505 7.674 7.041 6.345 4.327
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing
Metric Units

Annular Volume (per meter)

Outside Coiled Tubing Diameter (mm)
Weight
Diameter
25.4 31.75 38.1 44.45 50.8 60.325 66.7 73.025 88.9
in mm lb/ft kg/m Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

13.00 19.34 9.721 9.437 9.088 8.677 8.202 7.371 6.738 6.042 4.024
15.00 22.32 9.334 9.049 8.701 8.289 7.814 6.984 6.351 5.654 3.636
18.00 26.78 8.753 8.468 8.120 7.709 7.234 6.403 5.770 5.074 3.056
20.30 30.21 8.359 8.074 7.726 7.315 6.840 6.009 5.376 4.680 2.662
20.80 30.95 8.241 7.956 7.608 7.196 6.722 5.891 5.258 4.561 2.543
43

21.00 31.25 8.232 7.948 7.599 7.188 6.713 5.882 5.249 4.553 2.535
23.20 34.52 7.776 7.491 7.143 6.731 6.256 5.426 4.793 4.096 2.078
24.20 36.01 7.596 7.312 6.963 6.552 6.077 5.246 4.613 3.917 1.899

5.250 133.350 8.50 12.65 11.872 11.587 11.239 10.828 10.353 9.522 8.889 8.193 6.175
10.00 14.88 11.584 11.299 10.951 10.539 10.064 9.233 8.600 7.904 5.886
13.00 19.34 11.007 10.722 10.374 9.962 9.487 8.657 8.024 7.327 5.309
16.00 23.81 10.434 10.150 9.801 9.390 8.915 8.084 7.451 6.755 4.737

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

5.500 139.700 9.00 13.39 13.145 12.861 12.512 12.101 11.626 10.795 10.162 9.466 7.448
13.00 19.34 12.378 12.093 11.745 11.334 10.859 10.028 9.395 8.699 6.681
14.00 20.83 12.215 11.930 11.582 11.171 10.696 9.865 9.232 8.536 6.518

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

15.00 22.32 12.023 11.738 11.390 10.979 10.504 9.673 9.040 8.343 6.326
15.50 23.06 11.902 11.618 11.269 10.858 10.383 9.552 8.919 8.223 6.205
17.00 25.30 11.613 11.328 10.980 10.569 10.094 9.263 8.630 7.934 5.916
20.00 29.76 11.055 10.770 10.422 10.011 9.536 8.705 8.072 7.376 5.358
23.00 34.22 10.538 10.253 9.905 9.494 9.019 8.188 7.555 6.859 4.841
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Metric Units

Annular Volume (per meter)

Outside Coiled Tubing Diameter (mm)
Weight
Diameter
25.4 31.75 38.1 44.45 50.8 60.325 66.7 73.025 88.9
in mm lb/ft kg/m Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

25.00 37.20 10.117 9.832 9.484 9.072 8.597 7.767 7.133 6.437 4.419
26.00 38.69 9.969 9.684 9.336 8.924 8.449 7.619 6.986 6.289 4.271

5.750 146.050 14.00 20.83 13.666 13.381 13.033 12.621 12.146 11.315 10.682 9.986 7.968
17.00 25.30 13.135 12.850 12.502 12.090 11.616 10.785 10.152 9.455 7.438
20.00 29.76 12.614 12.329 11.981 11.570 11.095 10.264 9.631 8.935 6.917
22.50 33.48 12.104 11.819 11.471 11.059 10.584 9.754 9.121 8.424 6.406
25.20 37.50 11.603 11.319 10.970 10.559 10.084 9.253 8.620 7.924 5.906
44

6.000 152.400 10.50 15.62 15.786 15.501 15.153 14.742 14.267 13.436 12.803 12.107 10.089
12.00 17.86 15.489 15.204 14.856 14.444 13.970 13.139 12.506 11.809 9.792
15.00 22.32 14.947 14.662 14.314 13.903 13.428 12.597 11.964 11.268 9.250
16.00 23.81 14.813 14.528 14.180 13.769 13.294 12.463 11.830 11.134 9.116
17.00 25.30 14.536 14.251 13.903 13.491 13.017 12.186 11.553 10.856 8.839
18.00 26.78 14.393 14.108 13.760 13.348 12.873 12.043 11.409 10.713 8.695
20.00 29.76 14.000 13.715 13.367 12.955 12.480 11.650 11.017 10.320 8.302
23.00 34.22 13.399 13.114 12.766 12.354 11.880 11.049 10.416 9.719 7.702
26.00 38.69 12.873 12.588 12.240 11.829 11.354 10.523 9.890 9.194 7.176

6.625 168.275 12.00 17.86 19.511 19.226 18.878 18.466 17.992 17.161 16.528 15.831 13.814
13.00 19.34 19.308 19.023 18.675 18.263 17.788 16.958 16.325 15.628 13.610
17.00 25.30 18.555 18.270 17.922 17.510 17.035 16.205 15.573 14.875 12.857
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing
Metric Units

Annular Volume (per meter)

Outside Coiled Tubing Diameter (mm)
Weight
Diameter
25.4 31.75 38.1 44.45 50.8 60.325 66.7 73.025 88.9
in mm lb/ft kg/m Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

20.00 29.76 18.024 17.739 17.391 16.980 16.505 15.674 15.041 14.345 12.327
22.00 32.74 17.658 17.373 17.025 16.614 16.139 15.308 14.675 13.979 11.961
24.00 35.71 17.248 16.963 16.615 16.204 15.729 14.898 14.265 13.569 11.551
26.00 38.69 16.855 16.570 16.222 15.810 15.335 14.504 13.871 13.175 11.157
28.00 41.66 16.477 16.192 15.844 15.433 14.958 14.127 13.494 12.798 10.780
45

29.00 43.15 16.302 16.017 15.669 15.257 14.782 13.951 13.318 12.622 10.604
32.00 47.62 15.804 15.519 15.170 14.759 14.284 13.453 12.820 12.124 10.106
34.00 50.59 15.347 15.062 14.714 14.302 13.828 12.997 12.364 11.667 9.650

7.000 177.800 13.00 19.34 21.022 20.737 20.389 19.978 19.503 18.672 18.039 17.343 15.325
17.00 25.30 21.141 20.856 20.508 20.097 19.622 18.791 18.158 17.462 15.444
20.00 29.76 20.602 20.317 19.969 19.557 19.082 18.251 17.618 16.922 14.904
22.00 32.74 20.224 19.939 19.591 19.180 18.705 17.874 17.241 16.545 14.527
23.00 34.22 20.017 19.732 19.384 18.973 18.498 17.667 17.034 16.338 14.320

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

24.00 35.71 19.824 19.539 19.191 18.780 18.305 17.474 16.841 16.145 14.127
26.00 38.69 19.441 19.156 18.808 18.396 17.922 17.091 16.458 15.761 13.744
28.00 41.66 19.049 18.764 18.416 18.004 17.530 16.699 16.066 15.369 13.351

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

29.00 43.15 18.860 18.576 18.227 17.816 17.341 16.510 15.877 15.181 13.163
30.00 44.64 18.673 18.388 18.040 17.629 17.154 16.323 15.690 14.993 12.976
32.00 47.62 18.301 18.016 17.668 17.256 16.782 15.951 15.318 14.621 12.603
33.70 50.14 18.018 17.733 17.385 16.973 16.499 15.668 15.035 14.338 12.321
34.00 50.59 17.969 17.684 17.336 16.925 16.450 15.619 14.986 14.289 12.272
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Metric Units

Annular Volume (per meter)

Outside Coiled Tubing Diameter (mm)
Weight
Diameter
25.4 31.75 38.1 44.45 50.8 60.325 66.7 73.025 88.9
in mm lb/ft kg/m Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

35.00 52.08 17.749 17.465 17.116 16.705 16.230 15.399 14.766 14.070 12.052
35.30 52.53 17.725 17.440 17.092 16.681 16.206 15.375 14.742 14.046 12.028
38.00 56.54 17.242 16.957 16.609 16.198 15.723 14.892 14.259 13.563 11.545
40.00 59.52 16.742 16.457 16.109 15.698 15.223 14.392 13.759 13.063 11.045
41.00 61.01 16.648 16.363 16.015 15.603 15.128 14.297 13.664 12.968 10.950
44.00 65.47 16.063 15.778 15.430 15.019 14.544 13.713 13.080 12.384 10.366

7.625 193.675 14.75 21.95 26.208 25.924 25.575 25.164 24.689 23.858 23.225 22.529 20.511
46

20.00 29.76 25.203 24.918 24.570 24.158 23.684 22.853 22.220 21.523 19.506
24.00 35.71 24.486 24.201 23.853 23.442 22.967 22.136 21.503 20.807 18.789
26.40 39.28 24.238 23.953 23.605 23.193 22.719 21.888 21.255 20.558 18.541
29.70 44.19 23.430 23.146 22.797 22.386 21.911 21.080 20.447 19.751 17.733
33.70 50.14 22.671 22.386 22.038 21.626 21.151 20.320 19.687 18.991 16.973
36.00 53.57 22.261 21.976 21.628 21.217 20.742 19.911 19.278 18.582 16.564
38.00 56.54 21.923 21.638 21.290 20.878 20.404 19.573 18.940 18.243 16.226
39.00 58.03 21.721 21.436 21.088 20.677 20.202 19.371 18.738 18.042 16.024
45.00 66.96 20.530 20.245 19.897 19.485 19.010 18.180 17.547 16.850 14.832
45.30 67.41 20.465 20.180 19.831 19.420 18.945 18.114 17.481 16.785 14.767

7.750 196.850 46.10 68.60 21.287 21.002 20.654 20.243 19.768 18.937 18.304 17.608 15.590

8.000 203.200 16.00 23.81 28.961 28.676 28.328 27.917 27.442 26.611 25.978 25.281 23.264
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing
Metric Units

Annular Volume (per meter)

Outside Coiled Tubing Diameter (mm)
Weight
Diameter
25.4 31.75 38.1 44.45 50.8 60.325 66.7 73.025 88.9
in mm lb/ft kg/m Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

20.00 29.76 28.193 27.909 27.560 27.149 26.674 25.843 25.210 24.514 22.496
26.00 38.69 27.121 26.836 26.488 26.076 25.602 24.771 24.138 23.441 21.424

8.125 206.375 28.00 41.66 27.867 27.582 27.234 26.822 26.347 25.516 24.883 24.187 22.169
32.00 47.62 27.113 26.829 26.480 26.069 25.594 24.763 24.130 23.434 21.416
47

35.50 52.82 26.371 26.086 25.738 25.326 24.851 24.020 23.387 22.691 20.673
39.50 58.78 25.638 25.353 25.005 24.593 24.118 23.288 22.655 21.958 19.940
42.00 62.50 25.203 24.918 24.570 24.158 23.684 22.853 22.220 21.523 19.506

8.625 219.075 20.00 29.76 33.471 33.187 32.838 32.427 31.952 31.121 30.488 29.792 27.774
24.00 35.71 32.696 32.411 32.063 31.651 31.177 30.346 29.713 29.016 26.999
28.00 41.66 32.043 31.758 31.410 30.999 30.524 29.693 29.060 28.364 26.346
32.00 47.62 31.268 30.983 30.635 30.224 29.749 28.918 28.285 27.589 25.571
36.00 53.57 30.503 30.218 29.870 29.458 28.983 28.153 27.520 26.823 24.805

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

38.00 56.54 30.108 29.823 29.475 29.063 28.588 27.758 27.125 26.428 24.410
40.00 59.52 29.715 29.430 29.082 28.671 28.196 27.365 26.732 26.036 24.018
43.00 63.98 29.139 28.854 28.506 28.094 27.620 26.789 26.156 25.459 23.442

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

44.00 65.47 28.938 28.653 28.305 27.893 27.419 26.588 25955 25.258 23.240
48.00 71.42 28.262 27.977 27.629 27.218 26.743 25.912 25.279 24.583 22.565
49.00 72.91 28.064 27.779 27.431 27.019 26.545 25.714 25.081 24.384 22.367

8.750 222.250 49.70 73.95 29.023 28.738 28.390 27.978 27.504 26.673 26.040 25.343 23.326
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Metric Units

Annular Volume (per meter)

Outside Coiled Tubing Diameter (mm)
Weight
Diameter
25.4 31.75 38.1 44.45 50.8 60.325 66.7 73.025 88.9
in mm lb/ft kg/m Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

9.000 228.600 34.00 50.59 34.298 34.013 33.665 33.253 32.778 31.948 31.314 30.618 28.600
38.00 56.54 33.513 33.228 32.880 32.468 31.994 31.163 30.530 29.833 27.816
40.00 59.52 33.132 32.847 32.499 32.088 31.613 30.782 30.149 29.453 27.435
45.00 66.96 32.165 31.880 31.532 31.121 30.646 29.815 29.182 28.486 26.468
50.20 74.70 31.180 30.895 30.547 30.136 29.661 28.830 28.197 27.501 25.483
55.00 81.84 30.400 30.115 29.767 29.355 28.880 28.050 27.417 26.720 24.702
48

9.625 244.475 29.30 43.60 41.091 40.806 40.458 40.046 39.572 38.741 38.108 37.411 35.394
32.30 48.06 40.524 40.239 39.891 39.479 39.004 38.174 37.541 36.844 34.826
36.00 53.57 39.798 39.513 39.165 38.753 38.278 37.447 36.814 36.118 34.100
38.00 56.54 39.473 39.188 38.840 38.428 37.954 37.123 36.490 35.793 33.776
40.00 59.52 39.024 38.739 38.391 37.980 37.505 36.674 36.041 35.345 33.327
42.00 62.50 38.703 38.418 38.070 37.658 37.183 36.353 35.720 35.023 33.005
43.50 64.73 38.312 38.027 37.679 37.267 36.792 35.961 35.328 34.632 32.614
47.00 69.94 37.658 37.373 37.025 36.614 36.139 35.308 34.675 33.979 31.961
53.50 79.61 36.385 36.100 35.752 35.341 34.866 34.035 33.402 32.706 30.688
58.40 86.90 35.526 35.241 34.893 34.481 34.007 33.176 32.543 31.846 29.828
61.10 90.92 35.015 34.730 34.382 33.971 33.496 32.665 32.032 31.336 29.318
71.80 106.84 32.926 32.641 32.293 31.881 31.407 30.576 29.943 29.246 27.229

9.750 247.650 59.20 88.09 36.602 36.317 35.969 35.557 35.082 34.252 33.618 32.922 30.904
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing
Metric Units

Annular Volume (per meter)

Outside Coiled Tubing Diameter (mm)
Weight
Diameter
25.4 31.75 38.1 44.45 50.8 60.325 66.7 73.025 88.9
in mm lb/ft kg/m Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

9.875 250.825 62.80 93.45 37.167 36.883 36.534 36.123 35.648 34.817 34.184 33.488 31.470

10.000 254.000 33.00 49.10 44.090 43.805 43.457 43.045 42.570 41.740 41.107 40.410 38.392
41.50 61.75 42.358 42.073 41.725 41.313 40.839 40.008 39.375 38.678 36.661
49

45.50 67.70 41.616 41.331 40.983 40.571 40.096 39.266 38.633 37.936 35.918
50.50 75.14 40.661 40.376 40.028 39.616 39.141 38.310 37.677 36.981 34.963
55.50 82.58 39.680 39.395 39.047 38.636 38.161 37.330 36.697 36.001 33.983
61.20 91.06 38.623 38.338 37.990 37.578 37.103 36.272 35.639 34.943 32.925

10.750 273.050 32.75 48.73 52.100 51.815 51.467 51.056 50.581 49.750 49.117 48.421 46.403
35.75 53.20 51.524 51.239 50.891 50.479 50.004 49.174 48.540 47.844 45.826
40.50 60.26 50.645 50.360 50.011 49.600 49.125 48.294 47.661 46.965 44.947
45.50 67.70 49.632 49.347 48.999 48.587 48.112 47.281 46.648 45.952 43.934

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

48.00 71.42 49.149 48.864 48.516 48.105 47.630 46.799 46.166 45.470 43.452
51.00 75.89 48.629 48.344 47.996 47.584 47.110 46.279 45.646 44.949 42.932
54.00 80.35 47.973 47.688 47.340 46.928 46.453 45.622 44.989 44.293 42.275

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

55.50 82.58 47.735 47.450 47.102 46.691 46.216 45.385 44.752 44.056 42.038
60.70 90.32 46.752 46.467 46.119 45.707 45.232 44.401 43.768 43.072 41.054
65.70 97.76 45.778 45.493 45.145 44.734 44.259 43.428 42.795 42.099 40.081
71.10 105.80 44.719 44.434 44.086 43.675 43.200 42.369 41.736 41.040 39.022
76.00 113.09 43.767 43.482 43.134 42.723 42.248 41.417 40.784 40.088 38.070
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Metric Units

Annular Volume (per meter)

Outside Coiled Tubing Diameter (mm)
Weight
Diameter
25.4 31.75 38.1 44.45 50.8 60.325 66.7 73.025 88.9
in mm lb/ft kg/m Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

81.00 120.53 42.825 42.540 42.192 41.781 41.306 40.475 39.842 39.146 37.128

11.000 279.400 26.75 39.80 55.882 55.597 55.249 54.838 54.363 53.532 52.889 52.203 50.185

11.750 298.450 38.00 56.54 62.455 62.170 61.821 61.410 60.935 60.104 59.471 58.775 56.757
42.00 62.50 61.711 61.426 61.078 60.667 60.192 59.361 58.728 58.032 56.014
47.00 69.94 60.772 60.487 60.139 59.727 59.253 58.422 57.789 57.092 55.075
54.00 80.35 59.442 59.157 58.809 58.398 57.923 57.092 56.459 55.763 53.745
50

60.00 89.28 58.258 57.973 57.625 57.213 56.739 55.908 55.275 54.578 52.561
65.00 96.72 57.280 56.995 56.647 56.236 55.761 54.930 54.297 53.601 51.583
71.00 105.65 56.246 55.961 55.613 55.202 54.727 53.896 53.263 52.567 50.549

11.875 301.625 71.80 106.84 57.594 57.309 56.961 56.550 56.075 55.244 54.611 53.915 51.897

12.000 304.800 31.50 46.87 66.632 66.348 65.999 65.588 65.113 64.282 63.649 62.953 60.935
40.00 59.52 65.125 64.840 64.492 64.080 63.606 62.775 62.142 61.445 59.428

12.750 323.850 43.00 63.98 74.008 73.724 73.375 72.964 72.489 71.658 71.025 70.329 68.311
53.00 78.86 72.056 71.771 71.423 71.011 70.536 69.705 69.072 68.376 66.358

13.000 330.200 36.50 54.31 78.396 78.111 77.763 77.351 76.877 76.046 75.413 74.716 72.699
40.00 59.52 77.841 77.556 77.208 76.796 76.321 75.490 74.857 74.161 72.143
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing
Metric Units

Annular Volume (per meter)

Outside Coiled Tubing Diameter (mm)
Weight
Diameter
25.4 31.75 38.1 44.45 50.8 60.325 66.7 73.025 88.9
in mm lb/ft kg/m Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

45.00 66.96 76.861 76.576 76.228 75.817 75.342 74.511 73.878 73.181 71.164
50.00 74.40 75.888 75.603 75.255 74.843 74.368 73.537 72.904 72.208 70.190
54.00 80.35 75.118 74.833 74.485 74.074 73.599 72.768 72.135 71.439 69.421

13.375 339.725 48.00 71.42 81.369 81.084 80.736 80.325 79.850 79.019 78.386 77.690 75.672
51

54.50 81.10 80.086 79.801 79.453 79.042 78.567 77.736 77.103 76.407 74.389
61.00 90.77 78.814 78.529 78.181 77.769 77.294 76.463 75.830 75.134 73.116
68.00 101.18 77.551 77.266 76.918 76.507 76.032 75.201 74.568 73.872 71.854
72.00 107.13 76.698 76.414 76.065 75.654 75.179 74.348 73.715 73.019 71.001
77.00 114.57 75.801 75.516 75.168 74.756 74.281 73.450 72.817 72.121 70.103
83.00 123.50 74.562 74.277 73.929 73.518 73.043 72.212 71.579 70.883 68.865
85.00 126.48 74.365 74.080 73.732 73.321 72.846 72.015 71.382 70.686 68.668
92.00 136.89 72.797 72.512 72.164 71.753 71.278 70.447 69.814 69.118 67.100
98.00 145.82 71.656 71.371 71.023 70.612 70.137 69.306 68.673 67.977 65.959

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

13.500 342.900 81.40 121.12 76.611 76.326 75.978 75.566 75.092 74.261 73.628 72.931 70.913

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

13.625 346.075 88.20 131.24 77.049 76.764 76.416 76.004 75.530 74.699 74.066 73.369 71.352

14.000 355.600 42.00 62.50 91.627 91.342 90.994 90.582 90.108 89.277 88.644 87.947 85.929
50.00 74.40 89.670 89.385 89.037 88.626 88.151 87.320 86.687 85.991 83.973

(Upsets & couplings not included)

 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Metric Units

Annular Volume (per meter)

Outside Coiled Tubing Diameter (mm)
Weight
Diameter
25.4 31.75 38.1 44.45 50.8 60.325 66.7 73.025 88.9
in mm lb/ft kg/m Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

15.000 381.000 47.50 70.68 104.770 104.485 104.137 103.726 103.251 102.420 101.787 101.091 99.073

16.000 406.400 52.50 78.12 119.537 119.252 118.904 118.492 118.017 117.187 116.553 115.857 113.839
55.00 81.84 119.209 118.925 118.576 118.165 117.690 116.859 116.226 115.530 113.512
65.00 96.72 117.271 116.986 116.638 116.226 115.751 114.921 114.288 113.591 111.573
70.00 104.16 116.469 116.184 115.836 115.424 114.950 114.119 113.486 112.789 110.772
75.00 111.60 115.348 115.063 114.715 114.303 113.829 112.998 112.365 111.668 109.651
84.00 124.99 113.593 113.308 112.960 112.548 112.074 111.243 110.610 109.913 107.895
52

109.00 162.19 108.750 108.465 108.117 107.705 107.231 106.400 105.767 105.070 103.053

18.000 457.200 78.00 116.06 149.212 148.927 148.579 148.167 147.693 146.862 146.229 145.532 143.515
87.50 130.20 147.372 147.087 146.739 146.327 145.852 145.022 144.388 143.692 141.674
96.50 143.59 145.612 145.327 144.979 144.567 144.092 143.261 142.628 141.932 139.914

18.625 473.075 73.09 108.76 161.307 161.022 160.674 160.262 159.787 158.956 158.323 157.627 155.609
78.00 116.06 160.945 160.660 160.312 159.900 159.425 158.595 157.962 157.265 155.247
87.50 130.20 159.141 158.856 158.508 158.097 157.622 156.791 156.158 155.462 153.444
96.50 143.59 157.348 157.063 156.715 156.304 155.829 154.998 154.365 153.668 151.651

20.000 508.000 90.00 133.92 185.524 185.239 184.891 184.480 184.005 183.174 182.541 181.845 179.827
94.00 139.87 184.710 184.425 184.077 183.665 183.190 182.360 181.727 181.030 179.012
106.50 158.47 182.316 182.031 181.683 181.271 180.796 179.965 179.332 178.636 176.618
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volumes for Coiled Tubing Inside of Casing
Metric Units

Annular Volume (per meter)

Outside Coiled Tubing Diameter (mm)
Weight
Diameter
25.4 31.75 38.1 44.45 50.8 60.325 66.7 73.025 88.9
in mm lb/ft kg/m Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

133.00 197.90 177.157 176.872 176.524 176.112 175.637 174.806 174.173 173.477 171.459

21.500 546.100 103.00 153.26 214.612 214.327 213.979 213.567 213.093 212.262 211.629 210.932 208.915
114.00 169.63 212.529 212.245 211.896 211.485 211.010 210.179 209.546 208.850 206.832
(Upsets & couplings not included)
53

anchor
anchor

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
 Annular Volume for Tubing inside of Casing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units

Outside Internal
Weight Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft)
Diameter Diameter
in lb/ft in bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

Tubing Outside Diameter (inches)

1.050 1.315 1.660 1.900 2.375 2.875 2.875 3.500

4.500 9.50 4.090 15.178 14.570 13.573 12.743 10.770 8.220 8.220 4.350
10.50 4.052 14.878 14.269 13.272 12.442 10.470 7.920 7.920 4.049
11.00 4.026 14.674 14.065 13.068 12.238 10.266 7.716 7.716 3.845
11.60 4.000 14.471 13.862 12.865 12.035 10.063 7.513 7.513 3.643
12.60 3.958 14.147 13.538 12.541 11.711 9.738 7.188 7.188 3.318
54

13.50 3.920 13.856 13.247 12.250 11.420 9.447 6.898 6.898 3.027
15.10 3.826 13.148 12.540 11.543 10.713 8.740 6.190 6.190 2.320
16.60 3.754 12.618 12.010 11.013 10.183 8.210 5.660 5.660 1.790
17.70 3.697 12.206 11.597 10.600 9.770 7.797 5.248 5.248 1.377
18.80 3.640 11.800 11.191 10.194 9.364 7.391 4.841 4.841 0.971

4.750 16.00 4.082 15.115 14.506 13.509 12.679 10.707 8.157 8.157 4.286

Tubing Outside Diameter (inches)

1.315 1.660 1.900 2.375 2.875 2.875 3.500 4.000

5.000 11.50 4.560 18.519 17.522 16.692 14.719 12.169 12.169 8.299 4.656
13.00 4.494 17.938 16.941 16.111 14.139 11.589 11.589 7.719 4.076
15.00 4.408 17.195 16.198 15.368 13.395 10.845 10.845 6.975 3.332
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volume for Tubing inside of Casing
English Units

Outside Internal
Weight Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft)
Diameter Diameter
in lb/ft in bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

18.00 4.276 16.081 15.084 14.254 12.282 9.732 9.732 5.862 2.219
20.30 4.184 15.325 14.328 13.498 11.526 8.976 8.976 5.105 1.463
21.00 4.154 15.082 14.085 13.255 11.283 8.733 8.733 4.862 1.220
23.20 4.044 14.206 13.209 12.379 10.407 7.857 7.857 3.987 0.344

5.500 13.00 5.044 23.034 22.037 21.207 19.235 16.685 16.685 12.814 9.172
55

14.00 5.012 22.722 21.725 20.895 18.922 16.372 16.372 12.502 8.859
15.00 4.974 22.353 21.356 20.526 18.553 16.004 16.004 12.133 8.491
15.50 4.950 22.122 21.125 20.295 18.322 15.772 15.772 11.902 8.259
17.00 4.892 21.567 20.570 19.740 17.768 15.218 15.218 11.347 7.705
20.00 4.778 20.496 19.499 18.669 16.697 14.147 14.147 10.277 6.634
23.00 4.670 19.505 18.508 17.678 15.706 13.156 13.156 9.285 5.643
26.00 4.548 18.413 17.416 16.586 14.613 12.063 12.063 8.193 4.550

Tubing Outside Diameter (inches)

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

1.660 1.900 2.375 2.875 2.875 3.500 4.000 4.500

5.750 14.00 5.290 24.507 23.677 21.704 19.154 19.154 15.284 11.641 7.513

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

17.00 5.190 23.489 22.659 20.686 18.136 18.136 14.266 10.623 6.495
20.00 5.090 22.490 21.660 19.688 17.138 17.138 13.267 9.625 5.496
22.50 4.990 21.511 20.681 18.708 16.158 16.158 12.288 8.645 4.517
25.20 4.890 20.551 19.721 17.749 15.199 15.199 11.328 7.686 3.557

(Upsets & couplings not included)

 Annular Volume for Tubing inside of Casing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units

Outside Internal
Weight Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft)
Diameter Diameter
in lb/ft in bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

Tubing Outside Diameter (inches)

1.900 2.375 2.875 2.875 3.500 4.000 4.500 5.000

6.000 15.00 5.524 26.135 24.162 21.612 21.612 17.742 14.099 9.971 5.357
16.00 5.500 25.878 23.905 21.355 21.355 17.485 13.842 9.714 5.100
17.00 5.450 25.346 23.373 20.823 20.823 16.953 13.310 9.182 4.568
18.00 5.424 25.071 23.099 20.549 20.549 16.678 13.036 8.907 4.293
20.00 5.352 24.318 22.345 19.795 19.795 15.925 12.282 8.154 3.540
23.00 5.240 23.165 21.193 18.643 18.643 14.772 11.130 7.001 2.387
56

26.00 5.140 22.157 20.184 17.634 17.634 13.764 10.121 5.993 1.379

Tubing Outside Diameter (inches)

2.375 2.875 2.875 3.500 4.000 4.500 5.000 5.500

6.625 13.00 6.255 32.526 29.976 29.976 26.106 22.463 18.335 13.721 8.621
17.00 6.135 31.082 28.532 28.532 24.662 21.019 16.891 12.277 7.177
20.00 6.049 30.064 27.514 27.514 23.644 20.001 15.873 11.259 6.159
22.00 5.989 29.363 26.813 26.813 22.942 19.300 15.171 10.557 5.457
24.00 5.921 28.576 26.026 26.026 22.156 18.513 14.385 9.770 4.671
26.00 5.855 27.821 25.271 25.271 21.401 17.758 13.630 9.015 3.916
28.00 5.791 27.097 24.547 24.547 20.677 17.034 12.906 8.291 3.192
29.00 5.761 26.760 24.210 24.210 20.340 16.697 12.569 7.955 2.855
32.00 5.675 25.805 23.255 23.255 19.385 15.742 11.614 6.999 1.900
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volume for Tubing inside of Casing
English Units

Outside Internal
Weight Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft)
Diameter Diameter
in lb/ft in bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

34.00 5.595 24.929 22.379 22.379 18.509 14.866 10.738 6.124 1.024

7.000 17.00 6.538 36.043 33.493 33.493 29.623 25.980 21.852 17.238 12.138
20.00 6.456 35.008 32.458 32.458 28.588 24.945 20.817 16.203 11.103
22.00 6.398 34.284 31.734 31.734 27.864 24.221 20.093 15.478 10.379
23.00 6.366 33.887 31.337 31.337 27.467 23.824 19.696 15.082 9.982
57

24.00 6.336 33.517 30.967 30.967 27.097 23.454 19.326 14.712 9.612
26.00 6.276 32.782 30.232 30.232 26.362 22.719 18.591 13.976 8.877
28.00 6.214 32.030 29.480 29.480 25.609 21.967 17.838 13.224 8.124
29.00 6.184 31.668 29.118 29.118 25.248 21.605 17.477 12.863 7.763
30.00 6.154 31.309 28.759 28.759 24.889 21.246 17.117 12.503 7.404
32.00 6.094 30.595 28.045 28.045 24.175 20.532 16.404 11.790 6.690
33.70 6.048 30.052 27.503 27.503 23.632 19.989 15.861 11.247 6.147
34.00 6.040 29.958 27.409 27.409 23.538 19.896 15.767 11.153 6.053
35.00 6.004 29.537 26.987 26.987 23.117 19.474 15.346 10.732 5.632

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

35.30 6.000 29.491 26.941 26.941 23.070 19.428 15.299 10.685 5.585
38.00 5.920 28.564 26.014 26.014 22.144 18.501 14.373 9.759 4.659
40.00 5.836 27.605 25.055 25.055 21.185 17.542 13.414 8.800 3.700

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

41.00 5.820 27.424 24.874 24.874 21.004 17.361 13.233 8.619 3.519
44.00 5.720 26.303 23.753 23.753 19.883 16.240 12.112 7.498 2.398

7.625 20.00 7.125 43.834 41.284 41.284 37.413 33.771 29.642 25.028 19.929
24.00 7.025 42.459 39.909 39.909 36.039 32.396 28.268 23.654 18.554
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volume for Tubing inside of Casing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units

Outside Internal
Weight Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft)
Diameter Diameter
in lb/ft in bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

26.40 6.990 41.983 39.433 39.433 35.562 31.920 27.791 23.177 18.078
29.70 6.875 40.434 37.884 37.884 34.014 30.371 26.243 21.628 16.529
33.70 6.765 38.976 36.427 36.427 32.556 28.913 24.785 20.171 15.071
36.00 6.705 38.191 35.641 35.641 31.771 28.128 24.000 19.386 14.286
38.00 6.655 37.542 34.993 34.993 31.122 27.480 23.351 18.737 13.637
39.00 6.625 37.155 34.606 34.606 30.735 27.093 22.964 18.350 13.250
45.30 6.435 34.745 32.195 32.195 28.325 24.682 20.554 15.940 10.840

7.75 46.10 6.560 36.323 33.773 33.773 29.903 26.260 22.132 17.518 12.418
58

8 26.00 7.386 47.513 44.963 44.963 41.092 37.450 33.321 28.707 23.608

8.125 28.00 7.485 48.943 46.393 46.393 42.523 38.880 34.752 30.137 25.038
32.00 7.385 47.498 44.949 44.949 41.078 37.435 33.307 28.693 23.593
35.50 7.285 46.073 43.523 43.523 39.653 36.010 31.882 27.268 22.168
39.50 7.185 44.668 42.118 42.118 38.248 34.605 30.476 25.862 20.763

8.625 24.00 8.097 58.206 55.656 55.656 51.786 48.143 44.015 39.401 34.301
28.00 8.017 56.954 54.404 54.404 50.534 46.891 42.763 38.149 33.049
32.00 7.921 55.468 52.918 52.918 49.047 45.405 41.276 36.662 31.562
36.00 7.825 53.999 51.449 51.449 47.579 43.936 39.808 35.194 30.094
38.00 7.775 53.242 50.692 50.692 46.821 43.179 39.050 34.436 29.336
40.00 7.725 52.489 49.939 49.939 46.069 42.426 38.297 33.683 28.584
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volume for Tubing inside of Casing
English Units

Outside Internal
Weight Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft)
Diameter Diameter
in lb/ft in bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

43.00 7.651 51.384 48.834 48.834 44.963 41.321 37.192 32.578 27.478
44.00 7.625 50.998 48.448 48.448 44.577 40.935 36.806 32.192 27.093
48.00 7.537 49.702 47.152 47.152 43.281 39.639 35.510 30.896 25.796
49.00 7.511 49.322 46.772 46.772 42.901 39.259 35.130 30.516 25.416

8.75 49.70 7.636 51.161 48.611 48.611 44.741 41.098 36.969 32.355 27.256
59

9 34.00 8.290 61.278 58.728 58.728 54.858 51.215 47.087 42.473 37.373
38.00 8.196 59.773 57.223 57.223 53.353 49.710 45.582 40.968 35.868
40.00 8.150 59.043 56.493 56.493 52.622 48.980 44.851 40.237 35.137
45.00 8.032 57.188 54.638 54.638 50.768 47.125 42.996 38.382 33.283
50.20 7.910 55.298 52.749 52.749 48.878 45.236 41.107 36.493 31.393
55.00 7.812 53.802 51.252 51.252 47.382 43.739 39.610 34.996 29.897

9.625 29.30 9.063 74.308 71.758 71.758 67.888 64.245 60.117 55.503 50.403

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

32.30 9.001 73.220 70.671 70.671 66.800 63.157 59.029 54.415 49.315
36.00 8.921 71.828 69.278 69.278 65.407 61.765 57.636 53.022 47.923
38.00 8.885 71.205 68.655 68.655 64.785 61.142 57.014 52.400 47.300

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

40.00 8.835 70.344 67.795 67.795 63.924 60.281 56.153 51.539 46.439
42.00 8.799 69.728 67.178 67.178 63.307 59.665 55.536 50.922 45.823
43.50 8.755 68.977 66.428 66.428 62.557 58.915 54.786 50.172 45.072
47.00 8.681 67.724 65.174 65.174 61.304 57.661 53.533 48.919 43.819
53.50 8.535 65.282 62.733 62.733 58.862 55.220 51.091 46.477 41.377
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volume for Tubing inside of Casing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units

Outside Internal
Weight Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft)
Diameter Diameter
in lb/ft in bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

58.40 8.435 63.634 61.084 61.084 57.214 53.571 49.443 44.829 39.729
61.10 8.375 62.654 60.104 60.104 56.234 52.591 48.463 43.849 38.749
71.80 8.125 58.647 56.097 56.097 52.227 48.584 44.456 39.842 34.742

9.75 59.20 8.560 65.698 63.148 63.148 59.277 55.635 51.506 46.892 41.792

9.875 62.80 8.625 66.783 64.233 64.233 60.362 56.720 52.591 47.977 42.878

10 33.00 9.384 80.060 77.511 77.511 73.640 69.997 65.869 61.255 56.155
60

41.50 9.200 76.739 74.189 74.189 70.319 66.676 62.547 57.933 52.834
45.50 9.120 75.315 72.765 72.765 68.895 65.252 61.124 56.510 51.410
50.50 9.016 73.483 70.933 70.933 67.063 63.420 59.292 54.678 49.578
55.50 8.908 71.603 69.053 69.053 65.182 61.540 57.411 52.797 47.697
61.20 8.790 69.574 67.024 67.024 63.154 59.511 55.383 50.769 45.669

10.75 32.75 10.192 95.425 92.875 92.875 89.005 85.362 81.234 76.620 71.520
35.75 10.136 94.319 91.770 91.770 87.899 84.256 80.128 75.514 70.414
40.50 10.050 92.633 90.083 90.083 86.213 82.570 78.442 73.828 68.728
45.50 9.950 90.690 88.140 88.140 84.270 80.627 76.499 71.885 66.785
48.00 9.902 89.765 87.215 87.215 83.344 79.702 75.573 70.959 65.860
51.00 9.850 88.767 86.217 86.217 82.347 78.704 74.576 69.962 64.862
54.00 9.784 87.508 84.958 84.958 81.088 77.445 73.317 68.703 63.603
55.50 9.760 87.053 84.503 84.503 80.632 76.990 72.861 68.247 63.147
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volume for Tubing inside of Casing
English Units

Outside Internal
Weight Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft)
Diameter Diameter
in lb/ft in bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

60.70 9.660 85.166 82.616 82.616 78.746 75.103 70.975 66.361 61.261
65.70 9.560 83.299 80.749 80.749 76.879 73.236 69.108 64.494 59.394
71.10 9.450 81.268 78.718 78.718 74.848 71.205 67.077 62.462 57.363
76.00 9.350 79.442 76.892 76.892 73.021 69.379 65.250 60.636 55.536
81.00 9.250 77.635 75.085 75.085 71.215 67.572 63.444 58.829 53.730
61

11.75 38.00 11.150 115.286 112.736 112.736 108.866 105.223 101.094 96.480 91.381
42.00 11.084 113.860 111.310 111.310 107.440 103.797 99.669 95.055 89.955
47.00 11.000 112.058 109.508 109.508 105.638 101.995 97.867 93.253 88.153
54.00 10.880 109.508 106.958 106.958 103.088 99.445 95.317 90.702 85.603
60.00 10.772 107.236 104.686 104.686 100.816 97.173 93.045 88.431 83.331
65.00 10.682 105.361 102.811 102.811 98.941 95.298 91.169 86.555 81.456
71.00 10.586 103.377 100.828 100.828 96.957 93.315 89.186 84.572 79.472

11.875 71.80 10.711 105.963 103.414 103.414 99.543 95.900 91.772 87.158 82.058

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

12 40.00 11.384 120.408 117.858 117.858 113.988 110.345 106.217 101.602 96.503

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

12.75 43.00 12.130 137.447 134.897 134.897 131.027 127.384 123.256 118.642 113.542
53.00 11.970 133.702 131.152 131.152 127.281 123.639 119.510 114.896 109.796

13 40.00 12.438 144.798 142.248 142.248 138.378 134.735 130.606 125.992 120.893
45.00 12.360 142.919 140.369 140.369 136.499 132.856 128.728 124.113 119.014
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volume for Tubing inside of Casing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units

Outside Internal
Weight Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 ft)
Diameter Diameter
in lb/ft in bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls bbls

50.00 12.282 141.052 138.502 138.502 134.632 130.989 126.860 122.246 117.147
54.00 12.220 139.576 137.026 137.026 133.156 129.513 125.385 120.771 115.671
(Upsets & couplings not included)
anchor
anchor
62
 Annular Volume for Tubing Inside of Casing
Metric Units

Outside
Weight Internal Diameter Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 m)
Diameter
mm kg/m mm Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

Tubing Diameter (mm)

26.67 33.401 42.164 48.26 60.325 73.025 73.025

114.300 14.14 103.89 7.913 7.596 7.076 6.643 5.615 4.286 4.286
15.62 102.92 7.757 7.439 6.919 6.487 5.458 4.129 4.129
16.37 102.26 7.650 7.333 6.813 6.380 5.352 4.023 4.023
63

17.26 101.60 7.545 7.227 6.707 6.275 5.246 3.917 3.917

18.75 100.53 7.375 7.058 6.538 6.105 5.077 3.748 3.748
20.09 99.57 7.224 6.906 6.387 5.954 4.925 3.596 3.596
22.47 97.18 6.855 6.538 6.018 5.585 4.557 3.227 3.227
24.70 95.35 6.579 6.261 5.741 5.309 4.280 2.951 2.951
26.34 93.90 6.363 6.046 5.526 5.094 4.065 2.736 2.736
27.97 92.46 6.152 5.834 5.315 4.882 3.853 2.524 2.524

120.650 23.81 103.68 7.880 7.563 7.043 6.610 5.582 4.253 4.253

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Tubing Diameter (mm)
33.401 42.164 48.26 60.325 73.025 73.025 88.9

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

127.000 17.11 115.82 9.655 9.135 8.702 7.674 6.345 6.345 4.327
19.34 114.15 9.352 8.832 8.400 7.371 6.042 6.042 4.024
22.32 111.96 8.964 8.445 8.012 6.984 5.654 5.654 3.636
26.78 108.61 8.384 7.864 7.431 6.403 5.074 5.074 3.056
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volume for Tubing Inside of Casing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Metric Units

Outside
Weight Internal Diameter Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 m)
Diameter
mm kg/m mm Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

30.21 106.27 7.990 7.470 7.037 6.009 4.680 4.680 2.662

31.25 105.51 7.863 7.343 6.911 5.882 4.553 4.553 2.535
34.52 102.72 7.406 6.887 6.454 5.426 4.096 4.096 2.078

139.700 19.34 128.12 12.009 11.489 11.056 10.028 8.699 8.699 6.681
20.83 127.30 11.846 11.326 10.893 9.865 8.536 8.536 6.518
22.32 126.34 11.654 11.134 10.701 9.673 8.343 8.343 6.326
23.06 125.73 11.533 11.013 10.581 9.552 8.223 8.223 6.205
25.30 124.26 11.244 10.724 10.292 9.263 7.934 7.934 5.916
64

29.76 121.36 10.686 10.166 9.733 8.705 7.376 7.376 5.358

34.22 118.62 10.169 9.649 9.217 8.188 6.859 6.859 4.841
38.69 115.52 9.599 9.080 8.647 7.619 6.289 6.289 4.271

Tubing Diameter (mm)

42.164 48.26 60.325 73.025 73.025 88.9 101.6

146.050 20.83 134.37 12.777 12.344 11.315 9.986 9.986 7.968 6.069
25.30 131.83 12.246 11.813 10.785 9.455 9.455 7.438 5.538
29.76 129.29 11.725 11.292 10.264 8.935 8.935 6.917 5.018
33.48 126.75 11.215 10.782 9.754 8.424 8.424 6.406 4.507
37.50 124.21 10.714 10.282 9.253 7.924 7.924 5.906 4.007

(Upsets & couplings not included)

 Annular Volume for Tubing Inside of Casing
Metric Units

Outside
Weight Internal Diameter Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 m)
Diameter
mm kg/m mm Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

Tubing Diameter (mm)

48.26 60.325 73.025 73.025 88.9 101.6 114.3

152.400 22.32 140.31 13.625 12.597 11.268 11.268 9.250 7.351 5.198
23.81 139.70 13.491 12.463 11.134 11.134 9.116 7.217 5.064
25.30 138.43 13.214 12.186 10.856 10.856 8.839 6.939 4.787
65

26.78 137.77 13.071 12.043 10.713 10.713 8.695 6.796 4.644

29.76 135.94 12.678 11.650 10.320 10.320 8.302 6.403 4.251
34.22 133.10 12.077 11.049 9.719 9.719 7.702 5.802 3.650
38.69 130.56 11.552 10.523 9.194 9.194 7.176 5.277 3.124

Tubing Diameter (mm)

60.325 73.025 73.025 88.9 101.6 114.3 127

168.275 19.34 158.88 16.958 15.628 15.628 13.610 11.711 9.559 7.153

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

25.30 155.83 16.205 14.875 14.875 12.857 10.958 8.806 6.400
29.76 153.64 15.674 14.345 14.345 12.327 10.428 8.275 5.870
32.74 152.12 15.308 13.979 13.979 11.961 10.062 7.910 5.504

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

35.71 150.39 14.898 13.569 13.569 11.551 9.652 7.499 5.094
38.69 148.72 14.504 13.175 13.175 11.157 9.258 7.106 4.700
41.66 147.09 14.127 12.798 12.798 10.780 8.881 6.728 4.323
43.15 146.33 13.951 12.622 12.622 10.604 8.705 6.553 4.147
47.62 144.15 13.453 12.124 12.124 10.106 8.207 6.055 3.649
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volume for Tubing Inside of Casing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Metric Units

Outside
Weight Internal Diameter Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 m)
Diameter
mm kg/m mm Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

50.59 142.11 12.997 11.667 11.667 9.650 7.750 5.598 3.193

177.800 25.30 166.07 18.791 17.462 17.462 15.444 13.545 11.392 8.987
29.76 163.98 18.251 16.922 16.922 14.904 13.005 10.853 8.447
32.74 162.51 17.874 16.545 16.545 14.527 12.628 10.475 8.070
34.22 161.70 17.667 16.338 16.338 14.320 12.421 10.268 7.863
35.71 160.93 17.474 16.145 16.145 14.127 12.228 10.075 7.670
38.69 159.41 17.091 15.761 15.761 13.744 11.845 9.692 7.287
41.66 157.84 16.699 15.369 15.369 13.351 11.452 9.300 6.894
66

43.15 157.07 16.510 15.181 15.181 13.163 11.264 9.112 6.706

44.64 156.31 16.323 14.993 14.993 12.976 11.077 8.924 6.519
47.62 154.79 15.951 14.621 14.621 12.603 10.704 8.552 6.146
50.14 153.62 15.668 14.338 14.338 12.321 10.422 8.269 5.864
50.59 153.42 15.619 14.289 14.289 12.272 10.373 8.220 5.815
52.08 152.50 15.399 14.070 14.070 12.052 10.153 8.001 5.595
52.53 152.40 15.375 14.046 14.046 12.028 10.129 7.976 5.571
56.54 150.37 14.892 13.563 13.563 11.545 9.646 7.493 5.088
59.52 148.23 14.392 13.063 13.063 11.045 9.146 6.993 4.588
61.01 147.83 14.297 12.968 12.968 10.950 9.051 6.899 4.493
65.47 145.29 13.713 12.384 12.384 10.366 8.467 6.314 3.909

193.675 29.76 180.98 22.853 21.523 21.523 19.506 17.606 15.454 13.049
35.71 178.44 22.136 20.807 20.807 18.789 16.890 14.737 12.332
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volume for Tubing Inside of Casing
Metric Units

Outside
Weight Internal Diameter Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 m)
Diameter
mm kg/m mm Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

39.28 177.55 21.888 20.558 20.558 18.541 16.641 14.489 12.084

44.19 174.63 21.080 19.751 19.751 17.733 15.834 13.682 11.276
50.14 171.83 20.320 18.991 18.991 16.973 15.074 12.922 10.516
53.57 170.31 19.911 18.582 18.582 16.564 14.665 12.512 10.107
56.54 169.04 19.573 18.243 18.243 16.226 14.326 12.174 9.769
58.03 168.28 19.371 18.042 18.042 16.024 14.125 11.972 9.567
67

67.41 163.45 18.114 16.785 16.785 14.767 12.868 10.716 8.310

196.850 68.60 166.62 18.937 17.608 17.608 15.590 13.691 11.538 9.133

203.200 38.69 187.60 24.771 23.441 23.441 21.424 19.524 17.372 14.967

206.375 41.66 190.12 25.516 24.187 24.187 22.169 20.270 18.118 15.712
47.62 187.58 24.763 23.434 23.434 21.416 19.517 17.365 14.959
52.82 185.04 24.020 22.691 22.691 20.673 18.774 16.622 14.216

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

58.78 182.50 23.288 21.958 21.958 19.940 18.041 15.889 13.483

219.075 35.71 205.66 30.346 29.016 29.016 26.999 25.100 22.947 20.542

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

41.66 203.63 29.693 28.364 28.364 26.346 24.447 22.294 19.889
47.62 201.19 28.918 27.589 27.589 25.571 23.672 21.519 19.114
53.57 198.76 28.153 26.823 26.823 24.805 22.906 20.754 18.348
56.54 197.49 27.758 26.428 26.428 24.410 22.511 20.359 17.953
59.52 196.22 27.365 26.036 26.036 24.018 22.119 19.966 17.561
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volume for Tubing Inside of Casing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Metric Units

Outside
Weight Internal Diameter Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 m)
Diameter
mm kg/m mm Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

63.98 194.34 26.789 25.459 25.459 23.442 21.543 19.390 16.985

65.47 193.68 26.588 25.258 25.258 23.240 21.341 19.189 16.783
71.42 191.44 25.912 24.583 24.583 22.565 20.666 18.513 16.108
72.91 190.78 25.714 24.384 24.384 22.367 20.468 18.315 15.910

222.250 73.95 193.95 26.673 25.343 25.343 23.326 21.426 19.274 16.868

228.600 50.59 210.57 31.948 30.618 30.618 28.600 26.701 24.549 22.143
56.54 208.18 31.163 29.833 29.833 27.816 25.916 23.764 21.358
68

59.52 207.01 30.782 29.453 29.453 27.435 25.536 23.383 20.978

66.96 204.01 29.815 28.486 28.486 26.468 24.569 22.416 20.011
74.70 200.91 28.830 27.501 27.501 25.483 23.584 21.431 19.026
81.84 198.42 28.050 26.720 26.720 24.702 22.803 20.651 18.245

244.475 43.60 230.20 38.741 37.411 37.411 35.394 33.494 31.342 28.937
48.06 228.63 38.174 36.844 36.844 34.826 32.927 30.775 28.369
53.57 226.59 37.447 36.118 36.118 34.100 32.201 30.049 27.643
56.54 225.68 37.123 35.793 35.793 33.776 31.876 29.724 27.319
59.52 224.41 36.674 35.345 35.345 33.327 31.428 29.275 26.870
62.50 223.49 36.353 35.023 35.023 33.005 31.106 28.954 26.548
64.73 222.38 35.961 34.632 34.632 32.614 30.715 28.563 26.157
69.94 220.50 35.308 33.979 33.979 31.961 30.062 27.909 25.504
79.61 216.79 34.035 32.706 32.706 30.688 28.789 26.636 24.231
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volume for Tubing Inside of Casing
Metric Units

Outside
Weight Internal Diameter Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 m)
Diameter
mm kg/m mm Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

86.90 214.25 33.176 31.846 31.846 29.828 27.929 25.777 23.371

90.92 212.73 32.665 31.336 31.336 29.318 27.419 25.266 22.861
106.84 206.38 30.576 29.246 29.246 27.229 25.330 23.177 20.772

247.650 88.09 217.42 34.252 32.922 32.922 30.904 29.005 26.853 24.447
69

250.825 93.45 219.08 34.817 33.488 33.488 31.470 29.571 27.419 25.013

254.000 49.10 238.35 41.740 40.410 40.410 38.392 36.493 34.341 31.935
61.75 233.68 40.008 38.678 38.678 36.661 34.762 32.609 30.204
67.70 231.65 39.266 37.936 37.936 35.918 34.019 31.867 29.461
75.14 229.01 38.310 36.981 36.981 34.963 33.064 30.912 28.506
82.58 226.26 37.330 36.001 36.001 33.983 32.084 29.931 27.526
91.06 223.27 36.272 34.943 34.943 32.925 31.026 28.874 26.468

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

273.050 48.73 258.88 49.750 48.421 48.421 46.403 44.504 42.351 39.946
53.20 257.45 49.174 47.844 47.844 45.826 43.927 41.775 39.369
60.26 255.27 48.294 46.965 46.965 44.947 43.048 40.896 38.490

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

67.70 252.73 47.281 45.952 45.952 43.934 42.035 39.883 37.477
71.42 251.51 46.799 45.470 45.470 43.452 41.553 39.400 36.995
75.89 250.19 46.279 44.949 44.949 42.932 41.032 38.880 36.475
80.35 248.51 45.622 44.293 44.293 42.275 40.376 38.224 35.818
82.58 247.90 45.385 44.056 44.056 42.038 40.139 37.986 35.581
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volume for Tubing Inside of Casing

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Metric Units

Outside
Weight Internal Diameter Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 m)
Diameter
mm kg/m mm Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

90.32 245.36 44.401 43.072 43.072 41.054 39.155 37.003 34.597

97.76 242.82 43.428 42.099 42.099 40.081 38.182 36.029 33.624
105.80 240.03 42.369 41.040 41.040 39.022 37.123 34.970 32.565
113.09 237.49 41.417 40.088 40.088 38.070 36.171 34.018 31.613
120.53 234.95 40.475 39.146 39.146 37.128 35.229 33.076 30.671

298.450 56.54 283.21 60.104 58.775 58.775 56.757 54.858 52.706 50.300
62.50 281.53 59.361 58.032 58.032 56.014 54.115 51.963 49.557
69.94 279.40 58.422 57.092 57.092 55.075 53.175 51.023 48.618
70

80.35 276.35 57.092 55.763 55.763 53.745 51.846 49.693 47.288

89.28 273.61 55.908 54.578 54.578 52.561 50.661 48.509 46.104
96.72 271.32 54.930 53.601 53.601 51.583 49.684 47.531 45.126
105.65 268.88 53.896 52.567 52.567 50.549 48.650 46.497 44.092

301.625 106.84 272.06 55.244 53.915 53.915 51.897 49.998 47.845 45.440

304.800 59.52 289.15 62.775 61.445 61.445 59.428 57.528 55.376 52.971

323.850 63.98 308.10 71.658 70.329 70.329 68.311 66.412 64.260 61.854
78.86 304.04 69.705 68.376 68.376 66.358 64.459 62.307 59.901

330.200 59.52 315.93 75.490 74.161 74.161 72.143 70.244 68.092 65.686
66.96 313.94 74.511 73.181 73.181 71.164 69.265 67.112 64.707
(Upsets & couplings not included)
 Annular Volume for Tubing Inside of Casing
Metric Units

Outside
Weight Internal Diameter Annular Volume (barrels per 1,000 m)
Diameter
mm kg/m mm Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters Liters

74.40 311.96 73.537 72.208 72.208 70.190 68.291 66.139 63.733

80.35 310.39 72.768 71.439 71.439 69.421 67.522 65.369 62.964
(Upsets & couplings not included)
anchor
anchor
anchor
71

Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Pipe Sizes, Volumes & Displacements

This page left blank for printing purposes.

72
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Performance Data

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

The columns in the following tables are defined as:

Outside Diameter Nominal OD of the CT

Wall Thickness Nominal Nominal wall thickness

Wall Thickness Minimum Minimum wall thickness

Weight Weight of the CT per unit length

Axial load at which new straight CT will yield with

no internal or external pressure. See the “Stress
Limits” description for pressure correction. Axial
Yield Load
load is not the same as “weight” read on a weight
indicator. See the “Stress Limits” description for
clarification.

Internal pressure at which yielding begins in new

Yield Pressure
straight pipe with no axial load applied

Torque at which new straight CT will yield with no

Yield Torque internal or external pressure, and no axial load
applied

The amount of elastic stretch for new straight CT

Elastic Stretch of a certain length (1,000 ft. or 1,000 m) when a
certain axial load is applied (1,000 lb. or 1,000 kg.)

External pressure at which new straight CT with

Collapse Pressure Fa = 0 0%, 2% and 4% ovality will collapse with no inter-
nal pressure and no axial load

External pressure at which new straight CT with

0%, 2% and 4% ovality will collapse with no inter-
Collapse Pressure Fa = Fy/2
nal pressure and a tensile axial load of half the
yield load

Equations
The cross sectional area of the steel is:

A = π ( ro2 − ri 2 )
The yield load is:

Fy = Aσ y
The yield pressure assuming the minimum wall thickness is:

σ y tmin
Py =
ro

1
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Performance Data

The yield torque for steel is:

Ty =
(
0.5773σ yπ ro4 − ( ro − tmin )
4
)
2ro
The elastic stretch for CT that has never been bent is:

Fa L
δ af =
AE
The ovality is defined as:

ro − max − ro − min
φ=
ro
The collapse calculation is based on the equations in reference 1. Due to their length these
equations are not reproduced in this handbook.

Nomenclature
A = cross sectional area of the CT wall = Ao - AI
AI = internal cross sectional area of CT = πri2

Ao = external cross sectional area of CT = πro2

E = modulus of elasticity - 27 x 106 psi used for tables

Fy = axial yield load of the CT
L = length of the CT section
Py = internal pressure required to yield the CT
rI = internal radius of the CT
ro = nominal external radius of the CT
ro-max = the largest radius for oval tubing
ro-min = the smallest radius for oval tubing
t = nominal wall thickness of the CT = ro-rI
tmin = minimum wall thickness of the CT
Ty = yield torque
δaf = stretch due to axial force
φ = ovality of the CT

References
API Recommended Practice 5C7, First Edition: “Recommended Practice for Coiled Tubing
Operations in Oil and Gas Well Services”, December 1996

2
 Grade 70
70,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft * psi psi psi psi psi psi

1.000 0.087 0.082 0.85 16,554 11,480 338 0.1484 10,539 7,213 6,442 4,409 5,146 3,522
1.000 0.095 0.090 0.92 18,011 12,600 362 0.1371 11,466 7,847 7,257 4,967 5,859 4,010
3

1.000 0.102 0.097 0.98 19,262 13,580 382 0.1287 12,263 8,393 7,978 5,460 6,496 4,446
1.000 0.109 0.104 1.04 20,492 14,560 401 0.1214 13,046 8,929 8,705 5,957 7,143 4,889

1.250 0.087 0.082 1.08 21,062 9,184 556 0.1165 7,974 5,458 4,671 3,197 3,655 2,502
1.250 0.095 0.090 1.17 22,959 10,080 598 0.1074 9,335 6,389 5,437 3,721 4,279 2,928
1.250 0.102 0.097 1.25 24,595 10,864 634 0.1007 10,021 6,858 5,999 4,106 4,762 3,259
1.250 0.109 0.104 1.33 26,210 11,648 668 0.0948 10,679 7,309 6,564 4,492 5,252 3,595
1.250 0.118 0.113 1.43 28,254 12,265 710 0.0883 11,512 7,879 7,298 4,995 5,895 4,035
1.250 0.125 0.117 1.50 29,152 13,104 728 0.0838 11,877 8,129 7,627 5,220 6,185 4,233
1.250 0.134 0.126 1.60 31,145 14,112 767 0.0788 12,690 8,685 8,372 5,730 6,846 4,685

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

1.250 0.145 0.140 1.71 34,174 15,680 823 0.0736 13,924 9,530 9,540 6,530 7,894 5,402
1.250 0.156 0.148 1.82 35,867 16,576 853 0.0691 14,613 10,002 10,212 6,989 8,501 5,819

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

1.250 0.175 0.167 2.01 39,773 18,704 919 0.0627 16,205 11,091 11,810 8,083 9,965 6,820

1.500 0.095 0.090 1.42 27,907 8,400 893 0.0883 6,784 4,643 4,016 2,748 3,129 2,141
1.500 0.102 0.097 1.52 29,928 9,053 949 0.0827 7,776 5,322 4,561 3,122 3,566 2,441
1.500 0.109 0.104 1.62 31,928 9,707 1,003 0.0778 8,768 6,001 5,116 3,501 4,016 2,749
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 70
70,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft * psi psi psi psi psi psi

1.500 0.118 0.113 1.74 34,467 10,547 1,070 0.0723 9,752 6,675 5,773 3,951 4,566 3,125
1.500 0.125 0.117 1.83 35,584 10,920 1,099 0.0686 10,068 6,891 6,039 4,133 4,797 3,283
1.500 0.134 0.126 1.95 38,072 11,760 1,162 0.0644 10,772 7,373 6,645 4,548 5,323 3,643
1.500 0.145 0.140 2.10 41,871 13,067 1,255 0.0600 11,847 8,108 7,599 5,201 6,161 4,216
1.500 0.156 0.148 2.24 44,003 13,813 1,305 0.0562 12,450 8,521 8,150 5,578 6,649 4,551
4

1.500 0.175 0.167 2.47 48,955 15,587 1,417 0.0508 13,851 9,480 9,471 6,482 7,831 5,359

1.750 0.102 0.097 1.79 35,261 7,760 1,329 0.0701 5,812 3,978 3,489 2,388 2,712 1,856
1.750 0.109 0.104 1.91 37,645 8,320 1,408 0.0659 6,662 4,560 3,949 2,703 3,076 2,105
1.750 0.118 0.113 2.05 40,679 9,040 1,506 0.0612 7,755 5,308 4,550 3,114 3,557 2,435
1.750 0.125 0.117 2.17 42,017 9,360 1,548 0.0580 8,241 5,641 4,820 3,299 3,776 2,584
1.750 0.134 0.126 2.31 44,999 10,080 1,641 0.0544 9,335 6,389 5,437 3,721 4,279 2,928

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

1.750 0.145 0.140 2.48 49,568 11,200 1,779 0.0507 10,304 7,052 6,240 4,271 4,971 3,402
1.750 0.156 0.148 2.65 52,140 11,840 1,855 0.0474 10,839 7,418 6,703 4,587 5,373 3,678

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

1.750 0.175 0.167 2.94 58,136 13,360 2,025 0.0428 12,085 8,271 7,815 5,349 6,352 4,347
1.750 0.188 0.180 3.13 62,147 14,400 2,133 0.0401 12,919 8,842 8,586 5,876 7,036 4,816

2.000 0.109 0.104 2.20 43,363 7,280 1,880 0.0572 5,083 3,479 3,099 2,121 2,406 1,647
2.000 0.118 0.113 2.37 46,892 7,910 2,015 0.0531 6,040 4,134 3,612 2,472 2,809 1,922
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 70
70,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft * psi psi psi psi psi psi

2.000 0.125 0.117 2.50 48,449 8,190 2,074 0.0503 6,465 4,425 3,842 2,630 2,991 2,047
2.000 0.134 0.126 2.67 51,926 8,820 2,203 0.0471 7,421 5,079 4,365 2,988 3,409 2,333
5

2.000 0.145 0.140 2.87 57,265 9,800 2,396 0.0438 8,910 6,098 5,196 3,556 4,082 2,793
2.000 0.156 0.148 3.07 60,277 10,360 2,502 0.0410 9,593 6,566 5,640 3,860 4,452 3,047
2.000 0.175 0.167 3.41 67,317 11,690 2,743 0.0369 10,714 7,333 6,594 4,513 5,279 3,613
2.000 0.188 0.180 3.63 72,043 12,600 2,898 0.0346 11,466 7,847 7,257 4,967 5,859 4,010
2.000 0.203 0.198 3.89 78,464 13,860 3,101 0.0323 12,488 8,547 8,185 5,602 6,679 4,572

2.375 0.125 0.117 3.00 58,098 6,897 3,008 0.0419 4,501 3,081 2,789 1,909 2,167 1,483
2.375 0.134 0.126 3.20 62,317 7,427 3,202 0.0393 5,307 3,632 3,218 2,203 2,500 1,711
2.375 0.145 0.140 3.45 68,810 8,253 3,495 0.0365 6,560 4,490 3,894 2,665 3,032 2,075
2.375 0.156 0.151 3.69 73,852 8,901 3,717 0.0341 7,544 5,164 4,433 3,034 3,463 2,370

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

2.375 0.175 0.170 4.11 82,434 10,021 4,083 0.0306 9,245 6,328 5,386 3,686 4,237 2,900
2.375 0.188 0.183 4.39 88,214 10,787 4,323 0.0287 9,956 6,814 5,944 4,068 4,715 3,227

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

2.375 0.203 0.198 4.70 94,792 11,672 4,588 0.0267 10,699 7,322 6,581 4,504 5,267 3,605
2.375 0.236 0.231 5.39 108,914 13,617 5,129 0.0234 12,292 8,413 8,005 5,479 6,520 4,462

2.625 0.145 0.140 3.84 76,507 7,467 4,343 0.0328 5,366 3,673 3,250 2,225 2,524 1,728
2.625 0.156 0.151 4.11 82,153 8,053 4,625 0.0306 6,257 4,282 3,730 2,553 2,902 1,986
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 70
70,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft * psi psi psi psi psi psi

2.625 0.175 0.170 4.57 91,780 9,067 5,093 0.0275 7,796 5,336 4,572 3,129 3,576 2,447
2.625 0.188 0.183 4.89 98,275 9,760 5,400 0.0257 8,849 6,056 5,161 3,533 4,054 2,774
2.625 0.203 0.198 5.25 105,678 10,560 5,742 0.0240 9,763 6,682 5,782 3,957 4,575 3,131
2.625 0.236 0.231 6.02 121,614 12,320 6,446 0.0209 11,236 7,690 7,052 4,827 5,679 3,887
6

2.875 0.156 0.151 4.53 90,455 7,353 5,633 0.0278 5,194 3,555 3,158 2,161 2,452 1,679
2.875 0.175 0.170 5.04 101,126 8,278 6,215 0.0250 6,599 4,516 3,915 2,679 3,049 2,087
2.875 0.188 0.183 5.39 108,336 8,911 6,599 0.0233 7,560 5,174 4,442 3,040 3,470 2,375
2.875 0.203 0.198 5.79 116,563 9,642 7,027 0.0217 8,669 5,933 5,060 3,463 3,971 2,718
2.875 0.236 0.231 6.64 134,314 11,249 7,916 0.0189 10,345 7,080 6,275 4,295 5,001 3,423

3.500 0.156 0.151 5.57 111,209 6,040 8,590 0.0226 3,200 2,190 2,095 1,434 1,639 1,122

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

3.500 0.175 0.170 6.21 124,492 6,800 9,512 0.0203 4,354 2,980 2,711 1,855 2,106 1,442
3.500 0.188 0.183 6.64 133,489 7,320 10,125 0.0189 5,144 3,520 3,131 2,143 2,432 1,664

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

3.500 0.203 0.198 7.14 143,777 7,920 10,812 0.0176 6,055 4,144 3,620 2,478 2,815 1,927
3.500 0.236 0.231 8.22 166,064 9,240 12,257 0.0153 8,059 5,516 4,719 3,229 3,694 2,528

4.500 0.204 0.199 9.35 188,222 6,191 18,652 0.0135 3,429 2,347 2,218 1,518 1,732 1,185
4.500 0.224 0.219 10.22 206,176 6,813 20,251 0.0123 4,374 2,994 2,722 1,863 2,115 1,447
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 70
70,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft * psi psi psi psi psi psi

4.500 0.236 0.231 10.74 216,863 7,187 21,188 0.0117 4,941 3,382 3,023 2,069 2,348 1,607
4.500 0.250 0.245 11.34 229,252 7,622 22,260 0.0111 5,603 3,834 3,377 2,311 2,624 1,796
7

6.625 0.280 0.270 18.95 377,335 5,706 55,430 0.0066 3,199 2,190 2,003 1,371 1,546 1,058
6.625 0.300 0.288 20.24 401,351 6,086 58,640 0.0062 3,270 2,238 2,132 1,459 1,667 1,141
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
 Grade 70
483 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Pressure Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

25.40 2.21 2.08 1.26 73,574 79,151 458 0.3273 72,661 49,730 44,417 30,399 35,482 24,284
25.40 2.41 2.29 1.36 80,048 86,873 491 0.3024 79,055 54,106 50,034 34,244 40,395 27,647
25.40 2.59 2.46 1.45 85,610 93,630 518 0.2838 84,548 57,866 55,004 37,646 44,785 30,651
25.40 2.77 2.64 1.54 91,077 100,387 543 0.2677 89,947 61,561 60,015 41,075 49,247 33,706
8

31.75 2.21 2.08 1.61 93,610 63,321 753 0.2569 54,979 37,629 32,207 22,043 25,203 17,249
31.75 2.41 2.29 1.74 102,039 69,499 810 0.2369 64,360 44,049 37,486 25,656 29,501 20,191
31.75 2.59 2.46 1.86 109,312 74,904 858 0.2220 69,091 47,287 41,362 28,309 32,833 22,471
31.75 2.77 2.64 1.97 116,489 80,309 905 0.2090 73,628 50,392 45,254 30,973 36,211 24,783
31.75 3.00 2.87 2.12 125,575 87,259 962 0.1946 79,371 54,323 50,316 34,437 40,644 27,817
31.75 3.18 3.05 2.23 132,533 92,665 1,004 0.1849 83,769 57,333 54,291 37,158 44,153 30,219
31.75 3.40 3.28 2.37 141,339 99,615 1,056 0.1738 89,334 61,142 59,441 40,682 48,734 33,354

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

31.75 3.68 3.56 2.54 151,886 108,109 1,115 0.1622 96,001 65,704 65,778 45,019 54,424 37,248
31.75 3.96 3.84 2.71 162,196 116,603 1,171 0.1523 102,518 70,164 72,146 49,378 60,197 41,200

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

31.75 4.45 4.32 2.99 179,448 131,275 1,258 0.1382 113,422 77,627 83,166 56,920 70,315 48,125

38.10 2.41 2.29 2.12 124,030 57,915 1,210 0.1948 46,771 32,011 27,686 18,949 21,572 14,764
38.10 2.59 2.46 2.26 133,013 62,420 1,286 0.1823 53,611 36,692 31,447 21,523 24,590 16,829
38.10 2.77 2.64 2.41 141,901 66,925 1,359 0.1715 60,452 41,374 35,271 24,140 27,691 18,952
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Grade 70
483 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Pressure Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

38.10 3.00 2.87 2.59 153,186 72,716 1,450 0.1594 67,238 46,019 39,800 27,240 31,484 21,548
38.10 3.18 3.05 2.73 161,855 77,221 1,518 0.1512 71,043 48,623 43,025 29,447 34,273 23,457
9

38.10 3.40 3.28 2.91 172,859 83,012 1,602 0.1420 75,873 51,929 47,216 32,315 37,924 25,956
38.10 3.68 3.56 3.12 186,094 90,091 1,700 0.1323 81,682 55,904 52,395 35,860 42,476 29,071
38.10 3.96 3.84 3.33 199,092 97,169 1,793 0.1240 87,388 59,809 57,625 39,439 47,114 32,245
38.10 4.45 4.32 3.68 220,987 109,396 1,942 0.1121 96,998 66,387 66,741 45,679 55,294 37,844

44.45 2.59 2.46 2.67 156,715 53,503 1,800 0.1546 40,070 27,425 24,058 16,466 18,697 12,797
44.45 2.77 2.64 2.84 167,313 57,364 1,907 0.1453 45,933 31,437 27,230 18,637 21,209 14,515
44.45 3.00 2.87 3.06 180,798 62,328 2,039 0.1350 53,472 36,597 31,370 21,470 24,527 16,787
44.45 3.18 3.05 3.22 191,176 66,189 2,139 0.1280 59,335 40,610 34,642 23,710 27,179 18,602
44.45 3.40 3.28 3.44 204,380 71,153 2,264 0.1200 65,908 45,109 38,689 26,479 30,528 20,894

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

44.45 3.68 3.56 3.69 220,302 77,221 2,410 0.1117 71,043 48,623 43,025 29,447 34,273 23,457
44.45 3.96 3.84 3.95 235,988 83,288 2,550 0.1045 76,101 52,085 47,416 32,452 38,099 26,076

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

44.45 4.45 4.32 4.38 262,525 93,768 2,777 0.0943 84,659 57,942 55,106 37,715 44,875 30,713
44.45 4.78 4.65 4.66 280,276 100,938 2,922 0.0885 90,383 61,859 60,426 41,356 49,615 33,957

50.80 2.77 2.64 3.27 192,725 50,193 2,547 0.1261 35,045 23,985 21,366 14,623 16,591 11,355
50.80 3.00 2.87 3.53 208,409 54,537 2,730 0.1171 41,641 28,499 24,904 17,045 19,364 13,253
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Grade 70
483 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Pressure Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

50.80 3.18 3.05 3.72 220,498 57,915 2,868 0.1109 46,771 32,011 27,686 18,949 21,572 14,764
50.80 3.40 3.28 3.97 235,901 62,259 3,042 0.1040 53,367 36,525 31,312 21,430 24,480 16,755
50.80 3.68 3.56 4.27 254,511 67,568 3,246 0.0966 61,429 42,043 35,823 24,518 28,141 19,260
50.80 3.96 3.84 4.57 272,885 72,877 3,443 0.0904 67,375 46,112 39,915 27,318 31,583 21,616
10

50.80 4.45 4.32 5.07 304,064 82,047 3,765 0.0814 75,073 51,381 46,514 31,835 37,310 25,536
50.80 4.78 4.65 5.41 324,991 88,321 3,973 0.0763 80,240 54,917 51,095 34,970 41,329 28,286
50.80 5.16 5.03 5.79 348,727 95,561 4,201 0.0713 86,100 58,928 56,432 38,623 46,053 31,519

60.33 3.18 3.05 4.46 264,480 48,771 4,163 0.0924 32,884 22,507 20,215 13,835 15,698 10,744
60.33 3.40 3.28 4.77 283,181 52,429 4,424 0.0866 38,439 26,308 23,182 15,866 18,009 12,326
60.33 3.68 3.56 5.13 305,824 56,899 4,734 0.0804 45,228 30,955 26,846 18,374 20,903 14,306
60.33 3.96 3.84 5.50 328,229 61,370 5,035 0.0751 52,017 35,601 30,565 20,919 23,879 16,343

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

60.33 4.45 4.32 6.11 366,373 69,092 5,531 0.0675 63,743 43,627 37,135 25,415 29,214 19,994
60.33 4.78 4.65 6.53 392,064 74,376 5,856 0.0632 68,645 46,981 40,984 28,050 32,506 22,247

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

60.33 5.16 5.03 7.00 421,298 80,472 6,214 0.0590 73,763 50,485 45,372 31,053 36,314 24,854
60.33 5.99 5.87 8.01 484,063 93,884 6,948 0.0515 84,753 58,006 55,192 37,774 44,951 30,765

66.68 3.68 3.56 5.71 340,032 51,480 5,883 0.0723 36,999 25,323 22,410 15,338 17,405 11,912
66.68 3.96 3.84 6.11 365,125 55,525 6,265 0.0675 43,141 29,527 25,715 17,599 20,005 13,692
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Grade 70
483 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Pressure Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

66.68 4.45 4.32 6.81 407,911 62,512 6,899 0.0606 53,751 36,788 31,525 21,576 24,652 16,872
11

66.68 4.78 4.65 7.27 436,779 67,292 7,315 0.0567 61,010 41,756 35,586 24,356 27,948 19,128
66.68 5.16 5.03 7.81 469,678 72,808 7,778 0.0529 67,316 46,072 39,866 27,285 31,540 21,587
66.68 5.99 5.87 8.95 540,507 84,943 8,732 0.0461 77,468 53,020 48,622 33,278 39,156 26,799

73.03 3.96 3.84 6.73 402,022 50,697 7,630 0.0613 35,809 24,508 21,774 14,903 16,909 11,573
73.03 4.45 4.32 7.50 449,450 57,076 8,419 0.0550 45,496 31,138 26,992 18,474 21,019 14,386
73.03 4.78 4.65 8.02 481,495 61,441 8,939 0.0515 52,124 35,675 30,624 20,960 23,926 16,376
73.03 5.16 5.03 8.61 518,059 66,477 9,519 0.0479 59,772 40,909 34,888 23,878 27,379 18,739
73.03 5.99 5.87 9.89 596,951 77,556 10,723 0.0417 71,325 48,816 43,267 29,612 34,482 23,600

88.90 3.96 3.84 8.28 494,262 41,644 11,636 0.0498 22,062 15,099 14,443 9,885 11,301 7,734

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

88.90 4.45 4.32 9.24 553,297 46,884 12,885 0.0447 30,019 20,545 18,690 12,792 14,523 9,940
88.90 4.78 4.65 9.88 593,283 50,469 13,715 0.0417 35,463 24,272 21,590 14,776 16,765 11,474

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

88.90 5.16 5.03 10.63 639,010 54,606 14,647 0.0388 41,745 28,571 24,960 17,083 19,409 13,284
88.90 5.99 5.87 12.23 738,061 63,707 16,604 0.0337 55,566 38,030 32,533 22,266 25,467 17,430

114.30 5.18 5.05 13.91 836,542 42,686 25,265 0.0297 23,644 16,182 15,292 10,466 11,939 8,171
114.30 5.69 5.56 15.21 916,336 46,976 27,432 0.0271 30,159 20,641 18,764 12,842 14,580 9,979
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Grade 70
483 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Pressure Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

114.30 5.99 5.87 15.98 963,837 49,550 28,701 0.0258 34,067 23,316 20,845 14,266 16,186 11,078
114.30 6.35 6.22 16.87 1,018,899 52,553 30,154 0.0245 38,628 26,437 23,283 15,935 18,089 12,380

168.28 7.11 6.99 28.20 1,706,757 40,067 76,301 0.0146 20,312 13,902 13,392 9,166 10,484 7,175
12

168.28 7.62 7.49 30.12 1,825,119 42,981 81,103 0.0137 24,093 16,489 15,532 10,631 12,120 8,295
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
 Grade 80
80,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

1.000 0.087 0.082 0.85 18,919 13,120 387 0.1484 12,044 8,243 7,362 5,039 5,881 4,025
13

1.000 0.095 0.090 0.92 20,584 14,400 414 0.1371 13,104 8,969 8,294 5,676 6,696 4,583
1.000 0.102 0.097 0.98 22,014 15,520 437 0.1287 14,015 9,592 9,117 6,240 7,423 5,081
1.000 0.109 0.104 1.04 23,420 16,640 458 0.1214 14,909 10,204 9,948 6,809 8,163 5,587

1.250 0.087 0.082 1.08 24,071 10,496 635 0.1165 8,822 6,038 5,264 3,603 4,130 2,827
1.250 0.095 0.090 1.17 26,239 11,520 684 0.1074 10,395 7,114 6,147 4,207 4,847 3,317
1.250 0.102 0.097 1.25 28,109 12,416 724 0.1007 11,453 7,838 6,856 4,692 5,442 3,725
1.250 0.109 0.104 1.33 29,954 13,312 763 0.0948 12,204 8,353 7,501 5,134 6,002 4,108
1.250 0.118 0.113 1.43 32,291 14,464 811 0.0883 13,156 9,004 8,340 5,708 6,737 4,611
1.250 0.125 0.120 1.50 34,080 15,360 847 0.0838 13,885 9,503 8,999 6,159 7,319 5,009
1.250 0.134 0.129 1.60 36,344 16,512 891 0.0788 14,808 10,135 9,853 6,743 8,078 5,529

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

1.250 0.145 0.140 1.71 39,056 17,920 941 0.0736 15,913 10,891 10,903 7,462 9,021 6,174
1.250 0.156 0.151 1.82 41,708 19,328 988 0.0691 16,993 11,630 11,959 8,185 9,978 6,829

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

1.250 0.175 0.170 2.01 46,144 21,760 1,061 0.0627 18,801 12,867 13,785 9,435 11,655 7,977

1.500 0.095 0.090 1.42 31,893 9,600 1,021 0.0883 7,447 5,097 4,506 3,084 3,524 2,412
1.500 0.102 0.097 1.52 34,203 10,347 1,085 0.0827 8,593 5,881 5,137 3,516 4,028 2,757
1.500 0.109 0.104 1.62 36,489 11,093 1,147 0.0778 9,740 6,666 5,777 3,954 4,545 3,111
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 80
80,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

1.500 0.118 0.113 1.74 39,391 12,053 1,223 0.0723 11,145 7,628 6,597 4,515 5,219 3,572
1.500 0.125 0.120 1.83 41,620 12,800 1,281 0.0686 11,776 8,060 7,132 4,881 5,681 3,888
1.500 0.134 0.129 1.95 44,450 13,760 1,352 0.0644 12,577 8,608 7,826 5,357 6,286 4,302
1.500 0.145 0.140 2.10 47,853 14,933 1,434 0.0600 13,540 9,267 8,685 5,944 7,041 4,819
14

1.500 0.156 0.151 2.24 51,195 16,107 1,513 0.0562 14,485 9,914 9,552 6,537 7,810 5,345
1.500 0.175 0.170 2.47 56,825 18,133 1,638 0.0508 16,078 11,004 11,063 7,572 9,165 6,273

1.750 0.102 0.097 1.79 40,298 8,869 1,519 0.0701 6,324 4,328 3,896 2,667 3,042 2,082
1.750 0.109 0.104 1.91 43,023 9,509 1,609 0.0659 7,306 5,001 4,430 3,032 3,463 2,370
1.750 0.118 0.113 2.05 46,491 10,331 1,721 0.0612 8,570 5,865 5,124 3,507 4,017 2,750
1.750 0.125 0.120 2.17 49,160 10,971 1,805 0.0580 9,552 6,538 5,672 3,882 4,460 3,052
1.750 0.134 0.129 2.31 52,555 11,794 1,910 0.0544 10,816 7,402 6,386 4,371 5,043 3,451

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

1.750 0.145 0.140 2.48 56,649 12,800 2,034 0.0507 11,776 8,060 7,132 4,881 5,681 3,888
1.750 0.156 0.151 2.65 60,683 13,806 2,152 0.0474 12,614 8,634 7,860 5,379 6,315 4,322

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

1.750 0.175 0.170 2.94 67,507 15,543 2,343 0.0428 14,033 9,604 9,134 6,252 7,438 5,091
1.750 0.188 0.183 3.13 72,071 16,731 2,466 0.0401 14,982 10,254 10,016 6,855 8,224 5,629

2.000 0.109 0.104 2.20 49,558 8,320 2,149 0.0572 5,481 3,752 3,441 2,355 2,688 1,840
2.000 0.118 0.113 2.37 53,591 9,040 2,303 0.0531 6,587 4,508 4,039 2,764 3,154 2,159
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 80
80,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

2.000 0.125 0.120 2.50 56,699 9,600 2,420 0.0503 7,447 5,097 4,506 3,084 3,524 2,412
15

2.000 0.134 0.129 2.67 60,660 10,320 2,566 0.0471 8,552 5,853 5,114 3,500 4,010 2,744
2.000 0.145 0.140 2.87 65,446 11,200 2,739 0.0438 9,903 6,778 5,869 4,017 4,620 3,162
2.000 0.156 0.151 3.07 70,170 12,080 2,905 0.0410 11,168 7,644 6,616 4,528 5,235 3,583
2.000 0.175 0.170 3.41 78,188 13,600 3,176 0.0369 12,444 8,517 7,710 5,277 6,185 4,233
2.000 0.188 0.183 3.63 83,569 14,640 3,352 0.0346 13,300 9,103 8,469 5,797 6,851 4,689
2.000 0.203 0.198 3.89 89,673 15,840 3,544 0.0323 14,272 9,768 9,354 6,402 7,634 5,225

2.375 0.125 0.120 3.00 68,009 8,084 3,512 0.0419 5,119 3,504 3,246 2,222 2,538 1,737
2.375 0.134 0.129 3.20 72,818 8,691 3,733 0.0393 6,050 4,141 3,748 2,565 2,927 2,003
2.375 0.145 0.140 3.45 78,640 9,432 3,994 0.0365 7,188 4,920 4,365 2,988 3,412 2,335
2.375 0.156 0.151 3.69 84,402 10,173 4,248 0.0341 8,326 5,698 4,989 3,415 3,909 2,675

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

2.375 0.175 0.170 4.11 94,210 11,453 4,667 0.0306 10,291 7,043 6,088 4,167 4,799 3,284
2.375 0.188 0.183 4.39 100,816 12,328 4,940 0.0287 11,378 7,788 6,794 4,650 5,388 3,688

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

2.375 0.203 0.198 4.70 108,334 13,339 5,243 0.0267 12,227 8,368 7,521 5,147 6,019 4,120
2.375 0.236 0.231 5.39 124,473 15,562 5,862 0.0234 14,048 9,615 9,149 6,261 7,451 5,100

2.625 0.145 0.140 3.84 87,437 8,533 4,963 0.0328 5,809 3,976 3,618 2,476 2,825 1,934
2.625 0.156 0.151 4.11 93,889 9,204 5,286 0.0306 6,838 4,680 4,175 2,857 3,262 2,232
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 80
80,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

2.625 0.175 0.170 4.57 104,891 10,362 5,821 0.0275 8,617 5,897 5,150 3,525 4,038 2,764
2.625 0.188 0.183 4.89 112,315 11,154 6,172 0.0257 9,833 6,730 5,829 3,990 4,588 3,140
2.625 0.203 0.198 5.25 120,774 12,069 6,562 0.0240 11,158 7,637 6,608 4,523 5,228 3,578
2.625 0.236 0.231 6.02 138,988 14,080 7,367 0.0209 12,841 8,789 8,060 5,516 6,490 4,442
16

2.875 0.156 0.151 4.53 103,377 8,403 6,438 0.0278 5,610 3,839 3,511 2,403 2,742 1,877
2.875 0.175 0.170 5.04 115,573 9,461 7,103 0.0250 7,233 4,950 4,390 3,004 3,431 2,348
2.875 0.188 0.183 5.39 123,813 10,184 7,542 0.0233 8,344 5,711 4,999 3,421 3,917 2,681
2.875 0.203 0.198 5.79 133,215 11,019 8,031 0.0217 9,626 6,588 5,713 3,910 4,493 3,075
2.875 0.236 0.231 6.64 153,502 12,856 9,047 0.0189 11,823 8,092 7,172 4,908 5,716 3,912

3.500 0.156 0.151 5.57 127,096 6,903 9,817 0.0226 3,422 2,342 2,305 1,578 1,818 1,244

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

3.500 0.175 0.170 6.21 142,276 7,771 10,871 0.0203 4,639 3,175 2,987 2,044 2,339 1,601
3.500 0.188 0.183 6.64 152,559 8,366 11,571 0.0189 5,552 3,800 3,479 2,381 2,718 1,860

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

3.500 0.203 0.198 7.14 164,317 9,051 12,357 0.0176 6,604 4,520 4,048 2,771 3,162 2,164
3.500 0.236 0.231 8.22 189,787 10,560 14,008 0.0153 8,921 6,105 5,319 3,640 4,174 2,857

4.500 0.204 0.199 9.35 215,111 7,076 21,316 0.0135 3,595 2,460 2,414 1,652 1,905 1,304
4.500 0.224 0.219 10.22 235,629 7,787 23,144 0.0123 4,663 3,191 3,000 2,053 2,349 1,608
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 80
80,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

4.500 0.236 0.231 10.74 247,844 8,213 24,215 0.0117 5,318 3,639 3,353 2,295 2,620 1,793
17

4.500 0.250 0.245 11.34 262,003 8,711 25,440 0.0111 6,082 4,163 3,765 2,577 2,940 2,012

6.625 0.280 0.275 18.95 438,880 6,642 64,374 0.0066 3,161 2,164 2,140 1,465 1,689 1,156
6.625 0.300 0.295 20.24 469,316 7,125 68,426 0.0062 3,646 2,495 2,446 1,674 1,930 1,321
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
 Grade 80
552 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Pressure Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

25.40 2.21 2.08 1.26 84,084 90,458 524 0.3273 83,041 56,834 50,762 34,742 40,551 27,753
25.40 2.41 2.29 1.36 91,483 99,284 561 0.3024 90,348 61,836 57,181 39,136 46,166 31,597
25.40 2.59 2.46 1.45 97,840 107,006 592 0.2838 96,626 66,132 62,862 43,024 51,183 35,030
25.40 2.77 2.64 1.54 104,088 114,728 621 0.2677 102,796 70,355 68,589 46,943 56,283 38,521
18

31.75 2.21 2.08 1.61 106,983 72,367 860 0.2569 60,828 41,632 36,294 24,840 28,476 19,490
31.75 2.41 2.29 1.74 116,616 79,427 926 0.2369 71,668 49,051 42,380 29,005 33,416 22,870
31.75 2.59 2.46 1.86 124,928 85,605 981 0.2220 78,962 54,042 47,271 32,353 37,523 25,681
31.75 2.77 2.64 1.97 133,130 91,782 1,034 0.2090 84,146 57,591 51,719 35,397 41,384 28,324
31.75 3.00 2.87 2.12 143,515 99,725 1,099 0.1946 90,710 62,083 57,504 39,357 46,450 31,791
31.75 3.18 3.05 2.23 151,467 105,903 1,147 0.1849 95,736 65,523 62,047 42,466 50,461 34,536
31.75 3.40 3.28 2.37 161,530 113,845 1,206 0.1738 102,096 69,876 67,932 46,494 55,696 38,119
31.75 3.68 3.56 2.54 173,583 123,553 1,274 0.1622 109,715 75,091 75,175 51,451 62,199 42,570
31.75 3.96 3.84 2.71 185,367 133,261 1,338 0.1523 117,163 80,188 82,453 56,432 68,796 47,085
31.75 4.45 4.32 2.99 205,083 150,029 1,438 0.1382 129,625 88,717 95,047 65,051 80,360 55,000

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

38.10 2.41 2.29 2.12 141,749 66,189 1,383 0.1948 51,343 35,140 31,070 21,265 24,295 16,628

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

38.10 2.59 2.46 2.26 152,015 71,337 1,469 0.1823 59,247 40,550 35,418 24,240 27,770 19,006
38.10 2.77 2.64 2.41 162,172 76,485 1,553 0.1715 67,151 45,959 39,829 27,259 31,337 21,447
38.10 3.00 2.87 2.59 175,070 83,104 1,657 0.1594 76,844 52,593 45,486 31,131 35,982 24,626
38.10 3.18 3.05 2.73 184,977 88,252 1,735 0.1512 81,192 55,569 49,171 33,654 39,169 26,808
38.10 3.40 3.28 2.91 197,553 94,871 1,831 0.1420 86,712 59,347 53,961 36,932 43,341 29,664
38.10 3.68 3.56 3.12 212,679 102,961 1,943 0.1323 93,351 63,891 59,880 40,983 48,544 33,224
38.10 3.96 3.84 3.33 227,534 111,051 2,049 0.1240 99,872 68,353 65,857 45,073 53,845 36,852
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Grade 80
552 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Pressure Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

38.10 4.45 4.32 3.68 252,556 125,024 2,219 0.1121 110,855 75,870 76,276 52,204 63,193 43,250
19

44.45 2.59 2.46 2.67 179,103 61,146 2,057 0.1546 43,600 29,841 26,862 18,385 20,976 14,356
44.45 2.77 2.64 2.84 191,214 65,559 2,179 0.1453 50,375 34,477 30,542 20,903 23,876 16,341
44.45 3.00 2.87 3.06 206,626 71,232 2,331 0.1350 59,086 40,439 35,328 24,179 27,699 18,957
44.45 3.18 3.05 3.22 218,487 75,645 2,445 0.1280 65,861 45,076 39,104 26,763 30,748 21,045
44.45 3.40 3.28 3.44 233,577 81,318 2,588 0.1200 74,572 51,038 44,032 30,136 34,769 23,796
44.45 3.68 3.56 3.69 251,774 88,252 2,755 0.1117 81,192 55,569 49,171 33,654 39,169 26,808
44.45 3.96 3.84 3.95 269,701 95,186 2,915 0.1045 86,973 59,526 54,190 37,088 43,542 29,801
44.45 4.45 4.32 4.38 300,029 107,163 3,174 0.0943 96,753 66,219 62,978 43,103 51,286 35,101
44.45 4.78 4.65 4.66 320,315 115,358 3,340 0.0885 103,295 70,697 69,058 47,264 56,702 38,808

50.80 2.77 2.64 3.27 220,257 57,364 2,911 0.1261 37,793 25,866 23,728 16,240 18,536 12,686
50.80 3.00 2.87 3.53 238,181 62,328 3,120 0.1171 45,415 31,083 27,845 19,057 21,747 14,884
50.80 3.18 3.05 3.72 251,998 66,189 3,278 0.1109 51,343 35,140 31,070 21,265 24,295 16,628

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

50.80 3.40 3.28 3.97 269,601 71,153 3,476 0.1040 58,965 40,356 35,261 24,133 27,645 18,920
50.80 3.68 3.56 4.27 290,870 77,221 3,710 0.0966 68,281 46,732 40,464 27,694 31,854 21,801

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

50.80 3.96 3.84 4.57 311,868 83,288 3,934 0.0904 77,000 52,700 45,617 31,221 36,094 24,704
50.80 4.45 4.32 5.07 347,502 93,768 4,303 0.0814 85,798 58,721 53,159 36,383 42,641 29,184
50.80 4.78 4.65 5.41 371,418 100,938 4,541 0.0763 91,703 62,763 58,394 39,966 47,233 32,327
50.80 5.16 5.03 5.79 398,545 109,212 4,801 0.0713 98,400 67,346 64,494 44,141 52,632 36,022

60.33 3.18 3.05 4.46 302,263 55,738 4,758 0.0924 35,297 24,158 22,382 15,319 17,498 11,976
60.33 3.40 3.28 4.77 323,636 59,919 5,056 0.0866 41,715 28,551 25,844 17,688 20,180 13,811
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Grade 80
552 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Pressure Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

60.33 3.68 3.56 5.13 349,513 65,028 5,411 0.0804 49,560 33,920 30,097 20,599 23,524 16,100
60.33 3.96 3.84 5.50 375,119 70,137 5,754 0.0751 57,405 39,289 34,399 23,543 26,952 18,447
60.33 4.45 4.32 6.11 418,711 78,962 6,322 0.0675 70,955 48,562 41,975 28,729 33,086 22,644
60.33 4.78 4.65 6.53 448,073 85,001 6,692 0.0632 78,451 53,693 46,839 32,057 37,150 25,426
60.33 5.16 5.03 7.00 481,483 91,968 7,102 0.0590 84,301 57,697 51,854 35,489 41,501 28,404
20

60.33 5.99 5.87 8.01 553,215 107,296 7,941 0.0515 96,860 66,292 63,076 43,170 51,373 35,160

66.68 3.68 3.56 5.71 388,608 58,835 6,724 0.0723 40,051 27,412 24,946 17,073 19,480 13,333
66.68 3.96 3.84 6.11 417,286 63,458 7,160 0.0675 47,149 32,269 28,786 19,701 22,487 15,391
66.68 4.45 4.32 6.81 466,184 71,442 7,885 0.0606 59,408 40,660 35,507 24,301 27,842 19,056
66.68 4.78 4.65 7.27 499,176 76,905 8,361 0.0567 67,797 46,401 40,192 27,508 31,632 21,649
66.68 5.16 5.03 7.81 536,775 83,209 8,889 0.0529 76,933 52,654 45,561 31,182 36,046 24,670
66.68 5.99 5.87 8.95 617,723 97,077 9,980 0.0461 88,535 60,594 55,568 38,032 44,750 30,627

73.03 3.96 3.84 6.73 459,453 57,939 8,720 0.0613 38,677 26,471 24,204 16,566 18,905 12,939

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

73.03 4.45 4.32 7.50 513,657 65,230 9,622 0.0550 49,870 34,132 30,266 20,715 23,658 16,192
73.03 4.78 4.65 8.02 550,280 70,218 10,216 0.0515 57,529 39,374 34,467 23,590 27,007 18,484

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

73.03 5.16 5.03 8.61 592,067 75,974 10,879 0.0479 66,366 45,422 39,387 26,957 30,978 21,202
73.03 5.99 5.87 9.89 682,230 88,636 12,255 0.0417 81,514 55,789 49,448 33,843 39,408 26,972

88.90 3.96 3.84 8.28 564,871 47,593 13,298 0.0498 23,595 16,149 15,892 10,877 12,537 8,580
88.90 4.45 4.32 9.24 632,340 53,582 14,726 0.0447 31,986 21,892 20,595 14,096 16,129 11,039
88.90 4.78 4.65 9.88 678,038 57,679 15,674 0.0417 38,277 26,197 23,989 16,418 18,738 12,824
88.90 5.16 5.03 10.63 730,297 62,407 16,739 0.0388 45,536 31,165 27,910 19,102 21,798 14,919
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Grade 80
552 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Pressure Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

88.90 5.99 5.87 12.23 843,498 72,808 18,976 0.0337 61,505 42,095 36,671 25,098 28,780 19,697
21

114.30 5.18 5.05 13.91 956,048 48,784 28,875 0.0297 24,784 16,963 16,647 11,393 13,134 8,989
114.30 5.69 5.56 15.21 1,047,241 53,687 31,350 0.0271 32,147 22,002 20,683 14,155 16,195 11,084
114.30 5.99 5.87 15.98 1,101,528 56,628 32,801 0.0258 36,664 25,093 23,119 15,823 18,066 12,364
114.30 6.35 6.22 16.87 1,164,456 60,060 34,461 0.0245 41,933 28,700 25,961 17,768 20,272 13,874

168.28 7.11 6.99 28.20 1,950,580 45,791 87,201 0.0146 21,795 14,917 14,756 10,099 11,643 7,969
168.28 7.62 7.49 30.12 2,085,850 49,121 92,690 0.0137 25,138 17,205 16,868 11,544 13,308 9,108
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
 Grade 90
90,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

1.000 0.087 0.082 0.85 21,284 14,760 435 0.1484 13,550 9,274 8,283 5,669 6,617 4,528
1.000 0.095 0.090 0.92 23,157 16,200 466 0.1371 14,742 10,090 9,330 6,386 7,533 5,156
1.000 0.102 0.097 0.98 24,766 17,460 491 0.1287 15,766 10,791 10,257 7,020 8,351 5,716
1.000 0.109 0.104 1.04 26,347 18,720 516 0.1214 16,773 11,480 11,192 7,660 9,184 6,285
22

1.250 0.087 0.082 1.08 27,080 11,808 714 0.1165 9,624 6,587 5,841 3,998 4,595 3,145
1.250 0.095 0.090 1.17 29,518 12,960 769 0.1074 11,413 7,811 6,844 4,684 5,406 3,700
1.250 0.102 0.097 1.25 31,622 13,968 815 0.1007 12,884 8,818 7,713 5,279 6,123 4,190
1.250 0.109 0.104 1.33 33,698 14,976 859 0.0948 13,730 9,397 8,439 5,776 6,753 4,622
1.250 0.118 0.113 1.43 36,327 16,272 913 0.0883 14,801 10,130 9,383 6,422 7,579 5,187
1.250 0.125 0.120 1.50 38,340 17,280 953 0.0838 15,621 10,691 10,124 6,929 8,234 5,635
1.250 0.134 0.129 1.60 40,887 18,576 1,002 0.0788 16,659 11,402 11,084 7,586 9,088 6,220

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

1.250 0.145 0.140 1.71 43,938 20,160 1,058 0.0736 17,902 12,252 12,266 8,395 10,149 6,946
1.250 0.156 0.151 1.82 46,921 21,744 1,111 0.0691 19,117 13,084 13,454 9,208 11,225 7,683

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

1.250 0.175 0.170 2.01 51,912 24,480 1,194 0.0627 21,151 14,476 15,509 10,614 13,112 8,974

1.500 0.095 0.090 1.42 35,880 10,800 1,149 0.0883 8,059 5,515 4,978 3,407 3,907 2,674
1.500 0.102 0.097 1.52 38,479 11,640 1,220 0.0827 9,363 6,408 5,696 3,899 4,479 3,065
1.500 0.109 0.104 1.62 41,050 12,480 1,290 0.0778 10,668 7,301 6,424 4,396 5,065 3,466
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 90
90,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

1.500 0.118 0.113 1.74 44,315 13,560 1,376 0.0723 12,345 8,449 7,373 5,046 5,839 3,997
23

1.500 0.125 0.120 1.83 46,822 14,400 1,441 0.0686 13,248 9,067 8,023 5,491 6,391 4,374
1.500 0.134 0.129 1.95 50,006 15,480 1,521 0.0644 14,149 9,684 8,805 6,026 7,072 4,840
1.500 0.145 0.140 2.10 53,834 16,800 1,614 0.0600 15,232 10,425 9,771 6,687 7,921 5,421
1.500 0.156 0.151 2.24 57,595 18,120 1,702 0.0562 16,296 11,153 10,746 7,355 8,786 6,013
1.500 0.175 0.170 2.47 63,928 20,400 1,843 0.0508 18,088 12,380 12,446 8,518 10,311 7,057

1.750 0.102 0.097 1.79 45,335 9,977 1,709 0.0701 6,781 4,641 4,280 2,929 3,359 2,299
1.750 0.109 0.104 1.91 48,401 10,697 1,810 0.0659 7,899 5,406 4,891 3,347 3,838 2,626
1.750 0.118 0.113 2.05 52,302 11,623 1,936 0.0612 9,337 6,390 5,682 3,889 4,467 3,057
1.750 0.125 0.120 2.17 55,305 12,343 2,031 0.0580 10,455 7,155 6,304 4,315 4,968 3,400
1.750 0.134 0.129 2.31 59,124 13,269 2,149 0.0544 11,892 8,139 7,115 4,870 5,628 3,852

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

1.750 0.145 0.140 2.48 63,730 14,400 2,288 0.0507 13,248 9,067 8,023 5,491 6,391 4,374
1.750 0.156 0.151 2.65 68,268 15,531 2,421 0.0474 14,191 9,713 8,842 6,052 7,105 4,863

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

1.750 0.175 0.170 2.94 75,945 17,486 2,636 0.0428 15,787 10,805 10,276 7,033 8,368 5,727
1.750 0.188 0.183 3.13 81,080 18,823 2,774 0.0401 16,855 11,535 11,268 7,712 9,252 6,332

2.000 0.109 0.104 2.20 55,752 9,360 2,418 0.0572 5,822 3,985 3,758 2,572 2,954 2,022
2.000 0.118 0.113 2.37 60,290 10,170 2,591 0.0531 7,080 4,846 4,443 3,041 3,486 2,386
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 90
90,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

2.000 0.125 0.120 2.50 63,787 10,800 2,723 0.0503 8,059 5,515 4,978 3,407 3,907 2,674
2.000 0.134 0.129 2.67 68,243 11,610 2,887 0.0471 9,317 6,376 5,671 3,881 4,458 3,051
2.000 0.145 0.140 2.87 73,626 12,600 3,081 0.0438 10,854 7,429 6,528 4,468 5,150 3,524
2.000 0.156 0.151 3.07 78,942 13,590 3,268 0.0410 12,392 8,481 7,400 5,065 5,861 4,012
24

2.000 0.175 0.170 3.41 87,961 15,300 3,573 0.0369 14,000 9,581 8,674 5,937 6,958 4,762
2.000 0.188 0.183 3.63 94,015 16,470 3,771 0.0346 14,963 10,241 9,528 6,521 7,707 5,275
2.000 0.203 0.198 3.89 100,882 17,820 3,987 0.0323 16,056 10,989 10,523 7,202 8,588 5,878

2.375 0.125 0.120 3.00 76,510 9,095 3,952 0.0419 5,410 3,703 3,533 2,418 2,781 1,904
2.375 0.134 0.129 3.20 81,920 9,777 4,199 0.0393 6,470 4,428 4,111 2,813 3,227 2,208
2.375 0.145 0.140 3.45 88,470 10,611 4,493 0.0365 7,764 5,314 4,817 3,297 3,779 2,587
2.375 0.156 0.151 3.69 94,952 11,444 4,779 0.0341 9,059 6,200 5,528 3,784 4,344 2,973

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

2.375 0.175 0.170 4.11 105,986 12,884 5,250 0.0306 11,295 7,731 6,777 4,638 5,352 3,663
2.375 0.188 0.183 4.39 113,419 13,869 5,558 0.0287 12,801 8,761 7,643 5,231 6,062 4,149

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

2.375 0.203 0.198 4.70 121,875 15,006 5,898 0.0267 13,755 9,414 8,461 5,791 6,772 4,635
2.375 0.236 0.231 5.39 140,033 17,507 6,595 0.0234 15,805 10,817 10,292 7,044 8,382 5,737

2.625 0.145 0.140 3.84 98,366 9,600 5,584 0.0328 6,195 4,240 3,961 2,711 3,111 2,129
2.625 0.156 0.151 4.11 105,626 10,354 5,946 0.0306 7,366 5,042 4,600 3,148 3,608 2,470
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 90
90,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

2.625 0.175 0.170 4.57 118,003 11,657 6,548 0.0275 9,390 6,426 5,711 3,909 4,491 3,073
25

2.625 0.188 0.183 4.89 126,354 12,549 6,943 0.0257 10,774 7,374 6,483 4,437 5,113 3,500
2.625 0.203 0.198 5.25 135,871 13,577 7,383 0.0240 12,372 8,467 7,389 5,057 5,852 4,005
2.625 0.236 0.231 6.02 156,361 15,840 8,288 0.0209 14,446 9,887 9,067 6,206 7,302 4,997

2.875 0.156 0.151 4.53 116,299 9,454 7,242 0.0278 5,968 4,085 3,838 2,626 3,015 2,064
2.875 0.175 0.170 5.04 130,020 10,643 7,991 0.0250 7,815 5,349 4,845 3,316 3,802 2,602
2.875 0.188 0.183 5.39 139,290 11,457 8,484 0.0233 9,080 6,214 5,540 3,791 4,353 2,979
2.875 0.203 0.198 5.79 149,867 12,397 9,035 0.0217 10,538 7,212 6,351 4,347 5,006 3,426
2.875 0.236 0.231 6.64 172,689 14,463 10,178 0.0189 13,301 9,103 8,068 5,522 6,430 4,401

3.500 0.156 0.151 5.57 142,983 7,766 11,044 0.0226 3,637 2,489 2,507 1,716 1,992 1,363

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

3.500 0.175 0.170 6.21 160,061 8,743 12,230 0.0203 4,864 3,329 3,233 2,213 2,553 1,747
3.500 0.188 0.183 6.64 171,628 9,411 13,017 0.0189 5,902 4,039 3,802 2,602 2,988 2,045

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

3.500 0.203 0.198 7.14 184,856 10,183 13,902 0.0176 7,100 4,859 4,454 3,049 3,495 2,392
3.500 0.236 0.231 8.22 213,511 11,880 15,759 0.0153 9,736 6,663 5,903 4,040 4,645 3,179

4.500 0.204 0.199 9.35 242,000 7,960 23,981 0.0135 3,833 2,623 2,632 1,801 2,090 1,431
4.500 0.224 0.219 10.22 265,083 8,760 26,037 0.0123 4,890 3,347 3,248 2,223 2,564 1,755
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 90
90,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

4.500 0.236 0.231 10.74 278,824 9,240 27,241 0.0117 5,636 3,857 3,656 2,502 2,876 1,968
4.500 0.250 0.245 11.34 294,753 9,800 28,620 0.0111 6,506 4,452 4,130 2,827 3,242 2,219

6.625 0.280 0.275 18.95 493,741 7,472 72,421 0.0066 3,340 2,286 2,318 1,587 1,844 1,262
26

6.625 0.300 0.295 20.24 527,981 8,015 76,979 0.0062 3,888 2,661 2,667 1,825 2,118 1,450
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
 Grade 90
621 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Pressure Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

25.40 2.21 2.08 1.26 94,595 101,766 589 0.3273 93,421 63,939 57,107 39,085 45,619 31,223
27

25.40 2.41 2.29 1.36 102,919 111,694 631 0.3024 101,642 69,565 64,329 44,028 51,937 35,546
25.40 2.59 2.46 1.45 110,070 120,381 666 0.2838 108,704 74,399 70,720 48,402 57,581 39,409
25.40 2.77 2.64 1.54 117,098 129,069 698 0.2677 115,646 79,149 77,162 52,811 63,318 43,336

31.75 2.21 2.08 1.61 120,356 81,413 968 0.2569 66,355 45,414 40,273 27,563 31,680 21,682
31.75 2.41 2.29 1.74 131,193 89,355 1,042 0.2369 78,690 53,857 47,184 32,294 37,273 25,510
31.75 2.59 2.46 1.86 140,544 96,305 1,104 0.2220 88,832 60,798 53,180 36,397 42,213 28,891
31.75 2.77 2.64 1.97 149,771 103,255 1,163 0.2090 94,664 64,790 58,184 39,822 46,557 31,864
31.75 3.00 2.87 2.12 161,454 112,191 1,236 0.1946 102,049 69,843 64,693 44,276 52,257 35,765
31.75 3.18 3.05 2.23 170,400 119,140 1,291 0.1849 107,703 73,713 69,803 47,774 56,768 38,853
31.75 3.40 3.28 2.37 181,721 128,076 1,357 0.1738 114,859 78,611 76,424 52,305 62,658 42,884

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

31.75 3.68 3.56 2.54 195,281 138,997 1,434 0.1622 123,429 84,477 84,572 57,882 69,974 47,891
31.75 3.96 3.84 2.71 208,538 149,918 1,505 0.1523 131,808 90,211 92,759 63,486 77,396 52,971

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

31.75 4.45 4.32 2.99 230,719 168,782 1,617 0.1382 145,828 99,807 106,928 73,183 90,405 61,875

38.10 2.41 2.29 2.12 159,467 74,463 1,556 0.1948 55,561 38,027 34,322 23,491 26,935 18,435
38.10 2.59 2.46 2.26 171,017 80,254 1,653 0.1823 64,556 44,183 39,275 26,881 30,880 21,134
38.10 2.77 2.64 2.41 182,444 86,046 1,747 0.1715 73,551 50,339 44,289 30,312 34,920 23,900
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Grade 90
621 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Pressure Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

38.10 3.00 2.87 2.59 196,954 93,492 1,864 0.1594 85,115 58,254 50,838 34,794 40,261 27,555
38.10 3.18 3.05 2.73 208,099 99,284 1,952 0.1512 91,341 62,515 55,318 37,860 44,065 30,159
38.10 3.40 3.28 2.91 222,248 106,730 2,060 0.1420 97,551 66,765 60,706 41,548 48,759 33,371
38.10 3.68 3.56 3.12 239,264 115,831 2,186 0.1323 105,020 71,877 67,365 46,105 54,612 37,377
28

38.10 3.96 3.84 3.33 255,976 124,932 2,305 0.1240 112,355 76,898 74,089 50,707 60,575 41,458
38.10 4.45 4.32 3.68 284,126 140,652 2,497 0.1121 124,711 85,354 85,810 58,730 71,092 48,656

44.45 2.59 2.46 2.67 201,490 68,789 2,314 0.1546 46,750 31,997 29,511 20,198 23,157 15,849
44.45 2.77 2.64 2.84 215,116 73,754 2,451 0.1453 54,460 37,273 33,719 23,078 26,459 18,109
44.45 3.00 2.87 3.06 232,454 80,136 2,622 0.1350 64,372 44,057 39,174 26,811 30,798 21,079
44.45 3.18 3.05 3.22 245,798 85,100 2,751 0.1280 72,082 49,334 43,466 29,748 34,254 23,444
44.45 3.40 3.28 3.44 262,774 91,483 2,911 0.1200 81,995 56,118 49,058 33,576 38,803 26,558

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

44.45 3.68 3.56 3.69 283,246 99,284 3,099 0.1117 91,341 62,515 55,318 37,860 44,065 30,159
44.45 3.96 3.84 3.95 303,414 107,085 3,279 0.1045 97,845 66,966 60,964 41,725 48,985 33,526

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

44.45 4.45 4.32 4.38 337,533 120,559 3,571 0.0943 108,847 74,497 70,851 48,491 57,697 39,489
44.45 4.78 4.65 4.66 360,355 129,778 3,757 0.0885 116,207 79,534 77,690 53,172 63,790 43,659

50.80 2.77 2.64 3.27 247,789 64,534 3,275 0.1261 40,142 27,474 25,910 17,734 20,368 13,940
50.80 3.00 2.87 3.53 267,954 70,119 3,510 0.1171 48,815 33,410 30,636 20,968 24,036 16,450
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Grade 90
621 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Pressure Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

50.80 3.18 3.05 3.72 283,497 74,463 3,688 0.1109 55,561 38,027 34,322 23,491 26,935 18,435
29

50.80 3.40 3.28 3.97 303,301 80,047 3,911 0.1040 64,235 43,963 39,098 26,759 30,737 21,037
50.80 3.68 3.56 4.27 327,228 86,873 4,173 0.0966 74,836 51,219 45,010 30,806 35,505 24,300
50.80 3.96 3.84 4.57 350,852 93,699 4,426 0.0904 85,436 58,474 51,021 34,920 40,411 27,658
50.80 4.45 4.32 5.07 390,940 105,489 4,841 0.0814 96,522 66,061 59,804 40,931 47,971 32,832
50.80 4.78 4.65 5.41 417,846 113,556 5,108 0.0763 103,165 70,608 65,693 44,961 53,138 36,368
50.80 5.16 5.03 5.79 448,363 122,864 5,401 0.0713 110,700 75,765 72,556 49,658 59,211 40,525

60.33 3.18 3.05 4.46 340,046 62,705 5,353 0.0924 37,302 25,530 24,359 16,672 19,177 13,125
60.33 3.40 3.28 4.77 364,090 67,408 5,688 0.0866 44,606 30,529 28,343 19,398 22,248 15,227
60.33 3.68 3.56 5.13 393,202 73,156 6,087 0.0804 53,533 36,638 33,212 22,731 26,058 17,835
60.33 3.96 3.84 5.50 422,009 78,904 6,473 0.0751 62,460 42,748 38,116 26,087 29,952 20,500

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

60.33 4.45 4.32 6.11 471,050 88,833 7,112 0.0675 77,879 53,301 46,726 31,980 36,900 25,255
60.33 4.78 4.65 6.53 504,082 95,626 7,529 0.0632 88,258 60,405 52,694 36,065 41,793 28,604

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

60.33 5.16 5.03 7.00 541,668 103,464 7,990 0.0590 94,838 64,909 58,335 39,926 46,689 31,955
60.33 5.99 5.87 8.01 622,367 120,708 8,934 0.0515 108,968 74,579 70,961 48,567 57,795 39,556

66.68 3.68 3.56 5.71 437,184 66,189 7,564 0.0723 42,712 29,233 27,311 18,692 21,449 14,680
66.68 3.96 3.84 6.11 469,447 71,390 8,055 0.0675 50,789 34,761 31,713 21,705 24,879 17,028
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Grade 90
621 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Pressure Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

66.68 4.45 4.32 6.81 524,457 80,373 8,870 0.0606 64,740 44,309 39,377 26,950 30,961 21,190
66.68 4.78 4.65 7.27 561,574 86,519 9,406 0.0567 74,285 50,842 44,701 30,594 35,254 24,129
66.68 5.16 5.03 7.81 603,872 93,610 10,000 0.0529 85,299 58,380 50,943 34,866 40,347 27,614
66.68 5.99 5.87 8.95 694,938 109,212 11,227 0.0461 99,601 68,169 62,515 42,786 50,343 34,456
30

73.03 3.96 3.84 6.73 516,885 65,182 9,810 0.0613 41,148 28,162 26,459 18,109 20,790 14,229
73.03 4.45 4.32 7.50 577,865 73,384 10,825 0.0550 53,885 36,880 33,405 22,863 26,211 17,939
73.03 4.78 4.65 8.02 619,065 78,995 11,493 0.0515 62,601 42,845 38,194 26,140 30,014 20,542
73.03 5.16 5.03 8.61 666,075 85,470 12,239 0.0479 72,657 49,727 43,787 29,969 34,514 23,622
73.03 5.99 5.87 9.89 767,509 99,715 13,787 0.0417 91,703 62,763 55,628 38,073 44,334 30,343

88.90 3.96 3.84 8.28 635,480 53,542 14,960 0.0498 25,076 17,162 17,283 11,829 13,733 9,399

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

88.90 4.45 4.32 9.24 711,382 60,279 16,567 0.0447 33,534 22,951 22,291 15,256 17,600 12,046
88.90 4.78 4.65 9.88 762,793 64,889 17,633 0.0417 40,693 27,851 26,211 17,939 20,599 14,098

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

88.90 5.16 5.03 10.63 821,584 70,208 18,831 0.0388 48,953 33,504 30,712 21,019 24,094 16,491
88.90 5.99 5.87 12.23 948,936 81,909 21,347 0.0337 67,126 45,942 40,701 27,856 32,024 21,918

114.30 5.18 5.05 13.91 1,075,554 54,882 32,484 0.0297 26,427 18,087 18,145 12,418 14,412 9,864
114.30 5.69 5.56 15.21 1,178,146 60,398 35,269 0.0271 33,717 23,077 22,392 15,325 17,677 12,098
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Grade 90
621 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Pressure Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

114.30 5.99 5.87 15.98 1,239,219 63,707 36,901 0.0258 38,857 26,594 25,209 17,253 19,828 13,571
31

114.30 6.35 6.22 16.87 1,310,013 67,568 38,769 0.0245 44,854 30,698 28,478 19,491 22,353 15,299

168.28 7.11 6.99 28.20 2,194,402 51,515 98,102 0.0146 23,031 15,763 15,985 10,940 12,715 8,702
168.28 7.62 7.49 30.12 2,346,581 55,262 104,276 0.0137 26,810 18,349 18,390 12,586 14,605 9,996
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
 Grade 100
100,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

1.000 0.087 0.082 0.85 23,649 16,400 483 0.1484 15,055 10,304 9,203 6,299 7,352 5,032
1.000 0.095 0.090 0.92 25,730 18,000 518 0.1371 16,380 11,211 10,367 7,095 8,370 5,728
1.000 0.102 0.097 0.98 27,518 19,400 546 0.1287 17,518 11,990 11,397 7,800 9,279 6,351
1.000 0.109 0.104 1.04 29,275 20,800 573 0.1214 18,637 12,755 12,435 8,511 10,204 6,984
32

1.250 0.087 0.082 1.08 30,089 13,120 794 0.1165 10,380 7,104 6,402 4,382 5,049 3,456
1.250 0.095 0.090 1.17 32,798 14,400 854 0.1074 12,392 8,481 7,527 5,152 5,957 4,077
1.250 0.102 0.097 1.25 35,136 15,520 905 0.1007 14,152 9,686 8,528 5,837 6,775 4,637
1.250 0.109 0.104 1.33 37,443 16,640 954 0.0948 15,256 10,441 9,377 6,417 7,503 5,135
1.250 0.118 0.113 1.43 40,363 18,080 1,014 0.0883 16,446 11,256 10,425 7,135 8,421 5,764
1.250 0.125 0.120 1.50 42,600 19,200 1,059 0.0838 17,357 11,879 11,249 7,699 9,148 6,261
1.250 0.134 0.129 1.60 45,430 20,640 1,113 0.0788 18,510 12,668 12,316 8,429 10,098 6,911

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

1.250 0.145 0.140 1.71 48,820 22,400 1,176 0.0736 19,891 13,614 13,629 9,328 11,277 7,718
1.250 0.156 0.151 1.82 52,134 24,160 1,235 0.0691 21,241 14,538 14,949 10,231 12,473 8,536

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

1.250 0.175 0.170 2.01 57,680 27,200 1,327 0.0627 23,501 16,084 17,232 11,794 14,569 9,971

1.500 0.095 0.090 1.42 39,867 12,000 1,276 0.0883 8,620 5,900 5,430 3,716 4,277 2,927
1.500 0.102 0.097 1.52 42,754 12,933 1,356 0.0827 10,087 6,904 6,239 4,270 4,919 3,367
1.500 0.109 0.104 1.62 45,611 13,867 1,433 0.0778 11,553 7,907 7,056 4,829 5,575 3,816
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 100
100,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

1.500 0.118 0.113 1.74 49,238 15,067 1,529 0.0723 13,439 9,198 8,121 5,558 6,441 4,409
33

1.500 0.125 0.120 1.83 52,025 16,000 1,601 0.0686 14,720 10,075 8,915 6,101 7,101 4,860
1.500 0.134 0.129 1.95 55,562 17,200 1,690 0.0644 15,721 10,760 9,783 6,696 7,858 5,378
1.500 0.145 0.140 2.10 59,816 18,667 1,793 0.0600 16,924 11,583 10,856 7,430 8,801 6,023
1.500 0.156 0.151 2.24 63,994 20,133 1,891 0.0562 18,107 12,392 11,940 8,172 9,762 6,681
1.500 0.175 0.170 2.47 71,031 22,667 2,048 0.0508 20,098 13,755 13,829 9,465 11,457 7,841

1.750 0.102 0.097 1.79 50,373 11,086 1,898 0.0701 7,183 4,916 4,641 3,176 3,660 2,505
1.750 0.109 0.104 1.91 53,779 11,886 2,011 0.0659 8,440 5,777 5,331 3,649 4,199 2,874
1.750 0.118 0.113 2.05 58,113 12,914 2,151 0.0612 10,057 6,883 6,223 4,259 4,906 3,358
1.750 0.125 0.120 2.17 61,450 13,714 2,256 0.0580 11,314 7,743 6,922 4,738 5,467 3,742
1.750 0.134 0.129 2.31 65,694 14,743 2,388 0.0544 12,930 8,850 7,832 5,360 6,205 4,247

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

1.750 0.145 0.140 2.48 70,811 16,000 2,542 0.0507 14,720 10,075 8,915 6,101 7,101 4,860
1.750 0.156 0.151 2.65 75,853 17,257 2,690 0.0474 15,768 10,792 9,825 6,724 7,894 5,403

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

1.750 0.175 0.170 2.94 84,383 19,429 2,929 0.0428 17,541 12,005 11,418 7,815 9,298 6,364
1.750 0.188 0.183 3.13 90,089 20,914 3,082 0.0401 18,727 12,817 12,520 8,569 10,280 7,036

2.000 0.109 0.104 2.20 61,947 10,400 2,686 0.0572 6,106 4,179 4,047 2,770 3,202 2,191
2.000 0.118 0.113 2.37 66,988 11,300 2,879 0.0531 7,520 5,147 4,826 3,303 3,804 2,603
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 100
100,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

2.000 0.125 0.120 2.50 70,874 12,000 3,025 0.0503 8,620 5,900 5,430 3,716 4,277 2,927
2.000 0.134 0.129 2.67 75,825 12,900 3,208 0.0471 10,034 6,868 6,210 4,250 4,896 3,351
2.000 0.145 0.140 2.87 81,807 14,000 3,423 0.0438 11,763 8,051 7,174 4,910 5,670 3,881
2.000 0.156 0.151 3.07 87,713 15,100 3,631 0.0410 13,492 9,234 8,151 5,579 6,466 4,425
34

2.000 0.175 0.170 3.41 97,735 17,000 3,970 0.0369 15,555 10,646 9,638 6,596 7,731 5,291
2.000 0.188 0.183 3.63 104,461 18,300 4,190 0.0346 16,626 11,379 10,587 7,246 8,563 5,861
2.000 0.203 0.198 3.89 112,091 19,800 4,430 0.0323 17,840 12,210 11,693 8,003 9,542 6,531

2.375 0.125 0.120 3.00 85,011 10,105 4,391 0.0419 5,643 3,862 3,790 2,594 3,006 2,057
2.375 0.134 0.129 3.20 91,023 10,863 4,666 0.0393 6,834 4,677 4,448 3,044 3,511 2,403
2.375 0.145 0.140 3.45 98,300 11,789 4,993 0.0365 8,289 5,673 5,248 3,592 4,134 2,829
2.375 0.156 0.151 3.69 105,502 12,716 5,310 0.0341 9,745 6,670 6,050 4,141 4,768 3,263

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

2.375 0.175 0.170 4.11 117,763 14,316 5,833 0.0306 12,259 8,390 7,453 5,101 5,896 4,036
2.375 0.188 0.183 4.39 126,021 15,411 6,175 0.0287 13,979 9,568 8,430 5,769 6,694 4,582

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

2.375 0.203 0.198 4.70 135,417 16,674 6,554 0.0267 15,284 10,460 9,401 6,434 7,524 5,150
2.375 0.236 0.231 5.39 155,592 19,453 7,328 0.0234 17,561 12,019 11,436 7,827 9,314 6,375

2.625 0.145 0.140 3.84 109,296 10,667 6,204 0.0328 6,525 4,466 4,278 2,928 3,380 2,313
2.625 0.156 0.151 4.11 117,362 11,505 6,607 0.0306 7,842 5,367 5,002 3,424 3,941 2,698
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 100
100,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

2.625 0.175 0.170 4.57 131,114 12,952 7,276 0.0275 10,117 6,924 6,256 4,282 4,932 3,376
35

2.625 0.188 0.183 4.89 140,393 13,943 7,715 0.0257 11,673 7,989 7,123 4,875 5,630 3,853
2.625 0.203 0.198 5.25 150,968 15,086 8,203 0.0240 13,469 9,218 8,138 5,570 6,455 4,418
2.625 0.236 0.231 6.02 173,734 17,600 9,209 0.0209 16,051 10,986 10,074 6,895 8,113 5,553

2.875 0.156 0.151 4.53 129,221 10,504 8,047 0.0278 6,270 4,291 4,138 2,832 3,271 2,239
2.875 0.175 0.170 5.04 144,466 11,826 8,879 0.0250 8,347 5,713 5,280 3,613 4,159 2,846
2.875 0.188 0.183 5.39 154,766 12,730 9,427 0.0233 9,768 6,685 6,063 4,149 4,778 3,270
2.875 0.203 0.198 5.79 166,519 13,774 10,039 0.0217 11,408 7,808 6,975 4,773 5,509 3,771
2.875 0.236 0.231 6.64 191,877 16,070 11,308 0.0189 14,778 10,115 8,965 6,136 7,145 4,890

3.500 0.156 0.151 5.57 158,870 8,629 12,271 0.0226 3,814 2,611 2,688 1,840 2,152 1,473

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

3.500 0.175 0.170 6.21 177,846 9,714 13,589 0.0203 5,028 3,441 3,446 2,359 2,745 1,878
3.500 0.188 0.183 6.64 190,698 10,457 14,464 0.0189 6,196 4,240 4,097 2,804 3,240 2,218

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

3.500 0.203 0.198 7.14 205,396 11,314 15,446 0.0176 7,543 5,162 4,838 3,311 3,813 2,610
3.500 0.236 0.231 8.22 237,234 13,200 17,510 0.0153 10,506 7,190 6,472 4,429 5,105 3,494

4.500 0.204 0.199 9.35 268,889 8,844 26,645 0.0135 4,035 2,761 2,829 1,936 2,263 1,549
4.500 0.224 0.219 10.22 294,537 9,733 28,930 0.0123 5,058 3,462 3,463 2,370 2,757 1,887
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 100
100,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

4.500 0.236 0.231 10.74 309,805 10,267 30,268 0.0117 5,896 4,035 3,931 2,690 3,113 2,131
4.500 0.250 0.245 11.34 327,503 10,889 31,800 0.0111 6,874 4,705 4,471 3,060 3,528 2,415

6.625 0.280 0.275 18.95 548,601 8,302 80,468 0.0066 3,481 2,382 2,475 1,694 1,985 1,359
36

6.625 0.300 0.295 20.24 586,645 8,906 85,532 0.0062 4,097 2,804 2,869 1,964 2,294 1,570
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
 Grade 100
689 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

25.40 2.21 2.08 1.26 105,105 113,073 655 0.3273 103,801 71,043 63,452 43,428 50,688 34,692
37

25.40 2.41 2.29 1.36 114,354 124,105 701 0.3024 112,935 77,294 71,477 48,920 57,708 39,496
25.40 2.59 2.46 1.45 122,300 133,757 740 0.2838 120,783 82,665 78,577 53,779 63,979 43,788
25.40 2.77 2.64 1.54 130,109 143,410 776 0.2677 128,495 87,944 85,736 58,679 70,353 48,151

31.75 2.21 2.08 1.61 133,729 90,458 1,075 0.2569 71,568 48,982 44,139 30,210 34,812 23,826
31.75 2.41 2.29 1.74 145,770 99,284 1,157 0.2369 85,436 58,473 51,899 35,520 41,072 28,110
31.75 2.59 2.46 1.86 156,159 107,006 1,226 0.2220 97,571 66,779 58,800 40,244 46,713 31,971
31.75 2.77 2.64 1.97 166,412 114,728 1,292 0.2090 105,182 71,988 64,649 44,247 51,730 35,405
31.75 3.00 2.87 2.12 179,393 124,656 1,374 0.1946 113,387 77,604 71,881 49,196 58,063 39,739
31.75 3.18 3.05 2.23 189,333 132,378 1,434 0.1849 119,670 81,904 77,559 53,083 63,076 43,170
31.75 3.40 3.28 2.37 201,912 142,307 1,508 0.1738 127,621 87,345 84,915 58,117 69,620 47,649

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

31.75 3.68 3.56 2.54 216,979 154,441 1,593 0.1622 137,144 93,863 93,969 64,313 77,748 53,212
31.75 3.96 3.84 2.71 231,709 166,576 1,672 0.1523 146,454 100,235 103,066 70,540 85,995 58,856

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

31.75 4.45 4.32 2.99 256,354 187,536 1,797 0.1382 162,031 110,896 118,809 81,314 100,450 68,750

38.10 2.41 2.29 2.12 177,186 82,736 1,729 0.1948 59,433 40,677 37,438 25,623 29,489 20,182
38.10 2.59 2.46 2.26 190,019 89,171 1,837 0.1823 69,545 47,598 43,018 29,442 33,915 23,212
38.10 2.77 2.64 2.41 202,715 95,607 1,942 0.1715 79,657 54,519 48,650 33,297 38,440 26,309
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Grade 100
689 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

38.10 3.00 2.87 2.59 218,838 103,880 2,071 0.1594 92,659 63,417 55,993 38,322 44,412 30,396
38.10 3.18 3.05 2.73 231,221 110,315 2,168 0.1512 101,490 69,461 61,464 42,067 48,961 33,510
38.10 3.40 3.28 2.91 246,942 118,589 2,289 0.1420 108,390 74,184 67,451 46,164 54,177 37,079
38.10 3.68 3.56 3.12 265,849 128,701 2,429 0.1323 116,689 79,864 74,850 51,228 60,680 41,530
38

38.10 3.96 3.84 3.33 284,417 138,813 2,561 0.1240 124,839 85,442 82,321 56,341 67,306 46,065
38.10 4.45 4.32 3.68 315,695 156,280 2,774 0.1121 138,568 94,838 95,345 65,255 78,991 54,063

44.45 2.59 2.46 2.67 223,878 76,433 2,572 0.1546 49,527 33,897 31,996 21,898 25,233 17,270
44.45 2.77 2.64 2.84 239,018 81,948 2,724 0.1453 58,195 39,829 36,757 25,157 28,953 19,816
44.45 3.00 2.87 3.06 258,282 89,040 2,913 0.1350 69,339 47,456 42,903 29,364 33,824 23,150
44.45 3.18 3.05 3.22 273,109 94,556 3,056 0.1280 78,006 53,389 47,726 32,665 37,694 25,798
44.45 3.40 3.28 3.44 291,971 101,648 3,234 0.1200 89,151 61,016 54,000 36,958 42,783 29,281

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

44.45 3.68 3.56 3.69 314,718 110,315 3,443 0.1117 101,490 69,461 61,464 42,067 48,961 33,510
44.45 3.96 3.84 3.95 337,126 118,983 3,643 0.1045 108,716 74,407 67,738 46,361 54,428 37,251

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

44.45 4.45 4.32 4.38 375,036 133,954 3,968 0.0943 120,941 82,774 78,723 53,879 64,108 43,876
44.45 4.78 4.65 4.66 400,394 144,198 4,175 0.0885 129,119 88,371 86,322 59,080 70,878 48,510

50.80 2.77 2.64 3.27 275,321 71,705 3,639 0.1261 42,098 28,812 27,902 19,096 22,077 15,110
50.80 3.00 2.87 3.53 297,727 77,910 3,900 0.1171 51,849 35,486 33,271 22,771 26,225 17,948
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Grade 100
689 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

50.80 3.18 3.05 3.72 314,997 82,736 4,098 0.1109 59,433 40,677 37,438 25,623 29,489 20,182
39

50.80 3.40 3.28 3.97 337,001 88,942 4,345 0.1040 69,184 47,350 42,818 29,305 33,756 23,103
50.80 3.68 3.56 4.27 363,587 96,526 4,637 0.0966 81,102 55,507 49,460 33,851 39,095 26,757
50.80 3.96 3.84 4.57 389,835 104,110 4,918 0.0904 93,020 63,664 56,199 38,463 44,580 30,511
50.80 4.45 4.32 5.07 434,378 117,210 5,378 0.0814 107,247 73,401 66,449 45,478 53,301 36,480
50.80 4.78 4.65 5.41 464,273 126,173 5,676 0.0763 114,628 78,453 72,993 49,957 59,042 40,409
50.80 5.16 5.03 5.79 498,181 136,515 6,002 0.0713 123,000 84,183 80,617 55,176 65,790 45,028

60.33 3.18 3.05 4.46 377,829 69,673 5,948 0.0924 38,904 26,627 26,130 17,884 20,723 14,183
60.33 3.40 3.28 4.77 404,545 74,898 6,320 0.0866 47,116 32,247 30,670 20,991 24,206 16,567
60.33 3.68 3.56 5.13 436,891 81,285 6,763 0.0804 57,152 39,116 36,184 24,765 28,502 19,507
60.33 3.96 3.84 5.50 468,899 87,672 7,192 0.0751 67,188 45,984 41,713 28,549 32,875 22,500

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

60.33 4.45 4.32 6.11 523,389 98,703 7,902 0.0675 84,523 57,849 51,384 35,168 40,654 27,824
60.33 4.78 4.65 6.53 560,092 106,251 8,365 0.0632 96,384 65,967 58,121 39,779 46,155 31,589

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

60.33 5.16 5.03 7.00 601,854 114,960 8,878 0.0590 105,376 72,121 64,817 44,362 51,877 35,505
60.33 5.99 5.87 8.01 691,519 134,120 9,926 0.0515 121,075 82,866 78,846 53,963 64,216 43,951

66.68 3.68 3.56 5.71 485,760 73,543 8,404 0.0723 44,987 30,790 29,497 20,188 23,302 15,948
66.68 3.96 3.84 6.11 521,608 79,322 8,950 0.0675 54,067 37,004 34,489 23,605 27,175 18,599
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Grade 100
689 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

66.68 4.45 4.32 6.81 582,731 89,303 9,856 0.0606 69,751 47,739 43,132 29,520 34,007 23,275
66.68 4.78 4.65 7.27 623,971 96,132 10,451 0.0567 80,483 55,084 49,113 33,614 38,814 26,565
66.68 5.16 5.03 7.81 670,969 104,011 11,112 0.0529 92,865 63,558 56,111 38,403 44,508 30,462
66.68 5.99 5.87 8.95 772,153 121,347 12,475 0.0461 110,668 75,743 69,461 47,540 55,937 38,284
40

73.03 3.96 3.84 6.73 574,317 72,424 10,900 0.0613 43,228 29,586 28,527 19,524 22,556 15,438
73.03 4.45 4.32 7.50 642,072 81,537 12,028 0.0550 57,549 39,387 36,402 24,914 28,674 19,625
73.03 4.78 4.65 8.02 687,850 87,773 12,770 0.0515 67,347 46,093 41,801 28,609 32,945 22,548
73.03 5.16 5.03 8.61 740,084 94,967 13,599 0.0479 78,652 53,831 48,088 32,912 37,986 25,998
73.03 5.99 5.87 9.89 852,787 110,795 15,318 0.0417 101,893 69,737 61,809 42,303 49,260 33,715

88.90 3.96 3.84 8.28 706,089 59,491 16,622 0.0498 26,299 17,999 18,533 12,684 14,836 10,154

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

88.90 4.45 4.32 9.24 790,425 66,977 18,408 0.0447 34,668 23,727 23,759 16,261 18,924 12,952
88.90 4.78 4.65 9.88 847,547 72,099 19,593 0.0417 42,717 29,236 28,244 19,331 22,339 15,289

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

88.90 5.16 5.03 10.63 912,871 78,009 20,924 0.0388 52,003 35,592 33,356 22,829 26,291 17,994
88.90 5.99 5.87 12.23 1,054,373 91,010 23,719 0.0337 72,434 49,575 44,621 30,539 35,198 24,090

114.30 5.18 5.05 13.91 1,195,060 60,980 36,094 0.0297 27,817 19,039 19,507 13,351 15,601 10,678
114.30 5.69 5.56 15.21 1,309,051 67,108 39,188 0.0271 34,875 23,869 23,876 16,341 19,012 13,012
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Grade 100
689 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

114.30 5.99 5.87 15.98 1,376,910 70,786 41,001 0.0258 40,653 27,823 27,102 18,549 21,464 14,690
41

114.30 6.35 6.22 16.87 1,455,570 75,076 43,077 0.0245 47,394 32,437 30,823 21,096 24,325 16,648

168.28 7.11 6.99 28.20 2,438,225 57,239 109,002 0.0146 24,001 16,426 17,062 11,678 13,686 9,367
168.28 7.62 7.49 30.12 2,607,312 61,402 115,862 0.0137 28,248 19,333 19,783 13,540 15,819 10,827
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
 Grade 110
110,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

1.000 0.087 0.082 0.85 26,014 18,040 532 0.1484 16,561 11,334 10,123 6,929 8,087 5,535
1.000 0.095 0.090 0.92 28,303 19,800 569 0.1371 18,018 12,332 11,404 7,805 9,207 6,301
1.000 0.102 0.097 0.98 30,269 21,340 601 0.1287 19,270 13,189 12,536 8,580 10,207 6,986
1.000 0.109 0.104 1.04 32,202 22,880 630 0.1214 20,500 14,031 13,679 9,362 11,224 7,682
42

1.250 0.087 0.082 1.08 33,098 14,432 873 0.1165 11,091 7,591 6,946 4,754 5,493 3,759
1.250 0.095 0.090 1.17 36,078 15,840 940 0.1074 13,330 9,123 8,198 5,611 6,499 4,448
1.250 0.102 0.097 1.25 38,649 17,072 996 0.1007 15,289 10,464 9,309 6,371 7,405 5,068
1.250 0.109 0.104 1.33 41,187 18,304 1,049 0.0948 16,781 11,485 10,314 7,059 8,253 5,649
1.250 0.118 0.113 1.43 44,400 19,888 1,115 0.0883 18,090 12,381 11,468 7,849 9,264 6,340
1.250 0.125 0.120 1.50 46,860 21,120 1,164 0.0838 19,092 13,067 12,374 8,469 10,063 6,887
1.250 0.134 0.129 1.60 49,973 22,704 1,224 0.0788 20,361 13,935 13,548 9,272 11,107 7,602

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

1.250 0.145 0.140 1.71 53,702 24,640 1,294 0.0736 21,880 14,975 14,992 10,261 12,404 8,490
1.250 0.156 0.151 1.82 57,348 26,576 1,358 0.0691 23,366 15,992 16,443 11,254 13,720 9,390

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

1.250 0.175 0.170 2.01 63,448 29,920 1,459 0.0627 25,851 17,693 18,955 12,973 16,026 10,969

1.500 0.095 0.090 1.42 43,853 13,200 1,404 0.0883 9,131 6,250 5,861 4,011 4,634 3,172
1.500 0.102 0.097 1.52 47,030 14,227 1,492 0.0827 10,764 7,367 6,765 4,630 5,348 3,660
1.500 0.109 0.104 1.62 50,172 15,253 1,577 0.0778 12,397 8,485 7,674 5,252 6,076 4,159
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 110
110,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

1.500 0.118 0.113 1.74 54,162 16,573 1,682 0.0723 14,496 9,921 8,857 6,062 7,036 4,815
43

1.500 0.125 0.120 1.83 57,227 17,600 1,761 0.0686 16,129 11,039 9,790 6,700 7,801 5,339
1.500 0.134 0.129 1.95 61,118 18,920 1,859 0.0644 17,293 11,835 10,761 7,365 8,644 5,916
1.500 0.145 0.140 2.10 65,798 20,533 1,972 0.0600 18,617 12,742 11,942 8,173 9,681 6,626
1.500 0.156 0.151 2.24 70,393 22,147 2,080 0.0562 19,917 13,632 13,134 8,989 10,738 7,349
1.500 0.175 0.170 2.47 78,135 24,933 2,253 0.0508 22,108 15,131 15,212 10,411 12,602 8,625

1.750 0.102 0.097 1.79 55,410 12,194 2,088 0.0701 7,532 5,155 4,976 3,405 3,945 2,700
1.750 0.109 0.104 1.91 59,157 13,074 2,212 0.0659 8,931 6,113 5,750 3,936 4,547 3,112
1.750 0.118 0.113 2.05 63,925 14,206 2,366 0.0612 10,731 7,344 6,746 4,617 5,333 3,650
1.750 0.125 0.120 2.17 67,595 15,086 2,482 0.0580 12,130 8,302 7,525 5,150 5,956 4,077
1.750 0.134 0.129 2.31 72,263 16,217 2,626 0.0544 13,930 9,534 8,536 5,842 6,774 4,636

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

1.750 0.145 0.140 2.48 77,893 17,600 2,796 0.0507 16,129 11,039 9,790 6,700 7,801 5,339
1.750 0.156 0.151 2.65 83,439 18,983 2,959 0.0474 17,345 11,871 10,807 7,397 8,684 5,943

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

1.750 0.175 0.170 2.94 92,821 21,371 3,222 0.0428 19,295 13,206 12,560 8,596 10,228 7,000
1.750 0.188 0.183 3.13 99,097 23,006 3,390 0.0401 20,600 14,099 13,772 9,426 11,308 7,739

2.000 0.109 0.104 2.20 68,142 11,440 2,955 0.0572 6,332 4,334 4,306 2,947 3,430 2,348
2.000 0.118 0.113 2.37 73,687 12,430 3,167 0.0531 7,907 5,412 5,183 3,548 4,106 2,810
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 110
110,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

2.000 0.125 0.120 2.50 77,962 13,200 3,328 0.0503 9,131 6,250 5,861 4,011 4,634 3,172
2.000 0.134 0.129 2.67 83,408 14,190 3,528 0.0471 10,706 7,327 6,732 4,608 5,322 3,643
2.000 0.145 0.140 2.87 89,988 15,400 3,766 0.0438 12,630 8,644 7,805 5,342 6,182 4,231
2.000 0.156 0.151 3.07 96,484 16,610 3,994 0.0410 14,555 9,961 8,890 6,084 7,063 4,834
44

2.000 0.175 0.170 3.41 107,508 18,700 4,368 0.0369 17,111 11,711 10,601 7,256 8,504 5,820
2.000 0.188 0.183 3.63 114,908 20,130 4,609 0.0346 18,288 12,517 11,645 7,970 9,420 6,447
2.000 0.203 0.198 3.89 123,300 21,780 4,874 0.0323 19,624 13,431 12,862 8,803 10,496 7,184

2.375 0.125 0.120 3.00 93,513 11,116 4,830 0.0419 5,817 3,981 4,014 2,748 3,209 2,196
2.375 0.134 0.129 3.20 100,125 11,949 5,132 0.0393 7,143 4,889 4,759 3,257 3,778 2,586
2.375 0.145 0.140 3.45 108,130 12,968 5,492 0.0365 8,763 5,998 5,657 3,872 4,475 3,062
2.375 0.156 0.151 3.69 116,052 13,987 5,840 0.0341 10,384 7,107 6,554 4,485 5,181 3,546

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

2.375 0.175 0.170 4.11 129,539 15,747 6,417 0.0306 13,183 9,022 8,115 5,554 6,432 4,402
2.375 0.188 0.183 4.39 138,623 16,952 6,793 0.0287 15,098 10,333 9,199 6,296 7,315 5,007

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

2.375 0.203 0.198 4.70 148,959 18,341 7,209 0.0267 16,812 11,506 10,341 7,078 8,277 5,665
2.375 0.236 0.231 5.39 171,151 21,398 8,061 0.0234 19,317 13,221 12,579 8,609 10,245 7,012

2.625 0.145 0.140 3.84 120,226 11,733 6,825 0.0328 6,799 4,653 4,567 3,126 3,630 2,485
2.625 0.156 0.151 4.11 129,098 12,655 7,268 0.0306 8,265 5,657 5,382 3,683 4,260 2,915
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 110
110,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

2.625 0.175 0.170 4.57 144,226 14,248 8,004 0.0275 10,797 7,390 6,783 4,642 5,363 3,670
45

2.625 0.188 0.183 4.89 154,433 15,337 8,486 0.0257 12,530 8,576 7,749 5,303 6,136 4,200
2.625 0.203 0.198 5.25 166,065 16,594 9,023 0.0240 14,530 9,944 8,876 6,075 7,051 4,826
2.625 0.236 0.231 6.02 191,108 19,360 10,130 0.0209 17,656 12,084 11,082 7,585 8,924 6,108

2.875 0.156 0.151 4.53 142,143 11,555 8,852 0.0278 6,515 4,459 4,408 3,017 3,509 2,401
2.875 0.175 0.170 5.04 158,913 13,009 9,767 0.0250 8,827 6,041 5,693 3,896 4,502 3,081
2.875 0.188 0.183 5.39 170,243 14,003 10,370 0.0233 10,409 7,124 6,568 4,495 5,192 3,553
2.875 0.203 0.198 5.79 183,171 15,151 11,043 0.0217 12,235 8,374 7,583 5,190 6,003 4,109
2.875 0.236 0.231 6.64 211,065 17,677 12,439 0.0189 16,251 11,122 9,860 6,748 7,858 5,378

3.500 0.156 0.151 5.57 174,757 9,491 13,498 0.0226 3,952 2,705 2,846 1,948 2,296 1,572

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

3.500 0.175 0.170 6.21 195,630 10,686 14,948 0.0203 5,186 3,549 3,646 2,495 2,927 2,004
3.500 0.188 0.183 6.64 209,768 11,503 15,910 0.0189 6,432 4,402 4,362 2,985 3,473 2,377

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

3.500 0.203 0.198 7.14 225,936 12,446 16,991 0.0176 7,932 5,429 5,197 3,557 4,116 2,817
3.500 0.236 0.231 8.22 260,957 14,520 19,261 0.0153 11,231 7,686 7,024 4,807 5,555 3,802

4.500 0.204 0.199 9.35 295,777 9,729 29,310 0.0135 4,198 2,873 3,005 2,057 2,421 1,657
4.500 0.224 0.219 10.22 323,990 10,707 31,823 0.0123 5,208 3,564 3,660 2,505 2,939 2,011
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 110
110,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

4.500 0.236 0.231 10.74 340,785 11,293 33,295 0.0117 6,099 4,174 4,174 2,857 3,330 2,279
4.500 0.250 0.245 11.34 360,253 11,978 34,980 0.0111 7,188 4,919 4,784 3,274 3,797 2,599

6.625 0.280 0.275 18.95 603,461 9,132 88,515 0.0066 3,581 2,451 2,606 1,784 2,109 1,444
46

6.625 0.300 0.295 20.24 645,310 9,796 94,085 0.0062 4,267 2,921 3,050 2,087 2,456 1,681
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
 Grade 110
758 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

25.40 2.21 2.08 1.26 115,616 124,380 720 0.3273 114,181 78,147 69,798 47,770 55,757 38,161
25.40 2.41 2.29 1.36 125,789 136,515 771 0.3024 124,229 85,024 78,624 53,812 63,478 43,445
47

25.40 2.59 2.46 1.45 134,530 147,133 814 0.2838 132,861 90,932 86,435 59,157 70,376 48,167
25.40 2.77 2.64 1.54 143,120 157,751 854 0.2677 141,345 96,738 94,309 64,547 77,389 52,966

31.75 2.21 2.08 1.61 147,101 99,504 1,183 0.2569 76,467 52,335 47,889 32,776 37,870 25,919
31.75 2.41 2.29 1.74 160,347 109,212 1,273 0.2369 91,906 62,902 56,520 38,683 44,811 30,669
31.75 2.59 2.46 1.86 171,775 117,706 1,349 0.2220 105,415 72,147 64,180 43,925 51,056 34,943
31.75 2.77 2.64 1.97 183,053 126,201 1,422 0.2090 115,701 79,187 71,114 48,671 56,903 38,945
31.75 3.00 2.87 2.12 197,333 137,122 1,511 0.1946 124,726 85,364 79,069 54,116 63,869 43,713
31.75 3.18 3.05 2.23 208,267 145,616 1,577 0.1849 131,637 90,094 85,315 58,391 69,384 47,487
31.75 3.40 3.28 2.37 222,103 156,537 1,659 0.1738 140,383 96,080 93,407 63,929 76,582 52,414
31.75 3.68 3.56 2.54 238,677 169,885 1,752 0.1622 150,858 103,249 103,365 70,745 85,523 58,533
31.75 3.96 3.84 2.71 254,879 183,234 1,840 0.1523 161,099 110,258 113,372 77,594 94,595 64,742
31.75 4.45 4.32 2.99 281,989 206,289 1,977 0.1382 178,234 121,986 130,689 89,446 110,495 75,625

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

38.10 2.41 2.29 2.12 194,904 91,010 1,902 0.1948 62,958 43,090 40,409 27,656 31,950 21,867

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

38.10 2.59 2.46 2.26 209,021 98,089 2,021 0.1823 74,216 50,794 46,639 31,921 36,874 25,237
38.10 2.77 2.64 2.41 222,987 105,167 2,136 0.1715 85,473 58,499 52,910 36,212 41,894 28,673
38.10 3.00 2.87 2.59 240,722 114,268 2,278 0.1594 99,947 68,405 61,066 41,794 48,508 33,200
38.10 3.18 3.05 2.73 254,343 121,347 2,385 0.1512 111,204 76,110 67,498 46,196 53,782 36,809
38.10 3.40 3.28 2.91 271,636 130,448 2,518 0.1420 119,229 81,602 74,196 50,781 59,595 40,787
38.10 3.68 3.56 3.12 292,433 141,571 2,672 0.1323 128,358 87,850 82,335 56,351 66,748 45,683
38.10 3.96 3.84 3.33 312,859 152,695 2,818 0.1240 137,323 93,986 90,553 61,976 74,036 50,671
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Grade 110
758 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

38.10 4.45 4.32 3.68 347,265 171,908 3,051 0.1121 152,425 104,322 104,879 71,781 86,890 59,469

44.45 2.59 2.46 2.67 246,266 84,076 2,829 0.1546 51,931 35,542 34,305 23,479 27,197 18,614
44.45 2.77 2.64 2.84 262,920 90,143 2,996 0.1453 61,580 42,146 39,647 27,135 31,353 21,458
44.45 3.00 2.87 3.06 284,110 97,944 3,205 0.1350 73,986 50,637 46,512 31,833 36,772 25,168
48

44.45 3.18 3.05 3.22 300,420 104,011 3,362 0.1280 83,635 57,241 51,882 35,509 41,067 28,107
44.45 3.40 3.28 3.44 321,168 111,812 3,558 0.1200 96,041 65,732 58,853 40,280 46,705 31,966
44.45 3.68 3.56 3.69 346,190 121,347 3,788 0.1117 111,204 76,110 67,498 46,196 53,782 36,809
44.45 3.96 3.84 3.95 370,839 130,881 4,008 0.1045 119,588 81,848 74,511 50,997 59,870 40,976
44.45 4.45 4.32 4.38 412,540 147,350 4,364 0.0943 133,036 91,051 86,595 59,267 70,518 48,264
44.45 4.78 4.65 4.66 440,433 158,617 4,592 0.0885 142,031 97,208 94,954 64,988 77,966 53,361

50.80 2.77 2.64 3.27 302,853 78,875 4,003 0.1261 43,660 29,882 29,687 20,318 23,652 16,188
50.80 3.00 2.87 3.53 327,499 85,701 4,290 0.1171 54,515 37,311 35,739 24,460 28,307 19,373
50.80 3.18 3.05 3.72 346,497 91,010 4,507 0.1109 62,958 43,090 40,409 27,656 31,950 21,867

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

50.80 3.40 3.28 3.97 370,701 97,836 4,780 0.1040 73,814 50,519 46,416 31,768 36,696 25,115
50.80 3.68 3.56 4.27 399,946 106,178 5,101 0.0966 87,081 59,600 53,810 36,829 42,620 29,170

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

50.80 3.96 3.84 4.57 428,819 114,521 5,410 0.0904 100,349 68,680 61,294 41,951 48,695 33,327
50.80 4.45 4.32 5.07 477,815 128,931 5,916 0.0814 117,972 80,742 73,093 50,026 58,631 40,128
50.80 4.78 4.65 5.41 510,700 138,790 6,243 0.0763 126,091 86,298 80,292 54,953 64,946 44,450
50.80 5.16 5.03 5.79 547,999 150,167 6,602 0.0713 135,300 92,601 88,679 60,693 72,369 49,530

60.33 3.18 3.05 4.46 415,612 76,640 6,542 0.0924 40,105 27,449 27,679 18,944 22,124 15,142
60.33 3.40 3.28 4.77 444,999 82,388 6,952 0.0866 49,246 33,705 32,812 22,457 26,046 17,826
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Grade 110
758 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

60.33 3.68 3.56 5.13 480,580 89,413 7,439 0.0804 60,419 41,352 39,005 26,696 30,850 21,114
60.33 3.96 3.84 5.50 515,789 96,439 7,912 0.0751 71,592 48,998 45,185 30,925 35,718 24,446
49

60.33 4.45 4.32 6.11 575,728 108,573 8,692 0.0675 90,890 62,207 55,949 38,292 44,348 30,352
60.33 4.78 4.65 6.53 616,101 116,876 9,202 0.0632 104,094 71,244 63,426 43,410 50,438 34,521
60.33 5.16 5.03 7.00 662,039 126,456 9,766 0.0590 115,914 79,333 71,299 48,798 57,064 39,056
60.33 5.99 5.87 8.01 760,671 147,532 10,919 0.0515 133,183 91,152 86,730 59,359 70,638 48,346

66.68 3.68 3.56 5.71 534,336 80,898 9,245 0.0723 46,876 32,083 31,490 21,552 25,031 17,131
66.68 3.96 3.84 6.11 573,768 87,254 9,845 0.0675 56,985 39,001 37,106 25,396 29,369 20,101
66.68 4.45 4.32 6.81 641,004 98,233 10,842 0.0606 74,446 50,952 46,767 32,008 36,975 25,306
66.68 4.78 4.65 7.27 686,368 105,745 11,496 0.0567 86,392 59,128 53,424 36,564 42,309 28,957
66.68 5.16 5.03 7.81 738,066 114,413 12,223 0.0529 100,177 68,562 61,196 41,884 48,615 33,273
66.68 5.99 5.87 8.95 849,369 133,481 13,722 0.0461 121,735 83,317 76,407 52,294 61,531 42,113

73.03 3.96 3.84 6.73 631,748 79,667 11,990 0.0613 44,919 30,743 30,394 20,802 24,192 16,557

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

73.03 4.45 4.32 7.50 706,279 89,691 13,230 0.0550 60,861 41,654 39,249 26,863 31,041 21,245
73.03 4.78 4.65 8.02 756,635 96,550 14,047 0.0515 71,769 49,119 45,283 30,992 35,796 24,499

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

73.03 5.16 5.03 8.61 814,092 104,464 14,958 0.0479 84,354 57,733 52,284 35,784 41,391 28,328
73.03 5.99 5.87 9.89 938,066 121,874 16,850 0.0417 112,043 76,684 67,980 46,527 54,180 37,081

88.90 3.96 3.84 8.28 776,698 65,441 18,284 0.0498 27,250 18,650 19,625 13,431 15,833 10,837
88.90 4.45 4.32 9.24 869,467 73,675 20,248 0.0447 35,755 24,471 25,139 17,206 20,184 13,814
88.90 4.78 4.65 9.88 932,302 79,309 21,552 0.0417 44,349 30,353 30,074 20,583 23,947 16,390
88.90 5.16 5.03 10.63 1,004,159 85,809 23,016 0.0388 54,688 37,429 35,834 24,525 28,381 19,424
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Grade 110
758 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

88.90 5.99 5.87 12.23 1,159,810 100,111 26,091 0.0337 77,432 52,996 48,426 33,143 38,298 26,211

114.30 5.18 5.05 13.91 1,314,566 67,078 39,703 0.0297 28,941 19,808 20,718 14,180 16,690 11,423
114.30 5.69 5.56 15.21 1,439,957 73,819 43,107 0.0271 35,905 24,574 25,237 17,272 20,261 13,867
114.30 5.99 5.87 15.98 1,514,601 77,864 45,102 0.0258 42,052 28,781 28,781 19,698 22,961 15,715
50

114.30 6.35 6.22 16.87 1,601,127 82,583 47,384 0.0245 49,557 33,917 32,985 22,576 26,179 17,917

168.28 7.11 6.99 28.20 2,682,047 62,963 119,902 0.0146 24,691 16,899 17,971 12,299 14,543 9,953
168.28 7.62 7.49 30.12 2,868,044 67,542 127,448 0.0137 29,421 20,136 21,028 14,392 16,933 11,589
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
 Grade 120
120,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

1.000 0.087 0.082 0.85 28,378 19,680 580 0.1484 18,066 12,365 11,044 7,558 8,822 6,038
51

1.000 0.095 0.090 0.92 30,876 21,600 621 0.1371 19,656 13,453 12,440 8,514 10,044 6,874
1.000 0.102 0.097 0.98 33,021 23,280 655 0.1287 21,022 14,388 13,676 9,360 11,135 7,621
1.000 0.109 0.104 1.04 35,130 24,960 688 0.1214 22,364 15,306 14,922 10,213 12,245 8,381

1.250 0.087 0.082 1.08 36,107 15,744 953 0.1165 11,755 8,046 7,472 5,114 5,925 4,055
1.250 0.095 0.090 1.17 39,358 17,280 1,025 0.1074 14,228 9,738 8,854 6,060 7,032 4,813
1.250 0.102 0.097 1.25 42,163 18,624 1,086 0.1007 16,391 11,218 10,077 6,897 8,027 5,494
1.250 0.109 0.104 1.33 44,931 19,968 1,145 0.0948 18,307 12,529 11,252 7,701 9,003 6,162
1.250 0.118 0.113 1.43 48,436 21,696 1,217 0.0883 19,735 13,507 12,511 8,562 10,106 6,916
1.250 0.125 0.120 1.50 51,120 23,040 1,270 0.0838 20,828 14,255 13,499 9,239 10,978 7,514
1.250 0.134 0.129 1.60 54,516 24,768 1,336 0.0788 22,212 15,202 14,779 10,115 12,117 8,293

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

1.250 0.145 0.140 1.71 58,584 26,880 1,411 0.0736 23,869 16,337 16,355 11,194 13,532 9,261
1.250 0.156 0.151 1.82 62,561 28,992 1,482 0.0691 25,490 17,446 17,938 12,277 14,967 10,244

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

1.250 0.175 0.170 2.01 69,216 32,640 1,592 0.0627 28,201 19,301 20,678 14,152 17,483 11,966

1.500 0.095 0.090 1.42 47,840 14,400 1,531 0.0883 9,592 6,565 6,269 4,291 4,977 3,406
1.500 0.102 0.097 1.52 51,305 15,520 1,627 0.0827 11,395 7,799 7,271 4,977 5,765 3,946
1.500 0.109 0.104 1.62 54,733 16,640 1,720 0.0778 13,198 9,033 8,276 5,664 6,567 4,495
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 120
120,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

1.500 0.118 0.113 1.74 59,086 18,080 1,835 0.0723 15,515 10,619 9,580 6,557 7,622 5,216
1.500 0.125 0.120 1.83 62,430 19,200 1,921 0.0686 17,318 11,853 10,607 7,259 8,461 5,791
1.500 0.134 0.129 1.95 66,674 20,640 2,027 0.0644 18,865 12,911 11,740 8,035 9,429 6,454
1.500 0.145 0.140 2.10 71,779 22,400 2,152 0.0600 20,309 13,900 13,027 8,916 10,561 7,228
52

1.500 0.156 0.151 2.24 76,793 24,160 2,269 0.0562 21,728 14,871 14,328 9,806 11,714 8,017
1.500 0.175 0.170 2.47 85,238 27,200 2,457 0.0508 24,117 16,506 16,594 11,357 13,748 9,409

1.750 0.102 0.097 1.79 60,447 13,303 2,278 0.0701 7,826 5,356 5,283 3,616 4,212 2,883
1.750 0.109 0.104 1.91 64,535 14,263 2,413 0.0659 9,371 6,414 6,147 4,207 4,881 3,340
1.750 0.118 0.113 2.05 69,736 15,497 2,581 0.0612 11,358 7,774 7,251 4,963 5,749 3,935
1.750 0.125 0.120 2.17 73,739 16,457 2,708 0.0580 12,903 8,831 8,112 5,552 6,435 4,404
1.750 0.134 0.129 2.31 78,832 17,691 2,865 0.0544 14,890 10,191 9,227 6,315 7,334 5,020

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

1.750 0.145 0.140 2.48 84,974 19,200 3,050 0.0507 17,318 11,853 10,607 7,259 8,461 5,791
1.750 0.156 0.151 2.65 91,024 20,709 3,227 0.0474 18,922 12,950 11,790 8,069 9,473 6,483

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

1.750 0.175 0.170 2.94 101,260 23,314 3,515 0.0428 21,049 14,407 13,701 9,377 11,158 7,636
1.750 0.188 0.183 3.13 108,106 25,097 3,698 0.0401 22,473 15,381 15,024 10,283 12,336 8,443

2.000 0.109 0.104 2.20 74,337 12,480 3,224 0.0572 6,502 4,450 4,532 3,102 3,637 2,489
2.000 0.118 0.113 2.37 80,386 13,560 3,455 0.0531 8,240 5,640 5,515 3,775 4,391 3,005
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 120
120,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

2.000 0.125 0.120 2.50 85,049 14,400 3,630 0.0503 9,592 6,565 6,269 4,291 4,977 3,406
53

2.000 0.134 0.129 2.67 90,990 15,480 3,849 0.0471 11,330 7,755 7,236 4,952 5,737 3,926
2.000 0.145 0.140 2.87 98,168 16,800 4,108 0.0438 13,455 9,209 8,420 5,763 6,683 4,574
2.000 0.156 0.151 3.07 105,256 18,120 4,357 0.0410 15,580 10,663 9,617 6,582 7,651 5,237
2.000 0.175 0.170 3.41 117,282 20,400 4,765 0.0369 18,666 12,775 11,565 7,915 9,277 6,349
2.000 0.188 0.183 3.63 125,354 21,960 5,028 0.0346 19,951 13,655 12,704 8,695 10,276 7,033
2.000 0.203 0.198 3.89 134,509 23,760 5,317 0.0323 21,408 14,652 14,031 9,603 11,451 7,837

2.375 0.125 0.120 3.00 102,014 12,126 5,269 0.0419 5,932 4,060 4,204 2,877 3,388 2,319
2.375 0.134 0.129 3.20 109,227 13,036 5,599 0.0393 7,396 5,062 5,041 3,450 4,026 2,755
2.375 0.145 0.140 3.45 117,961 14,147 5,991 0.0365 9,185 6,287 6,043 4,136 4,800 3,285
2.375 0.156 0.151 3.69 126,603 15,259 6,371 0.0341 10,975 7,511 7,038 4,817 5,580 3,819

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

2.375 0.175 0.170 4.11 141,315 17,179 7,000 0.0306 14,065 9,626 8,762 5,997 6,959 4,763
2.375 0.188 0.183 4.39 151,225 18,493 7,410 0.0287 16,180 11,074 9,957 6,815 7,929 5,427

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

2.375 0.203 0.198 4.70 162,501 20,008 7,865 0.0267 18,340 12,552 11,281 7,721 9,029 6,180
2.375 0.236 0.231 5.39 186,710 23,343 8,793 0.0234 21,073 14,422 13,723 9,392 11,177 7,649

2.625 0.145 0.140 3.84 131,155 12,800 7,445 0.0328 7,017 4,802 4,826 3,303 3,861 2,643
2.625 0.156 0.151 4.11 140,834 13,806 7,928 0.0306 8,635 5,910 5,737 3,926 4,562 3,122
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 120
120,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

2.625 0.175 0.170 4.57 157,337 15,543 8,731 0.0275 11,432 7,824 7,292 4,991 5,782 3,957
2.625 0.188 0.183 4.89 168,472 16,731 9,258 0.0257 13,345 9,133 8,359 5,721 6,633 4,540
2.625 0.203 0.198 5.25 181,162 18,103 9,843 0.0240 15,552 10,644 9,601 6,571 7,639 5,228
2.625 0.236 0.231 6.02 208,481 21,120 11,051 0.0209 19,261 13,183 12,089 8,274 9,736 6,663
54

2.875 0.156 0.151 4.53 155,065 12,605 9,656 0.0278 6,703 4,588 4,647 3,181 3,725 2,550
2.875 0.175 0.170 5.04 173,359 14,191 10,655 0.0250 9,256 6,335 6,083 4,163 4,831 3,306
2.875 0.188 0.183 5.39 185,719 15,277 11,313 0.0233 11,003 7,531 7,053 4,827 5,593 3,828
2.875 0.203 0.198 5.79 199,823 16,529 12,047 0.0217 13,018 8,910 8,176 5,596 6,487 4,440
2.875 0.236 0.231 6.64 230,253 19,283 13,570 0.0189 17,453 11,945 10,684 7,312 8,525 5,834

3.500 0.156 0.151 5.57 190,644 10,354 14,725 0.0226 4,049 2,772 2,980 2,039 2,424 1,659

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

3.500 0.175 0.170 6.21 213,415 11,657 16,307 0.0203 5,412 3,704 3,869 2,648 3,124 2,138
3.500 0.188 0.183 6.64 228,838 12,549 17,356 0.0189 6,612 4,525 4,595 3,145 3,685 2,522

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

3.500 0.203 0.198 7.14 246,475 13,577 18,536 0.0176 8,268 5,658 5,531 3,785 4,403 3,013
3.500 0.236 0.231 8.22 284,681 15,840 21,012 0.0153 11,910 8,151 7,558 5,173 5,993 4,102

4.500 0.204 0.199 9.35 322,666 10,613 31,974 0.0135 4,320 2,957 3,156 2,160 2,562 1,754
4.500 0.224 0.219 10.22 353,444 11,680 34,716 0.0123 5,436 3,721 3,885 2,659 3,137 2,147
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.
 Grade 120
120,000 psi Yield Strength (english units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
in in in lb/ft lb psi ft-lb ft* psi psi psi psi psi psi

4.500 0.236 0.231 10.74 371,766 12,320 36,322 0.0117 6,244 4,273 4,384 3,001 3,525 2,413
55

4.500 0.250 0.245 11.34 393,004 13,067 38,160 0.0111 7,446 5,096 5,069 3,469 4,047 2,770

6.625 0.280 0.275 18.95 658,321 9,962 96,561 0.0066 3,639 2,491 2,711 1,856 2,215 1,516
6.625 0.300 0.295 20.24 703,974 10,687 102,639 0.0062 4,397 3,010 3,207 2,195 2,601 1,780
* Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft. long.

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
 Grade 120
827 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

25.40 2.21 2.08 1.26 126,126 135,688 785 0.3273 124,561 85,251 76,143 52,113 60,826 41,630
25.40 2.41 2.29 1.36 137,225 148,926 841 0.3024 135,522 92,753 85,772 58,704 69,249 47,395
25.40 2.59 2.46 1.45 146,760 160,509 887 0.2838 144,939 99,198 94,293 64,535 76,774 52,545
25.40 2.77 2.64 1.54 156,131 172,092 931 0.2677 154,194 105,533 102,883 70,414 84,424 57,781
56

31.75 2.21 2.08 1.61 160,474 108,550 1,290 0.2569 81,050 55,472 51,516 35,258 40,848 27,957
31.75 2.41 2.29 1.74 174,924 119,140 1,389 0.2369 98,096 67,138 61,044 41,779 48,487 33,185
31.75 2.59 2.46 1.86 187,391 128,407 1,471 0.2220 113,012 77,347 69,479 47,552 55,346 37,879
31.75 2.77 2.64 1.97 199,695 137,673 1,551 0.2090 126,219 86,386 77,579 53,096 62,076 42,486
31.75 3.00 2.87 2.12 215,272 149,587 1,648 0.1946 136,065 93,125 86,257 59,035 69,675 47,687
31.75 3.18 3.05 2.23 227,200 158,854 1,721 0.1849 143,604 98,285 93,071 63,699 75,691 51,804
31.75 3.40 3.28 2.37 242,295 170,768 1,809 0.1738 153,145 104,814 101,898 69,741 83,544 57,179
31.75 3.68 3.56 2.54 260,375 185,330 1,911 0.1622 164,573 112,636 112,762 77,176 93,298 63,855
31.75 3.96 3.84 2.71 278,050 199,891 2,007 0.1523 175,744 120,282 123,679 84,648 103,195 70,628
31.75 4.45 4.32 2.99 307,625 225,043 2,157 0.1382 194,437 133,076 142,570 97,577 120,540 82,500

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

38.10 2.41 2.29 2.12 212,623 99,284 2,074 0.1948 66,134 45,263 43,226 29,584 34,312 23,484

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

38.10 2.59 2.46 2.26 228,023 107,006 2,204 0.1823 78,564 53,770 50,134 34,312 39,750 27,206
38.10 2.77 2.64 2.41 243,258 114,728 2,330 0.1715 90,994 62,277 57,062 39,054 45,279 30,990
38.10 3.00 2.87 2.59 262,605 124,656 2,486 0.1594 106,975 73,215 66,052 45,207 52,549 35,965
38.10 3.18 3.05 2.73 277,465 132,378 2,602 0.1512 119,404 81,722 73,129 50,050 58,338 39,927
38.10 3.40 3.28 2.91 296,330 142,307 2,746 0.1420 130,068 89,021 80,941 55,397 65,012 44,495
38.10 3.68 3.56 3.12 319,018 154,441 2,915 0.1323 140,027 95,836 89,820 61,474 72,816 49,836
38.10 3.96 3.84 3.33 341,301 166,576 3,074 0.1240 149,807 102,530 98,785 67,610 80,767 55,278
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Grade 120
827 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

38.10 4.45 4.32 3.68 378,834 187,536 3,329 0.1121 166,282 113,806 114,414 78,306 94,789 64,875
57

44.45 2.59 2.46 2.67 268,654 91,719 3,086 0.1546 53,958 36,930 36,426 24,930 29,039 19,874
44.45 2.77 2.64 2.84 286,822 98,338 3,268 0.1453 64,612 44,221 42,379 29,005 33,651 23,031
44.45 3.00 2.87 3.06 309,939 106,848 3,496 0.1350 78,310 53,597 49,992 34,216 39,638 27,129
44.45 3.18 3.05 3.22 327,731 113,467 3,668 0.1280 88,964 60,888 55,928 38,278 44,370 30,367
44.45 3.40 3.28 3.44 350,365 121,977 3,881 0.1200 102,662 70,263 63,615 43,539 50,568 34,610
44.45 3.68 3.56 3.69 377,661 132,378 4,132 0.1117 119,404 81,722 73,129 50,050 58,338 39,927
44.45 3.96 3.84 3.95 404,552 142,779 4,372 0.1045 130,460 89,288 81,285 55,633 65,313 44,701
44.45 4.45 4.32 4.38 450,044 160,745 4,761 0.0943 145,130 99,329 94,468 64,655 76,929 52,651
44.45 4.78 4.65 4.66 480,473 173,037 5,010 0.0885 154,943 106,045 103,587 70,896 85,054 58,212

50.80 2.77 2.64 3.27 330,385 86,046 4,367 0.1261 44,826 30,680 31,248 21,387 25,079 17,164
50.80 3.00 2.87 3.53 357,272 93,492 4,680 0.1171 56,812 38,883 38,027 26,026 30,273 20,719
50.80 3.18 3.05 3.72 377,996 99,284 4,917 0.1109 66,134 45,263 43,226 29,584 34,312 23,484

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

50.80 3.40 3.28 3.97 404,401 106,730 5,214 0.1040 78,120 53,466 49,887 34,143 39,555 27,072
50.80 3.68 3.56 4.27 436,304 115,831 5,564 0.0966 92,769 63,493 58,056 39,734 46,078 31,536

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

50.80 3.96 3.84 4.57 467,802 124,932 5,902 0.0904 107,418 73,519 66,303 45,379 52,754 36,105
50.80 4.45 4.32 5.07 521,253 140,652 6,454 0.0814 128,696 88,082 79,738 54,574 63,961 43,776
50.80 4.78 4.65 5.41 557,128 151,408 6,811 0.0763 137,554 94,144 87,591 59,949 70,850 48,491
50.80 5.16 5.03 5.79 597,817 163,818 7,202 0.0713 147,600 101,020 96,741 66,211 78,948 54,033

60.33 3.18 3.05 4.46 453,395 83,607 7,137 0.0924 40,901 27,993 28,985 19,838 23,362 15,989
60.33 3.40 3.28 4.77 485,454 89,878 7,584 0.0866 50,994 34,901 34,756 23,787 27,756 18,997
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Grade 120
827 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

60.33 3.68 3.56 5.13 524,269 97,542 8,116 0.0804 63,330 43,344 41,666 28,517 33,095 22,651
60.33 3.96 3.84 5.50 562,679 105,206 8,631 0.0751 75,667 51,787 48,523 33,210 38,476 26,333
60.33 4.45 4.32 6.11 628,067 118,444 9,482 0.0675 96,975 66,371 60,414 41,348 47,978 32,837
60.33 4.78 4.65 6.53 672,110 127,501 10,038 0.0632 111,554 76,349 68,650 46,985 54,668 37,415
60.33 5.16 5.03 7.00 722,225 137,952 10,653 0.0590 126,451 86,545 77,780 53,234 62,252 42,606
58

60.33 5.99 5.87 8.01 829,823 160,944 11,912 0.0515 145,290 99,439 94,615 64,756 77,060 52,741

66.68 3.68 3.56 5.71 582,912 88,252 10,085 0.0723 48,377 33,110 33,274 22,773 26,622 18,221
66.68 3.96 3.84 6.11 625,929 95,186 10,740 0.0675 59,539 40,749 39,551 27,070 31,452 21,526
66.68 4.45 4.32 6.81 699,277 107,163 11,827 0.0606 78,817 53,944 50,275 34,409 39,862 27,282
66.68 4.78 4.65 7.27 748,765 115,358 12,541 0.0567 92,008 62,972 57,630 39,443 45,735 31,302
66.68 5.16 5.03 7.81 805,163 124,814 13,334 0.0529 107,228 73,388 66,196 45,305 52,666 36,045
66.68 5.99 5.87 8.95 926,584 145,616 14,970 0.0461 132,802 90,891 83,353 57,048 67,125 45,941

73.03 3.96 3.84 6.73 689,180 86,909 13,081 0.0613 46,216 31,631 32,043 21,931 25,684 17,578

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

73.03 4.45 4.32 7.50 770,486 97,845 14,433 0.0550 63,818 43,678 41,937 28,702 33,306 22,795
73.03 4.78 4.65 8.02 825,420 105,327 15,324 0.0515 75,862 51,921 48,632 33,284 38,561 26,392

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

73.03 5.16 5.03 8.61 888,101 113,960 16,318 0.0479 89,758 61,432 56,372 38,582 44,725 30,611
73.03 5.99 5.87 9.89 1,023,345 132,954 18,382 0.0417 120,331 82,356 73,660 50,414 58,774 40,226

88.90 3.96 3.84 8.28 847,307 71,390 19,947 0.0498 27,920 19,109 20,543 14,060 16,712 11,438
88.90 4.45 4.32 9.24 948,510 80,373 22,089 0.0447 37,317 25,540 26,678 18,259 21,540 14,742
88.90 4.78 4.65 9.88 1,017,057 86,519 23,511 0.0417 45,587 31,200 31,684 21,685 25,410 17,391
88.90 5.16 5.03 10.63 1,095,446 93,610 25,108 0.0388 57,002 39,013 38,133 26,099 30,355 20,775
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Grade 120
827 MPa Yield Strength (metric units)

Wall
Collapse Pressures
Thickness

Yield Yield Yield Elastic

OD Nom. Min. Wt. Ovality = 0% Ovality = 2% Ovality = 4%
Load Press. Torque Stretch
Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2 Fa=0 Fa=Fy/2
mm mm mm kg/m N kPa N-m m* kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa

88.90 5.99 5.87 12.23 1,265,248 109,212 28,463 0.0337 82,115 56,201 52,109 35,664 41,320 28,280
59

114.30 5.18 5.05 13.91 1,434,073 73,176 43,312 0.0297 29,788 20,387 21,763 14,895 17,666 12,091
114.30 5.69 5.56 15.21 1,570,862 80,530 47,026 0.0271 37,482 25,653 26,786 18,333 21,625 14,801
114.30 5.99 5.87 15.98 1,652,292 84,943 49,202 0.0258 43,050 29,464 30,228 20,688 24,304 16,634
114.30 6.35 6.22 16.87 1,746,684 90,091 51,692 0.0245 51,337 35,136 34,949 23,920 27,905 19,098

168.28 7.11 6.99 28.20 2,925,870 68,687 130,802 0.0146 25,092 17,174 18,693 12,793 15,271 10,451
168.28 7.62 7.49 30.12 3,128,775 73,682 139,034 0.0137 30,318 20,750 22,108 15,131 17,936 12,276
* Meters of stretch when 1,000 kgs of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.

Coiled Tubing Performance Data

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Performance Data

This page left blank for printing purposes.

60
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Drill Pipe Yield Strength & Pressure

Drill Pipe Yield Strength & Pressure

The following tables contain the sizes, volumes, displacements, torsional and tensile yield
strengths, internal pressures and collapse pressures for new and used drill pipe (DP) of dif-
ferent grades. Upsets and couplings are not considered in these calculations.

Equations
The following equations are used in any consistent units. The values must then be con-
verted to the units shown in the tables.
The internal volume is:

(1)
The external displacement is:

(2)
The tensile yield strength is:

P = Ym A
(3)
The torsional yield strength is:

0.096167 JYm
Q=
Do
(4)
The internal pressure is:

2Ymt
Pi =
Do
(5)

For new drill pipe the nominal wall thickness t in equation (4) is multiplied by the factor
0.875 due to permissible wall thickness tolerance of minus 12.5 percent.

*
For used drill pipe, replace Do by Do and t by t * in the above equations as per the
following table.
anchor

Drill Pipe Type Do t*

Premium class Do − 0.4t 0.8t
Class 2 Do − 0.6t 0.7t
The collapse pressure calculation is based on the equations in reference 1. As the equations
are lengthy, they are not reproduced in this handbook.

1
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Drill Pipe Yield Strength & Pressure

Nomenclature

π 2 2
A =
cross sectional area of the DP wall = ( Do − Di )
4
Ai = internal cross sectional area of DP =

As = average area of steel

Do = outside diameter of the DP

Di = inside diameter of the DP

π
J = polar moment of inertia = 4 4
( Do − Di )
32
P = minimum tensile strength

Pi = internal pressure

Q = minimum torsional yield strength

t = nominal wall thickness =

Do − Di
2
Vi = internal volume

Vo = external displacement

Ym = minimum yield strength of the material

References
API Recommended Practice 7G, Sixteenth Edition: “Recommended Practice for Drill Stem
Design and Operating Limits”, December 1998

2
 Drill Pipe Yield Strength
English Units

Outside Weight w/ Internal Torsional Yield Strength Tensile Yield Strength

Diameter Couplings Diameter ft-lb lb
in lb/ft in E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135

2.375 * 4.80 2.000 4,716 5,973 6,602 8,488 96,641 122,412 135,297 173,953
4.85 1.995 4,763 6,033 6,668 8,574 97,817 123,902 136,944 176,071
6.65 1.815 6,250 7,917 8,751 11,251 138,214 175,072 193,500 248,786

2.875 * 6.45 2.469 7,674 9,721 10,744 13,814 127,804 161,885 178,925 230,047
6.85 2.441 8,083 10,238 11,316 14,549 135,902 172,143 190,263 244,624
* 8.35 2.323 9,655 12,229 13,517 17,378 169,015 214,086 236,622 304,228
3

10.40 2.151 11,554 14,636 16,176 20,798 214,344 271,503 300,082 385,820

3.500 8.50 3.063 12,552 15,899 17,572 22,593 168,941 213,992 236,517 304,094
9.50 2.992 14,146 17,919 19,805 25,463 194,264 246,068 271,970 349,676
* 11.20 2.900 16,050 20,330 22,470 28,890 226,195 286,513 316,673 407,150
13.30 2.764 18,551 23,499 25,972 33,393 271,569 343,988 380,197 488,825
15.50 2.602 21,086 26,709 29,520 37,954 322,775 408,848 451,885 580,995

4.000 11.85 3.476 19,474 24,668 27,264 35,054 230,755 292,290 323,057 415,360
14.00 3.340 23,288 29,498 32,603 41,918 285,359 361,454 399,502 513,646

Drill Pipe Yield Strength & Pressure

4.500 * 12.75 4.000 24,242 30,707 33,939 43,636 250,346 317,105 350,484 450,622
* 13.75 3.958 25,908 32,816 36,271 46,634 270,034 342,043 378,047 486,061

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

16.60 3.826 30,807 39,022 43,130 55,453 330,558 418,707 462,781 595,004
20.00 3.640 36,901 46,741 51,661 66,422 412,358 522,320 577,301 742,244

5.000 16.25 4.408 35,044 44,390 49,062 63,080 328,073 415,559 459,302 590,531
19.50 4.276 41,167 52,145 57,633 74,100 395,595 501,087 553,833 712,070

* Not API Standard.

 Drill Pipe Yield Strength

Drill Pipe Yield Strength & Pressure

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units

Outside Weight w/ Internal Torsional Yield Strength Tensile Yield Strength

Diameter Couplings Diameter ft-lb lb
in lb/ft in E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135

5.500 21.90 4.778 50,710 64,233 70,994 91,279 437,116 553,681 611,963 786,809
24.70 4.670 56,574 71,661 79,204 101,834 497,222 629,814 696,111 894,999

5.563 19.00 4.975 43,889 55,593 61,445 79,000 364,667 461,912 510,534 656,401
22.20 4.859 50,912 64,488 71,276 91,641 431,862 547,026 604,607 777,352
25.25 4.733 57,991 73,455 81,187 104,383 503,054 637,202 704,276 905,498

6.625 22.20 6.065 61,276 77,616 85,786 110,297 418,602 530,229 586,042 753,483
25.20 5.965 70,581 89,402 98,813 127,045 489,464 619,988 685,250 881,035
31.90 5.761 88,163 111,673 123,429 158,694 630,371 798,469 882,519 1,134,667
4

7.625 29.25 6.969 94,868 120,167 132,816 170,763 563,935 714,318 789,510 1,015,084

8.625 40.00 7.825 146,525 185,599 205,135 263,746 775,188 981,905 1,085,263 1,395,338
* Not API Standard.
anchor
anchor
 Drill Pipe Yield Strength
Metric Units

Outside Weight w/ Internal Torsional Yield Strength Tensile Yield Strength

Diameter Couplings Diameter m-Kg Kg
mm Kg/m mm E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135

60.33 * 7.14 50.80 652 826 913 1,174 43,835 55,525 61,369 78,904
7.22 50.67 659 834 922 1,185 44,369 56,201 62,117 79,864
9.90 46.10 864 1,095 1,210 1,555 62,693 79,411 87,770 112,847

73.03 * 9.60 62.71 1,061 1,344 1,485 1,910 57,971 73,429 81,159 104,347
10.19 62.00 1,117 1,415 1,564 2,011 61,644 78,082 86,301 110,959
* 12.42 59.00 1,335 1,691 1,869 2,403 76,664 97,107 107,329 137,995
5

15.48 54.64 1,597 2,023 2,236 2,875 97,224 123,151 136,114 175,004

88.90 12.65 77.80 1,735 2,198 2,429 3,124 76,630 97,065 107,282 137,934
14.14 76.00 1,956 2,477 2,738 3,520 88,116 111,614 123,363 158,610
* 16.67 73.66 2,219 2,811 3,107 3,994 102,600 129,960 143,639 184,679
19.79 70.21 2,565 3,249 3,591 4,617 123,181 156,029 172,454 221,726
23.06 66.09 2,915 3,693 4,081 5,247 146,407 185,449 204,970 263,533

101.60 17.63 88.29 2,692 3,410 3,769 4,846 104,668 132,580 146,536 188,403
20.83 84.84 3,220 4,078 4,508 5,795 129,436 163,952 181,210 232,985

Drill Pipe Yield Strength & Pressure

114.30 * 18.97 101.60 3,352 4,245 4,692 6,033 113,554 143,835 158,976 204,398
* 20.46 100.53 3,582 4,537 5,015 6,447 122,485 155,147 171,478 220,472

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

24.70 97.18 4,259 5,395 5,963 7,667 149,938 189,921 209,913 269,888
29.76 92.46 5,102 6,462 7,142 9,183 187,041 236,919 261,858 336,674

127.00 24.18 111.96 4,845 6,137 6,783 8,721 148,811 188,493 208,335 267,859
29.02 108.61 5,692 7,209 7,968 10,245 179,438 227,288 251,213 322,988

* Not API Standard.

 Drill Pipe Yield Strength

Drill Pipe Yield Strength & Pressure

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Metric Units

Outside Weight w/ Internal Torsional Yield Strength Tensile Yield Strength

Diameter Couplings Diameter m-Kg Kg
mm Kg/m mm E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135

139.70 32.59 121.36 7,011 8,881 9,815 12,620 198,272 251,144 277,580 356,889
36.75 118.62 7,822 9,907 10,950 14,079 225,535 285,677 315,749 405,963

141.29 28.27 126.37 6,068 7,686 8,495 10,922 165,409 209,519 231,573 297,737
33.03 123.42 7,039 8,916 9,854 12,670 195,889 248,125 274,244 352,599
37.57 120.22 8,017 10,155 11,224 14,431 228,180 289,029 319,453 410,725

168.28 33.03 154.05 8,472 10,731 11,860 15,249 189,873 240,506 265,823 341,772
37.50 151.51 9,758 12,360 13,661 17,565 222,016 281,220 310,822 399,629
47.47 146.33 12,189 15,439 17,065 21,940 285,930 362,178 400,302 514,674
6

193.68 43.52 177.01 13,116 16,614 18,362 23,609 255,795 324,008 358,114 460,432

219.08 59.52 198.76 20,258 25,660 28,361 36,464 351,618 445,382 492,265 632,912
* Not API Standard.
anchor
 Used Drill Pipe Yield Strength
English Units
Used Premium Class Drill Pipe Used Class 2 Drill Pipe
Wt w/ **Torsional Yield Strength **Tensile Yield Strength ***Torsional Yield Strength ***Tensile Yield Strength
O.D. I.D.
Couplings ft-lb lb ft-lb lb
in lb/ft in E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135

2.375 * 4.80 2.000 3,689 4,673 5,165 6,641 75,987 96,251 106,382 136,777 3,193 4,045 4,471 5,748 65,909 83,485 92,273 118,636
4.85 1.995 3,725 4,719 5,215 6,705 76,893 97,398 107,650 138,407 3,224 4,083 4,513 5,802 66,686 84,469 93,360 120,035
6.65 1.815 4,811 6,093 6,735 8,659 107,616 136,313 150,662 193,709 4,130 5,232 5,782 7,434 92,871 117,636 130,019 167,167

2.875 * 6.45 2.469 6,023 7,629 8,432 10,841 100,689 127,540 140,965 181,241 5,220 6,612 7,308 9,396 87,424 110,737 122,393 157,362
6.85 2.441 6,332 8,020 8,865 11,397 106,946 135,465 149,725 192,503 5,484 6,946 7,677 9,871 92,801 117,548 129,922 167,043
7

* 8.35 2.323 7,503 9,504 10,505 13,506 132,341 167,631 185,277 238,213 6,473 8,199 9,062 11,651 114,542 145,086 160,358 206,175
10.40 2.151 8,858 11,220 12,401 15,945 166,535 210,945 233,149 299,764 7,591 9,615 10,627 13,663 143,557 181,839 200,980 258,403

3.500 8.50 3.063 9,878 12,512 13,829 17,780 133,353 168,914 186,694 240,035 8,573 10,860 12,003 15,432 115,896 146,802 162,255 208,614
9.50 2.992 11,094 14,052 15,531 19,969 152,979 193,774 214,171 275,363 9,612 12,176 13,457 17,302 132,793 168,204 185,910 239,027
* 11.20 2.900 12,525 15,866 17,536 22,546 177,563 224,913 248,588 319,613 10,827 13,714 15,158 19,489 153,883 194,919 215,436 276,990
13.30 2.764 14,361 18,191 20,106 25,851 212,150 268,723 297,010 381,870 12,366 15,663 17,312 22,258 183,398 232,304 256,757 330,116
15.50 2.602 16,146 20,452 22,605 29,063 250,620 317,452 350,868 451,115 13,828 17,515 19,359 24,890 215,967 273,558 302,354 388,741

4.000 11.85 3.476 15,310 19,392 21,434 27,557 182,016 230,554 254,823 327,630 13,282 16,823 18,594 23,907 158,132 200,301 221,385 284,638
14.00 3.340 18,196 23,048 25,474 32,753 224,182 283,963 313,854 403,527 15,738 19,935 22,034 28,329 194,363 246,193 272,108 349,853

Drill Pipe Yield Strength & Pressure

4.500 * 12.75 4.000 19,120 24,219 26,768 34,416 197,920 250,699 277,088 356,257 16,613 21,044 23,259 29,904 172,149 218,056 241,009 309,869
* 13.75 3.958 20,403 25,844 28,564 36,725 213,258 270,127 298,562 383,865 17,715 22,439 24,801 31,887 185,390 234,827 259,546 333,702

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

16.60 3.826 24,139 30,576 33,795 43,451 260,165 329,542 364,231 468,297 20,908 26,483 29,271 37,634 225,771 285,977 316,080 406,388
20.00 3.640 28,684 36,333 40,157 51,630 322,916 409,026 452,082 581,248 24,747 31,346 34,646 44,544 279,501 354,035 391,302 503,103

5.000 16.25 4.408 27,607 34,969 38,650 49,693 259,155 328,263 362,817 466,479 23,975 30,368 33,564 43,154 225,316 285,400 315,442 405,568
* Not API Standard.
** Premium Class: t = (0.80) Wall Thickness, D = OD - (0.40) Wall Thickness
*** Class 2: t = (0.70) Wall Thickness, D = OD - (0.60) Wall Thickness
 Used Drill Pipe Yield Strength

Drill Pipe Yield Strength & Pressure

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units
Used Premium Class Drill Pipe Used Class 2 Drill Pipe
Wt w/ **Torsional Yield Strength **Tensile Yield Strength ***Torsional Yield Strength ***Tensile Yield Strength
O.D. I.D.
Couplings ft-lb lb ft-lb lb
in lb/ft in E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135

19.50 4.276 32,285 40,895 45,200 58,114 311,536 394,612 436,150 560,764 27,976 35,436 39,166 50,356 270,432 342,547 378,605 486,778

5.500 21.90 4.778 39,864 50,494 55,809 71,755 344,780 436,721 482,692 620,604 34,582 43,804 48,415 62,248 299,533 379,409 419,346 539,160
24.70 4.670 44,320 56,139 62,049 79,777 391,285 495,627 547,799 704,313 38,384 48,619 53,737 69,090 339,534 430,076 475,347 611,160

5.563 19.00 4.975 34,645 43,884 48,503 62,362 288,481 365,409 403,873 519,265 30,116 38,147 42,162 54,209 250,997 317,930 351,396 451,795
22.20 4.859 40,054 50,735 56,076 72,098 340,826 431,712 477,156 613,486 34,761 44,031 48,665 62,570 296,182 375,163 414,654 533,127
25.25 4.733 45,444 57,563 63,622 81,800 395,959 501,548 554,342 712,726 39,363 49,860 55,109 70,854 343,627 435,260 481,077 618,528

6.625 22.20 6.065 48,522 61,461 67,931 87,340 331,926 420,439 464,696 597,466 42,244 53,508 59,141 76,038 289,142 366,246 404,799 520,455
8

25.20 5.965 55,766 70,637 78,073 100,379 387,466 490,790 542,452 697,438 48,498 61,430 67,897 87,296 337,236 427,166 472,131 607,026
31.90 5.761 69,316 87,800 97,042 124,768 497,261 629,864 696,165 895,070 60,136 76,172 84,190 108,245 432,025 547,232 604,835 777,645

7.625 29.25 6.969 75,107 95,135 105,149 135,192 447,092 566,317 625,929 804,766 65,381 82,816 91,534 117,686 389,431 493,280 545,204 700,977

8.625 40.00 7.825 115,890 146,793 162,245 208,601 614,119 777,883 859,766 1,105,413 100,835 127,724 141,169 181,503 534,715 677,305 748,601 962,487
* Not API Standard.
** Premium Class: t = (0.80) Wall Thickness, D = OD - (0.40) Wall Thickness
*** Class 2: t = (0.70) Wall Thickness, D = OD - (0.60) Wall Thickness
anchor
 Used Drill Pipe Yield Strength
Metric Units
Used Premium Class Drill Pipe Used Class 2 Drill Pipe
Wt w/ ** Torsional Yield Strength ** Tensile Yield Strength *** Torsional Yield Strength *** Tensile Yield Strength
O.D. I.D.
Couplings m-kg kg m-kg kg
mm kg/m mm E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135

60.33 * 7.14 50.80 510 646 714 918 34,467 43,658 48,254 62,041 441 559 618 795 29,896 37,868 41,854 53,812
7.22 50.67 515 652 721 927 34,878 44,179 48,829 62,780 446 565 624 802 30,248 38,314 42,347 54,447
9.90 46.10 665 842 931 1,197 48,813 61,830 68,339 87,864 571 723 799 1,028 42,125 53,359 58,975 75,825

73.03 * 9.60 62.71 833 1,055 1,166 1,499 45,672 57,851 63,940 82,209 722 914 1,010 1,299 39,654 50,229 55,516 71,378
10.19 62.00 875 1,109 1,226 1,576 48,510 61,446 67,914 87,318 758 960 1,061 1,365 42,094 53,319 58,931 75,769
9

* 12.42 59.00 1,037 1,314 1,452 1,867 60,028 76,036 84,040 108,051 895 1,134 1,253 1,611 51,955 65,810 72,737 93,519
15.48 54.64 1,225 1,551 1,715 2,204 75,539 95,682 105,754 135,970 1,049 1,329 1,469 1,889 65,116 82,480 91,162 117,209

88.90 12.65 77.80 1,366 1,730 1,912 2,458 60,488 76,618 84,683 108,878 1,185 1,501 1,659 2,134 52,569 66,588 73,597 94,625
14.14 76.00 1,534 1,943 2,147 2,761 69,390 87,894 97,146 124,902 1,329 1,683 1,861 2,392 60,234 76,296 84,327 108,420
* 16.67 73.66 1,732 2,193 2,424 3,117 80,541 102,018 112,757 144,973 1,497 1,896 2,096 2,694 69,800 88,413 97,720 125,640
19.79 70.21 1,986 2,515 2,780 3,574 96,229 121,890 134,721 173,212 1,710 2,165 2,393 3,077 83,187 105,371 116,462 149,737
23.06 66.09 2,232 2,828 3,125 4,018 113,679 143,993 159,150 204,621 1,912 2,422 2,676 3,441 97,961 124,083 137,145 176,329

101.60 17.63 88.29 2,117 2,681 2,963 3,810 82,561 104,577 115,585 148,610 1,836 2,326 2,571 3,305 71,727 90,854 100,418 129,109
20.83 84.84 2,516 3,187 3,522 4,528 101,687 128,803 142,361 183,036 2,176 2,756 3,046 3,917 88,161 111,671 123,425 158,690

Drill Pipe Yield Strength & Pressure

114.30 * 18.97 101.60 2,643 3,348 3,701 4,758 89,775 113,715 125,685 161,594 2,297 2,909 3,216 4,134 78,085 98,908 109,319 140,553
* 20.46 100.53 2,821 3,573 3,949 5,077 96,732 122,527 135,425 174,117 2,449 3,102 3,429 4,409 84,091 106,515 117,727 151,364

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

24.70 97.18 3,337 4,227 4,672 6,007 118,008 149,477 165,211 212,415 2,891 3,661 4,047 5,203 102,408 129,716 143,371 184,334
29.76 92.46 3,966 5,023 5,552 7,138 146,471 185,530 205,060 263,648 3,421 4,334 4,790 6,158 126,779 160,587 177,491 228,202

127.00 24.18 111.96 3,817 4,835 5,344 6,870 117,550 148,897 164,570 211,590 3,315 4,198 4,640 5,966 102,201 129,455 143,081 183,962
* Not API Standard.
** Premium Class: t = (0.80) Wall Thickness, D = OD - (0.40) Wall Thickness
*** Class 2: t = (0.70) Wall Thickness, D = OD - (0.60) Wall Thickness
 Used Drill Pipe Yield Strength

Drill Pipe Yield Strength & Pressure

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Metric Units
Used Premium Class Drill Pipe Used Class 2 Drill Pipe
Wt w/ ** Torsional Yield Strength ** Tensile Yield Strength *** Torsional Yield Strength *** Tensile Yield Strength
O.D. I.D.
Couplings m-kg kg m-kg kg
mm kg/m mm E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135

29.02 108.61 4,464 5,654 6,249 8,035 141,309 178,992 197,833 254,357 3,868 4,899 5,415 6,962 122,665 155,376 171,731 220,798

139.70 32.59 121.36 5,511 6,981 7,716 9,920 156,389 198,092 218,944 281,500 4,781 6,056 6,694 8,606 135,865 172,096 190,211 244,557
36.75 118.62 6,128 7,762 8,579 11,030 177,483 224,812 248,476 319,469 5,307 6,722 7,429 9,552 154,009 195,078 215,613 277,216

141.29 28.27 126.37 4,790 6,067 6,706 8,622 130,852 165,746 183,193 235,534 4,164 5,274 5,829 7,495 113,850 144,210 159,390 204,930
33.03 123.42 5,538 7,014 7,753 9,968 154,595 195,820 216,433 278,271 4,806 6,087 6,728 8,651 134,345 170,170 188,083 241,821
37.57 120.22 6,283 7,958 8,796 11,309 179,603 227,497 251,444 323,285 5,442 6,893 7,619 9,796 155,866 197,430 218,212 280,558

168.28 33.03 154.05 6,708 8,497 9,392 12,075 150,558 190,707 210,781 271,005 5,840 7,398 8,177 10,513 131,152 166,126 183,613 236,073
10

37.50 151.51 7,710 9,766 10,794 13,878 175,751 222,617 246,051 316,351 6,705 8,493 9,387 12,069 152,967 193,758 214,154 275,341
47.47 146.33 9,583 12,139 13,417 17,250 225,553 285,700 315,774 405,995 8,314 10,531 11,640 14,965 195,962 248,219 274,347 352,732

193.68 43.52 177.01 10,384 13,153 14,537 18,691 202,797 256,876 283,915 365,034 9,039 11,450 12,655 16,271 176,642 223,747 247,299 317,956

219.08 59.52 198.76 16,022 20,295 22,431 28,840 278,558 352,840 389,981 501,404 13,941 17,658 19,517 25,094 242,541 307,219 339,558 436,574
* Not API Standard.
** Premium Class: t = (0.80) Wall Thickness, D = OD - (0.40) Wall Thickness
*** Class 2: t = (0.70) Wall Thickness, D = OD - (0.60) Wall Thickness
anchor
 Drill Pipe Pressure
English Units

Collapse Pressure Internal Yield Pressure

Outer Weight w/ Internal Wall
Based on Minimum Values at Minimum Yield Strength
Diameter Couplings Diameter Thickness
psi psi
in lb/ft in in E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135

2.375 * 4.800 2.000 0.188 10,907 13,816 15,172 18,565 10,362 13,125 14,507 18,651
4.850 1.995 0.190 11,040 13,984 15,456 19,030 10,500 13,300 14,700 18,900
6.650 1.815 0.280 15,599 19,759 21,839 28,079 15,474 19,600 21,663 27,853

2.875 * 6.450 2.469 0.203 9,552 11,493 12,404 14,874 9,267 11,739 12,974 16,681
6.850 2.441 0.217 10,467 12,938 14,021 17,029 9,907 12,548 13,869 17,832
11

* 8.350 2.323 0.276 13,018 16,489 18,225 23,432 12,600 15,960 17,640 22,680
10.400 2.151 0.362 16,509 20,911 23,112 29,716 16,526 20,933 23,137 29,747

3.500 8.500 3.063 0.219 7,678 9,065 9,688 11,255 8,194 10,379 11,471 14,749
9.500 2.992 0.254 10,001 12,075 13,055 15,743 9,525 12,065 13,335 17,145
* 11.200 2.900 0.300 11,755 14,890 16,457 21,159 11,250 14,250 15,750 20,250
13.300 2.764 0.368 14,113 17,877 19,758 25,404 13,800 17,480 19,320 24,840
15.500 2.602 0.449 16,774 21,247 23,484 30,194 16,838 21,328 23,573 30,308

4.000 11.850 3.476 0.262 8,382 9,977 10,708 12,614 8,597 10,889 12,036 15,474

Drill Pipe Yield Strength & Pressure

14.000 3.340 0.330 11,354 14,382 15,896 20,137 10,828 13,716 15,159 19,491

4.500 * 12.750 4.000 0.250 6,104 7,025 7,406 8,213 7,292 10,391 10,208 13,125

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

* 13.750 3.958 0.271 7,173 8,410 8,955 10,278 7,904 10,012 11,066 14,228
16.600 3.826 0.337 10,392 12,763 13,825 16,769 9,829 14,007 13,761 17,693
20.000 3.640 0.430 12,964 16,421 18,149 23,335 12,542 17,872 17,558 22,575

5.000 16.250 4.408 0.296 6,939 8,107 8,616 9,826 7,770 9,842 10,878 13,986
19.500 4.276 0.362 9,962 12,024 12,999 15,667 9,503 12,037 13,304 17,105
* Not API Standard.
 Drill Pipe Pressure

Drill Pipe Yield Strength & Pressure

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units

Collapse Pressure Internal Yield Pressure

Outer Weight w/ Internal Wall
Based on Minimum Values at Minimum Yield Strength
Diameter Couplings Diameter Thickness
psi psi
in lb/ft in in E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135

5.500 21.900 4.778 0.361 8,413 10,017 10,753 12,674 8,615 10,912 12,061 15,507
24.700 4.670 0.415 10,464 12,931 14,013 17,019 9,903 12,544 13,865 17,826

5.563 19.000 4.975 0.294 5,475 6,210 6,494 6,998 6,931 8,779 9,704 12,476
22.200 4.859 0.352 7,863 9,305 9,956 11,612 8,300 10,513 11,620 14,939
25.250 4.733 0.415 10,350 12,666 13,716 16,624 9,786 12,396 13,701 17,615

6.625 22.200 6.065 0.280 3,173 3,568 3,703 3,864 5,547 7,026 7,766 9,985
12

25.200 5.965 0.330 4,788 5,321 5,499 6,041 6,538 8,281 9,153 11,768
31.900 5.761 0.432 8,315 9,890 10,611 12,484 8,558 10,841 11,982 15,405

7.625 29.250 6.969 0.328 3,285 3,713 3,865 4,084 5,646 7,151 7,904 10,163

8.625 40.000 7.825 0.400 4,002 4,360 4,590 5,052 6,087 7,710 8,522 10,957
* Not API Standard.
anchor
 Drill Pipe Pressure
Metric Units

Collapse Pressure Internal Yield Pressure

Outer Weight w/ Internal Wall
Based on Minimum Values at Minimum Yield Strength
Diameter Couplings Diameter Thickness
KPa KPa
mm Kg/m mm mm E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135

60.33 * 7.14 50.80 4.763 75,203 95,257 104,609 127,998 71,442 90,494 100,019 128,596
7.22 50.67 4.826 76,118 96,416 106,565 131,210 1,523 1,929 2,132 2,741
9.90 46.10 7.112 107,554 136,235 150,575 193,597 2,244 2,842 3,141 4,039

73.03 * 9.60 62.71 5.156 65,858 79,240 85,521 102,556 63,896 80,935 89,455 115,014
10.19 62.00 5.512 72,169 89,204 96,668 117,414 68,303 86,517 95,624 122,946
13

* 12.42 59.00 7.010 89,753 113,687 125,654 161,556 86,874 110,040 121,624 156,373
15.48 54.64 9.195 113,824 144,178 159,354 204,884 113,943 144,328 159,521 205,098

88.90 12.65 77.80 5.550 52,940 62,501 66,796 77,597 56,494 71,559 79,091 101,689
14.14 76.00 6.452 68,958 83,256 90,014 108,544 65,673 83,185 91,942 118,211
* 16.67 73.66 7.620 81,049 102,662 113,468 145,887 77,566 98,250 108,592 139,619
19.79 70.21 9.347 97,307 123,255 136,230 175,152 95,148 120,520 133,207 171,266
23.06 66.09 11.405 115,655 146,496 161,916 208,178 116,090 147,048 162,527 208,963

101.60 17.63 88.29 6.655 57,790 68,786 73,827 86,969 59,273 75,080 82,983 106,692
20.83 84.84 8.382 78,284 99,159 109,597 138,838 74,657 94,566 104,520 134,383

Drill Pipe Yield Strength & Pressure

114.30 * 18.97 101.60 6.350 42,086 48,438 51,063 56,627 50,274 71,641 70,384 90,494

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

* 20.46 100.53 6.883 49,455 57,987 61,745 70,865 54,497 69,030 76,296 98,095
24.70 97.18 8.560 71,651 87,998 95,319 115,615 67,770 96,572 94,878 121,985
29.76 92.46 10.922 89,382 113,217 125,134 160,887 86,472 123,222 121,060 155,649

127.00 24.18 111.96 7.518 47,841 55,895 59,405 67,746 53,572 67,858 75,001 96,430
29.02 108.61 9.195 68,687 82,905 89,622 108,021 65,517 82,989 91,724 117,931
* Not API Standard.
 Drill Pipe Pressure

Drill Pipe Yield Strength & Pressure

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Metric Units

Collapse Pressure Internal Yield Pressure

Outer Weight w/ Internal Wall
Based on Minimum Values at Minimum Yield Strength
Diameter Couplings Diameter Thickness
KPa KPa
mm Kg/m mm mm E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135

139.70 32.59 121.36 9.169 58,006 69,065 74,139 87,385 59,397 75,236 83,155 106,914
36.75 118.62 10.541 72,148 89,155 96,614 117,341 68,282 86,490 95,594 122,907

141.29 28.27 126.37 7.461 37,748 42,817 44,775 48,246 47,789 60,532 66,904 86,020
33.03 123.42 8.934 54,215 64,153 68,644 80,061 57,225 72,484 80,114 103,004
37.57 120.22 10.535 71,363 87,329 94,570 114,617 67,474 85,467 94,463 121,453

168.28 33.03 154.05 7.112 21,877 24,598 25,532 26,643 38,246 48,445 53,545 68,844
14

37.50 151.51 8.382 33,014 36,684 37,913 41,651 45,076 57,096 63,107 81,137
47.47 146.33 10.973 57,328 68,188 73,157 86,076 59,009 74,744 82,612 106,216

193.68 43.52 177.01 8.331 22,651 25,598 26,651 28,160 38,927 49,308 54,498 70,069

219.08 59.52 198.76 10.160 27,590 30,064 31,645 34,832 41,968 53,160 58,755 75,543
* Not API Standard.
anchor
 Used Drill Pipe Pressure
English Units
Used Premium Class Drill Pipe Used Class 2 Drill Pipe
Collapse Pressure ~Internal Yield Pressure Collapse Pressure # Internal Yield Pressure
Weight w/ Wall
O.D. I.D. Based on MinimumValues at Minimum Yield Strength Based on Minimum Values at Minimum Yield Strength
Couplings Thickness
psi psi psi psi
in lb/ft in in E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135

2.375 * 4.80 2.00 0.188 8,317 9,893 10,614 12,489 9,474 12,000 13,263 17,053 6,666 7,754 8,221 9,300 8,289 10,500 11,605 14,921
4.85 2.00 0.190 8,523 10,159 10,912 12,886 9,600 12,160 13,440 17,280 6,853 7,995 8,491 9,659 8,400 10,640 11,760 15,120
6.65 1.82 0.280 13,378 16,945 18,729 24,080 14,147 17,920 19,806 25,465 12,138 15,375 16,993 21,849 12,379 15,680 17,331 22,282

2.875 * 6.45 2.47 0.203 6,693 7,789 8,260 9,352 8,473 10,733 11,862 15,251 5,201 5,855 6,097 6,560 7,414 9,391 10,379 13,345
15

6.85 2.44 0.217 7,640 9,016 9,633 11,181 9,057 11,473 12,680 16,303 6,055 6,962 7,335 8,118 7,925 10,039 11,095 14,265
* 8.35 2.32 0.276 11,023 13,963 15,433 18,971 11,520 14,592 16,128 20,736 9,712 11,700 12,636 15,184 10,080 12,768 14,112 18,144
10.40 2.15 0.362 14,223 18,016 19,912 25,602 15,110 19,139 21,153 27,197 12,938 16,388 18,113 23,288 13,221 16,746 18,509 23,798

3.500 8.50 3.06 0.219 5,111 5,739 5,967 6,447 7,491 9,489 10,488 13,485 3,778 4,172 4,379 4,771 6,555 8,303 9,177 11,799
9.50 2.99 0.254 7,075 8,283 8,813 10,088 8,709 11,031 12,192 15,675 5,544 6,300 6,595 7,132 7,620 9,652 10,668 13,716
* 11.20 2.90 0.300 9,643 11,611 12,536 15,050 10,286 13,029 14,400 18,514 7,867 9,310 9,962 11,619 9,000 11,400 12,600 16,200
13.30 2.76 0.368 12,015 15,218 16,820 21,626 12,617 15,982 17,664 22,711 10,858 13,753 15,042 18,391 11,040 13,984 15,456 19,872
15.50 2.60 0.449 14,472 18,331 20,260 26,049 15,394 19,499 21,552 27,710 13,174 16,686 18,443 23,712 13,470 17,062 18,858 24,246

4.000 11.85 3.48 0.262 5,704 6,507 6,826 7,440 7,860 9,956 11,004 14,148 4,311 4,702 4,880 5,440 6,878 8,712 9,629 12,380
14.00 3.34 0.330 9,012 10,793 11,621 13,832 9,900 12,540 13,860 17,820 7,296 8,569 9,133 10,515 8,663 10,973 12,128 15,593

Drill Pipe Yield Strength & Pressure

4.500 * 12.75 4.00 0.250 3,790 4,183 4,391 4,786 6,667 8,444 9,333 12,000 2,869 3,176 3,265 3,319 5,833 7,389 8,167 10,500
* 13.75 3.96 0.271 4,687 5,189 5,351 5,913 7,227 9,154 10,117 13,008 3,397 3,851 4,020 4,291 6,323 8,010 8,853 11,382

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

16.60 3.83 0.337 7,525 8,867 9,466 10,959 8,987 11,383 12,581 16,176 5,951 6,827 7,185 7,918 7,863 9,960 11,009 14,154
20.00 3.64 0.430 10,975 13,901 15,350 18,801 11,467 14,524 16,053 20,640 9,632 11,596 12,519 15,029 10,033 12,709 14,047 18,060
* Not API Standard.
** Premium Class: t = (0.80) Wall Thickness, D = OD - (0.40) Wall Thickness
*** Class 2: t = (0.70) Wall Thickness, D = OD - (0.60) Wall Thickness
~ Premium Class: nominal Wall Thickenss = 80% (nominal wall)
# Class 2: nominal Wall Thickenss = 70% (nominal wall)
 Used Drill Pipe Pressure

Drill Pipe Yield Strength & Pressure

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units
Used Premium Class Drill Pipe Used Class 2 Drill Pipe
Collapse Pressure ~Internal Yield Pressure Collapse Pressure # Internal Yield Pressure
Weight w/ Wall
O.D. I.D. Based on MinimumValues at Minimum Yield Strength Based on Minimum Values at Minimum Yield Strength
Couplings Thickness
psi psi psi psi
in lb/ft in in E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135

5.000 16.25 4.41 0.296 4,490 4,934 5,066 5,666 7,104 8,998 9,946 12,787 3,278 3,703 3,854 4,070 6,216 7,874 8,702 11,189
19.50 4.28 0.362 7,041 8,240 8,765 10,024 8,688 11,005 12,163 15,638 5,514 6,261 6,551 7,074 7,602 9,629 10,643 13,684

5.500 21.90 4.78 0.361 5,730 6,541 6,865 7,491 7,876 9,977 11,027 14,177 4,334 4,732 4,903 5,470 6,892 8,730 9,649 12,405
24.70 4.67 0.415 7,636 9,010 9,626 11,172 9,055 11,469 12,676 16,298 6,051 6,956 7,329 8,110 7,923 10,035 11,092 14,261

5.563 19.00 4.98 0.294 3,306 3,740 3,896 4,125 6,337 8,027 8,872 11,407 2,563 2,780 2,822 2,824 5,545 7,024 7,763 9,981
22.20 4.86 0.352 5,267 5,941 6,193 6,643 7,588 9,612 10,624 13,659 3,918 4,290 4,511 4,947 6,640 8,410 9,296 11,952
16

25.25 4.73 0.415 7,462 8,784 9,374 10,836 8,947 11,333 12,526 16,105 5,894 6,753 7,101 7,807 7,829 9,917 10,961 14,092

6.625 22.20 6.07 0.280 1,998 2,048 2,048 2,048 5,072 6,424 7,100 9,129 1,397 1,397 1,397 1,397 4,438 5,621 6,213 7,988
25.20 5.97 0.330 2,933 3,258 3,357 3,429 5,977 7,571 8,368 10,759 2,229 2,349 2,346 2,346 5,230 6,625 7,322 9,414
31.90 5.76 0.432 5,648 6,434 6,744 7,331 7,825 9,912 10,955 14,085 4,260 4,636 4,833 5,376 6,847 8,673 9,586 12,324

7.625 29.25 6.97 0.328 2,091 2,165 2,165 2,165 5,162 6,538 7,227 9,292 1,476 1,476 1,476 1,476 4,517 5,721 6,323 8,130

8.625 40.00 7.83 0.400 2,507 2,708 2,741 2,740 5,565 7,049 7,791 10,017 1,849 1,871 1,871 1,871 4,870 6,168 6,817 8,765
* Not API Standard.
** Premium Class: t = (0.80) Wall Thickness, D = OD - (0.40) Wall Thickness
*** Class 2: t = (0.70) Wall Thickness, D = OD - (0.60) Wall Thickness
~ Premium Class: nominal Wall Thickenss = 80% (nominal wall)
# Class 2: nominal Wall Thickenss = 70% (nominal wall)
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 Used Drill Pipe Pressure
English Units
Used Premium Class Drill Pipe Used Class 2 Drill Pipe
Collapse Pressure ~Internal Yield Pressure Collapse Pressure # Internal Yield Pressure
Weight w/ Wall
O.D. I.D. Based on Minimum Values at Minimum Yield Strength Based on Minimum Values at Minimum Yield Strength
Couplings Thickness
KPa KPa KPa KPa
mm Kg/m mm mm E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135

60.33 * 7.14 50.80 4.76 106 57,344 68,208 73,180 86,106 65,319 82,737 91,446 117,574 119 45,963 53,462 56,684 64,119 57,154 72,395
7.22 50.67 4.83 104 58,763 70,046 75,236 88,847 66,190 83,840 92,666 119,141 117 47,247 55,125 58,543 66,598 57,916 73,360
9.90 46.10 7.11 70 92,237 116,834 129,132 166,027 97,543 123,554 136,560 175,577 78 83,690 106,007 117,166 150,642 85,350 108,110

73.03 * 9.60 62.71 5.16 119 46,149 53,703 56,953 64,478 58,420 73,998 81,787 105,155 134 35,859 40,370 42,037 45,227 51,117 64,748
10.19 62.00 5.51 111 52,677 62,161 66,415 77,090 62,449 79,101 87,428 112,407 125 41,747 47,999 50,571 55,972 54,642 69,214
17

* 12.42 59.00 7.01 86 76,002 96,270 106,403 130,804 79,428 100,608 111,199 142,970 97 66,961 80,669 87,120 104,687 69,499 88,032
15.48 54.64 9.19 65 98,066 124,216 137,292 176,518 104,177 131,957 145,847 187,518 72 89,203 112,990 124,884 160,565 91,155 115,463

88.90 12.65 77.80 5.55 135 35,242 39,570 41,142 44,451 51,652 65,425 72,312 92,973 152 26,048 28,766 30,194 32,894 45,195 57,247
14.14 76.00 6.45 115 48,777 57,108 60,762 69,555 60,043 76,055 84,061 108,078 130 38,228 43,439 45,471 49,173 52,538 66,548
* 16.67 73.66 7.62 97 66,485 80,053 86,430 103,768 70,918 89,829 99,285 127,652 109 54,242 64,188 68,683 80,113 62,053 78,600
19.79 70.21 9.35 79 82,838 104,928 115,973 149,108 86,992 110,190 121,789 156,586 88 74,861 94,824 103,713 126,803 76,118 96,416
23.06 66.09 11.40 64 99,778 126,385 139,689 179,600 106,140 134,444 148,596 191,052 71 90,828 115,049 127,159 163,491 92,872 117,638

101.60 17.63 88.29 6.65 128 39,329 44,865 47,066 51,300 54,193 68,644 75,870 97,547 144 29,720 32,416 33,650 37,510 47,419 60,064
20.83 84.84 8.38 101 62,137 74,418 80,127 95,366 68,258 86,460 95,561 122,865 113 50,301 59,082 62,970 72,498 59,726 75,653

Drill Pipe Yield Strength & Pressure

114.30 * 18.97 101.60 6.35 152 26,134 28,838 30,274 33,001 45,965 58,222 64,351 82,737 171 19,783 21,894 22,509 22,881 40,219 50,945
* 20.46 100.53 6.88 140 32,312 35,774 36,896 40,768 49,826 63,113 69,757 89,687 158 23,419 26,554 27,720 29,589 43,598 55,224

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

24.70 97.18 8.56 112 51,886 61,136 65,268 75,561 61,961 78,484 86,745 111,530 126 41,032 47,073 49,536 54,592 54,216 68,673
29.76 92.46 10.92 87 75,668 95,846 105,834 129,631 79,060 100,143 110,684 142,308 97 66,408 79,953 86,319 103,619 69,177 87,625

127.00 24.18 111.96 7.52 142 30,957 34,018 34,931 39,064 48,980 62,042 68,572 88,165 160 22,599 25,531 26,576 28,060 42,858 54,287
29.02 108.61 9.19 116 48,548 56,810 60,429 69,111 59,902 75,875 83,862 107,823 130 38,021 43,171 45,170 48,773 52,414 66,391

139.70 32.59 121.36 9.17 128 39,510 45,101 47,330 51,651 54,306 68,787 76,028 97,750 144 29,884 32,627 33,803 37,715 47,517 60,189
 Used Drill Pipe Pressure

Drill Pipe Yield Strength & Pressure

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units
Used Premium Class Drill Pipe Used Class 2 Drill Pipe
Collapse Pressure ~Internal Yield Pressure Collapse Pressure # Internal Yield Pressure
Weight w/ Wall
O.D. I.D. Based on Minimum Values at Minimum Yield Strength Based on Minimum Values at Minimum Yield Strength
Couplings Thickness
KPa KPa KPa KPa
mm Kg/m mm mm E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135 E75 X95 G105 S135

36.75 118.62 10.54 111 52,645 62,120 66,369 77,029 62,429 79,077 87,400 112,372 125 41,718 47,961 50,530 55,916 54,625 69,192

141.29 28.27 126.37 7.46 160 22,797 25,787 26,862 28,443 43,693 55,344 61,170 78,647 181 17,670 19,165 19,456 19,468 38,231 48,426
33.03 123.42 8.93 133 36,315 40,961 42,698 45,801 52,320 66,271 73,247 94,175 150 27,012 29,577 31,101 34,105 45,780 57,988
37.57 120.22 10.53 112 51,447 60,567 64,632 74,713 61,690 78,141 86,366 111,042 126 40,636 46,559 48,961 53,826 53,979 68,373

168.28 33.03 154.05 7.11 200 13,777 14,124 14,124 14,124 34,968 44,293 48,955 62,943 227 9,630 9,630 9,630 9,630 30,597 38,756
37.50 151.51 8.38 170 20,225 22,465 23,147 23,642 41,212 52,202 57,697 74,182 192 15,371 16,196 16,172 16,172 36,061 45,677
47.47 146.33 10.97 129 38,939 44,361 46,502 50,547 53,951 68,338 75,531 97,111 145 29,370 31,962 33,320 37,069 47,207 59,795
18

193.68 43.52 177.01 8.33 197 14,417 14,924 14,924 14,924 35,591 45,081 49,827 64,063 223 10,179 10,179 10,179 10,179 31,142 39,446

219.08 59.52 198.76 10.16 182 17,286 18,669 18,902 18,888 38,371 48,603 53,719 69,067 206 12,748 12,901 12,901 12,901 33,574 42,528
* Not API Standard.
** Premium Class: t = (0.80)Wall Thickness, D = OD - (0.40)Wall Thickness
*** Class 2: t = (0.70)Wall Thickness, D = OD - (0.60)Wall Thickness
~ Premium Class: nominal Wall Thickenss = 80%(nominal wall)
# Class 2: nominal Wall Thickenss = 70%(nominal wall)
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 Nitrogen
Calculations

Nitrogen
Calculations
The density of nitrogen at a given temperature and pressure is:

MP
ρ=
ZRT
Once the constants and unit conversions are included, this equation can be written for
English units as:

198.6 P( psia )
ρ ( scf / bbl ) =
Z (460+° F )
In metric units it can be written as:

2.8416 P( kPa )
ρ ( sm3 / m3 ) =
Z (273+° C )
These densities are the "volume factors" in the following tables. Note that both of these den-
sities express the weight or mass as a "standard" volume. Standard conditions are defined
as atmospheric pressure (14.7 psia or 1 atm) and 60 ºF or 15 ºC. SCF stands for standard
cubic feet and scm or sm3 stands for standard cubic meters.

The Pressure vs. Depth for a Well Filled with Nitrogen graphs were based upon a surface
temperature of 70ºF (21ºC) and a gradient of 1.6ºF per 100 ft. (2.92ºC per 100 meters).
Variations in the well temperature from these values make relatively small changes in the
pressures.

The following examples show how the graphs in this section can be used to solve nitrogen
problems.

Example 1 E

How much nitrogen is required to fill a 12,500 ft. reel of 2" OD X 0.156" wall CT to 3,500 psia
at an average temperature of 75 ºF?
1. From the Coiled Tubing Volumes and Displacements table in the Pipe Sizes, Vol-
umes and Displacements section of this handbook, read the internal volume for this
size 2.768 bbls/1,000 ft.
2. Multiply this value by 12.5 thousand feet to obtain a total volume of 34.6 bbls
3. Using the Volume Factor - Medium Pressure graph, read the volume factor as 1,200
SCF/bbl
4. Multiply the volume of the reel by the volume factor to obtain 41,520 SCF. This is the
amount of nitrogen needed.

1
Nitrogen
Calculations

Example 1 M
How much nitrogen is required to fill a 3,810 m reel of 50.8mm OD X 3.962mm wall CT to
24,100 kPa at an average temperature of 24 ºC?

1. From the Coiled Tubing Volumes and Displacements table in the Pipe Sizes, Vol-
umes and Displacements section of this handbook, read the internal volume for this
size 1.4438 liters/m which is the same as 1.4438 m3/1,000m.
2. Multiply this value by 3.81 thousand meters to obtain a total volume of 5.5m3
3. Using the Volume Factor - Medium Pressure graph, read the volume factor as 221
scm/m3.
4. Multiply the volume of the reel by the volume factor to obtain 1,215 scm. This is the
amount of nitrogen needed.

Example 2 E

The same reel of CT as Example 1 E is being used to place nitrogen in a well. The CT will
be run to 7,500 ft. Nitrogen will be pumped until the pressure at the end of the CT reaches
3,500 psia, filling both the well tubular, which is 3.5" 12.95 lb/ft. EU tubing and the CT.
1. From the Tubing Sizes, Volumes and Displacements table in the Pipe Sizes, Vol-
umes and Displacements section of this handbook, read the internal volume for this
size tubing as 7.35 bbls/1,000 ft.
2. Multiply this value by the depth of 7.5 thousand feet to obtain a well volume of 55.125
bbls.
3. From the Coiled Tubing Volumes and Displacements table in the Pipe Sizes, Vol-
umes and Displacements section of this handbook, read the internal volume for this
coiled tubing size as 2.768 bbls/1,000 ft. and the external displacement as 3.886
bbls/1,000 ft.
4. Multiply these values by 7.5 thousand feet to obtain a internal volume of 20.76 bbls
and the external displacement as 29.145 bbls.
5. The total volume in the well to be filled with nitrogen is 55.125 - 29.145 + 20.76 =
46.74 bbls.
6. From the Pressure vs. Depth for a Well Filled with Nitrogen graph, find the point
where the pressure is 3,500 psia at 7,500 ft. of depth. Follow the curves upward to
read an approximate surface pressure of 2,750 psia.
7. The average pressure is (3,500 + 2,750)/2 = 3,125 psia.
8. The estimated bottom hole temperature is 70ºF + 1.6 * 75 hundred feet = 190ºF. The
average temperature is (190 + 70)/2 = 130ºF.
9. The Volume Factor for this average temperature and pressure is approximately 950
scf/bbl.
10. Multiplying this volume factor by the well volume from step 5 yields a nitrogen
requirement of 44,400 scf.
11. For the remaining 5,000 ft. of CT on the reel assume the pressure will be the same
as the wellhead pressure which is 2,750 psia, and the temperature is 75ºF. Using
the Volume Factor - Medium Pressure graph, read the volume factor as 990 scf/bbl.
The volume of this section of the coiled tubing is 2.768 * 5 thousand feet = 13.84
bbls.
12. Multiply the volume of this section by the volume factor to obtain 13,700 scf.
13. The total nitrogen required is 13,700 + 44,400 = 58,100 scf

2
 Nitrogen
Calculations

Example 2 M
The same reel of CT as Example 1 M is being used to place nitrogen in a well. The CT will
be run to 2,285 m. Nitrogen will be pumped until the pressure at the end of the CT reaches
24,100 kPa, filling both the well tubular, which is 88.9mm 19.27 kg/m EU tubing and the CT.

1. From the Tubing Sizes, Volumes and Displacements table in the Pipe Sizes, Vol-
umes and Displacements section of this handbook, read the internal volume for this
size tubing as 3.832 liters/m which is the same as 3.832 m3 per 1,000 meters.
2. Multiply this value by the depth of 2.285 thousand meters to obtain a well volume of
8.756 m3.
3. From the Coiled Tubing Volumes and Displacements table in the Pipe Sizes, Vol-
umes and Displacements section of this handbook, read the internal volume for this
coiled tubing size as 1.4438 liters/m and the external displacement as 2.0268 liters/
m.
4. Multiply these values by 2.285 thousand meters to obtain a internal volume of 3.3 m3
and the external displacement as 4.631 m3.
5. The total volume in the well to be filled with nitrogen is 8.756 - 4.631 + 3.3 = 7.425
m3.
6. From the Pressure vs. Depth for a Well Filled with Nitrogen graph, find the point
where the pressure is 24,100 kPa at 2,285 m of depth. Follow the curves upward to
read an approximate surface pressure of approximately 19,000 kPa.
7. The average pressure is (24,100 + 19,000)/2 = 21,550 kPa.
8. The estimated bottom hole temperature is 21ºC + 2.92 * 2.2.85 hundred meters =
88ºC. The average temperature is (88 + 21)/2 = 55ºC.
9. The Volume Factor for this average temperature and pressure is approximately 170
sm3/m3.
10. Multiplying this volume factor by the well volume from step 5 yields a nitrogen
requirement of 1,262 sm3.
11. For the remaining 1,525 m of CT on the reel assume the pressure will be the same
as the wellhead pressure which is 1,900 kPa, and the temperature is 24ºC. Using
the Volume Factor - Medium Pressure graph, read the volume factor as 175 sm3/
m3. The volume of this section of the coiled tubing is 1.4438 * 1.525 thousand
meters = 2.2 sm3/m3.
12. Multiply the volume of this section by the volume factor to obtain 385 sm3.
13. The total nitrogen required is 385 + 1,262 = 1,647 sm3

Nomenclature

M = molecular weight of Nitrogen = 28.0134

P = absolute pressure (psi for English units, kPa for metric units)
R = gas constant (1545 ft. /lb/lb mole °R - for English units, 0.08206 atm-liters/gm mole °K)
T = absolute temperature (°F + 460 for English units, °C + 273 for metric units)
Z = compressibility factor from the following Nitrogen Compressibility Factor curves
ρ = density in weight or standard volume per unit volume

For properties and uses of Nitrogen, please see the General Section of this handbook

3
Nitrogen
Nitrogen Compressibility Factor

Nitrogen Compressibility Factor

English

2.2
0°F

2.0

200°F
Compressibility Factor for Nitrogen

1.8

400°F

1.6
600°F

800°F

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8
0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000
Pressure (psia)

Metric

2.2

0°C

2.0

100°C
Compressibility Factor for Nitrogen

1.8

200°C

1.6 300°C

400°C

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8
0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 100,000
Pressure (kPa)

4
 Nitrogen
Volume Factor - Low Pressure

Volume Factor - Low Pressure

English

450 0°F

400 50°F

350 100°F
SCF of Nitrogen per Barrel of Volume

150°F
300 200°F

250

200

150

100

50

0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1,000
Pressure (psia)

Metric

120

0°C

100
SCM of Nitrogen per Cubic Meter of Volume

40°C

80 80°C

120°C

160°C
60

40

20

0
0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000
Pressure (kPa)

5
Nitrogen
Volume Factor - Medium Pressure

Volume Factor - Medium Pressure

English

2,000

0°F
1,800

50°F
1,600
SCF of Nitrogen per Barrel of Volume

100°F
1,400 150°F

200°F
1,200

1,000

800

600

400

200
1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000
Pressure (psia)

Metric

300

0°C

250
40°C
SCM of Nitrogen per Cubic Meter of Volume

80°C
200
120°C

160°C

150

100

50
10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000 18,000 20,000 22,000 24,000 26,000 28,000 30,000
Pressure (kPa)

6
 Nitrogen
Volume Factor - High Pressure

Volume Factor - High Pressure

English

3,000 0°F

50°F
2,800
100°F

2,600
150°F
SCF of Nitrogen per Barrel of Volume

200°F
2,400

2,200

2,000

1,800

1,600

1,400

1,200
5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000 11,000 12,000 13,000 14,000 15,000
Pressure (psia)

Metric

500
0°C

450 40°C
SCM of Nitrogen per Cubic Meter of Volume

80°C
400

120°C

350 160°C

300

250

200

150
30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 100,000
Pressure (kPa)

7
Nitrogen
Volume Factor High Temperature

Volume Factor High Temperature

English

2,500
200°F

400°F
2,000
SCF of Nitrogen per Barrel of Volume

600°F

800°F
1,500

1,000

500

0
0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000
Pressure (psia)

Metric

Volume Factor - High Temperature

Metric
400

150°C
350

250°C
SCM of Nitrogen per Cubic Meter of Volume

300

350°C

250

200

150

100

50

0
0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 100,000
Pressure (kPa)

8
 Nitrogen
Pressure vs. Depth for Well Full of Nitrogen

Pressure vs. Depth for Well Full of Nitrogen

English

0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000 11,000 12,000 13,000 14,000 15,000
0

-2,000

-4,000

-6,000
True Vertical Depth (ft)

-8,000

-10,000

-12,000

-14,000

-16,000

-18,000

-20,000
Pressure (psia)

Metric

0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 100,000
0

-1,000

-2,000
True Vertical Depth (m)

-3,000

-4,000

-5,000

-6,000
Pressure (kPa)

9
Nitrogen
Pressure vs. Depth for Well Full of Nitrogen

10
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Stress Limits

Coiled Tubing Stress Limits

Three factors cause stresses in the CT:

• Internal pressure (PI)

• External pressure (Po)
• Axial force (Fa)
There are other internal residual stresses in the CT from the manufacturing and plastic
bending. Currently these residual stresses are ignored when determining the CT limits,
though research is ongoing to include these residual stresses in the limits calculations.
Torque is also an external force which is being ignored for these stress limits.

The three principle stresses due to these factors are:

• Axial Stress - The axial stress is caused by the axial force (tension or compression)
applied to the CT. If the compressive force exceeds the helical buckling load, the
CT forms a helix in the hole. The helix causes an additional axial bending stress in
the CT.
• Radial Stress - The radial stress at a given location in the CT wall is the stress
through the CT wall due to inner and outer pressures. The radial stress is the least
of the three stresses and is often ignored in stress calculations.
• Tangential or Hoop stress - The hoop stress at a given location in the CT wall is the
stress around the circumference of the CT due to inner and outer pressures.
These three stresses are combined using the Von Mises Yield Criterion to determine what
pressure and axial force combinations will cause the CT to yield. Thus the limits are set
based upon “incipient yield” in the same manner used for other oil country tubular goods.

To simplify the limits curve, two of the three forces are combined by calculating the pressure
difference DP = PI - Po. Though this simplification makes it easier to plot the limit curve, it is
important to consider the implications of this simplification as will be discussed later for each
point of the curve.

The following figure shows an example curve based on the Von Mises yield criterion.
• For the right half of the curve, Fa>0, the CT is in tension.
• For the left half of the curve, Fa<0, the CT is in compression.
• For the top half of the curve, DP>0, so PI > Po. making this the burst portion of the
curve.
• For the bottom half of the curve, DP<0, so PI > Po, making this the collapse portion of
the curve.
When the CT is in compression, it is assumed that the CT is buckled into a helical shape.
The additional axial bending stress causes the limits to be reduced. Exceeding these
reduced limits will “corkscrew” the CT.

The axial force, Fa, discussed here is different from the “weight” as measured by the weight
indicator. The weight can be converted to the axial force as follows:

Fa = Weight + Pi A i

1
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Stress Limits

1.50" X 0.134" 90ksi in 4" ID Hole

20000

Py
15000
G

DP = P i - P o (psi)
10000

5000
F Axial Force (lb)
0
-40000 -20000 0 20000 40000 60000
-5000

E
-10000

-15000 D

-20000

This handbook provides values for points Py, Fy and C through G from this limit curve.
Each or these point is discussed in detail below.

Point Py. The pressure for point Py is given in the “Coiled Tubing Performance” tables
under the “Yield Pressure” column. The equation for this value is given in the description for
that table. This calculation assumes that Po = 0. Calculations with larger values of Po yield
similar results.

Point Fy. The axial force for point Fy is given in the “Coiled Tubing Performance” tables
under the “Yield Load” column. The equation for this value is given in the description for that
table. This calculation assumes that PI = Po = 0. Note that DP is 0 whenever PI = Po. Let's
assume both pressures have the value P. As P increases, the axial force required to yield
the CT decreases. Thus, the value from the table is not conservative. For an accurate value
at high pressures modify Fy as follows:

Fy − p = Fy − PA
Points C and D. These points, given in the “Coiled Tubing Performance” tables in the
“Collapse Pressures” columns, were not calculated using the Von Mises incipient yield crite-
rion. Instead they are calculated using the collapse equations given in the reference for that
table. The points shown in the above figure are for the 0% ovality case with 0 and Fy/2
loads. Note that they do agree well with the Von Mises criterion which was used to generate
the curve. Since all used CT has some ovality, the 2% or 4% ovality numbers should be
used in actual practice.

2
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Stress Limits

Point E. The Po value, assuming PI = 0 is found by multiplying the appropriate value from
the following table by the yield strength of the CT. For English units, multiply the value from
the table by the yield strength in psi to obtain the value of Po in psi. For Metric units multiply
the value in the table by the yield strength in MPa to obtain the value of Po in MPa. As the
value of PI increases, the amount of negative differential pressure the CT can withstand
decreases. Thus, values from this table are not conservative. As the internal pressure
increases the collapse differential pressure decreases. Also, these values do not account
for ovality.

Point F. The axial compressive force value which will cause the CT to yield into a “cork-
screw” when PI = Po = 0 can be found by multiplying the value in the attached table by the
yield strength. For English units, multiply the value from the table by the yield strength in psi
to obtain the compressive force in pounds. For Metric units, multiply the value from the table
by the yield strength in MPa to obtain the compressive force in MN. Increasing the PI and Po
pressure values to a higher pressure, P, has a minimal impact upon this compressive force.

Point G. The PI value, assuming Po = 0 is found by multiplying the appropriate value from
the following table by the yield strength of the CT. For English units, multiply the value from
the table by the yield strength in psi to obtain the value of PI in psi. For Metric units multiply
the value in the table by the yield strength in MPa to obtain the value of PI in MPa. Increas-
ing the Po value has a minimal impact upon the burst differential pressure the pipe can with-
stand.

Safety Factors. There are several factors which are not taken into consideration in the
calculation of these stress limits:

• Diametrical changes occur during the life of the CT, usually resulting in increases in
the CT diameter.
• The effective yield stress of the CT decreases during the life of the CT due to plastic
fatigue.
• Wall thinning tends to occur during the life of the CT due to corrosion, elongation and
diametrical growth.
As mentioned previously, residual stresses from the plastic bending of the CT are ignored in
these limits calculations.

No safety factors have been included in any of the yield stress limits in this handbook. Typi-
cally the industry uses 80% of the yield stress limit for the working limit. The results in a fac-
tor of safety of 1.25. Each company must decide what safety factor they will use.

Equations
The equations in this section were developed by K. Newman at CTES, L.C.
The following values are defined as:

ro rc ro
β= γ=
t min 2I min
The equation for the external pressure, assuming the internal pressure is 0, for point E is:

σy
Po =
β 2 + γ 2 A o2 + βγA o

3
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Stress Limits

The equation for the compressive axial load at point F is:

σy
Fy − c = 1
A +γ
The equation for the internal pressure, assuming the external pressure is 0, for point G is:

σy
Pi =
β 2 + γ 2 A i2 + βγA i

Nomenclature

A = cross sectional area of the CT wall = Ao - AI

AI = internal cross sectional area of CT = πri2
Ao = external cross sectional area of CT = πro2
Fy = axial yield load of the CT with no pressure
Fy-p = axial yield load corrected for pressure
Fy-c = axial yield load in compression with no pressure
I = moment of inertia = π(ro4 - ri4)/4
Imin = moment of inertia based on the minimum wall thickness
PI = internal pressure
Po = external pressure
Py = internal pressure required to yield the CT
rc = radial clearance between wellbore and the CT
rI = internal radius of the CT
ro = nominal external radius of the CT
t = nominal wall thickness of the CT = ro-rI
tmin = minimum wall thickness of the CT
σy = yield stress of the CT

4
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Stress Limits

External Pressure Multiplier

Point E - English Units

Wall Thickness Hole ID

OD Nom. Min. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
in in in in in in in
in in in * * * * * * *

1.000 0.087 0.082 0.1145 0.0828 0.0637 0.0515 0.0431 0.0370 0.0324
1.000 0.095 0.090 0.1245 0.0895 0.0687 0.0555 0.0464 0.0398 0.0348
1.000 0.102 0.097 0.1332 0.0953 0.0730 0.0588 0.0491 0.0421 0.0368
1.000 0.109 0.104 0.1416 0.1009 0.0770 0.0620 0.0517 0.0443 0.0387

1.250 0.075 0.070 0.0920 0.0706 0.0560 0.0460 0.0388 0.0335 0.0295
1.250 0.080 0.075 0.0983 0.0752 0.0596 0.0489 0.0412 0.0356 0.0313
1.250 0.087 0.082 0.1071 0.0816 0.0645 0.0528 0.0445 0.0384 0.0337
1.250 0.095 0.090 0.1171 0.0888 0.0699 0.0572 0.0481 0.0415 0.0364
1.250 0.102 0.097 0.1257 0.0950 0.0746 0.0609 0.0512 0.0441 0.0387
1.250 0.109 0.104 0.1343 0.1010 0.0791 0.0645 0.0542 0.0466 0.0409
1.250 0.118 0.113 0.1452 0.1086 0.0848 0.0690 0.0579 0.0498 0.0436
1.250 0.125 0.120 0.1536 0.1144 0.0891 0.0724 0.0607 0.0521 0.0457
1.250 0.134 0.129 0.1643 0.1217 0.0945 0.0766 0.0641 0.0551 0.0482
1.250 0.156 0.151 0.1898 0.1387 0.1069 0.0862 0.0720 0.0617 0.0539
1.250 0.175 0.170 0.2111 0.1525 0.1167 0.0937 0.0781 0.0668 0.0583

1.500 0.095 0.090 0.1078 0.0857 0.0693 0.0575 0.0489 0.0423 0.0373
1.500 0.102 0.097 0.1160 0.0920 0.0742 0.0614 0.0521 0.0452 0.0398
1.500 0.109 0.104 0.1241 0.0981 0.0789 0.0653 0.0554 0.0479 0.0422
1.500 0.118 0.113 0.1346 0.1059 0.0850 0.0701 0.0594 0.0513 0.0452
1.500 0.125 0.120 0.1427 0.1119 0.0896 0.0738 0.0624 0.0539 0.0474
1.500 0.134 0.129 0.1530 0.1195 0.0954 0.0784 0.0663 0.0572 0.0502
1.500 0.156 0.151 0.1781 0.1376 0.1090 0.0892 0.0751 0.0647 0.0567
1.500 0.175 0.170 0.1995 0.1527 0.1201 0.0979 0.0822 0.0707 0.0619

1.750 0.109 0.104 0.1137 0.0937 0.0773 0.0650 0.0556 0.0484 0.0428
1.750 0.118 0.113 0.1234 0.1014 0.0835 0.0700 0.0598 0.0521 0.0460
1.750 0.125 0.120 0.1310 0.1073 0.0882 0.0738 0.0631 0.0548 0.0484
1.750 0.134 0.129 0.1407 0.1149 0.0942 0.0787 0.0671 0.0583 0.0514
1.750 0.156 0.151 0.1644 0.1332 0.1084 0.0902 0.0767 0.0664 0.0585
1.750 0.175 0.170 0.1848 0.1486 0.1203 0.0996 0.0845 0.0730 0.0642
1.750 0.188 0.183 0.1987 0.1589 0.1281 0.1058 0.0896 0.0774 0.0679

2.000 0.109 0.104 0.0886 0.0749 0.0639 0.0553 0.0485 0.0430

2.000 0.118 0.113 0.0960 0.0810 0.0690 0.0596 0.0522 0.0463
2.000 0.125 0.120 0.1018 0.0857 0.0729 0.0629 0.0551 0.0489
2.000 0.134 0.129 0.1092 0.0917 0.0779 0.0671 0.0587 0.0520
2.000 0.156 0.151 0.1270 0.1061 0.0897 0.0771 0.0673 0.0595
2.000 0.175 0.170 0.1422 0.1183 0.0996 0.0853 0.0743 0.0656
2.000 0.188 0.183 0.1526 0.1264 0.1062 0.0908 0.0789 0.0697

* Multiply by the yield stress to obtain the external pressure (in the same units as the yield stress)

5
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Stress Limits

External Pressure Multiplier (CONT)

Point E - English Units

Wall Thickness Hole ID

OD Nom. Min. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
in in in in in in in
in in in * * * * * * *

2.375 0.109 0.104 0.0809 0.0705 0.0615 0.0540 0.0479 0.0428

2.000 0.118 0.113 0.0960 0.0810 0.0690 0.0596 0.0522 0.0463
2.375 0.125 0.120 0.0932 0.0810 0.0704 0.0617 0.0546 0.0488
2.375 0.134 0.129 0.1000 0.0868 0.0754 0.0660 0.0584 0.0521
2.375 0.156 0.151 0.1168 0.1009 0.0874 0.0763 0.0673 0.0600
2.375 0.175 0.170 0.1312 0.1130 0.0975 0.0848 0.0747 0.0665
2.375 0.188 0.183 0.1410 0.1211 0.1042 0.0906 0.0797 0.0708

2.625 0.125 0.120 0.0876 0.0775 0.0684 0.0605 0.0539 0.0485

2.625 0.134 0.129 0.0942 0.0832 0.0733 0.0648 0.0577 0.0518
2.625 0.156 0.151 0.1101 0.0969 0.0851 0.0750 0.0667 0.0598
2.625 0.175 0.170 0.1238 0.1087 0.0951 0.0837 0.0743 0.0665
2.625 0.188 0.183 0.1332 0.1167 0.1019 0.0895 0.0793 0.0709
2.625 0.203 0.198 0.1440 0.1258 0.1097 0.0962 0.0851 0.0760

2.875 0.125 0.120 0.0824 0.0740 0.0661 0.0591 0.0531 0.0479

2.875 0.134 0.129 0.0886 0.0795 0.0709 0.0633 0.0568 0.0513
2.875 0.156 0.151 0.1037 0.0928 0.0825 0.0735 0.0658 0.0593
2.875 0.175 0.170 0.1167 0.1042 0.0924 0.0821 0.0734 0.0661
2.875 0.188 0.183 0.1256 0.1119 0.0991 0.0880 0.0786 0.0706
2.875 0.203 0.198 0.1359 0.1208 0.1068 0.0946 0.0844 0.0758

3.500 0.134 0.129 0.0707 0.0647 0.0590 0.0539 0.0493

3.500 0.156 0.151 0.0827 0.0756 0.0688 0.0627 0.0573
3.500 0.175 0.170 0.0931 0.0849 0.0772 0.0702 0.0641
3.500 0.188 0.183 0.1001 0.0912 0.0828 0.0753 0.0687
3.500 0.203 0.198 0.1083 0.0985 0.0894 0.0811 0.0739

4.500 0.204 0.199 0.0799 0.0743 0.0690

4.500 0.224 0.219 0.0878 0.0815 0.0757
4.500 0.250 0.245 0.0980 0.0909 0.0843
* Multiply by the yield stress to obtain the external pressure (in the same units as the yield stress)

6
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Stress Limits

External Pressure Multiplier

Point E - Metric Units

Wall
Hole ID
Thickness
OD Nom. Min. 50 75 100 125 150 175 200
mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
mm mm mm * * * * * * *

25.400 2.210 2.083 0.1158 0.0839 0.0647 0.0523 0.0438 0.0376 0.0329
25.400 2.413 2.286 0.1260 0.0908 0.0698 0.0563 0.0471 0.0404 0.0354
25.400 2.591 2.464 0.1347 0.0966 0.0741 0.0597 0.0499 0.0428 0.0374
25.400 2.769 2.642 0.1433 0.1023 0.0782 0.0629 0.0525 0.0450 0.0393

31.750 1.905 1.778 0.0928 0.0714 0.0568 0.0466 0.0394 0.0341 0.0299
31.750 2.032 1.905 0.0992 0.0761 0.0604 0.0496 0.0419 0.0361 0.0318
31.750 2.210 2.083 0.1081 0.0826 0.0654 0.0536 0.0452 0.0390 0.0342
31.750 2.413 2.286 0.1182 0.0899 0.0709 0.0580 0.0489 0.0421 0.0370
31.750 2.591 2.464 0.1269 0.0962 0.0756 0.0618 0.0520 0.0448 0.0393
31.750 2.769 2.642 0.1356 0.1023 0.0803 0.0655 0.0550 0.0474 0.0415
31.750 2.997 2.870 0.1466 0.1100 0.0861 0.0700 0.0588 0.0506 0.0443
31.750 3.175 3.048 0.1551 0.1159 0.0904 0.0735 0.0616 0.0530 0.0464
31.750 3.404 3.277 0.1659 0.1233 0.0959 0.0777 0.0651 0.0559 0.0490
31.750 3.962 3.835 0.1918 0.1406 0.1085 0.0875 0.0731 0.0626 0.0548
31.750 4.445 4.318 0.2134 0.1547 0.1185 0.0952 0.0793 0.0679 0.0592

38.100 2.413 2.286 0.1085 0.0867 0.0702 0.0583 0.0496 0.0430 0.0379
38.100 2.591 2.464 0.1168 0.0930 0.0751 0.0623 0.0529 0.0458 0.0404
38.100 2.769 2.642 0.1250 0.0992 0.0800 0.0662 0.0562 0.0486 0.0428
38.100 2.997 2.870 0.1356 0.1071 0.0861 0.0711 0.0603 0.0521 0.0459
38.100 3.175 3.048 0.1438 0.1132 0.0908 0.0749 0.0634 0.0548 0.0482
38.100 3.404 3.277 0.1542 0.1209 0.0967 0.0796 0.0673 0.0581 0.0510
38.100 3.962 3.835 0.1796 0.1393 0.1105 0.0905 0.0763 0.0657 0.0576
38.100 4.445 4.318 0.2012 0.1546 0.1218 0.0994 0.0835 0.0718 0.0629

44.450 2.769 2.642 0.1144 0.0945 0.0782 0.0658 0.0564 0.0492 0.0435
44.450 2.997 2.870 0.1242 0.1023 0.0845 0.0709 0.0607 0.0528 0.0467
44.450 3.175 3.048 0.1318 0.1084 0.0893 0.0748 0.0640 0.0556 0.0491
44.450 3.404 3.277 0.1416 0.1160 0.0953 0.0798 0.0681 0.0592 0.0522
44.450 3.962 3.835 0.1655 0.1345 0.1098 0.0914 0.0778 0.0674 0.0594
44.450 4.445 4.318 0.1860 0.1501 0.1218 0.1010 0.0857 0.0742 0.0652
44.450 4.775 4.648 0.2000 0.1606 0.1298 0.1074 0.0909 0.0785 0.0690

50.800 2.769 2.642 0.0893 0.0757 0.0647 0.0560 0.0492 0.0437

50.800 2.997 2.870 0.0968 0.0819 0.0699 0.0604 0.0530 0.0470
50.800 3.175 3.048 0.1026 0.0867 0.0738 0.0638 0.0559 0.0496
50.800 3.404 3.277 0.1101 0.0927 0.0789 0.0680 0.0595 0.0528
50.800 3.962 3.835 0.1281 0.1073 0.0909 0.0781 0.0682 0.0604
50.800 4.445 4.318 0.1435 0.1196 0.1009 0.0865 0.0754 0.0666
50.800 4.775 4.648 0.1539 0.1279 0.1076 0.0921 0.0801 0.0707
* Multiply by the yield stress to obtain the external pressure (in the same units as the yield stress)

7
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Stress Limits

External Pressure Multiplier (CONT)

Point E - Metric Units

Wall
Hole ID
Thickness
OD Nom. Min. 50 75 100 125 150 175 200
mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
mm mm mm * * * * * * *

60.325 2.769 2.642 0.0814 0.0711 0.0621 0.0547 0.0485 0.0434

50.800 2.997 2.870 0.0968 0.0819 0.0699 0.0604 0.0530 0.0470
60.325 3.175 3.048 0.0938 0.0817 0.0712 0.0625 0.0553 0.0495
60.325 3.404 3.277 0.1007 0.0876 0.0762 0.0668 0.0591 0.0528
60.325 3.962 3.835 0.1176 0.1019 0.0883 0.0772 0.0682 0.0608
60.325 4.445 4.318 0.1321 0.1141 0.0986 0.0859 0.0757 0.0674
60.325 4.775 4.648 0.1420 0.1223 0.1055 0.0918 0.0808 0.0718

66.675 3.175 3.048 0.0976 0.0881 0.0781 0.0690 0.0612 0.0546 0.0491
66.675 3.404 3.277 0.1050 0.0947 0.0838 0.0740 0.0655 0.0584 0.0525
66.675 3.962 3.835 0.1231 0.1107 0.0977 0.0860 0.0759 0.0675 0.0606
66.675 4.445 4.318 0.1388 0.1245 0.1096 0.0961 0.0847 0.0752 0.0674
66.675 4.775 4.648 0.1495 0.1340 0.1177 0.1030 0.0906 0.0804 0.0719
66.675 5.156 5.029 0.1620 0.1449 0.1269 0.1109 0.0973 0.0862 0.0770

73.025 3.175 3.048 0.0828 0.0746 0.0667 0.0597 0.0537 0.0485

73.025 3.404 3.277 0.0890 0.0801 0.0715 0.0640 0.0575 0.0519
73.025 3.962 3.835 0.1042 0.0935 0.0833 0.0743 0.0666 0.0601
73.025 4.445 4.318 0.1173 0.1050 0.0933 0.0831 0.0743 0.0669
73.025 4.775 4.648 0.1263 0.1128 0.1001 0.0890 0.0795 0.0716
73.025 5.156 5.029 0.1366 0.1218 0.1079 0.0957 0.0854 0.0768

88.900 3.404 3.277 0.0711 0.0652 0.0596 0.0544 0.0499

88.900 3.962 3.835 0.0832 0.0761 0.0694 0.0633 0.0579
88.900 4.445 4.318 0.0936 0.0855 0.0779 0.0709 0.0648
88.900 4.775 4.648 0.1007 0.0919 0.0836 0.0761 0.0694
88.900 5.156 5.029 0.1089 0.0993 0.0902 0.0820 0.0747

114.300 5.182 5.055 0.0804 0.0749 0.0697

114.300 5.690 5.563 0.0884 0.0822 0.0764
114.300 6.350 6.223 0.0987 0.0917 0.0851
* Multiply by the yield stress to obtain the external pressure (in the same units as the yield stress)

8
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Stress Limits

Compressive Load Multiplier

Point F - English Units

Wall Thickness Hole ID

OD Nom. Min. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
in in in in in in in
in in in in2 in2 in2 in2 in2 in2 in2

1.000 0.087 0.082 0.1086 0.0705 0.0522 0.0414 0.0343 0.0293 0.0256
1.000 0.095 0.090 0.1172 0.0759 0.0561 0.0445 0.0369 0.0315 0.0275
1.000 0.102 0.097 0.1244 0.0803 0.0593 0.0470 0.0390 0.0333 0.0290
1.000 0.109 0.104 0.1313 0.0847 0.0625 0.0495 0.0410 0.0350 0.0305

1.250 0.075 0.070 0.1553 0.1011 0.0750 0.0596 0.0494 0.0422 0.0369
1.250 0.080 0.075 0.1652 0.1074 0.0796 0.0632 0.0524 0.0448 0.0391
1.250 0.087 0.082 0.1787 0.1159 0.0858 0.0681 0.0564 0.0482 0.0421
1.250 0.095 0.090 0.1938 0.1254 0.0927 0.0735 0.0609 0.0520 0.0453
1.250 0.102 0.097 0.2067 0.1334 0.0985 0.0781 0.0646 0.0552 0.0481
1.250 0.109 0.104 0.2192 0.1412 0.1041 0.0825 0.0683 0.0582 0.0508
1.250 0.118 0.113 0.2349 0.1509 0.1111 0.0879 0.0728 0.0620 0.0541
1.250 0.125 0.120 0.2468 0.1581 0.1163 0.0920 0.0761 0.0649 0.0565
1.250 0.134 0.129 0.2617 0.1671 0.1228 0.0970 0.0802 0.0684 0.0596
1.250 0.156 0.151 0.2959 0.1877 0.1374 0.1084 0.0895 0.0762 0.0664
1.250 0.175 0.170 0.3233 0.2038 0.1488 0.1172 0.0967 0.0822 0.0716

1.500 0.095 0.090 0.2898 0.1874 0.1385 0.1098 0.0910 0.0777 0.0678
1.500 0.102 0.097 0.3100 0.2000 0.1476 0.1170 0.0969 0.0827 0.0721
1.500 0.109 0.104 0.3299 0.2123 0.1565 0.1240 0.1026 0.0875 0.0763
1.500 0.118 0.113 0.3549 0.2278 0.1677 0.1327 0.1098 0.0936 0.0816
1.500 0.125 0.120 0.3740 0.2395 0.1761 0.1392 0.1152 0.0982 0.0855
1.500 0.134 0.129 0.3981 0.2541 0.1866 0.1474 0.1219 0.1038 0.0905
1.500 0.156 0.151 0.4548 0.2881 0.2108 0.1663 0.1372 0.1168 0.1017
1.500 0.175 0.170 0.5012 0.3155 0.2302 0.1812 0.1494 0.1271 0.1106

1.750 0.109 0.104 0.4633 0.2981 0.2197 0.1740 0.1440 0.1229 0.1071
1.750 0.118 0.113 0.4999 0.3206 0.2360 0.1867 0.1545 0.1317 0.1148
1.750 0.125 0.120 0.5280 0.3378 0.2484 0.1964 0.1624 0.1384 0.1206
1.750 0.134 0.129 0.5637 0.3595 0.2639 0.2085 0.1723 0.1468 0.1279
1.750 0.156 0.151 0.6485 0.4105 0.3002 0.2367 0.1953 0.1663 0.1448
1.750 0.175 0.170 0.7192 0.4522 0.3297 0.2595 0.2139 0.1819 0.1583
1.750 0.188 0.183 0.7662 0.4795 0.3489 0.2742 0.2259 0.1920 0.1670

2.000 0.109 0.104 0.3985 0.2937 0.2325 0.1925 0.1642 0.1431

2.000 0.118 0.113 0.4295 0.3161 0.2500 0.2068 0.1764 0.1537
2.000 0.125 0.120 0.4533 0.3332 0.2634 0.2178 0.1856 0.1618
2.000 0.134 0.129 0.4834 0.3548 0.2802 0.2316 0.1973 0.1719
2.000 0.156 0.151 0.5548 0.4057 0.3197 0.2638 0.2246 0.1955
2.000 0.175 0.170 0.6139 0.4475 0.3520 0.2902 0.2468 0.2147
2.000 0.188 0.183 0.6530 0.4750 0.3732 0.3073 0.2613 0.2272
* Multiply by the yield stress in pounds per square inch (psi) to obtain the compressive force in pounds.

9
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Stress Limits

Compressive Load Multiplier (CONT)

Point F - English Units

Wall Thickness Hole ID

OD Nom. Min. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
in in in in in in in
in in in in2 in2 in2 in2 in2 in2 in2

2.375 0.109 0.104 0.5764 0.4248 0.3363 0.2783 0.2374 0.2070

2.375 0.118 0.113 0.6228 0.4582 0.3625 0.2998 0.2556 0.2228
2.375 0.125 0.120 0.6584 0.4839 0.3825 0.3162 0.2695 0.2349
2.375 0.134 0.129 0.7038 0.5164 0.4078 0.3370 0.2871 0.2501
2.375 0.156 0.151 0.8124 0.5938 0.4679 0.3861 0.3286 0.2860
2.375 0.175 0.170 0.9034 0.6582 0.5177 0.4266 0.3628 0.3156
2.375 0.188 0.183 0.9643 0.7010 0.5507 0.4534 0.3854 0.3351

2.625 0.125 0.120 0.8166 0.6000 0.4743 0.3921 0.3342 0.2912

2.625 0.134 0.129 0.8738 0.6411 0.5063 0.4183 0.3564 0.3104
2.625 0.156 0.151 1.0115 0.7393 0.5825 0.4806 0.4090 0.3560
2.625 0.175 0.170 1.1278 0.8215 0.6461 0.5324 0.4527 0.3938
2.625 0.188 0.183 1.2060 0.8764 0.6883 0.5667 0.4816 0.4187
2.625 0.203 0.198 1.2947 0.9384 0.7359 0.6053 0.5141 0.4467

2.875 0.125 0.120 0.9917 0.7287 0.5759 0.4761 0.4058 0.3536

2.875 0.134 0.129 1.0623 0.7793 0.6154 0.5084 0.4331 0.3773
2.875 0.156 0.151 1.2327 0.9008 0.7097 0.5855 0.4983 0.4337
2.875 0.175 0.170 1.3773 1.0030 0.7887 0.6499 0.5526 0.4806
2.875 0.188 0.183 1.4749 1.0716 0.8415 0.6928 0.5887 0.5118
2.875 0.203 0.198 1.5861 1.1493 0.9011 0.7411 0.6294 0.5469

3.500 0.134 0.129 1.1841 0.9349 0.7723 0.6579 0.5731

3.500 0.156 0.151 1.3746 1.0829 0.8932 0.7601 0.6616
3.500 0.175 0.170 1.5366 1.2080 0.9952 0.8461 0.7359
3.500 0.188 0.183 1.6460 1.2922 1.0637 0.9038 0.7857
3.500 0.203 0.198 1.7708 1.3880 1.1413 0.9691 0.8420

4.500 0.204 0.199 1.9712 1.6734 1.4538

4.500 0.224 0.219 2.1541 1.8269 1.5860
4.500 0.250 0.245 2.3878 2.0225 1.7541
* Multiply by the yield stress in pounds per square inch (psi) to obtain the compressive force in pounds.

10
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Stress Limits

Compressive Load Multiplier

Point F - Metric Units

Wall
Hole ID
Thickness
OD Nom. Min. 50 75 100 125 150 175 200
mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
mm mm mm mm2 mm2 mm2 mm2 mm2 mm2 mm2

25.400 2.210 2.083 71.29 46.25 34.23 27.17 22.52 19.23 16.78
25.400 2.413 2.286 76.91 49.77 36.79 29.18 24.18 20.64 18.00
25.400 2.591 2.464 81.65 52.72 38.93 30.85 25.55 21.81 19.02
25.400 2.769 2.642 86.23 55.55 40.97 32.45 26.87 22.92 19.99

31.750 1.905 1.778 101.91 66.35 49.19 39.08 32.42 27.69 24.17
31.750 2.032 1.905 108.39 70.45 52.18 41.44 34.36 29.35 25.62
31.750 2.210 2.083 117.29 76.05 56.27 44.65 37.01 31.60 27.58
31.750 2.413 2.286 127.21 82.26 60.78 48.20 39.93 34.09 29.73
31.750 2.591 2.464 135.67 87.53 64.60 51.20 42.40 36.18 31.55
31.750 2.769 2.642 143.94 92.65 68.30 54.09 44.78 38.20 33.30
31.750 2.997 2.870 154.28 99.00 72.89 57.68 47.72 40.69 35.47
31.750 3.175 3.048 162.10 103.78 76.32 60.35 49.91 42.55 37.08
31.750 3.404 3.277 171.87 109.71 80.57 63.66 52.62 44.84 39.06
31.750 3.962 3.835 194.44 123.22 90.19 71.12 58.71 49.99 43.52
31.750 4.445 4.318 212.48 133.83 97.67 76.90 63.41 53.95 46.94

38.100 2.413 2.286 190.23 122.97 90.85 72.03 59.67 50.93 44.43
38.100 2.591 2.464 203.52 131.24 96.84 76.73 63.54 54.22 47.28
38.100 2.769 2.642 216.59 139.33 102.70 81.32 67.30 57.41 50.05
38.100 2.997 2.870 233.08 149.47 110.01 87.03 71.99 61.39 53.50
38.100 3.175 3.048 245.67 157.16 115.54 91.34 75.53 64.38 56.10
38.100 3.404 3.277 261.54 166.79 122.44 96.72 79.93 68.10 59.33
38.100 3.962 3.835 298.87 189.16 138.36 109.07 90.02 76.63 66.71
38.100 4.445 4.318 329.48 207.16 151.08 118.89 98.01 83.37 72.53

44.450 2.769 2.642 304.20 195.60 144.15 114.12 94.45 80.56 70.24
44.450 2.997 2.870 328.30 210.43 154.84 122.48 101.31 86.38 75.28
44.450 3.175 3.048 346.80 221.73 162.96 128.82 106.51 90.78 79.10
44.450 3.404 3.277 370.28 235.99 173.18 136.77 113.02 96.29 83.88
44.450 3.962 3.835 426.20 269.49 197.04 155.29 128.14 109.07 94.94
44.450 4.445 4.318 472.81 296.92 216.41 170.25 140.32 119.34 103.82
44.450 4.775 4.648 503.81 314.91 229.03 179.96 148.20 125.97 109.54

50.800 2.769 2.642 261.47 192.66 152.52 126.22 107.66 93.86

50.800 2.997 2.870 281.88 207.37 164.02 135.66 115.66 100.80
50.800 3.175 3.048 297.51 218.61 172.79 142.85 121.75 106.08
50.800 3.404 3.277 317.30 232.79 183.83 151.89 129.40 112.72
50.800 3.962 3.835 364.23 266.22 209.77 173.08 147.31 128.22
50.800 4.445 4.318 403.13 293.70 231.00 190.36 161.88 140.81
* Multiply by the yield stress in Mega Pascals to obtain the compressive force in Mega Newtons.

11
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Stress Limits

Compressive Load Multiplier (CONT)

Point F - Metric Units

Wall
Hole ID
Thickness
OD Nom. Min. 50 75 100 125 150 175 200
mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
mm mm mm mm2 mm2 mm2 mm2 mm2 mm2 mm2

50.800 4.775 4.648 428.89 311.78 244.90 201.65 171.38 149.01

60.325 2.769 2.642 378.27 278.67 220.59 182.54 155.69 135.73

60.325 3.175 3.048 432.17 317.49 250.91 207.41 176.77 154.01

60.325 3.404 3.277 461.99 338.86 267.55 221.04 188.30 164.01
60.325 3.962 3.835 533.37 389.71 307.01 253.27 215.54 187.59
60.325 4.445 4.318 593.30 432.05 339.72 279.90 237.99 207.00
60.325 4.775 4.648 633.40 460.19 361.37 297.49 252.80 219.78

66.675 3.175 3.048 535.95 393.69 311.11 257.16 219.16 190.95

66.675 3.404 3.277 573.60 420.67 332.12 274.37 233.73 203.57
66.675 3.962 3.835 664.16 485.18 382.19 315.26 268.29 233.49
66.675 4.445 4.318 740.67 539.23 423.94 349.26 296.95 258.27
66.675 4.775 4.648 792.12 575.34 451.72 371.83 315.95 274.67
66.675 5.156 5.029 850.57 616.12 483.00 397.18 337.25 293.04

73.025 3.175 3.048 650.93 478.10 377.80 312.28 266.13 231.86

73.025 3.404 3.277 697.34 511.37 403.70 333.49 284.08 247.42
73.025 3.962 3.835 809.37 591.17 465.64 384.08 326.83 284.44
73.025 4.445 4.318 904.51 658.39 517.55 426.35 362.48 315.25
73.025 4.775 4.648 968.74 703.47 552.24 454.53 386.20 335.73
73.025 5.156 5.029 1,042.0 754.57 591.43 486.30 412.90 358.75

88.900 3.404 3.277 776.96 613.30 506.60 431.52 375.82

88.900 3.962 3.835 902.18 710.49 585.98 498.61 433.91
88.900 4.445 4.318 1,008.63 792.71 652.93 555.06 482.71
88.900 4.775 4.648 1,080.5 848.05 697.89 592.91 515.38
88.900 5.156 5.029 1,162.6 911.00 748.91 635.79 552.36

114.300 5.182 5.055 1,293.5 1,097.9 953.7

114.300 5.690 5.563 1,413.6 1,198.7 1,040.5
114.300 6.350 6.223 1,567.2 1,327.2 1,150.9
* Multiply by the yield stress in Mega Pascals to obtain the compressive force in Mega Newtons.

12
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Stress Limits

Internal Pressure Multiplier

Point G - English

Wall Thickness Hole ID

OD Nom. Min. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
in in in in in in in
in in in * * * * * * *

1.000 0.087 0.082 0.1277 0.0998 0.0805 0.0669 0.0571 0.0496 0.0439
1.000 0.095 0.090 0.1407 0.1103 0.0891 0.0742 0.0633 0.0551 0.0487
1.000 0.102 0.097 0.1521 0.1196 0.0968 0.0806 0.0689 0.0600 0.0531
1.000 0.109 0.104 0.1637 0.1290 0.1046 0.0873 0.0746 0.0650 0.0575

1.250 0.075 0.070 0.0961 0.0776 0.0638 0.0536 0.0460 0.0402 0.0356
1.250 0.080 0.075 0.1030 0.0834 0.0685 0.0576 0.0495 0.0433 0.0383
1.250 0.087 0.082 0.1128 0.0914 0.0753 0.0634 0.0544 0.0476 0.0422
1.250 0.095 0.090 0.1240 0.1007 0.0830 0.0700 0.0602 0.0526 0.0467
1.250 0.102 0.097 0.1339 0.1089 0.0899 0.0758 0.0652 0.0571 0.0507
1.250 0.109 0.104 0.1437 0.1171 0.0969 0.0818 0.0704 0.0616 0.0547
1.250 0.118 0.113 0.1565 0.1278 0.1059 0.0895 0.0771 0.0676 0.0600
1.250 0.125 0.120 0.1664 0.1362 0.1130 0.0957 0.0825 0.0723 0.0643
1.250 0.134 0.129 0.1793 0.1472 0.1223 0.1037 0.0895 0.0785 0.0698
1.250 0.156 0.151 0.2110 0.1744 0.1457 0.1240 0.1073 0.0943 0.0840
1.250 0.175 0.170 0.2387 0.1986 0.1668 0.1424 0.1236 0.1088 0.0971

1.500 0.095 0.090 0.1105 0.0926 0.0779 0.0665 0.0576 0.0507 0.0452
1.500 0.102 0.097 0.1192 0.1000 0.0842 0.0719 0.0624 0.0549 0.0489
1.500 0.109 0.104 0.1279 0.1074 0.0906 0.0774 0.0672 0.0592 0.0527
1.500 0.118 0.113 0.1391 0.1170 0.0988 0.0845 0.0734 0.0647 0.0577
1.500 0.125 0.120 0.1478 0.1245 0.1052 0.0901 0.0784 0.0691 0.0616
1.500 0.134 0.129 0.1590 0.1342 0.1136 0.0974 0.0848 0.0748 0.0667
1.500 0.156 0.151 0.1865 0.1582 0.1344 0.1156 0.1008 0.0891 0.0796
1.500 0.175 0.170 0.2104 0.1792 0.1529 0.1319 0.1152 0.1020 0.0912

1.750 0.109 0.104 0.1149 0.0990 0.0850 0.0736 0.0644 0.0571 0.0511
1.750 0.118 0.113 0.1248 0.1077 0.0926 0.0803 0.0703 0.0623 0.0558
1.750 0.125 0.120 0.1326 0.1145 0.0986 0.0855 0.0749 0.0664 0.0595
1.750 0.134 0.129 0.1426 0.1233 0.1062 0.0922 0.0809 0.0718 0.0643
1.750 0.156 0.151 0.1670 0.1449 0.1252 0.1090 0.0958 0.0851 0.0763
1.750 0.175 0.170 0.1882 0.1637 0.1419 0.1237 0.1090 0.0969 0.0870
1.750 0.188 0.183 0.2026 0.1767 0.1534 0.1340 0.1182 0.1052 0.0946

2.000 0.109 0.104 0.0916 0.0800 0.0701 0.0619 0.0552 0.0496

2.000 0.118 0.113 0.0996 0.0871 0.0764 0.0675 0.0602 0.0541
2.000 0.125 0.120 0.1058 0.0926 0.0812 0.0718 0.0641 0.0576
2.000 0.134 0.129 0.1139 0.0997 0.0876 0.0775 0.0691 0.0622
2.000 0.156 0.151 0.1336 0.1173 0.1032 0.0914 0.0817 0.0736
2.000 0.175 0.170 0.1507 0.1326 0.1169 0.1037 0.0928 0.0837
2.000 0.188 0.183 0.1625 0.1431 0.1264 0.1123 0.1005 0.0907

* Multiply by the yield stress to obtain the internal pressure (in the same units as the yield stress)

13
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Stress Limits

Internal Pressure Multiplier (CONT)

Point G - English

Wall Thickness Hole ID

OD Nom. Min. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
in in in in in in in
in in in * * * * * * *

2.375 0.109 0.104 0.0820 0.0732 0.0653 0.0584 0.0525 0.0476

2.000 0.118 0.113 0.0996 0.0871 0.0764 0.0675 0.0602 0.0541
2.375 0.125 0.120 0.0947 0.0846 0.0755 0.0676 0.0609 0.0551
2.375 0.134 0.129 0.1018 0.0911 0.0813 0.0728 0.0656 0.0595
2.375 0.156 0.151 0.1193 0.1069 0.0956 0.0857 0.0773 0.0701
2.375 0.175 0.170 0.1344 0.1206 0.1080 0.0969 0.0875 0.0795
2.375 0.188 0.183 0.1448 0.1300 0.1165 0.1047 0.0946 0.0859

2.625 0.125 0.120 0.0883 0.0799 0.0720 0.0650 0.0589 0.0536

2.625 0.134 0.129 0.0949 0.0859 0.0775 0.0700 0.0634 0.0577
2.625 0.156 0.151 0.1112 0.1008 0.0910 0.0822 0.0746 0.0680
2.625 0.175 0.170 0.1252 0.1136 0.1027 0.0929 0.0843 0.0769
2.625 0.188 0.183 0.1348 0.1224 0.1107 0.1003 0.0911 0.0831
2.625 0.203 0.198 0.1459 0.1326 0.1201 0.1088 0.0989 0.0903

2.875 0.125 0.120 0.0826 0.0755 0.0687 0.0625 0.0569 0.0521

2.875 0.134 0.129 0.0888 0.0812 0.0739 0.0672 0.0613 0.0561
2.875 0.156 0.151 0.1040 0.0952 0.0867 0.0789 0.0720 0.0660
2.875 0.175 0.170 0.1171 0.1073 0.0978 0.0891 0.0814 0.0746
2.875 0.188 0.183 0.1260 0.1156 0.1054 0.0961 0.0878 0.0805
2.875 0.203 0.198 0.1364 0.1251 0.1143 0.1043 0.0953 0.0874

3.500 0.134 0.129 0.0712 0.0660 0.0610 0.0564 0.0522

3.500 0.156 0.151 0.0833 0.0773 0.0715 0.0661 0.0612
3.500 0.175 0.170 0.0938 0.0871 0.0807 0.0746 0.0691
3.500 0.188 0.183 0.1010 0.0938 0.0869 0.0804 0.0745
3.500 0.203 0.198 0.1093 0.1016 0.0941 0.0872 0.0808

4.500 0.204 0.199 0.0813 0.0766 0.0721

4.500 0.224 0.219 0.0895 0.0844 0.0794
4.500 0.250 0.245 0.1002 0.0945 0.0890
* Multiply by the yield stress to obtain the internal pressure (in the same units as the yield stress)

14
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Stress Limits

Internal Pressure Multiplier

Point G - Metric Units

Wall Thickness Hole ID

OD Nom. Min. 50 75 100 125 150 175 200
mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
mm mm mm * * * * * * *

1.000 0.087 0.082 0.1277 0.0998 0.0805 0.0669 0.0571 0.0496 0.0439
1.000 0.095 0.090 0.1407 0.1103 0.0891 0.0742 0.0633 0.0551 0.0487
1.000 0.102 0.097 0.1521 0.1196 0.0968 0.0806 0.0689 0.0600 0.0531
1.000 0.109 0.104 0.1637 0.1290 0.1046 0.0873 0.0746 0.0650 0.0575

1.250 0.075 0.070 0.0961 0.0776 0.0638 0.0536 0.0460 0.0402 0.0356
1.250 0.080 0.075 0.1030 0.0834 0.0685 0.0576 0.0495 0.0433 0.0383
1.250 0.087 0.082 0.1128 0.0914 0.0753 0.0634 0.0544 0.0476 0.0422
1.250 0.095 0.090 0.1240 0.1007 0.0830 0.0700 0.0602 0.0526 0.0467
1.250 0.102 0.097 0.1339 0.1089 0.0899 0.0758 0.0652 0.0571 0.0507
1.250 0.109 0.104 0.1437 0.1171 0.0969 0.0818 0.0704 0.0616 0.0547
1.250 0.118 0.113 0.1565 0.1278 0.1059 0.0895 0.0771 0.0676 0.0600
1.250 0.125 0.120 0.1664 0.1362 0.1130 0.0957 0.0825 0.0723 0.0643
1.250 0.134 0.129 0.1793 0.1472 0.1223 0.1037 0.0895 0.0785 0.0698
1.250 0.156 0.151 0.2110 0.1744 0.1457 0.1240 0.1073 0.0943 0.0840
1.250 0.175 0.170 0.2387 0.1986 0.1668 0.1424 0.1236 0.1088 0.0971

1.500 0.095 0.090 0.1105 0.0926 0.0779 0.0665 0.0576 0.0507 0.0452
1.500 0.102 0.097 0.1192 0.1000 0.0842 0.0719 0.0624 0.0549 0.0489
1.500 0.109 0.104 0.1279 0.1074 0.0906 0.0774 0.0672 0.0592 0.0527
1.500 0.118 0.113 0.1391 0.1170 0.0988 0.0845 0.0734 0.0647 0.0577
1.500 0.125 0.120 0.1478 0.1245 0.1052 0.0901 0.0784 0.0691 0.0616
1.500 0.134 0.129 0.1590 0.1342 0.1136 0.0974 0.0848 0.0748 0.0667
1.500 0.156 0.151 0.1865 0.1582 0.1344 0.1156 0.1008 0.0891 0.0796
1.500 0.175 0.170 0.2104 0.1792 0.1529 0.1319 0.1152 0.1020 0.0912

1.750 0.109 0.104 0.1149 0.0990 0.0850 0.0736 0.0644 0.0571 0.0511
1.750 0.118 0.113 0.1248 0.1077 0.0926 0.0803 0.0703 0.0623 0.0558
1.750 0.125 0.120 0.1326 0.1145 0.0986 0.0855 0.0749 0.0664 0.0595
1.750 0.134 0.129 0.1426 0.1233 0.1062 0.0922 0.0809 0.0718 0.0643
1.750 0.156 0.151 0.1670 0.1449 0.1252 0.1090 0.0958 0.0851 0.0763
1.750 0.175 0.170 0.1882 0.1637 0.1419 0.1237 0.1090 0.0969 0.0870
1.750 0.188 0.183 0.2026 0.1767 0.1534 0.1340 0.1182 0.1052 0.0946

2.000 0.109 0.104 0.0916 0.0800 0.0701 0.0619 0.0552 0.0496

2.000 0.118 0.113 0.0996 0.0871 0.0764 0.0675 0.0602 0.0541
2.000 0.125 0.120 0.1058 0.0926 0.0812 0.0718 0.0641 0.0576
2.000 0.134 0.129 0.1139 0.0997 0.0876 0.0775 0.0691 0.0622
2.000 0.156 0.151 0.1336 0.1173 0.1032 0.0914 0.0817 0.0736
2.000 0.175 0.170 0.1507 0.1326 0.1169 0.1037 0.0928 0.0837
2.000 0.188 0.183 0.1625 0.1431 0.1264 0.1123 0.1005 0.0907

* Multiply by the yield stress to obtain the internal pressure (in the same units as the yield stress)

15
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Stress Limits

Internal Pressure Multiplier (CONT)

Point G - Metric Units

Wall Thickness Hole ID

OD Nom. Min. 50 75 100 125 150 175 200
mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
mm mm mm * * * * * * *

2.375 0.109 0.104 0.0820 0.0732 0.0653 0.0584 0.0525 0.0476

2.000 0.118 0.113 0.0996 0.0871 0.0764 0.0675 0.0602 0.0541
2.375 0.125 0.120 0.0947 0.0846 0.0755 0.0676 0.0609 0.0551
2.375 0.134 0.129 0.1018 0.0911 0.0813 0.0728 0.0656 0.0595
2.375 0.156 0.151 0.1193 0.1069 0.0956 0.0857 0.0773 0.0701
2.375 0.175 0.170 0.1344 0.1206 0.1080 0.0969 0.0875 0.0795
2.375 0.188 0.183 0.1448 0.1300 0.1165 0.1047 0.0946 0.0859

2.625 0.125 0.120 0.0883 0.0799 0.0720 0.0650 0.0589 0.0536

2.625 0.134 0.129 0.0949 0.0859 0.0775 0.0700 0.0634 0.0577
2.625 0.156 0.151 0.1112 0.1008 0.0910 0.0822 0.0746 0.0680
2.625 0.175 0.170 0.1252 0.1136 0.1027 0.0929 0.0843 0.0769
2.625 0.188 0.183 0.1348 0.1224 0.1107 0.1003 0.0911 0.0831
2.625 0.203 0.198 0.1459 0.1326 0.1201 0.1088 0.0989 0.0903

2.875 0.125 0.120 0.0826 0.0755 0.0687 0.0625 0.0569 0.0521

2.875 0.134 0.129 0.0888 0.0812 0.0739 0.0672 0.0613 0.0561
2.875 0.156 0.151 0.1040 0.0952 0.0867 0.0789 0.0720 0.0660
2.875 0.175 0.170 0.1171 0.1073 0.0978 0.0891 0.0814 0.0746
2.875 0.188 0.183 0.1260 0.1156 0.1054 0.0961 0.0878 0.0805
2.875 0.203 0.198 0.1364 0.1251 0.1143 0.1043 0.0953 0.0874

3.500 0.134 0.129 0.0712 0.0660 0.0610 0.0564 0.0522

3.500 0.156 0.151 0.0833 0.0773 0.0715 0.0661 0.0612
3.500 0.175 0.170 0.0938 0.0871 0.0807 0.0746 0.0691
3.500 0.188 0.183 0.1010 0.0938 0.0869 0.0804 0.0745
3.500 0.203 0.198 0.1093 0.1016 0.0941 0.0872 0.0808

4.500 0.204 0.199 0.0813 0.0766 0.0721

4.500 0.224 0.219 0.0895 0.0844 0.0794
4.500 0.250 0.245 0.1002 0.0945 0.0890
* Multiply by the yield stress to obtain the internal pressure (in the same units as the yield stress)

16
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Fatigue

Coiled Tubing Fatigue

In a typical application CT experiences 3 bending and 3 unbending events in one “trip” into
and out of a well:

1. Unbending off of the reel,

2. Bending over the guide arch (while RIH),
3. Unbending off of the guide arch (RIH),
4. Bending over the guide arch (while POOH),
5. Unbending off of the guide arch (when POOH),
6. Bending onto the reel.
Note that 4 of these bending events involve the guide arch and 2 involve the reel. Thus, in a
typical situation, more fatigue damage is done at the guide arch than at the reel.

The primary factors that affect the fatigue life are:

• CT diameter
• CT material
• CT wall thickness
• pressure in the CT while it is being bent
• welds in the CT
• radius of bending at the reel
• radius of bending at the guide arch
• tension in the CT while bending
• rotation of the CT between bends
• CT surface finish, internal and external
• previous fatigue history
Calculating the fatigue life is very complex, and thus must be done with computer modeling.
Three major “fatigue models” have been developed to determine the fatigue life of CT.
These models have been developed by:

S. Tipton – University of Tulsa

V. Avakov – Halliburton
BJ/Nowsco

The model developed by Tipton is used in the CTES Cerberus™ (non-Halliburton) software
and the Schlumberger Dowell software. The Avakov model is used in the CTES Cerberus™
(Halliburton), Maurer and Medco software. The BJ/Nowsco model is exclusive to BJ.

This section includes a series of graphs produced using the Tipton model in the CTES Cer-
berus™ software. These graphs show the number of “trips” to “failure”. In a trip, the section
of CT of interest experiences the 3 bending and 3 unbending events listed above. Failure
for most of these graphs is defined as “crack initiation”, when the first cracking would begin
to occur in the surface of the CT material. The “Varying Failure Criterion” graph shows a
comparison of this crack initiation failure criterion with a “pressure loss” failure criterion
where the crack has propagated through the wall thickness and pressure is lost through a
pin-hole or through crack. No safety factor has been included in these graphs.

These graphs provide a qualitative understanding of the fatigue life and how it varies as the
various parameters are varied. In actual field operations, the pressure is not constant for the
entire life of the CT. Thus these graphs cannot be used to determine the actual life of a sec-
tion of CT used in the field. The computer models must be used to determine the actual
fatigue life.

1
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Fatigue

Varying Materials

250

Grade 70 (70 kpsi yield)

200
Grade 80 (80 kpsi yield)
Trips to Crack Iniation

Grade 100 (100 kpsi yield)

150

100

50

0
0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000
Pressure (psi)

CT Diameter 1.75 in
Wall Thickness 0.134 in
Reel Diameter 84 in
Guide Arch Radius 72 in
Material Grade (yield Stress) 80 kpsi
Failure Criterion Varies

Varying Failure Criterion

250

Crack Initiation
200
Pressure Loss
Trips to Crack Iniation

150

100

50

0
0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000
Pressure (psi)

CT Diameter 1.75 in
Wall Thickness 0.109 in
Reel Diameter 84 in
Guide Arch Radius 72 in
Material Grade (yield Stress) Varies
Failure Criterion Crack Initiation

2
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Fatigue

Coiled Tubing Diameters 1.00" - 1.75"

500

450
1.00 in
400 1.25 in
1.50 in

Trips to Crack Iniation

350 1.75 in

300

250

200

150

100

50

0
0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000
Pressure (psi)

CT Diameter Varies
Wall Thickness 0.109 in
Reel Diameter 84 in
Guide Arch Radius 50 in
Material Grade (yield Stress) 80 kpsi
Failure Criterion Crack Initiation

Coiled Tubing Diameters 1.50" - 2.375"

300

1.50 in
250 1.75 in
2.00 in
Trips to Crack Iniation

2.375 in
200

150

100

50

0
0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000
Pressure (psi)

CT Diameter Varies
Wall Thickness 0.134 in
Reel Diameter 84 in
Guide Arch Radius 72 in
Material Grade (yield Stress) 80 kpsi
Failure Criterion Crack Initiation

3
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Fatigue

Coiled Tubing Diameters 2.00" - 4.50"

250

2.00 in
2.375 in
200
2.875 in
Trips to Crack Iniation

3.5 in
4.5 in
150

100

50

0
0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000
Pressure (psi)

CT Diameter Varies
Wall Thickness 0.175 in
Reel Diameter 84 in
Guide Arch Radius 120 in
Material Grade (yield Stress) 80 kpsi
Failure Criterion Crack Initiation

Varying Wall Thickness

200
0.095 in
180 0.109 in
0.125 in
160
0.134 in
Trips to Crack Iniation

140 0.156 in
0.175 in
120

100

80

60

40

20

0
0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000
Pressure (psi)

CT Diameter 1.75 in
Wall Thickness Varies
Reel Diameter 84 in
Guide Arch Radius 72 in
Material Grade (yield Stress) 80 kpsi
Failure Criterion Crack Initiation

4
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Fatigue

Varying Reel Diameter

300
72 in
84 in
250
96 in
108 in

Trips to Crack Iniation

200 120 in

150

100

50

0
0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000
Pressure (psi)

CT Diameter 1.75 in
Wall Thickness 0.134 in
Reel Diameter Varies
Guide Arch Radius 72 in
Material Grade (yield Stress) 80 kpsi
Failure Criterion Crack Initiation

Varying Guide Arch Radius

300

48 in
250 72 in
90 in
Trips to Crack Iniation

200 120 in

150

100

50

0
0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000
Pressure (psi)

CT Diameter 1.75 in
Wall Thickness 0.109 in
Reel Diameter 84 in
Guide Arch Radius Varies
Material Grade (yield Stress) 80 kpsi
Failure Criterion Crack Initiation

5
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Coiled Tubing Fatigue

This page left blank for printing purposes.

6
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

There are four things which change the depth of CT in the well compared to the measured
length of CT at surface:

1. Stretch due to axial load

2. Thermal elongation
3. Elongation due to pressure differential
4. Shortening due to helical buckling
Each of these depth corrections is discussed below, followed by a discussion of stuck point
calculations.

Stretch due to Axial Load. The depth measurement systems used at surface may or
may not account for some of the stretch in the CT due to the axial load depending on the
location of the friction wheel. The axial load in the CT (sometimes called the "real axial
force") varies as the pressure inside and outside the CT varies. The stretch included in the
depth measurement depends upon the axial load in the CT under the friction wheel when
the measurement is being made.

CT stretch is much more complicated than stretch of conventional tubulars because of the
residual bending stresses in the CT. The following figure shows the stretch, which occurs as
a piece of CT is loaded from zero to 80% of its yield load, and then the load is released.

5.0
Stretch (ft/1,000 ft)

4.0
elastic
3.0 plastic > Ft

2.0

1.0 plastic < Ft

0.0
0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000
Axial Force (lb)

There are three portions of this stretch curve which must be considered:

1. During the initial loading from zero to the "transition load", Ft, the CT stretches at one
slope which includes some plastic deformation. The slope of this portion of the curve is
found in the "Plastic Stretch" table under "Stretch < Ft"

2. When the load becomes greater than Pt the slope of the stretch increases, with
increased plastic deformation. The slope of this portion of the curve is found in the
"Plastic Stretch" table under "Stretch >Ft"

1
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Depth Correction & Stuck Point

3. When the load is released at any point along the loading curve, the stretch decreases
along the elastic curve, which has less slope than either of the plastic curves. The
slope of this portion of the curve is found in the "Coiled Tubing Performance Data" table
under Elastic Stretch. When the load is fully released there is still some remaining
stretch or elongation in the CT. If a load is applied again it will follow the elastic curve.
When the CT is bent again on surface, some or all of this elongation will be removed.
The above discussion applies to compressive loads as well as tensile loads. Note that the
plastic stretch values depend upon the bending radius that the CT was last bent to on sur-
face. Usually this is the radius of the guide arch.

Example stretch calculation:

A 1,000 ft section of 1.5" diameter, 0.109" wall, 80,000 psi yield CT has been bent
around a 48" radius and straightened. (Note that these are the values used to create
the above figure). From the Plastic Stretch table and Coiled Tubing Performance Data
table obtain the following values:
• Transition load (Ft) 21,551 lb
• Elastic Stretch 0.0778 ft/1,000 ft per 1,000 lb
• Plastic Stretch <Ft 0.1298 ft/1,000 ft per 1,000 lb
• Plastic Stretch >Ft 0.1940 ft/1,000 ft per 1,000 lb

Each of the following is a stretch calculation based upon these values. Note that this
sequence of loads must be applied in this order, as some of the stretch calculations
depend on previous load steps. Also note that this exact sequence can be done in
compression, in which case all of the load and stretch numbers would be negative.
1. An axial load (Fa) of 10,000 lb is applied to this 1,000 ft section of CT. Since Fa is
less than Pt, only the 0.1298 stretch factor is needed. The stretch is this value multi-
plied by 10 (for 10 thousand lbs) which gives a stretch of 1.298 ft
2. The above axial load is released, so Fa=0. When the load is released the CT short-
ens elastically. The elastic stretch factor multiplied by 10 is 0.778 ft. The remaining
stretch (or elongation) once the load is released is 1.298-0.778 = 0.542 ft.
3. A load of 10,000 lb is applied again. The CT stretches elastically to 1.298 ft again.
4. The load is increased to 25,000 lbs. Until the transition load the stretch is 0.1298
multiplied by 21.551 (the transition load is 21.551 thousand lb) which gives a stretch at
the transition load of 2.797 ft. The remaining load (25,000 - 21,551 = 3,449lb) causes
stretching to occur at the 0.194 rate for an additional stretch of 0.669 ft. The total
stretch is 2.797 + 0.669 = 3.466 ft.
5. The load is released. The elastic shortening is 0.0778 * 25 = 1.945 ft. The remaining
elongation once the load is released is 3.466-1.945 = 1.521 ft
Elongation due to Temperature. The elongation due to temperature is simply the
change in temperature multiplied by an expansion coefficient. The expansion coefficients
are:

• For degrees Fahrenheit the expansion coefficient is 6.5 X 10-6

• For degrees Centigrade the expansion coefficient is 3.61 X 10-6

Example Thermal Elongation Calculation

A 1,000 ft. section of CT is 100°F at surface and 350°F downhole. The change in tem-
perature is 250°F. The elongation is 250 X 6.5 X 10-6 X 1,000 = 1.625 ft.

2
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Elongation due to Pressure Differential. Changes in internal and external pressure

cause changes in the axial force in the CT. The axial force used to calculate the axial stretch
of the CT must take these pressures into account. When they are accounted for correctly in
the axial force calculation, the stretch due to the pressure differential is already included in
the stretch calculation for axial force discussed previously.

There is another elongation effect caused by pressure, known as the Poisson effect. How-
ever, this effect is very small, and can be neglected.

Shortening due to Helical Buckling. Sometimes when CT is in compression it “buck-

les” into a helical shape in the hole. Though the CT itself does not change length, the length
it occupies in the well is shorter when it is in a helical shape. This apparent shortening of the
CT affects the depth of the end of the CT.

Helical buckling of the CT is quite complicated. The “Period and Shortening Due to Helical
Buckling” table is only for a hole that is horizontal with no curvature. The Helical Buckling
Load (HBL) values are the compressive “effective axial forces” at which the CT will buckle
into a helix ignoring friction affects. The effective axial force is different from the real axial
force in that it does not include the effects of pressure. Given the real axial force and the
internal and external pressures, the effective axial force can be calculated using the equa-
tion given later under equations.
The HBL depends upon the buoyant weight of the CT, which in turn depends on the density
of the fluids inside and outside the CT. Two values are given in the attached table for the
HBL. The first (air) assumes that the fluids inside and outside the CT have negligible den-
sity. The second (water) assumes that a salt water with a density of 8.6 lb/gal is inside and
outside the CT.

Example Shortening due to Helical Bucking Calculation

A 1,000 ft long section of 1.5” diameter, 0.109” wall is in a horizontal wellbore with a 4”
ID which is filled with saltwater. There is an effective compressive axial load of 5,000 lb
in the CT section, which is greater than the HBL of 1,083 lb from the table. Thus the
CT is buckled into a helix with a period of 18.5 ft. The length change of 0.624 means
that the shortening due to the helical buckling is 0.624 ft for this 1,000 ft section.

Stuck Point Calculation. When CT becomes stuck in a well it may be desirable to

determine at what depth the CT is stuck, known as the stuck point. To calculate the stuck
point the operator must follow this procedure:

1. Pull on the CT to the maximum “weight” the operator is allowed to pull which is typi-
cally 80% of the yield load.
2. Release to some lower weight at which the CT is still in tension all the way to the
stuck point. The change in depth as the weight is slacked off from the maximum weight
to the lower weight must be accurately measured. This change in depth (or length) will
be called ∆sp.

It is important that the testing be done in this way because it causes ∆sp to occur in the elas-
tic range of the CT. The change in weight and ∆sp can now be used to back calculate the
length of CT, which corresponds to the depth of the stuck point. This calculation procedure
only works for vertical wells and non-tapered CT strings. For more complicated well and CT
geometry’s, a computer model must be used.

Example Stuck Point Calculation

1.5” diameter, 0.109” wall CT is stuck in a vertical well. The operator pulls to weight of
30,000 lb and then slacks-off to a weight of 20,000 lb, causing a change in axial load of
10,000 lb. The δsp is measured to be 4.12 ft.

3
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Depth Correction & Stuck Point

The elastic stretch coefficient for this CT, discussed in the axial load example above, is
0.0777 ft/1,000 ft per 1,000 lb of load. In this calculation the change in load is 10,000
lb, so the elastic stretch is 0.777 ft/1,000 ft. Dividing δsp by 0.777 yields 5.302. Thus
the stuck point is calculated to be at a depth of 5,302 ft.
Equations
The effective axial force is calculated from the real axial force with the following equation:

Fe = Fa − Pi A i + Po A o
The plastic stretch coefficients are calculated using the following equations developed by K.
Newman of CTES, L.C. The radius at which yielding begins when the CT is bent is:

R bσ y
ry =
E

Three geometric values required to calculate the area of yielding are:

αr  αr 
θ o = arcsin  y  θ i = arcsin  y 
 ro   ri 

∆ = ro2 θ o − ri2 θ i + ro ri sin(θ i − θ o )

The transition load defined in reference 1 is calculated using a = 1.0:

Ft = σ y ( 12 A + ∆ )

The elastic stretch is:

Fa L
δ af =
AE
a varies between 1 and 2. For this handbook a=1.5 was used for the following equations.

The plastic stretch for axial loads less than the transition load is:

Fa L
δ af =
( A2 + ∆ ) E

4
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Depth Correction & Stuck Point

For axial loads above the transition load the plastic stretch is:

δ af =
Ft L
+
( Fa − Ft ) L
( A2 + ∆ ) E ( A2 − ∆ ) E
The plastic stretch values in the table use an axial force of 1,000 lb or 1,000 kg and a length
of 1,000 ft. or 1,000 meters.

The helical buckling load for CT in a horizontal hole without friction is:

2 EIWb
HBL = −2
rc

The period of the helix is:

2EI
λ = 2π
Fe

The change in length due to the helix is:

  2π r  2 
δ hb = − L   c
+ −
 1 1
  λ  

5
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Nomenclature
AI = cross sectional area of the inside of the CT
Ao = cross sectional area of the outside of the CT
A = cross sectional area of the CT wall = Ao - AI
E = modulus of elasticity - 27 x 106 psi used for tables
Fe = effective axial force
Fa = real axial force
Ft = transition load
I = CT moment of inertia = π(ro4 - ri4)/4
L = length of the CT section
PI = internal pressure
Po = external pressure
rI = internal radius of the CT
ro = external radius of the CT
rc = radial clearance between wellbore and CT
Rb = radius of bending at surface, typically the guide arch radius
t = wall thickness of the CT = ro-rI
δaf = stretch due to axial force
δsp = stretch used for stuck point calculation
δhb = change in length due to the helical shape when CT is buckled
∆ = geometric area
σy = yield stress of the CT
θi = geometric angle
θo = geometric angle
λ = period of helix
ν = Poisson’s ratio (0.3 for steel)
ζ = Ration of outside diameter divided by wall thickness

References
Newman, K., Sathuvalli, U., Wolhart, S.: “Elongation of Coiled Tubing During its Life,” SPE
38408, SPE/ICoTA North American Coiled Tubing Roundtable, April 1-3, 1997

6
 Plastic Stretch
Grade 70

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

1.000 25.400 0.087 2.210 36 1.42 9,879 4,481 0.2477 0.0755 0.3703 0.1129
1.000 25.400 0.095 2.413 36 1.42 10,704 4,855 0.2285 0.0696 0.3429 0.1045
1.000 25.400 0.102 2.591 36 1.42 11,414 5,177 0.2142 0.0653 0.3225 0.0983
1.000 25.400 0.109 2.769 36 1.42 12,114 5,495 0.2017 0.0615 0.3048 0.0929

1.000 25.400 0.087 2.210 48 1.89 10,269 4,658 0.2341 0.0713 0.4057 0.1236
1.000 25.400 0.095 2.413 48 1.89 11,130 5,049 0.2158 0.0658 0.3761 0.1146
7

1.000 25.400 0.102 2.591 48 1.89 11,872 5,385 0.2022 0.0616 0.3541 0.1079
1.000 25.400 0.109 2.769 48 1.89 12,604 5,717 0.1904 0.0580 0.3351 0.1021

1.000 25.400 0.087 2.210 72 2.83 11,077 5,024 0.2089 0.0637 0.5125 0.1562
1.000 25.400 0.095 2.413 72 2.83 12,014 5,449 0.1924 0.0586 0.4772 0.1455
1.000 25.400 0.102 2.591 72 2.83 12,822 5,816 0.1801 0.0549 0.4511 0.1375
1.000 25.400 0.109 2.769 72 2.83 13,620 6,178 0.1694 0.0516 0.4286 0.1306

1.250 31.750 0.095 2.413 48 1.89 13,733 6,229 0.1777 0.0541 0.2719 0.0829
1.250 31.750 0.109 2.769 48 1.89 15,590 7,071 0.1564 0.0477 0.2407 0.0734
1.250 31.750 0.118 2.997 48 1.89 16,760 7,602 0.1454 0.0443 0.2246 0.0684

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

1.250 31.750 0.134 3.404 48 1.89 18,798 8,527 0.1295 0.0395 0.2014 0.0614

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

1.250 31.750 0.156 3.962 48 1.89 21,508 9,756 0.1131 0.0345 0.1775 0.0541

1.250 31.750 0.095 2.413 72 2.83 14,593 6,619 0.1625 0.0495 0.3171 0.0967
1.250 31.750 0.109 2.769 72 2.83 16,578 7,520 0.1429 0.0436 0.2816 0.0858
1.250 31.750 0.118 2.997 72 2.83 17,831 8,088 0.1328 0.0405 0.2633 0.0803
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Grade 70

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

1.250 31.750 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 20,015 9,079 0.1181 0.0360 0.2371 0.0723
1.250 31.750 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 22,928 10,400 0.1029 0.0314 0.2101 0.0641

1.250 31.750 0.095 2.413 100 3.94 15,642 7,095 0.1461 0.0445 0.4061 0.1238
1.250 31.750 0.109 2.769 100 3.94 17,784 8,067 0.1282 0.0391 0.3634 0.1108
1.250 31.750 0.118 2.997 100 3.94 19,139 8,681 0.1190 0.0363 0.3416 0.1041
1.250 31.750 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 21,505 9,755 0.1056 0.0322 0.3106 0.0947
1.250 31.750 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 24,671 11,191 0.0917 0.0280 0.2796 0.0852

1.500 38.100 0.095 2.413 48 1.89 16,340 7,412 0.1508 0.0460 0.2131 0.0650
8

1.500 38.100 0.109 2.769 48 1.89 18,581 8,428 0.1326 0.0404 0.1880 0.0573
1.500 38.100 0.118 2.997 48 1.89 19,998 9,071 0.1231 0.0375 0.1751 0.0534
1.500 38.100 0.134 3.404 48 1.89 22,475 10,194 0.1095 0.0334 0.1564 0.0477
1.500 38.100 0.156 3.962 48 1.89 25,788 11,697 0.0954 0.0291 0.1370 0.0418

1.500 38.100 0.095 2.413 72 2.83 17,189 7,797 0.1401 0.0427 0.2391 0.0729
1.500 38.100 0.109 2.769 72 2.83 19,556 8,870 0.1230 0.0375 0.2112 0.0644
1.500 38.100 0.118 2.997 72 2.83 21,054 9,550 0.1142 0.0348 0.1969 0.0600
1.500 38.100 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 23,674 10,739 0.1015 0.0309 0.1762 0.0537
1.500 38.100 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 27,186 12,331 0.0883 0.0269 0.1548 0.0472

1.750 44.450 0.109 2.769 100 3.94 23,693 10,747 0.1003 0.0306 0.1923 0.0586
1.750 44.450 0.118 2.997 100 3.94 25,534 11,582 0.0930 0.0283 0.1791 0.0546
1.750 44.450 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 28,762 13,046 0.0825 0.0251 0.1601 0.0488
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)
Grade 70

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

1.750 44.450 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 33,110 15,019 0.0716 0.0218 0.1404 0.0428
1.750 44.450 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 36,781 16,684 0.0644 0.0196 0.1275 0.0389

1.750 44.450 0.109 2.769 120 4.72 24,538 11,130 0.0952 0.0290 0.2144 0.0654
1.750 44.450 0.118 2.997 120 4.72 26,449 11,997 0.0882 0.0269 0.2000 0.0610
1.750 44.450 0.134 3.404 120 4.72 29,803 13,518 0.0782 0.0238 0.1792 0.0546
1.750 44.450 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 34,324 15,569 0.0678 0.0207 0.1577 0.0481
9

1.750 44.450 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 38,146 17,303 0.0609 0.0186 0.1436 0.0438

2.000 50.800 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 31,020 14,070 0.0790 0.0241 0.1170 0.0357
2.000 50.800 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 35,736 16,210 0.0685 0.0209 0.1020 0.0311
2.000 50.800 0.175 4.445 72 2.83 39,723 18,018 0.0616 0.0188 0.0921 0.0281
2.000 50.800 0.188 4.775 72 2.83 42,406 19,235 0.0577 0.0176 0.0865 0.0264
2.000 50.800 0.203 5.156 72 2.83 45,455 20,618 0.0538 0.0164 0.0810 0.0247

2.000 50.800 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 32,423 14,707 0.0740 0.0226 0.1298 0.0396
2.000 50.800 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 37,371 16,951 0.0642 0.0196 0.1134 0.0346
2.000 50.800 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 41,559 18,851 0.0577 0.0176 0.1026 0.0313

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

2.000 50.800 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 44,379 20,130 0.0540 0.0164 0.0965 0.0294

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

2.000 50.800 0.203 5.156 100 3.94 47,587 21,585 0.0503 0.0153 0.0904 0.0276

2.375 60.325 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 36,537 16,573 0.0676 0.0206 0.0936 0.0285
2.375 60.325 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 42,159 19,123 0.0586 0.0179 0.0813 0.0248
2.375 60.325 0.175 4.445 72 2.83 46,929 21,287 0.0526 0.0160 0.0732 0.0223
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Grade 70

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

2.375 60.325 0.188 4.775 72 2.83 50,146 22,746 0.0492 0.0150 0.0687 0.0209

2.375 60.325 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 37,927 17,204 0.0641 0.0195 0.1014 0.0309
2.375 60.325 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 43,778 19,858 0.0555 0.0169 0.0882 0.0269
2.375 60.325 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 48,746 22,111 0.0498 0.0152 0.0795 0.0242
2.375 60.325 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 52,099 23,632 0.0466 0.0142 0.0746 0.0227

2.375 60.325 0.134 3.404 120 4.72 38,934 17,660 0.0617 0.0188 0.1081 0.0329
2.375 60.325 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 44,950 20,389 0.0534 0.0163 0.0941 0.0287
2.375 60.325 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 50,061 22,708 0.0479 0.0146 0.0849 0.0259
10

2.375 60.325 0.188 4.775 120 4.72 53,513 24,273 0.0448 0.0136 0.0797 0.0243

2.625 66.675 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 48,056 21,798 0.0508 0.0155 0.0769 0.0234
2.625 66.675 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 53,544 24,287 0.0456 0.0139 0.0692 0.0211
2.625 66.675 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 57,253 25,970 0.0426 0.0130 0.0649 0.0198
2.625 66.675 0.203 5.156 100 3.94 61,488 27,891 0.0397 0.0121 0.0606 0.0185

2.625 66.675 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 49,220 22,326 0.0491 0.0150 0.0813 0.0248
2.625 66.675 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 54,851 24,880 0.0440 0.0134 0.0732 0.0223
2.625 66.675 0.188 4.775 120 4.72 58,658 26,607 0.0412 0.0125 0.0686 0.0209
2.625 66.675 0.203 5.156 120 4.72 63,004 28,579 0.0383 0.0117 0.0641 0.0195

2.625 66.675 0.156 3.962 150 5.91 50,992 23,130 0.0466 0.0142 0.0892 0.0272
2.625 66.675 0.175 4.445 150 5.91 56,840 25,782 0.0418 0.0127 0.0804 0.0245
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)
Grade 70

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

2.625 66.675 0.188 4.775 150 5.91 60,796 27,577 0.0390 0.0119 0.0755 0.0230
2.625 66.675 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 65,315 29,627 0.0363 0.0111 0.0705 0.0215

2.875 73.025 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 52,337 23,740 0.0469 0.0143 0.0682 0.0208
2.875 73.025 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 58,346 26,465 0.0421 0.0128 0.0613 0.0187
2.875 73.025 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 62,412 28,310 0.0393 0.0120 0.0574 0.0175
2.875 73.025 0.203 5.156 100 3.94 67,057 30,417 0.0366 0.0112 0.0535 0.0163
11

2.875 73.025 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 53,495 24,265 0.0454 0.0139 0.0715 0.0218
2.875 73.025 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 59,646 27,055 0.0407 0.0124 0.0644 0.0196
2.875 73.025 0.188 4.775 120 4.72 63,809 28,943 0.0381 0.0116 0.0603 0.0184
2.875 73.025 0.203 5.156 120 4.72 68,566 31,101 0.0354 0.0108 0.0562 0.0171

2.875 73.025 0.156 3.962 150 5.91 55,253 25,063 0.0433 0.0132 0.0775 0.0236
2.875 73.025 0.175 4.445 150 5.91 61,619 27,950 0.0388 0.0118 0.0697 0.0213
2.875 73.025 0.188 4.775 150 5.91 65,930 29,906 0.0363 0.0111 0.0654 0.0199
2.875 73.025 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 70,857 32,141 0.0338 0.0103 0.0610 0.0186

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

3.500 88.900 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 71,648 32,499 0.0343 0.0105 0.0495 0.0151

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

3.500 88.900 0.203 5.156 120 4.72 82,488 37,416 0.0298 0.0091 0.0431 0.0131
3.500 88.900 0.224 5.690 120 4.72 90,505 41,053 0.0271 0.0083 0.0394 0.0120
3.500 88.900 0.236 5.994 120 4.72 95,042 43,111 0.0258 0.0079 0.0375 0.0114

3.500 88.900 0.175 4.445 150 5.91 73,598 33,384 0.0330 0.0101 0.0525 0.0160
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Grade 70

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

3.500 88.900 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 84,750 38,442 0.0286 0.0087 0.0458 0.0139
3.500 88.900 0.224 5.690 150 5.91 93,002 42,185 0.0261 0.0079 0.0418 0.0127
3.500 88.900 0.236 5.994 150 5.91 97,674 44,305 0.0248 0.0076 0.0399 0.0122

4.500 114.300 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 107,027 48,547 0.0230 0.0070 0.0328 0.0100
4.500 114.300 0.250 6.350 150 5.91 130,517 59,202 0.0189 0.0057 0.0270 0.0082
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
12
 Plastic Stretch
Grade 80

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

1.000 25.400 0.087 2.210 36 1.42 11,480 5,207 0.2417 0.0737 0.3845 0.1172
1.000 25.400 0.095 2.413 36 1.42 12,441 5,643 0.2229 0.0679 0.3562 0.1086
1.000 25.400 0.102 2.591 36 1.42 13,268 6,018 0.2089 0.0637 0.3352 0.1022
1.000 25.400 0.109 2.769 36 1.42 14,083 6,388 0.1967 0.0600 0.3169 0.0966

1.000 25.400 0.087 2.210 48 1.89 11,995 5,441 0.2266 0.0691 0.4300 0.1311
1.000 25.400 0.095 2.413 48 1.89 13,003 5,898 0.2089 0.0637 0.3990 0.1216
1.000 25.400 0.102 2.591 48 1.89 13,873 6,293 0.1957 0.0596 0.3760 0.1146
1.000 25.400 0.109 2.769 48 1.89 14,730 6,681 0.1842 0.0561 0.3561 0.1085
13

1.000 25.400 0.087 2.210 72 2.83 13,073 5,930 0.1985 0.0605 0.5883 0.1793
1.000 25.400 0.095 2.413 72 2.83 14,183 6,433 0.1827 0.0557 0.5499 0.1676
1.000 25.400 0.102 2.591 72 2.83 15,141 6,868 0.1709 0.0521 0.5217 0.1590
1.000 25.400 0.109 2.769 72 2.83 16,087 7,297 0.1606 0.0489 0.4975 0.1516

1.250 31.750 0.095 2.413 48 1.89 15,973 7,245 0.1732 0.0528 0.2831 0.0863
1.250 31.750 0.109 2.769 48 1.89 18,136 8,226 0.1524 0.0464 0.2508 0.0764
1.250 31.750 0.118 2.997 48 1.89 19,500 8,845 0.1417 0.0432 0.2341 0.0714
1.250 31.750 0.134 3.404 48 1.89 21,876 9,923 0.1261 0.0384 0.2102 0.0641
1.250 31.750 0.156 3.962 48 1.89 25,038 11,357 0.1101 0.0335 0.1855 0.0565

1.250 31.750 0.095 2.413 72 2.83 17,110 7,761 0.1564 0.0477 0.3433 0.1046
1.250 31.750 0.109 2.769 72 2.83 19,443 8,819 0.1374 0.0419 0.3055 0.0931

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

1.250 31.750 0.118 2.997 72 2.83 20,917 9,488 0.1276 0.0389 0.2860 0.0872

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

1.250 31.750 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 23,488 10,654 0.1135 0.0346 0.2582 0.0787
1.250 31.750 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 26,920 12,211 0.0988 0.0301 0.2298 0.0700

1.250 31.750 0.095 2.413 100 3.94 18,520 8,401 0.1377 0.0420 0.4888 0.1490
1.250 31.750 0.109 2.769 100 3.94 21,066 9,555 0.1207 0.0368 0.4415 0.1345
1.250 31.750 0.118 2.997 100 3.94 22,678 10,287 0.1119 0.0341 0.4177 0.1273
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Grade 80

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

1.250 31.750 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 25,496 11,565 0.0991 0.0302 0.3850 0.1173
1.250 31.750 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 29,275 13,279 0.0858 0.0261 0.3549 0.1082

1.500 38.100 0.095 2.413 48 1.89 18,950 8,596 0.1476 0.0450 0.2198 0.0670
1.500 38.100 0.109 2.769 48 1.89 21,551 9,776 0.1298 0.0395 0.1940 0.0591
1.500 38.100 0.118 2.997 48 1.89 23,197 10,522 0.1205 0.0367 0.1807 0.0551
1.500 38.100 0.134 3.404 48 1.89 26,074 11,827 0.1071 0.0327 0.1615 0.0492
1.500 38.100 0.156 3.962 48 1.89 29,924 13,574 0.0933 0.0284 0.1416 0.0432

1.500 38.100 0.095 2.413 72 2.83 20,068 9,103 0.1358 0.0414 0.2528 0.0770
1.500 38.100 0.109 2.769 72 2.83 22,835 10,358 0.1192 0.0363 0.2236 0.0681
1.500 38.100 0.118 2.997 72 2.83 24,588 11,153 0.1107 0.0337 0.2085 0.0636
14

1.500 38.100 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 27,655 12,544 0.0983 0.0300 0.1868 0.0569
1.500 38.100 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 31,767 14,409 0.0854 0.0260 0.1645 0.0501

1.750 44.450 0.109 2.769 100 3.94 27,765 12,594 0.0966 0.0294 0.2074 0.0632
1.750 44.450 0.118 2.997 100 3.94 29,926 13,574 0.0896 0.0273 0.1934 0.0589
1.750 44.450 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 33,717 15,294 0.0794 0.0242 0.1731 0.0528
1.750 44.450 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 38,828 17,612 0.0689 0.0210 0.1522 0.0464
1.750 44.450 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 43,145 19,570 0.0619 0.0189 0.1385 0.0422

1.750 44.450 0.109 2.769 120 4.72 28,892 13,105 0.0909 0.0277 0.2400 0.0732
1.750 44.450 0.118 2.997 120 4.72 31,147 14,128 0.0842 0.0257 0.2242 0.0683
1.750 44.450 0.134 3.404 120 4.72 35,108 15,925 0.0746 0.0227 0.2014 0.0614
1.750 44.450 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 40,451 18,348 0.0646 0.0197 0.1781 0.0543
1.750 44.450 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 44,971 20,399 0.0580 0.0177 0.1629 0.0496

2.000 50.800 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 36,036 16,346 0.0771 0.0235 0.1213 0.0370
2.000 50.800 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 41,523 18,835 0.0669 0.0204 0.1059 0.0323
2.000 50.800 0.175 4.445 72 2.83 46,164 20,940 0.0601 0.0183 0.0956 0.0292
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)
Grade 80

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

2.000 50.800 0.188 4.775 72 2.83 49,287 22,356 0.0563 0.0172 0.0899 0.0274
2.000 50.800 0.203 5.156 72 2.83 52,838 23,967 0.0525 0.0160 0.0841 0.0256

2.000 50.800 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 37,887 17,185 0.0716 0.0218 0.1379 0.0420
2.000 50.800 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 43,679 19,813 0.0621 0.0189 0.1206 0.0368
2.000 50.800 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 48,585 22,038 0.0558 0.0170 0.1092 0.0333
2.000 50.800 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 51,890 23,537 0.0522 0.0159 0.1028 0.0313
2.000 50.800 0.203 5.156 100 3.94 55,651 25,243 0.0486 0.0148 0.0964 0.0294
15

2.375 60.325 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 42,338 19,204 0.0663 0.0202 0.0963 0.0293
2.375 60.325 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 48,859 22,162 0.0574 0.0175 0.0837 0.0255
2.375 60.325 0.175 4.445 72 2.83 54,392 24,672 0.0516 0.0157 0.0754 0.0230
2.375 60.325 0.188 4.775 72 2.83 58,126 26,366 0.0482 0.0147 0.0707 0.0216

2.375 60.325 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 44,165 20,033 0.0623 0.0190 0.1061 0.0323
2.375 60.325 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 50,987 23,128 0.0540 0.0164 0.0923 0.0281
2.375 60.325 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 56,781 25,756 0.0484 0.0148 0.0833 0.0254
2.375 60.325 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 60,694 27,530 0.0453 0.0138 0.0782 0.0238

2.375 60.325 0.134 3.404 120 4.72 45,494 20,636 0.0597 0.0182 0.1148 0.0350
2.375 60.325 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 52,535 23,830 0.0516 0.0157 0.1001 0.0305
2.375 60.325 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 58,519 26,544 0.0463 0.0141 0.0904 0.0275
2.375 60.325 0.188 4.775 120 4.72 62,562 28,378 0.0433 0.0132 0.0849 0.0259

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
2.625 66.675 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 55,870 25,342 0.0496 0.0151 0.0800 0.0244
2.625 66.675 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 62,258 28,240 0.0445 0.0136 0.0720 0.0220
2.625 66.675 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 66,577 30,199 0.0416 0.0127 0.0675 0.0206
2.625 66.675 0.203 5.156 100 3.94 71,508 32,436 0.0387 0.0118 0.0630 0.0192

2.625 66.675 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 57,404 26,038 0.0477 0.0145 0.0856 0.0261
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Grade 80

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

2.625 66.675 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 63,980 29,021 0.0427 0.0130 0.0771 0.0235
2.625 66.675 0.188 4.775 120 4.72 68,428 31,039 0.0399 0.0122 0.0723 0.0220
2.625 66.675 0.203 5.156 120 4.72 73,507 33,343 0.0372 0.0113 0.0676 0.0206

2.625 66.675 0.156 3.962 150 5.91 59,750 27,103 0.0449 0.0137 0.0961 0.0293
2.625 66.675 0.175 4.445 150 5.91 66,615 30,216 0.0402 0.0123 0.0868 0.0265
2.625 66.675 0.188 4.775 150 5.91 71,260 32,324 0.0376 0.0115 0.0815 0.0248
2.625 66.675 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 76,568 34,731 0.0350 0.0107 0.0763 0.0233

2.875 73.025 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 60,758 27,559 0.0459 0.0140 0.0705 0.0215
2.875 73.025 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 67,741 30,727 0.0411 0.0125 0.0635 0.0193
2.875 73.025 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 72,467 32,871 0.0384 0.0117 0.0594 0.0181
16

2.875 73.025 0.203 5.156 100 3.94 77,867 35,320 0.0358 0.0109 0.0554 0.0169

2.875 73.025 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 62,281 28,251 0.0442 0.0135 0.0748 0.0228
2.875 73.025 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 69,451 31,503 0.0396 0.0121 0.0673 0.0205
2.875 73.025 0.188 4.775 120 4.72 74,305 33,704 0.0370 0.0113 0.0631 0.0192
2.875 73.025 0.203 5.156 120 4.72 79,852 36,221 0.0345 0.0105 0.0589 0.0179

2.875 73.025 0.156 3.962 150 5.91 64,604 29,304 0.0419 0.0128 0.0825 0.0252
2.875 73.025 0.175 4.445 150 5.91 72,058 32,685 0.0376 0.0114 0.0744 0.0227
2.875 73.025 0.188 4.775 150 5.91 77,107 34,975 0.0351 0.0107 0.0697 0.0213
2.875 73.025 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 82,880 37,594 0.0326 0.0099 0.0651 0.0199

3.500 88.900 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 83,154 37,718 0.0335 0.0102 0.0512 0.0156
3.500 88.900 0.203 5.156 120 4.72 95,746 43,430 0.0291 0.0089 0.0446 0.0136
3.500 88.900 0.224 5.690 120 4.72 105,061 47,655 0.0265 0.0081 0.0407 0.0124
3.500 88.900 0.236 5.994 120 4.72 110,334 50,047 0.0253 0.0077 0.0388 0.0118

3.500 88.900 0.175 4.445 150 5.91 85,719 38,882 0.0321 0.0098 0.0550 0.0168
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)
Grade 80

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

3.500 88.900 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 98,723 44,780 0.0278 0.0085 0.0479 0.0146
3.500 88.900 0.224 5.690 150 5.91 108,347 49,146 0.0254 0.0077 0.0438 0.0134
3.500 88.900 0.236 5.994 150 5.91 113,797 51,618 0.0241 0.0074 0.0418 0.0127

4.500 114.300 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 124,156 56,317 0.0225 0.0069 0.0338 0.0103
4.500 114.300 0.250 6.350 150 5.91 151,428 68,687 0.0184 0.0056 0.0278 0.0085
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
17

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
 Plastic Stretch

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Grade 90

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

1.000 25.400 0.087 2.210 36 1.42 13,131 5,956 0.2359 0.0719 0.4001 0.1219
1.000 25.400 0.095 2.413 36 1.42 14,232 6,455 0.2176 0.0663 0.3709 0.1130
1.000 25.400 0.102 2.591 36 1.42 15,180 6,885 0.2039 0.0621 0.3491 0.1064
1.000 25.400 0.109 2.769 36 1.42 16,114 7,309 0.1919 0.0585 0.3303 0.1007

1.000 25.400 0.087 2.210 48 1.89 13,790 6,255 0.2195 0.0669 0.4586 0.1398
1.000 25.400 0.095 2.413 48 1.89 14,952 6,782 0.2022 0.0616 0.4260 0.1298
1.000 25.400 0.102 2.591 48 1.89 15,954 7,237 0.1894 0.0577 0.4018 0.1225
1.000 25.400 0.109 2.769 48 1.89 16,942 7,685 0.1782 0.0543 0.3809 0.1161
18

1.000 25.400 0.087 2.210 72 2.83 15,189 6,890 0.1878 0.0572 0.7077 0.2157
1.000 25.400 0.095 2.413 72 2.83 16,484 7,477 0.1726 0.0526 0.6665 0.2031
1.000 25.400 0.102 2.591 72 2.83 17,603 7,984 0.1613 0.0492 0.6369 0.1941
1.000 25.400 0.109 2.769 72 2.83 18,708 8,486 0.1514 0.0461 0.6124 0.1867

1.250 31.750 0.095 2.413 48 1.89 18,285 8,294 0.1688 0.0515 0.2955 0.0901
1.250 31.750 0.109 2.769 48 1.89 20,765 9,419 0.1485 0.0453 0.2620 0.0799
1.250 31.750 0.118 2.997 48 1.89 22,330 10,129 0.1380 0.0421 0.2448 0.0746
1.250 31.750 0.134 3.404 48 1.89 25,056 11,365 0.1229 0.0374 0.2200 0.0670
1.250 31.750 0.156 3.962 48 1.89 28,688 13,013 0.1071 0.0327 0.1944 0.0593

1.250 31.750 0.095 2.413 72 2.83 19,745 8,956 0.1504 0.0458 0.3762 0.1147
1.250 31.750 0.109 2.769 72 2.83 22,444 10,181 0.1321 0.0403 0.3357 0.1023
1.250 31.750 0.118 2.997 72 2.83 24,150 10,955 0.1226 0.0374 0.3149 0.0960
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)
Grade 90

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

1.250 31.750 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 27,129 12,306 0.1089 0.0332 0.2853 0.0870
1.250 31.750 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 31,110 14,111 0.0947 0.0289 0.2553 0.0778

1.250 31.750 0.095 2.413 100 3.94 21,592 9,794 0.1286 0.0392 0.6521 0.1988
1.250 31.750 0.109 2.769 100 3.94 24,573 11,146 0.1124 0.0343 0.6058 0.1846
1.250 31.750 0.118 2.997 100 3.94 26,463 12,004 0.1039 0.0317 0.5871 0.1789
1.250 31.750 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 29,772 13,504 0.0920 0.0280 0.5508 0.1679
19

1.250 31.750 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 34,217 15,521 0.0804 0.0245 0.4906 0.1495

1.500 38.100 0.095 2.413 48 1.89 21,630 9,811 0.1446 0.0441 0.2271 0.0692
1.500 38.100 0.109 2.769 48 1.89 24,602 11,160 0.1270 0.0387 0.2005 0.0611
1.500 38.100 0.118 2.997 48 1.89 26,484 12,013 0.1179 0.0359 0.1868 0.0569
1.500 38.100 0.134 3.404 48 1.89 29,773 13,505 0.1048 0.0320 0.1670 0.0509
1.500 38.100 0.156 3.962 48 1.89 34,178 15,503 0.0912 0.0278 0.1465 0.0447

1.500 38.100 0.095 2.413 72 2.83 23,058 10,459 0.1316 0.0401 0.2687 0.0819
1.500 38.100 0.109 2.769 72 2.83 26,243 11,904 0.1155 0.0352 0.2380 0.0725
1.500 38.100 0.118 2.997 72 2.83 28,261 12,819 0.1072 0.0327 0.2221 0.0677

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

1.500 38.100 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 31,794 14,422 0.0952 0.0290 0.1993 0.0607

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

1.500 38.100 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 36,534 16,572 0.0827 0.0252 0.1758 0.0536

1.750 44.450 0.109 2.769 100 3.94 32,023 14,525 0.0930 0.0283 0.2263 0.0690
1.750 44.450 0.118 2.997 100 3.94 34,520 15,658 0.0862 0.0263 0.2111 0.0644
1.750 44.450 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 38,903 17,646 0.0764 0.0233 0.1894 0.0577
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Grade 90

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

1.750 44.450 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 44,814 20,328 0.0662 0.0202 0.1670 0.0509
1.750 44.450 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 49,813 22,595 0.0595 0.0181 0.1524 0.0464

1.750 44.450 0.109 2.769 120 4.72 33,487 15,190 0.0866 0.0264 0.2762 0.0842
1.750 44.450 0.118 2.997 120 4.72 36,107 16,378 0.0802 0.0244 0.2587 0.0788
1.750 44.450 0.134 3.404 120 4.72 40,711 18,466 0.0710 0.0216 0.2336 0.0712
1.750 44.450 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 46,928 21,286 0.0614 0.0187 0.2080 0.0634
1.750 44.450 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 52,193 23,674 0.0551 0.0168 0.1917 0.0584

2.000 50.800 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 41,204 18,690 0.0753 0.0230 0.1261 0.0384
20

2.000 50.800 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 47,486 21,539 0.0653 0.0199 0.1101 0.0336
2.000 50.800 0.175 4.445 72 2.83 52,801 23,951 0.0587 0.0179 0.0995 0.0303
2.000 50.800 0.188 4.775 72 2.83 56,380 25,574 0.0549 0.0167 0.0936 0.0285
2.000 50.800 0.203 5.156 72 2.83 60,450 27,420 0.0512 0.0156 0.0876 0.0267

2.000 50.800 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 43,572 19,764 0.0693 0.0211 0.1474 0.0449
2.000 50.800 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 50,246 22,792 0.0600 0.0183 0.1291 0.0393
2.000 50.800 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 55,902 25,357 0.0539 0.0164 0.1171 0.0357
2.000 50.800 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 59,714 27,086 0.0504 0.0154 0.1103 0.0336
2.000 50.800 0.203 5.156 100 3.94 64,054 29,055 0.0470 0.0143 0.1036 0.0316

2.375 60.325 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 48,287 21,903 0.0650 0.0198 0.0992 0.0302
2.375 60.325 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 55,731 25,279 0.0563 0.0172 0.0863 0.0263
2.375 60.325 0.175 4.445 72 2.83 62,050 28,146 0.0505 0.0154 0.0777 0.0237
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)
Grade 90

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

2.375 60.325 0.188 4.775 72 2.83 66,315 30,080 0.0473 0.0144 0.0729 0.0222

2.375 60.325 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 50,617 22,960 0.0607 0.0185 0.1113 0.0339
2.375 60.325 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 58,445 26,511 0.0525 0.0160 0.0970 0.0296
2.375 60.325 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 65,097 29,528 0.0471 0.0144 0.0876 0.0267
2.375 60.325 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 69,590 31,566 0.0440 0.0134 0.0822 0.0251
21

2.375 60.325 0.134 3.404 120 4.72 52,320 23,732 0.0577 0.0176 0.1227 0.0374
2.375 60.325 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 60,430 27,411 0.0499 0.0152 0.1071 0.0326
2.375 60.325 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 67,326 30,539 0.0448 0.0136 0.0968 0.0295
2.375 60.325 0.188 4.775 120 4.72 71,986 32,653 0.0419 0.0128 0.0910 0.0277

2.625 66.675 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 63,929 28,998 0.0484 0.0147 0.0833 0.0254
2.625 66.675 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 71,248 32,318 0.0434 0.0132 0.0751 0.0229
2.625 66.675 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 76,197 34,563 0.0405 0.0124 0.0704 0.0215
2.625 66.675 0.203 5.156 100 3.94 81,848 37,126 0.0377 0.0115 0.0658 0.0201

2.625 66.675 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 65,891 29,888 0.0463 0.0141 0.0904 0.0276

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

2.625 66.675 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 73,450 33,317 0.0415 0.0126 0.0816 0.0249

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

2.625 66.675 0.188 4.775 120 4.72 78,564 35,636 0.0388 0.0118 0.0766 0.0233
2.625 66.675 0.203 5.156 120 4.72 84,406 38,286 0.0361 0.0110 0.0716 0.0218

2.625 66.675 0.156 3.962 150 5.91 68,909 31,257 0.0432 0.0132 0.1048 0.0319
2.625 66.675 0.175 4.445 150 5.91 76,840 34,854 0.0387 0.0118 0.0948 0.0289
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Grade 90

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

2.625 66.675 0.188 4.775 150 5.91 82,209 37,290 0.0362 0.0110 0.0891 0.0272
2.625 66.675 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 88,346 40,073 0.0336 0.0103 0.0835 0.0254

2.875 73.025 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 69,422 31,489 0.0448 0.0137 0.0731 0.0223
2.875 73.025 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 77,408 35,112 0.0402 0.0123 0.0658 0.0201
2.875 73.025 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 82,814 37,564 0.0376 0.0114 0.0616 0.0188
2.875 73.025 0.203 5.156 100 3.94 88,993 40,367 0.0349 0.0106 0.0575 0.0175

2.875 73.025 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 71,366 32,371 0.0431 0.0131 0.0784 0.0239
2.875 73.025 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 79,591 36,102 0.0386 0.0118 0.0706 0.0215
22

2.875 73.025 0.188 4.775 120 4.72 85,160 38,628 0.0360 0.0110 0.0662 0.0202
2.875 73.025 0.203 5.156 120 4.72 91,527 41,517 0.0335 0.0102 0.0618 0.0188

2.875 73.025 0.156 3.962 150 5.91 74,344 33,722 0.0405 0.0123 0.0885 0.0270
2.875 73.025 0.175 4.445 150 5.91 82,934 37,619 0.0363 0.0111 0.0799 0.0243
2.875 73.025 0.188 4.775 150 5.91 88,754 40,259 0.0339 0.0103 0.0749 0.0228
2.875 73.025 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 95,411 43,278 0.0315 0.0096 0.0701 0.0214

3.500 88.900 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 94,986 43,085 0.0328 0.0100 0.0530 0.0161
3.500 88.900 0.203 5.156 120 4.72 109,383 49,616 0.0285 0.0087 0.0462 0.0141
3.500 88.900 0.224 5.690 120 4.72 120,036 54,448 0.0259 0.0079 0.0422 0.0129
3.500 88.900 0.236 5.994 120 4.72 126,067 57,184 0.0247 0.0075 0.0403 0.0123

3.500 88.900 0.175 4.445 150 5.91 98,259 44,570 0.0312 0.0095 0.0577 0.0176
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)
Grade 90

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

3.500 88.900 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 113,182 51,339 0.0271 0.0083 0.0504 0.0154
3.500 88.900 0.224 5.690 150 5.91 124,231 56,351 0.0247 0.0075 0.0461 0.0140
3.500 88.900 0.236 5.994 150 5.91 130,488 59,189 0.0235 0.0072 0.0440 0.0134

4.500 114.300 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 141,757 64,300 0.0220 0.0067 0.0350 0.0107
4.500 114.300 0.250 6.350 150 5.91 172,921 78,437 0.0180 0.0055 0.0288 0.0088
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
23

** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
 Plastic Stretch

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Grade 100

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

1.000 25.400 0.087 2.210 36 1.42 14,832 6,728 0.2303 0.0702 0.4174 0.1272
1.000 25.400 0.095 2.413 36 1.42 16,077 7,292 0.2123 0.0647 0.3871 0.1180
1.000 25.400 0.102 2.591 36 1.42 17,150 7,779 0.1989 0.0606 0.3647 0.1111
1.000 25.400 0.109 2.769 36 1.42 18,208 8,259 0.1872 0.0571 0.3452 0.1052

1.000 25.400 0.087 2.210 48 1.89 15,655 7,101 0.2124 0.0647 0.4927 0.1502
1.000 25.400 0.095 2.413 48 1.89 16,978 7,701 0.1957 0.0596 0.4584 0.1397
1.000 25.400 0.102 2.591 48 1.89 18,118 8,218 0.1832 0.0558 0.4329 0.1320
1.000 25.400 0.109 2.769 48 1.89 19,244 8,729 0.1723 0.0525 0.4109 0.1253
24

1.000 25.400 0.087 2.210 72 2.83 17,437 7,909 0.1760 0.0536 0.9475 0.2888
1.000 25.400 0.095 2.413 72 2.83 18,929 8,586 0.1613 0.0492 0.9156 0.2791
1.000 25.400 0.102 2.591 72 2.83 20,221 9,172 0.1504 0.0458 0.8930 0.2722
1.000 25.400 0.109 2.769 72 2.83 21,498 9,752 0.1416 0.0432 0.8500 0.2591

1.250 31.750 0.095 2.413 48 1.89 20,670 9,376 0.1646 0.0502 0.3095 0.0943
1.250 31.750 0.109 2.769 48 1.89 23,478 10,649 0.1447 0.0441 0.2747 0.0837
1.250 31.750 0.118 2.997 48 1.89 25,251 11,454 0.1345 0.0410 0.2568 0.0783
1.250 31.750 0.134 3.404 48 1.89 28,341 12,855 0.1197 0.0365 0.2310 0.0704
1.250 31.750 0.156 3.962 48 1.89 32,460 14,724 0.1043 0.0318 0.2045 0.0623

1.250 31.750 0.095 2.413 72 2.83 22,504 10,208 0.1444 0.0440 0.4195 0.1279
1.250 31.750 0.109 2.769 72 2.83 25,588 11,607 0.1268 0.0386 0.3759 0.1146
1.250 31.750 0.118 2.997 72 2.83 27,539 12,492 0.1176 0.0358 0.3536 0.1078
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)
Grade 100

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

1.250 31.750 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 30,947 14,038 0.1044 0.0318 0.3222 0.0982
1.250 31.750 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 35,509 16,107 0.0906 0.0276 0.2909 0.0887

1.250 31.750 0.095 2.413 100 3.94 24,882 11,287 0.1193 0.0363 1.0849 0.3307
1.250 31.750 0.109 2.769 100 3.94 28,335 12,853 0.1050 0.0320 0.9709 0.2959
1.250 31.750 0.118 2.997 100 3.94 30,527 13,847 0.0977 0.0298 0.9095 0.2772
1.250 31.750 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 34,371 15,590 0.0872 0.0266 0.8175 0.2492
25

1.250 31.750 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 39,550 17,940 0.0764 0.0233 0.7177 0.2187

1.500 38.100 0.095 2.413 48 1.89 24,381 11,059 0.1416 0.0431 0.2349 0.0716
1.500 38.100 0.109 2.769 48 1.89 27,736 12,581 0.1244 0.0379 0.2075 0.0632
1.500 38.100 0.118 2.997 48 1.89 29,860 13,544 0.1155 0.0352 0.1934 0.0589
1.500 38.100 0.134 3.404 48 1.89 33,573 15,229 0.1026 0.0313 0.1730 0.0527
1.500 38.100 0.156 3.962 48 1.89 38,548 17,485 0.0893 0.0272 0.1519 0.0463

1.500 38.100 0.095 2.413 72 2.83 26,164 11,868 0.1275 0.0389 0.2876 0.0877
1.500 38.100 0.109 2.769 72 2.83 29,783 13,510 0.1119 0.0341 0.2551 0.0777
1.500 38.100 0.118 2.997 72 2.83 32,078 14,551 0.1038 0.0316 0.2383 0.0726

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

1.500 38.100 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 36,097 16,373 0.0921 0.0281 0.2142 0.0653

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

1.500 38.100 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 41,493 18,821 0.0800 0.0244 0.1895 0.0578

1.750 44.450 0.109 2.769 100 3.94 36,475 16,545 0.0894 0.0273 0.2506 0.0764
1.750 44.450 0.118 2.997 100 3.94 39,325 17,838 0.0829 0.0253 0.2342 0.0714
1.750 44.450 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 44,329 20,108 0.0734 0.0224 0.2107 0.0642
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Grade 100

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

1.750 44.450 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 51,084 23,171 0.0636 0.0194 0.1866 0.0569
1.750 44.450 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 56,800 25,764 0.0570 0.0174 0.1710 0.0521

1.750 44.450 0.109 2.769 120 4.72 38,339 17,391 0.0821 0.0250 0.3338 0.1017
1.750 44.450 0.118 2.997 120 4.72 41,347 18,755 0.0760 0.0232 0.3142 0.0958
1.750 44.450 0.134 3.404 120 4.72 46,634 21,153 0.0672 0.0205 0.2867 0.0874
1.750 44.450 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 53,782 24,395 0.0580 0.0177 0.2596 0.0791
1.750 44.450 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 59,842 27,144 0.0519 0.0158 0.2436 0.0742

2.000 50.800 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 46,525 21,104 0.0735 0.0224 0.1314 0.0400
26

2.000 50.800 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 53,628 24,325 0.0637 0.0194 0.1148 0.0350
2.000 50.800 0.175 4.445 72 2.83 59,640 27,053 0.0573 0.0175 0.1038 0.0316
2.000 50.800 0.188 4.775 72 2.83 63,689 28,889 0.0536 0.0163 0.0977 0.0298
2.000 50.800 0.203 5.156 72 2.83 68,296 30,979 0.0500 0.0152 0.0915 0.0279

2.000 50.800 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 49,486 22,447 0.0671 0.0204 0.1588 0.0484
2.000 50.800 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 57,080 25,892 0.0580 0.0177 0.1394 0.0425
2.000 50.800 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 63,520 28,812 0.0521 0.0159 0.1267 0.0386
2.000 50.800 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 67,862 30,782 0.0487 0.0148 0.1195 0.0364
2.000 50.800 0.203 5.156 100 3.94 72,808 33,025 0.0454 0.0138 0.1124 0.0343

2.375 60.325 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 54,386 24,669 0.0637 0.0194 0.1023 0.0312
2.375 60.325 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 62,778 28,476 0.0552 0.0168 0.0890 0.0271
2.375 60.325 0.175 4.445 72 2.83 69,904 31,708 0.0495 0.0151 0.0803 0.0245
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)
Grade 100

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

2.375 60.325 0.188 4.775 72 2.83 74,714 33,890 0.0463 0.0141 0.0753 0.0230

2.375 60.325 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 57,287 25,985 0.0590 0.0180 0.1172 0.0357
2.375 60.325 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 66,158 30,009 0.0511 0.0156 0.1023 0.0312
2.375 60.325 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 73,699 33,430 0.0458 0.0140 0.0924 0.0282
2.375 60.325 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 78,794 35,741 0.0428 0.0130 0.0868 0.0265
27

2.375 60.325 0.134 3.404 120 4.72 59,419 26,952 0.0559 0.0170 0.1321 0.0403
2.375 60.325 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 68,645 31,137 0.0483 0.0147 0.1156 0.0352
2.375 60.325 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 76,492 34,697 0.0433 0.0132 0.1047 0.0319
2.375 60.325 0.188 4.775 120 4.72 81,798 37,103 0.0404 0.0123 0.0985 0.0300

2.625 66.675 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 72,239 32,767 0.0472 0.0144 0.0871 0.0265
2.625 66.675 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 80,518 36,523 0.0423 0.0129 0.0785 0.0239
2.625 66.675 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 86,118 39,063 0.0395 0.0121 0.0737 0.0225
2.625 66.675 0.203 5.156 100 3.94 92,515 41,964 0.0368 0.0112 0.0689 0.0210

2.625 66.675 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 74,688 33,878 0.0449 0.0137 0.0961 0.0293

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

2.625 66.675 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 83,269 37,770 0.0402 0.0123 0.0868 0.0265

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

2.625 66.675 0.188 4.775 120 4.72 89,075 40,404 0.0376 0.0115 0.0815 0.0248
2.625 66.675 0.203 5.156 120 4.72 95,711 43,414 0.0350 0.0107 0.0763 0.0233

2.625 66.675 0.156 3.962 150 5.91 78,484 35,600 0.0416 0.0127 0.1160 0.0353
2.625 66.675 0.175 4.445 150 5.91 87,534 39,705 0.0372 0.0114 0.1051 0.0320
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Grade 100

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

2.625 66.675 0.188 4.775 150 5.91 93,663 42,485 0.0348 0.0106 0.0990 0.0302
2.625 66.675 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 100,671 45,664 0.0323 0.0099 0.0929 0.0283

2.875 73.025 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 78,332 35,531 0.0438 0.0134 0.0759 0.0231
2.875 73.025 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 87,352 39,623 0.0393 0.0120 0.0684 0.0208
2.875 73.025 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 93,459 42,393 0.0367 0.0112 0.0641 0.0195
2.875 73.025 0.203 5.156 100 3.94 100,440 45,559 0.0341 0.0104 0.0598 0.0182

2.875 73.025 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 80,755 36,630 0.0419 0.0128 0.0825 0.0252
2.875 73.025 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 90,073 40,857 0.0376 0.0114 0.0744 0.0227
28

2.875 73.025 0.188 4.775 120 4.72 96,383 43,719 0.0351 0.0107 0.0697 0.0213
2.875 73.025 0.203 5.156 120 4.72 103,600 46,993 0.0326 0.0099 0.0651 0.0199

2.875 73.025 0.156 3.962 150 5.91 84,486 38,322 0.0391 0.0119 0.0959 0.0292
2.875 73.025 0.175 4.445 150 5.91 94,263 42,757 0.0350 0.0107 0.0866 0.0264
2.875 73.025 0.188 4.775 150 5.91 100,889 45,763 0.0327 0.0100 0.0813 0.0248
2.875 73.025 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 108,470 49,202 0.0304 0.0093 0.0761 0.0232

3.500 88.900 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 107,148 48,602 0.0321 0.0098 0.0550 0.0168
3.500 88.900 0.203 5.156 120 4.72 123,403 55,975 0.0278 0.0085 0.0479 0.0146
3.500 88.900 0.224 5.690 120 4.72 135,434 61,432 0.0254 0.0077 0.0438 0.0134
3.500 88.900 0.236 5.994 120 4.72 142,247 64,523 0.0241 0.0074 0.0418 0.0127

3.500 88.900 0.175 4.445 150 5.91 111,228 50,453 0.0304 0.0093 0.0609 0.0186
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)
Grade 100

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

3.500 88.900 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 128,140 58,124 0.0263 0.0080 0.0532 0.0162
3.500 88.900 0.224 5.690 150 5.91 140,664 63,805 0.0240 0.0073 0.0487 0.0148
3.500 88.900 0.236 5.994 150 5.91 147,759 67,023 0.0228 0.0070 0.0465 0.0142

4.500 114.300 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 159,835 72,500 0.0216 0.0066 0.0362 0.0110
4.500 114.300 0.250 6.350 150 5.91 195,003 88,453 0.0177 0.0054 0.0299 0.0091
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
29

** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
 Plastic Stretch

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Grade 110

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

1.000 25.400 0.087 2.210 36 1.42 16,583 7,522 0.2248 0.0685 0.4367 0.1331
1.000 25.400 0.095 2.413 36 1.42 17,978 8,155 0.2072 0.0632 0.4054 0.1235
1.000 25.400 0.102 2.591 36 1.42 19,180 8,700 0.1941 0.0592 0.3821 0.1164
1.000 25.400 0.109 2.769 36 1.42 20,366 9,238 0.1827 0.0557 0.3619 0.1103

1.000 25.400 0.087 2.210 48 1.89 17,594 7,981 0.2054 0.0626 0.5347 0.1630
1.000 25.400 0.095 2.413 48 1.89 19,084 8,656 0.1892 0.0577 0.4984 0.1519
1.000 25.400 0.102 2.591 48 1.89 20,370 9,240 0.1770 0.0540 0.4716 0.1437
1.000 25.400 0.109 2.769 48 1.89 21,639 9,815 0.1664 0.0507 0.4485 0.1367
30

1.000 25.400 0.087 2.210 72 2.83 19,830 8,995 0.1654 0.0504 1.4439 0.4401
1.000 25.400 0.095 2.413 72 2.83 21,537 9,769 0.1527 0.0465 1.3443 0.4097
1.000 25.400 0.102 2.591 72 2.83 23,014 10,439 0.1433 0.0437 1.2678 0.3864
1.000 25.400 0.109 2.769 72 2.83 24,478 11,103 0.1351 0.0412 1.1995 0.3656

1.250 31.750 0.095 2.413 48 1.89 23,129 10,491 0.1604 0.0489 0.3253 0.0991
1.250 31.750 0.109 2.769 48 1.89 26,277 11,919 0.1411 0.0430 0.2890 0.0881
1.250 31.750 0.118 2.997 48 1.89 28,265 12,821 0.1310 0.0399 0.2704 0.0824
1.250 31.750 0.134 3.404 48 1.89 31,731 14,393 0.1166 0.0355 0.2436 0.0742
1.250 31.750 0.156 3.962 48 1.89 36,356 16,491 0.1015 0.0309 0.2162 0.0659

1.250 31.750 0.095 2.413 72 2.83 25,393 11,518 0.1384 0.0422 0.4804 0.1464
1.250 31.750 0.109 2.769 72 2.83 28,882 13,101 0.1213 0.0370 0.4334 0.1321
1.250 31.750 0.118 2.997 72 2.83 31,091 14,103 0.1125 0.0343 0.4098 0.1249
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)
Grade 110

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

1.250 31.750 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 34,954 15,855 0.0997 0.0304 0.3771 0.1149
1.250 31.750 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 40,131 18,203 0.0863 0.0263 0.3465 0.1056

1.250 31.750 0.095 2.413 100 3.94 28,424 12,893 0.1117 0.0340 2.8360 0.8644
1.250 31.750 0.109 2.769 100 3.94 32,393 14,694 0.0985 0.0300 2.4867 0.7579
1.250 31.750 0.118 2.997 100 3.94 34,918 15,838 0.0918 0.0280 2.3043 0.7023
1.250 31.750 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 39,355 17,851 0.0820 0.0250 2.0384 0.6213
31

1.250 31.750 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 45,360 20,575 0.0719 0.0219 1.7593 0.5362

1.500 38.100 0.095 2.413 48 1.89 27,205 12,340 0.1386 0.0423 0.2434 0.0742
1.500 38.100 0.109 2.769 48 1.89 30,952 14,040 0.1218 0.0371 0.2152 0.0656
1.500 38.100 0.118 2.997 48 1.89 33,325 15,116 0.1130 0.0344 0.2006 0.0611
1.500 38.100 0.134 3.404 48 1.89 37,475 16,999 0.1004 0.0306 0.1796 0.0547
1.500 38.100 0.156 3.962 48 1.89 43,039 19,522 0.0873 0.0266 0.1579 0.0481

1.500 38.100 0.095 2.413 72 2.83 29,388 13,330 0.1234 0.0376 0.3105 0.0946
1.500 38.100 0.109 2.769 72 2.83 33,461 15,178 0.1083 0.0330 0.2759 0.0841
1.500 38.100 0.118 2.997 72 2.83 36,044 16,350 0.1004 0.0306 0.2581 0.0787

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

1.500 38.100 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 40,569 18,402 0.0891 0.0271 0.2326 0.0709

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

1.500 38.100 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 46,651 21,161 0.0773 0.0236 0.2065 0.0629

1.750 44.450 0.109 2.769 100 3.94 41,133 18,658 0.0858 0.0262 0.2838 0.0865
1.750 44.450 0.118 2.997 100 3.94 44,352 20,118 0.0795 0.0242 0.2660 0.0811
1.750 44.450 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 50,010 22,684 0.0704 0.0214 0.2405 0.0733
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Grade 110

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

1.750 44.450 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 57,652 26,151 0.0609 0.0185 0.2146 0.0654
1.750 44.450 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 64,124 29,087 0.0546 0.0166 0.1981 0.0604

1.750 44.450 0.109 2.769 120 4.72 43,472 19,719 0.0772 0.0235 0.4514 0.1376
1.750 44.450 0.118 2.997 120 4.72 46,891 21,270 0.0713 0.0217 0.4317 0.1316
1.750 44.450 0.134 3.404 120 4.72 52,907 23,999 0.0628 0.0191 0.4086 0.1245
1.750 44.450 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 61,050 27,692 0.0543 0.0165 0.3757 0.1145
1.750 44.450 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 67,963 30,828 0.0488 0.0149 0.3441 0.1049

2.000 50.800 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 52,002 23,588 0.0718 0.0219 0.1372 0.0418
32

2.000 50.800 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 59,951 27,194 0.0622 0.0190 0.1200 0.0366
2.000 50.800 0.175 4.445 72 2.83 66,684 30,248 0.0559 0.0170 0.1086 0.0331
2.000 50.800 0.188 4.775 72 2.83 71,219 32,305 0.0523 0.0159 0.1022 0.0312
2.000 50.800 0.203 5.156 72 2.83 76,380 34,646 0.0487 0.0149 0.0959 0.0292

2.000 50.800 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 55,636 25,236 0.0648 0.0198 0.1730 0.0527
2.000 50.800 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 64,192 29,117 0.0561 0.0171 0.1523 0.0464
2.000 50.800 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 71,450 32,410 0.0503 0.0153 0.1387 0.0423
2.000 50.800 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 76,347 34,631 0.0470 0.0143 0.1311 0.0400
2.000 50.800 0.203 5.156 100 3.94 81,927 37,162 0.0438 0.0133 0.1237 0.0377

2.375 60.325 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 60,637 27,505 0.0625 0.0190 0.1057 0.0322
2.375 60.325 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 70,002 31,753 0.0541 0.0165 0.0920 0.0280
2.375 60.325 0.175 4.445 72 2.83 77,956 35,361 0.0485 0.0148 0.0830 0.0253
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)
Grade 110

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

2.375 60.325 0.188 4.775 72 2.83 83,327 37,797 0.0454 0.0138 0.0779 0.0237

2.375 60.325 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 64,180 29,112 0.0574 0.0175 0.1241 0.0378
2.375 60.325 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 74,132 33,626 0.0497 0.0151 0.1084 0.0330
2.375 60.325 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 82,594 37,464 0.0445 0.0136 0.0980 0.0299
2.375 60.325 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 88,313 40,059 0.0416 0.0127 0.0922 0.0281
33

2.375 60.325 0.134 3.404 120 4.72 66,803 30,302 0.0540 0.0165 0.1439 0.0439
2.375 60.325 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 77,192 35,014 0.0467 0.0142 0.1262 0.0384
2.375 60.325 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 86,033 39,024 0.0418 0.0127 0.1145 0.0349
2.375 60.325 0.188 4.775 120 4.72 92,013 41,737 0.0391 0.0119 0.1079 0.0329

2.625 66.675 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 80,802 36,652 0.0460 0.0140 0.0913 0.0278
2.625 66.675 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 90,074 40,857 0.0413 0.0126 0.0824 0.0251
2.625 66.675 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 96,347 43,703 0.0386 0.0118 0.0773 0.0236
2.625 66.675 0.203 5.156 100 3.94 103,513 46,953 0.0359 0.0109 0.0723 0.0220

2.625 66.675 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 83,805 38,014 0.0436 0.0133 0.1029 0.0314

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

2.625 66.675 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 93,448 42,388 0.0390 0.0119 0.0930 0.0284

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

2.625 66.675 0.188 4.775 120 4.72 99,974 45,348 0.0365 0.0111 0.0874 0.0266
2.625 66.675 0.203 5.156 120 4.72 107,434 48,732 0.0339 0.0103 0.0819 0.0250

2.625 66.675 0.156 3.962 150 5.91 88,498 40,142 0.0399 0.0122 0.1312 0.0400
2.625 66.675 0.175 4.445 150 5.91 98,723 44,780 0.0357 0.0109 0.1193 0.0364
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Grade 110

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

2.625 66.675 0.188 4.775 150 5.91 105,650 47,923 0.0334 0.0102 0.1126 0.0343
2.625 66.675 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 113,574 51,517 0.0310 0.0094 0.1061 0.0323

2.875 73.025 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 87,492 39,686 0.0429 0.0131 0.0791 0.0241
2.875 73.025 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 97,577 44,261 0.0384 0.0117 0.0712 0.0217
2.875 73.025 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 104,406 47,358 0.0359 0.0109 0.0667 0.0203
2.875 73.025 0.203 5.156 100 3.94 112,214 50,900 0.0334 0.0102 0.0623 0.0190

2.875 73.025 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 90,455 41,030 0.0408 0.0124 0.0872 0.0266
2.875 73.025 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 100,904 45,770 0.0365 0.0111 0.0787 0.0240
34

2.875 73.025 0.188 4.775 120 4.72 107,983 48,981 0.0341 0.0104 0.0738 0.0225
2.875 73.025 0.203 5.156 120 4.72 116,079 52,653 0.0317 0.0097 0.0690 0.0210

2.875 73.025 0.156 3.962 150 5.91 95,046 43,113 0.0378 0.0115 0.1052 0.0320
2.875 73.025 0.175 4.445 150 5.91 106,063 48,110 0.0338 0.0103 0.0951 0.0290
2.875 73.025 0.188 4.775 150 5.91 113,531 51,497 0.0316 0.0096 0.0895 0.0273
2.875 73.025 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 122,077 55,374 0.0293 0.0089 0.0839 0.0256

3.500 88.900 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 119,646 54,271 0.0314 0.0096 0.0571 0.0174
3.500 88.900 0.203 5.156 120 4.72 137,814 62,512 0.0272 0.0083 0.0499 0.0152
3.500 88.900 0.224 5.690 120 4.72 151,263 68,612 0.0248 0.0076 0.0456 0.0139
3.500 88.900 0.236 5.994 120 4.72 158,880 72,068 0.0236 0.0072 0.0435 0.0133

3.500 88.900 0.175 4.445 150 5.91 124,635 56,534 0.0295 0.0090 0.0645 0.0197
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)
Grade 110

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

3.500 88.900 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 143,608 65,140 0.0256 0.0078 0.0564 0.0172
3.500 88.900 0.224 5.690 150 5.91 157,662 71,515 0.0233 0.0071 0.0517 0.0158
3.500 88.900 0.236 5.994 150 5.91 165,625 75,127 0.0222 0.0068 0.0494 0.0150

4.500 114.300 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 178,396 80,920 0.0211 0.0064 0.0376 0.0115
4.500 114.300 0.250 6.350 150 5.91 217,681 98,740 0.0173 0.0053 0.0310 0.0094
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
35

** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
 Plastic Stretch

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Grade 120

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

1.000 25.400 0.087 2.210 36 1.42 18,386 8,340 0.2195 0.0669 0.4586 0.1398
1.000 25.400 0.095 2.413 36 1.42 19,936 9,043 0.2022 0.0616 0.4260 0.1298
1.000 25.400 0.102 2.591 36 1.42 21,272 9,649 0.1894 0.0577 0.4018 0.1225
1.000 25.400 0.109 2.769 36 1.42 22,589 10,246 0.1782 0.0543 0.3809 0.1161

1.000 25.400 0.087 2.210 48 1.89 19,609 8,895 0.1985 0.0605 0.5883 0.1793
1.000 25.400 0.095 2.413 48 1.89 21,274 9,650 0.1827 0.0557 0.5499 0.1676
1.000 25.400 0.102 2.591 48 1.89 22,711 10,302 0.1709 0.0521 0.5217 0.1590
1.000 25.400 0.109 2.769 48 1.89 24,131 10,946 0.1606 0.0489 0.4975 0.1516
36

1.000 25.400 0.087 2.210 72 2.83 22,391 10,156 0.1567 0.0477 2.8211 0.8598
1.000 25.400 0.095 2.413 72 2.83 24,330 11,036 0.1448 0.0441 2.5994 0.7922
1.000 25.400 0.102 2.591 72 2.83 26,011 11,799 0.1359 0.0414 2.4321 0.7413
1.000 25.400 0.109 2.769 72 2.83 27,679 12,555 0.1282 0.0391 2.2850 0.6964

1.250 31.750 0.095 2.413 48 1.89 25,666 11,642 0.1564 0.0477 0.3433 0.1046
1.250 31.750 0.109 2.769 48 1.89 29,164 13,229 0.1374 0.0419 0.3055 0.0931
1.250 31.750 0.118 2.997 48 1.89 31,375 14,232 0.1276 0.0389 0.2860 0.0872
1.250 31.750 0.134 3.404 48 1.89 35,231 15,981 0.1135 0.0346 0.2582 0.0787
1.250 31.750 0.156 3.962 48 1.89 40,380 18,316 0.0988 0.0301 0.2298 0.0700

1.250 31.750 0.095 2.413 72 2.83 28,420 12,891 0.1321 0.0402 0.5764 0.1757
1.250 31.750 0.109 2.769 72 2.83 32,337 14,668 0.1156 0.0352 0.5274 0.1607
1.250 31.750 0.118 2.997 72 2.83 34,820 15,794 0.1070 0.0326 0.5041 0.1536
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)
Grade 120

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

1.250 31.750 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 39,164 17,764 0.0945 0.0288 0.4757 0.1450
1.250 31.750 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 44,994 20,409 0.0819 0.0250 0.4420 0.1347

1.250 31.750 0.095 2.413 100 3.94 32,273 14,639 0.1074 0.0327 0.1074 0.0327
1.250 31.750 0.109 2.769 100 3.94 36,818 16,701 0.0948 0.0289 0.0948 0.0289
1.250 31.750 0.118 2.997 100 3.94 39,717 18,016 0.0883 0.0269 0.0883 0.0269
1.250 31.750 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 44,833 20,336 0.0788 0.0240 0.0788 0.0240
37

1.250 31.750 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 51,817 23,504 0.0691 0.0211 0.0691 0.0211

1.500 38.100 0.095 2.413 48 1.89 30,102 13,654 0.1358 0.0414 0.2528 0.0770
1.500 38.100 0.109 2.769 48 1.89 34,252 15,537 0.1192 0.0363 0.2236 0.0681
1.500 38.100 0.118 2.997 48 1.89 36,882 16,730 0.1107 0.0337 0.2085 0.0636
1.500 38.100 0.134 3.404 48 1.89 41,482 18,816 0.0983 0.0300 0.1868 0.0569
1.500 38.100 0.156 3.962 48 1.89 47,651 21,614 0.0854 0.0260 0.1645 0.0501

1.500 38.100 0.095 2.413 72 2.83 32,736 14,849 0.1194 0.0364 0.3393 0.1034
1.500 38.100 0.109 2.769 72 2.83 37,281 16,911 0.1047 0.0319 0.3023 0.0921
1.500 38.100 0.118 2.997 72 2.83 40,165 18,219 0.0971 0.0296 0.2833 0.0863

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

1.500 38.100 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 45,219 20,511 0.0860 0.0262 0.2562 0.0781

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

1.500 38.100 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 52,017 23,595 0.0746 0.0227 0.2286 0.0697

1.750 44.450 0.109 2.769 100 3.94 46,007 20,869 0.0821 0.0250 0.3338 0.1017
1.750 44.450 0.118 2.997 100 3.94 49,616 22,506 0.0760 0.0232 0.3142 0.0958
1.750 44.450 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 55,961 25,384 0.0672 0.0205 0.2867 0.0874
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Grade 120

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

1.750 44.450 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 64,538 29,274 0.0580 0.0177 0.2596 0.0791
1.750 44.450 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 71,811 32,573 0.0519 0.0158 0.2436 0.0742

1.750 44.450 0.109 2.769 120 4.72 48,914 22,187 0.0720 0.0220 0.7747 0.2361
1.750 44.450 0.118 2.997 120 4.72 52,774 23,938 0.0669 0.0204 0.7262 0.2213
1.750 44.450 0.134 3.404 120 4.72 59,571 27,021 0.0594 0.0181 0.6535 0.1992
1.750 44.450 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 68,783 31,200 0.0517 0.0157 0.5745 0.1751
1.750 44.450 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 76,618 34,753 0.0466 0.0142 0.5202 0.1585

2.000 50.800 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 57,638 26,144 0.0702 0.0214 0.1438 0.0438
38

2.000 50.800 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 66,461 30,146 0.0608 0.0185 0.1259 0.0384
2.000 50.800 0.175 4.445 72 2.83 73,936 33,537 0.0546 0.0166 0.1141 0.0348
2.000 50.800 0.188 4.775 72 2.83 78,973 35,822 0.0511 0.0156 0.1074 0.0327
2.000 50.800 0.203 5.156 72 2.83 84,707 38,423 0.0476 0.0145 0.1009 0.0307

2.000 50.800 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 62,034 28,139 0.0626 0.0191 0.1914 0.0583
2.000 50.800 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 71,593 32,474 0.0541 0.0165 0.1692 0.0516
2.000 50.800 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 79,708 36,155 0.0485 0.0148 0.1547 0.0471
2.000 50.800 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 85,185 38,640 0.0453 0.0138 0.1466 0.0447
2.000 50.800 0.203 5.156 100 3.94 91,430 41,472 0.0421 0.0128 0.1388 0.0423

2.375 60.325 0.134 3.404 72 2.83 67,041 30,410 0.0613 0.0187 0.1093 0.0333
2.375 60.325 0.156 3.962 72 2.83 77,405 35,111 0.0530 0.0162 0.0952 0.0290
2.375 60.325 0.175 4.445 72 2.83 86,209 39,104 0.0476 0.0145 0.0860 0.0262
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)
Grade 120

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

2.375 60.325 0.188 4.775 72 2.83 92,156 41,802 0.0445 0.0136 0.0807 0.0246

2.375 60.325 0.134 3.404 100 3.94 71,303 32,343 0.0559 0.0170 0.1321 0.0403
2.375 60.325 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 82,374 37,365 0.0483 0.0147 0.1156 0.0352
2.375 60.325 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 91,791 41,636 0.0433 0.0132 0.1047 0.0319
2.375 60.325 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 98,158 44,524 0.0404 0.0123 0.0985 0.0300
39

2.375 60.325 0.134 3.404 120 4.72 74,484 33,786 0.0521 0.0159 0.1591 0.0485
2.375 60.325 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 86,086 39,048 0.0450 0.0137 0.1399 0.0427
2.375 60.325 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 95,965 43,530 0.0403 0.0123 0.1274 0.0388
2.375 60.325 0.188 4.775 120 4.72 102,649 46,561 0.0376 0.0115 0.1203 0.0367

2.625 66.675 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 89,626 40,654 0.0449 0.0137 0.0961 0.0293
2.625 66.675 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 99,923 45,325 0.0402 0.0123 0.0868 0.0265
2.625 66.675 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 106,891 48,485 0.0376 0.0115 0.0815 0.0248
2.625 66.675 0.203 5.156 100 3.94 114,853 52,097 0.0350 0.0107 0.0763 0.0233

2.625 66.675 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 93,253 42,299 0.0422 0.0129 0.1111 0.0339

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

2.625 66.675 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 103,998 47,173 0.0378 0.0115 0.1006 0.0307

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

2.625 66.675 0.188 4.775 120 4.72 111,274 50,474 0.0353 0.0108 0.0947 0.0289
2.625 66.675 0.203 5.156 120 4.72 119,592 54,247 0.0328 0.0100 0.0888 0.0271

2.625 66.675 0.156 3.962 150 5.91 98,977 44,896 0.0382 0.0116 0.1539 0.0469
2.625 66.675 0.175 4.445 150 5.91 110,437 50,094 0.0342 0.0104 0.1409 0.0429
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Grade 120

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

2.625 66.675 0.188 4.775 150 5.91 118,204 53,617 0.0319 0.0097 0.1336 0.0407
2.625 66.675 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 127,092 57,649 0.0296 0.0090 0.1265 0.0386

2.875 73.025 0.156 3.962 100 3.94 96,906 43,956 0.0419 0.0128 0.0825 0.0252
2.875 73.025 0.175 4.445 100 3.94 108,087 49,028 0.0376 0.0114 0.0744 0.0227
2.875 73.025 0.188 4.775 100 3.94 115,660 52,463 0.0351 0.0107 0.0697 0.0213
2.875 73.025 0.203 5.156 100 3.94 124,320 56,391 0.0326 0.0099 0.0651 0.0199

2.875 73.025 0.156 3.962 120 4.72 100,474 45,575 0.0397 0.0121 0.0927 0.0283
2.875 73.025 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 112,095 50,846 0.0355 0.0108 0.0837 0.0255
40

2.875 73.025 0.188 4.775 120 4.72 119,969 54,418 0.0332 0.0101 0.0786 0.0240
2.875 73.025 0.203 5.156 120 4.72 128,977 58,504 0.0309 0.0094 0.0735 0.0224

2.875 73.025 0.156 3.962 150 5.91 106,045 48,102 0.0364 0.0111 0.1174 0.0358
2.875 73.025 0.175 4.445 150 5.91 118,356 53,686 0.0326 0.0099 0.1065 0.0325
2.875 73.025 0.188 4.775 150 5.91 126,704 57,473 0.0304 0.0093 0.1004 0.0306
2.875 73.025 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 136,261 61,808 0.0282 0.0086 0.0944 0.0288

3.500 88.900 0.175 4.445 120 4.72 132,485 60,095 0.0307 0.0094 0.0596 0.0182
3.500 88.900 0.203 5.156 120 4.72 152,620 69,228 0.0266 0.0081 0.0520 0.0159
3.500 88.900 0.224 5.690 120 4.72 167,530 75,991 0.0243 0.0074 0.0476 0.0145
3.500 88.900 0.236 5.994 120 4.72 175,976 79,822 0.0231 0.0070 0.0454 0.0138

3.500 88.900 0.175 4.445 150 5.91 138,494 62,821 0.0287 0.0088 0.0688 0.0210
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.
 Plastic Stretch (CONT)
Grade 120

CT OD Wall Rb Ft Stretch <Ft Stretch >Ft

(in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (lb) (kg) (ft *) (m **) (ft *) (m **)

3.500 88.900 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 159,600 72,394 0.0249 0.0076 0.0602 0.0184
3.500 88.900 0.224 5.690 150 5.91 175,240 79,488 0.0227 0.0069 0.0552 0.0168
3.500 88.900 0.236 5.994 150 5.91 184,104 83,509 0.0216 0.0066 0.0528 0.0161

4.500 114.300 0.203 5.156 150 5.91 197,450 89,563 0.0207 0.0063 0.0391 0.0119
4.500 114.300 0.250 6.350 150 5.91 240,966 #### 0.0169 0.0052 0.0323 0.0098
*Feet of stretch when 1,000 lbs of force is applied to a section 1,000 ft long.
41

** Meters of stretch when 1,000 kg of force is applied to a section 1,000 m long.

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
 Elongation Due to Pressure - Poisson Effect

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units

Po (psi) 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000

Pi (psi) 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
OD/Wall Feet of Stretch per 1,000 feet
6.5 0.000 -0.041 -0.082 -0.123 -0.164 -0.205 0.085 0.044 0.004 -0.037 -0.078 -0.034
7.0 0.000 -0.046 -0.093 -0.139 -0.185 -0.231 0.091 0.044 -0.002 -0.048 -0.094 -0.050
7.5 0.000 -0.052 -0.103 -0.155 -0.207 -0.259 0.096 0.044 -0.007 -0.059 -0.111 -0.066
8.0 0.000 -0.057 -0.114 -0.171 -0.229 -0.286 0.102 0.044 -0.013 -0.070 -0.127 -0.083
8.5 0.000 -0.063 -0.125 -0.188 -0.250 -0.313 0.107 0.044 -0.018 -0.081 -0.143 -0.099
9.0 0.000 -0.068 -0.136 -0.204 -0.272 -0.340 0.113 0.044 -0.024 -0.092 -0.160 -0.115
9.5 0.000 -0.074 -0.147 -0.221 -0.294 -0.368 0.118 0.044 -0.029 -0.103 -0.176 -0.132
10.0 0.000 -0.079 -0.158 -0.237 -0.316 -0.395 0.123 0.044 -0.035 -0.114 -0.193 -0.148
10.5 0.000 -0.085 -0.169 -0.254 -0.338 -0.423 0.129 0.044 -0.040 -0.125 -0.209 -0.165
11.0 0.000 -0.090 -0.180 -0.270 -0.360 -0.450 0.134 0.044 -0.046 -0.136 -0.226 -0.181
11.5 0.000 -0.096 -0.191 -0.287 -0.382 -0.478 0.140 0.044 -0.051 -0.147 -0.242 -0.198
42

12.0 0.000 -0.101 -0.202 -0.303 -0.404 -0.505 0.145 0.044 -0.057 -0.158 -0.259 -0.214
12.5 0.000 -0.107 -0.213 -0.320 -0.426 -0.533 0.151 0.044 -0.062 -0.169 -0.275 -0.231
13.0 0.000 -0.112 -0.224 -0.336 -0.448 -0.560 0.156 0.044 -0.068 -0.180 -0.292 -0.247
13.5 0.000 -0.118 -0.235 -0.353 -0.470 -0.588 0.162 0.044 -0.073 -0.191 -0.308 -0.264
14.0 0.000 -0.123 -0.246 -0.369 -0.492 -0.615 0.168 0.044 -0.079 -0.202 -0.325 -0.280
14.5 0.000 -0.129 -0.257 -0.386 -0.514 -0.643 0.173 0.044 -0.084 -0.213 -0.341 -0.297
15.0 0.000 -0.134 -0.268 -0.402 -0.537 -0.671 0.179 0.044 -0.090 -0.224 -0.358 -0.313
15.5 0.000 -0.140 -0.279 -0.419 -0.559 -0.698 0.184 0.044 -0.095 -0.235 -0.375 -0.330
16.0 0.000 -0.145 -0.290 -0.436 -0.581 -0.726 0.190 0.044 -0.101 -0.246 -0.391 -0.347
16.5 0.000 -0.151 -0.301 -0.452 -0.603 -0.754 0.195 0.044 -0.106 -0.257 -0.408 -0.363
17.0 0.000 -0.156 -0.313 -0.469 -0.625 -0.781 0.201 0.044 -0.112 -0.268 -0.424 -0.380
17.5 0.000 -0.162 -0.324 -0.485 -0.647 -0.809 0.206 0.044 -0.117 -0.279 -0.441 -0.396
18.0 0.000 -0.167 -0.335 -0.502 -0.669 -0.837 0.212 0.044 -0.123 -0.290 -0.458 -0.413
18.5 0.000 -0.173 -0.346 -0.519 -0.691 -0.864 0.217 0.044 -0.128 -0.301 -0.474 -0.430
19.0 0.000 -0.178 -0.357 -0.535 -0.714 -0.892 0.223 0.044 -0.134 -0.312 -0.491 -0.446
19.5 0.000 -0.184 -0.368 -0.552 -0.736 -0.920 0.228 0.044 -0.139 -0.323 -0.507 -0.463
 Elongation Due to Pressure - Poisson Effect
Metric Units

Po (kPa) 0 0 0 0 0 0 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000

Pi (kPa) 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000
OD/Wall Meters of Stretch per 1,000 meters
6.5 0.000 -0.030 -0.059 -0.089 -0.119 -0.148 0.062 0.032 0.003 -0.027 -0.057 -0.086
7.0 0.000 -0.034 -0.067 -0.101 -0.134 -0.168 0.066 0.032 -0.001 -0.035 -0.068 -0.102
7.5 0.000 -0.037 -0.075 -0.112 -0.150 -0.187 0.070 0.032 -0.005 -0.043 -0.080 -0.118
8.0 0.000 -0.041 -0.083 -0.124 -0.166 -0.207 0.074 0.032 -0.009 -0.051 -0.092 -0.134
8.5 0.000 -0.045 -0.091 -0.136 -0.182 -0.227 0.078 0.032 -0.013 -0.059 -0.104 -0.149
9.0 0.000 -0.049 -0.099 -0.148 -0.197 -0.247 0.082 0.032 -0.017 -0.066 -0.116 -0.165
9.5 0.000 -0.053 -0.107 -0.160 -0.213 -0.267 0.086 0.032 -0.021 -0.074 -0.128 -0.181
10.0 0.000 -0.057 -0.115 -0.172 -0.229 -0.286 0.090 0.032 -0.025 -0.082 -0.140 -0.197
43

10.5 0.000 -0.061 -0.123 -0.184 -0.245 -0.306 0.094 0.032 -0.029 -0.090 -0.152 -0.213
11.0 0.000 -0.065 -0.131 -0.196 -0.261 -0.326 0.097 0.032 -0.033 -0.098 -0.164 -0.229
11.5 0.000 -0.069 -0.139 -0.208 -0.277 -0.346 0.101 0.032 -0.037 -0.106 -0.176 -0.245
12.0 0.000 -0.073 -0.147 -0.220 -0.293 -0.366 0.105 0.032 -0.041 -0.114 -0.188 -0.261
12.5 0.000 -0.077 -0.154 -0.232 -0.309 -0.386 0.109 0.032 -0.045 -0.122 -0.200 -0.277
13.0 0.000 -0.081 -0.162 -0.244 -0.325 -0.406 0.113 0.032 -0.049 -0.130 -0.212 -0.293
13.5 0.000 -0.085 -0.171 -0.256 -0.341 -0.426 0.117 0.032 -0.053 -0.138 -0.224 -0.309
14.0 0.000 -0.089 -0.179 -0.268 -0.357 -0.446 0.121 0.032 -0.057 -0.146 -0.236 -0.325
14.5 0.000 -0.093 -0.187 -0.280 -0.373 -0.466 0.125 0.032 -0.061 -0.154 -0.248 -0.341
15.0 0.000 -0.097 -0.195 -0.292 -0.389 -0.486 0.129 0.032 -0.065 -0.162 -0.260 -0.357
15.5 0.000 -0.101 -0.203 -0.304 -0.405 -0.506 0.134 0.032 -0.069 -0.170 -0.272 -0.373
16.0 0.000 -0.105 -0.211 -0.316 -0.421 -0.526 0.138 0.032 -0.073 -0.178 -0.284 -0.389

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

16.5 0.000 -0.109 -0.219 -0.328 -0.437 -0.546 0.142 0.032 -0.077 -0.186 -0.296 -0.405
17.0 0.000 -0.113 -0.227 -0.340 -0.453 -0.567 0.146 0.032 -0.081 -0.194 -0.308 -0.421

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

17.5 0.000 -0.117 -0.235 -0.352 -0.469 -0.587 0.150 0.032 -0.085 -0.202 -0.320 -0.437
18.0 0.000 -0.121 -0.243 -0.364 -0.485 -0.607 0.154 0.032 -0.089 -0.210 -0.332 -0.453
18.5 0.000 -0.125 -0.251 -0.376 -0.501 -0.627 0.158 0.032 -0.093 -0.218 -0.344 -0.469
19.0 0.000 -0.129 -0.259 -0.388 -0.517 -0.647 0.162 0.032 -0.097 -0.227 -0.356 -0.485
19.5 0.000 -0.133 -0.267 -0.400 -0.534 -0.667 0.166 0.032 -0.101 -0.235 -0.368 -0.501
 Depth Correction & Stuck Point
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Elongation Due to Pressure - Poisson Effect
English Units
Po (psi) 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000
Pi (psi) 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
OD/Wall Feet of Stretch per 1,000 feet
6.5 0.341 0.301 0.260 0.219 0.178 0.137 0.427 0.386 0.345 0.304 0.263 0.222
7.0 0.363 0.317 0.270 0.224 0.178 0.131 0.454 0.407 0.361 0.315 0.269 0.222
7.5 0.385 0.333 0.281 0.229 0.178 0.126 0.481 0.429 0.377 0.326 0.274 0.222
8.0 0.406 0.349 0.292 0.235 0.178 0.121 0.508 0.451 0.394 0.337 0.279 0.222
8.5 0.428 0.366 0.303 0.240 0.178 0.115 0.535 0.473 0.410 0.347 0.285 0.222
9.0 0.450 0.382 0.314 0.246 0.178 0.110 0.563 0.494 0.426 0.358 0.290 0.222
9.5 0.472 0.398 0.325 0.251 0.178 0.104 0.590 0.516 0.443 0.369 0.296 0.222
10.0 0.494 0.415 0.336 0.257 0.178 0.099 0.617 0.538 0.459 0.380 0.301 0.222
10.5 0.516 0.431 0.347 0.262 0.178 0.093 0.645 0.560 0.476 0.391 0.307 0.222
11.0 0.538 0.448 0.358 0.268 0.178 0.088 0.672 0.582 0.492 0.402 0.312 0.222
11.5 0.560 0.464 0.369 0.273 0.178 0.082 0.700 0.604 0.509 0.413 0.318 0.222
44

12.0 0.582 0.481 0.380 0.279 0.178 0.077 0.727 0.626 0.525 0.424 0.323 0.222
12.5 0.604 0.497 0.391 0.284 0.178 0.071 0.755 0.648 0.542 0.435 0.329 0.222
13.0 0.626 0.514 0.402 0.290 0.178 0.066 0.782 0.670 0.558 0.446 0.334 0.222
13.5 0.648 0.530 0.413 0.295 0.178 0.060 0.810 0.692 0.575 0.457 0.340 0.222
14.0 0.670 0.547 0.424 0.301 0.178 0.055 0.838 0.715 0.591 0.468 0.345 0.222
14.5 0.692 0.564 0.435 0.306 0.178 0.049 0.865 0.737 0.608 0.479 0.351 0.222
15.0 0.714 0.580 0.446 0.312 0.178 0.044 0.893 0.759 0.625 0.490 0.356 0.222
15.5 0.736 0.597 0.457 0.317 0.178 0.038 0.920 0.781 0.641 0.502 0.362 0.222
16.0 0.759 0.613 0.468 0.323 0.178 0.033 0.948 0.803 0.658 0.513 0.367 0.222
16.5 0.781 0.630 0.479 0.328 0.178 0.027 0.976 0.825 0.674 0.524 0.373 0.222
17.0 0.803 0.647 0.490 0.334 0.178 0.022 1.003 0.847 0.691 0.535 0.378 0.222
17.5 0.825 0.663 0.501 0.340 0.178 0.016 1.031 0.869 0.708 0.546 0.384 0.222
18.0 0.847 0.680 0.512 0.345 0.178 0.010 1.059 0.892 0.724 0.557 0.390 0.222
18.5 0.869 0.696 0.523 0.351 0.178 0.005 1.087 0.914 0.741 0.568 0.395 0.222
19.0 0.891 0.713 0.535 0.356 0.178 -0.001 1.114 0.936 0.757 0.579 0.401 0.222
19.5 0.914 0.730 0.546 0.362 0.178 -0.006 1.142 0.958 0.774 0.590 0.406 0.222
 Elongation Due to Pressure - Poisson Effect
Metric Units

Po (kPa) 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 30,000 30,000 30,000 30,000 30,000 30,000
Pi (kPa) 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000
OD/Wall Meters of Stretch per 1,000 meters
6.5 0.124 0.094 0.064 0.035 0.005 -0.025 0.186 0.156 0.126 0.097 0.067 0.037
7.0 0.132 0.098 0.064 0.031 -0.003 -0.036 0.197 0.164 0.130 0.097 0.063 0.030
7.5 0.139 0.102 0.064 0.027 -0.011 -0.048 0.209 0.172 0.134 0.097 0.059 0.022
8.0 0.147 0.106 0.064 0.023 -0.018 -0.060 0.221 0.180 0.138 0.097 0.055 0.014
8.5 0.155 0.110 0.064 0.019 -0.026 -0.072 0.233 0.187 0.142 0.097 0.051 0.006
9.0 0.163 0.114 0.064 0.015 -0.034 -0.084 0.245 0.195 0.146 0.097 0.047 -0.002
9.5 0.171 0.118 0.064 0.011 -0.042 -0.096 0.257 0.203 0.150 0.097 0.043 -0.010
45

10.0 0.179 0.122 0.064 0.007 -0.050 -0.107 0.269 0.211 0.154 0.097 0.039 -0.018
10.5 0.187 0.126 0.064 0.003 -0.058 -0.119 0.281 0.219 0.158 0.097 0.035 -0.026
11.0 0.195 0.130 0.064 -0.001 -0.066 -0.131 0.292 0.227 0.162 0.097 0.031 -0.034
11.5 0.203 0.134 0.064 -0.005 -0.074 -0.143 0.304 0.235 0.166 0.097 0.027 -0.042
12.0 0.211 0.138 0.064 -0.009 -0.082 -0.155 0.316 0.243 0.170 0.097 0.023 -0.050
12.5 0.219 0.142 0.064 -0.013 -0.090 -0.167 0.328 0.251 0.174 0.097 0.019 -0.058
13.0 0.227 0.146 0.064 -0.017 -0.098 -0.179 0.340 0.259 0.178 0.097 0.015 -0.066
13.5 0.235 0.150 0.064 -0.021 -0.106 -0.191 0.352 0.267 0.182 0.097 0.011 -0.074
14.0 0.243 0.154 0.064 -0.025 -0.114 -0.203 0.364 0.275 0.186 0.097 0.007 -0.082
14.5 0.251 0.158 0.064 -0.029 -0.122 -0.215 0.376 0.283 0.190 0.097 0.003 -0.090
15.0 0.259 0.162 0.064 -0.033 -0.130 -0.227 0.388 0.291 0.194 0.097 -0.001 -0.098
15.5 0.267 0.166 0.064 -0.037 -0.138 -0.239 0.401 0.299 0.198 0.097 -0.005 -0.106
16.0 0.275 0.170 0.064 -0.041 -0.146 -0.251 0.413 0.307 0.202 0.097 -0.009 -0.114

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

16.5 0.283 0.174 0.064 -0.045 -0.154 -0.263 0.425 0.315 0.206 0.097 -0.013 -0.122

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

17.0 0.291 0.178 0.064 -0.049 -0.162 -0.275 0.437 0.323 0.210 0.097 -0.017 -0.130
17.5 0.299 0.182 0.064 -0.053 -0.170 -0.288 0.449 0.331 0.214 0.097 -0.021 -0.138
18.0 0.307 0.186 0.064 -0.057 -0.178 -0.300 0.461 0.339 0.218 0.097 -0.025 -0.146
18.5 0.315 0.190 0.064 -0.061 -0.186 -0.312 0.473 0.347 0.222 0.097 -0.029 -0.154
19.0 0.323 0.194 0.064 -0.065 -0.194 -0.324 0.485 0.355 0.226 0.097 -0.033 -0.162
19.5 0.331 0.198 0.064 -0.069 -0.202 -0.336 0.497 0.363 0.230 0.097 -0.037 -0.170
 Depth Correction & Stuck Point
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Elongation Due to Pressure - Poisson Effect
English Units
Po (psi) 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 6,000 6,000 6,000 6,000 6,000 6,000
Pi (psi) 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
OD/Wall Feet of Stretch per 1,000 feet
6.5 0.171 0.130 0.089 0.048 0.007 -0.034 0.256 0.215 0.174 0.133 0.092 0.052
7.0 0.181 0.135 0.089 0.043 -0.004 -0.050 0.272 0.226 0.180 0.133 0.087 0.041
7.5 0.192 0.141 0.089 0.037 -0.015 -0.066 0.288 0.237 0.185 0.133 0.082 0.030
8.0 0.203 0.146 0.089 0.032 -0.025 -0.083 0.305 0.248 0.190 0.133 0.076 0.019
8.5 0.214 0.151 0.089 0.026 -0.036 -0.099 0.321 0.259 0.196 0.133 0.071 0.008
9.0 0.225 0.157 0.089 0.021 -0.047 -0.115 0.338 0.269 0.201 0.133 0.065 -0.003
9.5 0.236 0.162 0.089 0.015 -0.058 -0.132 0.354 0.280 0.207 0.133 0.060 -0.014
10.0 0.247 0.168 0.089 0.010 -0.069 -0.148 0.370 0.291 0.212 0.133 0.054 -0.025
10.5 0.258 0.173 0.089 0.004 -0.080 -0.165 0.387 0.302 0.218 0.133 0.049 -0.036
11.0 0.269 0.179 0.089 -0.001 -0.091 -0.181 0.403 0.313 0.223 0.133 0.043 -0.047
11.5 0.280 0.184 0.089 -0.007 -0.102 -0.198 0.420 0.324 0.229 0.133 0.038 -0.058
46

12.0 0.291 0.190 0.089 -0.012 -0.113 -0.214 0.436 0.335 0.234 0.133 0.032 -0.069
12.5 0.302 0.195 0.089 -0.018 -0.124 -0.231 0.453 0.346 0.240 0.133 0.027 -0.080
13.0 0.313 0.201 0.089 -0.023 -0.135 -0.247 0.469 0.357 0.245 0.133 0.021 -0.091
13.5 0.324 0.206 0.089 -0.029 -0.146 -0.264 0.486 0.368 0.251 0.133 0.016 -0.102
14.0 0.335 0.212 0.089 -0.034 -0.157 -0.280 0.503 0.379 0.256 0.133 0.010 -0.113
14.5 0.346 0.217 0.089 -0.040 -0.168 -0.297 0.519 0.391 0.262 0.133 0.005 -0.124
15.0 0.357 0.223 0.089 -0.045 -0.179 -0.313 0.536 0.402 0.267 0.133 -0.001 -0.135
15.5 0.368 0.229 0.089 -0.051 -0.190 -0.330 0.552 0.413 0.273 0.133 -0.006 -0.146
16.0 0.379 0.234 0.089 -0.056 -0.201 -0.347 0.569 0.424 0.279 0.133 -0.012 -0.157
16.5 0.390 0.240 0.089 -0.062 -0.213 -0.363 0.585 0.435 0.284 0.133 -0.017 -0.168
17.0 0.401 0.245 0.089 -0.067 -0.224 -0.380 0.602 0.446 0.290 0.133 -0.023 -0.179
17.5 0.412 0.251 0.089 -0.073 -0.235 -0.396 0.619 0.457 0.295 0.133 -0.028 -0.190
18.0 0.424 0.256 0.089 -0.078 -0.246 -0.413 0.635 0.468 0.301 0.133 -0.034 -0.201
18.5 0.435 0.262 0.089 -0.084 -0.257 -0.430 0.652 0.479 0.306 0.133 -0.040 -0.212
19.0 0.446 0.267 0.089 -0.090 -0.268 -0.446 0.669 0.490 0.312 0.133 -0.045 -0.223
19.5 0.457 0.273 0.089 -0.095 -0.279 -0.463 0.685 0.501 0.317 0.133 -0.051 -0.235
 Elongation Due to Pressure - Poisson Effect
Metric Units
Po (kPa) 40,000 40,000 40,000 40,000 40,000 40,000 50,000 50,000 50,000 50,000 50,000 50,000
Pi (kPa) 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000
OD/Wall Meters of Stretch per 1,000 meters
6.5 0.248 0.218 0.188 0.159 0.129 0.099 0.309 0.280 0.250 0.220 0.191 0.161
7.0 0.263 0.230 0.196 0.162 0.129 0.095 0.329 0.295 0.262 0.228 0.195 0.161
7.5 0.279 0.241 0.204 0.166 0.129 0.091 0.349 0.311 0.274 0.236 0.199 0.161
8.0 0.295 0.253 0.212 0.170 0.129 0.087 0.368 0.327 0.285 0.244 0.203 0.161
8.5 0.310 0.265 0.220 0.174 0.129 0.084 0.388 0.343 0.297 0.252 0.207 0.161
9.0 0.326 0.277 0.228 0.178 0.129 0.080 0.408 0.359 0.309 0.260 0.211 0.161
9.5 0.342 0.289 0.236 0.182 0.129 0.076 0.428 0.374 0.321 0.268 0.214 0.161
10.0 0.358 0.301 0.244 0.186 0.129 0.072 0.448 0.390 0.333 0.276 0.218 0.161
47

10.5 0.374 0.313 0.251 0.190 0.129 0.068 0.468 0.406 0.345 0.284 0.222 0.161
11.0 0.390 0.325 0.259 0.194 0.129 0.064 0.487 0.422 0.357 0.292 0.226 0.161
11.5 0.406 0.337 0.267 0.198 0.129 0.060 0.507 0.438 0.369 0.300 0.230 0.161
12.0 0.422 0.349 0.275 0.202 0.129 0.056 0.527 0.454 0.381 0.308 0.234 0.161
12.5 0.438 0.361 0.283 0.206 0.129 0.052 0.547 0.470 0.393 0.316 0.238 0.161
13.0 0.454 0.373 0.291 0.210 0.129 0.048 0.567 0.486 0.405 0.324 0.242 0.161
13.5 0.470 0.385 0.299 0.214 0.129 0.044 0.587 0.502 0.417 0.332 0.246 0.161
14.0 0.486 0.397 0.307 0.218 0.129 0.040 0.607 0.518 0.429 0.340 0.250 0.161
14.5 0.502 0.409 0.315 0.222 0.129 0.036 0.627 0.534 0.441 0.348 0.254 0.161
15.0 0.518 0.421 0.323 0.226 0.129 0.032 0.647 0.550 0.453 0.356 0.258 0.161
15.5 0.534 0.433 0.331 0.230 0.129 0.028 0.668 0.566 0.465 0.364 0.262 0.161
16.0 0.550 0.445 0.339 0.234 0.129 0.024 0.688 0.582 0.477 0.372 0.266 0.161

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

16.5 0.566 0.457 0.348 0.238 0.129 0.020 0.708 0.598 0.489 0.380 0.270 0.161
17.0 0.582 0.469 0.356 0.242 0.129 0.016 0.728 0.614 0.501 0.388 0.274 0.161

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

17.5 0.598 0.481 0.364 0.246 0.129 0.012 0.748 0.630 0.513 0.396 0.278 0.161
18.0 0.614 0.493 0.372 0.250 0.129 0.008 0.768 0.647 0.525 0.404 0.282 0.161
18.5 0.630 0.505 0.380 0.254 0.129 0.004 0.788 0.663 0.537 0.412 0.287 0.161
19.0 0.646 0.517 0.388 0.258 0.129 0.000 0.808 0.679 0.549 0.420 0.291 0.161
 Period & Shortening due to Helical Buckling

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units

Effective Axial Force (lb)

1,000 2,500 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000
Hole HBL HBL Length Length Length Length Length Length
CT OD Wall Period Period Period Period Period Period
ID (air) (water) Change Change Change Change Change Change
in in in lb lb ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft *

1.000 0.087 2.00 633 590 19.7 0.088 12.5 0.221 8.8 0.441 6.2 0.882 5.1 1.323 4.4 1.763
1.000 0.095 2.00 679 633 20.3 0.083 12.9 0.207 9.1 0.414 6.4 0.828 5.3 1.241 4.5 1.655
1.000 0.109 2.00 757 706 21.3 0.075 13.5 0.188 9.5 0.377 6.7 0.753 5.5 1.129 4.8 1.505
1.000 0.087 4.00 365 340 19.7 0.794 12.5 1.983 8.8 3.962 6.2 7.909 5.1 11.840 4.4 15.757
1.000 0.095 4.00 392 366 20.3 0.745 12.9 1.861 9.1 3.719 6.4 7.424 5.3 11.116 4.5 14.794
1.000 0.109 4.00 437 407 21.3 0.678 13.5 1.693 9.5 3.384 6.7 6.757 5.5 10.118 4.8 13.468
1.000 0.087 6.00 283 264 19.7 2.203 12.5 5.499 8.8 10.968 6.2 21.819 5.1 32.555 4.4 43.181
48

1.000 0.095 6.00 304 283 20.3 2.068 12.9 5.162 9.1 10.297 6.4 20.490 5.3 30.582 4.5 40.577
1.000 0.109 6.00 339 316 21.3 1.881 13.5 4.697 9.5 9.372 6.7 18.657 5.5 27.859 4.8 36.979
1.000 0.087 8.00 239 223 19.7 4.314 12.5 10.750 8.8 21.387 6.2 42.335 5.1 62.870 4.4 83.016
1.000 0.095 8.00 257 239 20.3 4.049 12.9 10.092 9.1 20.084 6.4 39.781 5.3 59.111 4.5 78.094
1.000 0.109 8.00 286 267 21.3 3.684 13.5 9.185 9.5 18.288 6.7 36.253 5.5 53.911 4.8 71.279

1.250 0.095 2.00 1,275 1,188 29.3 0.022 18.5 0.056 13.1 0.112 9.3 0.225 7.6 0.337 6.5 0.450
1.250 0.109 2.00 1,429 1,332 30.8 0.020 19.5 0.051 13.8 0.101 9.7 0.203 8.0 0.304 6.9 0.406
1.250 0.118 2.00 1,524 1,421 31.7 0.019 20.1 0.048 14.2 0.096 10.0 0.192 8.2 0.287 7.1 0.383
1.250 0.134 2.00 1,686 1,571 33.1 0.018 21.0 0.044 14.8 0.088 10.5 0.175 8.6 0.263 7.4 0.351
1.250 0.156 2.00 1,891 1,762 34.8 0.016 22.0 0.040 15.6 0.080 11.0 0.159 9.0 0.239 7.8 0.318
1.250 0.095 4.00 666 621 29.3 0.302 18.5 0.756 13.1 1.511 9.3 3.020 7.6 4.527 6.5 6.032
1.250 0.109 4.00 746 696 30.8 0.273 19.5 0.682 13.8 1.363 9.7 2.725 8.0 4.084 6.9 5.442
1.250 0.118 4.00 796 742 31.7 0.258 20.1 0.644 14.2 1.287 10.0 2.573 8.2 3.857 7.1 5.140
* Feet CT appears to shorten due to helical buckling for 1,000 ft length.
 Period & Shortening due to Helical Buckling (CONT)
English Units

Effective Axial Force (lb)

1,000 2,500 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000
Hole HBL HBL Length Length Length Length Length Length
CT OD Wall Period Period Period Period Period Period
ID (air) (water) Change Change Change Change Change Change
in in in lb lb ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft *

1.250 0.134 4.00 880 820 33.1 0.236 21.0 0.590 14.8 1.179 10.5 2.357 8.6 3.533 7.4 4.708
1.250 0.156 4.00 988 920 34.8 0.214 22.0 0.535 15.6 1.069 11.0 2.137 9.0 3.203 7.8 4.269
1.250 0.095 6.00 507 472 29.3 0.902 18.5 2.254 13.1 4.502 9.3 8.985 7.6 13.447 6.5 17.890
1.250 0.109 6.00 568 529 30.8 0.814 19.5 2.033 13.8 4.062 9.7 8.107 8.0 12.136 6.9 16.149
49

1.250 0.118 6.00 606 565 31.7 0.768 20.1 1.920 14.2 3.836 10.0 7.657 8.2 11.464 7.1 15.257
1.250 0.134 6.00 670 624 33.1 0.704 21.0 1.758 14.8 3.513 10.5 7.015 8.6 10.504 7.4 13.981
1.250 0.156 6.00 751 700 34.8 0.638 22.0 1.594 15.6 3.186 11.0 6.361 9.0 9.527 7.8 12.683
1.250 0.095 8.00 425 396 29.3 1.821 18.5 4.546 13.1 9.071 9.3 18.062 7.6 26.974 6.5 35.809
1.250 0.109 8.00 476 444 30.8 1.642 19.5 4.101 13.8 8.185 9.7 16.305 8.0 24.360 6.9 32.352
1.250 0.118 8.00 508 474 31.7 1.551 20.1 3.873 14.2 7.731 10.0 15.403 8.2 23.018 7.1 30.577
1.250 0.134 8.00 562 524 33.1 1.421 21.0 3.547 14.8 7.082 10.5 14.115 8.6 21.100 7.4 28.037
1.250 0.156 8.00 630 587 34.8 1.288 22.0 3.217 15.6 6.423 11.0 12.805 9.0 19.147 7.8 25.450

1.500 0.095 2.00 2,308 2,151 39.2 0.006 24.8 0.014 17.5 0.028 12.4 0.056 10.1 0.084 8.8 0.111
1.500 0.109 2.00 2,598 2,421 41.4 0.005 26.2 0.012 18.5 0.025 13.1 0.050 10.7 0.075 9.3 0.100

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

1.500 0.118 2.00 2,778 2,589 42.7 0.005 27.0 0.012 19.1 0.023 13.5 0.047 11.0 0.070 9.5 0.094

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

1.500 0.134 2.00 3,086 2,875 44.8 0.004 28.3 0.011 20.0 0.021 14.2 0.043 11.6 0.064 10.0 0.085
1.500 0.156 2.00 3,484 3,247 47.2 0.004 29.9 0.010 21.1 0.019 14.9 0.038 12.2 0.058 10.6 0.077
1.500 0.095 4.00 1,032 962 39.2 0.139 24.8 0.348 17.5 0.696 12.4 1.391 10.1 2.086 8.8 2.780
1.500 0.109 4.00 1,162 1,083 41.4 0.125 26.2 0.312 18.5 0.624 13.1 1.247 10.7 1.870 9.3 2.493
1.500 0.118 4.00 1,242 1,158 42.7 0.117 27.0 0.294 19.1 0.587 13.5 1.174 11.0 1.760 9.5 2.346
* Feet CT appears to shorten due to helical buckling for 1,000 ft length.
 Period & Shortening due to Helical Buckling (CONT)

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units

Effective Axial Force (lb)

1,000 2,500 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000
Hole HBL HBL Length Length Length Length Length Length
CT OD Wall Period Period Period Period Period Period
ID (air) (water) Change Change Change Change Change Change
in in in lb lb ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft *

1.500 0.134 4.00 1,380 1,286 44.8 0.107 28.3 0.267 20.0 0.534 14.2 1.068 11.6 1.601 10.0 2.134
1.500 0.156 4.00 1,558 1,452 47.2 0.096 29.9 0.240 21.1 0.480 14.9 0.959 12.2 1.439 10.6 1.918
1.500 0.095 6.00 769 717 39.2 0.451 24.8 1.127 17.5 2.252 12.4 4.500 10.1 6.742 8.8 8.979
1.500 0.109 6.00 866 807 41.4 0.404 26.2 1.010 18.5 2.020 13.1 4.036 10.7 6.048 9.3 8.056
1.500 0.118 6.00 926 863 42.7 0.380 27.0 0.951 19.1 1.901 13.5 3.797 11.0 5.691 9.5 7.581
1.500 0.134 6.00 1,029 958 44.8 0.346 28.3 0.865 20.0 1.729 14.2 3.456 11.6 5.179 10.0 6.899
1.500 0.156 6.00 1,161 1,082 47.2 0.311 29.9 0.777 21.1 1.554 14.9 3.105 12.2 4.654 10.6 6.201
50

1.500 0.095 8.00 640 597 39.2 0.940 24.8 2.350 17.5 4.694 12.4 9.365 10.1 14.015 8.8 18.644
1.500 0.109 8.00 721 672 41.4 0.843 26.2 2.107 18.5 4.210 13.1 8.402 10.7 12.577 9.3 16.735
1.500 0.118 8.00 770 718 42.7 0.794 27.0 1.983 19.1 3.961 13.5 7.907 11.0 11.837 9.5 15.752
1.500 0.134 8.00 856 797 44.8 0.722 28.3 1.804 20.0 3.605 14.2 7.196 11.6 10.775 10.0 14.341
1.500 0.156 8.00 966 900 47.2 0.649 29.9 1.621 21.1 3.239 14.9 6.468 12.2 9.686 10.6 12.894

1.750 0.109 4.00 1,703 1,587 53.0 0.062 33.5 0.154 23.7 0.308 16.8 0.617 13.7 0.925 11.9 1.233
1.750 0.118 4.00 1,824 1,700 54.7 0.058 34.6 0.145 24.5 0.289 17.3 0.579 14.1 0.868 12.2 1.157
1.750 0.134 4.00 2,033 1,894 57.5 0.052 36.4 0.131 25.7 0.262 18.2 0.524 14.9 0.786 12.9 1.048
1.750 0.156 4.00 2,306 2,149 60.9 0.047 38.5 0.117 27.2 0.234 19.3 0.468 15.7 0.702 13.6 0.935
1.750 0.175 4.00 2,529 2,357 63.4 0.043 40.1 0.108 28.4 0.216 20.1 0.431 16.4 0.646 14.2 0.862
1.750 0.109 6.00 1,239 1,155 53.0 0.220 33.5 0.550 23.7 1.100 16.8 2.198 13.7 3.296 11.9 4.392
1.750 0.118 6.00 1,327 1,237 54.7 0.206 34.6 0.516 24.5 1.032 17.3 2.063 14.1 3.093 12.2 4.122
1.750 0.134 6.00 1,479 1,378 57.5 0.187 36.4 0.467 25.7 0.935 18.2 1.868 14.9 2.801 12.9 3.733
* Feet CT appears to shorten due to helical buckling for 1,000 ft length.
 Period & Shortening due to Helical Buckling (CONT)
English Units

Effective Axial Force (lb)

1,000 2,500 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000
Hole HBL HBL Length Length Length Length Length Length
CT OD Wall Period Period Period Period Period Period
ID (air) (water) Change Change Change Change Change Change
in in in lb lb ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft *

1.750 0.156 6.00 1,678 1,563 60.9 0.167 38.5 0.417 27.2 0.834 19.3 1.668 15.7 2.501 13.6 3.333
1.750 0.175 6.00 1,840 1,715 63.4 0.154 40.1 0.384 28.4 0.769 20.1 1.537 16.4 2.305 14.2 3.072
1.750 0.109 8.00 1,022 952 53.0 0.476 33.5 1.189 23.7 2.377 16.8 4.748 13.7 7.114 11.9 9.474
1.750 0.118 8.00 1,095 1,020 54.7 0.446 34.6 1.116 24.5 2.230 17.3 4.456 14.1 6.677 12.2 8.892
51

1.750 0.134 8.00 1,220 1,137 57.5 0.404 36.4 1.010 25.7 2.020 18.2 4.036 14.9 6.048 12.9 8.056
1.750 0.156 8.00 1,383 1,289 60.9 0.361 38.5 0.902 27.2 1.803 19.3 3.603 15.7 5.400 13.6 7.194
1.750 0.175 8.00 1,517 1,414 63.4 0.333 40.1 0.831 28.4 1.662 20.1 3.321 16.4 4.978 14.2 6.631
1.750 0.109 10.00 889 829 53.0 0.829 33.5 2.071 23.7 4.138 16.8 8.259 13.7 12.363 11.9 16.450
1.750 0.118 10.00 953 888 54.7 0.778 34.6 1.943 24.5 3.883 17.3 7.751 14.1 11.605 12.2 15.444
1.750 0.134 10.00 1,062 989 57.5 0.704 36.4 1.760 25.7 3.517 18.2 7.022 14.9 10.514 12.9 13.995
1.750 0.156 10.00 1,204 1,122 60.9 0.629 38.5 1.571 27.2 3.140 19.3 6.270 15.7 9.391 13.6 12.501
1.750 0.175 10.00 1,321 1,231 63.4 0.579 40.1 1.448 28.4 2.894 20.1 5.780 16.4 8.657 14.2 11.526

2.000 0.134 4.00 2,872 2,677 71.3 0.027 45.1 0.067 31.9 0.135 22.6 0.269 18.4 0.404 15.9 0.539
2.000 0.175 4.00 3,596 3,351 79.0 0.022 50.0 0.055 35.3 0.110 25.0 0.220 20.4 0.329 17.7 0.439

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

2.000 0.188 4.00 3,811 3,551 81.1 0.021 51.3 0.052 36.3 0.104 25.6 0.209 20.9 0.313 18.1 0.417

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

2.000 0.203 4.00 4,051 3,775 83.3 0.020 52.7 0.049 37.2 0.099 26.3 0.198 21.5 0.296 18.6 0.395
2.000 0.134 6.00 2,031 1,893 71.3 0.108 45.1 0.269 31.9 0.539 22.6 1.077 18.4 1.615 15.9 2.153
2.000 0.175 6.00 2,542 2,369 79.0 0.088 50.0 0.220 35.3 0.439 25.0 0.878 20.4 1.317 17.7 1.756
2.000 0.188 6.00 2,695 2,511 81.1 0.083 51.3 0.209 36.3 0.417 25.6 0.834 20.9 1.251 18.1 1.667
2.000 0.203 6.00 2,864 2,669 83.3 0.079 52.7 0.198 37.2 0.395 26.3 0.790 21.5 1.185 18.6 1.580
* Feet CT appears to shorten due to helical buckling for 1,000 ft length.
 Period & Shortening due to Helical Buckling (CONT)

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units

Effective Axial Force (lb)

1,000 2,500 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000
Hole HBL HBL Length Length Length Length Length Length
CT OD Wall Period Period Period Period Period Period
ID (air) (water) Change Change Change Change Change Change
in in in lb lb ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft *

2.000 0.134 8.00 1,658 1,545 71.3 0.242 45.1 0.606 31.9 1.212 22.6 2.422 18.4 3.631 15.9 4.838
2.000 0.175 8.00 2,076 1,935 79.0 0.198 50.0 0.494 35.3 0.988 25.0 1.975 20.4 2.961 17.7 3.946
2.000 0.188 8.00 2,200 2,050 81.1 0.188 51.3 0.469 36.3 0.938 25.6 1.875 20.9 2.812 18.1 3.747
2.000 0.203 8.00 2,339 2,180 83.3 0.178 52.7 0.445 37.2 0.889 26.3 1.777 21.5 2.665 18.6 3.551
2.000 0.134 10.00 1,436 1,338 71.3 0.431 45.1 1.077 31.9 2.153 22.6 4.302 18.4 6.446 15.9 8.585
2.000 0.175 10.00 1,798 1,675 79.0 0.351 50.0 0.878 35.3 1.756 25.0 3.508 20.4 5.258 17.7 7.004
2.000 0.188 10.00 1,905 1,776 81.1 0.334 51.3 0.834 36.3 1.667 25.6 3.331 20.9 4.993 18.1 6.652
52

2.000 0.203 10.00 2,025 1,888 83.3 0.316 52.7 0.790 37.2 1.580 26.3 3.157 21.5 4.732 18.6 6.305

2.375 0.134 4.00 4,593 4,280 93.8 0.010 59.3 0.026 41.9 0.051 29.7 0.103 24.2 0.154 21.0 0.206
2.375 0.156 4.00 5,246 4,889 99.8 0.009 63.1 0.023 44.6 0.045 31.6 0.091 25.8 0.136 22.3 0.182
2.375 0.175 4.00 5,788 5,394 104.4 0.008 66.0 0.021 46.7 0.042 33.0 0.083 27.0 0.125 23.3 0.166
2.375 0.188 4.00 6,148 5,730 107.3 0.008 67.9 0.020 48.0 0.039 33.9 0.079 27.7 0.118 24.0 0.157
2.375 0.134 6.00 3,075 2,866 93.8 0.051 59.3 0.128 41.9 0.256 29.7 0.512 24.2 0.767 21.0 1.023
2.375 0.156 6.00 3,512 3,273 99.8 0.045 63.1 0.113 44.6 0.226 31.6 0.452 25.8 0.678 22.3 0.904
2.375 0.175 6.00 3,875 3,612 104.4 0.041 66.0 0.103 46.7 0.207 33.0 0.413 27.0 0.619 23.3 0.826
2.375 0.188 6.00 4,116 3,836 107.3 0.039 67.9 0.098 48.0 0.195 33.9 0.391 27.7 0.586 24.0 0.782
2.375 0.134 8.00 2,468 2,300 93.8 0.123 59.3 0.308 41.9 0.616 29.7 1.232 24.2 1.847 21.0 2.462
2.375 0.156 8.00 2,820 2,628 99.8 0.109 63.1 0.272 44.6 0.544 31.6 1.088 25.8 1.632 22.3 2.175
2.375 0.175 8.00 3,111 2,899 104.4 0.099 66.0 0.249 46.7 0.497 33.0 0.994 27.0 1.491 23.3 1.987
2.375 0.188 8.00 3,305 3,080 107.3 0.094 67.9 0.235 48.0 0.471 33.9 0.941 27.7 1.411 24.0 1.881
* Feet CT appears to shorten due to helical buckling for 1,000 ft length.
 Period & Shortening due to Helical Buckling (CONT)
English Units

Effective Axial Force (lb)

1,000 2,500 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000
Hole HBL HBL Length Length Length Length Length Length
CT OD Wall Period Period Period Period Period Period
ID (air) (water) Change Change Change Change Change Change
in in in lb lb ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft *

2.375 0.134 10.00 2,120 1,976 93.8 0.226 59.3 0.566 41.9 1.132 29.7 2.262 24.2 3.391 21.0 4.519
2.375 0.156 10.00 2,422 2,257 99.8 0.200 63.1 0.500 44.6 1.000 31.6 1.999 25.8 2.997 22.3 3.994
2.375 0.175 10.00 2,672 2,490 104.4 0.183 66.0 0.457 46.7 0.913 33.0 1.826 27.0 2.738 23.3 3.649
2.375 0.188 10.00 2,838 2,645 107.3 0.173 67.9 0.432 48.0 0.865 33.9 1.728 27.7 2.592 24.0 3.454
53

2.625 0.156 4.00 7,057 6,576 117.1 0.005 74.0 0.012 52.4 0.024 37.0 0.047 30.2 0.071 26.2 0.095
2.625 0.175 4.00 7,799 7,268 122.6 0.004 77.6 0.011 54.8 0.022 38.8 0.043 31.7 0.065 27.4 0.086
2.625 0.188 4.00 8,293 7,729 126.1 0.004 79.8 0.010 56.4 0.020 39.9 0.041 32.6 0.061 28.2 0.081
2.625 0.203 4.00 8,850 8,247 129.9 0.004 82.2 0.010 58.1 0.019 41.1 0.038 33.6 0.058 29.1 0.077
2.625 0.156 6.00 4,504 4,198 117.1 0.028 74.0 0.071 52.4 0.142 37.0 0.285 30.2 0.427 26.2 0.569
2.625 0.175 6.00 4,978 4,639 122.6 0.026 77.6 0.065 54.8 0.130 38.8 0.260 31.7 0.389 27.4 0.519
2.625 0.188 6.00 5,294 4,933 126.1 0.025 79.8 0.061 56.4 0.123 39.9 0.245 32.6 0.368 28.2 0.490
2.625 0.203 6.00 5,649 5,264 129.9 0.023 82.2 0.058 58.1 0.116 41.1 0.231 33.6 0.347 29.1 0.462
2.625 0.156 8.00 3,569 3,326 117.1 0.072 74.0 0.181 52.4 0.361 37.0 0.722 30.2 1.083 26.2 1.444
2.625 0.175 8.00 3,945 3,676 122.6 0.066 77.6 0.165 54.8 0.329 38.8 0.658 31.7 0.987 27.4 1.316

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

2.625 0.188 8.00 4,195 3,909 126.1 0.062 79.8 0.156 56.4 0.311 39.9 0.622 32.6 0.933 28.2 1.244

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

2.625 0.203 8.00 4,476 4,171 129.9 0.059 82.2 0.147 58.1 0.293 41.1 0.586 33.6 0.879 29.1 1.172
2.625 0.156 10.00 3,047 2,840 117.1 0.136 74.0 0.340 52.4 0.680 37.0 1.359 30.2 2.038 26.2 2.716
2.625 0.175 10.00 3,368 3,138 122.6 0.124 77.6 0.310 54.8 0.620 38.8 1.239 31.7 1.857 27.4 2.476
2.625 0.188 10.00 3,581 3,337 126.1 0.117 79.8 0.293 56.4 0.585 39.9 1.171 32.6 1.755 28.2 2.340
2.625 0.203 10.00 3,821 3,561 129.9 0.110 82.2 0.276 58.1 0.552 41.1 1.103 33.6 1.654 29.1 2.205
* Feet CT appears to shorten due to helical buckling for 1,000 ft length.
 Period & Shortening due to Helical Buckling (CONT)

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units

Effective Axial Force (lb)

1,000 2,500 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000
Hole HBL HBL Length Length Length Length Length Length
CT OD Wall Period Period Period Period Period Period
ID (air) (water) Change Change Change Change Change Change
in in in lb lb ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft *

2.875 0.156 4.00 9,458 8,814 135.2 0.002 85.5 0.006 60.5 0.012 42.8 0.024 34.9 0.036 30.2 0.047
2.875 0.175 4.00 10,467 9,754 141.8 0.002 89.7 0.005 63.4 0.011 44.8 0.022 36.6 0.032 31.7 0.043
2.875 0.188 4.00 11,140 10,382 146.0 0.002 92.3 0.005 65.3 0.010 46.2 0.020 37.7 0.031 32.6 0.041
2.875 0.203 4.00 11,901 11,090 150.5 0.002 95.2 0.005 67.3 0.010 47.6 0.019 38.9 0.029 33.6 0.038
2.875 0.156 6.00 5,675 5,288 135.2 0.018 85.5 0.046 60.5 0.091 42.8 0.183 34.9 0.274 30.2 0.366
2.875 0.175 6.00 6,280 5,853 141.8 0.017 89.7 0.042 63.4 0.083 44.8 0.166 36.6 0.250 31.7 0.333
54

2.875 0.188 6.00 6,684 6,229 146.0 0.016 92.3 0.039 65.3 0.079 46.2 0.157 37.7 0.236 32.6 0.314
2.875 0.203 6.00 7,140 6,654 150.5 0.015 95.2 0.037 67.3 0.074 47.6 0.148 38.9 0.222 33.6 0.296
2.875 0.156 8.00 4,431 4,130 135.2 0.049 85.5 0.123 60.5 0.246 42.8 0.492 34.9 0.738 30.2 0.984
2.875 0.175 8.00 4,904 4,570 141.8 0.045 89.7 0.112 63.4 0.224 44.8 0.448 36.6 0.671 31.7 0.895
2.875 0.188 8.00 5,220 4,864 146.0 0.042 92.3 0.106 65.3 0.211 46.2 0.422 37.7 0.633 32.6 0.845
2.875 0.203 8.00 5,576 5,196 150.5 0.040 95.2 0.099 67.3 0.199 47.6 0.397 38.9 0.596 33.6 0.795
2.875 0.156 10.00 3,758 3,502 135.2 0.095 85.5 0.238 60.5 0.475 42.8 0.951 34.9 1.426 30.2 1.900
2.875 0.175 10.00 4,159 3,876 141.8 0.087 89.7 0.216 63.4 0.432 44.8 0.865 36.6 1.297 31.7 1.729
2.875 0.188 10.00 4,427 4,125 146.0 0.082 92.3 0.204 65.3 0.408 46.2 0.816 37.7 1.224 32.6 1.632
2.875 0.203 10.00 4,729 4,407 150.5 0.077 95.2 0.192 67.3 0.384 47.6 0.768 38.9 1.152 33.6 1.535

3.500 0.175 4.00 23,794 22,173 193.7 0.000 122.5 0.001 86.6 0.001 61.2 0.002 50.0 0.003 43.3 0.005
3.500 0.203 4.00 27,152 25,303 206.1 0.000 130.3 0.001 92.1 0.001 65.2 0.002 53.2 0.003 46.1 0.004
3.500 0.224 4.00 29,593 27,578 214.5 0.000 135.6 0.000 95.9 0.001 67.8 0.002 55.4 0.003 48.0 0.004
* Feet CT appears to shorten due to helical buckling for 1,000 ft length.
 Period & Shortening due to Helical Buckling (CONT)
English Units

Effective Axial Force (lb)

1,000 2,500 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000
Hole HBL HBL Length Length Length Length Length Length
CT OD Wall Period Period Period Period Period Period
ID (air) (water) Change Change Change Change Change Change
in in in lb lb ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft *

3.500 0.250 4.00 32,526 30,311 224.0 0.000 141.7 0.000 100.2 0.001 70.8 0.002 57.8 0.003 50.1 0.003
3.500 0.175 6.00 10,641 9,916 193.7 0.006 122.5 0.014 86.6 0.029 61.2 0.057 50.0 0.086 43.3 0.114
3.500 0.203 6.00 12,143 11,316 206.1 0.005 130.3 0.013 92.1 0.025 65.2 0.050 53.2 0.076 46.1 0.101
3.500 0.224 6.00 13,234 12,333 214.5 0.005 135.6 0.012 95.9 0.023 67.8 0.047 55.4 0.070 48.0 0.093
55

3.500 0.250 6.00 14,546 13,555 224.0 0.004 141.7 0.011 100.2 0.021 70.8 0.043 57.8 0.064 50.1 0.085
3.500 0.175 8.00 7,931 7,391 193.7 0.019 122.5 0.046 86.6 0.093 61.2 0.185 50.0 0.278 43.3 0.370
3.500 0.203 8.00 9,051 8,434 206.1 0.016 130.3 0.041 92.1 0.082 65.2 0.163 53.2 0.245 46.1 0.327
3.500 0.224 8.00 9,864 9,193 214.5 0.015 135.6 0.038 95.9 0.075 67.8 0.151 55.4 0.226 48.0 0.302
3.500 0.250 8.00 10,842 10,104 224.0 0.014 141.7 0.035 100.2 0.069 70.8 0.138 57.8 0.207 50.1 0.277
3.500 0.175 10.00 6,599 6,150 193.7 0.039 122.5 0.097 86.6 0.193 61.2 0.386 50.0 0.579 43.3 0.772
3.500 0.203 10.00 7,531 7,018 206.1 0.034 130.3 0.085 92.1 0.170 65.2 0.341 53.2 0.511 46.1 0.682
3.500 0.224 10.00 8,208 7,649 214.5 0.031 135.6 0.079 95.9 0.157 67.8 0.315 55.4 0.472 48.0 0.629
3.500 0.250 10.00 9,021 8,407 224.0 0.029 141.7 0.072 100.2 0.144 70.8 0.288 57.8 0.433 50.1 0.577

4.500 0.204 6.00 26,726 24,906 307.0 0.001 194.2 0.002 137.3 0.004 97.1 0.008 79.3 0.012 68.6 0.016

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

4.500 0.224 6.00 29,080 27,100 319.5 0.001 202.1 0.002 142.9 0.004 101.0 0.008 82.5 0.011 71.4 0.015

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

4.500 0.250 6.00 32,074 29,890 334.6 0.001 211.6 0.002 149.6 0.003 105.8 0.007 86.4 0.010 74.8 0.014
4.500 0.204 8.00 17,496 16,305 307.0 0.004 194.2 0.011 137.3 0.022 97.1 0.045 79.3 0.067 68.6 0.089
4.500 0.224 8.00 19,037 17,741 319.5 0.004 202.1 0.010 142.9 0.021 101.0 0.041 82.5 0.062 71.4 0.082
4.500 0.250 8.00 20,997 19,567 334.6 0.004 211.6 0.009 149.6 0.019 105.8 0.037 86.4 0.056 74.8 0.075
4.500 0.204 10.00 13,957 13,007 307.0 0.011 194.2 0.027 137.3 0.055 97.1 0.110 79.3 0.165 68.6 0.220
* Feet CT appears to shorten due to helical buckling for 1,000 ft length.
 Period & Shortening due to Helical Buckling (CONT)

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units

Effective Axial Force (lb)

1,000 2,500 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000
Hole HBL HBL Length Length Length Length Length Length
CT OD Wall Period Period Period Period Period Period
ID (air) (water) Change Change Change Change Change Change
in in in lb lb ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft * ft ft *

4.500 0.224 10.00 15,187 14,153 319.5 0.010 202.1 0.025 142.9 0.051 101.0 0.102 82.5 0.152 71.4 0.203
4.500 0.250 10.00 16,750 15,609 334.6 0.009 211.6 0.023 149.6 0.046 105.8 0.093 86.4 0.139 74.8 0.185
* Feet CT appears to shorten due to helical buckling for 1,000 ft length.
56
 Period & Shortening due to Helical Buckling
Metric Units

Effective Axial Force (kg)

500 1,000 2,500 5,000 7,500 10,000
Hole HBL HBL Length Length Length Length Length Length
CT OD Wall Period Period Period Period Period Period
ID (air) (water) Change Change Change Change Change Change
mm mm mm kg kg m m* m m* m m* m m* m m* m m*

25.4 2.21 50 292 272 5.7 0.091 4.0 0.182 2.6 0.456 1.8 0.912 1.5 1.368 1.3 1.823
25.4 2.41 50 313 292 5.9 0.086 4.2 0.171 2.6 0.428 1.9 0.856 1.5 1.284 1.3 1.711
25.4 2.77 50 349 325 6.2 0.078 4.4 0.156 2.8 0.389 2.0 0.779 1.6 1.168 1.4 1.557
25.4 2.21 100 167 156 5.7 0.839 4.0 1.677 2.6 4.186 1.8 8.356 1.5 12.508 1.3 16.643
57

25.4 2.41 100 180 168 5.9 0.787 4.2 1.574 2.6 3.929 1.9 7.844 1.5 11.743 1.3 15.627
25.4 2.77 100 200 187 6.2 0.716 4.4 1.432 2.8 3.575 2.0 7.138 1.6 10.688 1.4 14.226
25.4 2.21 150 130 121 5.7 2.338 4.0 4.670 2.6 11.636 1.8 23.139 1.5 34.515 1.3 45.767
25.4 2.41 150 139 130 5.9 2.194 4.2 4.384 2.6 10.924 1.9 21.731 1.5 32.425 1.3 43.010
25.4 2.77 150 155 144 6.2 1.996 4.4 3.989 2.8 9.943 2.0 19.789 1.6 29.540 1.4 39.201
25.4 2.21 200 109 102 5.7 4.586 4.0 9.151 2.6 22.723 1.8 44.952 1.5 66.717 1.3 88.048
25.4 2.41 200 118 110 5.9 4.304 4.2 8.590 2.6 21.340 1.9 42.243 1.5 62.734 1.3 82.838
25.4 2.77 200 131 122 6.2 3.916 4.4 7.818 2.8 19.432 2.0 38.500 1.6 57.225 1.4 75.623

31.8 2.41 50 591 551 8.5 0.023 6.0 0.046 3.8 0.114 2.7 0.228 2.2 0.341 1.9 0.455
31.8 2.77 50 662 617 8.9 0.021 6.3 0.041 4.0 0.103 2.8 0.205 2.3 0.308 2.0 0.411

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

31.8 3.00 50 706 658 9.2 0.019 6.5 0.039 4.1 0.097 2.9 0.194 2.4 0.291 2.1 0.388

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

31.8 3.40 50 781 728 9.6 0.018 6.8 0.036 4.3 0.089 3.0 0.178 2.5 0.266 2.2 0.355
31.8 3.96 50 876 817 10.1 0.016 7.1 0.032 4.5 0.080 3.2 0.161 2.6 0.241 2.3 0.322
31.8 2.41 100 306 285 8.5 0.318 6.0 0.637 3.8 1.591 2.7 3.179 2.2 4.765 1.9 6.348
31.8 2.77 100 342 319 8.9 0.287 6.3 0.574 4.0 1.435 2.8 2.868 2.3 4.298 2.0 5.727
31.8 3.00 100 365 340 9.2 0.271 6.5 0.542 4.1 1.355 2.9 2.708 2.4 4.059 2.1 5.409
* Meters CT appears to shorten due to helical buckling for 1,000 m length.
 Period & Shortening due to Helical Buckling (CONT)

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Metric Units

Effective Axial Force (kg)

500 1,000 2,500 5,000 7,500 10,000
Hole HBL HBL Length Length Length Length Length Length
CT OD Wall Period Period Period Period Period Period
ID (air) (water) Change Change Change Change Change Change
mm mm mm kg kg m m* m m* m m* m m* m m* m m*

31.8 3.40 100 404 376 9.6 0.248 6.8 0.497 4.3 1.241 3.0 2.480 2.5 3.718 2.2 4.955
31.8 3.96 100 453 422 10.1 0.225 7.1 0.450 4.5 1.125 3.2 2.249 2.6 3.371 2.3 4.493
31.8 2.41 150 232 216 8.5 0.955 6.0 1.910 3.8 4.768 2.7 9.513 2.2 14.236 1.9 18.937
31.8 2.77 150 260 242 8.9 0.862 6.3 1.723 4.0 4.301 2.8 8.584 2.3 12.848 2.0 17.095
31.8 3.00 150 277 259 9.2 0.814 6.5 1.627 4.1 4.062 2.9 8.108 2.4 12.137 2.1 16.151
31.8 3.40 150 307 286 9.6 0.745 6.8 1.490 4.3 3.721 3.0 7.428 2.5 11.121 2.2 14.801
31.8 3.96 150 344 321 10.1 0.676 7.1 1.351 4.5 3.374 3.2 6.736 2.6 10.087 2.3 13.427
58

31.8 2.41 200 195 181 8.5 1.933 6.0 3.863 3.8 9.629 2.7 19.166 2.2 28.616 1.9 37.979
31.8 2.77 200 218 203 8.9 1.744 6.3 3.484 4.0 8.688 2.8 17.302 2.3 25.844 2.0 34.316
31.8 3.00 200 233 217 9.2 1.647 6.5 3.291 4.1 8.206 2.9 16.347 2.4 24.422 2.1 32.434
31.8 3.40 200 257 240 9.6 1.508 6.8 3.014 4.3 7.518 3.0 14.980 2.5 22.388 2.2 29.743
31.8 3.96 200 289 269 10.1 1.367 7.1 2.733 4.5 6.818 3.2 13.590 2.6 20.317 2.3 27.000

38.1 2.41 50 1,081 1,008 11.4 0.005 8.1 0.011 5.1 0.027 3.6 0.054 2.9 0.081 2.5 0.108
38.1 2.77 50 1,217 1,134 12.0 0.005 8.5 0.010 5.4 0.024 3.8 0.048 3.1 0.072 2.7 0.097
38.1 3.00 50 1,301 1,213 12.4 0.005 8.8 0.009 5.5 0.023 3.9 0.045 3.2 0.068 2.8 0.091
38.1 3.40 50 1,446 1,347 13.0 0.004 9.2 0.008 5.8 0.021 4.1 0.041 3.4 0.062 2.9 0.083
38.1 3.96 50 1,632 1,521 13.7 0.004 9.7 0.007 6.1 0.019 4.3 0.037 3.5 0.056 3.1 0.074
38.1 2.41 100 474 442 11.4 0.146 8.1 0.292 5.1 0.729 3.6 1.457 2.9 2.185 2.5 2.912
38.1 2.77 100 534 497 12.0 0.131 8.5 0.261 5.4 0.654 3.8 1.307 3.1 1.960 2.7 2.612
38.1 3.00 100 571 532 12.4 0.123 8.8 0.246 5.5 0.615 3.9 1.229 3.2 1.844 2.8 2.457
* Meters CT appears to shorten due to helical buckling for 1,000 m length.
 Period & Shortening due to Helical Buckling (CONT)
Metric Units

Effective Axial Force (kg)

500 1,000 2,500 5,000 7,500 10,000
Hole HBL HBL Length Length Length Length Length Length
CT OD Wall Period Period Period Period Period Period
ID (air) (water) Change Change Change Change Change Change
mm mm mm kg kg m m* m m* m m* m m* m m* m m*

38.1 3.40 100 634 591 13.0 0.112 9.2 0.224 5.8 0.559 4.1 1.119 3.4 1.677 2.9 2.236
38.1 3.96 100 716 667 13.7 0.101 9.7 0.201 6.1 0.503 4.3 1.005 3.5 1.507 3.1 2.009
38.1 2.41 150 353 329 11.4 0.476 8.1 0.953 5.1 2.380 3.6 4.754 2.9 7.123 2.5 9.486
38.1 2.77 150 397 370 12.0 0.427 8.5 0.854 5.4 2.134 3.8 4.264 3.1 6.390 2.7 8.510
59

38.1 3.00 150 424 396 12.4 0.402 8.8 0.804 5.5 2.008 3.9 4.012 3.2 6.012 2.8 8.009
38.1 3.40 150 471 439 13.0 0.366 9.2 0.731 5.8 1.827 4.1 3.651 3.4 5.472 2.9 7.289
38.1 3.96 150 532 496 13.7 0.329 9.7 0.657 6.1 1.642 4.3 3.281 3.5 4.917 3.1 6.551
38.1 2.41 200 293 273 11.4 0.997 8.1 1.993 5.1 4.975 3.6 9.926 2.9 14.853 2.5 19.756
38.1 2.77 200 330 308 12.0 0.894 8.5 1.787 5.4 4.463 3.8 8.906 3.1 13.329 2.7 17.733
38.1 3.00 200 353 329 12.4 0.841 8.8 1.682 5.5 4.199 3.9 8.381 3.2 12.545 2.8 16.692
38.1 3.40 200 392 365 13.0 0.765 9.2 1.530 5.8 3.821 4.1 7.628 3.4 11.420 2.9 15.198
38.1 3.96 200 443 412 13.7 0.688 9.7 1.375 6.1 3.434 4.3 6.856 3.5 10.266 3.1 13.665

44.5 2.77 100 783 730 15.4 0.064 10.9 0.128 6.9 0.321 4.9 0.642 4.0 0.963 3.4 1.284
44.5 3.00 100 839 782 15.9 0.060 11.2 0.121 7.1 0.301 5.0 0.603 4.1 0.904 3.6 1.205

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

44.5 3.40 100 935 871 16.7 0.055 11.8 0.109 7.5 0.273 5.3 0.546 4.3 0.819 3.7 1.091

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

44.5 3.96 100 1,061 988 17.7 0.049 12.5 0.097 7.9 0.244 5.6 0.487 4.6 0.731 4.0 0.974
44.5 4.45 100 1,163 1,084 18.4 0.045 13.0 0.090 8.2 0.225 5.8 0.449 4.8 0.673 4.1 0.898
44.5 2.77 150 568 530 15.4 0.232 10.9 0.464 6.9 1.159 4.9 2.317 4.0 3.473 3.4 4.629
44.5 3.00 150 609 567 15.9 0.218 11.2 0.435 7.1 1.088 5.0 2.174 4.1 3.260 3.6 4.344
44.5 3.40 150 678 632 16.7 0.197 11.8 0.394 7.5 0.985 5.3 1.969 4.3 2.952 3.7 3.934
* Meters CT appears to shorten due to helical buckling for 1,000 m length.
 Period & Shortening due to Helical Buckling (CONT)

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Metric Units

Effective Axial Force (kg)

500 1,000 2,500 5,000 7,500 10,000
Hole HBL HBL Length Length Length Length Length Length
CT OD Wall Period Period Period Period Period Period
ID (air) (water) Change Change Change Change Change Change
mm mm mm kg kg m m* m m* m m* m m* m m* m m*

44.5 3.96 150 769 717 17.7 0.176 12.5 0.352 7.9 0.879 5.6 1.758 4.6 2.636 4.0 3.513
44.5 4.45 150 844 786 18.4 0.162 13.0 0.324 8.2 0.810 5.8 1.620 4.8 2.429 4.1 3.237
44.5 2.77 200 468 436 15.4 0.504 10.9 1.007 6.9 2.516 4.9 5.025 4.0 7.528 3.4 10.025
44.5 3.00 200 501 467 15.9 0.473 11.2 0.945 7.1 2.361 5.0 4.716 4.1 7.066 3.6 9.410
44.5 3.40 200 559 521 16.7 0.428 11.8 0.856 7.5 2.138 5.3 4.271 4.3 6.400 3.7 8.525
44.5 3.96 200 634 591 17.7 0.382 12.5 0.764 7.9 1.909 5.6 3.814 4.6 5.715 4.0 7.613
44.5 4.45 200 695 648 18.4 0.352 13.0 0.704 8.2 1.759 5.8 3.515 4.8 5.268 4.1 7.018
60

44.5 2.77 250 407 380 15.4 0.879 10.9 1.758 6.9 4.389 4.9 8.759 4.0 13.110 3.4 17.442
44.5 3.00 250 436 407 15.9 0.825 11.2 1.650 7.1 4.119 5.0 8.221 4.1 12.306 3.6 16.375
44.5 3.40 250 486 453 16.7 0.747 11.8 1.494 7.5 3.730 5.3 7.447 4.3 11.150 3.7 14.839
44.5 3.96 250 551 514 17.7 0.667 12.5 1.334 7.9 3.331 5.6 6.650 4.6 9.959 4.0 13.257
44.5 4.45 250 605 564 18.4 0.615 13.0 1.229 8.2 3.070 5.8 6.130 4.8 9.181 4.1 12.223

50.8 3.40 100 1,324 1,234 20.7 0.028 14.6 0.056 9.3 0.139 6.5 0.279 5.3 0.418 4.6 0.557
50.8 4.45 100 1,657 1,544 22.9 0.023 16.2 0.045 10.3 0.114 7.3 0.227 5.9 0.341 5.1 0.454
50.8 4.78 100 1,756 1,637 23.5 0.022 16.6 0.043 10.5 0.108 7.4 0.216 6.1 0.323 5.3 0.431
50.8 5.16 100 1,867 1,740 24.2 0.020 17.1 0.041 10.8 0.102 7.6 0.204 6.2 0.307 5.4 0.409
50.8 3.40 150 932 869 20.7 0.113 14.6 0.227 9.3 0.566 6.5 1.132 5.3 1.698 4.6 2.263
50.8 4.45 150 1,167 1,087 22.9 0.092 16.2 0.185 10.3 0.462 7.3 0.923 5.9 1.384 5.1 1.845
50.8 4.78 150 1,237 1,153 23.5 0.088 16.6 0.175 10.5 0.438 7.4 0.876 6.1 1.314 5.3 1.752
50.8 5.16 150 1,315 1,225 24.2 0.083 17.1 0.166 10.8 0.415 7.6 0.831 6.2 1.246 5.4 1.660
* Meters CT appears to shorten due to helical buckling for 1,000 m length.
 Period & Shortening due to Helical Buckling (CONT)
Metric Units

Effective Axial Force (kg)

500 1,000 2,500 5,000 7,500 10,000
Hole HBL HBL Length Length Length Length Length Length
CT OD Wall Period Period Period Period Period Period
ID (air) (water) Change Change Change Change Change Change
mm mm mm kg kg m m* m m* m m* m m* m m* m m*

50.8 3.40 200 760 708 20.7 0.256 14.6 0.512 9.3 1.280 6.5 2.559 5.3 3.836 4.6 5.112
50.8 4.45 200 951 887 22.9 0.209 16.2 0.418 10.3 1.044 7.3 2.087 5.9 3.128 5.1 4.169
50.8 4.78 200 1,008 940 23.5 0.198 16.6 0.397 10.5 0.991 7.4 1.981 6.1 2.971 5.3 3.959
50.8 5.16 200 1,072 999 24.2 0.188 17.1 0.376 10.8 0.939 7.6 1.878 6.2 2.815 5.4 3.752
61

50.8 3.40 250 658 613 20.7 0.457 14.6 0.913 9.3 2.281 6.5 4.557 5.3 6.828 4.6 9.094
50.8 4.45 250 823 767 22.9 0.372 16.2 0.744 10.3 1.860 7.3 3.717 5.9 5.570 5.1 7.419
50.8 4.78 250 873 813 23.5 0.353 16.6 0.707 10.5 1.766 7.4 3.529 6.1 5.289 5.3 7.046
50.8 5.16 250 928 865 24.2 0.335 17.1 0.670 10.8 1.674 7.6 3.345 6.2 5.013 5.4 6.679

60.3 3.40 100 2,124 1,980 27.2 0.010 19.3 0.021 12.2 0.052 8.6 0.105 7.0 0.157 6.1 0.210
60.3 3.96 100 2,427 2,261 29.0 0.009 20.5 0.019 13.0 0.046 9.2 0.093 7.5 0.139 6.5 0.185
60.3 4.45 100 2,677 2,495 30.3 0.008 21.4 0.017 13.6 0.042 9.6 0.085 7.8 0.127 6.8 0.169
60.3 4.78 100 2,844 2,650 31.2 0.008 22.0 0.016 13.9 0.040 9.9 0.080 8.0 0.120 7.0 0.160
60.3 3.40 150 1,413 1,317 27.2 0.054 19.3 0.107 12.2 0.268 8.6 0.535 7.0 0.803 6.1 1.070
60.3 3.96 150 1,614 1,504 29.0 0.047 20.5 0.095 13.0 0.236 9.2 0.473 7.5 0.709 6.5 0.945

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

60.3 4.45 150 1,781 1,660 30.3 0.043 21.4 0.086 13.6 0.216 9.6 0.432 7.8 0.648 6.8 0.864

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

60.3 4.78 150 1,892 1,763 31.2 0.041 22.0 0.082 13.9 0.204 9.9 0.409 8.0 0.613 7.0 0.817
60.3 3.40 200 1,132 1,055 27.2 0.130 19.3 0.260 12.2 0.649 8.6 1.298 7.0 1.946 6.1 2.594
60.3 3.96 200 1,293 1,205 29.0 0.115 20.5 0.229 13.0 0.573 9.2 1.147 7.5 1.719 6.5 2.292
60.3 4.45 200 1,427 1,330 30.3 0.105 21.4 0.210 13.6 0.524 9.6 1.047 7.8 1.571 6.8 2.094
60.3 4.78 200 1,516 1,413 31.2 0.099 22.0 0.198 13.9 0.496 9.9 0.991 8.0 1.487 7.0 1.982
* Meters CT appears to shorten due to helical buckling for 1,000 m length.
 Period & Shortening due to Helical Buckling (CONT)

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Metric Units

Effective Axial Force (kg)

500 1,000 2,500 5,000 7,500 10,000
Hole HBL HBL Length Length Length Length Length Length
CT OD Wall Period Period Period Period Period Period
ID (air) (water) Change Change Change Change Change Change
mm mm mm kg kg m m* m m* m m* m m* m m* m m*

60.3 3.40 250 972 905 27.2 0.239 19.3 0.479 12.2 1.197 8.6 2.392 7.0 3.585 6.1 4.778
60.3 3.96 250 1,110 1,034 29.0 0.212 20.5 0.423 13.0 1.057 9.2 2.113 7.5 3.169 6.5 4.222
60.3 4.45 250 1,225 1,141 30.3 0.193 21.4 0.386 13.6 0.966 9.6 1.931 7.8 2.895 6.8 3.858
60.3 4.78 250 1,301 1,212 31.2 0.183 22.0 0.366 13.9 0.914 9.9 1.828 8.0 2.740 7.0 3.652

66.7 3.96 100 3,276 3,053 34.0 0.005 24.0 0.009 15.2 0.024 10.7 0.047 8.8 0.071 7.6 0.095
66.7 4.45 100 3,621 3,374 35.6 0.004 25.2 0.009 15.9 0.022 11.3 0.043 9.2 0.065 8.0 0.086
62

66.7 4.78 100 3,850 3,588 36.6 0.004 25.9 0.008 16.4 0.020 11.6 0.041 9.5 0.061 8.2 0.082
66.7 5.16 100 4,109 3,829 37.7 0.004 26.7 0.008 16.9 0.019 11.9 0.039 9.7 0.058 8.4 0.077
66.7 3.96 150 2,072 1,931 34.0 0.030 24.0 0.059 15.2 0.148 10.7 0.297 8.8 0.445 7.6 0.593
66.7 4.45 150 2,290 2,134 35.6 0.027 25.2 0.054 15.9 0.135 11.3 0.270 9.2 0.405 8.0 0.541
66.7 4.78 150 2,435 2,269 36.6 0.026 25.9 0.051 16.4 0.128 11.6 0.255 9.5 0.383 8.2 0.511
66.7 5.16 150 2,598 2,421 37.7 0.024 26.7 0.048 16.9 0.120 11.9 0.241 9.7 0.361 8.4 0.481
66.7 3.96 200 1,638 1,526 34.0 0.076 24.0 0.152 15.2 0.380 10.7 0.759 8.8 1.139 7.6 1.518
66.7 4.45 200 1,810 1,687 35.6 0.069 25.2 0.138 15.9 0.346 11.3 0.692 9.2 1.038 8.0 1.383
66.7 4.78 200 1,925 1,794 36.6 0.065 25.9 0.131 16.4 0.327 11.6 0.654 9.5 0.981 8.2 1.307
66.7 5.16 200 2,054 1,914 37.7 0.062 26.7 0.123 16.9 0.308 11.9 0.616 9.7 0.924 8.4 1.232
66.7 3.96 250 1,397 1,302 34.0 0.144 24.0 0.287 15.2 0.718 10.7 1.435 8.8 2.152 7.6 2.868
66.7 4.45 250 1,544 1,439 35.6 0.131 25.2 0.262 15.9 0.654 11.3 1.308 9.2 1.961 8.0 2.614
66.7 4.78 250 1,642 1,530 36.6 0.124 25.9 0.247 16.4 0.618 11.6 1.236 9.5 1.854 8.2 2.471
66.7 5.16 250 1,752 1,633 37.7 0.117 26.7 0.233 16.9 0.583 11.9 1.165 9.7 1.747 8.4 2.329
* Meters CT appears to shorten due to helical buckling for 1,000 m length.
 Period & Shortening due to Helical Buckling (CONT)
Metric Units

Effective Axial Force (kg)

500 1,000 2,500 5,000 7,500 10,000
Hole HBL HBL Length Length Length Length Length Length
CT OD Wall Period Period Period Period Period Period
ID (air) (water) Change Change Change Change Change Change
mm mm mm kg kg m m* m m* m m* m m* m m* m m*

73.0 3.96 100 4,415 4,114 39.3 0.002 27.8 0.005 17.6 0.012 12.4 0.023 10.1 0.035 8.8 0.047
73.0 4.45 100 4,886 4,553 41.2 0.002 29.1 0.004 18.4 0.011 13.0 0.021 10.6 0.032 9.2 0.042
73.0 4.78 100 5,200 4,846 42.4 0.002 30.0 0.004 18.9 0.010 13.4 0.020 10.9 0.030 9.5 0.040
63

73.0 5.16 100 5,555 5,177 43.7 0.002 30.9 0.004 19.5 0.009 13.8 0.019 11.3 0.028 9.8 0.038
73.0 3.96 150 2,613 2,435 39.3 0.019 27.8 0.038 17.6 0.095 12.4 0.190 10.1 0.285 8.8 0.379
73.0 4.45 150 2,892 2,695 41.2 0.017 29.1 0.035 18.4 0.086 13.0 0.173 10.6 0.259 9.2 0.345
73.0 4.78 150 3,078 2,869 42.4 0.016 30.0 0.033 18.9 0.081 13.4 0.163 10.9 0.244 9.5 0.326
73.0 5.16 150 3,288 3,064 43.7 0.015 30.9 0.031 19.5 0.077 13.8 0.153 11.3 0.230 9.8 0.306
73.0 3.96 200 2,035 1,896 39.3 0.052 27.8 0.103 17.6 0.258 12.4 0.516 10.1 0.774 8.8 1.032
73.0 4.45 200 2,252 2,099 41.2 0.047 29.1 0.094 18.4 0.235 13.0 0.469 10.6 0.704 9.2 0.939
73.0 4.78 200 2,397 2,234 42.4 0.044 30.0 0.089 18.9 0.222 13.4 0.443 10.9 0.664 9.5 0.886
73.0 5.16 200 2,560 2,386 43.7 0.042 30.9 0.083 19.5 0.208 13.8 0.417 11.3 0.625 9.8 0.834
73.0 3.96 250 1,724 1,606 39.3 0.100 27.8 0.201 17.6 0.501 12.4 1.002 10.1 1.503 8.8 2.004
73.0 4.45 250 1,907 1,778 41.2 0.091 29.1 0.182 18.4 0.456 13.0 0.912 10.6 1.367 9.2 1.823

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

73.0 4.78 250 2,030 1,892 42.4 0.086 30.0 0.172 18.9 0.430 13.4 0.860 10.9 1.290 9.5 1.720

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

73.0 5.16 250 2,169 2,021 43.7 0.081 30.9 0.162 19.5 0.405 13.8 0.810 11.3 1.214 9.8 1.619

88.9 4.45 100 11,542 10,756 56.2 0.000 39.7 0.000 25.1 0.001 17.8 0.002 14.5 0.003 12.6 0.004
88.9 5.16 100 13,171 12,274 59.8 0.000 42.3 0.000 26.7 0.001 18.9 0.002 15.4 0.003 13.4 0.003
88.9 5.69 100 14,356 13,378 62.3 0.000 44.0 0.000 27.8 0.001 19.7 0.002 16.1 0.002 13.9 0.003
* Meters CT appears to shorten due to helical buckling for 1,000 m length.
 Period & Shortening due to Helical Buckling (CONT)

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Metric Units

Effective Axial Force (kg)

500 1,000 2,500 5,000 7,500 10,000
Hole HBL HBL Length Length Length Length Length Length
CT OD Wall Period Period Period Period Period Period
ID (air) (water) Change Change Change Change Change Change
mm mm mm kg kg m m* m m* m m* m m* m m* m m*

88.9 6.35 100 15,778 14,704 65.0 0.000 46.0 0.000 29.1 0.001 20.6 0.001 16.8 0.002 14.5 0.003
88.9 4.45 150 4,920 4,585 56.2 0.006 39.7 0.012 25.1 0.029 17.8 0.058 14.5 0.087 12.6 0.117
88.9 5.16 150 5,614 5,232 59.8 0.005 42.3 0.010 26.7 0.026 18.9 0.051 15.4 0.077 13.4 0.103
88.9 5.69 150 6,119 5,702 62.3 0.005 44.0 0.010 27.8 0.024 19.7 0.048 16.1 0.071 13.9 0.095
88.9 6.35 150 6,725 6,267 65.0 0.004 46.0 0.009 29.1 0.022 20.6 0.044 16.8 0.065 14.5 0.087
88.9 4.45 200 3,648 3,400 56.2 0.019 39.7 0.039 25.1 0.096 17.8 0.193 14.5 0.289 12.6 0.385
88.9 5.16 200 4,163 3,880 59.8 0.017 42.3 0.034 26.7 0.085 18.9 0.170 15.4 0.255 13.4 0.340
64

88.9 5.69 200 4,538 4,229 62.3 0.016 44.0 0.031 27.8 0.079 19.7 0.157 16.1 0.236 13.9 0.314
88.9 6.35 200 4,987 4,648 65.0 0.014 46.0 0.029 29.1 0.072 20.6 0.144 16.8 0.216 14.5 0.288
88.9 4.45 250 3,030 2,823 56.2 0.041 39.7 0.081 25.1 0.203 17.8 0.405 14.5 0.608 12.6 0.810
88.9 5.16 250 3,457 3,222 59.8 0.036 42.3 0.072 26.7 0.179 18.9 0.358 15.4 0.537 13.4 0.716
88.9 5.69 250 3,768 3,512 62.3 0.033 44.0 0.066 27.8 0.165 19.7 0.330 16.1 0.495 13.9 0.661
88.9 6.35 250 4,142 3,860 65.0 0.030 46.0 0.061 29.1 0.151 20.6 0.303 16.8 0.454 14.5 0.605

114.3 5.18 150 12,521 11,669 89.1 0.001 63.0 0.002 39.9 0.004 28.2 0.008 23.0 0.012 19.9 0.016
114.3 5.69 150 13,624 12,697 92.7 0.001 65.6 0.001 41.5 0.004 29.3 0.007 23.9 0.011 20.7 0.015
114.3 6.35 150 15,027 14,004 97.1 0.001 68.7 0.001 43.4 0.003 30.7 0.007 25.1 0.010 21.7 0.013
114.3 5.18 200 8,081 7,531 89.1 0.005 63.0 0.009 39.9 0.023 28.2 0.046 23.0 0.068 19.9 0.091
114.3 5.69 200 8,793 8,195 92.7 0.004 65.6 0.008 41.5 0.021 29.3 0.042 23.9 0.063 20.7 0.084
114.3 6.35 200 9,699 9,038 97.1 0.004 68.7 0.008 43.4 0.019 30.7 0.038 25.1 0.058 21.7 0.077
114.3 5.18 250 6,422 5,985 89.1 0.011 63.0 0.023 39.9 0.057 28.2 0.114 23.0 0.172 19.9 0.229
* Meters CT appears to shorten due to helical buckling for 1,000 m length.
 Period & Shortening due to Helical Buckling (CONT)
Metric Units

Effective Axial Force (kg)

500 1,000 2,500 5,000 7,500 10,000
Hole HBL HBL Length Length Length Length Length Length
CT OD Wall Period Period Period Period Period Period
ID (air) (water) Change Change Change Change Change Change
mm mm mm kg kg m m* m m* m m* m m* m m* m m*

114.3 5.69 250 6,988 6,512 92.7 0.011 65.6 0.021 41.5 0.053 29.3 0.106 23.9 0.158 20.7 0.211
114.3 6.35 250 7,707 7,183 97.1 0.010 68.7 0.019 43.4 0.048 30.7 0.096 25.1 0.144 21.7 0.193
* Meters CT appears to shorten due to helical buckling for 1,000 m length.
65

Depth Correction & Stuck Point

Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Depth Correction & Stuck Point

This page left blank for printing purposes.

66
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Helical Lockup

Helical Lockup
When compressive axial forces in excess of the helical buckling load are applied to CT in a
hole, the CT buckles into a helical shape. This helical shape causes additional radial wall
contact forces, which causes additional friction. After the CT becomes helically buckled,
frictin increases as the square of the axial force. A point is reached at which this becomes a
vicious-circle and any additional axial force is lost due to the additional friction. This locking
of the CT in the hole is called helical lockup.

Helical lockup is not dangerous, in that it usually does no damage to the CT. However, it is
limiting because it limits the amount of force that can be applied at the end of the CT or it lim-
its how far CT can be pushed in a horizontal well.

Modeling of this helical lockup is complicated. It is not possible to prepare a few tables that
show when helical lockup will occur. The graphs in this section of the paper were prepared
using the Cerberus™ Coiled Tubing Modeling software written by CTES, L.C. These graphs
may be used only as guides to give an indication of the effect of helical lockup. A computer
model such as Cerberus™ must be used for specific situations.

Horizontal Reach. The following horizontal reach graphs show how far CT can be
pushed in a straight horizontal cased hole. The CT, with no tool on the end, is pushed until
helical lockup occurs, limiting further penetration. The density of the fluid in the well and in
the CT affects the buoyant weight and thus the possible horizontal reach. Two fluid densi-
ties were used, 0 and 8.6 pounds per gallon (ppg). Four curves are shown on each graph
for the four possible combinations of these two fluid densities in the two conduits (the CT
and the well). The following points must be taken into consideration in using these graphs:

• These graphs are given for only one wall thickness for each CT size. Changing the
wall thickness has a minimal impact on the horizontal reach.
• The friction coefficients used in these calculations are the coefficients which CTES
has found to be conservative in cased hole and pipeline applications.
• These curves assume that all of the force required to push the CT is available at the
input end of the hole. In many horizontal well applications it is not possible to trans-
fer enough axial force to the beginning of the horizontal section of the well to push
the CT all the way to helical lockup..
Maximum Weight. The following maximum weight graphs show the maximum downhole
force that the CT can apply in a vertical cased hole. Weight is set down on the CT with no
tool on the end until helical lockup occurs. The maximum weights shown in these graphs
are the force on the end of the CT when helical lockup occurs. The following points must be
considered in using these graphs:

• These graphs are given for only one wall thickness for each CT size. Increasing the
wall thickness will increase the maximum weight, and decreasing the wall thickness
will decrease the maximum weight.
• The friction coefficients used in these calculations are the coefficients that CTES has
found to be conservative in cased hole applications.
• The maximum weight is independent of the well depth as long as the well is deep
enough for the helical lockup to occur.

1
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Helical Lockup

Horizontal Reach
1.00” x 0.095” Coiled Tubing

12.00

11.00

10.00

9.00
Hole Diameter (in)

8.00

7.00

6.00

5.00

4.00

3.00

2.00
1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000 5,500 6,000 6,500 7,000 7,500

Lockup Depth (ft)

CT - 0 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 0 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg

CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg

25.4mm x 2.41mm Coiled Tubing

300.00

250.00
Hole Diameter (mm)

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00
500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,000

Lockup Depth (m)

CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3

CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3

2
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Helical Lockup

1.25” x 0.109” Coiled Tubing

12.00

11.00

10.00

9.00
Hole Diameter (in)

8.00

7.00

6.00

5.00

4.00

3.00

2.00
2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 11000

Lockup Depth
CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 0 ppg, Well - 0 ppg
CT - 0 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg

31.8mm x 2.77mm Coiled Tubing

300.00

250.00
Hole Diameter (mm)

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00
500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000

Lockup Depth (m)

CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3
CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3

3
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Helical Lockup

1.50” x 0.125” Coiled Tubing

12.00

11.00

10.00

9.00
Hole Diameter (in)

8.00

7.00

6.00

5.00

4.00

3.00

2.00
2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 11000 12000 13000 14000 15000 16000

Lockup Depth
CT - 0 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 0 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg
CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg

38.1mm x 3.18mm Coiled Tubing

300.00

250.00
Hole Diameter (mm)

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00
500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000

Lockup Depth (m)

CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3
CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3

4
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Helical Lockup

1.75” x 0.134” Coiled Tubing

12.00

11.00

10.00

9.00
Hole Diameter (in)

8.00

7.00

6.00

5.00

4.00

3.00
2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000 11,000 12,000

Lockup Depth (ft)

CT - 0 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 0 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg
CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg

44.mm x 3.40mm Coiled Tubing

300.00

250.00
Hole Diameter (mm)

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00
500 1,500 2,500 3,500 4,500 5,500 6,500 7,500

Lockup Depth (m)

CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3
CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3

5
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Helical Lockup

2.00” x 0.156” Coiled Tubing

12.00

11.00

10.00

9.00
Hole Diameter (in)

8.00

7.00

6.00

5.00

4.00

3.00
2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000 11,000 12,000 13,000 14,000 15,000

Lockup Depth (ft)

CT - 0 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 0 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg
CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg

50.8mm x 3.96mm Coiled Tubing

300.00

250.00
Hole Diameter (mm)

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00
500 1,500 2,500 3,500 4,500

Lockup Depth (m)

CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3
CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3

6
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Helical Lockup

2.375” x 0.175” Coiled Tubing

12.00

11.00

10.00

9.00
Hole Diameter (in)

8.00

7.00

6.00

5.00

4.00

3.00
3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000 11,000 12,000 13,000 14,000 15,000 16,000 17,000 18,000 19,000 20,000

Lockup Depth (ft)

CT - 0 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 0 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg
CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg

60.3mm x 4.45mm Coiled Tubing

300.00

250.00
Hole Diameter (mm)

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00
1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000

Lockup Depth (m)

CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3
CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3

7
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Helical Lockup

2.875” x 0.203” Coiled Tubing

12.00

11.00

10.00

9.00
Hole Diameter (in)

8.00

7.00

6.00

5.00

4.00

3.00
3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000 11,000 12,000 13,000 14,000 15,000 16,000 17,000 18,000 19,000 20,000

Lockup Depth (ft)

CT - 0 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 0 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg
CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg

73mm x 5.16mm Coiled Tubing

350.00

300.00

250.00
Hole Diameter (mm)

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00
1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000

Lockup Depth (m)

CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3
CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3

8
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Helical Lockup

Maximum Weight
1.00” x 0.095” Coiled Tubing

12.00

11.00

10.00

9.00
Hole Diameter (in)

8.00

7.00

6.00

5.00

4.00

3.00

2.00
300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1,000 1,100 1,200 1,300 1,400

Maximum Weight (lb)

CT - 0 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 0 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg
CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg

25.4mm x 2.41mm Coiled Tubing

350.00

300.00

250.00
Hole Diameter (mm)

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700

Maximum Weight (kg)

CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3
CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3

9
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Helical Lockup

.25” x 0.109” Coiled Tubing

12.00

11.00

10.00

9.00
Hole Diameter (in)

8.00

7.00

6.00

5.00

4.00

3.00

2.00
500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,000 2,250 2,500 2,750 3,000

Maximum Weight (lb)

CT - 0 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 0 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg
CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg

31.8mm x 2.77mm Coiled Tubing

350.00

300.00

250.00
Hole Diameter (mm)

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00
200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1,000 1,100 1,200 1,300 1,400 1,500

Maximum Weight (kg)

CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3
CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3

10
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Helical Lockup

1.50” x 0.125” Coiled Tubing

12.00

11.00

10.00

9.00
Hole Diameter (in)

8.00

7.00

6.00

5.00

4.00

3.00

2.00
500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000 5,500 6,000

Maximum Weight (lb)

CT - 0 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 0 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg
CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg

38.1mm x 3.18mm Coiled Tubing

350.00

300.00

250.00
Hole Diameter (mm)

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00
500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000

Maximum Weight (kg)

CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3
CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3

11
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Helical Lockup

1.75” x 0.134” Coiled Tubing

12.00

11.00

10.00

9.00
Hole Diameter (in)

8.00

7.00

6.00

5.00

4.00

3.00

2.00
1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000 5,500 6,000 6,500 7,000

Maximum Weight (lb)

CT - 0 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 0 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg
CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg

44.5mm x 3.40mm Coiled Tubing

350.00

300.00

250.00
Hole Diameter (mm)

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00
500 1,500 2,500 3,500 4,500 5,500 6,500

Maximum Weight (kg)

CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3
CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3

12
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Helical Lockup

2.0” x 0.156” Coiled Tubing

12.00

11.00

10.00

9.00
Hole Diameter (in)

8.00

7.00

6.00

5.00

4.00

3.00
2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000

Maximum Weight (lb)

CT - 0 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 0 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg
CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg

50.85mm x 3.96mm Coiled Tubing

350.00

300.00

250.00
Hole Diameter (mm)

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00
500 1,500 2,500 3,500 4,500

Maximum Weight (kg)

CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3
CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3

13
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Helical Lockup

2.375” x 0.175” Coiled Tubing

12.00

11.00

10.00

9.00
Hole Diameter (in)

8.00

7.00

6.00

5.00

4.00

3.00
3,000 5,000 7,000 9,000 11,000 13,000 15,000 17,000 19,000

Maximum Weight (lb)

CT - 0 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 0 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg
CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg

60.3mm x 4.45mm Coiled Tubing

350.00

300.00

250.00
Hole Diameter (mm)

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00
1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000

Maximum Weight (kg)

CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3
CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3

14
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Helical Lockup

2.875” x 0.203” Coiled Tubing

12.00

11.00

10.00

9.00
Hole Diameter (in)

8.00

7.00

6.00

5.00

4.00

3.00
5,000 8,000 11,000 14,000 17,000 20,000 23,000 26,000 29,000 32,000 35,000

Maximum Weight (lb)

CT - 0 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 0 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg
CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 0 ppg CT - 8.6 ppg, Well - 8.6 ppg

73mm x 5.16mm Coiled Tubing

350.00

300.00

250.00
Hole Diameter (mm)

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00
2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000 11,000 12,000 13,000 14,000 15,000 16,000 17,000

Maximum Weight (kg)

CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 0 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3
CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 0 kg/m3 CT - 1031 kg/m3, Well - 1031 kg/m3

15
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Helical Lockup

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16
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Catastrophic Buckling

Catastrophic Buckling
It is possible for catastrophic buckling of the CT to occur in the unsupported length between
the bottom of the injector chains and the top of the stripper when snubbing into a well as
shown in the following picture.

The Catastrophic Buckling tables are used to calculate the amount of axial compressive
load that can safely be applied to the CT in this unsupported length.

To use these tables:

1. Measure the unsupported length, defined as the vertical length from the top of the
stripper guide to the centerline of the lower chain sprockets.
2. Look up the value from the table in the appropriate unsupported length column for the
CT size of interest.
3. Multiply the value from the table by the yield strength of the CT material. For the
English units table the yield strength must be in psi. For the Metric units table the
yield strength must be in MPa. The result is the maximum safe axial compressive
load (including a 50% safety factor) in the unsupported section in pounds for the
English units and Newtons for the Metric table.
Example
The unsupported length is 14 inches for 1.5" diameter, 0.109" wall CT with a yield strength of
80,000 psi. The value from the English units table is 0.1381. 80,000 X 0.1381 = 11,048 lb.
In Metric the unsupported length is 350 mm for 38.10 mm diameter, 2.77 mm wall CT with a yield
strength of 552 MPa. The value from the Metric units table is 90.3. 552 X 90.3 = 49,845 Newtons.

Equations
The equation for the radius of gyration is:

rg = 1
2 ro2 + ri2

1
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Catastrophic Buckling

The equation for the slenderness ratio is:

ξ = L rg
The equation for the buckling load is:

Pb A
=
σ y 1 + ( 0.03ξ )2
This value is multiplied by 0.5 to provide a factor of safety of 2.

Nomenclature

A = cross sectional area of the CT wall = Ao - AI

L = length of the unsupported CT section
rI = internal radius of the CT
ro = external radius of the CT
rg = radius of gyration of the CT
Pb = buckling load
ξ = slenderness ratio
σy = yield stress of the CT

References
Newman, K., Aasen, J.: “Catastrophic Buckling of Coiled Tubing in the Injector,” SPE
46007, SPE/ICoTA Coiled Tubing Roundtable, Houston, Texas, 15-16 April 1998

2
 Catastrophic Buckling
English Units **

Unsupported Length (in)

Outside Wall
Diameter Thickness 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
(in) (in)
in2 * 2
in * 2
in * 2
in * 2
in * 2
in * 2
in * 2
in * 2
in * 2
in * in2 *

1.000 0.087 0.1097 0.0954 0.0806 0.0672 0.0559 0.0466 0.0391 0.0331 0.0282 0.0243 0.0210
1.000 0.095 0.1186 0.1029 0.0868 0.0722 0.0600 0.0499 0.0419 0.0354 0.0302 0.0259 0.0225
1.000 0.102 0.1261 0.1092 0.0920 0.0765 0.0634 0.0527 0.0442 0.0373 0.0318 0.0273 0.0237
1.000 0.109 0.1335 0.1154 0.0971 0.0806 0.0667 0.0554 0.0464 0.0392 0.0334 0.0286 0.0248

1.250 0.087 0.1465 0.1335 0.1187 0.1039 0.0902 0.0780 0.0675 0.0585 0.0510 0.0446 0.0393
1.250 0.095 0.1587 0.1445 0.1283 0.1122 0.0973 0.0840 0.0727 0.0630 0.0548 0.0479 0.0422
3

1.250 0.102 0.1693 0.1539 0.1366 0.1193 0.1033 0.0892 0.0770 0.0667 0.0581 0.0508 0.0446
1.250 0.109 0.1796 0.1632 0.1446 0.1262 0.1092 0.0942 0.0813 0.0704 0.0612 0.0535 0.0470
1.250 0.118 0.1927 0.1748 0.1548 0.1349 0.1165 0.1004 0.0866 0.0749 0.0651 0.0569 0.0499
1.250 0.125 0.2027 0.1837 0.1625 0.1414 0.1221 0.1051 0.0906 0.0783 0.0680 0.0594 0.0521
1.250 0.134 0.2153 0.1949 0.1721 0.1496 0.1290 0.1110 0.0955 0.0825 0.0716 0.0625 0.0549
1.250 0.145 0.2303 0.2082 0.1836 0.1593 0.1372 0.1178 0.1013 0.0874 0.0758 0.0661 0.0580
1.250 0.156 0.2450 0.2211 0.1946 0.1686 0.1450 0.1244 0.1068 0.0921 0.0798 0.0696 0.0610
1.250 0.175 0.2693 0.2425 0.2128 0.1839 0.1577 0.1350 0.1157 0.0996 0.0862 0.0750 0.0657

1.500 0.095 0.1982 0.1854 0.1701 0.1538 0.1377 0.1225 0.1087 0.0963 0.0855 0.0760 0.0678
1.500 0.102 0.2116 0.1979 0.1814 0.1639 0.1466 0.1304 0.1156 0.1024 0.0908 0.0808 0.0720
1.500 0.109 0.2249 0.2102 0.1926 0.1739 0.1554 0.1381 0.1223 0.1083 0.0961 0.0854 0.0761
1.500 0.118 0.2417 0.2257 0.2067 0.1864 0.1665 0.1478 0.1308 0.1158 0.1026 0.0911 0.0812
1.500 0.125 0.2546 0.2377 0.2174 0.1960 0.1749 0.1551 0.1373 0.1214 0.1075 0.0955 0.0850
1.500 0.134 0.2710 0.2527 0.2310 0.2080 0.1855 0.1644 0.1453 0.1285 0.1137 0.1009 0.0898

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

1.500 0.145 0.2906 0.2708 0.2473 0.2224 0.1980 0.1754 0.1549 0.1368 0.1210 0.1073 0.0955
1.500 0.156 0.3098 0.2885 0.2631 0.2364 0.2103 0.1860 0.1641 0.1448 0.1280 0.1134 0.1009

Catastrophic Buckling
1.500 0.175 0.3422 0.3181 0.2895 0.2596 0.2305 0.2035 0.1793 0.1579 0.1394 0.1234 0.1097

1.750 0.102 0.2533 0.2411 0.2259 0.2089 0.1913 0.1740 0.1575 0.1423 0.1284 0.1159 0.1047
1.750 0.109 0.2695 0.2564 0.2401 0.2219 0.2031 0.1846 0.1671 0.1509 0.1361 0.1228 0.1109
* Multiply by the yield stress in pounds per square inch (psi) to obtain the compressive force in pounds.
** Includes 50% safety factor
 Catastrophic Buckling (CONT)

Catastrophic Buckling
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
English Units **

Unsupported Length (in)

Outside Wall
Diameter Thickness 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
(in) (in)
in2 * 2
in * 2
in * 2
in * 2
in * 2
in * 2
in * 2
in * 2
in * 2
in * in2 *

1.750 0.118 0.2900 0.2758 0.2581 0.2384 0.2181 0.1981 0.1792 0.1617 0.1457 0.1314 0.1187
1.750 0.125 0.3058 0.2907 0.2719 0.2510 0.2295 0.2084 0.1884 0.1699 0.1531 0.1380 0.1246
1.750 0.134 0.3259 0.3096 0.2894 0.2670 0.2440 0.2213 0.2000 0.1802 0.1623 0.1463 0.1320
1.750 0.145 0.3500 0.3324 0.3105 0.2862 0.2613 0.2369 0.2138 0.1926 0.1733 0.1561 0.1408
1.750 0.156 0.3738 0.3548 0.3311 0.3050 0.2782 0.2520 0.2273 0.2046 0.1840 0.1656 0.1493
1.750 0.175 0.4140 0.3924 0.3658 0.3365 0.3064 0.2772 0.2497 0.2245 0.2017 0.1813 0.1633
1.750 0.188 0.4408 0.4175 0.3889 0.3573 0.3251 0.2938 0.2644 0.2375 0.2132 0.1916 0.1724

2.000 0.109 0.3137 0.3020 0.2869 0.2697 0.2512 0.2324 0.2139 0.1962 0.1796 0.1642 0.1502
2.000 0.118 0.3379 0.3251 0.3088 0.2901 0.2701 0.2497 0.2297 0.2106 0.1927 0.1762 0.1610
2.000 0.125 0.3565 0.3430 0.3257 0.3058 0.2846 0.2630 0.2419 0.2217 0.2028 0.1853 0.1693
4

2.000 0.134 0.3803 0.3657 0.3471 0.3258 0.3030 0.2799 0.2573 0.2357 0.2155 0.1968 0.1798
2.000 0.145 0.4089 0.3931 0.3729 0.3498 0.3251 0.3002 0.2757 0.2524 0.2306 0.2106 0.1922
2.000 0.156 0.4372 0.4201 0.3983 0.3734 0.3469 0.3200 0.2938 0.2688 0.2454 0.2240 0.2044
2.000 0.175 0.4850 0.4658 0.4412 0.4132 0.3834 0.3533 0.3240 0.2961 0.2702 0.2463 0.2246
2.000 0.188 0.5171 0.4963 0.4699 0.4397 0.4077 0.3754 0.3440 0.3142 0.2865 0.2610 0.2379
2.000 0.203 0.5535 0.5309 0.5022 0.4696 0.4351 0.4003 0.3665 0.3344 0.3047 0.2774 0.2526

2.375 0.125 0.4320 0.4203 0.4050 0.3869 0.3669 0.3457 0.3241 0.3027 0.2819 0.2620 0.2432
2.375 0.134 0.4612 0.4486 0.4322 0.4127 0.3912 0.3685 0.3454 0.3225 0.3002 0.2789 0.2588
2.375 0.145 0.4965 0.4829 0.4650 0.4439 0.4206 0.3960 0.3710 0.3462 0.3221 0.2992 0.2775
2.375 0.156 0.5314 0.5167 0.4974 0.4747 0.4496 0.4231 0.3962 0.3695 0.3437 0.3191 0.2958
2.375 0.175 0.5908 0.5742 0.5525 0.5269 0.4986 0.4689 0.4387 0.4089 0.3800 0.3525 0.3266
2.375 0.188 0.6308 0.6129 0.5895 0.5619 0.5315 0.4995 0.4671 0.4352 0.4042 0.3748 0.3471
2.375 0.203 0.6762 0.6568 0.6314 0.6016 0.5687 0.5342 0.4992 0.4648 0.4315 0.3998 0.3701
2.375 0.236 0.7737 0.7509 0.7212 0.6863 0.6479 0.6077 0.5672 0.5273 0.4889 0.4525 0.4183

2.625 0.145 0.5545 0.5421 0.5256 0.5058 0.4836 0.4597 0.4350 0.4099 0.3851 0.3610 0.3378
* Multiply by the yield stress in pounds per square inch (psi) to obtain the compressive force in pounds.
** Includes 50% safety factor
 Catastrophic Buckling (CONT)
English Units **

Unsupported Length (in)

Outside Wall
Diameter Thickness 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
(in) (in)
in2 * 2
in * 2
in * 2
in * 2
in * 2
in * 2
in * 2
in * 2
in * 2
in * in2 *

2.625 0.156 0.5938 0.5804 0.5627 0.5413 0.5174 0.4917 0.4650 0.4380 0.4114 0.3855 0.3606
2.625 0.175 0.6609 0.6457 0.6257 0.6017 0.5747 0.5458 0.5159 0.4857 0.4559 0.4269 0.3991
2.625 0.188 0.7061 0.6897 0.6681 0.6423 0.6132 0.5822 0.5500 0.5176 0.4856 0.4545 0.4248
2.625 0.203 0.7575 0.7398 0.7164 0.6884 0.6570 0.6234 0.5886 0.5537 0.5192 0.4858 0.4538
2.625 0.236 0.8683 0.8475 0.8201 0.7873 0.7506 0.7114 0.6710 0.6304 0.5905 0.5519 0.5150

2.875 0.156 0.6561 0.6438 0.6273 0.6073 0.5846 0.5598 0.5337 0.5069 0.4799 0.4533 0.4273
5

2.875 0.175 0.7307 0.7168 0.6982 0.6757 0.6501 0.6222 0.5929 0.5628 0.5327 0.5028 0.4738
2.875 0.188 0.7811 0.7661 0.7461 0.7219 0.6943 0.6643 0.6327 0.6004 0.5680 0.5360 0.5049
2.875 0.203 0.8386 0.8223 0.8006 0.7744 0.7445 0.7121 0.6780 0.6431 0.6081 0.5736 0.5401
2.875 0.236 0.9625 0.9435 0.9180 0.8873 0.8524 0.8146 0.7749 0.7343 0.6937 0.6538 0.6150

3.500 0.156 0.8111 0.8009 0.7871 0.7700 0.7500 0.7278 0.7037 0.6782 0.6519 0.6251 0.5981
3.500 0.175 0.9046 0.8931 0.8775 0.8583 0.8358 0.8108 0.7837 0.7551 0.7255 0.6954 0.6652
3.500 0.188 0.9679 0.9556 0.9388 0.9180 0.8939 0.8669 0.8377 0.8070 0.7752 0.7428 0.7104
3.500 0.203 1.0403 1.0269 1.0087 0.9862 0.9601 0.9309 0.8994 0.8661 0.8318 0.7968 0.7618
3.500 0.236 1.1971 1.1814 1.1601 1.1338 1.1032 1.0691 1.0323 0.9936 0.9536 0.9129 0.8722

4.500 0.204 1.3681 1.3576 1.3432 1.3250 1.3036 1.2790 1.2519 1.2225 1.1912 1.1584 1.1245
4.500 0.224 1.4952 1.4836 1.4677 1.4477 1.4240 1.3970 1.3671 1.3347 1.3003 1.2643 1.2270
4.500 0.236 1.5708 1.5585 1.5417 1.5207 1.4957 1.4672 1.4356 1.4014 1.3651 1.3271 1.2878
4.500 0.250 1.6584 1.6454 1.6276 1.6052 1.5787 1.5484 1.5149 1.4787 1.4401 1.3998 1.3582

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

6.625 0.280 2.7827 2.7729 2.7592 2.7417 2.7207 2.6963 2.6687 2.6381 2.6047 2.5688 2.5305

Catastrophic Buckling
6.625 0.300 2.9720 2.9614 2.9467 2.9280 2.9055 2.8792 2.8496 2.8167 2.7808 2.7423 2.7012
* Multiply by the yield stress in pounds per square inch (psi) to obtain the compressive force in pounds.
** Includes 50% safety factor
 Catastrophic Buckling

Catastrophic Buckling
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Metric Units **

Unsupported Length (mm)

Outside Wall
Diameter Thickness 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600
(mm) (mm)
mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 *

25.40 2.210 71.1 62.0 52.6 44.0 36.7 30.7 25.8 21.8 18.6 16.1 13.9
25.40 2.413 76.8 66.9 56.6 47.3 39.4 32.9 27.6 23.4 19.9 17.2 14.9
25.40 2.591 81.7 71.0 60.0 50.1 41.6 34.7 29.1 24.6 21.0 18.1 15.7
25.40 2.769 86.4 75.0 63.3 52.8 43.8 36.5 30.6 25.9 22.1 19.0 16.4

31.75 2.210 94.8 86.6 77.2 67.8 59.0 51.1 44.3 38.5 33.6 29.4 25.9
31.75 2.413 102.7 93.7 83.5 73.2 63.6 55.1 47.7 41.5 36.1 31.6 27.9
31.75 2.591 109.5 99.8 88.8 77.8 67.6 58.5 50.6 43.9 38.3 33.5 29.5
31.75 2.769 116.2 105.8 94.1 82.3 71.4 61.8 53.4 46.3 40.3 35.3 31.1
31.75 2.997 124.6 113.4 100.7 88.0 76.2 65.9 56.9 49.3 42.9 37.5 33.0
6

31.75 3.175 131.1 119.2 105.7 92.3 79.9 68.9 59.5 51.6 44.8 39.2 34.5
31.75 3.404 139.2 126.4 112.0 97.6 84.4 72.8 62.8 54.3 47.2 41.3 36.3
31.75 3.683 149.0 135.1 119.4 104.0 89.8 77.3 66.6 57.6 50.0 43.7 38.3
31.75 3.962 158.5 143.5 126.7 110.1 94.9 81.6 70.2 60.7 52.7 45.9 40.3
31.75 4.445 174.3 157.3 138.5 120.1 103.2 88.6 76.1 65.6 56.9 49.6 43.5

38.10 2.413 128.1 120.1 110.4 100.1 89.8 80.1 71.2 63.2 56.2 50.1 44.7
38.10 2.591 136.7 128.1 117.8 106.6 95.6 85.2 75.7 67.2 59.7 53.2 47.5
38.10 2.769 145.3 136.1 125.0 113.1 101.4 90.3 80.1 71.1 63.1 56.2 50.2
38.10 2.997 156.2 146.2 134.1 121.3 108.6 96.6 85.7 76.0 67.4 60.0 53.5
38.10 3.175 164.5 153.9 141.1 127.5 114.1 101.4 89.9 79.7 70.7 62.9 56.0
38.10 3.404 175.1 163.7 150.0 135.4 121.0 107.5 95.2 84.3 74.8 66.4 59.2
38.10 3.683 187.8 175.4 160.5 144.7 129.2 114.7 101.5 89.8 79.6 70.7 62.9
38.10 3.962 200.3 186.8 170.8 153.9 137.2 121.6 107.6 95.1 84.2 74.7 66.5
38.10 4.445 221.2 206.0 188.0 169.0 150.4 133.1 117.5 103.7 91.7 81.3 72.3

44.45 2.591 163.7 156.0 146.4 135.6 124.5 113.5 102.9 93.1 84.2 76.1 68.9
* Multiply by the yield stress in Mega Pascals to obtain the compressive force in Newtons.
** Includes 50% safety factor
 Catastrophic Buckling (CONT)
Metric Units **

Unsupported Length (mm)

Outside Wall
Diameter Thickness 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600
(mm) (mm)
mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 *

44.45 2.769 174.1 165.9 155.6 144.1 132.2 120.4 109.2 98.8 89.2 80.6 72.9
44.45 2.997 187.4 178.4 167.3 154.8 141.9 129.2 117.1 105.8 95.6 86.3 78.0
44.45 3.175 197.6 188.1 176.2 163.0 149.4 135.9 123.1 111.2 100.4 90.6 81.9
44.45 3.404 210.5 200.3 187.6 173.4 158.8 144.4 130.7 118.0 106.5 96.1 86.8
44.45 3.683 226.1 215.1 201.3 185.9 170.1 154.5 139.8 126.1 113.7 102.5 92.6
44.45 3.962 241.5 229.5 214.6 198.1 181.1 164.4 148.6 134.0 120.7 108.8 98.2
44.45 4.445 267.4 253.9 237.2 218.6 199.5 180.9 163.2 147.0 132.3 119.1 107.4
7

44.45 4.775 284.8 270.2 252.1 232.2 211.7 191.7 172.9 155.6 139.9 125.9 113.4

50.80 2.769 202.6 195.2 185.8 174.9 163.2 151.3 139.5 128.2 117.5 107.6 98.5
50.80 2.997 218.2 210.2 200.0 188.1 175.5 162.6 149.8 137.6 126.1 115.4 105.7
50.80 3.175 230.2 221.8 210.9 198.3 184.9 171.2 157.8 144.8 132.7 121.4 111.1
50.80 3.404 245.6 236.4 224.7 211.3 196.9 182.2 167.8 154.0 141.0 129.0 118.0
50.80 3.683 264.1 254.1 241.5 226.9 211.3 195.4 179.8 164.9 150.9 138.0 126.2
50.80 3.962 282.3 271.6 257.9 242.2 225.4 208.4 191.6 175.6 160.6 146.8 134.1
50.80 4.445 313.3 301.2 285.7 268.0 249.2 230.1 211.4 193.5 176.9 161.5 147.4
50.80 4.775 334.0 320.9 304.3 285.3 265.0 244.5 224.5 205.4 187.6 171.1 156.2
50.80 5.156 357.5 343.3 325.3 304.7 282.8 260.7 239.1 218.6 199.5 181.9 165.9

60.33 3.175 278.9 271.6 262.0 250.6 238.0 224.6 210.9 197.2 184.0 171.2 159.1
60.33 3.404 297.7 289.9 279.6 267.3 253.8 239.4 224.7 210.1 195.9 182.2 169.3
60.33 3.683 320.5 312.0 300.8 287.5 272.8 257.3 241.4 225.6 210.2 195.5 181.6

Pipe Data Tables & Charts

60.33 3.962 343.1 333.9 321.8 307.5 291.6 274.9 257.8 240.8 224.3 208.5 193.6
60.33 4.445 381.4 371.0 357.4 341.3 323.5 304.7 285.5 266.5 248.1 230.4 213.8

Catastrophic Buckling
60.33 4.775 407.2 396.0 381.3 364.0 344.8 324.6 304.0 283.6 263.9 245.0 227.2
60.33 5.156 436.6 424.4 408.5 389.7 369.0 347.1 324.9 303.0 281.7 261.4 242.3
60.33 5.994 499.5 485.3 466.6 444.6 420.4 395.0 369.2 343.8 319.2 295.9 273.9
* Multiply by the yield stress in Mega Pascals to obtain the compressive force in Newtons.
** Includes 50% safety factor
 Catastrophic Buckling (CONT)

Catastrophic Buckling
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Metric Units **

Unsupported Length (mm)

Outside Wall
Diameter Thickness 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600
(mm) (mm)
mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 * mm2 *

66.68 3.683 358.0 350.2 339.8 327.4 313.4 298.3 282.6 266.7 251.0 235.6 220.7
66.68 3.962 383.3 374.9 363.8 350.4 335.3 319.1 302.2 285.1 268.1 251.6 235.6
66.68 4.445 426.6 417.1 404.6 389.5 372.5 354.2 335.3 316.1 297.1 278.6 260.8
66.68 4.775 455.8 445.6 432.0 415.8 397.5 377.8 357.5 336.9 316.5 296.7 277.6
66.68 5.156 489.0 477.9 463.3 445.6 425.9 404.6 382.6 360.4 338.4 317.1 296.6
66.68 5.994 560.5 547.5 530.3 509.7 486.6 461.8 436.2 410.4 385.0 360.3 336.7

73.03 3.962 423.5 415.8 405.5 392.9 378.6 363.0 346.5 329.5 312.4 295.4 278.8
73.03 4.445 471.6 463.0 451.3 437.2 421.1 403.5 384.9 365.9 346.7 327.7 309.2
8

73.03 4.775 504.2 494.8 482.3 467.0 449.7 430.8 410.8 390.3 369.7 349.4 329.5
73.03 5.156 541.3 531.1 517.5 501.0 482.2 461.8 440.2 418.1 395.9 373.9 352.5
73.03 5.994 621.3 609.4 593.4 574.1 552.2 528.3 503.2 477.5 451.7 426.2 401.4

88.90 3.962 523.4 517.1 508.4 497.7 485.2 471.2 456.0 439.9 423.3 406.3 389.2
88.90 4.445 583.8 576.6 566.9 554.8 540.7 524.9 507.9 489.8 471.1 452.0 432.8
88.90 4.775 624.7 616.9 606.4 593.4 578.2 561.3 542.9 523.5 503.4 482.9 462.2
88.90 5.156 671.4 663.0 651.6 637.5 621.1 602.8 582.9 561.9 540.2 518.0 495.7
88.90 5.994 772.6 762.8 749.4 732.9 713.7 692.3 669.1 644.6 619.3 593.5 567.7

114.30 5.182 882.8 876.2 867.2 855.9 842.4 827.0 810.0 791.4 771.7 751.1 729.7
114.30 5.690 964.8 957.6 947.6 935.1 920.3 903.3 884.5 864.2 842.5 819.7 796.2
114.30 5.994 1013.6 1006.0 995.4 982.2 966.6 948.7 928.9 907.4 884.5 860.5 835.7
114.30 6.350 1070.2 1062.0 1050.9 1036.9 1020.2 1001.2 980.2 957.4 933.1 907.7 881.4

168.28 7.112 1795.5 1789.3 1780.7 1769.8 1756.7 1741.4 1724.1 1704.9 1684.0 1661.4 1637.4
168.28 7.620 1917.6 1911.0 1901.8 1890.1 1876.0 1859.6 1841.0 1820.4 1797.9 1773.6 1747.8
* Multiply by the yield stress in Mega Pascals to obtain the compressive force in Newtons.
** Includes 50% safety factor
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

Hydraulics
In most coiled tubing (CT) applications such as cleanouts, well unloading, acidizing,
stimulation, drilling, etc., fluid (liquid, gas, or multiphase mixture of liquid and gas) is pumped
through the CT to a desired depth in the wellbore, and returned up the annulus. Water, air,
nitrogen, diesel, brines, acids, gels, and foams are among the many commonly pumped
fluids through CT in these various applications. Thus, depending on the fluid type and
properties, system pressures (pump pressure, gooseneck pressure, wellhead pressure,
flowing bottom hole pressure) change and affect the pumping requirements. In addition,
system pressures are also affected by many other parameters such as pump rate, CT size
(length, diameter), reel core diameter, geometry of the wellbore, and surface roughness.

From a fluid mechanics viewpoint, flows that occur during any CT application can be broadly
classified as:

• steady (flow is independent of time) or unsteady (flow is time-dependent)

• laminar (flow is characterized by layers or streamlines) or turbulent (flow is character-
ized by random mixing and is no longer streamlined)
• compressible (fluid density is a strong function of pressure such as in gases) or
incompressible (fluid density is a very weak function of pressure such as for liquids)
• single-phase (only one fluid phase exists as either liquid or gas) or multiphase (at
least two phases exist as in liquid and gas or liquid, gas, and solid)
• Newtonian (shear stress is linearly related to shear rate) or non-Newtonian (shear
stress is not linearly related to shear rate)
• the flow direction can be either upwards or downwards; flow can occur in vertical,
inclined, or horizontal wells; and in tubing or annulus formed between the CT and
production tubing/casing.
Therefore, in order to accurately predict the system pressures in any CT operation, all these
fluid mechanics aspects and parameters must be taken into careful consideration during the
mathematical development of a wellbore hydraulics model for CT applications.

System pressures can be estimated by appropriately accounting for the total pressure
losses ( ∆P ) in the CT and annulus. In general, the total pressure loss is comprised of
three components, namely:

• hydrostatic pressure loss ( ∆Ph )

• friction pressure loss ( ∆Pf ), and

• acceleration pressure loss ( ∆Pa ).

Moreover, the frictional component of the coiled tubing pressure loss can be further
subdivided into two parts: a part that accounts for the friction pressure loss on the reel
( ∆PRT ) before entering the well, and a part that accounts for the straight tubing losses
( ∆PST ) in the well. Experiments have shown that, in general, reeled tubing pressure losses
are greater than the corresponding straight tubing pressure losses. Usually, the
acceleration pressure loss is negligible as long as there is no sudden change in cross-
sectional area of flow, and is therefore not included here.

From a steady-state mechanical energy balance, the hydrostatic and frictional components
of pressure loss can be written as [see Bourgoyne et al. (1991)]

1
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

ρv 2 L
∆Ph = 0.052 ρh ∆Pf = f
25.8d
(1) and (2)
The mean velocity of the fluid can be found from

Q
v=
(3) 2.448d 2

The friction factor in equation 2 is a function of the Reynolds number ( Re ), defined

physically as the ratio of the inertia force to the viscous force. Mathematically, the definition
of Re varies depending on the fluid type (e.g., Newtonian liquids, non-Newtonian liquids,
multiphase fluids). In addition, the magnitude of Re distinguishes a flow from being in the
laminar, transitional, or turbulent flow regimes. Thus, the friction factor is found as a function
of Re for all these flow regimes in various fluid types. Similarly, computation of fluid
properties (density, viscosity) differ depending on fluid type and will be discussed briefly in
separate sub-sections.

Pressure Losses in Liquids. Liquids are most often pumped through CT in any
application. Examples of commonly pumped liquids are fresh water, seawater, brines, acids,
kerosene, crude oil, diesel, polymer gels, and drilling mud. These fluids can be broadly
classified as Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids. Non-Newtonian liquids can be further
subdivided into many categories depending on the rheological model that best describes
their fluid behavior. Only the Newtonian model will be discussed in some detail and general
methodologies will be presented for other fluid types.

Newtonian Liquids: Fluids that exhibit a linear relationship between the shear stress and
shear rate are called Newtonian fluids. Water, brines, acids, and light oils are good
examples of Newtonian liquids. The flow is usually characterized by the Reynolds number,
which for Newtonian fluids can be written as

928 ρvd
Re =
µ
(4)
For internal flow of Newtonian fluids through straight tubing, the flow can be classified as
either laminar, transitional, or turbulent depending on the magnitude of the Reynolds
number. The flow is laminar if Re is less than or equal to a critical value of 2100. A
transitional flow is observed between Reynolds numbers of 2100 and 4000. If Re is greater
than 4000, then the flow is turbulent. The friction factor for straight tubing ( f ST ) in laminar
flow is given by

16
f ST =
(5) Re

In turbulent flow, f ST can be expressed as [see Serghides (1984)]

−2

f ST

= 0.254.781 −
(A − 4.781)2 

 B − 2 A + 4.781
(6)

2
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

where

 ε 12 
A = −2.0 log + 
(7)
 3.7d e Re 

 ε 2.51A 
B = −2.0 log + 
 3.7 d e Re 
(8)
However, in the case of flow through reeled tubing (i.e., for the length of CT on the reel), the
presence of a secondary flow (commonly referred to as Dean's vortices) perpendicular to
the main flow makes the characterization somewhat complicated. In most cases, flow is
turbulent in the CT. For turbulent flow, Sas-Jaworsky and Reed (1997) have recently
provided a correlation to determine the friction factor in reeled tubing as,

d
f RT = f ST + 0.0075
Dreel
(9)
Clearly, from Eq. (9) the coiled tubing friction factors are greater than the straight tubing
friction factors by an amount specified by the reel curvature. Equations (3)-(8) are utilized in
equation (2) to compute the friction pressure losses in straight and reeled tubing.
In this section, friction pressure loss graphs for various CT sizes (diameters and wall
thickness) are presented for four common oilfield fluids pumped through CT. These four
Newtonian fluids are shown in the following table along with their properties.

Fluid Density (lbm/ft3) Viscosity (cp)

Diesel 51.72 1.62
Fresh Water 62.31 0.99
15% HCI 66.97 1.95
10 ppg (1.2 SG) Brine 74.81 2.30

The graphs depict the friction pressure loss in both straight (when the CT is off the reel) and
reeled tubing (when the CT is on the reel) for various flow rates through the CT. A pipe
roughness value of 0.0018 in. (corresponding to that of commercial steel pipes) is used in
the calculations. For the friction pressure loss plots in reeled tubing, the table below shows
the reel core diameters selected for various CT diameters.

CT Diameter (in) Core Diameter (ft)

1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75 6
2, 2.375, 2.875 8
3.5 11

These graphs can be readily used to estimate the friction pressure loss for a given CT size,
or conversely, select an appropriate CT size depending on the magnitude of the friction
pressure loss.
Example 1

Determine the hydrostatic pressure loss in a 10,000 ft long CT section inclined at angle
30º to the vertical. The fluid flowing through the CT is diesel.

3
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

From the table, density of diesel = 6.91 ppg. The vertical distance
h = 10000 × cos 30 = 8660 ft. Thus, hydrostatic pressure loss,
∆Ph = 0.052 × 6.91× 8660 = 3112 psi.

Example 2
Consider a 15,000 ft long, 1.5 in. CT with 0.109 in. wall thickness. The length of CT on
the reel is 5,000 ft. Determine the total friction pressure loss if fresh water is pumped
through the CT at 1 bpm. Use an inside pipe roughness of 0.0018 in. and a reel core
diameter of 84 in.
For fresh water, ρ = 8.33 ppg and µ = 0.99 cp (see above table). The inside diameter
of the CT, d = 1.5 − 2 × 0.109 = 1.282 in. The velocity of fresh water in the CT can now be
calculated as,

42
v= = 10.44 ft/s.
2.448 × 1.2822

Then , the Reynolds number is found to determine if the flow is laminar or turbulent.

928 × 8.33 × 10.44 × 1.282

Re = = 104507
0.99

Since Re > 2100, flow is turbulent. Using this value of Re, d , and ε = 0.0018 in., the
friction factor in straight tubing can be found as f ST = 0.00584. Thus, the friction
pressure loss in straight tubing becomes,

0.00584 × 8.33 × 10.44 2 × 10000

∆PST = = 1604 psi.
25.8 × 1.282

Using Dreel = 84 in., the friction factor in reeled tubing, f RT = 0.006766.

Correspondingly, the friction pressure loss in reeled tubing, ∆PRT = 929 psi. Hence, the
total friction pressure loss becomes, ∆Pf = 1604 + 929 = 2533 psi.

Alternatively, the friction pressure loss in both straight and reeled tubing can be found
from the graphs presented in this section. From the graph of friction pressure loss for
1.5 in. CT with 0.109 wall thickness, the pressure loss for fresh water at 1 bpm in
straight and reeled tubing is about 160 and 185 psi/1000 ft respectively. Multiplying the
straight tubing loss value by 10 gives the pressure loss in 10,000 ft as ∆PST = 1600 psi.
Similarly, ∆PRT = 185 × 5 = 925 psi. Thus, the total friction pressure loss,

∆Pf = 1600 + 925 = 2525 psi.

Non-Newtonian Liquids. Liquids that exhibit a non-linear relationship between shear

stress and shear rate are said to be non-Newtonian. The most widely used non-Newtonian
models in the petroleum industry are the Power-Law and Bingham Plastic models (many
polymer gels and drilling muds can be described by these two models). Friction pressure
loss calculations for Power-Law fluids are dependent on a generalized Reynolds number,
and are somewhat different from the corresponding Newtonian computations. On the other
hand, Bingham Plastic calculations are similar to the Newtonian friction pressure loss
calculations, and only differ in the criteria for determining the onset of turbulence.

4
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

Pressure Losses in Gases. Air, nitrogen, and natural gas are frequently pumped
through CT, with nitrogen used most often because of its inert properties. Unlike liquids,
gases are compressible (gas density is a strong function of pressure) and behave according
to the real gas law. Therefore, friction pressure loss for gas flow in CT must take into
account density variation with pressure appropriately. In addition, most gases are
Newtonian in their fluid behavior. Thus, the criteria for turbulence and evaluation of friction
pressure loss are similar to that of Newtonian fluids.

Pressure Losses in Foams. Foams are essentially multiphase fluids and comprise of a
mixture of liquid, gas, and surfactant. Although foams are multiphase fluids, their
rheological behavior has been observed to be similar to that of Power-Law and Bingham-
Plastic fluids. These multiphase mixtures can be water-based or oil-based foams depending
on the composition of the liquid medium. The gas phase is usually nitrogen, however, air
and carbon dioxide have also been used. The gas phase exists as microscopic bubbles
and, in practice, may occupy between 10 to 95 percent of the total foam volume. The ratio
of volume fraction of gas to the total volume of foam characterizes the foam in terms of its
"quality". Since gas is compressible, the quality of foam depends on both temperature and
pressure, and must be accounted for appropriately. The friction loss calculations can then
be performed similar to the Power-Law and Bingham-Plastic models, depending on the
model used to characterize the foam behavior.

Pressure Losses in Multiphase Fluids. In general, multiphase fluids pumped

through CT is a two-phase mixture of liquid and gas. The liquid phase is usually comprised
of water, acid, brines or oil, and the gas phase is most often nitrogen, air, or natural gas.
The pressure losses of multiphase fluids in any CT operation are usually computed using
correlations developed for two-phase flow through tubing. However, the fluid properties
(density and viscosity) and friction factor computations differ considerably from the single-
phase calculations. The density and viscosity of multiphase fluids can be evaluated by the
simple "rule of mixtures" and is dependent on the liquid hold-up (represents the volume
fraction of the pipe occupied by the liquid phase). Similarly, the friction factor is also
dependent on the liquid hold-up through the two-phase Reynolds number. Clearly,
evaluation of liquid hold-up is a critical part of the multiphase computations and erroneous
system pressure predictions can result if hold-up is not estimated accurately. Liquid hold-up
can either be measured or calculated, and is dependent on the flow regime. Flow regimes in
two-phase flow are classified based on whether the flow is vertical or horizontal. In vertical
flow, the flow regimes are usually classified as bubble, slug, froth, transition, and mist flow,
whereas in horizontal flow, the usual classification is: segregated, intermittent, transition,
and distributed. Details on these various flow regimes and how they can be distinguished
from one another is quite complex and is not presented here.

5
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

Nomenclature

d = inner diameter of CT (in)

D reel = reel core diameter (in)

f = Fanning friction factor

h = h = L cosθ is the vertical distance between two points on the CT (ft)

L = length between two points on the CT (ft)

Q = flow rate (gpm)

Re = Reynolds number
v = velocity of fluid (ft/s)

Greek Symbols
∆P = pressure loss (psi)
ε = absolute pipe roughness (in)
µ = viscosity of fluid (cp)

ρ = density of fluid (ppg)

θ = angle of inclination to the vertical (degrees)

Subscripts
a = acceleration

RT = reeled tubing
f = friction

h = hydrostatic

ST = straight tubing

References
1. Bourgoyne Jr., A. T., Millheim, K. K., Chenevert, M. E., Young Jr., F. S.: "Applied Drill-
ing Engineering," SPE Textbook Series, Vol. 2 (1991).
2. Sas-Jaworsky II, A., and Reed, T. D.: "Predicting Friction Pressure Losses in Coiled
Tubing Operations," World Oil (Sept., 1997), 141-146.
3. Serghides, T.K..: "Estimate Friction Factor Accurately," Chemical Engineering (Mar.,
1984), 63-64.

6
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

Straight Tubing
CT OD = 1.0 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.087 in.

8000

Diesel
7000 Fresh Water
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
6000
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD= 25.4 mm; Wall Thickness = 2.210 mm

180

Diesel
160 Fresh Water
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
140
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35

Flow Rate (m^3/min)

7
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

CT OD = 1.0 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.095 in.

9000

Diesel
8000 Fresh Water
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
7000
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD= 25.4 mm; Wall Thickness = 2.413 mm

200

Diesel
180 Fresh Water
15% HCl
160 1.2 SG Brine

140
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35

Flow Rate (m^3/min)

8
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

Reeled Tubing
CT OD = 1.0 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.087 in.

9000

Diesel
8000 Fresh Water
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
7000
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD= 25.4 mm; Wall Thickness = 2.210 mm

200

Diesel
180 Fresh Water
15% HCl
160 1.2 SG Brine

140
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35

Flow Rate (m^3/min)

9
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

CT OD = 1.0 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.095 in.

10000

Diesel
9000 Fresh Water
15% HCl
8000 1.2 SG Brine
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

7000

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 25.4 mm; Wall Thickness = 2.413 mm

250

Diesel
Fresh Water
200 15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

150

100

50

0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35

Flow Rate (m^3/min)

10
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

Straight Tubing
CT OD = 1.25 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.095 in.

2500

Diesel
Fresh Water
15% HCl
2000
1.2 SG Brine
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

1500

1000

500

0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 31.75 mm; Wall Thickness = 2.413 mm

50

Diesel
45 Fresh Water
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
40

35
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

30

25

20

15

10

0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35

Flow Rate (m^3/min)

11
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

CT OD = 1.25 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.134 in.

3500

Diesel
Fresh Water
3000
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine

2500
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

2000

1500

1000

500

0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 31.75 mm; Wall Thickness = 3.404 mm

80

Diesel
70 Fresh Water
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
60
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

50

40

30

20

10

0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35

Flow Rate (m^3/min)

12
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

Reeled Tubing
CT OD = 1.25 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.095 in.

2500

Diesel
Fresh Water
15% HCl
2000
1.2 SG Brine
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

1500

1000

500

0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 31.75 mm; Wall Thickness = 2.413 mm

60

Diesel
Fresh Water
50 15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

40

30

20

10

0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35

Flow Rate (m^3/min)

13
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

CT OD = 1.25 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.134 in.

4000

Diesel
3500 Fresh Water
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
3000
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 31.75 mm; Wall Thickness = 3.404 mm

90

Diesel
80 Fresh Water
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
70
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35

Flow Rate (m^3/min)

14
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

Straight Tubing
CT OD = 1.5 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.109 in.

1800

Diesel
1600 Fresh Water
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
1400
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

1200

1000

800

600

400

200

0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0

Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 38.10 mm; Wall Thickness = 2.769 mm

15
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

CT OD = 1.5 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.134 in.

2500

Diesel
Fresh Water
15% HCl
2000 1.2 SG Brine
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

1500

1000

500

0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 38.10 mm; Wall Thickness = 3.404 mm

50

Diesel
45 Fresh Water
15% HCl
40 1.2 SG Brine

35
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

30

25

20

15

10

0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50
Flow Rate (m^3/min)

16
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

Reeled Tubing
CT OD = 1.5 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.109 in.

2500

Diesel
Fresh Water
2000 15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

1500

1000

500

0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 38.10 mm; Wall Thickness = 2.769 mm

50

Diesel
45 Fresh Water
15% HCl
40 1.2 SG Brine

35
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

30

25

20

15

10

0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50
Flow Rate (m^3/min)

17
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

CT OD = 1.5 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.134 in.

3000

Diesel
Fresh Water
2500 15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine

2000
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

1500

1000

500

0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 38.10 mm; Wall Thickness = 3.404 mm

60

Diesel
Fresh Water
15% HCl
50
1.2 SG Brine

40
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

30

20

10

0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50
Flow Rate (m^3/min)

18
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

Straight Tubing
CT OD = 1.75 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.109 in.

1400

Diesel
Fresh Water
1200
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine

1000
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

800

600

400

200

0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0

Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 44.45 mm; Wall Thickness = 2.769 mm

30

Diesel
Fresh Water
25 15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

20

15

10

0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65

Flow Rate (m^3/min)

19
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

CT OD = 1.75 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.156 in.

1800

Diesel
1600 Fresh Water
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
1400

1200
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

1000

800

600

400

200

0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 44.45 mm; Wall Thickness = 3.962 mm

40

Diesel
35 Fresh Water
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
30
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

25

20

15

10

0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65
Flow Rate (m^3/min)

20
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

Reeled Tubing
CT OD = 1.75 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.109 in.

1600

Diesel
1400 Fresh Water
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
1200
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

1000

800

600

400

200

0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 44.45 mm; Wall Thickness = 2.769 mm

35

Diesel
Fresh Water
30
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine

25
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

20

15

10

0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65
Flow Rate (m^3/min)

21
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

CT OD = 1.75 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.156 in.

2500

Diesel
Fresh Water
2000 15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

1500

1000

500

0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 44.45 mm; Wall Thickness = 3.962 mm

50

Diesel
45 Fresh Water
15% HCl
40 1.2 SG Brine

35
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

30

25

20

15

10

0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65
Flow Rate (m^3/min)

22
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

Straight Tubing
CT OD = 2.0 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.156 in.

1200

Diesel
Fresh Water
1000 15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine

800
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

600

400

200

0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 50.80 mm; Wall Thickness = 3.962 mm

30

Diesel
Fresh Water
25 15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine

20
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

15

10

0
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80
Flow Rate (m^3/min)

23
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

CT OD = 2.0 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.175 in.

1400

Diesel
Fresh Water
1200
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine

1000
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

800

600

400

200

0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 50.80 mm; Wall Thickness = 4.445 mm

30

Diesel
Fresh Water
25 15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine

20
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

15

10

0
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80
Flow Rate (m^3/min)

24
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

Reeled Tubing
CT OD = 2.0 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.156 in.

1400

Diesel
Fresh Water
1200
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine

1000
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

800

600

400

200

0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 50.80 mm; Wall Thickness = 3.962 mm

35

Diesel
Fresh Water
30
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine

25
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

20

15

10

0
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80
Flow Rate (m^3/min)

25
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

CT OD = 2.0 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.175 in.

1600

Diesel
1400 Fresh Water
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
1200
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

1000

800

600

400

200

0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 50.80 mm; Wall Thickness = 4.445 mm

35

Diesel
Fresh Water
30
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine

25
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

20

15

10

0
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80
Flow Rate (m^3/min)

26
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

Straight Tubing
CT OD = 2.375 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.188 in.

500

Diesel
450 Fresh Water
15% HCl
400 1.2 SG Brine

350
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

300

250

200

150

100

50

0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 60.33 mm; Wall Thickness = 4.775 mm

12

Diesel
Fresh Water
10 15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine

8
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

0
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80
Flow Rate (m^3/min)

27
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

CT OD = 2.375 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.203 in.

600

Diesel
Fresh Water
500 15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine

400
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

300

200

100

0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 60.33 mm; Wall Thickness = 5.156 mm

12

Diesel
Fresh Water
10 15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine

8
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

0
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80
Flow Rate (m^3/min)

28
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

Reeled Tubing
CT OD = 2.375 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.188 in.

600

Diesel
Fresh Water
500 15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine

400
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

300

200

100

0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 60.33 mm; Wall Thickness = 4.775 mm

14

Diesel
Fresh Water
12
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine

10
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

0
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80
Flow Rate (m^3/min)

29
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

CT OD = 2.375 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.203 in.

700

Diesel
Fresh Water
600
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine

500
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

400

300

200

100

0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 60.33 mm; Wall Thickness = 5.156 mm

16

Diesel
14 Fresh Water
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
12
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

10

0
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80
Flow Rate (m^3/min)

30
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

Straight Tubing
CT OD = 2.875 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.188 in.

400

Diesel
350 Fresh Water
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
300
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

250

200

150

100

50

0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0
Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 73.03 mm; Wall Thickness = 4.775 mm

Diesel
8 Fresh Water
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
7

6
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

0
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40
Flow Rate (m^3/min)

31
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

CT OD = 2.875 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.203 in.

450

Diesel
400 Fresh Water
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
350

300
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

250

200

150

100

50

0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0
Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 73.03 mm; Wall Thickness = 5.156 mm

10

Diesel
9 Fresh Water
15% HCl
8 1.2 SG Brine

7
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

0
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40
Flow Rate (m^3/min)

32
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

Reeled Tubing
CT OD = 2.875 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.188 in.

500

Diesel
450 Fresh Water
15% HCl
400 1.2 SG Brine

350
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

300

250

200

150

100

50

0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0
Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 73.03 mm; Wall Thickness = 4.775 mm

12

Diesel
Fresh Water
10 15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine

8
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

0
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40
Flow Rate (m^3/min)

33
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

CT OD = 2.875 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.203 in.

600

Diesel
Fresh Water
500 15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine

400
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

300

200

100

0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0
Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 73.03 mm; Wall Thickness = 5.156 mm

12

Diesel
Fresh Water
10 15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine

8
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

0
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40
Flow Rate (m^3/min)

34
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

Straight Tubing
CT OD = 3.5 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.188 in.

200

Diesel
180 Fresh Water
15% HCl
160 1.2 SG Brine

140
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0
Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 88.90 mm; Wall Thickness = 4.775 mm

4.5

Diesel
4 Fresh Water
15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
3.5

3
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

2.5

1.5

0.5

0
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40 1.60
Flow Rate (m^3/min)

35
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

CT OD = 3.5 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.203 in.

250

Diesel
Fresh Water
200 15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

150

100

50

0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0
Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 88.90 mm; Wall Thickness = 5.156 mm

Diesel
4.5 Fresh Water
15% HCl
4 1.2 SG Brine

3.5
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

2.5

1.5

0.5

0
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40 1.60
Flow Rate (m^3/min)

36
 Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

Reeled Tubing
CT OD = 3.5 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.188 in.

250

Diesel
Fresh Water
200 15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

150

100

50

0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0
Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 88.90 mm; Wall Thickness = 4.775 mm

Diesel
Fresh Water
5 15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine

4
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

0
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40 1.60
Flow Rate (m^3/min)

37
Pipe Data Tables & Charts
Hydraulics

CT OD = 3.5 in.; Wall Thickness = 0.203 in.

250

Diesel
Fresh Water
200 15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine
Pressure Loss (psi/1000 ft)

150

100

50

0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0
Flow Rate (bpm)

CT OD = 88.90 mm; Wall Thickness = 5.156 mm

Diesel
Fresh Water
5 15% HCl
1.2 SG Brine

4
Pressure Loss (KPa/m)

0
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40 1.60
Flow Rate (m^3/min)

38
WELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT

Well Control Equipment Literature

COILED TUBING HANDBOOK

Complete Stack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Blowout Preventers (BOP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Features ....................................................................................... 3
Options ......................................................................................... 3
Operation...................................................................................... 3
Blind Ram Assembly .................................................................... 4
Pipe Ram Assembly ..................................................................... 5
Slip Ram Assembly ...................................................................... 5
Shear Ram Assembly................................................................... 6
Shear Seal Rams ......................................................................... 9
Pipe Slip Rams............................................................................. 9
BOP Field Testing ........................................................................ 9
Stripper Packers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Operation...................................................................................... 17
Stripper Packer Elements............................................................. 17
Top Loading Stripper Packer........................................................ 17
Anti-Buckling Device .................................................................... 19
Inhibitor Injection .......................................................................... 19
Test Pressure ............................................................................... 19
Quick Latches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Hydraconns .................................................................................. 25
Injector Connectors ...................................................................... 25
Hydraulic Releasing Connector.................................................... 26
Unions & Flanges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Maintenance & Field Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Suggested Maintenance Schedule............................................... 32
Field Inspections .......................................................................... 32
 COILED TUBING EQUIPMENT

• Forged Block Blowout Preventers • Hydraulic Connectors

• Top Entry, Sidedoor, Sidewinder, and
Tandem Stripper Packers • Subsea Preventers
• Lubricators, Adapter Flanges, and All Styles of Hand Unions

BLOWOUT PREVENTER SYSTEMS

Type EC and EH Model Quad BOPs

• Compact profile designed for high

operational pressure control
• Increased protection against blowouts
• Solid block bodies and bonnets made from
forged steel for optimal pressure integrity
and safety
• Economical field proven design with a 20
year track history
• Wide range of flanged or union connections
• Available with Internal or External hydraulic
connections on the cylinders
• Single, double, or triple configurations
available
• Optional booster cylinders for shearing large, heavy wall CT
 BLOWOUT PREVENTER SYSTEMS
Type EM/EN Model BOP

• Compact, solid block profile and two bolt

bonnet design provides for easier
handling and quicker ram seal
replacement
• Rams easily changed to accommodate
all tubing sizes up to 2.375" diameter
• Oversized shear actuators, with multiple-
cut shear blades, allow for repeated
shearing of tubing sizes up to 2.375" at
full 10,000 psi working pressure without
the need for booster cylinders
• Hydraulic actuators include a quick union
nut for easy and quick maintenance
• Slip rams have replaceable inserts with
an interrupted tooth pattern that reduces
slip damage to the coiled tubing and
maximizes grip area
• Available in the EN internally ported
hydraulics configuration, or the EM
model for use with hydraulic hose bridles

Dual Combi Blowout Preventer

• Reduces the overall stack height and

weight of the equipment
• Combines the shear rams and the blind
rams into one set of shear seal rams
• Slip rams and pipe rams are combined
into one set of pipe slip rams
• Dual combination available in the EC,
EH, EM, EN and the IH models
• Combi technology can be incorporated
into singles, duals, triples, and quads
 BLOWOUT PREVENTER SYSTEMS
Type IH Model Blowout Preventer

• Environmentally friendly, no loss of hydraulic

fluids during ram change and routine
cleaning
• Design makes it easier for the user to inspect
and clean the unit
• Hydraulic pressure is utilized to back the
actuator and rams away from the BOP body
• Hydraulic pressure moves the ram out of the
bonnet to let you remove it easily
• Designed and manufactured for high
pressure coiled tubing
applications
• Integral porting features inherent
in the design use the existing
open and close ports for all
hydraulic functions.

Type EI Subsea BOP

• Subsea wellhead intervention BOP which makes up an integral component of

the lower wellhead riser package
• Features a single line hydraulic system and an automatic, wedge-type,
“Autolock” actuator system
• Autolock system secures
rams in the closed
position in the event of a
hydraulic failure, or an
emergency situation that
requires disconnecting
from the subsea wellhead
• Built to customer’s specific
design requirements which
generally include a dual-
bore valve block with a
combination of Blind Shear and Pipe Slip Combi ram assemblies
• Combi rams offer increased functionality, and the ability to use a wide range
of coiled tubing and wireline sizes in a field-proven, compact design
• All pressure ratings and service applications are available including certification
 STRIPPER PACKER SYSTEMS
Conventional Stripper Packers

• Conventional benchmark pack-off system for the coiled

tubing industry since its introduction in the early 1980’s
• Reliability and low-maintenance design is the most cost
effective pack-off available
• Designed to pack-off on coiled tubing as it is stripped in
and out of the well at pressures up to 10,000 psi
• Uses the “Interlock” packer elements. Easily changed
by removing the top entry split cap and using hydraulic
pack-off pressure to expose the packer for quick
replacement

Side Door Stripper Packers

• Designed to pack-off on coiled tubing

as it is stripped in and out of the well
• Unique design permits replacement of
the packer elements and bushings
through an open “window” below the
injector
• Advantageous design easily allows
changing packers with tubing in the well
• Side Door design permits replacement
of the packer, non-extrusion ring, and
bushings by hydraulically retracting the
pack-off piston to expose an open portal
through which these elements may be
changed with tubing in the well
 STRIPPER PACKER SYSTEMS
Sidewinder Stripper Packers

• Reduced overall stack height by 50% over standard Side Door models
• Retractable packers and bushings enable full through bore capabilities for
running tools through the Stripper Packer
• Easy packer change. Hydraulic pressure is used to back the actuator and
packer out of the body with easy
access to change the packer and
bushings
• Tandem operability. The standard
Sidewinder can be run in tandem
• Low hydraulic pressures

Tandem Stripper Packers

• Designed to run “in tandem” below a conventional

or side door stripper packer and may be run
independently as a back up stripper, or in
conjunction with the upper pack-off
• Tandem operation allows lubricant injection under
pressure between packers to reduce well pressure
and increase packer element life
• Injection porting also allows injection of inhibitors
and de-icing chemicals
• Tandem stripper packers are available in the Side
Door and Sidewinder configurations
 HYDRAULIC QUICK LATCHES / CONNECTORS
Type JU Hydraconn Union

• Design facilitates a secure connection between the

coiled tubing BOP and Stripper Packer, providing an
elevated level of personal safety by minimizing the
need for operator assistance during rig-up of the
pressure control stack
• Constructed to provide a safe and reliable connection
in a compact, rugged design
• Incorporates a tapered seal bore that facilitates
stabbing the connection
• Safety latch with a manual override and an indicator
included to prevent an unintentional release while
operating with well pressure in the stack
• Available in 3.06, 4.06, 5.12, 6-3/8, and 7.06 sizes in
Injector Connector pressure ranges 5,000, 10,000 & 15,000

• Safety quick latch between the Stripper Packer and the injector
head
• Hydraulic pressure is required to latch and unlatch. No
hydraulic pressure is required to retain the tool in the latched
position
• Designed to latch the injector to the pressure control stack
without the need for personnel standing underneath the
injector
JHS Hydraulic Releasing Connector

• No hydraulic pressure required to latch

• The latch is capable of 1,000,000 lbs of pull
• Designed to connect the injector to drill pipe when working on a
drill ship or semi-submersible rig
• Unlatching requires hydraulic pressure; a backup manual system
is also incorporated in the tool
• Available in 3.06, 4.06, and 5.12 sizes in pressure ranges 5,000
to 15,000 psi
Quick Disconnect

• Designed as a safety quick

disconnect for hoses or pipe lines
• Hydraulic pressure will quickly
disconnect the tool and the hoses
even with well bore pressure
• Corrosion resistant alloys provide a
reliable, extended life
• Redundant secondary well bore
seals
• Weco or API hub end connections
 COILED TUBING DRILLING / WORKOVER EQUIPMENT
Type EJ Model Annular BOP

• Designed for coiled tubing drilling, snubbing, and wireline

operations
• Can be used as a stripper/pack-off with coiled tubing in
the well, allowing large BHA’s to be inserted through the
annular; or as a CSO Blowout Preventer at times when
the tubing is out of the well
• Unique features allow quick and efficient packer
replacement, and a shorter overall height
• Configuration has a studded body for quick removal of
the bonnet and rapid packer removal
• Designed to be lightweight and compact
• Includes vented ports between the hydraulic system
seals and the well bore seals
Type EG Model 7.06" BOP

• Designed for well servicing, coiled tubing

applications and complete workover
operation
• Field-proven designs improved upon to
offer a BOP that can be supplied with
any combination of Blind, Variable Pipe
2-3/8" - 3.50", Slip, and Shear rams for
use with coiled tubing or workover
strings
• Blind Shear and Pipe Slip Combi rams
available for coiled tubing sizes up to
3.50" O.D
• Design provides easier and quicker field
maintenance, longer service life, and
sustained reliability under all types of well
conditions
• Rams may be changed with pipe in the
well
• Large rubber volume in the top seal and
front packer elements increase the ram's
Work Window service life

• Hydraulic work window with large opening, convenient access and ample
working room
• Dual well bore seals on reciprocating window, with back ups for the main
dynamic seal
• Cam lock window has a unique positive lock in the closed position
• Reliable, safe design based on TOT Side Door technology
• Electronic sensor to indicate the window is closed and locked
• Well pressure lock prevents hydraulic pressure from opening the window
 SPECIALTY EQUIPMENT

Tubing Cutter

In response to the needs of the Coiled

Tubing industry, Texas Oil Tools has
developed a line of Tubing Cutters for
use in a variety of applications.

• Three models are currently available

for shearing up to 3.50" OD tubing
• Hydraulically operated cutter comes
in a configuration as light as 42 lbs
for easy handling
• Generates over 60,000 lbs of force
• Requires only one hydraulic hose
connection
• Air spring returns the blades to the
full open position when hydraulic
pressure is vented

Adapters / Spools / Lubricators / Flow Cross / Hand Unions

Adapter Flange Adapter Flange Hand Union Adapter Spool

Flow Tee Flow Cross Lubricator Lubricator

 Well Control Equipment

Well Control Equipment

Complete Stack w/options

1
Well Control Equipment
Blowout Preventers (BOP)

Blowout Preventers (BOP)

A blowout preventer (BOP) contains well Pressure ratings of the blowout preventers
bore pressure. It’s main function is to pre- correspond with API 6A and 16A informa-
vent well fluids from escaping into the tion. Currently, coiled tubing blowout pre-
atmosphere. A coiled tubing blowout pre- venters have been built for 5,000psi,
venter is designed specifically for coiled 10,000psi and 15,000psi working pres-
tubing operations. sures.

A blowout preventer consists of several

pairs of rams. Each type of ram performs a
specific function:

- Blind rams isolate well bore fluids

and contain pressure when there
is no coiled tubing in the blowout
preventer.
Single BOP
- Pipe or tubing rams seal around
coiled tubing to isolate well bore
fluids and contain pressure.
- Shear rams have cutting blades to
shear coiled tubing.
- Slip or gripping rams hold the
coiled tubing to prevent it from
being pushed out of the well or
from falling down the well.

Blind rams, and pipe or tubing rams are

also known as sealing rams.
Dual Combi BOP
The number and type of ram pairs in a
BOP is determined by the configuration of
the blowout preventer: single, double, tri-
ple, quad, or quint. The standard coiled
tubing blowout preventer is a quad. From
top down, the four separate ram pairs are
blind rams, shear rams, slip rams, and
pipe rams.

The standard coiled tubing blowout pre-

venter has two equalizing ports, one on
each sealing ram. It also has a side outlet
between the slip and shear rams. This side
outlet can be used as a safety kill line.
Triple Combi BOP
Blowout preventers are available in sev-
eral sizes. These sizes normally follow the
API flange sizes. They start with the 2 9/
16” and can be as large as 7 1/16”. Cur-
rently the most commonly used size is the
3 1/16” quad. The following table is a rule
of thumb for what size coiled tubing can be
used in each BOP

BOP Size Coiled Tubing Range

2.56” 0.75” through 2.00”
3.06” 0.75” through 2.375”
4.06” 1.00” through 2.875”
Quad BOP
5.12”
6.375” 1.25” through 3.50”
7.06”

2
 Well Control Equipment
Blowout Preventers (BOP)

Features Options
• Environmentally friendly, will not • Quick unions for all types of
spill hydraulic fluid when the equipment. Quick unions exist for
bonnets are retracted from the 5,000, 10,000 and 15,000psi H2S
BOP body. environments.
• Hydraulic pressure will retract the • A debooster is a safety tool to
actuators away from the body monitor well pressure without
making the maintenance easier. having the high pressure and well
• Corrosion resistant alloy body for fluids in the control cabin. A 4:1
severe harsh well conditions. debooster is available that will
mount to the BOP body and
• Keyless ram assemblies. connect to the high pressure port
• Combination pipe and slip ram on the BOP body. Well pressure
assemblies. One set of rams will runs to the inlet of the debooster
seal and hold the coiled tubing. and is converted to hydraulic
pressure with a reduction of four.
• Combination shear and seal ram The hydraulic line is run to the
assemblies. One set of rams will control cabin and connected to a
cut the coiled tubing and seal on Martin Decker 1:4 gauge that
the open hole. indicates the actual well pressure.
• Forged steel body • Ram change rods to make it easier
• Cam-lock cylinder to body to pull the rams out of the BOP.
connections. The actuators can be pulled away
• Integral side outlet flange for use as from the body without having to pull
a kill port. them off. Ram change rods are
standard for some BOP models.
• Double seal for critical well bore
seals. • Booster cylinders to shear large
diameter or heavy wall coiled
• Quick union ram access. tubing. If the equipment you have
• Corrosion resistant alloys on the cannot shear required coiled
rams, piston rods, seat and stems. tubing, you can add booster
These alloys should be highly cylinders to the shear actuators.
resistant to corrosion, drilling fluids, The type of model to use depends
and well fluids. on the hydraulic pressure.
• Separate well pressure and • Side outlet flange to adapt to the
hydraulic seals on the piston rods treating iron.
with a weep hole between them to
prevent well fluids from entering the Operation
hydraulic system and to indicate
leaks.
A BOP operates with hydraulic pressure.
• Teflon coating on the body to You must connect two hoses to each actu-
minimize the onset of corrosion on ator for proper operation of a BOP. One
the BOP body. hose is used to close the ram. The other
• Indicator rods on each piston to hose is used to open it.
indicate the true position of the
ram. Preparation
• Manual non-rising stems
encapsulated in the hydraulic 1. Be sure the BOP has been fully
chamber. A special thread on the serviced by a competent techni-
stem reduces galling and makes it cian. Do not assume that a ser-
easier to close with full well head viceable blowout preventer on the
pressure. last job will be good for the next
• Solid block BOP body with no job. Well conditions and storage
welds or threads on the BOP body. conditions are the main contribu-
• Integral equalizing valve that has tors to premature corrosion and pit-
no exposed tubing. ting.
• Easy assembly and maintenance. 2. Check the operation of the manual
A BOP should have ram change locks. Rotate the handwheel
rods that make it easy for daily
maintenance. Actuators should counter-clockwise to open the
only go together one way so they manual locks.
cannot be put together incorrectly.
3. Check all flange and union seals for
damage that might impair sealing.

3
Well Control Equipment
Blowout Preventers (BOP)

Repair or replace items if neces- 3. Open the rams with hydraulic pres-
sary. sure. You cannot open the rams
manually.
4. Check all sealing surfaces and ring
gaskets for scratches which may Blind Ram Assembly
impair sealing.
Blind rams are a type of sealing rams.
5. Test all hydraulic functions. Open
and close each set of rams. They isolate well bore fluids and contain
pressure when there is no coiled tubing in
the blowout preventer. Unlike pipe rams,
6. Pressure test the complete stack
before starting each job. blind rams will not seal on any wireline,
cable or tubing. If closed on wireline the
seals will damage the wireline.
7. Close all equalizing valves.
Blind rams consist of identical ram bodies
Closing and Locking the Rams positioned opposite each other in a ram
bore. Each ram assembly contains a ram
After fully closing the rams, you should body, front seal, rear seal and a retainer
close and lock the manual locks into place. bar. The front seal contains the well pres-
The locks hold the well bore pressure, sure on an open hole and the rear seal
while slip rams hold the tubing, even if contains the well pressure from behind the
hydraulic pressure is lost. Locking the ram body.
manual locks tightly is critical for the slip
ram if there is no backup. Hydraulic pressure acts on a piston con-
nected to a piston rod. The force moves
The following is the procedure for closing the rams to the center of the well bore. As
and locking the rams: the force is increased, the rubber flows
and forms a seal.
1. Close the rams with hydraulic pres-
sure. If the hydraulic system has Never open blind rams with a differen-
failed, release the hydraulic fluid in tial of pressure across them. The pres-
front of the piston, then close the sure above and below the rams should be
rams manually. To release the equal before opening them. If you open
fluid, either switch the valve over to blind rams with a differential of pressure, it
the closed position, or remove the will damage the rubber goods and the
hydraulic fittings from the front of BOP will no longer function properly.
the piston. Then allow the fluid to
drain.

2. Run the manual locks in and rotate

the handwheel clockwise to lock
the rams. Tighten the handwheel
down with a pipe wrench and
torque it down to make sure it is
locked.

Unlocking and Opening the Rams

The rams must be fully opened to avoid
contact with the tool string.

The procedure to unlock and open the

rams is

1. Equalize the pressure above and

below the rams. Do not open the
pipe rams or blind rams with a Blind Ram Assembly
pressure differential across them.

2. Unlock the manual locks by rotating

the handwheel counter-clockwise.
Note that rotating the handwheel
clockwise will lock the rams.

4
 Well Control Equipment
Blowout Preventers (BOP)

Pipe Ram Assembly Slip rams consist of identical rams and slip
inserts positioned opposite each other in a
ram bore. Each ram assembly contains a
Pipe rams, also called tubing rams, are a
type of sealing rams. They seal around ram body, slip insert and a retainer pin.
The slip insert slides into the ram and is
coiled tubing to isolate well bore fluids and held in place with the retainer pin. The
contain pressure.
retainer pin does not take any loading; it
merely prevents the insert from falling into
Pipe rams consist of identical ram bodies the well. The slips should hold the yield
positioned opposite each other in a ram
bore. Each ram assembly contains a ram strength of the coiled tubing.
body, front seal, rear seal and a retainer The slip inserts have a special tooth
bar. The front seal contains the well pres-
sure around the coiled tubing and the rear designed to minimize the stresses on the
coiled tubing. The slip insert is machined
seal contains the well pressure from out of a NACE material and then hardened
behind the ram body.
for gripping and holding the coiled tubing.
This process makes the slips highly sus-
Hydraulic pressure acts on a piston con- ceptible to SSC (sulfide stress cracking).
nected to a piston rod. The force moves
the rams to the center of the through bore. Since the slips may be exposed to H2S
during coiled tubing operations, the slip
Guides, machined on the rams, guide the inserts are made with a soft core and hard
coiled tubing into the center of the rams to
the front seal. As the force is increased, case. The hard outer case will be subject
to cracking; however, the softer core will
the rubber flows around the coiled tubing not be as likely to crack in an H2S environ-
and forms a seal.
ment.
Never open pipe rams with a differential
of pressure across them. The pressure When inspecting slip rams, make sure the
slips are in good condition, .03” flat on the
above and below the rams should be equal gripping edge or crest of the teeth on the
before opening them. If you open pipe
rams with a differential of pressure, it will slip insert is insufficient. The insert must
be replaced. Use the following steps to
damage the rubber goods and the BOP operate slip rams:
will no longer function properly.
1. Close the slips with hydraulic pres-
sure to ensure that they will hold.
The minimum hydraulic pressure
required is 1500psi.

2. Manually lock the slips by turning

the handwheel closed and locking
it in with a pipe wrench. Closing the
manual locks ensures that the slips
will hold, even if hydraulic pressure
is lost.

Pipe Ram Assembly

Slip Ram Assembly

Slip rams grip the coiled tubing holding it
Slip Ram Assembly
and preventing it from being pushed out of
the well or from falling down the well. In
addition to having a pair of slip rams in the
BOP stack, you may want a backup set of
slips above the stripper packer as an extra
safety precaution.

5
Well Control Equipment
Blowout Preventers (BOP)

Shear Ram Assembly

Shear rams have shear inserts to cut
through coiled tubing, wireline, or cable.

Shear rams have right and left hand ram

bodies. The ram assembly consists of ram
bodies, shear blades and socket head cap
screws. The blades on both ram bodies
are identical. The socket head cap screws
hold the blades in their proper place. The
blades are made out of a material that is
hardened after machining. The base Shear Ram Assembly
material used for the blades is a NACE
approved material, and therefore the core Test Data for TOT Shear Rams
of the blades remains relatively soft. The
material gives the blades the ductility
required to prevent cracking and still shear Extensive testing on shearing coiled tubing
the coiled tubing. A single set of shear was performed at the Texas Oil Tools Con-
blades can cut multiple times. More than roe factory. The results have been tabu-
30 cuts have been made with one set of lated and are presented for your
blades with no damage. convenience. Separate tests were con-
ducted to confirm the additional pressure
Shear blades for H2S service have special required to close the rams under wellbore
requirements, as noted in the NACE speci- pressure. In each case, where multiple
fications MR-01-75: “high strength and cuts were made, the highest observed
high hardness steels are required for ram pressure is shown. Wireline was placed
shear blades to shear drill pipe during inside the coiled tubing for many of the
emergency conditions. However the user cuts. Either 7/32 or 15/32 line was used
shall be advised that these materials are and in every case the wireline cut at a
highly susceptible to SSC (sulfide stress lower pressure than the coiled tubing.
cracking).” Since the blades may be Several cuts were made with the slips set
exposed to H2S during coiled tubing opera- to determine if this increased the force
tions, the shear blades are made with a required. It did not.
soft core and hard case. The hard outer
case will be subject to cracking; however, This tabulation of actual hydraulic operat-
the softer core will not be as likely to crack ing pressures required to cut coiled tubing
in an H2S environment. hould serve only as a guide in determining
if a booster is required.
It is extremely important that you make
sure your BOP will shear the coiled tubing
you are using. A simple shear test in the
yard will prove whether or not this can be
accomplished. If the blades chip or break,
you need to get new blades. High yield
and heavy wall pipe require special blades
and may require booster cylinders.

Inspect the blades frequently; any chips or

pitting on the blades is a good indication
they need to be replaced. Use extreme
caution with the shear blades, if they look
bad, they may not cut when you need them
to cut.

6
 Well Control Equipment
Blowout Preventers (BOP)

Shear Test Data for 3.06" Quad Blowout Preventer

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Booster Booster
Type Hyd. psi Hyd. psi Hyd. psi 3000 psi 1500 psi
O.D. Wall
Mat’l 0 Well 5M Well 10M Well Hyd. WP Hyd. WP
10M Well 10M Well
1.000 0.075 70 1,000 1,556 2,111 725 529
1.000 0.087 70 1,100 1,656 2,211 760 554
1.000 0.095 70 1,300 1,856 2,411 829 604
1.000 0.109 70 1,400 1,956 2,511 863 629
1.250 0.087 70 1,500 2,056 2,611 897 654
1.250 0.087 80 1,600 2,156 2,711 932 679
1.250 0.087 100 1,800 2,356 2,911 1,000 730
1.250 0.095 70 1,500 2,056 2,611 897 654
1.250 0.087 70 1,500 2,056 2,611 897 654
1.250 0.087 80 1,600 2,156 2,711 932 679
1.250 0.087 100 1,800 2,356 2,911 1,000 730
1.250 0.095 70 1,500 2,056 2,611 897 654
1.250 0.109 70 1,500 2,056 2,611 897 654
1.250 0.109 **70 900 1,456 2,011 691 504
1.250 0.109 *70 1,400 1,956 2,511 863 629
1.250 0.109 100 2,100 2,656 3,211 1,103 805
1.250 0.134 70 2,400 2,956 3,511 1,207 880
1.250 0.175 70 3,000 3,556 4,111 1,413 1,030
1.500 0.095 70 1,700 2,256 2,811 966 705
1.500 0.109 70 1,900 2,456 3,011 1,035 755
1.500 0.125 70 2,100 2,656 3,211 1,103 805
1.500 0.134 70 2,750 3,306 3,861 1,327 968
1.500 0.156 70 3,200 3,756 4,311 1,481 1,080
1.750 0.109 70 2,450 3,006 3,561 1,224 892
1.750 0.175 100 1,500 2,056 2,611 897 1,654
1.750 0.190 100 1,800 2,356 2,911 1,000 730
2.000 0.203 80 2,000 2,556 3,111 1,069 780

* This test cut was with 10,000# tension applied before making the cut. The tension of hanging tubing-
weight, or applied pull, decreases the force required to cut the tubing.
**This test cut was with 20,000# tension applied before making the cut. The tension of hanging tubing
weight, or applied pull, decreases the force required to cut the tubing.
Column #1 is the outside diameter of the coiled tubing.
Column #2 is the wall thickness of the coiled tubing.
Column #3 is the published yield strength of the coiled tubing: 70, 80, 90 or 100 kpsi yield strength.
Column #4 is the hydraulic operating pressure required to shear the coiled tubing and overcome a well
bore pressure of 0psi using the original 3.06" BOP hydraulic cylinders.
Column #5 is the hydraulic operating pressure required to shear the coiled tubing and overcome a well-
bore pressure of 5,000psi using the original 3.06" BOP hydraulic cylinders.
Column #6 is the hydraulic operating pressure required to shear the coiled tubing and overcome a well-
bore pressure of 10,000psi using the original 3.06" BOP hydraulic cylinders.
Column #7 is the hydraulic operating pressure required to shear the coiled tubing and overcome a well-
bore pressure of 10,000psi using the Booster Cylinder, EH34-BC03. (Max. psi 3,000psi)
Column #8 is the hydraulic pressure required to shear the coiled tubing and overcome a wellbore pres-
sure of 10,000psi using the Booster Cylinder EH34-BC05. (Max. psi 2,000psi

7
Well Control Equipment
Blowout Preventers (BOP)

Shear Test Data for 4.06" Quad Blowout Preventer

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Booster
Type Hyd. psi Hyd. psi Hyd. psi 1500psi
O.D. Wall
Mat’l 0 Well 5M Well 10M Well Hyd. WP
10M Well
1.250 0.087 70 700 1078 1456 444
1.250 0.095 70 700 1078 1456 444
1.250 0.109 70 800 1178 1556 474
1.250 0.125 70 1100 1478 1856 566
1.250 0.134 70 1100 1478 1856 566
1.250 0.156 70 1300 1678 2056 627
1.500 0.095 70 900 1278 1656 505
1.500 0.109 70 1000 1378 1756 535
1.500 0.134 70 1200 1578 1956 596
1.500 0.156 70 1300 1678 2056 627
1.750 0.087 70 1050 1428 1806 551
1.750 0.095 70 1150 1528 1906 581
1.750 0.134 70 1400 1778 2156 657
1.750 0.156 70 1500 1878 2256 688
2.000 0.109 70 1300 1678 2056 627
2.000 0.125 70 1600 1978 2356 718
2.000 0.134 70 1700 2078 2456 749
2.000 0.156 70 1800 2178 2556 779
2.375 0.109 70 1100 1478 1856 566
2.375 0.156 70 1500 1878 2256 688
2.875 0.109 70 1500 1878 2256 688
2.875 0.156 70 1500 1878 2256 688

Column #1 is the outside diameter of the coiled tubing.

Column #2 is the wall thickness of the coiled tubing.
Column #3 is the published yield strength of the coiled tubing: 70, 80, 90 or 100 kpsi yield strength.
Column #4 is the hydraulic operating pressure required to shear the coiled tubing and overcome a well
bore pressure of 0psi using the original 3.06" BOP hydraulic cylinders.
Column #5 records the hydraulic pressure required to cut the tubing (with zero well pressure). This is with
the original 4.06" BOP hydraulic cylinders, (no Booster).
Column #6 adds the hydraulic pressure required to overcome a well pressure of 5,000psi.
Column #8 The hydraulic pressure shown is the pressure required when the well pressure is 10,000psi.
This unit is designed for hydraulic pressure of 1,500, to 2,000psi W.P. and 3,000psi Test.
Column #8 The hydraulic pressure shown is the pressure required when the well pressure is 10,000psi.
This unit is designed for hydraulic pressure of 1,500, to 2,000psi W.P. and 3,000psi Test

8
 Well Control Equipment
Blowout Preventers (BOP)

Shear Seal Rams Pipe Slip Rams

Two identical ram bodies are positioned

opposite each other in the valve body.
Each ram body contains a front seal, rear
seal, and slip insert that work in unison to
grip and seal around the coiled tubing. The
Shear Seal Ram Assembly front seal contains the well pressure
around the coiled tubing and the rear seal
The Shear Seal Rams are designed to contains the well pressure from behind the
shear the coiled tubing along with any ram body.
wireline or cable and establish a blind seal.
The blades will cut the tubing and will con- A slip insert is installed above the front
tinue to stroke until the rubber seals form a seal to hold the coiled tubing during seal-
seal on the well bore. Left and right hand ing. The slip insert movement is transmit-
ram bodies are positioned opposite each ted to the hydraulic actuator by the
other in the valve block. Both rams contain compression pin. The compression pin is
a rear seal for sealing wellbore pressure held in place by the retainer ring. An o-ring
from below and seals on the blades for is installed to seal against wellbore pres-
sealing the through bore. sure from below. The force created by the
o-ring seal assists in the setting of the slip
As the rams close, shearing of the work onto the outside of the coiled tubing.
string takes place between the upper and
lower blades. After shearing is complete, BOP Field Testing
continued travel of both rams to the body
center causes the leading edge of the right Test Fluids
hand blade to engage the elastomer seal-
ing area in the left-hand insert and effect a
wellbore pressure seal from below. Once Normally use cold water for testing. How-
the seal is obtained, the pressure from ever, you can use another fluid if it is non-
below acts to keep the rams closed and flammable and not harmful to any of the
maintain the seal. Pressure from above resilient seals.
the ram acts in the opposite direction,
tending to open the rams and break the Test Pressure
seal. Accordingly, the rams are uni-direc-
tional and designed to seal pressure from The test pressure should be limited to the
below only. In operation, the rams are not lowest pressure determined by the follow-
designed to be opened against full differ- ing constraints:
ential pressure. Before opening, always
ensure that the pressure across the rams - The rated working pressure of
is equalized. Failure to do so may result in the BOP, open or closed. Do not
mechanical damage to the head of the ram confuse the manufacturer’s rated
rod and possible extrusion damage to the working pressure with the rated
ram seals. test pressure. The rated test
pressure is a factory test to prove
the strength of the BOP shell;
never use it as the working
pressure.
- The lowest working pressure of
any outlet or connection, flanged
or threaded.

The working pressure (with safety factor)

of the tubing used in the test.

9
Well Control Equipment
Blowout Preventers (BOP)

BOP Specifications
TOT 2.50" 5,000 psi Quad BOP

-20°F to 250°F H2S Service

-25°F to 250°F North Sea Service

Temperature & Service
-50°F to 200°F Arctic Service

75°F to 500°F Steam

Connections

Top End 2.56” 5M R27 Studded Flange

Lower End 2.56” 5M R27 Open Flange

Side Outlet 2.06” 5M R24 Studded Flange

Coiled Tubing Range 1.00” to 2.00”

Hydraulic Operating Range

1,500psi Minimum - 3,000psi Maximum
Booster cylinder may reduce operating pressure

Hydraulic Volumes

Close 1 (one) pair of Rams 31.4 cubic inches

Open 1 (one) pair of Rams 27.9 cubic inches

Close Booster Shear Rams 122 cubic inches

Ratio Hydraulic Pressure:Well Pressure 9:1

Dimensions 33.30” tall x 61.3” wide

Weight 1,000 lbs

Options

Debooster Assembly External Only

Adapter Flanges Top, bottom & side - All standard unions

Test Fixtures Blank box and/or lift plug

10
 Well Control Equipment
Blowout Preventers (BOP)

TOT 2.50" 10,000 psi Quad BOP

-20°F to 250°F H2S Service

-25°F to 250°F North Sea Service

Temperature & Service
-50°F to 200°F Arctic Service

75°F to 500°F Steam

Connections

Top End 2.56” BX-153 Studded Flange

Lower End 2.56” BX-153 Open Flange

Side Outlet 2.06” BX-152 Studded Outlet

Coiled Tubing Range 1.00” to 2.00”

Hydraulic Operating Range

1,500psi Minimum - 3,000psi Maximum
Booster cylinder may reduce operating pressure

Hydraulic Volumes

Close 1 (one) pair of Rams 32 cubic inches

Open 1 (one) pair of Rams 28 cubic inches

Close Booster Shear Rams 122 cubic inches

Ratio Hydraulic Pressure:Well Pressure 9:1

Dimensions 33.33” tall x 61.3” wide

Weight 1,100 lbs

Options

Debooster Assembly Internal or external

Adapter Flanges Top, bottom & side - All standard unions

Test Fixtures Blank box and/or lift plug

Change Rod Assembly Ram change rod

11
Well Control Equipment
Blowout Preventers (BOP)

TOT 3.06" 10,000 psi Quad BOP

-20°F to 250°F H2S Service

-25°F to 250°F North Sea Service

Temperature & Service
-50°F to 200°F Arctic Service

75°F to 500°F Steam

Connections

Top End 3.06” BX-154 Studded Flange

Lower End 3.06” BX-154 Open Flange

Side Outlet 2.06” BX-152 Studded Outlet

Coiled Tubing Range 1.00” to 2.00”

Hydraulic Operating Range

1,500psi Minimum - 3,000psi Maximum
Booster cylinder may reduce operating pressure

Hydraulic Volumes

Close 1 (one) pair of Rams 32 cubic inches

Open 1 (one) pair of Rams 28 cubic inches

Close Booster Shear Rams 122 cubic inches

Ratio Hydraulic Pressure:Well Pressure 9:1

Dimensions 37.13” tall x 61.5” wide

Weight 1,300 lbs

Options

Debooster Assembly Internal or external

Adapter Flanges Top, bottom & side - All standard unions

Test Fixtures Blank box and/or lift plug

Change Rod Assembly Ram change rod for bonnets

12
 Well Control Equipment
Blowout Preventers (BOP)

TOT 3.06" 15,000 psi Quad BOP

-20°F to 250°F H2S Service

-25°F to 250°F North Sea Service

Temperature & Service
-50°F to 200°F Arctic Service

75°F to 500°F Steam

Connections

Top End 3.06” 15M BX-154 Studded Flange

Lower End 3.06” 15M BX-154 Open Flange

Side Outlet 2.06” 15M BX-152 Studded Outlet

Coiled Tubing Range 1.00” to 2.00”

Hydraulic Operating Range

1,500psi Minimum - 3,000psi Maximum
Booster cylinder may reduce operating pressure

Hydraulic Volumes

Close 1 (one) pair of pipe rams 46 cubic inches

Open 1 (one) pair of shear rams 42 cubic inches

Close one pair of shear rams 112.9 cubic inches

Open one pair of shear rams 105.8 cubic inches

Ratio Hydraulic Pressure:Well Pressure 12.25:1

Dimensions 50.00” tall x 59.88” wide

Weight 2,700 lbs

Options

Debooster Assembly Internal or external

Adapter Flanges Top, bottom & side - All standard unions

Quick connect guards To protect hydraulic fittings

Test Fixtures Blank box

13
Well Control Equipment
Blowout Preventers (BOP)

TOT 4.06" 10,000 psi Quad BOP

-20°F to 250°F H2S Service

-25°F to 250°F North Sea Service

Temperature & Service
-50°F to 200°F Arctic Service

75°F to 500°F Steam

Connections

Top End 4.06” 10M BX-155 Studded Flange

Lower End 4.06” 10M BX-155 Open Flange

Side Outlet 2.06” 10M BX-152 Studded Outlet

Coiled Tubing Range 1.25” to 2.87”

Hydraulic Operating Range

1,500psi Minimum - 3,000psi Maximum
Booster cylinder may reduce operating pressure

Hydraulic Volumes

Close 1 (one) pair of rams 148 cubic inches

Open 1 (one) pair of rams 128 cubic inches

Close booster shear rams 580 cubic inches

Ratio Hydraulic Pressure:Well Pressure 13:1

Dimensions 52.25” tall x 67.5” wide

Weight 3,500 lbs

Options

Debooster Assembly Internal or external

Adapter Flanges Top, bottom & side - All standard unions

Test Fixtures Blank box and/or lift plug

14
 Well Control Equipment
Blowout Preventers (BOP)

TOT 4.06" 15,000 psi Quad BOP

-20°F to 250°F H2S Service

-25°F to 250°F North Sea Service

Temperature & Service
-50°F to 200°F Arctic Service

75°F to 500°F Steam

Connections

Top End 4.06” 15M BX-155 Studded Flange

Lower End 4.06” 15M BX-155 Open Flange

Side Outlet 2.06” 15M BX-152 Studded Outlet

Coiled Tubing Range 1.25” to 2.87”

Hydraulic Operating Range

1,500psi Minimum - 3,000psi Maximum
Booster cylinder may reduce operating pressure

Hydraulic Volumes

Close 1 (one) pair of rams 184 cubic inches

Open 1 (one) pair of rams 170 cubic inches

Close booster shear rams 580 cubic inches

Ratio Hydraulic Pressure:Well Pressure 13:1

Dimensions 63.25” tall x 83.50” wide

Weight 8,900 lbs

Options

Debooster Assembly Internal or external

Adapter Flanges Top, bottom & side - All standard unions

Test Fixtures Blank box and/or lift plug

15
Well Control Equipment
Blowout Preventers (BOP)

TOT 5.12" 10,000 psi Quad BOP

-20°F to 250°F H2S Service

-25°F to 250°F North Sea Service

Temperature & Service
-50°F to 200°F Arctic Service

75°F to 500°F Steam

Connections

Top End 5.12” 10M BX-169 Studded Flange

Lower End 5.12” 10M BX-169 Open Flange

Side Outlet 2.06” 10M BX-152 Studded Outlet

Coiled Tubing Range 1.25” to 3.50”

Hydraulic Operating Range

1,500psi Minimum - 3,000psi Maximum
Booster cylinder may reduce operating pressure

Hydraulic Volumes

Close 1 (one) pair of rams 184 cubic inches

Open 1 (one) pair of pipe rams 167 cubic inches

Close 1 (one) pair of shear rams 462 cubic inches

Open 1 (one) pair of shear rams 424 cubic inches

Ratio Hydraulic Pressure:Well Pressure

Pipe rams 11:1

Shear rams 12.25:1

Dimensions 64.50” tall x 82.53” wide

Weight 9,000 lbs

Options

Debooster Assembly Internal or external

Adapter Flanges Top, bottom & side - All standard unions

Quick connect guards To protect hydraulic fittings

Test Fixtures Blank box and/or lift plug

Change rod assembly Standard

16
 Well Control Equipment
Stripper Packers

Stripper Packers
A stripper packer is a pressure-containing Changing the Packer Element
device designed to contain well bore pres-
sure during coiled tubing operations. It is with Coiled Tubing in the Well
the upper tool in the pressure control
stack. It is always mounted above the If the packer element begins to leak during
blowout preventer, and as close to the a job, you can change it out with the coiled
injector chains as possible. Its purpose is tubing still in the well.
to seal around the coiled tubing in dynamic
applications as the coiled tubing is run in 1. Close the BOP pipe rams.
and out of the well.
2. Bleed off the pressure above the
A stripper packer has a hydraulic piston BOP.
that squeezes the packer element around
the coiled tubing. The injector pushes the 3. Change out the packer element.
coiled tubing down through the stripper How you remove the packer ele-
packer, and then the coiled tubing tools are ment depends on the model. For
installed on the end of the coiled tubing. earlier designs, you remove the
The injector and stripper are then installed element from the top of the stripper
on the wellhead either with a flange con- packer. In newer designs, chang-
nection or a quick union connection. ing out the packers is easier, and it
can be done in less than 15 min-
The latest innovations for coiled tubing utes.
stripper packers have been in high pres-
sure applications. New designs have Stripper Packer Elements
decreased the overall height and made
them easier to use. • Polyurethane packers are the
standard. These have excellent
chemical and wear characteristics
Operation with a temperature range of -50°F
to 200°F.
Hydraulic pressure is required to operate • Viton and Nitrile Rubber
stripper packers. There is no manual Compounds are used primarily if
backup or locking device to use if hydraulic the surface well temperature
pressure is lost. These tools must be exceeds 180°F. Temperature
operated with a 4-way control valve. Pack- range is 0°F to 400°F. These
off and retract functions are required to packers do not have the same
operate safely. wear characteristics as
polyurethane.
Packing-off the Packer • Steam service packers are
available for 500°F steam service
1. Make sure the tubing is through the or geothermal applications.
packer. Applying pack-off pres-
sure without tubing in the Top Loading Stripper Packer
packer will cause severe dam-
age.
The top loading slip is the original design
2. Apply hydraulic pressure to the used for coiled tubing operations. It was
“pack-off” port. The force will ener- the first stripper packer designed strictly for
gize the packer and squeeze it coiled tubing. The stripper packer consists
around the coiled tubing. of a packer element contained between
two bushings. A double acting piston
squeezes the bushings together and
Retracting the Packer forces the packer to squeeze around the
coiled tubing.
Apply hydraulic pressure to the retract
port. The force will allow the packer to The upper section of the stripper packer is
relax and retract. called the split cap. This is composed of a
split housing containing the upper wear
bushings. The split cap is held in place
with retainer pins or it is threaded into the
body. The split cap is designed such that
the packer can be changed while tubing is
in the well.

17
Well Control Equipment
Stripper Packers

The conventional stripper packer will Conventional Stripper Packer

accept either a single packer or the split
insert with energizer. To prevent extrusion Stripper Packer
at the higher pressure, it has a hard teflon
non-extrusion ring plus bronze bushing The side door model has a unique design
retainers that overlap the seam in the split that allows the packer elements to be
cap. The hydraulic pack-off cylinder is replaced through a door below the injector
long stroke and double acting to enable mount flange. Changing packers with this
the operator to use hydraulic power to design is always easier, but it is particularly
change packers. advantageous when changing packers
with tubing in the well. Swing the two doors
To accommodate all of the various packer open and pump up the piston to expose
combinations, your hydraulic hand pump the packers with enough room to quickly
should have a 5,000psi working pressure. change the packers or the bushings.
You can operate the stripper packer with The side door stripper packer is available
either a pump with a 4-way valve and 2 in 2.50, 3.06, and 4.06 bore sizes with
hoses, or a single pump with one hose. If working pressure to 15,000psi accommo-
you use a single hose, be sure that the dating up to 2.875 coiled tubing.
quick connectors do not have check
valves, as they will prevent you from
operating the stripper packer normally.
To change the packer inserts while the tub-
ing is in the well

1. Make the last movement down-

ward, with hydraulic pressure on
the upper side of the piston. This
will help you remove all loading on
the retainer pins.

2. Remove the pin clips and retainer

pins.

3. Apply hydraulic pressure to the

lower side of the piston (same as
pack-off). The force will push the TOT Side Door Stripper Packer
split cap and non-extrusion rings,
and approximately one-half of the The TOT Stripper Packer features:
energizer and packer inserts up
out of the housing for easy chang- • The packing elements and
ing. bushings can be replaced through
the open door below the injector.
Apply hydraulic pressure to the upper side Changing packers is easy through
of the piston through the port on the edge the side door even with tubing in
of the flange. The force will move the pis- the well.
ton down, making it easy to reassemble • New designs contain independent
the packer, non-extrusion ring, split cap packer piston and retract piston.
and pins. • Well pressure assist.
• Working pressures up to 15,000psi.
• An increased open door length to
simplify the installation of hang-off
slips, without the need for a
separate window.
• A threaded bottom connection
allows convenient replacement in
the event one is damaged or to
change connections.
• Removal of the packers and
bushings leaves a full through bore
for passage of larger tools.

18
 Well Control Equipment
Stripper Packers

Sidewinder Stripper Packer ing to raise the height of the stripper

packer. For earlier stripper packers that
The Sidewinder stripper packer is have a split cap with retainer pins, install a
designed to pack-off on a full range of new split cap that increases the length and
coiled tubing sizes as it is stripped in and uses a longer bushing.
out of the well. This design incorporates
the unique feature of the ability to fully Inhibitor Injection
retract the packer elements and wear Two common causes of packer wear are
bushings from the vertical well bore. dry, rusty pipe, and dry gas. Putting dry,
Features include: rusty pipe in the well will cause excessive
damage to the packer. The damage may
• The packers actuated with two
opposing rams, allowing the overall be so severe that you will have to change
height to be reduced substantially. the packer before the job is complete.
• Full through bore availability. Spraying the coiled tubing before it is
• Manual retract bushings or stripped through the stripper packer will
hydraulic retract bushings. reduce the wear on the packer and
• Retracting the actuator out of the increase the life. One method of lubricat-
body exposes the packers and ing the coiled tubing is to spray lubricants
enables easy access to change the on the coiled tubing as it comes off the
packers. reel. However, some locations may pro-
hibit this method for environmental rea-
The Sidewinder Stripper Packer is avail- sons. Another method involves making
able in 3.06, 4.06, 5.12, 6.375 and 7.06 the upper section of the stripper packer
bore sizes with working pressures up to into an injection inhibitor. While this
15,000psi. method requires special bushings and
hoses, it is an environmentally acceptable
method for spaying the pipe.

A stripper packer with an inhibitor injection

device sprays a uniform film on the coiled
tubing before it goes through the stripper
packer. An injection inhibitor can be incor-
porated in the stripper packer, or a special
adapter flange can be made to mount
below the stripper packer. Because the
port must be located below the packer, it
Sidewinder Stripper Packer requires a high pressure pump to pump
with Injector Connector the inhibitor in against well pressure.

Anti-Buckling Device Test Pressure

Coiled tubing can buckle between the The test pressure should be limited to the
chains and the top of the stripper packer lowest pressure determined by the follow-
when you use high snubbing loads. This ing constraints:
buckling of the coiled tubing at the surface • The rated working pressure of the
can be avoided by minimizing the length of stripper packer.
unsupported coiled tubing between the • The lowest rated working pressure
stripper packer and the chains. The of any component in the stack.
unsupported length should be held to a • The rated collapse pressure of the
maximum length of four inches. coiled tubing.
There are two ways to reduce the distance Test Procedure
between the stripper packer and the Test the stripper packer before starting
chains. each job.
1. Modify the stripper packer mount to 1. Test all of the hydraulic functions.
raise it up. Make sure the stripper packer
2. Increase the length of the top of the opens and operates in a smooth
stripper packer. manner.
2. Install a test rod or coiled tubing in
Increasing the length of the stripper packer the stripper.
is easy with an anti-buckling device. You 3. Pack-off around the coiled tubing.
mount the anti-buckling device to the top of 4. Apply the necessary test pressure.
the stripper packer. It uses an extra bush-

19
Well Control Equipment
Stripper Packers

Specifications

TOT 2.50" 10M “DS74” Side Door Stripper Packer

-20°F to 250°F H2S Service

-25°F to 250°F North Sea Service

Temperature & Service
-50°F to 200°F Arctic Service

75°F to 500°F Steam

Connections

Quick union, flange or Hydraconn con-

Lower End
nection

Coiled Tubing Range 1.00” to 1.75”

5,000 psi Maximum - depends on coiled

Hydraulic Operating Range
tubing

Hydraulic Volumes

Pack-Off 213 cubic inches

Retract 64 cubic inches

Ratio Hydraulic Pressure:Well Pressure

1.00” Coiled Tubing 2.5:1

1.25” Coiled Tubing 2.7:1

1.50” Coiled Tubing 2.8:1

1.75” Coiled Tubing 3.1:1

Dimensions 36.34” tall x 11.40” OD

Weight 250 lbs

20
 Well Control Equipment
Stripper Packers

TOT 2.50" 10M “DT74” Tandem Side Door Stripper Packer

-20°F to 250°F H2S Service

-25°F to 250°F North Sea Service

Temperature & Service
-50°F to 200°F Arctic Service

75°F to 500°F Steam

Connections

Upper End Quick union or Flange

Lower End Quick union or Flange

Coiled Tubing Range 1.00” to 2.00”

5,000 psi Maximum - depends on coiled

Hydraulic Operating Pressure
tubing size

Hydraulic Volumes

Pack-Off 387 cubic inches

Retract 72 cubic inches

Ratio Hydraulic Pressure:Well Pressure

1.00” Coiled Tubing 2.45:1

1.25” Coiled Tubing 2.54:1

1.50” Coiled Tubing 2.67:1

1.75” Coiled Tubing 2.84:1

Dimensions 45.3” tall x 13.25” OD

Weight 300 lbs

21
Well Control Equipment
Stripper Packers

TOT 3.06" 10M “DST4” Sidewinder Stripper Packer

-20°F to 250°F H2S Service

-25°F to 250°F North Sea Service

Temperature & Service
-50°F to 200°F Arctic Service

75°F to 500°F Steam

Connections

Upper End 3.06 10M BX-154 Studded Flange

Lower End 3.06 10M BX-154 Open Flange

Coiled Tubing Range 1.25” to 2.375”

3,000 psi Maximum - depends on coiled

Hydraulic Operating Pressure
tubing size

Hydraulic Connections 1/4” NPT

Hydraulic Volumes

Pack-Off 60 cubic inches

Retract 53 cubic inches

Dimensions 25.13” tall x 46.87” wide x 20.65” deep

Weight 2,900 lbs

22
 Well Control Equipment
Stripper Packers

TOT 3.06" 10M “DSH4” Side Door Stripper Packer

-20°F to 250°F H2S Service

-25°F to 250°F North Sea Service

Temperature & Service
-50°F to 200°F Arctic Service

75°F to 500°F Steam

Connections

Quick union, flange or Hydraconn con-

Lower End
nection

Coiled Tubing Range 1.25” to 2.375”

3,000 psi Maximum - depends on coiled

Hydraulic Operating Pressure
tubing size

Hydraulic Volumes

Pack-Off 16.5 cubic inches

Retract 21.5 cubic inches

Close Window 116 cubic inches

Open Windows 36 cubic inches

Dimensions 43.38” tall x 11.40 OD

Weight 340 lbs

23
Well Control Equipment
Stripper Packers

TOT 3.06" 10M “DTH4” Tandem Side Door Stripper Packer

-20°F to 250°F H2S Service

-25°F to 250°F North Sea Service

Temperature & Service
-50°F to 200°F Arctic Service

75°F to 500°F Steam

Connections

Quick union, flange or Hydraconn con-

Lower End
nection

Coiled Tubing Range 1.25” to 2.375”

3,000 psi Maximum - depends on coiled

Hydraulic Operating Pressure
tubing size

Hydraulic Volumes

Pack-Off 16.5 cubic inches

Retract 21.5 cubic inches

Close Window 225 cubic inches

Open Windows 45 cubic inches

Dimensions 48.8” tall x 11.40 OD

Weight 450 lbs

24
 Well Control Equipment
Quick Latches

Quick Latches
Rigging up pressure control equipment is a the fluid to drain back into the handpump.
time consuming task. Working with the The tool has a spring return that will pro-
cranes and slings to lift the equipment and vide enough force to close and lock the
install it on the well can be dangerous. locking dogs into position.
The quick latch is a pressure control tool
that makes the rigging process quicker and Two models are in the field at this time:
safer. It is operated with a hydraulic
source. • The most popular has a lock/
indicator that prevents the tool from
A quick latch is like a very big air or being opened until you move the
hydraulic quick connect. It saves time lock out of the way.
because the operator does not have to • The second model has a well
stab a flange connection or a quick union pressure lock that operates with
with a crane. It is safer because a person 200psi. Well pressure of 200psi
does not have to stand to align the flange will force a lock into a position that
or quick union. Instead, the crane operator will prevent the tool from being
guides the mating pieces of the quick latch opened. Well pressure must be
together. released for this one to open.
Hydraulic working pressure
The quick latch is normally the last con- 3,000psi maximum.
nection made during the coiled tubing rig
up.

1. Install the BOP and flow lines on

the well head and mount the strip-
per to the injector.

2. Stab the coiled tubing into the strip-

per packer and make up the tools.

3. Pick up the injector, and use the

quick latch to stab it onto the BOP
stack. Note that you do not have to
make up a flange or union.

Hydraconns
Quick Latch located between the BOP
and the Stripper Packer.

The Hydraconn is designed to facilitate a

secure connection between the coiled tub- TOT Hydraconn
ing BOP and stripper packer while provid-
ing an elevated level of personal safety by Injector Connectors
minimizing the need for operator assis-
tance during rig-up of the pressure control
stack. The Hydraconn is constructed to Quick Latch between the Stripper
provide a safe and reliable connection in a Packer and the Injector Head
compact and rugged design. The Hydra-
conn incorporates a tapered seal bore that The injector connector is used as a tool to
facilitates stabbing the connection. A connect the pressure control equipment to
safety latch with a manual override and an the injector head. It is mounted above the
indicator are included to prevent an unin- stripper packer and is therefore a non-
tentional release while operating with well pressure containing device.
pressure in the stack.
Operation
Operation
Hydraulic pressure is required to open or
Hydraulic pressure is required to open or unlatch this tool. To close or latch the tool,
unlatch the tool. To close or latch the tool, release the hydraulic pressure and let the
release the hydraulic pressure and allow fluid flow back into the handpump.

25
Well Control Equipment
Quick Latches

Hydraulic working pressure is 3,000psi which is capable of sealing against the

maximum. 15,000psi working pressure or the
22,500psi test pressure. The multiple
redundancy is to accommodate the heavy,
sometimes brutal latching experienced
when handling the large lift/frame on a
semi-submersible vessel in heavy seas.

JIC Connector

Hydraulic Releasing Connector

The JHS hydraulic releasing connector is
designed to facilitate the connection of the
BOP and/or lift frame to the wellhead or
drill pipe, making this procedure quick with
increased operator safety.

The JHS connector is comprised of two

mating sections. The skirt section is
installed in the lower spreader bar of the lift
frame or the BOP, and the stinger section
is connected to the wellhead or drill pipe.
These two sections are latched together by
a collet mechanism as part of the stinger Hydraulic Releasing Connector
section. The collet mechanism is attached
to the stinger section and retracted by an
integral hydraulic cylinder during the latch-
ing and unlatching sequence.

When latching, the collet is retracted and

the skirt is lowered over the stinger. The
weight of the skirt and spreader bar will
collapse the collet fingers until the lugs of
the collet spring into position in the recess
machined into the skirt section. This
allows the stinger to fully engage the skirt.
The release of hydraulic pressure will then
allow the spring to return the collet to the
extended and locked position.

The connector can be unlatched by

hydraulically retracting the cylinder and
collet, allowing the skirt to be removed
from the center section. In the event of a
hydraulic failure, a manual override mech-
anism is attached to retract the collet by
using the three tension bolts that are pro-
vided on the manual override.

The seal between the stinger and skirt is

formed by three independent seals each of

26
 Well Control Equipment
Unions & Flanges

Unions & Flanges

Unions are a quick and easy method to There are several types of quick unions on
attach pressure control equipment. Also the market being used for pressure control
known as quick unions, the unions have an equipment. The three most common are
elastomer seal for the well bore pressure. Bowen type, Otis type and TOT type
The seal is either on the box or pin con- unions. The following pages have draw-
nection depending on the type of union. ings of the unions along with sizes and
The quick union is comprised of four com- pressure ratings. This is a quick reference
ponents, which consist of the box end, pin chart that should help to identify what type
end, union nut, and seal. The pin end is of union you may have.
stabbed into the box end and the union nut
holds everything in place. Quick unions The unions do not interchange with each
offer a quick method of assembling pres- other so make sure when ordering parts
sure control equipment as opposed to bolt- you know what type of union you need.
ing up flanges.

CB Unions
Bowen Interchange
Pressure
Size Name Description Service
Rating
2.00 CB11 4.06dia/4 Acme 3.00 Seal Bore Standard 5,000 psi
2.00 CB12 4.06dia/4 Acme 3.00 Seal Bore H2S 5,000 psi
2.00 CB13 4.06dia/4 Acme 3.00 Seal Bore Standard 10,000 psi
2.56 CB21 4.75dia/4 Acme 3.75 Seal Bore Standard 5,000 psi
2.56 CB22 4.75dia/4 Acme 3.75 Seal Bore H2S 5,000 psi
2.50 CB23 4.75dia/4 Acme 3.75 Seal Bore Standard 10,000 psi
2.56 CB24 6.31dia/4 Acme 3.75 Seal Bore H2S 10,000 psi
2.56 CB26 6.31dia/4 Acme 3.75 Seal Bore H2S 15,000 psi
3.06 CB31 5.50dia/4 Double Acme 4.37 Seal Bore Standard 5,000 psi
3.06 CB32 5.50dia/4 Double Acme 4.37 Seal Bore H2S 5,000 psi
3.06 CB33 5.50dia/4 Double Acme 4.37 Seal Bore Standard 10,000 psi
3.06 CB34 6.31dia/4 Acme 4.37 Seal Bore H2S 10,000 psi
3.06 CB36 7.00dia/5 Stub Acme 4.87 Seal Bore H2S 15,000 psi
4.00 CB41 6.00dia/4 Double Acme 4.87 Seal Bore Standard 5,000 psi
4.00 CB42 6.00dia/4 Double Lead 4.87 Seal Bore H2S 5,000 psi
4.00 CB44 8.25dia/4 Double Acme 6.00 Seal Bore H2S 10,000 psi
5.00 CB51 8.25dia/4 Double Acme 6.75 Seal Bore Standard 5,000 psi
5.00 CB52 8.25dia/4 Double Acme 6.75 Seal Bore H2S 5,000 psi
5.00 CB53 8.875dia/4 Double Acme 6.50 Seal Bore Standard 10,000 psi
5.00 CB54 9.15dia/4 Double Acme 6.75 Seal Bore H2S 10,000 psi
6.00 CB61 9.875dia/4 Double Acme 8.00 Seal Bore Standard 5,000 psi
6.00 CB62 9.875dia/4 Double Acme 8.00 Seal Bore H2S 5,000 psi

27
Well Control Equipment
Unions & Flanges

CH, CQ Unions
TOT Unions
Pressure
Size Name Description Service
Rating
1.50 CH04 3.37dia/4 Acme 1.93 Seal Bore H2S 10,000 psi
2.56 CH23 5.06dia/2 Stub Acme 3.25 Seal Bore Standard 10,000 psi
2.56 CH24 5.25dia/4 Acme 3.37 Seal Bore H2S 10,000 psi
5.00 CH25 5.755dia/4 Acme 3.37 Seal Bore Standard 15,000 psi
2.56 CH26 6.50dia/4 Acme 3.75 Seal Bore H2S 15,000 psi
2.56 CH28 8.25dia/4 Acme 3.75 Seal Bore H2S 20,000 psi
3.06 CH31 5.06dia/2 Stub Acme 3.50 Seal Bore Standard 5,000 psi
3.05 CH33 5.25dia/4 Acme 3.75 Seal Bore Standard 10,000 psi
3.06 CH34 5.75dia/4 Acme 3.75 Seal Bore H2S 10,000 psi
3.06 CH35 6.50dia/4 Acme 4.00 Seal Bore Standard 15,000 psi
3.06 CH36 7.50dia/4 Acme 4.50 Seal Bore H2S 15,000 psi
4.00 CH42 7.00dia/2 Stub 5.25 Seal Bore H2S 5,000 psi
5.00 CH51 7.50dia/2 Stub 6.187 Seal Bore Standard 5,000 psi
5.00 CH54 9.62dia/4 Acme 6.75 Seal Bore H2S 10,000 psi
6.00 CH61 9.50dia/2 Stub Acme 7.62 Seal Bore Standard 5,000 psi
2.56 CQ24 6.31dia/4 Acme 3.75 Seal Bore H2S 10,000 psi
4.06 CQ44 10.00dia/2 Stub Acme 7.50 Seal Bore H2S 10,000 psi

28
 Well Control Equipment
Unions & Flanges

CO Unions
Otis Interchange
Pressure
Size Name Description Service
Rating
2.62 CO16 5.75dia/4 Acme 4.00 Seal Bore H2S 15,000psi
2.56 CO21 5.00dia/4 Acme 3.50 Seal Bore Std. 5,000psi
2.56 CO22 5.00dia/4 Acme 3.50 Seal Bore H2S 5,000psi
2.56 CO23 5.00dia/4 Acme 3.50 Seal Bore Std. 10,000spi
2.56 CO24 5.00dia/4 Acme 3.50 Seal Bore H2S 10,000spi
2.50 CO25 5.00dia/4 Acme 3.50 Seal Bore Std. 15,000psi
2.62 CO26 6.25dia/4 Acme 4.00 Seal Bore H2S 15,000psi
2.56 CO28 6.25dia/4 Acme 4.00 Seal Bore H2S 20,000spi
3.00 CO31 5.00dia/4 Acme 3.50 Seal Bore Std. 5,000psi
3.00 CO32 5.75dia/4 Acme 4.00 Seal Bore H2S 5,000psi
3.00 CO34 5.75dia/4 Acme 4.00 Seal Bore H2S 10,000spi
3.00 CO36 7.50dia/4 Acme 5.50 Seal Bore H2S 15,000psi
4.00 CO41 6.50dia/4 Acme 4.75 Seal Bore Std. 5,000psi
4.00 CO42 8.37/dia/4 Acme 5.25 Seal Bore H2S 5,000psi
4.00 CO43 6.50dia/4 Acme 4.75 Seal Bore Std. 10,000spi
4.00 CO44 8.37/dia/4 Acme 5.25 Seal Bore H2S 10,000spi
4.00 CO46 9.50/dia/4 Acme 6.25 Seal Bore H2S 15,000psi
5.00 CO51 8.25dia/4 Acme 6.18 Seal Bore Std. 5,000spi
5.00 CO52 9.00dia/4 Acme 6.75 Seal Bore H2S 5,000psi
5.00 CO53 8.25dia/4 Acme 6.18 Seal Bore Std. 10,000psi
5.00 CO54 9.00dia/4 Acme 6.75 Seal Bore H2S 10,000spi
5.00 CO56 12.25dia/4 Acme 7.00 Seal Bore H2S 15,000psi
6.375 CO61 8.75dia/4 Acme 7.50 Seal Bore Std. 5,000psi
6.375 CO62 9.50dia/4 Acme 8.00 Seal Bore H2S 5,000psi
6.3750 CO64 11.50dia/4 Acme 8.25 Seal Bore H2S 10,000spi
9.00 CO92 12.00dia/4 Acme 10.312 Seal Bore H2S 5,000psi

29
Well Control Equipment
Unions & Flanges
30
 Well Control Equipment
Unions & Flanges

5,000psi Working Pressure Flange Dimensions

Nominal Size 2.06 2.56 3.125 4.06 5.125 7.06
Ring Groove Designation R-24 R-27 R-35 R-39 R-44 R-46
“A” Ring Groove Width .469 .469 .469 .469 .469 .531
“B” Ring Groove Pitch Dia. 3.750 4.250 5.375 6.375 7.625 8.313
“C” Ring Groove Depth .313 .313 .313 .313 .313 .375
“D” Flange OD 8.500 9.625 10.500 12.250 14.750 15.500
“E” Bolt Hole Size 1.00 1.125 1.250 1.375 1.625 1.500
“F” Bolt Circle Dia. 6.500 7.500 8.000 9.500 11.500 12.500
Bolt Diameter .875 1.000 1.125 1.250 1.500 1.375
Number of Bolts 8 8 8 8 12 12
“G” Flange Raised Face Dia. 4.875 5.375 6.625 7.625 9.000 9.750
“H” Bore Diameter 2.063 2.563 3.125 4.063 5.125 7.063
“J” Thickness of Flange 1.813 1.938 2.188 2.438 3.188 3.625
“K” Chamfer Depth .125 .125 .125 .125 .125 .250
“L” Radius of Hub .125 .125 .125 .125 .125 .125
“M” Diameter of Hub 4.125 4.875 5.250 6.375 7.750 9.000

10,000psi Working Pressure Flange Dimensions

Nominal Size 2.06 2.56 3.06 4.06 5.12 7.06
Ring Groove Designation BX-152 BX-153 BX-154 BX-155 BX-169 BX-156
“A” Ring Groove Width .498 .554 .606 .698 .666 .921
“B” Ring Groove OD 3.395 4.046 4.685 5.930 6.955 9.521
“C” Ring Groove Depth .234 .265 .296 .328 .375 .438
“D” Flange OD 7.875 9.125 10.625 12.438 14.062 18.875
“E” Bolt Hole Size .875 1.000 1.125 1.250 1.250 1.625
“F” Bolt Circle Diameter 6.250 7.250 8.500 10.188 11.813 15.875
Bolt Diameter .750 .875 1.000 1.125 1.125 1.500
Number of Bolts 8 8 8 8 12 12
“G” Flange Raised Face Dia. 4.375 5.188 6.000 7.281 8.688 11.875
“H” Bore Diameter 2.063 2.563 3.063 4.063 5.125 7.063
“J” Thickness of Flange 1.734 2.015 2.296 2.765 3.125 4.062
“K” Chamfer Depth .125 .125 .125 .125 .125 .250
“L” Radius of Hub .375 .375 .375 .375 .375 .625
“M” Diameter of Hub 3.938 4.750 5.594 7.188 8.813 11.875

15,000psi Working Pressure Flange Dimensions

Nominal Size 2.06 2.56 3.06 4.06 7.06
Ring Groove Designation BX-152 BX-153 BX-154 BX-155 BX-156
“A” Ring Groove Width .498 .554 .606 .698 .921
“B” Ring Groove OD 3.395 4.046 4.685 5.930 9.521
“C” Ring Groove Depth .234 .265 .296 .328 .438
“D” Flange OD 8.750 10.000 11.313 14.188 19.875
“E” Bolt Hole Size 1.000 1.125 1.250 1.500 1.625
“F” Bolt Circle Diameter 6.875 7.875 9.062 11.438 16.875
Bolt Diameter .875 1.000 1.125 1.375 1.500
Number of Bolts 8 8 8 8 12
“G” Flange Raised Face Diameter 4.500 5.250 6.063 7.625 12.000
“H” Bore Diameter 2.063 2.563 3.063 4.063 7.063
“J” Thickness of Flange 2.000 2.250 2.531 3.094 4.688
“K” Chamfer Depth .125 .125 .125 .125 .250
“L” Radius of Hub .375 .375 .375 .375 .625
“M” Diameter of Hub 3.938 4.750 5.594 7.188 11.875

31
Well Control Equipment
Maintenance & Field Inspection

Maintenance & Field Inspection

Suggested Maintenance Schedule
After every job remove the rams and Critical areas that must be examined
inspect all ram rubber seals. Clean the include the bonnet o-ring face, the bonnet
BOP body, bonnet and rams. Remove all seal areas, and the ram bores. These
trace of well fluids. areas are usually the areas that corrosion
will start.
Once a month, remove all rams, actuators,
equalizing valves, and flanges. Thoroughly The following is an individual part detail of
clean all of the items. Grease and assem- what to look out for during inspections.
ble to proper technical manual.
BOP Body: Visually inspect the ring
Once a year, disassemble completely and grooves looking for pitting on the angles of
replace all of the seals. the grooves. If the pitting breaks the sur-
face and into the groove it is too much.
After two years, strip down and perform Ring grooves can be machined to remove
NDE on parts exposed to well fluids, the corrosion.
replace any worn parts.
Inspect the ram bores. On a quad the
Every four years in service, strip down per- upper half of the ram bore is the sealing
form NDE on all critical items. Replace area of the rams. If corrosion has allowed
any worn parts. the pitting to get deeper than .010" this is
too much.
Two Year NDE requirements:
Inspect the equalizing valve ports. There
All parts exposed to the well fluids will are two 3/16 drilled holes in each equaliz-
have to be inspected by NDE methods. ing valve that must be free of debris. If
The preferred NDE test would be a wet these holes are stopped up they must be
magnetic particle testing. Not all parts can cleaned out. You can use a small 1/8" - 3/
be tested in this method. If the parts can 16" steel rod with a point on the end to
not be inspected with MPI then a dye pen- help clean out the holes. Caution: Using a
etrant test will have to be conducted. power hand held drill or other power tool is
not recommended. The drill bit may break
Four Year NDE requirements: off in the equalizing port. Inspect the
equalizing valve seal bore, look for corro-
All parts exposed to the well fluids, loaded sion or scratches on the seal surface.
by well pressure or pressure containing will
have to be inspected by NDE methods. Check the area of the body where the bon-
The preferred NDE test would be a wet net o-rings seal. On most BOP's this is
magnetic particle testing. Not all parts can within a half inch of the ram bore. Pitting in
be tested in this method. If the parts can this area is unacceptable.
not be inspected with MPI then a dye pen-
etrant test will have to be conducted. Examine the studs; make sure there are
no damaged threads. If the threads are
Field Inspections damaged, you can used a small thread file
(triangular in shape) to remove any sharp
TOT Coiled Tubing BOP's edges or burrs.

The last item to check is the well monitor-

Begin by disassembling the BOP. Refer to ing port. This must be free of debris like
the proper technical manual for the
detailed instructions for disassembly. the equalizing valve.
Clean all of the parts either with a steam Perform surface NDE on this part every
washer, solvents, or other means. All of
the dirt, rust, and scale must be removed. two years.

Corrosion is the main cause for a BOP to Bonnet: Visually inspect the o-ring
leak. How much corrosion is too much? groove. Look for damaged areas including
Any corrosion that causes pitting in the pitting. Visually inspect the well bore pis-
base material is too much. The pitting will ton rod seal area. If there is corrosion that
directly effect the sealing capabilities of the has caused pitting .010" deep, the bonnet
rear seal, o-ring, and polypak seals. must be replaced.

32
 Well Control Equipment
Maintenance & Field Inspection

Inspect the weep hole and the hydraulic Perform surface NDE on this part every
seal bore area. Inspect the threads, two years.
remove any nicks or burrs with a small
thread file. If the bonnet has hydraulic Cylinder: Inspect the threads, remove
porting, inspect all of the ports. The lead- any nicks or burrs with emery cloth, or a
ing 15 degree bevel on the hydraulic ports polishing wheel. Inspect the seal bore.
is a seal area; this must have a good seal There should not be any scratches in the
surface. Check the seal area where the bore, polish any nicks or scratches with a
hydraulic ports go through the BOP body. fine emery cloth.
Screwdriver pry marks are common on the
o-ring groove for this seal. Perform a surface NDE on this part every
four years
Perform surface NDE on this part every
two years. Non-Rising Stem: The end of the non-
rising stem that sticks out the back of the
Rams: Most rams are stainless and hydraulic cap is susceptible to environ-
should not have any corrosion. Inspect the mental corrosion. Water that collects in
guides on the pipe rams they should not this area tends to start corrosion. A gen-
have any sharp edges. Inspect the rear erous amount of grease kept on this end
seal groove, there should not be any corro- will minimize the corrosion rate. Replace
sion in this area. Any pitting on the OD or the stem if corrosion has started. A leak
seal area and the ram should be replaced. on this stem can prevent the rams from
closing properly. Examine the threads of
Perform surface NDE on this part every the sleeve nut and make sure the sleeve
two years. nut moves freely the entire length of the
threads. The thread is a left hand thread.
Slip Inserts: Slip inserts are one part of
the BOP that will wear out. The teeth Perform a surface NDE on this part every
should be sharp. If the crest of the tooth four years.
has a flat area of .02" that is too much. Of
course, some areas of the slip insert may Sleeve Nut: Rarely will this part get dam-
have teeth that are dull. If 25% of the teeth aged. Make sure the sleeve nut threads
have flat areas then the slip must be easily on and off of the Non-rising stem.
replaced. The outer edges of the slip The slots on either side of the sleeve nut
inserts will normally wear first. that the hex keys slide into can get dam-
aged, use a small file and remove any
Shear Blades: Shear blades are nicks or burrs from the slot.
designed to shear the coiled tubing. If the
blades have pitting on any area the blades Perform a surface NDE on this part every
must be replaced. If the cutting edge of four years.
the blades are chipped or cracked they
must be replaced. TOT shear blades will Hydraulic Cap: Visually inspect the
cut several times without damage. These threads and the O-ring groove behind the
tests have been done on new blades not threads. Inspect the small ID of the
exposed to well fluids. Well fluids will hydraulic cap. This is where corrosion of
attack the shear blade and can cause the non-rising stem may also cause dam-
damage to the blades. age to the hydraulic cap. Inspect the indi-
cator rod seal and seal retainer. Make
Piston Rods: Inspect the area exposed sure you replace the indicator rod seal.
to well fluids look for tiny pits in the stain- When tightening the hydraulic cap on the
less, this is a sign the well fluids are attack- cylinder do not let the wrench grip the cap
ing the metal and the parts should be in the area of the indicator rod. The
replaced. Inspect the ram guides. If the wrench may damage the indicator rod or
ram guides are damaged replace the the hole for the indicator rod.
entire piston rod. The ram guide and pis-
ton rod are normally sold as a set. Nor- Perform a surface NDE on this part every
mally you will have to polish the smooth four years.
sealing area of the piston rod, use a fine
emery cloth and polish lightly. Closing Tube Assembly: The closing
tube is stainless steel, which is resistant to
Inspect the woodruff (half moon) key slot in rust. Paint on the closing tube can make it
the piston rod. Remove any sharp edges difficult to take apart. It would be easier if
that might damage the seal when the rod is all of the paint was removed from the clos-
installed in the bonnet. Remove any burrs ing tube. There is very little that can go
from the woodruff key with a file.

33
Well Control Equipment
Maintenance & Field Inspection

wrong with these parts unless the threads to begin with. These are not covered in
or seal areas are damaged. Visually this procedure.
inspect them for damage.
Bushing Stack: The bushings at the
Indicator Rod: The indicator rod may upper end of the stripper packer are guide
bend, check to make sure the rods are bushings and the main function is to guide
straight and there are no nicks or the coiled tubing and prevent it from buck-
scratches on the OD. ling between the chains and the packer.
The top one will normally wear out faster
Front and Rear Seals: These seals than the others. It is important that you
should be inspected after each job. If any check the wear on these frequently.
noticeable loss of rubber is observed, the
seals should be replaced. If the bond Well bore seal grooves: The items that
between the rubber and the metal plates house the well bore seals are critical.
begins to separate, the seals should be Damaged seals and corrosion are the
replaced. most common cause for this item to leak.

TOT Stripper packers The remaining sections are specific details

for certain models of stripper packers.
Begin by disassembling the Stripper
Packer. Refer to the proper technical DS34 Stripper Packers
manual for the detailed instructions for dis- Split Caps: If the split cap is threaded on,
assembly. Clean all of the parts either with inspect the threads carefully and make
a steam washer, solvents, or other means. sure it threads all the way down into the
All of the dirt, rust, and scale must be housing. Corrosion is the most common
removed. reason to replace this item.
Worn out packers and bushings are the Perform NDE on this part every two years.
main reason a stripper will leak. Examina-
tion of the packers and bushing after each If the split cap has pins that retain it in
job is critical. The packer should be place make sure the pins are in good con-
replaced after every job. Corrosion is dition and the clips are used properly.
another cause for the Stripper Packer to Both of these items are stainless and cor-
leak. How much corrosion is too much? rosion is normally not a problem.
Any corrosion that causes pitting in the
base material is too much. The pitting will Perform NDE on the split cap and retainer
directly effect the sealing capabilities of the pins every two years.
well bore seal, o-rings, and polypak seals.
Lower connection: This part has the
Critical areas that must be examined seal grooves for the well bore and hydrau-
include the well bore seal groove and seal- lic seals. Make sure these areas are not
ing area. The upper bushing stack and damaged by the corrosion. If there is cor-
bushing sleeve are susceptible to corro- rosion, the seals will not last as long and
sion. The bushings themselves will not the tool will begin to leak. Weep holes are
corrode but the fluids get trapped between located between the well bore seals and
the bushings and the housing and tend to the hydraulic seals so there will always be
act as a catalyst for corrosion. an indication of when the seals are leak-
ing. Inspect the well bore port.
The following is an individual part detail of
what to look for during inspections. Perform surface NDE on this part every
two years.
Bushings: The critical bushings are
those just above and just below the Upper Housing: The upper housing has
packer. They prevent the packer from the hydraulic porting which should be
extruding. If these bushings are allowed to checked frequently. The upper housing
wear too much it will create a leak path for retains the packer and it should be
the packer. Replace the bushings if they inspected for corrosion in the packer area.
become worn. Worn is defined as wear
that can be measured with a caliper to be Perform surface NDE on this part every
.10" larger than the coiled tubing size (i.e two years.
for 1.25 coiled tubing 1.350 would be clas-
sified as worn). Note: There are special Cylinder Rings: The upper and/or lower
bushings available that are .050" oversized cylinder ring may have some wear marks
due to pressure. These are normal, corro-

34
 Well Control Equipment
Maintenance & Field Inspection

sion are not usually a problem with these All other parts: Visually inspect for any
but they can get damaged when removing damage. If the parts are damaged, they
them from the upper housing. Replace the should be replaced.
cylinder ring if the seal areas are dam-
aged. Perform a surface NDE on critical parts
every four years.
Piston: After years of use the lower end
of the piston may become pitted. Replace Side Door
if the pitting is too excessive. The piston is
stainless and does resist most standard Packer & Non-Extrusion Rings: The
corrosion problems. Replace if the seal packers for these units are our blue and
areas are damaged. All OD surfaces of red interlock design. The red is always the
this part are sealing areas be careful when section on the top. Above the packer and
handling this item. in some cases below the packer, depend-
ing on the model, is the non-extrusion ring.
Perform a surface NDE on this part every The non-extrusion rings are designed to
two years. take as much of the wear as possible.
Pressure will extrude the edges of the non-
Sidewinder: The critical areas of the extrusion rings into the gaps around the
bushings. Replace when they become
sidewinder are the packers, energizers, worn or damaged.
and bushings. Replace the bushings if
they become worn.
Stripper Body: This is the main body of
Inspect the manual bushing caps, the the Stripper Packer. It consists of the two
union nut that retains them and the manual large plates and the four posts that hold
stem. Corrosion may be a problem. There them together. Perform a visual check on
is a grease port that should be greased the threads and the hydraulic ports.
regularly. The grease port is located on
the manual cap. Inspect the threads on Perform surface NDE on this part every
the union nut and on the retainer that is two years.
bolted to the body.
Seal Sub: The seal sub is the item that
Perform a surface NDE on these parts retains the well bore seals. Inspect the
every two years. seal grooves for corrosion, nicks, or burrs.
Carefully examine this item for corrosion.
Stripper Body: Treat this part as you If the seal sub has threads inspect the
would a BOP body. Inspect the seal areas threads for damage.
frequently. The bonnet seals are in a
counter bore of the main ram bore. Make Perform surface NDE on this part every
sure this area is free of corrosion. The o- two years.
ring on the manual caps seal inside the
body; inspect this area for corrosion. Piston: The piston or window is the item
that comes down and covers the well bore
Perform surface NDE on this part every seals and pumps open to provide access
two years. to the packers. Visually inspect this item
for damage; look for nicks on the OD and
Bonnet: The bonnet on the Sidewinder is the ID. Both areas are seal surfaces.
similar in design to the bonnet on the BOP. Inspect the retainer rings and split rings
There are well bore seals, hydraulic seals that hold the window in the closed position.
and a weep hole. All of these must be
checked. Inspect the well bore seal and Perform surface NDE on this part every
seal surface. Inspect the threads for the two years.
cylinder. Remove any nicks or burrs from
the threads. Bushing Sleeve: The bushing sleeve
provides the housing for the bushing stack
Perform a surface NDE on these parts and is the inner barrier for the piston. This
every two years. item is susceptible to corrosion; carefully
examine the ID for corrosion. Examine the
Cylinder: Inspect the cylinder threads, OD threads and the seal surface. Visually
piston bore and hydraulic ports. inspect the OD for an adequate seal sur-
face. The threads on the upper end will
Perform a surface NDE on this part every thread directly into the cylinder. Inspect the
four years. threads.

35
Well Control Equipment
Maintenance & Field Inspection

Perform surface NDE on this part every

two years.

Cylinder: The cylinder is either an inte-

gral part of the body or a separate item.
In either model the cylinder has an ID seal-
ing surface. Make sure if is free of corro-
sion, nicks, or burrs. Inspect the threads
and any hydraulic ports.
Perform surface NDE on this part after 5
years.

Lower Connection: The lower connec-

tion of the stripper packer may have either
a quick union, flange, or Hydraconn profile
down. It will thread into the lower flange of
the body. Inspect the threads on the union
nut and the section that threads into the
body. Inspect all sealing surfaces. The ID
will normally have some corrosion. As
long as the corrosion in the ID is minimized
to less than .050" it is OK.

Perform surface NDE on this part every

two years.

All other parts: Visually inspect for any

damage. If the parts are damaged, they
should be replaced.

36
DOWNHOLE TOOLS

Standard Toolstring Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

COILED TUBING HANDBOOK

Motorhead Assembly.................................................................... 1
Connectors ................................................................................... 2
Safety Valves ............................................................................... 4
Release Joints.............................................................................. 5
Circulation and Control Valves ..................................................... 7
Jars & Accelerators ...................................................................... 9
Joints & Straight / Weight Bars..................................................... 11
Centralizers .................................................................................. 13
Manipulation Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Running/Pulling & Shifting Tools .................................................. 14
Wash Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Fishing Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Commonly Used CT Threads Recognition . . . . . . . . . 23
 Downhole Tools
Standard Toolstring Components

Downhole Tools

Standard Toolstring Components

Motorhead Assembly Coiled Tubing Motor Head Assemblies have
been developed in recognition of industry
demands for compact, heavy duty, integrated
BHA components. The Motor Head Assembly
combines the Double Flapper Check Valve
with a Hydraulic Disconnect and a Dual Circu-
lation Valve, standard components for virtu-
ally all toolstring designs. The tubing
connector has been deliberately eliminated to
give the added flexibility of operator choice for
the connector type and coil tubing size.

A Motor Head Assembly provides the opera-

tor with a compact, versatile, upper BHA and
offers the following features:

Double Flapper Check Valve

Coiled Tubing Motor Head Assemblies incor-

porate two Flapper Cartridge Assemblies.
Each Flapper Cartridge incorporates a pri-
mary, low pressure PTFE seal, backed up
with a secondary, high pressure metal-to-
metal seal. Flapper Cartridge Assemblies
simply ‘drop-in’ to the Double Flapper Check
Valve housing, providing ‘ease-of-assembly’
redressing of the Motor Head Assembly.

Heavy Duty Hydraulic Disconnect

A Heavy Duty Hydraulic Disconnect allows

the toolstring to detach at a predetermined
point via the deployment of a suitable drop/
trip ball through the coiled tubing.

The drop ball locates on a piston sleeve cre-

ating sufficient back pressure to shear the
pins and disconnect the tool. The piston
sleeve pushes the tool apart to ensure a
clean disconnect. Circulation is immediately
returned to the toolstring, providing a surface
indication of a positive disconnect. All piston
sleeves and drop balls are returned to surface
leaving a standard ‘GS’ internal fish neck for
retrieval purposes.

The Hydraulic Disconnect utilizes a heavy

duty, one piece, threaded collet slip to hold
the tool together. The collet slip endures
higher tensile loading than collet finger type
release mechanisms and is far less suscepti-
ble to fatigue. The collet slip is backed up with
a collet slip sleeve to give maximum tensile
strength to the disconnect during heavy jar-
ring operations.

Only by dropping a ball and shearing the pins

can the collet sleeve shift, allowing the collet
and top sub to part. The piston sleeve is pres-
sure balanced, therefore internal pressure
does not affect the hydraulic configuration
and shear values.

1
Downhole Tools
Standard Toolstring Components

High torque capabilities are achieved through Connectors

positive torque drive teeth between the top
sub and the main body of the tool. The Dimple / Grub Screw Connector
hydraulic disconnect is therefore ideally
suited for high torque, heavy duty coiled tub- The Coiled Tubing Grub Screw/
ing drilling operations where maximum perfor- Dimple Connector allows the
mance and durability is essential. attachment of coiled tubing to
the CT Tool / Work String via
Shear screws can be supplied in either brass the provision of a threaded
or steel to give a comprehensive pressure connection.
range to suit virtually any coiled tubing appli-
cation. Shear screws are also integrally situ- The connector is attached to
ated to eliminate the possibility of shear the coiled tubing by grub
screws vibrating free during CT drilling opera- screws that engage in pre-
tions. formed dimples in the tubing
wall.
The standard configuration consists of the
maximum flow through bore available, whilst The dimples are formed by
maintaining maximum tensile strength in the using the Dimple Tool that
tool. By interchanging the piston sleeve, the places the indents in identical
drop/trip ball size can be varied to suit the positions to the screws on the
desired toolstring requirements. This is a par- connector.
ticularly useful feature when the Hydraulic
Disconnect is situated below jars and acceler- The Grub Screw/ Dimple Con-
ators, and ID restrictions are a considering nectors have ‘o’ ring pressure
factor. Running the Heavy Duty Hydraulic Dis- seals as standard and are also
connect below jars and accelerators ensures available with ‘v’ packings as
that if disconnection of the toolstring is neces- an option to create the pres-
sary, a greater proportion of the toolstring is sure seal.
safely returned to surface.

A major inherent design consideration is that Dimple Hammer

of simple field redress. The hydraulic discon-
nect has been methodically designed to The Dimple Hammer is used to
ensure assembly & disassembly of the tool is accurately produce the inden-
trouble free. No special assembly tools are tations in the coiled tubing wall,
required and all seals are standard ‘O’ rings. required when using the Grub
Screw/Dimple type coiled tub-
Dual Circulation Valve ing connectors.

Motor Head Assemblies also incorporate The dimples are produced by

Coiled Tubing Dual Circulation Valves. The screwing the round headed cap
Dual Circulation Valve offers the traditional screws into the tubing wall by
method of returning circulation of the tool- the same amount. The slide
string through use of a drop ball. In addition, hammer aids installation and
the valve is capable of operating through removal of the tool.
internal overpressure within the tubing string.
Conventional dual circulation valves use a
burst or rupture disc to facilitate the function
of returning circulation through overpressure.
However, the Dual Circulation Valve offers a
pressure differential activated piston. The pis-
ton activation pressure can be predetermined
at surface through shear pins, offering supe-
rior flexibility and considerable savings on
redress. As with the other components of the
Motor Head Assembly, the emphasis is on
simplicity and the Dual Circulation Valve has
very few component parts, seals and thread
connections.

2
 Downhole Tools
Standard Toolstring Components

External Slip Connector Roll-On Connector Crimping Tool

Coiled Tubing External Slip Used in conjunction with the
Connectors allow the attach- Roll-On Connector, the Roll-On
ment of coiled tubing to the CT Connector Crimping Tool
Tool Work String via the provi- ensures easy field installation
sion of a threaded connection. of the Roll-On Connector to the
coiled tubing.
The design of the External Slip
Type Connector utilizes a set of The Crimping Tool has two
'wicker' type slips that grip the interchangeable wheels, one of
tubing in a 'wedging' action, which is used to swage the
thus, an increase in tension coiled tubing onto the Roll-On
results in increased grip. The Connector. The other is a cut-
inclusion of the 'slip bowl' ting wheel which can be used
assists in the 'make-up' by pre- to cut the coiled tubing.
venting rotation of the slips. Replacement roller/cutters are
available.
A special feature of this design
is that the upper wickers are Internal Slip Connector
vertical and stop the connector
from rotating on the coiled tub- The Coiled Tubing Internal Slip
ing. Connector allows the attach-
ment of coiled tubing to the CT
External Slip Type Connectors Tool / Work String via the provi-
have ‘o’ ring pressure seals as sion of a threaded connection.
standard and are also available
with ‘v’ packings as an option to Internal Slip Connectors attach
create the pressure seal. to the coiled tubing’s internal
diameter. The connector is
secured with tapered slips.
Double Ended Internal Slip
Roll-On Connector Connector

The Coiled Tubing Roll-On Con- Double Ended Coiled Tubing

nector allows the attachment of Internal Slip Connectors allow
Coiled Tubing to the CT Tool / the inline attachment of two
Work String via the provision of a lengths of coiled tubing.
threaded connection.
Double Ended Internal Slip
Roll-On Connectors are available Connectors attach to the coiled
to suit all standard sizes of coiled tubing’s internal diameter. The
tubing. connector is secured with
tapered slips.
Double Ended Roll-On Connec-
tor

Double Ended Coiled Tubing Roll-

On Connectors allow the inline
attachment of two lengths of coiled
tubing.

Double Ended Roll-On Connectors

have the same outside diameter
as the coiled tubing.

Double Ended Roll-On Connectors

attach to the coiled tubing’s inter-
nal diameter. The connector is
secured by crimping the tubing into
the connectors preformed chan-
nels with a Roll-On Connector
Crimping Tool.

3
Downhole Tools
Standard Toolstring Components

Safety Valves Twin Flapper Check Valve C/W Lock

Twin Flapper Check Valve Out Sleeve
The Coiled Tubing Twin Flapper The Coiled Tubing Twin Flap-
Check Valve is a standard coiled per Check Valve with Lock Out
tubing string component. Its use Sleeve is a coiled tubing string
provides a means of preventing component that can be run in
the back flow of well fluids into the locked out position and
the coiled tubing in the event of activated with a drop ball when
failure or damage to the coiled required to perform as a down-
tubing string or surface equip- hole safety barrier. It's use pro-
ment. vides a means of preventing
the back flow of well fluids into
The design of the Twin Flapper the coiled tubing in the event of
Check Valve incorporates a dual failure or damage to the coiled
sealing system in each flapper tubing string or surface equip-
assembly for increased safety. A ment.
teflon seal provides the primary
low pressure seal, while at The design of the Twin Flapper
higher pressure the flapper Check Valve incorporates a
seals on a metal to metal dual sealing system in each
arrangement. flapper assembly for increased
safety. A teflon seat provides
Maximum flow area through the the primary low pressure seal,
Flapper Cartridges reduces while at higher pressure the
unnecessary back pressure on flapper seals on a metal to
the surface pumps. metal arrangement.

The flow path through the Flap- It is ideally suited to CT velocity

per Cartridges does not restrict string systems allowing activa-
the passage of balls or darts if tion by a drop ball prior to pull-
required during operations such ing the string from the well.
as cementing.
Ball Check Valve
Twin Flapper Check Valve with
The Ball Check Valve is a stan-
Bypass dard coiled tubing string compo-
The Twin Flapper Check Valve nent. Its use in a toolstring
with Bypass is a coiled tubing provides a means of preventing
string component which has the back flow of fluids into the
been designed to be used dur- coiled tubing in the event of fail-
ing logging cable bypass opera- ure or damage to the surface
tions. Its use provides a means equipment.
of preventing the back flow of
well fluids into the coiled tubing Ball Check Valves are used
in the event of failure or dam- when devices such as balls and
age to the coiled tubing string darts do not need to pass
or surface equipment. through the valve. In the event
of a ball or dart needing to be
The design of the Twin Flapper dropped a Flapper Valve must
Check Valve incorporates a be used.
dual sealing system in each
flapper assembly for increased
safety. A teflon seal provides
the primary low pressure seal,
while at higher pressure, the
flapper seals on a metal to
metal arrangement.

4
 Downhole Tools
Standard Toolstring Components

Back Pressure Valve Release Joints

The Coiled Tubing Back Pres- Shear Release Joint (Torque Thru)
sure Valve is a coiled tubing
string component that provides The Coiled Tubing Dual Ball
a circulation path against a pre- Kelly Cock Valve is designed to
determined back pressure. It is be used in conjunction with the
ideally suited to operations Combination Anti Rotation Self
when the hydrostatic pressure Aligning Connector (CARSAC),
within the coiled tubing needs in order to safely deploy coiled
to be higher than the pressure tubing downhole assemblies in
in the annulus areas. or out of the wellbore.
The design of the Coiled Tubing The dual ball valves can be
Back Pressure Valve allows for opened or closed at surface by
an on-site determination of the use of an Allen wrench. By
back pressure to be set at sur- sliding a locking plate to allow a
face. This is achieved with the Wrench to be inserted into the
use of different ball diameters ball key, the locking slot can be
to increase/decrease the pis- rotated into the horizontal or
ton area and pressure required vertical position. When both
to open the valve. balls have been turned into the
open position, pressure can be
Coiled Tubing Back Pressure bled off via the bleed screws
Valves are not ideally suited for and balls.
cementing or abrasive fluids.
For calibrated fluid delivery A locking feature is incorpo-
valves please see Coiled Tub- rated in the design to hold the
ing Cement Valves. balls securely in the open posi-
tion when run into the wellbore.

Dual Ball (Kelly Cock) Valve

The Coiled Tubing Dual Ball
Kelly Cock Valve is designed to
be used in conjunction with the
Combination Anti Rotation Self
Aligning Connector (CARSAC),
in order to safely deploy coiled
tubing downhole assemblies in
or out of the wellbore.

The dual ball valves can be

opened or closed at surface by
the use of an Allen wrench. By
sliding a locking plate to allow a
Wrench to be inserted into the
ball key, the locking slot can be
rotated into the horizontal or
vertical position. When both
balls have been turned into the
open position, pressure can be
bled off via the bleed screws
and balls.

A locking feature is incorpo-

rated in the design to hold the
balls securely in the open posi-
tion when run into the wellbore.

5
Downhole Tools
Standard Toolstring Components

Heavy Duty Hydraulic Disconnect

The Heavy Duty Hydraulic Disconnect allows the toolstring to
detach at a predetermined point via the deployment of a suitable
drop/trip ball through the coiled tubing.

The drop ball locates on a piston sleeve creating sufficient back

pressure to shear the pins and disconnect the tool. The piston
sleeve pushes the tool apart to ensure a clean disconnect. Circula-
tion is immediately returned to the toolstring, providing a surface
indication of a positive disconnect. All piston sleeves and drop
balls are returned to surface leaving a standard ‘GS’ internal fish
neck for retrieval purposes.

The Hydraulic Disconnect utilizes a heavy duty, one piece,

threaded collet slip to hold the tool together. The collet slip
endures higher tensile loading than collet finger type release
mechanisms and is far less susceptible to fatigue. The collet slip is
backed up with a collet slip sleeve to give maximum tensile
strength to the disconnect during heavy jarring operations. Only by
dropping a ball and shearing the pins can the collet sleeve shift,
allowing the collet and top sub to part. The piston sleeve is pres-
sure balanced, therefore internal pressure does not affect the
hydraulic configuration and shear values.

High torque capabilities are achieved through positive torque drive

teeth between the top sub and the main body of the tool. The
hydraulic disconnect is therefore ideally suited for high torque,
heavy duty coiled tubing drilling operations where maximum per-
formance and durability is essential.
Shear screws can be supplied in either brass or steel to give a
comprehensive pressure range to suit virtually any coiled tubing
application. Shear screws are also integrally situated to eliminate
the possibility of shear screws vibrating free during CT drilling
operations.
The standard configuration consists of the maximum flow through
bore available, whilst maintaining maximum tensile strength in the
tool. By interchanging the piston sleeve, the drop/trip ball size can
be varied to suit the desired toolstring requirements. This is a par-
ticularly useful feature when the Hydraulic Disconnect is situated
below jars and accelerators, and ID restrictions are a factor for
consideration. Running the Heavy Duty Hydraulic Disconnect
below jars and accelerators ensures that if disconnection of the
toolstring is necessary, a greater proportion of the toolstring is
safely returned to surface.

6
 Downhole Tools
Standard Toolstring Components

Shear Release Joint (Torque Thru) Circulation and Control Valves

The Coiled Tubing Shear Ball Activated Circulation Valve
Release Joint allows the parting
of the coiled tubing work string The Coiled Tubing Ball Acti-
by applied predetermined ten- vated Circulation Valve is
sion. designed to allow circulation
above the coiled tubing work/
The Shear Release Joint was tool string.
designed for and used primarily
in cement stinger operations as The tool is activated by using a
a simple effective emergency drop ball and can be adjusted
release. on surface to shear out by vary-
ing the number and type of
Shear Release Joints incorpo- shear pin used. Pressure
rate shear screws that can be applied to the drop ball causes
used in various combinations to the pins to shear and the sleeve
allow a wide range of predeter- to move down allowing circula-
mined shear settings. tion via the side ports.

The released part of the Shear

Release Joint can be retrieved
using a ‘GS’ type Pulling Tool or
a Release Joint Retrieval Tool.

Release Joint Retrieval Tool

The Coiled Tubing Release Dual Circulation Valve
Joint Retrieval Tool is a coiled
tubing service tool designed to The Coiled Tubing Dual
retrieve a Release Joint that has Circulation Valve offers
been previously activated. the traditional method of
returning circulation of the
The heavy duty lugs are toolstring through use of a
designed to engage the stan- drop ball. In addition, the
dard size fish neck inside the valve is capable of operat-
released joint. ing through internal over-
pressure within the tubing
Shear pins facilitate release of string.
the tool from the fish neck if
required. The shear pin values Conventional dual circula-
are preset at surface to suit tion valves use a burst or
operational restrictions or maxi- rupture disc to facilitate
mum over-pull available. the function of returning
circulation through over-
pressure. However, the
Dual Circulation Valve
offers a pressure differen-
tial activated piston. The
piston activation pressure
can be predetermined at
surface through shear
pins, offering superior flex-
ibility and considerable
savings on redress.

As with many other tools

in a standard BHA tool-
string, the emphasis is on
simplicity and the Dual
Circulation Valve has very
few component parts,
seals and thread connec-
tions.

7
Downhole Tools
Standard Toolstring Components

Burst Disc Circulation Sub Sequencing Tool

The Coiled Tubing Burst Disc Cir- The Coiled Tubing Flow Acti-
culation Sub is a standard coiled vated Sequencing Tool is a
tubing tool string component that is valve designed to actuate
used in conjunction with tools that downhole coiled tubing tools at
require drop balls etc., and that a predetermined pressure and
need to be circulated into the to operate as a controlled bleed
coiled tubing. valve when bleeding down
internal coil pressure.
Burst Disc Circulation Subs are
incorporated into the coiled tubing The Flow Activated Sequencing
tool string just below the tool that Tool is a ‘normally open’ valve
requires a drop ball. which allows circulation through
the tool to the annulus, whilst
Should circulation be lost due to a running into the well. Once a
down hole restriction, a predeter- pre-determined differential
mined pressure applied to the coil pressure is exceeded, the flow
will burst the disc in the sub and path to the annulus is closed
re-establish circulation. and diverted into the internal
bore of the toolstring, thereby
Cement Valve enabling hydraulic activation of
any tools in the lower and upper
The Coiled Tubing Cement Valve is a end of the tool string.
special type of check valve designed
to support a column of fluid, until When pulling a toolstring out of
such time as an increase in pressure the well, a Sequencing Tool can
is applied to the column from above. be used to safely bleed off
Once the increased pressure is seen internal coil pressure. When the
at the valve it will open and the col- coil pressure is decreased to a
umn of fluid will be allowed to flow pre-determined pressure, the
through the valve. By reducing pres- Sequencing Tool opens and
sure to the column of fluid to its origi- allows bleed through its bypass
nal level the valve will close and the ports. Therefore during bleed
fluid will cease to flow. down the internal/external pres-
sures are balanced, thus elimi-
As pressure is applied to the column nating the possibility of
of fluid, it sees the selected cross
sectional area and begins to com- prematurely releasing flow acti-
press the disc springs. vated manipulation tools in the
lubricator.
The disc springs are compressed
before the ball reaches the lift sub. At The closing differential pres-
this point, the fluid is being held by sure of the Sequencing Tool
the spring pressure, against the com- can be field adjusted to
bination of pressure multiplied by between 500 to 2000psi by sim-
cross sectional area of the piston. ply placing an internal 'O' ring in
one of four positions.
If the pressure is now increased, the
ball will be lifted from its seat by the
lift sub allowing the fluid to bypass
the ball and travel down the tool.

The Cement Valve can be reconfig-

ured using interchangeable pistons to
operate at different pressures in a
range from 500 to 5000psi.

The Coiled Tubing Cement Valve was

originally developed as a control
valve, capable of accurately deliver-
ing cement during coiled tubing
cementing operations. The same tool
can also be used to deliver any fluid
downhole using the same principle.

8
 Downhole Tools
Standard Toolstring Components

Jars & Accelerators Downstroke Hydraulic Jar

Upstroke Hydraulic Jar Coiled Tubing Downstroke
Hydraulic Jars provides the
Coiled Tubing Upstroke means for repeatable, con-
Hydraulic Jars provides the trolled downward jarring when
means for repeatable, con- required during coiled tubing
trolled upward jarring when operations.
required during coiled tubing
operations. The Coiled Tubing Downstroke
Hydraulic Jar has a highly
The Coiled Tubing Upstroke dependable closed and bal-
Hydraulic Jar has a highly anced hydraulic system for
dependable closed and bal- hydrostatic pressure. This
anced hydraulic system for allows the coiled tubing opera-
hydrostatic pressure. This tor to control the intensity of the
allows the coiled tubing opera- jarring action to suit the field
tor to control the intensity of the application, by applying a sus-
jarring action to suit the field tained downward load, which
application, by applying a sus- can be infinitely variable,
tained downward load, which according to the usage applica-
can be infinitely variable, tion.
according to the usage applica-
tion. The Coiled Tubing Downstroke
Hydraulic Jar is normally used
Coiled Tubing Upstroke in conjunction with the Coiled
Hydraulic Jars are normally Tubing Downstroke Accelera-
used in conjunction with the tor. It is suitable for most coiled
coiled tubing Upstroke Acceler- tubing applications where the
ator. It is suitable for most deployment of downhole ser-
coiled tubing applications vice and manipulation tools is
where the deployment of down- required, including setting and
hole service and manipulation pulling plugs, gas lift valves,
tools is required, including set- opening and shutting sliding
ting and pulling plugs, gas lift side doors and the general fish-
valves, opening and shutting ing of downhole retrievables.
sliding side doors and the gen-
eral fishing of downhole retriev- Coiled Tubing Downstroke
ables. Hydraulic Jars are also used in
most standard coiled tubing
Coiled Tubing Upstroke toolstrings during other coiled
Hydraulic Jars are also used in tubing services such as swab-
most standard coiled tubing bing, jetting, logging, and
toolstrings during other coiled
tubing services such as swab- stimulating, especially in devi-
bing, jetting, logging, and stim- ated wells, where there is a
ulating, especially in deviated possibility of the toolstring
wells, where there is a possibil- becoming stuck.
ity of the toolstring becoming
stuck.

9
Downhole Tools
Standard Toolstring Components

Upstroke Intensifier Downstroke Intensifier

Coiled Tubing Upstroke Intensifi- Coiled Tubing Downstroke Intensifiers
ers are used in conjunction with the are used in conjunction with the
Coiled Tubing Upstoke Hydraulic Coiled Tubing Downstroke Hydraulic
Jars. Jars.

Its purpose is to provide the neces- Its purpose is to provide the neces-
sary even pull and acceleration sary even pull and acceleration power
power for the Coiled Tubing for the Coiled Tubing Downstroke
Upstoke Hydraulic Jar to operate Hydraulic Jar to operate efficiently,
efficiently, especially at shallow especially in long reach wells where
depths where there is limited coiled there is limited coiled tubing push.
tubing stretch.
The Coiled Tubing Downstroke Inten-
The Coiled Tubing Upstroke Inten- sifier stores downward energy in a
sifier stores upward energy in a powerful compression spring, which is
powerful compression spring, suddenly released when the Hydraulic
which is suddenly released when Jar ‘releases’, thus accelerating the
the Hydraulic Jar ‘releases’, thus downward jarring impact.
accelerating the upward jarring
impact. The Coiled Tubing Downstroke Inten-
sifier is fully vented to the well bore to
The Coiled Tubing Upstroke Inten- prevent damping effect and has full
sifier is fully vented to the well bore ‘pump through’ capability, compatible
to prevent damping effect and has with the Coiled Tubing Hydraulic Jar.
full ‘pump through’ capability, com-
patible with the CT Hydraulic Jar. Under normal conditions the PCE
Coiled Tubing Downstroke Intensifier
Under normal conditions the Coiled will function at temperatures of up to
Tubing Upstroke Intensifier will 200°C if circulation is maintained dur-
function at temperatures of up to ing operations.
200°C if circulation is maintained
during operations.

10
 Downhole Tools
Standard Toolstring Components

Joints & Straight / Weight Bars Knuckle Joint

C.A.R.S.A.C. HT Connector The Coiled Tubing Knuckle Joint,
when incorporated between the jars
The Coil Tubing C.A.R.S.A.C. and the manipulation tool, will pro-
HT (Combination Anti-Rota- vide additional flexibility in the tool-
tion Self Aligning Connector – string. This additional flexibility is
High Torque) was developed often necessary when the bore of
by PCE to create a dedicated the hole the tool is running through
self aligning tool string con- is restricted and/or highly deviated.
nector, capable of withstand-
ing high degrees of torque in The Coiled Tubing Knuckle Joint
both directions. allows full 360° rotation of the tool-
string and provides full 15° angular
The C.A.R.S.A.C. HT is deviation and internal pressure
designed to assist with the sealing throughout the full rotation
tubing ‘make-up’ where it is of the tool. The ball and socket of
difficult to rotate the tools to the knuckle provide the rotation and
engage threads and is particu- angular deviation of the tool. Seals
larly suited for long toolstring in the ball provide the sealing capa-
applications. It is especially bility.
useful when utilized in con-
junction with integral ball Where rotation under load is
valves and deployment bars. required see the coiled tubing
swivel joint. The full flow through
By incorporating the bore also allows the use of flow
C.A.R.S.A.C. HT in the BHA, activated tools below the coiled tub-
the string can be divided into ing knuckle joint. Multiple coiled
smaller, more manageable tubing knuckle joints can be incor-
sections. Each section can be porated in particularly long tool-
torqued up accordingly before strings.
loading into the lubricator sec-
tion. (The C.A.R.S.A.C. HT Torque Thru Knuckle Joint
matches the torsion yield
strengths of all coiled tubing The Coiled Tubing Torque Thru
drilling thread connections Knuckle Joint, when incorporated
where high torque tolerance is between the jars and the manipula-
a major consideration). tion tool, will provide additional flexi-
bility in the toolstring. This
The locking taper feature additional flexibility is often neces-
allows each section of the sary when the bore of the hole the
toolstring to simply ‘stab-in’ tool is running through is restricted
and centralize before the and/or highly deviated. The Coiled
torque drive teeth positively Tubing Torque Thru Knuckle Joint
engage into the female lower can be used when rotation of the
sub. The primary locking collar toolstring is not required, for exam-
is then screwed down to lock ple, coiled tubing drilling applica-
the two sections together. The tions.
secondary locking collar can
then be screwed down to The coiled tubing knuckle joint pro-
secure the joint and prevent vides full 15° angular deviation and
the primary collar from back- internal pressure sealing through-
ing off. out the full deviation of the tool. The
ball and socket of the knuckle have
The C.A.R.S.A.C. HT is also a a key that prevents rotation but still
fundamental component of the allows full angular movement. The
Coiled Tubing Deployment full flow through bore also allows
System. For applications the use of flow activated tools below
where the toolstring length the coiled tubing knuckle joint. Mul-
exceeds the capacity of the tiple coiled tubing torque thru
lubricator section, the BHA knuckle joints can be incorporated
deployment can be staggered in particularly long toolstrings.
by use of a Coiled Tubing
Deployment System.

11
Downhole Tools
Standard Toolstring Components

Swivel Joint ment Bar creating a seal between

the well and surface.
The Coiled Tubing Swivel Joint is a • Close ball valves on the Dual Ball
standard toolstring component which Kelly Cock and bleed off the remain-
when used, permits full rotation of the
BHA made up below the joint. ing pressure in the upper string.
• Separate the C.A.R.S.A.C leaving
The Swivel’s design includes integral the female lower sub facing upwards.
sealed bearings which ensure full • Make up remaining BHA with upper
integrity of flow through the joint. male section of C.A.R.S.A.C and
stab into the lower BHA section.
The inclusion of a CT Swivel Joint in a
typical BHA gives the operator orien- As rotation of either BHA section is not possi-
tation flexibility. A CT Swivel Joint in a ble, the ‘stab-in’ feature of the C.A.R.S.A.C.
BHA will allow the toolstring to be bro- HT is vital. The PCE Coiled Tubing Deploy-
ken and made-up below the joint with- ment Bar System is available to suit most
out the need to disconnect from the applications and configurations of coiled tub-
coil. ing pipe rams.
Swivel Joints are necessary where As rotation of either BHA section is not possi-
toolstring orientation is required such ble, the ‘stab-in’ feature of the C.A.R.S.A.C.
as in the running and pulling of gas lift HT is vital. The PCE Coiled Tubing Deploy-
mandrel. ment Bar System is available to suit most
applications and configurations of coiled tub-
Deployment System ing pipe rams.

The Coiled Tubing Deployment System is an

application workstring used where the tool-
string length exceeds the capacity of the lubri-
cator section. By using a Coiled Tubing
Deployment System the BHA deployment can
be staggered.

The Coiled Tubing Deployment System is a

combination of three components, a Deploy-
ment Bar, a Dual Ball Kelly Cock Valve and a
C.A.R.S.A.C. HT.i

The diameter of the waisted section of the

Deployment bar is matched to the size of
coiled tubing being used and retains full bore
flow through.

Closing the ball valves in the Kelly Cock Valve

gives a double barrier to the wellbore.

The C.A.R.S.A.C. connector allows connec-

tion with the upper tool string without the need
to rotate the work string.

By running a combination of a Deployment

Bar, a Dual Ball Kelly Cock Valve and a
C.A.R.S.A.C. HT, the BHA can be deployed in
multiple stages as follows:

• Lower BHA assembly made up to the

Deployment System and positioned
in the lubricator.
• Connect upper (male) section of
C.A.R.S.A.C, Check Valve & Con-
nector to coiled tubing.
• Upper string is lowered onto lower
BHA section and connected via the
C.A.R.S.A.C.
• Lower BHA section below the BOP &
close pipe rams around the Deploy- Schematic: Showing Deployment System being
held in a B.O.P. prior to connection to the upper
toolstring and coiled tubing.

12
 Downhole Tools
Standard Toolstring Components

Weight/Straight Bar Centralizers

Weight Bar is manufactured Fluted Centralizer
from solid bar and the relatively The Coiled Tubing Fluted Cen-
small I.D. ensures maximum tralizer is designed to be
weight displacement. The stan- included as part of the coiled
dard through bore coincides tubing work string to assist in
with the I.D. of the Coiled Tub- providing centralization to allow
ing easier location of tools during
fishing or to provide general sta-
Hydraulic Jar & Accelerator. bility in the tubing.
The Weight Bar can be used in Fluted Centralizers have a full
conjunction with the Coiled Tub- flow through bore allowing pas-
ing Hydraulic Jar & Accelerator sage of darts or drop balls and
to provide supplementary mass is available in any specific
during jarring operations, thus length.
enhancing impact loads. By
increasing the accelerating
mass during a jarring operation,
impact loads can be signifi- Flow Activated Bow Spring Central-
cantly amplified over conven-
tional Jar/Accelerator izer
combinations.
Flow Activated Bow Spring
The Weight Bar can also be uti- Centralizers are designed to
lized with a downhole motor to allow tool strings or parts of tool
act as a drill collar. The addi- strings to be centralized in the
tional weight on the motor string Straight Bar tubing /casing for various oper-
can help provide more con- ations.
trolled ‘weight on bit’ during
coiled tubing drilling operations. The Flow Activated Bow Spring
Centralizer is designed so that
Straight Bar it’s bow springs are normally
retracted. The bow springs only
expand when a pressure differ-
Straight Bar provides a means ential is achieved across the
of extending the toolstring, tool. This enables the central-
whilst maintaining the maximum izer to pass, for example,
through bore. The tubular sec- through the restricted bores of
tion between the top & bottom the tail pipe and expand into the
sub can be interchanged to vary casing liner below without any
the length of the straight bar. unnecessary wear on the bow
This approach offers an ideal springs.
way of spacing out tools within
the toolstring, without compro- As a safety precaution, the bow
mising the flow requirements of springs are mounted above a
flow activated or jetting tools. coil spring. This is to allow the
bow springs the necessary
movement they require in order
to pass through a restricted
bore whilst still expanded.

Weight Bar

13
Downhole Tools
Manipulation Tools

Manipulation Tools Flow Activated Double Ended Selec-

tive Shifting Tool
Running/Pulling & Shifting The Coiled Tubing Double Ended
Tools Selective Shifting Tool (DESST)
has been designed
Flow Activated “GS” Running/Pulling
Tool specifically to selectively shift PCE,
Otis, Camco, Baker sliding sleeves
The Coiled Tubing Flow Activated (SSD’s) in horizontal well bores.
'GS' Type Running/Pulling Tool is
designed to run and retrieve down- The DESST shifting keys are nor-
hole tools with conventional inter- mally retracted during the running
nal fish necks. operation and are hydraulically flow
activated to the open shift position
The latching mechanism is a by increasing surface pump vol-
robust dog/core design which ume and therefore, pressure at the
releases positively from the inter- downhole location of the DESST
nal fish neck when a hydraulic dif- and SSD. The DESST can selec-
ferential is applied to the tool. tively open or close multiple SSD’s
in a single coiled tubing trip.
The tool does not require shear
pins or drop balls since the differ-
ential required to activate the tool
is provided by circulating through a
choke insert in the core.

The Hydraulic 'GS' Type Running/

Pulling Tools are available for all
standard internal fish neck sizes.
Flow Activated Shifting Tool
The Flow Activated Shifting Tool
is designed to be used as a
work tool for opening and clos-
ing sliding sleeves.

The normally closed shifting tool

Flow Activated “Heavy Duty” Run- is flow activated and therefore
ning/Pulling Tool does not require the use of drop
balls to activate it. The shifting
The Coiled Tubing Flow Acti- tool by design can be used to
vated Heavy Duty Running/Pull- either open or close sliding
ing Tool is a collet type running/ sleeves.
pulling tool designed to run or
retrieve downhole tools that Flow Activated Shifting Tools
have conventional external fish- are available to suit all sizes
ing necks. and makes of sliding sleeves
and can be supplied with either
The running/pulling tool design positive or selective keys.
is extremely robust in construc-
tion and allows a full 360 degree
engagement of the fishing neck
to be latched.

The tool is fully hydraulically

activated and therefore does
not require the use of shear pins
or drop balls to operate, since
this is achieved by circulating
through a choke in the core of
the tool.

Hydraulic Heavy Duty Running/

Pulling Tools are available for all
sizes of standard external fish
necks.

14
 Downhole Tools
Manipulation Tools

Internal Fishneck Reference Table for CT Flow Activated “GS” Running/Pulling Tool

Nominal Special
11/4” 11/2” 11/2” 2” 21/2” 3” 31/2” 4” 5” 5.62” 7” 73/4” 85/8” 95/8”
Tool Size 4”
2.062 3
Tubing Size O.D. 1.66” 1.9” 2 /8” 27/8” 31/2” 4” 4” 41/2” 51/2” 55/8” 7” 73/4” 85/8” 95/8”
”

A 0.88 1.06 1.06 1.38 1.81 2.31 2.62 2.75 3.12 4.00 4.75 5.38 6.25 7.12 7.62
(in) 0.90 1.08 1.08 1.40 1.83 2.33 2.64 2.77 3.14 4.02 4.77 5.40 6.27 7.14 7.64

B 1.03 1.22 1.22 1.57 2.00 2.50 2.81 2.94 3.31 4.19 5.00 5.62 6.50 7.50 8.00
(in) 1.05 1.24 1.24 1.59 2.02 2.52 2.83 2.96 3.33 4.21 5.02 5.64 6.52 7.52 8.02

C 0.97 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.58 1.58
(in) 1.03 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.64 1.64
D Ref.
1.38 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.36 2.36
(in)

E 1.97 2.97 2.97 2.97 2.97 2.97 2.97 2.97 2.97 2.97 2.97 2.97 2.97 3.23 3.23
(in) 2.03 3.03 3.03 3.03 3.03 3.03 3.03 3.03 3.03 3.03 3.03 3.03 3.03 3.27 3.27

F 0.88 1.06 1.06 1.38 1.81 2.31 2.62 2.75 3.12 4.00 4.75 5.38 6.25 7.12 7.62
(in) 0.90 1.08 1.08 1.40 1.83 2.33 2.64 2.77 3.14 4.02 4.77 5.40 6.27 7.14 7.64

G 1.00 1.16 1.16 1.59 1.98 2.47 2.78 2.91 3.35 4.16 4.98 5.60 6.48 7.47 7.98
(in) 1.06 1.22 1.22 1.65 2.02 2.53 2.84 2.97 3.41 4.22 5.02 5.64 6.52 7.53 8.02

H 0.42 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.77 0.77
(in) 0.34 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.73 0.73
J 30° 30° 30° 30° 30° 30° 30° 30° 30° 30° 45° 45° 45° 45° 45°

15
Downhole Tools
Manipulation Tools

Flow Activated Kickover Tool

By continuing PCE’s renowned reputation for developing world leading hydrau-
lically activated coiled tubing tools, PCE proudly present the Coiled Tubing
Flow Activated Kickover Tool.

PCE began development many years ago, designing and manufacturing

hydraulic adapter subs to allow existing wireline kickover tools to perform on
coiled tubing. The primary objective with this system was to allow existing wire-
line kickover tools to be used in highly deviated wells, where even the most
effective, low friction, roller stem and linear jars proved to be inoperable under
these conditions. The hydraulic sub simply provided a means of activating the
kickover tool arm through pressure within the coiled tubing. The distinct advan-
tage was the ability to ensure the arm remained rigidly kicked out whilst engag-
ing the valve in the side pocket mandrel. Although successful in achieving its
objectives, the development did not stop there.

During our experience with hydraulic sub adapters, many factors lead to the
recognized need to develop a dedicated, fully flow activated coiled tubing ver-
sion of the kickover tool. As well as the difficulty to work in deviated wells, the
orientation trigger found in traditional wireline kickover tools, shears out when
leaving the mandrel, thus this operation is effectively, a ‘one shot deal’.

PCE’s team of design engineers began work on developing a fully hydraulic,

dedicated coiled tubing solution for running and pulling gas lift valves located in
side pockets. The design attributes include a hydraulically activated trigger
mechanism with the functionality of indefinite repeatable operation. Whilst pro-
viding a hydraulically activated kickout joint, the tool offers full flow through
capability, providing a means of jetting fluid directly onto the gas lift valve. Acid
can also be ‘spotted’ through the tool to help dissolve build-ups of scale around
the valve fish neck. This added facility greatly increases the likelihood of suc-
cessfully retrieving the valve, first time. Also, with the facility of flow running
through the tool, the option of a hydraulic release type pulling tool is also feasi-
ble.

Typical Running Procedure

The toolstring would typically consist of a (a) tubing connector, (b) double flap-
per check valve, (c) hydraulic disconnect, (d) dual circulation valve, (e)
sequencing valve, (f) swivel joint, (g) flow activated kickover tool, and (h) an
appropriate pulling tool. Jars and accelerators may be run if necessary. The
hydraulic trigger mechanism remains ‘in’ as the tool is RIH, circulation through
the sequencing valve ensures the pressure within the toolstring does not
exceed the pressure in the annulus. This will prevent the trigger and the kickout
joint operating prematurely. The kickover tool remains rigidly straight whilst run-
ning through the completion, eliminating unintentional access to mandrels fur-
ther up the string. The kickover tool is run past the selected side pocket
mandrel. Pressure within the string is increased, thus shutting off the sequenc-
ing valve and activating the hydraulic trigger. The toolstring is then pulled back
through the mandrel until the trigger engages the orientation housing of the
mandrel, an increase in weight can be seen at surface. The tubing pressure is
then increased further to activate the kickout joint. Maintaining this pressure
ensures the joint is permanently ‘kicked out’, even when the side pocket is situ-
ated on the high side. By sitting down, the pulling tool engages the gas lift valve
fishing neck. As the fluid within the toolstring is exiting through the pulling tool,
the gas-lift valve is cleaned prior to latching. The internal toolstring pressure is
then reduced so as to re-open the sequencing valve, consequently deactivating
the trigger and kickout joint.

An overpull determines the valve is engaged and an increased overpull

extracts the valve from the side pocket mandrel. Jars may be required to aid
this operation. The gas-lift valve can then be successfully brought to surface.
Running a replacement valve or dummy works on a similar principle. This sce-
nario is where a hydraulic release running tool would be an advantage.

Hydraulic adapter subs are available for a whole range of existing wireline kick-
over tools. Dedicated flow activated kickover tools are limited to medium and
larger sizes of side pocket mandrels due to their complex internal hydraulic
mechanisms.

16
 Downhole Tools
Manipulation Tools

Flow Activated High Torque Indexing Single Shot Tubing Punch

Tool The Coiled Tubing Single Shot
Coiled Tubing Flow Activated Tubing Punch is a mechanical
High Torque Indexing Tools are punch perforator hydraulically
designed for use when con- activated by applying pressure
trolled rotation of the lower tool to the CT string. The CT Single
string is required. The tool has Shot Tubing Punch is normally
particular application for rotat- run in conjunction with a
ing fishing overshots onto the Sequencing Valve.
fish.
The CT Single ShotTubing
The Flow Activated High Punch is only designed to
Torque Indexing Tool is punch one hole in one trip, how-
designed on a rotating cam ever a CT Multi Shot Tubing
principle. The tool does not Punch has been developed to
stroke downward in order to punch multiple holes in one
index the cam, since this action coiled tubing run.
is achieved internally.

Flow Activated Multi-ShotTubing End

Locator
The Coiled tubing Flow Acti-
vated Multi-Shot Tubing End
Locator is designed to be used
as part of the standard tool
string assembly to locate the
end of the production tubing for
depth correlation.

The Tubing End Locator is flow

activated and therefore offers
the ability to 're-tag' the end of
the tubing as many times as
required without the need to
retract from the well for redress.

The tool is flow activated by

surface pump volume and pres-
sure, and the force required to
pull through the tubing end can
therefore be infinitely varied.

Hydraulic Tubing End Locators

are available in a range of tool-
string sizes, with fingers to suit
the tubing i.d. as required.

17
Downhole Tools
Manipulation Tools

Multi-Shot Tubing Punch Nipple Locator

The Coiled Tubing Multi-Shot Tub- Tubing Nipple Locators are
ing Punch is a hydraulically oper- designed to locate nipples in the
ated mechanical punch perforator tubing whilst downhole coiled tub-
that can be used to perforate stan- ing operations are being per-
dard and heavy wall tubing. Perfo- formed. This makes the tool ideal
rating tubing provides access to for depth correlation by tagging a
casing annulus to circulate or kill a known datum in the production tub-
well or bring in additional produc- ing.
tive zones.
The Nipple Locator can be posi-
The Multi-Shot Tubing Punch can tioned virtually anywhere in the
also be used for emergency situa- BHA. As the Nipple Locator is
tion, such as to permit production purely mechanical, the operation of
through tailpipe that has been the tool does not require any
plugged and cannot be opened by hydraulic pressure to operate.
regular means.
The Tubing Nipple Locator is run
Multi-Shot Tubing Punches are below the nipple to the desired
designed to perforate tubing under position. A slow pick up will then
pressure. There are no explosives allow the dogs to tag the back of
used and with the proper punch the nipple profile. A small overpull
and bushing there is no danger of (approximately 600-900lbs) will be
perforating through the tubing and seen on the weight indicator. This
into the casing. procedure may be repeated indefi-
nitely ensuring that the datum
The mechanical operation of the points can be re-checked, there-
Multi-Shot Tubing Punch is the fore a constant indication can be
same as the standard field proven determined.
wireline deployed mechanical Tub-
ing Punch. Integral to the mechani- If a more positive indication is
cal punch perforator is a hydraulic required, the Nipple Locator has
system that, with the application of the added feature of a shear pin
pressure, will activate the tool to sub. By pinning the shear sub with
punch a hole in the tubing. A reduc- predetermined shear pins, the Nip-
tion in the applied pressure will ple Locator can be configured to
cause the tool to re-set itself allow a significant increase in over-
enabling the tool to punch further pull. This more positive surface
holes without bringing the tool back indication of depth correlation can
to surface for re-setting. permit an overpull of up to
5000Lbs, this operation is however
Multi-Shot Tubing Punches can be a one-shot operation and once the
run on a standard coiled tubing tool pins are sheared, the Nipple Loca-
string in conjunction with a hydrau- tor reverts back to the conventional
lically operated tubing anchor and, 600-900lbs repeatable overpulls.
if required, an indexing tool. The
Multi-Shot Tubing Punch should be The Tubing Nipple Locator com-
run in hole in the unset condition. prises of a spring loaded dog
When at the required depth a pres- assembly which provides a reliable
sure can be applied sufficient to set and repeatable means of tagging a
the tubing anchor. By increasing range of common nipples within a
the pressure the mechanical punch specific tubing size. All springs are
will be activated punching a hole in encapsulated minimizing the risk of
the tubing. Once the hole has been mechanical tool failure from debris
punched in the tubing a vent port ingress.
will be opened causing a pressure
drop, which can be seen at sur- The Nipple Locator incorporates
face. Nickel Alloy springs as standard
and is therefore suitable for both
Allowing the pressure to drop will standard and H2S conditions.
cause the punch to be retracted.
The pressure can then be bled to
zero releasing the hydraulic anchor
and allowing the tool to be moved
to a new position.

18
 Downhole Tools
Wash Tools

Wash Tools Rotary Jet Wash Tool

The Coiled Tubing Rotary Jet
Flow Activated Jetting Indexing Tool Wash Tool is designed to be
Coiled Tubing Flow Activated used for both jetting and cir-
Hydraulic Jetting Indexing Tools culating operations when
are designed to rotate jetting wash cleaning and washing the
nozzles, to allow full 360° bore inside of the tubing. It can
coverage. also be used to assist in moti-
vating the coiled tubing string
The Jetting Indexing Tool is rotated both in and out of the well.
in a controlled 45° or 60° incre-
mental manner by applying inter- The design of the Rotary Jet
mittent surface pump pressure. Wash Tool works on the prin-
cipal of applied fluid pressure
When flow pressure is increased causing the nozzle to rotate
to the index operating pressure, and jet the fluid against the
the lower half of the tool strokes tubing wall in a full 360
downwards and indexes. Maintain- degree rotating action. Rotary
ing the pressure then allows the Jet Wash Tools are available
increased flow to jet through the in a range of sizes.
jetting wash nozzle. When the flow
pressure is decreased the tool Slimhole Jetting Head Assembly
strokes back and completes the
indexing cycle. Coiled Tubing Slim Hole Jet-
ting Head Assembly are
By repeating this operation a full designed to provide the oper-
360° wash cycle can be achieved. ator with a tool assembly that
A range of jetting nozzles can be is the same diameter as the
supplied with the Jetting Indexing coiled tubing and to incorpo-
Tool. rate the basic requirements of
any jetting or washing tool.

The Flapper Check Valve

Cartridge is used as the prime
safety barrier to prevent back
flow up the coiled tubing
should control of the pump or
ancillary surface equipment
be lost at surface for any rea-
son.
Multi-Jet Wash Tool
By incorporating a conven-
The Coiled Tubing Multi-Jet tional ‘Roll-On’ Connector,
Wash Tool is a non-rotational and facilitating the choice of
wash tool with simple grub Jetting Nozzles, Wash Tools
screw nozzles that are field or other slim hole tools into
adjustable. the integrated design, the
Slim Hole Jetting Head
Multi-Jet Wash Tools are nor- Assembly becomes the ideal
mally used in conjunction with tool for all slim hole applica-
Flow Activated Hydraulic Jetting tions.
Indexing Tool. Multi-Jet Wash
Tools are available a range of
sizes.

19
Downhole Tools
Fishing Tools

Jetting Nozzles Fishing Tools

Hydrostatic Bailer
Coiled Tubing Hydrostatic
Single Port Bailers are designed to be
Flow Thru Nozzle used to bail sand and
debris from horizontal well
bores where difficulty is
experienced circulating the
sand out in the conven-
tional manner.

Hydrostatic Bailers is run to

Multiple Back depth and fired by over-
Flow Port Nozzle pressuring the coiled tub-
ing at which time the sand
or debris is sucked into the
atmospheric chamber. A
flapper valve retains the
sand and fingers on the
bottom sub also act as a
Multiple Side junk basket, to retain any
Flow Port Nozzle larger debris. A 3" diameter
by 30' long Hydrostatic
Bailer will bail approxi-
mately one cubic foot of
sand per run.

Hydrostatic Bailers are nor-

mally run in conjunction
Multiple Flow
with a Sequencing Tool, to
Port Nozzle allow circulation whilst run-
ning into the well and over
pressuring to fire the bailer
when desired.

Multiple Up Flow
Port Nozzle

Single Flow Port Mule-

shoe Nozzle

20
 Downhole Tools
Fishing Tools

Flow Activated Fishing/Bulldog Lead Impression Block

Spear The Coiled Tubing Lead
Flow Activated Coiled Tub- Impression Block is an
ing Releasable Fishing/ adapted standard wireline
Bulldog Spears are a vari- service tool used to obtain
able catch internal spear impressions of foreign
used to retrieve a lost cylin- objects in the tubing string
drical fish from the well to assist in identification of
bore. the object and thus selec-
tion of the correct fishing
A complete range of slips tool.
is available for each size Lead Impression Blocks
tool. To operate simply
run into the fish and set are available in a range
of sizes.
down weight, pick up,
and retrieve the fish.

To release from the fish

simply set down weight,
circulate in conjunction
with a PCE Hydraulic
Sequencing Tool above
the spear. The spear will
then release due to the
flow created differential. Releasable Overshot
The Flow Activated Coiled Tubing
Releasable Overshot is a variable
catch external overshot used to
retrieve a lost cylindrical fish from
the well bore.

Flow Activated Coiled Tubing

Releasable Overshots operate in
the same way as a standard non-
Fishing Grabs releasable overshot. The tool is run
in hole until it over shoots the cylin-
The Coiled Tubing Fishing Grab drical fish and stops out. Pulling up
is a tool normally used to will cause the slips to set into the
retrieve wire that has broken in fish. Where the coiled tubing
the tubing. releasable overshot differs from a
standard overshot is that, should
The Coiled Tubing Fishing Grab the fish be irretrievable or simply
consists of a box up connection require transportation to another
in a housing with either two or location in the well, dropping a ball
three flexible prongs extending or flow activation will enable the
downwards. Pointed barbs are tool to release from the fish and be
welded to the inside of the pulled back to surface.
prongs so as to form hooks that
will catch the looped end of the The Flow Activated Coiled Tubing
broken line. The Coiled Tubing Releasable Overshot can be used
Fishing Grab also has a large to fish lost or broken coil and tubing
flow through bore. and also coiled tubing tools that
have backed off down hole. Flow
When a line breaks below the Activated Coiled Tubing Releas-
stuffing box, a full gauge such as able Overshots can be supplied to
a slotted skirt wirefinder is nor- overshot and seal onto a specific
mally used to both locate and fish in order to form a pressure tight
ball up the broken end of the line seal. This is of importance if there
before running the fishing grab. is a flow activated tool beneath the
The fishing grab is flexible fish that requires operation before
enough to bend and can be the fish can be retrieved.
gauged for the tubing it is to be
run in. The prong ends of the A complete range of hardened and
grab should fit snugly against double tempered slips are avail-
the walls of the tubing to help able for each size tool.
prevent line bypass.

21
Downhole Tools
Fishing Tools

Non-Releasable Overshot Flow Activated Alligator Grab

The Coiled Tubing Non Coiled Tubing Flow Activated
Releasable Overshot is a Alligator Grabs are a fishing
fishing tool utilized to catch tool used to catch and
coiled tubing or downhole retrieve loose objects from
tools without a fish neck. within the well bore. The
Coiled Tubing Flow Activated
The latching mechanism of Alligator Grab is run in the
the tool utilizes hardened and permanently closed position
tempered parallel slips to grip and is flow activated to the
the outside diameter of the open grab position by circu-
'fish'. lating fluid and creating a
pressure differential at the
Where required, threaded tool.
main bodies are available to
enable bell guides to be fitted Please note Coiled Tubing
for fishing small diameter Flow Activated Alligator
tools in large internal diame- Grabs are not designed to
ter tubing. They can also be withstand heavy jarring oper-
supplied with internal or ations in the event that the
external fishing necks look- jaws have gripped onto any
ing up to enable them to be firmly stuck ‘fish’.
used in conjunction with a
Heavy Duty Running / Pulling Coiled Tubing Flow Activated
Tool. Alligator Grabs should
always be run in conjunction
Venturi Junk Basket with a Sequencing Tool.

The Coiled Tubing Venturi Junk

Basket is a tool which is used to
retrieve junk and debris out of the
well bore. When fluid is pumped
through the string of the coiled tub-
ing and out through the nozzles in
the venturi chamber, a vacuum is
created in the venturi chamber.
Fluid is sucked from the bottom of
the tool exit back through the ven-
turi tubes. Most of this fluid mixes
with the pressurized fluid to be re-
circulated around the bottom of the
tool.

The tool is essentially a high pow-

ered vacuum cleaner that may be
used with fluid, nitrogenated fluids
or gases. The nozzles in the tool
are simply changed out for the
available pump rate, fluid or gas. A
debris filter screen is placed before
the venturi chamber to prevent
debris from blocking the venturi
tubes.

A hollow magnetic section with a

finger type trap catches junk and
debris, which is then carried from
the well inside the tool.

Barrel extensions are available to

increase the volume of junk which
may be carried.

The tool is not dependent on hole

size to work, so for example you
could use a 3.1/8” o.d. tool to
retrieve debris from 7” casing.

22
 Downhole Tools
Commonly Used CT Threads Recognition

Commonly Used CT Threads Recognition

1.7 - 10 Stub Acme
Size A B C D E F G
1.7-10 1.00” 1.749” 1.440” 1.260” 0.120” 0.130” 1.500”

C
D
E

A A
B

F
G

Stub Acme
A
Size B C D E F G H I
(max)
1.5-10 .937” 1.336” 2.850” 1.668” 1.175” 0.15” 1.340” 1.686” 2.810”
1.812-10 1.25” 1.682” 2.850” 1.668” 1.195” 0.15” 1.687” 1.686” 2.880
2.062-10 1.500” 1.91” 2.850” 1.660” 1.195” 0.15” 1.914” 1.686” 2.880”

C
F D
E

A
B G

H
I

Ammt with O’ring Groove

A
Size B C D E F G H
(max)
1.00” .63” 1.56” 1.75” 1.50” .44” 1.301” 2.13” 2.00”
1.50” 1.00” 2.00” 2.25” 2.00” .44” 1.688” 2.63” 2.50”

G
C H
D E

A B F
A

23
Downhole Tools
Commonly Used CT Threads Recognition

1 1/4” Ammt
A
Size B C D E F G H I
(max)
1 1/4” 3/4” 1.421” 2.00” 1 5/8” 1 3/4” 1.489” .44” 2 1/2” 2.00”

C I
D G

E A F
B
A

A.P.I. Regular with O’Ring Groove

A
Size B C D E F G H
(max)
2 3/8” 1.25” 1.639” 3.015” 3.00” 3.13” 4.250” 1.69” 2.678”

PAC
A H
Size B C D E F G
(max) (min)
2 3/8” 1 3/8” 1 55/66” 2 1/4” .25” 2.362” 2 13/32” 3.00” 2 1/2”

C G
D H

E A F
B

24
COILED TUBING EQUIPMENT

Injectors - Literature

COILED TUBING HANDBOOK

Injectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Current “5 Series” Injectors .......................................................... 1
Previous Injector Data ................................................................. 11
Tubing Tensioning System........................................................... 12
Schematic..................................................................................... 14

Reels - Literature

Reels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Standard Reel Specifications (Hydra Rig).................................... 16
Drop-in-Drum Reels ..................................................................... 17
Schematics................................................................................... 20
Reel Capacity Calculation ............................................................ 21
Shipping Spools ........................................................................... 22

Power Packs - Literature

Power Packs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Power Pack Hydraulic Schematics............................................... 25

Control Cabins - Literature

Control Cabins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Schematics................................................................................... 30
Hydraulics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Hoses ........................................................................................... 35
Common Hydraulic Symbols ........................................................ 38
Hydraulic Components ................................................................. 39
Fluid Power Principals.................................................................. 42
Hydraulic Pumps .......................................................................... 43
Control Valves .............................................................................. 49
Troubleshooting Procedures ........................................................ 57
Glossary ....................................................................................... 62
 COILED TUBING SYSTEMS
Proven Performance

Engineering excellence achieved through

the manufacturing of over 450 coiled tubing
systems has put Hydra Rig at the leading
edge of coiled tubing technology. With
units in operation around the world, our
equipment is meeting the demand in some
of the toughest environments on earth.

Design Versatility
Trailer mounted 1-1/2” coiled tubing unit, 14,000 ft.
reel capacity, 40,000 lb. pull injector. Configured
Designed to the customers’ specific with tractor driven power unit for reduced weight.
requirements for depth, tubing size and
environmental conditions. Standard
configurations include trailer, truck and skid
mounted systems for both inland and
offshore operation. Control Cabin options
offer flexibility in size, telescoping models
increase visibility and combination power
pack/control cabin skid units reduce
offshore lifts. Reel capacities up to 25,000 Truck mounted 1-1/4” coiled tubing unit, 20,000 ft.
ft. are available. Power Packs are reel capacity, 40,000 lb. pull injector. Mounted on a
6 x 6 chassis for rough terrain mobility.
designed for easy rig up and maintenance,
with optional hydraulic packages available
for multispeed injector control. Auxiliary Complete Control
components such as offshore injector
skids, multi port hose reels and electronic The operators’ control console provides
monitoring systems are offered to meet complete monitoring and control of the
special requirements. system. Functional, simplistic layout
combined with enhanced hydraulic
component controls provides superior on-
site performance and reduces operator
fatigue.

Offshore 1-3/4” coiled tubing unit, North Sea certified, Rugged Injectors
20,000 feet reel capacity, 60,000 lbs. pull injector.
Years of experience throughout the coiled
tubing industry have resulted in injector
designs that are the most advanced on the
market today. Models range from 20,000
lbs. to 200,000 lbs. maximum pull, and
tubing sizes from 1” through 5-1/2”. With
over 500 injectors in operation around the
Trailer mounted 2” coiled tubing unit, recessed reel world, our injectors have met the challenge
design, 14,000 feet reel capacity, 60,000 lbs. pull in the most demanding applications.
injector.
 COILED TUBING SYSTEMS

North Sea Certification

North Sea and BP200 certification is

available on all coiled tubing equipment.
Designed especially for the demanding
conditions required of equipment
operating in the North Sea, these units
3-Skid design 1-1/2” coiled tubing unit, for assure you the highest level of safety and
combination land or offshore use, shown mounted dependability available today.
on trailer with crane.

Service

Twenty four hours a day, 365 days a year,

our personnel are committed to providing
you with the technical assistance, parts
and information necessary to start your Offshore 1-1/4” coiled tubing unit, 21,000 ft. reel
operation successfully and keep it that capacity, 60,000 lb. pull injector with 72” radius
way. Our experienced service team is gooseneck.
dedicated to keeping your units in the
field, on the job, year after year.

Truck mounted 1-1/4” coiled tubing unit with

telescoping hydra lift for fast rig up.

The Choice
From the North Sea to the North slope
of Alaska, in the Persian Gulf or the Gulf
of Mexico, Hydra Rig coiled tubing units
have consistently built a reputation
among coiled tubing operators to be the
smoothest operating, most powerful, and
dependable units ever built. High
mobility, fast rig up time, low
Trailer mounted 1-1/2” coiled tubing unit with maintenance, and most importantly
injector handling mast, 17,500 ft. reel capacity, superior unit control, increases its value
60,000 lb. pull injector, enclosed and winterized
every time it is deployed.
for operation in arctic conditions.
 COILED TUBING DRILLING UNITS
Coiled tubing drilling (CTD) is the
cutting edge technology of today’s
expanding coiled tubing market.

Tuboscope’s Coiled Tubing Drilling

Products Group was created to guide
its coiled tubing drilling effort. The
participating Tuboscope divisions
include Hydra Rig, the world’s leading
provider of coiled tubing equipment Mast and substructure drilling unit utilizes the
HR 5200 injector with 200,000 lbs. lifting capacity,
and nitrogen pumping systems, Texas and tubing sizes through 5-1/2” OD.
Oil Tools (TOT), Brandt, SSR
International, Pressure Control
Engineering (PCE), Tulsa Equipment
Manufacturing (TEM), and Coiled
Tubing Engineering Services (CTES).

Purpose built drilling control trailer features 20 feet

of control cabin space, as well as sound enclosed
diesel hydraulic power unit for CTD rig operation.

Unique elevated reel design reduces tubing fatigue

cycle by 2/3. HR 480 injector is used for 3-1/4” OD
tubing.

Recessed reel design trailers maximize tubing

capacity for land CTD operations.

Our combined expertise and

complementary products are brought
together in the form of innovative and cost-
effective solutions for even the most
demanding applications. As the leading
suppliers of coiled tubing equipment,
pumping and separation equipment, and
pressure control equipment for under
balanced drilling, our team covers the
Portable coiled tubing drilling substructure has a built-
in 170,000 lb. pull rig - assist snubbing unit for
broad range of products and services
handling casing up to 7-5/8” diameter. required for your complete drilling package.
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Injectors

Coiled Tubing Equipment

Injectors
Current “5 Series” Injectors
HR-560 Series

HR-560 Series CT Injector

Performance Data
- 60,000 lb. continuous lifting capacity (see performance curves)
- 26,000 lb. continuous snubbing capacity
- 200 feet/min. maximum speed (minimum displacement)
- 136 feet/min. maximum speed (maximum displacment)
- 100 horsepower continuous (150 horsepower intermittent) with 100°F ambient
conditions
- 1” through 2-3/8” tubing sizes
- Capable of running new 120,000 psi tubing
- Superior slow speed control for drilling applications
- Inches per minute smooth operating speed
- 60,000 lb. lifting capacity through outer frame
- 60,000 lb. lifting capacity from stripper
Drive System
- Deep reduction, purpose built gear drive (patented)
- Single hydraulic motor input (variable desplacement, bent axis piston motor)
- Dual output drive shafts with integral sprockets
- Hard plumbed counterbalance valves
- The outer bearings of the dual drive shafts are grease lubricated

1
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Injectors

- Tubing odometer for maintenance and inspection requirements

- Dual oil seals on gear drive output shafts for long and reliable service
- Single spring applied / pressure released brake mounted between the hydraulic
drive motor and gear drive input pad
Traction System

Traction System

- Patented “Quick Connect” gripper system (1-3 seconds required to remove or install
a gripper)
- Hardened and grooved single piece grippers
- Elastomeric suspension system for grippers (patented)
- “Sealed-for-life” chain bearings - reduced maintenance with no greasing of chain
bearings required
- Purpose built and simplified diect down tension chain system
- New (spray type) injetor chain lubricating system
- Improved skate entrance design for smoother chain bearing entry into traction
system
General Features
- Hub odometer mounted on gear drive output shaft for total footage indication
- Minimum parts count for reduced maintenance
- Narrow width for easier rig access - 52”
- Dual hydraulic load cells standard
- Forklift pockets for yard handling
- Available certified for North Sea service

2
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Injectors

HR-560 Schematic

Weights (Basic)
- 8,100 lbs. assembled weight with stripper mount and 72” gooseneck installed
- 808 lbs. gooseneck weight
- 3 lbs. approximate individual gripper weight
Options
- 60”, 72” & 100” radius tubing guides
- Injection counter
- Fold down walkways
- Electronic or combination of electronic/hydrualic load cells
- Fall protection device

3
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Injectors

4
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Injectors

HR-580 Series

HR-580 Series CT Injector

Performance Data
- 80,000 lb. continuous lifting capacity (see performance curves)
- 40,000 lb. continuous snubbing capacity
- 150 feet/min. maximum speed (minimum displacement)
- 108 feet/min. maximum speed (maximum displacment, 120GPM)
- 100 horsepower continuous (150 horsepower intermittent) with 100°F ambient
conditions
- 1-1/2” through 3-1/2” tubing sizes
- Capable of running new 120,000 psi tubing
- Superior slow speed control for drilling applications
- Inches per minute smooth operating speed
- 80,000 lb. lifting capacity through outer frame
- 80,000 lb. lifting capacity from stripper
Drive System
- Deep reduction, purpose built gear drive (patented)
- Single hydraulic motor input (variable desplacement, bent axis piston motor)
- Dual output drive shafts with integral sprockets
- Hard plumbed counterbalance valves
- The outer bearings of the dual drive shafts are grease lubricated
- Tubing odometer for maintenance and inspection requirements
- Dual oil seals on gear drive output shafts for long and reliable service

5
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Injectors

- Single spring applied / pressure released brake mounted between the hydraulic
drive motor and gear drive input pad
Traction System

Traction System

- Patented “Quick Connect” gripper system (1-3 seconds required to remove or install
a gripper)
- Hardened and grooved single piece grippers
- Elastomeric suspension system for grippers (patented)
- “Sealed-for-life” chain bearings - reduced maintenance with no greasing of chain
bearings required
- Purpose built and simplified diect down tension chain system
- New (spray type) injetor chain lubricating system
- Improved skate entrance design for smoother chain bearing entry into traction
system
General Features
- Hub odometer mounted on gear drive output shaft for total footage indication
- Minimum parts count for reduced maintenance
- Narrow width for easier rig access - 52”
- Dual hydraulic load cells standard
- Forklift pockets for yard handling
- Available certified for North Sea service

6
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Injectors

HR-580 Schematic - 72” Tubing Guide

Weights (Basic)
- 11,500 lbs. assembled weight with 72” gooseneck installed with no stripper mount
- 850 lbs. estimated 72” gooseneck weight
- 6 lbs. approximate individual gripper weight
Options
- 60”, 72”, 100”, 120” & 140” radius tubing guides
- Injector counter
- Fold down walkways
- Elecronic or combination of electronic / hydraulic load cells
- Fall protection device

7
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Injectors

8
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Injectors

HR-5100 Series

HR-5100 Series CT Injector

Performance Data
- 100,000 lb. continuous lifting capacity (see performance curves)
- 50,000 lb. continuous snubbing capacity
- 140 feet/min. maximum speed (minimum displacement)
- 95 feet/min. maximum speed (maximum displacment)
- 200 horsepower continuous (250 horsepower intermittent) with 100°F ambient
conditions
- 1-1/2” through 3-1/2” tubing sizes
- Capable of running new 120,000 psi tubing
- Superior slow speed control for drilling applications
- Inches per minute smooth operating speed
- 100,000 lb. lifting capacity through outer frame
- 100,000 lb. lifting capacity from stripper
Drive System
- Deep reduction, purpose built gear drive (patented)
- Single hydraulic motor input (variable desplacement, bent axis piston motor)
- Dual output drive shafts with integral sprockets
- Hard plumbed counterbalance valves
- The outer bearings of the dual drive shafts are grease lubricated
- Tubing odometer for maintenance and inspection requirements
- Dual oil seals on gear drive output shafts for long and reliable service

9
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Injectors

- Single spring applied / pressure released brake mounted between the hydraulic
drive motor and gear drive input pad
Traction System

Traction System

- Patented “Quick Connect” gripper system (1-3 seconds required to remove or install
a gripper)
- Hardened and grooved single piece grippers
- Elastomeric suspension system for grippers (patented)
- “Sealed-for-life” chain bearings - reduced maintenance with no greasing of chain
bearings required
- Purpose built and simplified diect down tension chain system
- New (spray type) injetor chain lubricating system
- Improved skate entrance design for smoother chain bearing entry into traction
system
General Features
- Hub odometer mounted on gear drive output shaft for total footage indication
- Minimum parts count for reduced maintenance
- Narrow width for easier rig access - 52”
- Dual hydraulic load cells standard
- Forklift pockets for yard handling
- Available certified for North Sea service

10
 Previous Injector Data
INJECTOR SERIES

* HR-125 * HR-150 * HR-240 * HR-260 HR-420 HR-440 HR-480 HR-5100 HR-5200

Hydraulic H-25 Poclain H-30 Poclain H-25 Poclain H-30 Poclain MS082 MS-50 Poclain MS-50 Poclain Rexroth Rexroth
Motor Series Motors Motors Motors Motors Poclain Motors Motors Motors AA6VM250 AA6VM250

* No longer in production.

Large Disp. Large Disp. Large Disp. Large Disp. Large Disp. Large Disp.
Hydraulic 381 cu.in. 599.6 cu.in. 381 cu.in. 599.6 cu.in. Disp. 114 608 cu.in. 1216 cu.in. Variable to Variable to
Motor Disp. Small Disp. Small Disp. Small Disp. Small Disp. cu.in. Small Disp. Small Disp. 250 cc 500 cc
190.5 cu.in. 299.8 cu.in. 190.5 cu.in. 299.8 cu.in. 304 cu.in. 608 cu.in.

Drive System Direct Direct Direct Direct Direct Direct Direct Gearbox W/ Gearbox W/
66:1 Ratio 88:1 Ratio
11

Chain Pitch
140 & 160 160 & 180 140 & 160 160 & 180 140 180 200 200 240
Available

Maximum
32,000 lbs 42,000 lbs 40,000 lbs 60,000 lbs 18,000 lbs 60,000 lbs 100,000 lbs 100,000 lbs 200,000 lbs
Rated Pull

Maximum Snub
10,000 lbs 10,000 lbs 15,000 lbs 15,000 lbs 5000 lbs 20,000 lbs 40,000 lbs 60,000 lbs 60,000 lbs
Capacity

Tubing Size
1" - 1-3/4" 1" - 2-3/8" 1" - 1-3/4" 1" - 2-3/8" 1" - 1-1/2" 1" - 2-3/8" 1-1/4" - 3-1/2" 1-1/4" - 3-1/2" 2" - 5-1/2"
Capability

Approx. Weight

Coiled Tubing Equipment

7,500 lbs 10,000 lbs 8,000 lbs 11,000 lbs 3,600 lbs 7,200 lbs 13,500 lbs
w/Gooseneck

Dimensions L-61", H-93", L-78", H-103", L-61", H-95", L-76", H-102", L-40", H-60", L-55", H-80", L-64", H-109", L-73", H-121", L-86", H-165",
W-59" W-70" W-59" W-72" W-32" W-52" W-60" W-53" W-51"

Injectors
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Injectors

Tubing Tensioning System

Hyrda Rig has two types of tensioning systems; Type "R" (Roller) and the Type "S"
(Skate) for their injectors.
Common Features
- 240 and 260 series are retrofitable to either "S" or "R" design.
- Three independent traction cylinder sets for safety.
- Free floating, centering design to reduce wear on tubing and injector.
- Traction shaft carrier wear inserts, to reduce critical component wear points and
injector clatter.
Type "R" (Roller)
- Traction rollers contained in tensioning carrier assembly.
- Chain is flat back.
Type "S" (Skate)
- Traction rollers contained in chain assembly.
- Flat bar (Skate) contained in tensioning carrier assembly.
Specifications
Grip Length for 240 Series
- Type "S" - 42", 24 rollers sets in contact.
- Type "R" - 38 ¾", 21 roller sets in contact.
Grip Length for 260 Series
- Type "S" - 42", 19 rollers sets in contact.
- Type "R" - 38 ¾", 21 roller sets in contact.
Chain
- 240 "R" and 260 "R" - ANSI 160 STD Triple Strand
- 240 "S" - ANSI 140 STD Triple Strand
- 260 "S" - ANSI 180 STD Triple Strand

12
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Injectors

Tensioning System Bearings

"S" Type
• L17 cam roller, roller bearing - 140 Chain
• L14 cam roller, needle bearing - 140 Chain
• 221 cam roller, needle bearing - 180 Chain
"R" Type
• DSF 241 double cam roller type needle bearing - Non Chain related.
Gripper Blocks Contact Areas
240 Series
• 240 "S": 1.25" - 2.37 sq. in., 1.5" 2.8 sq. in.
• 240 "R": 1.25" - 2.15 sq. in., 1.5" 2.74 sq. in.
260 Series
• 260 "S": 1.5" - 3.95 sq. in.
• 260 "R": 1.5" - 2.74 sq. in.

Tensioning Assemblies

13
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Injectors

Schematic

Typical Hydraulic Injector

14
 COILED TUBING REELS
Our reels are designed to optimize tubing
capacity in the smallest possible envelope Model 3015 reel holds
dimensions. With today’s demands for 15,000 ft. of 1-3/4”
tubing. Unit shown
longer, heavier, larger diameter tubing, a with 4 point lifting
full range of reels are supplied and built to frame and dual inlet
fit your applications. Features that include valves.
chain or direct drive, clear through bore
swivels designed specifically for coiled
tubing use, and hinged to open counters
make our reels the preference of
experienced operators. Model 2015 reel
holds 15,000 ft. of
1-1/2” tubing. Unit
Our unique “dished” end drum design shown has 2 point
provides maximum drum width, and allows lifting bail and on
safe, convenient access to the reel’s board lube tank for
tubing inhibitor
internal plumbing. All models are wireline application.
adaptable, and many models are available
for 15,000 psi service for high-pressure
applications. Skid mounted models are Model 1015 holds
15,000 ft. of 1-1/4”
available with North Sea certification. tubing. Unit shown is
for truck mounted
application, with 2
point lifting bail and
Model 6110 spooling nylon strap transport
foundation is designed drum tie-downs.
to handle shipping
spools up to 192” OD,
tubing sizes up to 3-1/
2” diameter.

Trailer mounted
reels feature
recessed drum
design to
maximize tubing
capacity within
road
regulations.

Oversized reel trailers available for service in

unrestricted remote areas. Unit shown handles
8,000 ft. of 3-1/2” diameter tubing.
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Reels

Reels

Typical Reel Configuration

15
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Reels

Standard Reel Specifications (Hydra Rig)

Hydra Rig Reel Models*
1015 2015 3015 3020 4122
Diameter (in)
Core 60 76 84 84 96
Flange 100 119 135 148 168
Drum Width 60 70 70 70 82
Gross Lift Capacity (lbs)
30,000 48,000 68,000 68,000 115,000
Tubing Capacity (ft)
1.25" 15,000 22,500 25,000 25,000 25,000
1.50" 10,000 15,100 22,000 25,000 25,000
1.75" - 11,200 15,000 20,000 25,000
2.00" - 8,500 11,000 15,000 22,000
2.38" - - - - 15,000
2.88" - - - - -
3.50" - - - - -
Dimensions
Weight 7,000 12,000 13,500 14,000 21,000
Length 118 148 164 177 194
Width 95 98 98 98 112
Height 102 122 138 151 171
Working Pressure (psi)
Standard 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000
Working Pressure (psi)
Optional - 15,000 15,000 15,000 -

Identifying HydraRig Reel Models

16
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Reels

Drop-in-Drum Reels

17
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Reels

D2000 Drop-In Reel Summary

Weight: 11,000 lbs (without spool)

16 RPM Max (300 FPM on 72” core)
11,500 ft. lbs (2,300 lbs @ 120” O.D.)

18
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Reels

D3000 Drop-In Reel Summary Sheet

Weight: 11,000 lbs (without spool)

16 RPM Max (300 FPM on 72” core)
11,500 ft. lbs (2,300 lbs @ 120” O.D.)

19
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Reels

Schematics

Typical Cross-section of a Hydra Rig “Clear-through Bore” Circulatory Swivel

Typical Reel Hydraulic Schematic

20
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Reels

Reel Capacity Calculation

Use the following equations to determine pipe capacities for common reel sizes.

NOTE 1: N & M must be rounded down to an integer number.

NOTE 2: L is in the same units as A, B, C, D and E

21
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Reels

Shipping Spools
Reel Capacity for Coiled Tubing
Standard Shipping Spool Tubing Capacity (English)
Spool Measurements D = 1.00” 1.25” 1.50” 1.75” 2.00” 2.375” 2.875” 3.50”
(in) E= 2.0” 2.0” 2.0” 2.75” 3.0” 3.5” 4.0” 4.5”
Reel Flange Core Flange
OD Height Dia. Width
A B C Reel Capacities in Feet
90 21.0 48 48 15,997 9,961 6,635
112 20.0 72 60 25,447 15,746 11,310 7,030 5,529 3,387
116 22.0 72 60 28,903 18,498 12,456 8,935 6,362 4,060
120 24.0 72 60 32,484 19,921 13,635 9,934 7,226 4,765
124 26.0 72 60 36,191 22,861 16,085 10,964 8,121 5,500
128 28.0 72 60 40,024 24,379 17,357 12,025 9,048 6,267
135 26.5 82 65 43,291 27,353 19,093 13,191 9,584 6,576
140 29.0 82 65 50,081 30,947 22,087 15,729 11,762 7,475
142 30.0 82 65 52,412 32,795 22,087 15,729 11,762 8,407
154 31.0 92 65 59,713 37,808 25,774 18,598 14,074 9,185 6,110
154 28.0 98 65 54,863 33,489 23,635 16,612 12,265 8,606 5,575
160 24.0 112 79 60,971 37,362 25,348 18,802 13,477 9,054 5,482 3,729
180 34.0 112 89 107,367 66,567 46,547 31,544 24,536 16,332 11,054 7,330
180 25.0 130 89 81,993 51,023 35,333 23,719 19,260 13,197 8,254 4,827

Standard Shipping Spool Tubing Capacity (Metric)

Spool D (mm) 25.4 31.75 38.1 44.45 50.8 60.325 73.025 88.9
Measurements (m) E (mm) 50.8 50.8 50.8 69.85 76.2 88.9 101.6 114.3
Reel Flange Core Flange
OD Height Dia. Width
A B C Reel Capacities in Meters
2.29 0.533 1.219 1.219 4,876 3,036 2,022
2.84 0.508 1.829 1.524 7,756 4,799 3,447 2,143 1,685 1,032
2.95 0.559 1.829 1.524 8,810 5,638 3,797 2,723 1,939 1,238
3.05 0.610 1.829 1.524 9,901 6,072 4,156 3,028 2,202 1,452
3.15 0.660 1.829 1.524 11,031 6,968 4,903 3,342 2,475 1,676
3.25 0.711 1.829 1.524 12,199 7,431 5,291 3,665 2,758 1,910
3.43 0.673 2.083 1.651 13,195 8,337 5,819 4,021 2,921 2,004
3.56 0.737 2.083 1.651 15,265 9,433 6,732 4,794 3,585 2,278
3.61 0.762 2.083 1.651 15,975 9,996 6,732 4,794 3,585 2,563
3.91 0.787 2.337 1.651 18,200 11,524 7,856 5,669 4,290 2,800 1,862
3.91 0.711 2.489 1.651 16,722 10,208 7,204 5,063 3,738 2,623 1,699
4.06 0.610 2.845 2.007 18,584 11,388 7,726 5,731 4,108 2,760 1,671 1,137
4.57 0.864 2.845 2.261 32,725 20,290 14,188 9,614 7,479 4,978 3,369 2,234
4.57 0.635 3.302 2.261 24,992 15,552 10,770 7,230 5,870 4,022 2,516 1,471

22
 COILED TUBING CABINS AND POWER UNITS
Rounding out the complete coiled Model 501 cabin
tubing package, cabins and power features large
interior floor
units are available in a number of plan and multi
standard configurations such as the port powered
ones illustrated here. Each cabin hose reels for
fast rig up/rig
design can be completed with optional down.
features to suit the operators’ field
conditions. Power units are available
with hydraulic packages for open loop,
closed loop, and high-pressure open
loop configurations. While diesel
driven units are normal, electric driven Model 401 cabin
units are also available, as well as units is ideally suited
for land trailer or
that are North Sea certified, and sound barge operation.
enclosed.

Combination
cabin / power
pack design
stores all unit
hoses and Model 301 cabin
reduces offers
offshore intermediate
footprint. cabin space and
on board hose
bundle storage.

Standard
diesel driven
skid mounted
power unit with Model 201 cabin
open loop is designed for
hydraulic offshore operation
system. with limited
platform space.

North Sea
certified diesel “L” shaped
driven power control panel
unit with high- configuration
pressure provides
hydraulic superior control
system. and
monitoring
access.
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Power Packs

Power Packs

Typical Power Pack Assembly

23
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Power Packs

Hydra Rig offers the following types of CT power packs:

• Standard Open Loop Power Pack

• High Pressure Open Loop Power Pack
• Closed Loop Power Pack
The various hydraulic circuits and their respective flow rates and pressures are shown in the
following table. Power packs found in the field may differ due to various customer require-
ments, upgrades as higher pressures and larger CT sizes evolved, and improvements over
the years. Therefore, the flow rates and pressures shown in the following table may differ
from those found on your CTU. The major difference lies in the injector drive circuits, conse-
quently, Hydra Rig classifies their power packs according to the injector drive circuit being
utilized. All values shown in the chart below are “typical”.

Standard High Pressure Closed

Circuits Function
Open Loop Open Loop Loop
double vane pump
Injector runs the injector 30 : 60 gpm / 2000 psi, or 120 gpm / 4600psi 120gpm / 4600psi
40 : 60 gpm / 2000 psi, or
30: 70 gpm / 2000 psi
flushes injector
Flush (closed loop N/A N/A 12gpm / 3000psi
pumps only)
Reel runs the reel 27gpm / 2500psi 29gpm / 2500psi 27gpm / 2500psi
Levelwind runs the levelwind 27gpm / 2500psi 29gpm / 2500psi 27gpm / 2500psi
BOP runs the BOP 12gpm / 2700psi 14gpm / 2700psi 12gpm / 2600psi
Priority runs the controls in 12gpm / 2100psi 14gpm / 2100psi 12gpm / 2800psi
the control cabin
runs the powered
Auxiliary hose reels, crane, 27gpm / 2500psi 29gpm / 2500psi 12gpm / 2800psi
winch, etc.

Standard High Pressure Open

Injector Drive Circuit Closed Loop
Open Loop Loop
Max. Pressure (psi) 3,000 5,000 5,000
Load Sensed, Variable Bi-Directional, Variable
Injector Drive Pump Fixed displacement Displacement, Pressure Displacement, Pressure
Double Vane Pump Compensating Piston Compensating Piston
Pump Pump
Possible Pump T6 Series P16 P11
(T6CC, T6CR) P14
Flushing Circuit No No Yes
4-Way Valve Yes No No
Munson Tison Valve Ties into the Ties into the load sensed Ties directly
(located in the cabin) 4-way valve 4-way valve into the pump

24
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Power Packs

Power Pack Hydraulic Schematics

The following contains hydraulic schematics for various power packs for your quick review.
Each power pack and their respective hydraulic circuits (i.e., injector, reel, levelwind, priority,
auxiliary, and BOP) are presented in their respective chapters.

Standard Open Loop

The standard open loop injector drive circuit utilizes a fixed displacement double vane pump
and a 4-way valve. The vane pump may be a Denison T6 Series pump actually consisting
of two vane pumps. The valve is a pressure compensating directional control valve that
controls the speed and direction of the injector motors.
The system is capable of operating at 3,000 PSI. The main relief valve is also set at 3,000
PSI. In simple terms, oil is taken from the tank, through the pump and valves, and to the
injector motors. Oil returns through a filter and air cooler and finally back to the tank.

Typical Hydraulic Schematic - Standard Open Loop Power Pack

25
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Power Packs

High Pressure Open Loop

The high pressure open loop injector drive circuit utilizes a load sensed, variable displace-
ment, pressure compensated piston pump which may be a Denison P16 pump (16 inch3/
revolution displacement). The system is capable of operating at 5,000 PSI. However, the
main relief valve is set at 4,600 PSI.

In simple terms, oil is taken from the tank, through the pump and valves, and to the injector
motors. The oil returns to the pump inlet (supercharging the pump) after passing through a
filter and heat exchanger. A pressure relief valve in the return line ensures oil that is not
required by the pump is routed back to the tank. This system does offer a couple of advan-
tages over the closed loop system (even though this system is slightly more complicated).
The high pressure open loop system generates less heat, and can be used to power jacking
substructures / cylinders.

Typical Hydraulic Schematic - High Pressure Open Loop Power Pack

26
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Power Packs

Closed Loop Power Pack

The closed loop injector drive circuit utilizes a bi-directional, variable displacement pressure
compensated piston pump. This may be a Denison P11 or P14 pump. The pump actually
consists of three pumps: main pump, charge pump (charges the main pump), and servo
pump (shifts the swash plate).

The system is capable of operating at 5,000 PSI. The main relief valve is set at 4,600 PSI.
This system is less complicated when compared to the high pressure open loop system. In
simple terms, oil is taken from the tank through the pump and valves, and to the injector
motors. Oil returns through a filter and goes directly back to the pump inlet (not to the tank).
A charge pump and auxiliary flushing circuit are always present to replenish fluid that leaked
from the high pressure elements into the pump's case and to add cool oil into the low side of
the loop to stabilize the oil temperature.

Typical Hydraulic Schematic - Closed Loop Power Pack

27
 COILED TUBING CABINS AND POWER UNITS
Rounding out the complete coiled Model 501 cabin
tubing package, cabins and power features large
interior floor
units are available in a number of plan and multi
standard configurations such as the port powered
ones illustrated here. Each cabin hose reels for
fast rig up/rig
design can be completed with optional down.
features to suit the operators’ field
conditions. Power units are available
with hydraulic packages for open loop,
closed loop, and high-pressure open
loop configurations. While diesel
driven units are normal, electric driven Model 401 cabin
units are also available, as well as units is ideally suited
for land trailer or
that are North Sea certified, and sound barge operation.
enclosed.

Combination
cabin / power
pack design
stores all unit
hoses and Model 301 cabin
reduces offers
offshore intermediate
footprint. cabin space and
on board hose
bundle storage.

Standard
diesel driven
skid mounted
power unit with Model 201 cabin
open loop is designed for
hydraulic offshore operation
system. with limited
platform space.

North Sea
certified diesel “L” shaped
driven power control panel
unit with high- configuration
pressure provides
hydraulic superior control
system. and
monitoring
access.
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Control Cabins

Control Cabins

Hydra Rig Control Cabin

Various models of control cabins are offered by Hydra Rig (i.e., 201, 301, 401, and 501) as
shown in the following illustrations. These are the standards from which customers use and
change (if desired) to meet their specific needs. Hoses are stored in front of the cabin using
either a multiport hose reel or posts. Telescoping cabins that raise up and down are
optional. Large, roomy cabins with plenty of seating and desk space are also available.

28
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Control Cabins

HR Model 201 HR Model 401

HR Model 301 HR Model 501

29
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Control Cabins
Schematics
Control Cabin
Typical Upper & Lower Control Panels
30
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Control Cabins
Injector
Typical Upper & Lower Control Panels
31
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Control Cabins
Stripper / Packer
Typical Upper & Lower Control Panels
32
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Control Cabins
Blow Out Preventer
Typical Upper & Lower Control Panels
33
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Control Cabins
Reel & Levelwind
Typical Upper & Lower Control Panels
34
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Hydraulics
Hydraulics
Hoses
The drawing below shows the general routing of the CTU hoses. Please refer to the follow-
ing tables for standard hose numbers by component.
35
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Hydraulics

Standard Hose Numbers by Component

Standard hose numbers stated by component are given below for a standard CTU. Please
note, this is for informational purposes only. To determine the correct hose numbers for your
coiled tubing unit, please refer to its respective Owner's Manual.

Tag # A/C and Heater Tag # Cranes

76 A/C Drain 60 Case Drain
77 A/C Pressure 96 Return
78 A/C Return 93 Winch Pressure
114 Heater Supply
115 Heater Return

Tag # Engine Tag # Pumps

16 Oil Pressure 6 Priority
17 Auxiliary Fuel --In 13 Injector Power --In
18 Auxiliary Fuel --Out 14 Injector Power --Out
19 Throttle 33 Reel Pressure
20 Air Supply 75 Charge Pressure
21 Emergency Kill 80 Auxiliary --Pressure
22 Kill 81 Auxiliary --Return
82 Remote Permissive Start 38 Main Return
83 Remote Engine Start
Tag # BOP Tag # Hose Reel
1 Blind Ram---Open 4 “A” Reel --Pressure
2 Blind Ram---Close 15 “A” Reel --Return

26 Shear Ram--Open 100 “B” Reel --Return

28 Shear Ram--Close

29 Slip Ram--Open
30 Slip Ram--Close

27 Pipe Ram-- Open Tag # Power Swivel

31 Pipe Ram--Close Not Shown Here

32 Wellhead Pressure

24 Stripper #1--Retract
25 Stripper #1--Pack

36 BOP Pressure

57 BOP #5---Close
58 BOP #5---Open

34 Auxiliary --Close
35 Auxiliary--Open
65 Inhibitor (Stripper)
94 Stripper #2--Retract
95 Stripper #2--Pack

36
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Hydraulics

Tag # Tubing Reel Tag # Injectors

33 Tubing Reel - Pressure 3 Case Drain
37 Tubing Levelwind Override - Pressure 5 Injector Chain lubricator
39 Tubing Reel - Return 7 Injector Bottom Traction
40 Tubing Reel - Brake 8 Injector Top Traction
41 Tubing Reel - Circulating Pressure 9 Injector Middle Traction
42 Tubing Reel - Levelwind Forward 11 Injector Emergency Brake
43 Tubing Reel - Levelwind Reverse 12 Injector Direction Forward
44 Reel Tension Control 13 Injector Power In Hole
45 Reel Pay - Out 14 Injector Power Out Hole
46 Reel Pay - In 23 Injector Pressure Adjust Pilot Hi
47 Reel Pivot - Extend 50 Injector Direction - Reverse
48 Reel Pivot - Retract 53 Injector Labe Supply
61 Levelwind Return 54 Injector Brake
62 Inhibitor Bleed 55 Injector Two-Speed
63 Levelwind Supply 56 Chain Tension
64 Inhibitor Reel - Internal 69 Injector Slow - Speed
66 Reel Tubing Lubricator Supply 70 Injector Slow-Speed Return
67 Tubing Lubrication 86 Injector Pump Press - Low Flow
68 Tubing Reel Air Supply 91 Injector Pressure Adjust Pilot-low
73 Tubing Reel Drum Brake 97 Injector Slow - Speed Pilot
79 Reel Brake Vent directly to Tank 105 Injector Slow - Speed - Out
84 Reel Brake Drain 106 Injector Slow - Speed - In
85 Reel Case Drain 107 Auto Driller - Pilot
87 Hydraulic Levelwind Drive Return 108 Auto Driller
89 Levelwind - Lower 110 Injector Traction Bleed Pilot
90 Levelwind - Raise 112 Pipe Straighter - Retract
116 Spool Load 113 Pipe Straighter - Extend
117 Spool Unload 49 Weight Indicator - Pipe Heavy
51 Ext Reel Plug Valve Actr - Close 59 Weight Indicator - Pipe Light
52 Ext Reel Plug Valve Actr - Open 101 Injector Tubing Guide Raise
102 Injector Tubing Guide Lower

37
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Hydraulics

Common Hydraulic Symbols

strainer or filter reservoir or tank reservoir - connecting reservoir - connecting

lines above fluid level lines below fluid level

pressure gauge temperature gauge

air cooler liquid cooler

quick disconnects quick disconnects lines crossing over lines connected

(connected) (disconnected) each other (not
connected)

cylinder - single rod gas accumulator detent - two position mechanical actuator

hydraulic pilot air pilot

push button actuator lever

solenoid switch - electrical pump - fixed pump - variable

make/break displacement displacement

pump - variable pump - bi-directional, pump - bi-directional, pump - bi-directional,

displacement, pressure variable displacement fixed displacement variable pressure
compensated compensated

hydraulic motor - fixed hydraulic motor - hydraulic motor - direction of rotation -

displacement bi-directional variable variable displacement clockwise viewing shaft
displacement

bi-directional of rotation spring adjustable spring open/close valve (2-way)

check valve variable relief valve -

ex: R1E or Ful Flo adjustable orifice - 2 position valve
valve ex: needle valve

3 position valve 2-way valves (2 ports) 3-way valves (3 ports) 4-way valves (4 ports)

2 position, 2-way valve 2 position, 3-way valve 2 position, 4-way valve solenoid actuated valve

pressure relief valve - pressure reducing sequence valve - unloading valve - chk
pressure to tank valve pressure sequences valve to isolate from
another action system/external pilot
req’d

counterbalance valve

38
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Hydraulics

Hydraulic Components
In order to comprehend how hydraulic fluid power can be applied, a basic understanding of
how it works and the components involved is necessary.

Hydraulic Oil

Although most brands of the same type of oil will mix without harm, the oil supplier should be
consulted before doing so. The chemical additives (i.e., rust inhibitors, foam suppressants,
and viscosity index impovers) may not be compatible. To be safe, only use new oil taken
from original factory containers.

Did you know that oil never "wears out." However, it can become so contaminated that it is
unfit for further use. Solids contaminating the oil can come from different places:
• Solids left in the equipment components when the system was constructed.
• Solids generated within the system (normal wear of moving parts and packing
deterioration).
• Solids produced by chemical action (overheating).
• Solid contaminants most often enter the hydraulic system from the outside (such as dirt).

Dirt is one of the worst enemies of a hydraulic system. Dirt can enter a system through
quick disconnects and tank vents. Dirt around a tank cap that is not wiped clean before
checking the tank level can fall into the reservoir. All reasonable precautions should be
taken to keep dirt from entering fluid lines and reservoirs. Even new oil may contain dirt, so
pour it through a strainer using a clean funnel or hose. Never add used, old, or unknown oil
to the system.

Viscosity is probably the most important characteristic of the hydraulic oil. Viscosity is a
measurement of the resistance of the oil's molecules to flow past one another (something
like the internal friction of the oil). Since oil viscosity changes with temperature, it is always
expressed at a reference temperature, usually 100oF. As oil gets colder, it becomes more
viscous (like honey). Cold weather damage usually comes from trying to run on oil which is
so cold that the pump cannot draw it through the feed line to its inlet.
As oil gets hotter, its becomes less viscous. Most oils begin to breakdown at temperatures
above 180°F. At this temperature or higher, the viscosity may become so low that lubrication
of components may be inadequate, components like rubber seals and filter elements may
deteriorate rapidly, and power loss becomes high. Oil life is shortened at high temperatures
because many chemical reactions can occur such as oxidation (reaction with oxygen from
the air), and reactions with minute quantities of acids which were not removed during the
refining process or which formed from moisture condensing in the oil. The oil should never
exceed 200°F.

The hydraulic industry treats all liquids (e.g., hydraulic oil and water) as non-compressible
substances even though they are ever-so slightly compressible.

Hydraulic Reservoir

The main function of the reservoir in a hydraulic system is to store and supply hydraulic fluid
for use by the system. A reservoir can also serve several secondary functions:
• By transferring waste heat through its walls, the reservoir acts as a heat exchanger that
cools the fluids within.
• The reservoir allows entrained air to rise and escape performing the function of a
deaerator.
• The reservoir acts like a fluid conditioner by allowing the solid contaminants to settle to
the bottom of the tank.

A typical industrial reservoir is constructed of welded steel plates. The inside of the reser-
voir is painted with a sealer that is compatible with the fluid being used to reduce the chance

39
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Hydraulics

of rusting caused by condensed moisture within the tank. A plug (usually magnetic) is
placed at a low point on the tank allowing complete drainage.

Clean-out plates are usually installed on both ends of the tank. This is especially true of res-
ervoirs sized above ten gallons. The plates are easily removed and large enough to provide
complete access when the interior of the reservoir is being cleaned or painted.

Fluid returning to the reservoir is usually warmer than the fluid in the reservoir and probably
contains air bubbles. Baffles are used to prevent the returning fluid from directly entering
the pump inlet. A baffle plate is installed lengthwise through the center of the tank, forcing
the fluid to move along the reservoir walls, where much of the heat is dissipated to the outer
surfaces of the reservoir. This causes less turbulence which allows entrained air to escape
and contaminants to settle to the bottom.
A vented breather cap is installed to accommodate the air exchange that results from the
constant change of pressure and temperature within the tank. As the hydraulic cylinders
extend and retract, air is taken in and expelled through this filter. Generally, the breather
must be large enough to handle the airflow required to maintain atmospheric pressure,
whether the tank is empty or full (the higher the flow rate, the larger the breather). On a
pressurized reservoir, the breather is replaced by an air valve that regulates the tank pres-
sure between preset limits. An oil bath air filter is sometimes used in atmospheres that are
exceptionally dirty.
The filler opening is often part of the breather assembly. The opening has a removable
screen that keeps contaminants out of the tank when fluid is being added to the reservoir. A
cap that will provide a tight seal should be chained to the reservoir. Another type of filler
opening is a quick-disconnect fitting screwed into a pipe that extends within a few inches of
the bottom of the tank.

Reservoir Oil Level

The oil level is checked using either a sight glass or two small transparent portholes installed
in the clean-out plates. This allows someone to check the upper and lower fluid levels with-
out exposing the oil to contamination that can occur when using a dipstick.
Proper oil level in a hydraulic reservoir is essential for proper operation. The oil level should
be maintained 2" from the top of the tank. A low oil level will allow excessive condensation.
A high oil level will result in oil spillage due to expansion of hot oil.

Always open the access lid on the tank when filling the tank. The sight glass is not a very
reliable source of level indication when filling a tank.

Caution: When the hydraulic circuit includes a crane system make certain
the crane is in the proper stowed or transport position prior to filling the
hydraulic reservoir. If the oil contained in the extended cylinders is returned
to a full reservoir, extensive oil spillage will result and / or severe damage to
the hydraulic reservoir. The most common mistake is filling a tank to capacity
when the accumulators are charged with oil. When the accumulators are
emptied, the tank will overflow.

Draining Water from the Hydraulic Reservoir

Every unit supplied by Hydra Rig has a bottom drain that provides two functions.

1. Drain hydraulic oil from the tank when changing oil.

2. Drain water from the tank daily.

The proper procedure for removing water is to crack the drain valve open maybe ¼ turn and
let the water flow out of the tank. Opening the valve too much will give a false indication and
may allow only oil to be removed. If the valve is opened correctly, only water will come out.
When the water stops coming out, open the valve a little more and a mixture of water and oil
will appear. Continue this process until only oil is removed.

40
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Hydraulics

This should be done every day, even if the unit is not in service. If the unit is running, it is not
possible to drain the water because it is mixed together with the hydraulic oil. The best time
to drain the water is every morning before starting the unit. Removal of the water will
increase the life of all hydraulic components.

Strainers and Filters

Solid contamination can be removed with suitable filters. Some people can detect grit by
feeling of an oil sample. But if grit can be detected in this way, the oil is already highly con-
taminated--determine the cause and rectify the problem.

There is no clear distinction between a strainer and a filter. A strainer is usually considered
to be a coarse filter (filtering larger particles) that can be cleaned and then re-used. Strain-
ers are generally placed inside the hydraulic tank. A filter is much finer. Consequently, a fil-
ter element cannot be cleaned and reused--it must be replaced. As a rule-of-thumb, any
filter with a rating coarser than 40 micro-metre may be called a strainer (25 micro-metres =
0.001 inch). Don't forget, small particles may not be picked up on their first pass through the
filter (even within a fine filter) but may circulate many times before being caught.

It's good practice to filter the hydraulic oil while it is being added to the system. There are
many commercial filtration systems available on the market. Progressive filtration systems
are the best. The typical progressive system filters the oil to 50 micron, then to 30 micron,
and finally 10 micron. It is also good practice to recirculate the oil through this progressive
filter system at pre-established maintenance intervals.

Hydraulic Hoses

If ordering a hose, be sure and order a "hydraulic grade" hose. A hose is measured and
specified by its inside diameter. Its outside diameter will vary according to the number of
layers of wire braid and rubber which must be used to obtain the pressure rating. Hose life
is good but all rubber slowly deteriorates from contact with various substances such as sol-
vents, water, ozone, and exposure to sunlight and heat. Hoses are not as permanent as
metal plumbing and should be replaced every few years.

Hydraulic Piping and Fittings

Pipe ratings for hydraulic pipe and tubing are rated schedule 40, 80, and 160.

Pipe fittings are a very important element of a hydraulic system. The first step to plumbing a
system is to minimize the pressure drops by ensuring the proper size fittings are included.
Every 90° turn adds a pressure drop. If designing a system, spend the time required to lay-
out flow paths and minimize restrictions.

There are various fitting threads available:

• 37° JIC (straight thread)
• SAE (straight thread backed-up by an O-ring seal)
• NPT (pipe thread which is a tapered thread and seal)

Most systems are plumbed with JIC or SAE fittings. JIC is the thread of choice when using
hoses. JIC fittings provide a metal-to-metal seal and the most popular for all applications.

SAE fittings are more common than NPT fittings. SAE threads are backed-up by an O-ring
seal. Straight threads are susceptible to loosening on their own when subjected to high
vibration.

NPT fittings have a "tapered" seal and threads. The tapered threads can add to distortion in
valve bodies and other distortion-sensitive devices if overtightened. NPT threads will not
accept SAE threads and vice versa.

41
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Hydraulics

Fluid Power Principals

How Fluid Power Works

The input source of power for a fluid system is always mechanical (engine) or electrical
(electric motor). The mechanical or electrical power is converted into an equivalent amount
(less pump leakage and internal friction) of fluid power by means of an a hydraulic pump.

After conversion to fluid power, suitable valving is added to control the direction of flow, reg-
ulate the rate of flow, and limit the maximum pressure. The fluid power is then converted
back to mechanical power by means of an actuator (hydraulic motor or cylinder).

Directional Pressure Motion Flow

Prime
Pump Control Control Control Control Actuator
Mover
Valves Valves Valves Valves

engine piston 2-way relief counter- needle hydraulic

balance motor
electric vane 3-way unloading flow control cylinder
motor
gear 4-way pressure flow divider
reducing
dump
sequence

The whole arrangement is called a fluid power circuit or fluid power system.

Advantages of Fluid Power

• Ease and accuracy of control
• Multiplication of force
• Constant force or torque
• Simplicity, safety, and economy
• Instantly reversible motion
• Practically no danger from overloading
• Space savings
Work / Energy

Work can best be defined as a force exerted over a certain distance. Work is usually
expressed in units of foot-pounds or inch-pounds.

work (foot-pounds) = force (pounds) x distance (feet)

Energy is the capacity to do work and is expressed in the same units as work. You may be
familiar with three forms of energy: potential, kinetic, and heat.

When a 500-pound weight is raised and stops at a predetermined height, it has potential
energy--it is capable (has the potential) of doing work when it is lowered.

Kinetic energy is the energy that a substance has by virtue of its weight and velocity. A body
in motion has kinetic energy--it is also capable of doing work.

Energy that we lose to friction is transformed into heat energy.

Heat Energy

Heat is actually a form of energy. Used in a productive manner, heat can change liquid nitro-
gen into a gaseous phase. Can you think of an example when heat is not used in a produc-
tive manner? How about when hydraulic oil gets hot. Whenever oil goes from a higher
pressure to a lower pressure without doing mechanical work, heat is created. Actually, the

42
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Hydraulics

kinetic energy is converted into heat energy. Examples would be oil flowing over a relief
valve, oil flowing through an orifice, internal slippage in a pump, and flow resistance in
plumbing. This heat is added to the oil and a large part dissipated in the reservoir or through
a heat exchanger.
When fluid changes direction in a pipe, a certain amount of kinetic energy is again changed
into heat energy. Consequently, power is lost when fluid either changes direction or when
heat is created and not used in a productive manner.

As a side note, the heat generated by oil flowing across a relief valve over a period of time
can be calculated with the following formula.

Heat (BTU / hr) = pressure (psi across relief) x flow rate (gpm discharge) x 1.4848
Power

Power, or horsepower, expresses the rate at which work is performed. The amount of power
(horsepower) transmitted through the fluid will depend on how fast the actuator (hydraulic
motor) moves. The faster the rate, the greater the horsepower.
power = work / time = (force x distance) / time

Power flows through a pipe only when the fluid is moving and when it is under pressure.
Unless both conditions exist, no power is being transferred. If the fluid is under pressure but
is not moving, only force is being transmitted (no matter how much pressure is showing on
the gauge) and the power flow is zero. When the fluid starts to move, power and force are
being transmitted.

force = pressure x area "or" pressure = force / area

area of a circle = 3.1416 x (radius)2 = 0.7854 x (diameter)2

A pressure gauge is the usually used to determine the pressure in the formula above.

Origin and Definition of "Horsepower"

Did you know that 1 horsepower is equivalent to a 150 pound weight raised a distance of
220-ft in one minute?

The use of "horsepower" as a unit of measurement has been around since 1879. Its origin
is credited to the Scotsman, James Watt. He invented the first steam engine that could turn
wheels. In those days, horses were used to raise water from the mines. In order to promote
the use of the steam engine, Mr. Watt had to tell the mine owners how many horses could be
replaced with the engine. He estimated that a very strong horse working at a steady aver-
age rate could lift a 150 pound load to a height of 220 feet in one minute's working time.
Thus, he defined a horsepower as 220-ft x 150-lb = 33,000 foot-pounds of work per minute
(or 550 foot-pounds per second). As it turned out, this estimate was higher than the average
horse could produce but the definition has continued up to the present time.

Hydraulic Pumps
A pump is a device for changing mechanical power from the prime mover (engine or electric
motor) into the same amount of fluid power, less friction and flow loss in the pump itself.
hydraulic horsepower = (psi x gpm) / 1714

The friction and flow loss are not taken into account in the above equation. This is usually
done by expressing a certain pump efficiency (e.g., 85% efficiency). The flow output of a
pump is directly proportional to shaft speed of the prime mover. If speed is increased by
50%, the flow output will increase by approximately the same amount.

A pump's primary purpose is to produce flow, not pressure.

43
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Hydraulics

A pump can produce its rated flow at zero pressure and still fulfill its primary purpose. The
pump produces pressure only as a secondary function and only when a load or restriction is
placed against its flow--like blocking the end of a water hose. The pump will build up only
enough pressure to maintain its flow against the flow resistance. Therefore, pressure read
on a pressure gauge at the pump will be exactly proportional to the resistance which the
pump is working against.

Positive Displacement Pumps

A positive displacement pump is any kind of pump in which the internal working elements
make such a close fit together that there is very little leakage or slippage between them.
These include:

- piston pumps
- vane pumps
- gear pumps.

There are many variations of each but we will limit our discussion to the types of pumps
commonly used by Hydra Rig. Please note, centrifugal pumps are NOT positive displace-
ment pumps.

Various pump features available on today's market are shown below.

- fixed displacement
- fixed displacement, bi-directional
- variable displacement
- variable displacement, bi-directional
- variable displacement, pressure compensated
- variable displacement, pressure compensated, load sensed (used on the Hydra Rig
high pressure open loop injector drive circuit such as a Denison P-16 pump)
- variable displacement, bi-directional, pressure compensated (used on the Hydra Rig
closed loop injector drive circuit such as a Denison P-14 pump.

A circle is the basic symbol for all pumps, both air and hydraulic. The triangle points toward
the pump outlet because fluid is flowing out of the pump (on a motor it points toward the cir-
cle center). A solid triangle indicates a hydraulic pump while an open center triangle indi-
cates an air compressor. Two solid triangles pointing in opposite directions indicate a bi-
directional pump (flow in the reverse direction is possible). A long slanted arrow drawn
through the circle indicates a variable displacement pump. A small arrow pointing toward
the pump outlet indicates a pressure compensated pump.

pump pump pump

fixed displacement variable displacement variable displacement
pressure compensated pressure compensated
bi-directional
The reel, levelwind, priority, The reel, levelwind, priority,
auxiliary, & BOP circuits all auxiliary, & BOP circuits can
utilize a fixed displacement utilize a variable displacement,
vane pump. pressure compensated piston
pump.
Standard Open Loop High Pressure Open Loop Closed Loop
Injector Drive Circuit Injector Drive Circuit Injector Drive Circuit
(double pump vane) (piston pump) (piston pump)

Various Types of Pumps Used by Hydra Rig

44
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Hydraulics

Piston Pumps

The purpose of a positive displacement pump is to produce a flow of liquid. If this flow is
deadheaded (plugged), the pump will continue to produce a flow and pressure will continue
to rise. The pressure in the flow line will increase until something breaks (line, valve, or the
pump casting), or until the engine's horsepower limitation is reached. Consequently, a pump
must be "unloaded" rather than deadheaded when its flow is not needed. This may be
accomplished with a relief valve.
Piston pumps can be manufactured with closer internal fits than vane or gear pumps. This
means internal slippage can be less and the pump can operate with reasonable efficiency at
pressures both too high or too low for vane and gear pumps. All piston pumps have case
drain connections. Oil that by-passes the pistons accumulates in the case and lubricates
the moving parts. Never plug all the drain connections. This would cause a pressure build-
up in the case and the shaft seal to blow out.

Variable Displacement Piston Pumps

The variable displacement feature allows you to remotely control the flow output of a specific
pump. This is desirable when you want to run more than one pump off a single engine. It's
also beneficial because less heat is generated in the hydraulic system--you only generate as
much flow as required.

In a CTU (coiled tubing unit) closed loop injector drive circuit, the injector speed is controlled
by the pump's swashplate angle which is controlled by the valve labeled "Injector Control In
/ Out" on the control panel (a valve built by Munson Tison or Gresen).
In a CTU high pressure open loop injector drive circuit, the pump has a variable displace-
ment feature (swashplate). The swashplate angle is controlled by a load sensed 4-way
valve which is controlled by the Munson Tison.

In the illustration that follows, a variable displacement piston pump is shown with only one
piston inside a cylinder barrel. As a side note, this piston pump is also known as an axial or
in-line piston pump because the pistons are rotating about the same axis as the pump shaft.

Let's see how this pump works. An engine turns a shaft which turns the cylinder barrel. As
the cylinder barrel rotates, the piston is also forced to rotate. However, the piston is also
forced to ride along the surface of the swashplate (due to the placement of a shoeplate and
bias spring).

The swashplate does not rotate and can be positioned at various angles. As the cylinder
barrel rotates, the piston moves out of the cylinder barrel and generate an increasing vol-
ume. As the cylinder barrel completes its full rotation, the piston moves into the cylinder bar-
rel and generates a decreasing volume.

Variable Displacement Piston Pump

45
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Hydraulics

In actual practice, the cylinder barrel is fitted with many pistons. To separate the incoming
fluid from the discharging fluid, a port plate is positioned at the end of the cylinder barrel
opposite the swashplate.

The displacement is determined by the swashplate angle. By varying the angle, the pump's
output flow can be changed. The pump will develop no flow when the swashplate is cen-
tered.

Bi-directional Variable Displacement Piston Pumps

On a CTU, only the high pressure open loop injector drive circuit contains the bi-directional
feature. It also happens to have the variable displacement feature.

Some swashplates have the capability of crossing over center. This results in reverse flow
(as the cylinder barrel remains rotating in the same direction). These types of pumps are
referred to as bi-directional variable displacement piston pumps. You can see from the illus-
tration that follows that the angle of the swashplate determines which ports are the inlet and
outlet.

Pump at Full Displacement

Pump in Center Position (No Flow)

Full Displacement (Reverse Flow)

Bi-directional Variable Displacement Piston Pump

Pressure Compensated, Variable Displacement Piston Pumps

On a CTU, the closed loop injector drive circuit AND the high pressure open loop injector
drive circuit contain the pressure compensated feature.

As the symbol shows, a small arrow inside the circle that points in the same direction as the
pump outlet represents a pressure compensating pump. The slashed arrow through the cir-
cle represents a variable displacement pump. As a side note, both piston and vane pumps
can have pressure compensating and variable displacement features.

The pressure compensator control automatically positions the swashplate to maintain a con-
stant output pressure. Thus, the pump compensator control reduces pump output to only
the volume required to maintain a preset pressure (remotely set by using the R1E valve in

46
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
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the control cabin labeled "Injector Pressure Adjust"). If maximum pressure is obtained
(pump becomes overloaded), the compensator will reduce the pump displacement enough
(to zero displacement if necessary) to keep pressure from rising above the preset limit.

A pressure compensator protects:

- the pump and the entire system from being damaged by excessive pressure,
- the driving engine or motor from being overloaded and stalled, and
- overheating of the system.

Maximum flow is allowed only when pressure in the flow line is less than the compensator
setting.

Hydraulic Hand Pumps

Hand pumps are always of the piston type. Hand pumps generally serve as standby pumps
on hydraulic systems for emergency power if the main power input should fail. They are
capable of developing pressure just as high as power driven pumps although at a much
slower rate.

Vane Pumps

The vane pump is also a positive displacement pump. The illustration below shows a fixed
displacement vane pump. How does it operate? An engine will turn a shaft which is keyed
to rotor. Within the rotor are slots. These slots house vanes which are individually attached
by a spring. As the rotor rotates, the vanes are carried around by the rotor and kept in con-
tinuous contact with the cam surface by centrifugal force or other means.

Common service problems, other than shaft seal replacement may include occasional vane
or vane spring replacement, or replacement of the cam ring due to washboarding caused by
erosion at points of high pressure and high velocity.

Vane

Cam Ring

Rotor

Flow Return
Input Flow

Shaft

Vane Pump - Cross Sectional View

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Coiled Tubing Equipment
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Gear Pumps

Two steel gears rotate inside a housing. The "drive" gear (keyed to the shaft) meshes with
and turns the "driven" gear. Gear teeth make a tight sliding fit in the housing. As the gears
rotate, a flow path is created around the outside of each gear. A suction is created at the
inlet port as oil is carried away by the gear teeth. The oil is forced from the outlet port by the
oil coming in behind it. Meshing of the teeth in the center of the pump seals the outlet port
from inlet port. In most cases of a pump failure, the bearing fails first.

Gear Pump - Cross Sectional View

Pump Cavitation

A pump is said to be "cavitated" when inlet oil (for whatever reason) is not entirely filling the
cavities on the intake part of the pumping cycle. A dirty strainer or low oil level in the reser-
voir can cause cavitation. If the flow of oil is not sufficient to carry away the heat produced
by mechanical friction, damage to the pump bearings can occur. Lack of cushioning
between pumping elements may also cause impact damage. More pump and system fail-
ures occur due to cavitation than from any other single cause.

Pump Life Expectancy

Pump life varies between manufacturers and the type of application. Pump life will also
depend on factors such as system filtration, oil cleanliness, amount of side or end loading
permitted on the shaft, oil temperature, degree of cavitation at the pump inlet, and misalign-
ment of the pump and motor shafts. Which do you have control over? The bearing life
depends on two factors: shaft speed and operating pressure.

Storing a Pump

If a pump is to be out of service for longer than 6 months, its case should be filled with oil
and the ports plugged before it is stored. A small air pocket should be left to allow for expan-
sion of the oil if the pump will be subjected to heat.

Pump Speed

A pump becomes less efficient at lower speeds due to internal slippage. The amount of oil
lost is proportional to pressure, not to speed. At a low speed, overheating may occur
because pump flow may not be sufficient to carry away heat generated by the friction losses
and internal slippage. Consequently, rubber shaft seals can be damaged by excess heat.

Velocity vs. Flow Rate

Velocity refers to the speed of a fluid (how fast it travels) and may be expressed in feet per
minute or feet per second. It describes the distance traveled in a certain time frame.

Flow rate may be expressed in gallons per minute. Flow rate describes the volume of fluid
traveled in a certain time frame. A one gallon bucket may be filled in one minute (1 gpm)

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 Coiled Tubing Equipment
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with either a fluid traveling at 5 fps through a large hose or with a fluid traveling at 10 fps
through a smaller hose. In both cases, the flow rate is still 1 gpm.

You may want to use one of the control valves discussed in the next section if you wish to
regulate the flow, flow direction and pressure into the bucket.

Control Valves
As fluid exits the pump, valves are used to control the fluid flow to the actuator. Control
valves can be classified into four groups.

- Directional control valves

- Pressure control valves
- Motion control valves
- Flow control valves

Directional Pressure Motion Flow

Prime
Pump Control Control Control Control Actuator
Mover
Valves Valves Valves Valves

engine piston 2-way relief counter- needle hydraulic

balance motor
electric vane 3-way unloading flow control cylinder
motor
gear 4-way pressure flow divider
reducing
dump
sequence

Directional Control Valves

As the name implies, directional valves start, stop, and control the direction of fluid flow.

You will commonly hear of valves referred to as 2-way, 3-way, and 4-way valves. This termi-
nology refers to the number of active porting connections.

- Thus, a "2-way" valve has two main portholes.

- A "3-way" valve has three main portholes.

- A "4-way" valve has four main portholes.

The terminology "3-way" and "4-way" are a little misleading because it does not truly
describe the valve action.

On 3-way and 4-way valves, the inlet ports will be marked P (or P1 and P2 if there are two
inlets); outlet ports will be marked with the first letters of the alphabet (A, B, C, etc.); exhaust
ports will be marked T for tank.

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Coiled Tubing Equipment
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2-Way Valves

2-way directional valves are simply used for "starting and stopping" fluid flow. Examples
include shut-off valves (ball valves, gate valves, and needle valves) and check valves. Port
markings show P for inlet and A for outlet.

2-way Valve

Several shut-off valves can be used in combination to control the direction of an actuator.
Occasionally, a shut-off valve is used in such a way that it becomes a flow control valve
(e.g., used to meter flow and shut it off).

3-Way Valves

Valves for controlling direction of movement of a cylinder or hydraulic motor have 3-way or
4-way action.

3-way Valve

The shuttle valve can be classed as a 3-way valve with no normal position. It has two inlets
(P1 and P2), and one outlet (A). It can accept flow from either of the two inlets. The inlet
with the higher pressure passes through to a single outlet while keeping the two inlet fluids
isolated from one another.

Outlet

Inlet Inlet

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 Coiled Tubing Equipment
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Shuttle Valve

4-Way Valves

A 4-way valve is connected four ways into a circuit. It has four main ports: one pressure inlet
(P), two outlets (A and B), and one tank port (T). Port markings for auxiliary functions may
vary between manufacturers but many valves use the letter X for connecting to an external
pilot pressure source, and Y to indicate an external drain port.

4-way Valve

4-way valves have two (or more) grooves on the spool for handling two separate flows of the
same fluid at the same time. They are capable of controlling direction on double-acting cyl-
inders or reversible fluid motors.

Sectional Valves

A sectional valve (or bank valve) is a composite of two or more valve sections bolted
together. They are intended for the operation of several branch circuits from one hydraulic
pump and will include a built-in pressure relief valve. On a CTU, a sectional valve is used in
the levelwind hydraulic circuit.

Normally Open / Normally Closed

A valve spool is moved to various positions by either manual, mechanical, electrical, pneu-
matic, or hydraulic force. Various types of manual actuators include levers, push buttons,
and pedals as depicted below.

detent mechanical actuator push button actuator lever solenoid spring

The terms "normally closed" and "normally open" are frequently used. These
terms describe the condition of the inlet port (whether open to flow or closed to flow) when
the valve is in its non-actuated or de-energized state. Valves which do not have internal
springs do not have a "normal" position. When shifted, they remain in this state until shifted
to another position.

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Coiled Tubing Equipment
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Detents

A detent is a locking device to keep a spool in the desired shifted position. In the illustration
below, the ball is forced out of one notch and into another notch when the spool is shifted.

2-Position Detent

Direct-Acting Solenoid Valves

These valves use a solenoid for shifting the valve spool. The solenoid armature is directly
linked to the spool and provides the necessary push or pull "muscle" for shifting. In a single
solenoid valve, the spool is driven in one direction by the solenoid force and in the other
direction by a spring after the solenoid is de-energized. The single solenoid valve operates
on a "maintained" electrical signal to stay in its shifted position. Breaking the signal allows it
to return to its "normal" position.

Pilot-Operated Solenoid Valves

For the main spool to shift, the solenoid must be energized, and in addition, sufficient pilot
pressure must be present to furnish shifting power.

Dump Valves

A dump valve (e.g., ball valve, needle valve, etc.) is a valve used to dump oil back to the
hydraulic tank.

Sequence Valves

A sequence valve is a valve used in a sequential action (causing a sequence of events). Its
purpose is to maintain a pre-determined minimum pressure in the primary line while the sec-
ondary (or sequential) operation takes place. Sequence valves are primarily used on nitro-
gen units.

Pressure Control Valves

Pressure control valves limit system pressures to a maximum or regulate reduced pressures
in certain portions of a circuit. Various pressure control valves are stated below.
• relief valves
• unloading valve
• pressure reducing valves

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 Coiled Tubing Equipment
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It is not uncommon to hear a relief valves or unloading valve referred to as "by-pass" valve.
These two valves are 2-way, normally closed valves. Let's look at each valve separately to
gain a better understanding.

Relief Valves
A relief valve limits the maximum level to which the system pressure is permitted to rise. It
acts as a "safety valve." Virtually every kind of positive displacement pump should be pro-
tected with a relief valve. It is a 2-way, normally closed valve. It remains closed until the
pressure from the pilot line rises to the relief setting providing a path for the oil to return to
the tank (while maintaining the pressure in the flow line at or below the relief valve setting
pressure).

The pressure setting in a pressure control valve is usually varied with a screw adjustment
which compresses or decompresses a spring.

Direct-acting relief valves can actually serve many purposes. They may also be used to
pilot a larger relief valve, to supplement a pressure compensated pump, or act as a cushion-
ing device.

Resisting
object

Simple Hydraulic Circuit With a Direct Acting Pressure Relief Valve

A direct-acting relief valve uses a spring to hold the poppet on its seat. When the pressure
in the flow line exceeds the spring pressure, the poppet is lifted off its seat so that flow can
be diverted to the tank.

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Coiled Tubing Equipment
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A pilot-operated relief valve uses pressure from the flow line to hold the poppet on its seat.

975 PSI

25 PSI SPRING

990 PSI

PILOT DART UNSEATED

1000 PSI

VALVE RELIEVING

Pilot-Operated Relief Valve

Most valves have an RC (remote control) or vent port of small size located on the cross-
head. At the option of the user, the RC port can be used for remote control of the action of
the main poppet. If not used, it should be plugged.

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 Coiled Tubing Equipment
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Unloading Valves
Generally speaking, an unloading valve is a directional valve. It operates in one of two defi-
nite positions, open or closed. However, its purpose is to unload the pump--to divert pump
flow directly to the tank in response to an external pressure signal. Therefore, it might better
be thought of as a pressure control valve.

Worded differently, an unloading valve is a normally closed valve which directs flow to the
tank when a set pressure is maintained on its pilot port.

Unloading Valve

On a CTU, an unloading valve can be found on the BOP circuit to both limit the maximum
pressure and unload the pump when the desired accumulator pressure is reached. Conse-
quently, the accumulator pressure may be maintained between 2700 psi and 3000 psi at all
times. An unloading valve can also be found in the priority circuit on the control panel.

Unloading Valve in BOP Circuit

Pressure Reducing Valves

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Coiled Tubing Equipment
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A pressure reducing valve is the equivalent of a pressure regulator in a compressed air sys-
tem. It is a normally open valve which maintains a reduced pressure in part of the circuit
while the remainder of the system operates at full pressure. Stated in another way, The
pressure reducing valve limits the maximum pressure at its outlet regardless of the inlet
pressure.

Primary
Port Secondary
Port

High
Pressure Reduced
Pressure

Pressure Reducing Valve

A pressure reducing valve senses fluid pressure after it has passed through the valve. As
pressure downstream equals the setting of the valve, the spool is partially closed causing a
restricted flow path. Example: The inlet will maintain 3,000 psi while the outlet will maintain
435 psi.

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 Coiled Tubing Equipment
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Troubleshooting Procedures
Hydraulic System Check

This section describes a step-by-step check for hydraulic systems which have previously
been working satisfactorily but developed trouble--usually within the previous 24-hour work-
ing period.

A
B

Figure 2.21 Simple Hydraulic Circuit

This circuit is typical of many industrial fluid power systems. Any major component (pump,
relief valve, cylinder, 4-way valve, or filter) could be at fault. In a highly sophisticated sys-
tem, there are other minor components which could be at fault but these possibilities are too
numerous to be covered in this brief discussion. By following this organized step-by-step
procedure, the problem can usually be traced to a general area, then if necessary, each
component in that area can be tested or can be temporarily replaced with a similar compo-
nent known to be good. It makes good sense to first check the areas which give the most
trouble on most systems--so this is how we'll start.

To checkout the system, at least one pressure gauge is necessary and should be installed in
the pump pressure line as shown.

Step 1 - Pump Inlet Strainer

The trouble most often encountered in the field is cavitation of the hydraulic pump--caused
by a build-up on the inlet strainer. It can even happen on a new system after a few hours of
operation. The symptoms include an increased pump noise, loss of high pressure, and / or
cylinder speed.

If there is not a strainer located in the pump inlet line, it will usually be found immersed below
the oil level in the reservoir. Some operators are not aware of a strainer in the reservoir (if
they are, they do not clean it regularly). A dirty strainer restricts flow into the pump and may
cause the pump to fail prematurely.
The inlet strainer should be removed and cleaned whether or not it appears dirty. Some
clogging materials are hard to see. If there are holes in the mesh or other obvious physical
damage, a new strainer should be installed. Wire mesh strainers can be cleaned effectively
with an air hose, blowing from the inside out. They should be washed in a solvent, using a
bristle brush. If possible, use a mineral spirits solvent. One brand is sold under the trade
name of Stoddard Solvent. If no safe solvent is available, and if necessary to use a hydro-
carbon solvent such as kerosene, work outdoors and far away from open flame or other heat
source. Never use highly flammable solvents such as gasoline, lacquer thinner, naphtha,
etc. After cleaning with solvent use an air hose to blow out all the remaining solvent.

When re-installing the strainer, inspect all joints in the inlet plumbing for air leaks, particularly
at union joints. There must be no air leaks in the inlet line. Check the tank oil level to be

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Coiled Tubing Equipment
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sure it covers the top of the strainer by at least 3-inches (which is with all cylinders
extended). Notice the condition of the inlet hose (if one is used). A partially collapsed hose
or one with internal swelling has the same effect as a clogged inlet strainer.

Step 2 - Pump and Relief Valve

If cleaning the pump strainer does not correct the trouble, isolate the pump and relief valve
from the rest of the system by disconnecting the plumbing at Point B and capping both ends
of the disconnected lines. This deadheads the pump into the relief valve. First, back off the
relief valve then start the pump and watch the gauge for a pressure build-up as the relief
valve adjustment is tightened. If full pressure can be developed, obviously the pump and
relief valve are operating correctly and the trouble is further down the line. If full pressure
cannot be developed, or if the pressure is erratic, continue with Step 3.

Step 3 - Pump or Relief Valve?

Further testing must be done to determine whether the pump is worn out or if the relief valve
is malfunctioning.
Discharge from the relief valve tank port must be observed. If possible, disconnect the tank
return line for the relief valve at Point C. Attach a short length of hose to the relief valve out-
let. Hold the open end of the hose over the tank filler opening where the rate of flow can be
observed. Start the pump and run the relief valve adjustment up and down while observing
the relief valve discharge flow. If the pump is bad, a full stream of oil may possibly be
observed when the relief valve is backed off but this stream will greatly diminish or stop as
the relief valve setting is increased. If a flowmeter is available, the flow rate can be mea-
sured and compared with the catalog flow rating of the pump.

If a flowmeter is not available the flow can be estimated by discharging the stream into a
clean container over a measured time interval. However, even without any measurement of
the flow volume, a bad pump is indicated if discharge flow varies widely as the relief valve
adjustment is run up and down. The discharge flow should be fairly constant at all pressure
levels, dropping off slightly at higher pressures.

If the relief valve discharge line cannot be disconnected, a person can place his hand near
the discharge opening inside the tank and can detect a large change in the flow volume as
the pressure is varied.

If the flow decreases as the relief valve setting is raised, and only a moderate but not full
pressure can be developed, this may also indicate pump trouble. Proceed to Step 4.

During this test if gauge pressure does not rise above a low value, 100 to 200 PSI, and if the
discharge flow remains constant as the relief valve adjustment is tightened, the relief valve
may be at fault and should be cleaned or replaced as instructed in Step 5.

Step 4 - Pump

If a full stream of oil is not obtained in Step 3, or if the stream diminishes markedly as the
relief setting is raised, the pump is probably worn out. Assuming that the inlet strainer has
been cleaned and the inlet plumbing has been inspected for air leaks and collapsed hoses,
the pumped oil is slipping inside the pump from the outlet back to the inlet. The pump may
be worn out or the oil may be too thin. High temperature in the oil will cause it to become
thin and slip excessively. High slippage within the pump will cause it to run much hotter than
the oil in the tank. In normal operation (with a good pump), the pump case may run 20º to
30º F higher than the temperature in the oil tank. If greater than this, excessive pump slip-
page may be the cause.

Also, check for a sheared shaft key, broken shaft, broken coupling, loosened set screw, slip-
ping belts, and other possible mechanical causes.

Step 5 - Relief Valve

If Step 3 has indicated the relief valve may be at fault, the quickest proof is to temporarily
replace it with one known to be good. The faulty valve may later be disassembled and

58
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
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cleaned. Pilot-operated relief valves have small internal orifices which may become blocked
with dirt. Use an air hose to blow out all passages and pass a small wire through the ori-
fices. Also, check for free movement of the spool or poppet. Pipe thread connections in the
body cause the spool to bind. If possible, check for spool binding before unscrewing
threaded connections. While testing on the bench, screw pipe fittings tightly into the port
threads.

Step 6 - Cylinder

If the pump will develop full pressure while deadheaded into the relief valve in Step 2, both
components are good. Test cylinder piston seals if applicable.

Step 7 - Directional (4-Way) Valve

If the cylinder has been tested for piston leakage and found to have reasonably tight piston
seals, the 4-way control valve may be checked for excessive spool leakage. It is rare that a
valve becomes so worn that the pump cannot build up full pressure, but it can happen.
Symptoms of excessive leakage in the valve spool include a loss of cylinder speed while
having difficulty in building up full pressure (even with the relief valve adjusted to a high set-
ting). This condition is more likely to happen when using a pump with small displacement
operating at very high pressure, and might have developed gradually over a long time.
Valve spool leakage can be checked.

Other Components

If the above procedure does not reveal the trouble, check other components individually.
Usually the quickest and best troubleshooting procedure is to replace suspected compo-
nents one at a time with similar ones known to be good. Pilot-operated solenoid valves
which will not shift out of center position may have insufficient pilot pressure available.

Troubleshooting Hydraulic Pumps

The pump is the component subjected to the most wear and the one most likely to give trou-
ble. On systems where the pump has to be replaced more often than seems necessary, one
or more of the following problems may be the cause.

Pump Cavitation

Cavitation is the inability of a pump to draw a full charge of oil either because of air leaks or
restrictions in the inlet line. When a pump starts to cavitate, its noise level increases and it
may become very hot around the shaft and front bearing. Other symptoms of cavitation are
erratic movement of cylinders, difficulty in building up full pressure, and a milky appearance
of the oil. If cavitation is suspected, check these following points of interest.

1. Check conditions of the pump inlet strainer. Clean it even if it does not look dirty.
Varnish deposited in the wire mesh may be restricting the oil flow but may be almost
invisible. If brown varnish deposits are found on the internal surfaces of the pumps
or valves, this is a sure indication that the system has been operating at too high a
temperature. A heat exchanger should be added.
2. Check pump inlet strainer size. Be sure the original strainer has not been replaced
with a smaller size. Increasing its size (number of square inches of filtering surface may
help on some systems where the original size selection was marginal.
3. The use of a higher quality oil may reduce formation of varnish and sludge.
4. Check for restricted or clogged pump inlet plumbing. If hoses are used, be sure they
are not collapsed. Only hoses designed for vacuum service should be used at the pump
inlet which have an internal wire braid to prevent collapse.
5. Be sure the air breather on the reservoir is not clogged with dirt or lint. On systems
where the air space above the oil is relatively small, the pump could cavitate during
its extension stroke if the breather became clogged.

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Coiled Tubing Equipment
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6. Oil viscosity may be too high for the particular pump. Some pumps cannot pick up
heavy oil on prime or will run in a cavitated condition. Cold weather start-up is par-
ticularly damaging to a pump. Running a pump across a relief valve for several
hours to warm up the oil can severely damage the pump if it is running in a cavitated
condition during this time.
7. Determine recommended pump speed. Be sure the original motor has not been
replaced with one which runs at a higher speed.
8. Be sure the pump has not been replaced with one which delivers a higher flow. This
might overload the inlet strainer.
Air Leaking Into the System

The air which is in a newly assembled system will purge itself after a short time. The system
should be run for perhaps 15 to 30 minutes under very low pressure. Air will dissolve in the
oil (a little at a time) and be carried to the reservoir from where it can escape. Of course, this
process can be accelerated by bleeding air from high points in the system.

Air which comes into the system from continuous air leaks will cause the oil to assume a
milky appearance a short time after the system is started, but the oil will usually become
clear in about an hour after shut-down. To find where air is entering the system, check the
following points of interest.

1. Be sure the oil reservoir is filled to its normal level and that the pump intake is well
below the minimum oil level.
2. Air may be entering around the pump shaft seal.
3. Check for air leaks in the pump inlet plumbing (specially at union joints). An easy
way to check for leaks is to squirt oil over a suspected leak. If the pump noise
diminished, you have found your leak. Check also around the inlet port. Screwing a
tapered pipe fitting into a straight thread port will damage the thread, causing a per-
manent air leak which is next to impossible to repair.
4. Air may be entering through the rod seal of a cylinder.
5. Be sure the main tank return line discharges well below the minimum oil level and not
on top of the oil. On new designs, it may be helpful to enlarge the diameter of the
main return line a few feet before it enters the tank. This causes oil velocity to decrease
which minimizes turbulence in the tank.
Water Leaking Into the System

Water leaking into the system will cause the oil to have a milky appearance while the system
is running but the oil will usually clear up in a short time after the pump is shut down as water
settles to the bottom of the reservoir. Water usually enters a system in the following two
ways.

1. Condensation on the interior surfaces of the reservoir which are above the oil level.
This is almost unavoidable on systems operating in environments where ambient
temperature changes from day to night. During periods when the reservoir walls are
cooler than the surrounding air, condensation may take place if ambient humidity is
fairly high. Since water settles to the bottom of the reservoir, the practical solution is
to daily or weekly tap off this water through the drain valve. This should be done
after the pump has been shut down long enough for the water to settle.
2. A leak in a water cooled (shell and tube) heat exchanger may leak water into the oil if
water pressure is higher than pressure of the oil being cooled.
Oil Leakage Around the Pump
1. Leakage Around the Shaft
There is usually a slight internal pressure behind the shaft seal on piston pumps and
other pumps which take inlet oil from an overhead reservoir. As the seal becomes well
worn, external leakage may appear. This will usually be more pronounced while the
pump is running and may disappear while the pump is stopped.

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 Coiled Tubing Equipment
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Other pumps such as gear and vane types usually run with a slight vacuum behind the
seal. A worn-out seal may allow air to leak into the oil while the pump is running and
oil to leak out after the pump has been stopped.
Prematurely worn shaft seals may be caused by excessive oil temperature. At oil
temperatures of 200º F and higher, a rubber shaft seal will have a very short life.
Abrasives in the oil may wear out shaft seals quickly, and may also produce circum-
ferential scoring on the shaft. Check all crevices and cracks in the reservoir where
dust could enter. The most common entry point is through the reservoir air breather.
2. Leakage Around a Pump Port
Sometimes leakage at these ports may be caused by damaged threads (e.g.,
screwing a taper pipe thread fitting into a straight thread port). Once the threads
have been damaged it is very difficult ever to obtain a leaktight seal.
Check the tightness of the fittings in the ports. If a sealant is used, we recommend
Teflon Sealant which comes in the form of a paste. We do not recommend Teflon tape.
Beware of screwing taper pipe threads too tightly into a pump or valve body casting.
In the past this has been the cause for many cracked pump housings.
3. If leakage is from a small crack in the body casting, this has most likely been caused
by over-tightening a taper pipe fitting, or from operating the pump in a system where
either the relief valve has (at some time) been adjusted too high, or where high
pressure spikes have been generated as a result of shocks. While it is possible for
the casting to have been manufactured defective, this has rarely turned out to be the
cause.
Pump Noise Has Recently Increased
1. Cavitation of pump inlet. Refer to corrective measures previously described.
2. Air leaking into the system from low oil or other causes previously described.
3. Mechanical noise caused by loose or worn coupling, loose set screw, badly worn
internal parts, etc.
4. System may be running with oil temperature too high.
5. Pump may be running at higher than rated speed.

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Glossary

-A-
Accumulator
A container in which fluid is stored under pressure as a source of fluid power.

Actuator
A device for converting hydraulic energy into mechanical energy. A motor or
cylinder.

Aeration
Air in the hydraulic fluid. Excessive aeration causes the fluid to appear milky
and components to operate erratically because of the compressibility of the
air trapped in the fluid.

-B-
Bleed-Off
To divert a specific controllable portion of pump flow directly to the tank.

By-Pass
A secondary passage for fluid flow.

-C-
Charge Pressure
The pressure at which replenishing fluid is forced into the hydraulic system
(above atmospheric pressure).

Check Valve
A valve which permits flow of fluid in one direction only.

Circuit
An arrangement of components interconnected to perform a specific func-
tion within a system.

Counterbalance Valve
A pressure control valve which maintains back pressure to prevent a load
from falling.

Cracking Pressure
The pressure at which a pressure actuated valve begins to pass fluid.

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-D-
Directional Control Valve
A valve which selectively directs or prevents fluid flow to desired channels.

-E-
Energy
The ability or capacity to do work. Measured in units of work.

-F-
Flow Control Valve
A valve which controls the rate of oil flow.

Flow Rate
The volume, mass, or weight of a fluid passing through any conductor per
unit of time.

Fluid
A liquid or gas or

A liquid that is specifically compounded for use as a power-transmitting

medium in a hydraulic system.

Force
Any push or pull measured in units of weight. In hydraulics, total force is
expressed by the Pressure and the Area of the surface on which the pres-
sure acts:

Force = Pressure x Area

Four-way Valve
A directional valve having four flow paths.

-H-
Heat
The form of energy that has the capacity to create warmth or to increase the
temperature of a substance. Any energy that is wasted or used to overcome
friction is converted to heat. Heat is measured in calories or BTUs. One
BTU is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of
water one degree Fahrenheit.

Horsepower (HP)
The power required to lift 550 pounds, one foot in one second. A horse-
power is equal to 746 watts or 42.4 BTUs per minute.

63
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Hydraulics

Hydraulic Balance
A condition of equal opposed hydraulic forces acting on a part in a hydraulic
component.

Hydraulics
Engineering science pertaining to liquid pressure and flow.

-I-
Intensifier
A device which converts low pressure fluid power into higher pressure fluid
power.

-K-
Kinetic Energy
Energy that a substance or body has by virtue of its mass (weight) and veloc-
ity.

-M-
Manual Override
A means of manually actuating an automatically controlled device.

Motor
A device which converts hydraulic fluid power into mechanical force and
motion. It usually provides rotary mechanical motion.

-P-
Pascal’s Law
A pressure applied to a confined fluid at rest is transmitted with equal inten-
sity throughout the fluid.

Pilot Pressure
Auxiliary pressure used to actuate or control hydraulic components.

Pilot Valve
An auxiliary valve used to control the operation of another valve. The con-
trolling stage of a 2-stage valve.

Poppet
That part of certain valves which prevents flow when it closes against a seat.

64
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Hydraulics

Positive Displacement
A characteristic of a pump or motor which has the inlet positively sealed from
the outlet so that fluid cannot re-circulate in the component.

Power
Work per unit of time measured in horsepower (hp) or watts.

Power Pack (Power Unit)

An integral power supply unit usually containing a pump, reservoir, relief
valve, and directional control valves.

Pressure
Force per unit area; usually expressed in pounds per square inch (psi).

Pressure Compensated Flow Control Valve

A flow control valve which controls the rate of flow independent of system
pressure.

Pressure Drop
The difference in pressure between any two points of a system or a compo-
nent.

Pressure Line
The line carrying the fluid from the pump outlet to the pressurized port of the
actuator.

Pressure Override
The difference between the cracking pressure of a valve and the pressure
reached when the valve is passing full flow.

Pressure Reducing Valve

A valve which limits the maximum pressure at its outlet regardless of the inlet
pressure.

Pump
A device which converts mechanical force and motion into hydraulic fluid
power.

-R-
Relief Valve
A pressure operated valve which by-passes pump flow to the reservoir while
limiting system pressure to a predetermined maximum value.

Replinish
To add fluid to maintain a full hydraulic system.

65
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Hydraulics

Reservoir
A container for storage of liquid in a fluid power system. Also referred to as a
tank.

Return Line
A line used to carry exhaust fluid from the actuator back to pump.

- S-
Sequence
The order of a series of operations or movements.

To divert flow to accomplish a subsequent operation or movement.

Sequence Valve
A pressure operated valve which, at its setting, diverts flow to a secondary
line while holding a predetermined minimum pressure in the primary line. A
valve whose primary function is to direct flow in a pre-determined sequence.

Shutoff Valve
A valve which operates fully open or fully closed.

Slip
Internal leakage of hydraulic fluid.

Spool
A term loosely applied to almost any moving cylindrical shaped part of a
hydraulic component which moves to direct flow through the component.

Suction Line
The hydraulic line connecting the reservoir to the pump inlet port.

Surge
A transient rise of pressure or flow.

System Pressure
The pressure which overcomes the total resistance in a system. It includes
all losses as well as useful work.

-T-
Tank
The reservoir or sump.

66
 Coiled Tubing Equipment
Hydraulics

Torque
A rotary thrust. The turning effort of a fluid motor usually expressed in inch-
pounds.

Two-Way Valve
A directional control valve with two flow paths.

-U-
Unload
To release flow (usually directly to the reservoir); to prevent pressure being
imposed on the system or portion of the system.

Unloading Valve
A valve which by-passes flow to tank when a set pressure is maintained on
its pilot port.

-V-
Valve
A device which controls fluid flow direction, pressure, or flow rate.

Velocity
The speed of flow through a hydraulic line expressed in feet per second
(fps).
The speed of a rotating component measured in revolutions per minute
(rpm).

Vent
To permit opening of a pressure control valve by opening its pilot port (vent
connection) to atmospheric pressure.

An air breathing device on a fluid reservoir.

Viscosity
A measure of the internal friction or the resistance of a fluid to flow.

-W-
Work
Exerting force through a definite distance. Work is measured in units of force
multiplied by distance (e.g., pound-foot).

67
Coiled Tubing Equipment
Hydraulics

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68
NITROGEN PUMPING EQUIPMENT

Nitrogen Pumps & Vaporizer Systems - Literature

COILED TUBING HANDBOOK

Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Vaporization Process. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Water Pump (also referred to as the Coolant Pump) ................... 4
Vaporizer ...................................................................................... 4
Heat Exchangers.......................................................................... 4
Engine Heat Exchanger ............................................................... 7
Exhaust Heat Recovery................................................................ 7
Power Control Valve and Back Pressure Valve ........................... 7
Water Brake ................................................................................. 7
Controls & Indicators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Nitrogen Tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Acceptable Vacuum Levels .......................................................... 10
Pressure Ratings.......................................................................... 10
Filling The Tank............................................................................ 11
Saturated LN2 .............................................................................. 12
Troubleshooting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
 SKID MOUNTED NITROGEN PUMP
AND VAPORIZER SYSTEMS
Patented Heat Recovery Design

Our patented heat recovery nitrogen pump and

vaporizer system is an example of the
engineering excellence that has placed us at
the forefront of nitrogen pumping technology.
NPS180HR10: 180,000 SCFH / 10,000 PSI.
Unused engine horsepower and waste system Sound enclosed engine for reduced db level.
heat are converted to usable heat through the
use of a dynamometer (water brake).
Utilization of the dynamometer eliminates the
fired vaporizer and hydraulic engine loading
systems of conventional units, reducing fuel
costs, maintenance and down time. The result
is a safe, dependable unit capable of operating
under the most demanding oilfield conditions. NPS60HR10: 60,000 SCFH / 10,000
PSI. Compact, light weight, ideal for
coiled tubing applications.
Complete Unit Line
Units are available ranging from flow rates of Advantages
60,000 SCFH to 540,000 SCFH in the patented
heat recovery design. Truck and trailer • Patented Dynamometer Heat Recovery
mounted for land operation, or skid mounted Vaporizer System
for combination land and offshore use. All units • Rated for continuous oilfield service,
are available with full certification where independent of ambient temperature
necessary, including DNV and BP200 conditions
certification, for the demanding conditions • Greater Flow rate turn down capability
required of equipment operating in the North • Fewer Controls - completely mechanical
Sea. control system provides maximum
reliability and minimum maintenance, for
simple start-up and one man operation
• Special dual seal on liquid nitrogen
centrifugal boost pump eliminates costly
boost pump down time
• Greater fuel efficiency than competitive
systems
NPS540HR10: 540,000 SCFH / 10,000 PSI • Pump Saver - a monitoring instrument to
operating pressure. Patented dynamometer design. prevent loss of LN2 triplex pump prime
Proprietary safety shutdown systems for industrial
and expensive cold end damage
compliance. Ideal for both oilfield and industrial
applications.
The New Standard
Leadership in an industry must be earned. By
maintaining an ongoing research and
development effort, our Team has combined
existing design with innovative new
technology to produce the new standards of
the industry in Nitrogen Pumping and
NPS180HR10: 180,000 SCFH / 10,000 PSI Vaporization systems. Efficient, dependable,
operating pressure, patented dynamometer design.
safe, and built to perform in the field year after
DNV and BP200 certified for North Sea use.
year.
 TRUCK MOUNTED NITROGEN PUMP
AND VAPORIZER SYSTEMS

Down-To-Earth Engineering

Down-to-earth oilfield engineering is No matter how they are used, these

what made Hydra Rig the world’s nitrogen pumping systems will meet
largest manufacturer of coiled tubing the toughest standards of oilfield
equipment. And that same down-to- performance, simply because they
earth engineering is at work for you in have more “oilfield tough” in their
our nitrogen pumping systems. design than any other system on the
market.

Offering the latest technology in both fired and non fired designs

660,000 SCFH, 10,000 PSI working

pressure, fired vaporizer system, with
climate controlled operator’s cabin.

600,000 SCFH, 10,000 PSI working

pressure, fired vaporizer system, 2000
gallon nitrogen storage vessel.

400,000 SCFH, 15,000 PSI working

pressure, fired vaporizer system, 2000
gallon tank with above deck controls.
 150,000 SCFH, 10,000 PSI
working pressure, heat
recovery vaporizer system,
controls located for ground
operation.

360,000 SCFH, 15,000 PSI working

pressure, heat recovery vaporizer system,
with above deck operator controls.

90,000 SCFH, 10,000 PSI working

pressure, heat recovery vaporizer
system, with 2500 gallon tank.

540,000 SCFH, 10,000 PSI working pressure,

fired vaporizer system, 2,000 gallon tank,
controls located for ground operation.

Performance and Precision

From the addition of field iron racks to the simple accessibility of its components,
oilfield engineering is evident in every aspect of the design and operation of
these units. The result is performance you can rely on, dividends you can count
on. And those are two good reasons to see what a little down-to-earth, oil field
engineering can do for you!
 TRAILER MOUNTED NITROGEN PUMP
AND VAPORIZER SYSTEMS

Basic Design

The standard features of the Nitrogen

Pump and Vaporizer Systems are also
available in trailer mounted units as well
as skid and truck mounted. Standard
systems are available from 60,000 SCFH
to 1,000,000 SCFH, in both fired and heat
recovery vaporization designs. Models
NP600 and NP200 Nitrogen Triplex
Pumps utilize low friction roller bearings
and a dry sump lubrication system to
1,000,000 SCFH, 10,000 PSI working pressure,
operate at 0-900 RPM, significantly
fired vaporizer system, controls mounted topside
extending the system’s range. for operator visibility.

180,000 scfh, 10,000 PSI working pressure, heat recovery vaporizer system, 2,500
gallon nitrogen storage vessel.

Special attention was given to the

design of the operator’s control panel.
Operation of the unit has been
simplified without reducing any of the
system’s integrated control functions.
With foresight gained from years of
field experience, the functional,
accessible layout of all components
contributes to the overall efficiency,
operator control, and maintenance.
1,000,000 SCFH, 5000 PSI working pressure, fired
vaporizer system, enclosed operators control cabin.
 LIQUID NITROGEN STORAGE TANKS

Offshore and land Based

LN2 storage tanks are offered for both

offshore and land operation. Our LN2
tanks are in operation around the world
and are specifically designed for
oilfield service with features necessary
to insure safe, dependable and 2,000 gallon offshore tank: Protective lift
efficient operation. frame, aluminium canopy, front and rear fill
connections, ISO corner locks, 4 leg sling
assembly.

General Features:

• Nominal 2,000 US gallon capacity

• 43 PSI maximum working pressure
• Super Insulation
• Service temperature -320oF
• ASME coded inner vessel

Offshore tank: General piping

and connections arrangement.
Special Features / Offshore Tanks

• Standard sizes: 2000, 3000, & 4000 gal.

• Skid mounted with protective lift frame
• Fork lift pockets
• Stackable design
• Front and rear fill connections
• Recessed aluminum top
• ISO twist lock corners (top and bottom)
• SS gauge panel
4,000 gallon portable / offshore tank: • (2) LN2 hose storage tubes
Protective lift frame, topside access
ladders, front and rear fill connections, ISO • Aluminum star-fin pressure building coil
corner locks. • SS drip pan under LN2 connections
• All SS piping with bronze globe valves
• North Sea certification available

LN2 transport truck: 4,000 gallon

capacity, hydraulically powered
centrifugal transfer pump, piping
enclosure.
 Nitrogen Pumping Equipment
Specifications

Nitrogen Pumping Equipment

Hydra Rig Nitrogen Unit Model 180HR10

Specifications
Nitrogen Pumping Skids
Model: NPS- 90HR10 180HR10 180HRH10 360HR10 540HR10
Vaporization
H2O Brake H2O Brake Hydraulic H2O Brake H2O Brake
Method
Engine DD6V-92TA DD8V-92TA CAT3406 DD12V-92TA DD16V92-TA
N2 Pump HR-NP200 HR-NP200 HR-NP200 HR-NP600 HR-NP600
Coldends 1 1/4” 1 5/8” 1 5/8” 2” 2 3/8”
Working
10,000 psi 10,000 psi 10,000 psi 10,000 psi 10,000 psi
Pressure Max.
HydrostaticTest 15,000 psi 15,000 psi 15,000 psi 15,000 psi 15,000 psi
90,000 scfh/
Flow Rate, Max. 1,500 180,000 scfh/ 180,000 scfh/ 360,000 scfh/ 540,000 scfh/
minute 3,000 minute 3,000 minute 6,000 minute 9,000 minute
Weight 20,000 lbs 22,000 lbs 17,500 lbs 36,000 lbs 36,000 lbs
Length 160” 168” 132” 264” 264”
Width 96” 96” 96” 96” 96”
Height 96” 96” 96” 96” 96”

1
Nitrogen Pumping Equipment
Vaporization Process
Typical Hydraulic Schematic
8
 Nitrogen Pumping Equipment
Vaporization Process

Vaporization Process
Heat generated by the unit (engine water, hydraulic oil, and lube oil) is transferred to a cool-
ant mixture via the:

- Lube heat exchanger,

- Hydraulic heat exchanger, and
- Engine heat exchanger.

On larger units (360k or bigger), an optional exhaust heat recovery is also utilized. How-
ever, these are not found on the 90k and 180k units.

And finally, some heat is generated by a water brake (commonly referred to as the dyno or
dynomomter). The water brake consists of friction plates (rotors and stators). As the cool-
ant mixture passes through these friction plates, it becomes hotter.

The coolant mixture is a mixture of water and glycol. A larger percentage of water is used in
desert locations where freezing is not a problem. Please note, the ratio of water to glycol will
affect the performance of the unit. If you alter this ratio, your unit will perform differently.
Why? Because water transfers heat better than glycol. The glycol is required to prevent
components from rusting and the water from freezing.

The heat from the coolant mixture must now be transferred to the nitrogen. This takes place
at the heat exchanger commonly referred to as the vaporizer.

Consider the coolant tank as the starting point while tracking the coolant mixture around the
unit. The coolant mixture is taken from the tank, into the water pump to be pumped to the
vaporizer (entering in a "heated" state but leaving in a much "cooler" state). Next, the cool-
ant mixture flows through the lube, hydraulic, and engine heat exchangers. From there, fluid
can be diverted to the water brake (during operations) and finally back to the coolant tank.

Simple View of the Coolant Flow Path

3
Nitrogen Pumping Equipment
Vaporization Process

Water Pump (also referred to as the Coolant Pump)

This is a positive displacement vane pump which propels the coolant mixture through the
coolant circuit.

Vaporizer
This is the only point where heat is transferred to the nitrogen. Liquid nitrogen enters the
vaporizer (at approximately -320°F) through a piece of stainless tubing. Inside the vapor-
izer, the tubing is coiled tightly together so that a large amount of tubing is inside. Nitrogen
exits the vaporizer in a gaseous state (maximum approximately 120°F).

Also entering the vaporizer is the coolant mixture which floods the vaporizer and flows
around the tubing bundle at a pressure of 80 to 150 psig.

The gaseous N2 temperature is controlled by the:

- Liquid N2 flow rate through the triplex cold ends, and

- the inlet coolant mixture temperature and flow rate. This coolant loop temperature is
manually controlled to maintain a steady input to the vaporizer between 100° to
140°F (maximum 180°F).

This discharge gas is normally measured in SCFM (Standard Cubic Feet per Minute) or
SCMM (Standard Cubic Meters per Minute) and shown on the control panel as the Pump
Rate. This "nitrogen discharge rate" is a calculated figure using a magnetic pickup reading
from the triplex (measuring the number of strokes) multiplied by an efficiency factor (e.g.,
87%), and displayed in SCFM or SCMM. Note, there is no flow meter to monitor the exact
amount of gas being pumped into the well.

Heat Exchangers
There are two basic types of heat exchangers utilized:

- the shell and tube heat exchanger (on new units), and
- the plate heat exchanger (on older units).

Both function virtually the same. A heat exchanger normally has two isolated fluid paths. As
two different temperature fluids flow through these paths, the higher temperature fluid gives
up heat to the fluid at the lower temperature.

In the shell and tube type heat exchanger, the colder fluid flows through a tube. This tube is
tightly wrapped inside the shell. The warmer fluid enters the shell and surrounds the tube.
Consequently, the fluid inside the tube becomes warmer.

Lube Heat Exchanger

When the coolant mixture leaves the vaporizer, it passes through the lube heat exchanger.
The coolant mixture is cooler than the lubrication oil passing by it. Consequently, a percent-
age of the heat from the lubrication oil is transferred into the coolant mixture. It's main pur-
pose is to control the lube oil tank temperature.

In cold weather, a reverse heat exchange is possible--the coolant loop (warmed by use of
the water brake) transfers heat to the lube oil. This is desirable because it allows the unit to
warm up faster, thus being able to start operations sooner.

Hydraulic Heat Exchanger

After leaving the lube heat exchanger, the coolant mixture enters the hydraulic heat
exchanger. This allows the coolant mixture to absorb additional heat created from the
hydraulic circuit. However, the hydraulic heat exchanger's main purpose is to control the
hydraulic tank temperature.

4
 Nitrogen Pumping Equipment
Vaporization Process

In cold weather, a reverse heat exchange is possible--the coolant mixture (containing fluid
warmed by use of the water brake) transfers heat into the hydraulic oil. This is desirable
because it allows a cold unit to warm up faster, thus starting operations sooner.

Water Plumbing Installation

5
Nitrogen Pumping Equipment
Vaporization Process
Typical Coolant Schematic
6
 Nitrogen Pumping Equipment
Vaporization Process

Engine Heat Exchanger

(not the radiator)

After leaving the hydraulic heat exchanger, the coolant mixture enters the engine heat
exchanger. This allows the coolant mixture to absorb additional heat created by the engine
"cooling" system (radiator water). It also helps control the engine temperature. The amount
of heat transfer varies depending on the horsepower draw or the engine load.

If the engine is having to work hard, it will generate more heat in the radiator system. This
heat is transferred to the coolant mixture and transferred again to heat the LN2 to a gas.

For example, the engine is capable of producing 540 horsepower. If you are pumping at
maximum rate and 1,000 psi discharge pressure, you may only use 200 horsepower to drive
the triplex. Little heat is created by the engine. Therefore, the water brake will have to be
used.

However, if you are pumping at maximum rate and 10,000 psi discharge pressure, you may
use 350 horsepower to drive the triplex. More heat is created by the engine. Consequently,
the water brake is used less or not at all.

Exhaust Heat Recovery

(Optional on larger units)

Some larger nitrogen units (360,000 SCFH and larger) may use water cooled manifolds or
an exhaust heat exchanger or both. By use of secondary or direct heat exchangers, the
exhaust heat is transferred into the coolant fluid.

Power Control Valve and Back Pressure Valve

The "Back Pressure Valve" is set at Hydra Rig for maximum performance and should not be
adjusted. It is set to the required pressure to feed the water brake via the "Power Control
Valve." It also allows the coolant mixture to go directly back to the coolant tank.

Coolant mixture going to the water brake is controlled by the "Power Control Valve." If the
"Power Control Valve" is closed, the water brake is still lubricated with the coolant mixture
through the "Bleed Water" line.
Remember, the water pump (or coolant pump) is a positive displacement vane pump. If it is
running and both valves are closed, something will fail.

Water Brake
Hydra Rig commonly refers to the water brake as the "dynamometer," "dyno," or "hydromatic
brake." These terms are often used interchangeably.

The water brake consists of "friction plates" or rotors and stators. When the engine is run-
ning, the rotors are always turning. The speed of the rotors is controlled by the speed of the
engine. However, the operator should not adjust the engine rpm up and down but rather
open and close the "Power Control Valve" to control the heat of the coolant mixture.

7
Nitrogen Pumping Equipment
Vaporization Process
Typical Hydraulic Schematic
8
 Nitrogen Pumping Equipment
Controls & Indicators

Controls & Indicators

Most of the controls and indicators needed to control the system are contained on the con-
trol panel (some behind, below, or beside the panel). The panel shown below is a "stan-
dard" control panel.

Control Panel For A "Standard" Closed Loop System

9
Nitrogen Pumping Equipment
Nitrogen Tanks

Nitrogen Tanks
Nitrogen tanks consist of two tanks (a stainless steel inner and carbon steel outer tank). The
tank piping is made of stainless steel while the fittings are made of cast bronze.

Insulation is placed between the two tanks to keep the inner vessel as cold as possible. The
insulation is either perlite or super-insulated material. You will find old tanks that used per-
lite. New tanks are manufactured with the super-insulated material (40 layers of fiber paper
and aluminum).

A vacuum is pulled between the tanks to get rid of all the air. Air will transfer heat. The vac-
uum level can be checked at any time using a special electronic gauge which measures in
microns. The vacuum is pulled by connecting a vacuum machine to the evacuation valve on
the front of the tank.

Hydra Rig Nitrogen Tank

Acceptable Vacuum Levels

1. For perlite-insulated tanks:
- 200 microns or less while cold (with LN2 in the tank), or
- 800 microns or less while warm (without LN2 in the tank).
2. For super-insulated tanks:
- 50 microns or less while cold (with LN2 in the tank), or
- 200 microns or less while warm (without LN2 in the tank).

Low pressure tanks will typically lose about 0.75% of LN2 per day.

Pressure Ratings
Most inner vessels are not designed to withstand external pressure (i.e., 2 psi may be
enough to collapse the inner vessel). The inner vessel is made of stainless steel. It is pres-
sure tested to 1 1/2 times working pressure.

10
 Nitrogen Pumping Equipment
Nitrogen Tanks

During a job, a common low pressure tank pressure should be maintained at approximately
30 psig. This can be monitored by using the pressure gauge labeled TANK PRESSURE.
The main popoff attached to the tank is set by Hydra Rig at 43 psig. There are also two
burst discs valves (one is optional) attached to the tank which are set at 53 psig as an added
safety feature. These burst discs are made of aluminum and plastic. While transporting the
tank, the road relief valve is used. It is set at 15 psig.

The small curved relief valves on the fill, fill / drain, and recirculation lines are set at 200 psi.

Filling The Tank

How full do you fill the tank? Connect your N2 supply to one of the fill lines, open the try-
cock, and begin filling the N2 tank. Stop filling the tank when LN2 comes out of the trycock.
When this happens, the tank is approximately 95% full. This leaves room for gas expansion.

A gauge on the tank labeled TANK CONTENTS will show the amount of LN2 in the tank
measured in "inches of water." A chart is placed on the tank to convert this measurement to
gallons. To use this gauge correctly, the three small valves below the gauge (Equalizer
Valve, Liquid Valve, and Gas Valve) should all be open.
43 psi
Relief
V alve

Burst
Discs

Vent
Road Re lief Try cock
Re lief
Fill / Drain Eva cuation
F ront
Re circulation
Re lief Rea r Fill
Valv e Fill

V aporizing Co ils P re ssure Building

Nitrogen Tank

43 psi
Relie f
Valve

Burst
Disc s

Ve nt
R oad Relie f Trycoc k
Relief
Fill / Drain Ev acu ation
Front
Recirc ula tion
Relief Re ar Fill
Va lve Fill

Pressu re Building
Nitrogen Tank

11
Nitrogen Pumping Equipment
Nitrogen Tanks

Saturated LN2
While sitting idle, the LN2 in a tank will gradually absorb heat and generate pressures up to
the relief valve setting. This will slightly increase the temperature of the LN2--causing vapor
to coexist within the LN2. As the tank becomes hotter, the pressure increases, the LN2
becomes hotter, and more LN2 changes to a gas. This gas remains trapped within the LN2-
-referred to as saturated nitrogen. Saturated nitrogen means that gas and liquid are in equi-
librium at a certain pressure and temperature--it may be a lot of gas or it may be a little gas
depending on the pressure and temperature.

There is another reason the LN2 becomes hotter in the tank. Heat is introduced into the
LN2 while it is being circulated with the boost pump (due to friction and piping in direct con-
tact with the atmosphere). Consequently, even more LN2 changes into a gaseous state.
Actually, the warmer gas coexists within the colder LN2--this is what we refer to as "hot
LN2."

When the "hot LN2" is recirculated back into the top of the tank. You may hear someone
say that "air bubbles enter the tank." It is not air but nitrogen gas entering the tank.

The saturated LN2 will create problems trying to keep the boost pump and cold ends
primed. You will have to blow down the tank (vent all the gas off), and then pressure up the
tank again to get rid of the vapor trapped in the LN2. The illustration below may help you
understand.

"Boiling nitrogen" or "LN2 boiling" refers to the condition when the surrounding area is
warmer than the LN2. While the LN2 tries to cool the surrounding area it looks like a pot of
water boiling on the stove.

N2 Gas
15 psi

15 psi HOT LN2

-310 F WHILE VENTING
(too much vapor N2 Gas
in the LN2)
10 psi

10 psi LN2 Boiling

-315 F
(vapor escapes out
of the LN2)

AFTER VENTING
N2 Gas
0 psi

0 psi Cold LN2

-320 F READY TO PUMP
(most of the vapor is no
longer in the LN2)
N2 Gas
30 psi

30 psi Cold LN2

-320 F
(vapor escapes out
of the LN2)

Inside A Nitrogen Tank

12
 Nitrogen Pumping Equipment
Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting
(A) Engine Starter Not Turning Over
Probable Cause Remedy
No Air Pressure Check system air pressure
Faulty Start Button Insure start valve is pressurizing diaphragm valve
Check Diaphragm Valve Remove air pilot line and push start button. If good air pressure and
(Dump Valve to Starter) to be volume comes through pilot line, re-install pilot line. Remove supply
sure it is opening and deliver- hose to starter, push start button. If diaphragm valve opens and dis-
ing air supply to starter charges large air volume, the valve is all right
If you are sure starter is getting good air volume and pressure, but
Starter seized
starter will not turn, remove and repair or replace as necessary.

(B) Engine Cranks But Will Not Start

Probable Cause Remedy
Slow cranking speed Refer to A
Using starting aid (ether) below 15°F. Check engine manual to be cer-
Low ambient temperature
tain ether starting is approved
Check fuel tank level, fuel filters, fuel lines, valves, supply and return,
Engine not getting fuel
and fuel pump
Check Normal Kill cylinder to
Repair or remove and replace normal kill cylinder
see if it is stuck in Kill position
Throttle linkage binding Check linkage and make adjustments as necessary
Poor quality fuel, incorrect
Drain fuel, change filters, and replace fuel
fuel or water in fuel
Improper oil viscosity Drain oil, change filters, and replace oil
Check the Emergency Kill
“Flapper” to see if it is in Reset Emergency Kill “Flapper”.
closed position.

(C) Engine Misfiring

Probable Cause Remedy
Poor quality fuel Drain fuel, change filters, and replace fuel
Air in fuel system Check for air in fuel system mainly on suction side of fuel pump.
Broken or leaking fuel lines Check for fuel leaks and replace defective parts
Restrictions in fuel lines Check fuel flow. Replace fuel lines as necessary
Low fuel pressure Check fuel level and kinks in fuel lines. Change fuel filters
Defective fuel injectors or
Contact authorized engine repair representative
pump

(D) Engine Stalls

Probable Cause Remedy
Fuel tank vent plugged Check tank vent and repair as necessary
Low fuel supply Refer to C, Item 5
High parasitic loading (e.g.,
LN2 pump hydraulic pump Check for engine loading during starting
speed control.)

(E) Erratic Engine Speed

Probable Cause Remedy
Air leaks in fuel suction line Check for air leaks and repair as necessary
Throttle linkage loose Check throttle linkage
Engine governor problems Contact authorized repair representative

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Nitrogen Pumping Equipment
Troubleshooting

(F) Low Power

Probable Cause Remedy
Restrictions in air intake sys- Check air pressure in air inlet manifold. Replace air filter and make
tem, clogged air filter necessary repairs to air system
Poor fuel quality Refer to B, Item 6
Damaged or restrictions in
Check linkage, adjust or replace if necessary
throttle linkage
Emergency Kill “Flapper” par-
Check “Flapper”, reset or repair as necessary
tially closed
Normal Kill cylinder partially
Reset cylinder or Repair as needed
extended

(G) Engine Over-Heating

Probable Cause Remedy
Coolant level low Determine cause, replace defective parts and replace coolant
Expansion tank cap Replace expansion cap
Defective thermostat Replace thermostat
Defective coolant pump Replace coolant pump
Fan not engaging fully (full
Inspect fan speed. Repair as necessary
RPM) or turning

(H) Low Engine Oil Pressure

Probable Cause Remedy
Coolant level low Determine cause, replace defective parts and replace coolant
Expansion tank cap Replace expansion cap
Defective thermostat Replace thermostat
Defective coolant pump Replace coolant pump
Fan not engaging fully (full
Inspect fan speed. Repair as necessary
RPM) or turning
Probable Cause Remedy
Oil leakage, low level Check for leaks and repair as necessary
Incorrect oil viscosity Drain oil, change filters and replace oil
Defective oil gauge Replace oil gauge
Clogged oil filter Replace oil and filters
Defective oil pump Contact authorized repair representative

(I) Oil In Coolant

Probable Cause Remedy
Defective oil cooler core or
Contact authorized repair representative
seals
Blown head gasket Contact authorized repair representative

(J) Coolant In Oil

Probable Cause Remedy
Defective oil coolant core or
Contact authorized repair representative
seals
Blown head gasket Contact authorized repair representative
Defective coolant pump Contact authorized repair representative
Cylinder sleeve seals failure Contact authorized repair representative

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 Nitrogen Pumping Equipment
Troubleshooting

(K) Low Flow Rate To Unit From LN2 Tank

Probable Cause Remedy
Low tank pressure Increase tank pressure
Supply valve not fully open Open valve fully on LN2 tank and skid
Return valve closed or par-
Open valve fully on LN2 tank and skid
tially closed
Suction strainer on LN2 tank
Clean or replace strainer
clogged
Suction strainer on skid
Clean or replace strainer
clogged
Clogged piping or transfer
Inspect piping and hoses to insure free flow
hoses
(L) Moisture In Stem Packing
Probable Cause Remedy
Moisture in stem packing Thaw valve and dry out packing
(M) Boost Pump Will Not Turn
Probable Cause Remedy
Hydraulic valve closed at
Open valve
boost pump
Turn the shaft coupling with a pipe wrench. Do not use excessive force.
Locked up from ice formation
If pump will not turn, thaw out and dry out pump
Suction valve to hydraulic
Open valve
pump closed
Disconnect motor supply hose. Plug hose and cap motor. Test pump
Defective hydraulic pump pressure if pump does not build pressure. Check system relief valve. If
relief valve is all right, remove and replace pump
(N) Triplex Pump Will Not Rotate
Probable Cause Remedy
Over pressure shutdown is
Reset to operating position
active or tripped
No hydraulic charge pump Check flushing valve by plugging off outlet flushing valve. If pressure is
pressure good, remove flushing valve and repair or replace as required
Check pump drive coupling to
insure drive components are Replace damaged or broken drive coupling
not slipping off input shaft
Check main system pres- Remove Triplex dump drive coupling. Attempt to rotate Triplex. If
sure. If pressure rises above hydraulic motor and reduction gear box rotate, the Triplex is locked up.
required to drive Triplex, one If the motor and reduction gear box do not turn, remove motor from the
of the following is locked up: gear box and attempt to rotate motor. If the hydraulic motor rotates,
Hydraulic drive motor, Reduc- the gear box should be repaired or replaced. If the hydraulic motor
tion gear box or Triplex pump does not turn, repair or replace the hydraulic motor
(O) Water Brake Will Not Build Heat In The Coolant Circuit
Probable Cause Remedy
Check hydraulic drive system. If hydraulic system is turning pump, but
Coolant pump is not operating
pump is not building pressure, repair or replace coolant pump
Check return filter for blockage. Check lines for obstructions. Check
Coolant pressure too high and
back pressure system for closed gate valve or malfunctioning back pres-
coolant flow output low
sure relief valve
Open water brake load valve enough to reduce RPM of engine by 200
Water brake inlet valve is not
RPM. If it is not possible to reduce engine RPM by 200 RPM, remove
supplying the water brake
water brake supply hose and measure supply flow at maximum engine
properly
RPM. Flow must be 25 GPM to generate full load at the water brake
After checking all of the above,
Contact Hydra Rig Customer Service Department for technical support
unit will not perform
For properties and uses of Nitrogen, please see the General Section of this handbook

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Nitrogen Pumping Equipment
Troubleshooting

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