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Renaissance Movement

The document provides details about the Renaissance movement in Europe including its origins in Italy in the mid-1300s, spread to other parts of Europe by 1500s, and key aspects like humanism, influential figures like the Medicis in Florence, and renowned Renaissance artists like Leonardo Da Vinci, Michelangelo, and William Shakespeare. It also discusses the impact of the printing press in making literature widely accessible.

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Abdurrehman Amin
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148 views4 pages

Renaissance Movement

The document provides details about the Renaissance movement in Europe including its origins in Italy in the mid-1300s, spread to other parts of Europe by 1500s, and key aspects like humanism, influential figures like the Medicis in Florence, and renowned Renaissance artists like Leonardo Da Vinci, Michelangelo, and William Shakespeare. It also discusses the impact of the printing press in making literature widely accessible.

Uploaded by

Abdurrehman Amin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name : Hafiz Muhammad Waleed

Registration : 2952-FLL/BSENG/S22

Subject : Classical Renaissance and Drama

Assignment : “Renaissance Movement”

Submitted To : Dr.Hafiz Abid Masood

The Renaissance
The Renaissance was a time of REBIRTH in creativity in Europe in the 1300s. It brought change in
many areas – political (government), social (people), economic (business, trade, money), and
cultural (traditions in art, literature, etc.). Most important however, were the changes in the way
that the people viewed themselves and their world. During this time, there was a renewed
interest in classical learning, especially the culture of ancient Rome. This was a time of rebirth
after the disorder and disunity of the Middle Ages.
Some elements of the Middle Ages remained however. After all, the Middle Ages had preserved
much of the classical heritage. Unlike medieval scholars, who debated the nature of life after
death, Renaissance thinkers were eager to explore the richness and variety of human
experience in the here and now. At the same time, there was a new emphasis on individual
achievement. Indeed, the Renaissance ideal was the person with talent in many fields.

•Italian Beginnings:
The Renaissance began in Italy in the mid-1300s, then spread north to the rest of Europe. It
reached its height in the 1500’s. It began in Italy because Italy was the center of ancient Roman
history. Italy also differed from the rest of Europe, as its cities had survived the Middle Ages. In
the north, cities like Florence, Milan, Venice, and Genoa grew into prosperous centers of trade
and manufacturing. Rome, in central Italy, and Naples in the south, also contributed to the
Renaissance cultural revival. Finally, a wealthy and powerful merchant class in these city-states
further promoted the cultural rebirth. These merchants exerted both political and economic
leadership, and their attitudes and interests helped to shape the Italian Renaissance. They
stressed education and individual achievement. They also spent lavishly to support the art.

•Florence and the Medicis :


The city of Florence, perhaps more than any other city, came to symbolize the Italian
Renaissance. Florence was home to many gifted poets, artists, architects, scholars, and
scientists in a short space of time.
In the 1400s, the Medici family of Florence organized a banking business. The business
prospered, and the family expanded into wool manufacturing, mining and other ventures. Soon,
the Medicis ranked amongst the richest merchants and bankers in Europe. This money gave the
family cultural and political power. Cosimo de’Medici gained control of the Florentine
government in 1434, and the family continued as uncrowned rulers of the city for many years.
Best known of all the medicis was Cosimo’s grandson, Lorenzo. He was a generous patron , or
financial supporter of the arts. Poets and philosophers frequently visited the Medici palace.
Artists like Michelangelo learned their craft by sketching ancient Roman statues collected in the
Medici gardens.

•Humanism:
At the heart of the Renaissance was an intellectual movement known as humanism . Humanism
focused on worldly subjects rather than on religious issues that had occupied medieval thinkers.
Humanist scholars hoped to use the wisdom of the ancients to increase their understanding of
their own times. Renaissance art reflected humanist concerns. Like artists of the Middle Ages,
Renaissance artists portrayed religious figures such as Mary, Jesus, and the saints. However,
they often set these figures against Greek or Roman backgrounds.
Painters also produced portraits of well-known figures of the day, reflecting the humanist
interest in individual achievement. Renaissance artists learned the rules of perspective . By
making distant objects smaller than those close to the viewer, artists could paint scenes that
appeared three-dimensional. They also used shading to make objects look round and real.
Renaissance artists studied human anatomy and drew from live models. This made it possible
for them to portray the human body more accurately than medieval artists had done.

•Renaissance Artists:
William Shakespeare
Shakespeare was an English poet and playwright. Between 1590 and 1613, he
wrote 37 plays that are still performed around the world. Shakespeare’s comedies,
such as A Midsummer Night’s Dream, laughs at the follies and joys of young
people in love. His history plays, such as Richard III, chronicle the power struggles
of English kings. His tragedies show human beings crushed by powerful forces or
their own weakness. In Romeo and Juliet, two teenagers fall victim to an old
family feud. In Othello, a noble warrior is driven mad by jealousy. In Macbeth, he
depicts an ambitious couple whose desire for political power leads them to
commit murder.
Leonardo DaVinci
-Born in 1452.
-Most popular painting is the Mona Lisa.
-Made sketches of nature and models of undersea boats and flying machines
-Dissected corpses (dead bodies) to learn how bones and muscles work
Michelangelo:
- He was a Sculptor, engineer, painter, architect, poet
-He shaped stone into masterpieces like Pieta, which captures the sorrow of Mary as she
cradles the dead Christ on her knees.
-He also sculpted David, a statue of the biblical shepherd who killed the giant Goliath

Renaissance Writers :
Poets, artists, and scholars met and mingled with politicians at the courts of the Renaissance
rulers
Baldassare Castiglione :
The most widely read book during the Renaissance was The Book of the Courtier. Castiglione’s
ideal courtier was a well-educated, well-mannered aristocrat who has mastered many fields,
from poetry to music to sports. The ideal differed for men and women. The ideal man is athletic,
but not overactive. He plays a musical instrument and knows literature and history, but he is not
arrogant.
Nicolo Machiavelli
Machiavelli wrote a different kind of handbook. He served Florence as a diplomat and had
observed kings and princes in foreign courts. He also had studied ancient Roman history. In The
Prince, published in 1513, Machiavelli combined his personal experiences of politics with his
knowledge of the past to offer a guide to rulers on how to gain and maintain power. He took a
look at real rulers in an age of ruthless power politics.

• The Printing Press


The great works of the Renaissance reached a large audience. The way this was possible is
through the development of printing in Europe. The Chinese had learned to make paper and
had printed books centuries earlier. By 1300, methods of papermaking had reached Europe. By
the 1400s, German engravers had developed movable type. In 1456, Johann Gutenberg of
Mainz, Germany, printed a completeedition of the Bible using movable metal type. With the
Gutenberg Bible, the European age of printing had begun.
The printing revolution brought many changes. Books printed with movable type on rag paper
were cheaper and easier to produce than hand-copied works. As books became more readily
available, more people learned to read and write. They also gained access to a broad range of
knowledge as presses churned out books on topics from medicine and law to astrology, mining,
and geography.

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