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Class&objectt ABDULMALIK

The document discusses object oriented programming concepts including classes, objects, abstraction, encapsulation, and inheritance. It provides examples of defining classes and creating objects in C++ code to demonstrate OOP concepts.

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23 views12 pages

Class&objectt ABDULMALIK

The document discusses object oriented programming concepts including classes, objects, abstraction, encapsulation, and inheritance. It provides examples of defining classes and creating objects in C++ code to demonstrate OOP concepts.

Uploaded by

afmis1652
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIT1 :

Introduction to Oops
Adjectives of this unit
- What Is Oops ?
- What are class and object ? .
- Syntax of class.
- Syntax of object.
- Example1,example2 and example3.
- What are abstraction ,encapsulation and inheritance ?

T.SUB: Abdulmalik A Alsarori


Oops
 Oops stands for object oriented programming
system
 Oops is a concept that combines both the data
and function that operate on that data into a
single unit called the object.
 Oops is the style to design the programs by
using class and object.
 Oops follows “bottom up” design technique.
Features of the Object Oriented programming

 Emphasis is on doing rather than procedure.


 programs are divided into what are known as objects.
 Data structures are designed such that they characterize
the objects.
 Functions that operate on the data of an object are tied
together in the data structure.
 Data is hidden and can‟t be accessed by external
functions.
 Objects may communicate with each other through
functions.
 New data and functions can be easily added.
 Follows bottom-up approach in program design.
Concepts of oops
 Concepts of oops :
- Class.
- Object.
- Abstraction.
- Encapsulation.
- Inheritance.
- Polymorphism.
Class and object
 Class and object are the two main aspects of
oops.
 Class is a template for objects and an object is
an instance of a class.

Objects Objects
Class Class
Apple Volvo
Banana Toyota
Fruit Car
Mango Hyundai
Class
 Class is a diagram ,prototype and blue print
follows object.
 Class is a user-defined type or data structure
declared with keyword class that has properties
”data” and actions “method ”.
 Syntax of declare a class:
User defined name

class class_name
{
Keyword access specifier : //can be private, public or protected
data members; // variables to be used
member functions( ) //methods to access data members
}; //class name end with a semicolon
Object
 Object is real world entity.
 Object contain
- properties
- task performed .
• Object is instance of class.
• Syntax of creating a object :

ClassName objectName ;
Example 1
# include<iostream>
using namespace std; Object x
class person
{ Ahmed 15

string name; Name Age


int age;
};
int main( )
{ person x;
x.name=„Ahmed‟;
x.age=15;
return 0;
}
Example 2
# include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class person Object x
{
string name; Ahmed 15
int age; Name Age
};
int main( ) Object y
{ person x,y;
Ali 20
x.name=„Ahmed‟;
x.age=15; Name Age
y.name=„Ali‟;
y.age=20;
return 0;
}
Example 3
# include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class person
{
string name;
int age;
void getdata()
{
cout<<”enter name”;
cin>>name;
cout<<”enter age”;
cin>>age;
}
};
Example 3
int main( )
{ person p,s;
p.getdata(); Object p

s.getdata(); Ahmed 15 getdata


return 0;
Name Age function
}

Object s

Ali 20 getdata

Name Age function


Abstraction , encapsulation and inheritance

 Abstraction is showing only essential parts


hiding the implementation details.
 Encapsulation is binding variables and methods
under the single entity.
 Inheritance is the capability of a class to derive
properties and characteristics from another
class .

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