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FUNDAMENTALS OF HEALTH CARE

INSTRUCTIONS: Select the correct answer for each of the following questions. Mark only
one answer for each item by shading the box corresponding to the letter of your choice
on the answer sheet provided. STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED.

1. All of the following leads to perineal laceration, EXCEPT:

a. Small for gestational age
b. Macrosomia
c. Face presentation
d. Precipitate labor

2. Anemia is deficiency in:

a. Iron
b. Calcium
c. Phosphorus
d. Vitamin A

3. What is the angle for IM injection?

a. 45 º
b. 90 º
c. 15 º
d. 180 º

4. Fever that falls to normal every day.

a. Remittent
b. Intermittent
c. Relapsing
d. Constant

5. Which is a good source of thiamine?

a. Whole grains
b. Cheese and butter
c. Whole bread
d. Legumes

6. What is the term for a powerful pulse that suddenly collapses?

a. Bounding
b. Irregular
c. Corrigan
d. Thread

7. Pressure on this artery prevent severe bleeding of an open leg wound:

a. Carotid
b. Femoral
c. Brachial
d. Radial

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8. A 2-year-old child has passed 2 round worms, the mother asked advice from the
Midwife and her answer should be:
a. Hand washing
b. Refer to pediatrician
c. Do not let the child eat barehand
d. Always use foot wear

9. If OPV, DPT, and TT are in liquid form, BCG and measles are in what form?
a. Powder form
b. Freeze dried
c. Capsule
d. Tablet

10. Where is the site of popliteal pulse?

a. Below the knee
b. Posterior ankle
c. Lateral to the eye
d. On the wrist

11. During home delivery, profuse bleeding occurs. What is your initial action?
a. Observe
b. Inspect where the blood comes
c. Apply vaginal packing
d. Refer

12. Compression site if the forearm bleeds?

a. Radial
b. Brachial
c. Temporal
d. Popliteal

13. Instructions when collecting sperm:

a. Sperm maybe collected in the clinic
b. Put it in a sterile container
c. Abstinence for 2 days before collection
d. Sex with a condom is the best way of collecting the specimen

14. What is the best position for patients with severe degree of difficult respiration as in
cardiac disease and asthma?
a. Flat on bed
b. Trendelenburg
c. Fowler’s
d. Sim’s

15. All of the following are considered objective data, EXCEPT:

a. 100/60 mmHg
b. Client cries in an interview
c. Client states she is hungry
d. Lung sounds

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16. All of the following are considered method of microorganism transmission, EXCEPT:
a. DROPLET
b. DIRECT
c. INDIRECT
d. EYE TO EYE CONTACT

17. Which of the following is an example of a hypotensive drug?

a. Apresoline
b. Hemostan
c. Methergine
d. Terbutaline

18. What is the normal axillary temperature of an infant?

a. 38.3 ºC
b. 37.8 ºC
c. 36.8 ºC
d. 37.5 ºC

19. The heat loss from our body through air current:
a. Convection
b. Radiation
c. Conduction
d. Vaporization

20. Which of the following is NOT a surgical needle?

a. Cutting
b. Round
c. Taper point
d. Hypodermic

21. What is TRUE in the practice of aseptic technique?

1. From cleanest to least clean area
2. Inside to outside in circular motion
3. Wearing protective barrier when handling body fluids
a. 1,2,3
b. 3 only
c. 1 & 3 only
d. 1 only

22. One benefit of family planning is that it can limit the number of child/ children to how
many?
a. 4
b. 2
c. 3
d. 1

23. Bedsore can be prevented by the following procedure, EXCEPT:

a. Always keep the bedding clean and dry
b. Keep linen free from folds
c. Promote moisture
d. Change the position of the client every 2 hours

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24. Refers to capability to harm the host is called:

a. Disease
b. Infectivity
c. Pathogenicity
d. Virulence

25. The following will promote proper fecal excretion or defecation, EXCEPT:
a. Have a regular bowel habit
b. Increase fluid intake
c. Minimal exercise
d. Consume fruits and vegetables

26. Handwashing before applying the bag technique is done to:

a. Prevent contamination of the bag
b. Protect the uniform
c. Prevent the instruments and area
d. Prevent the spread of infection

27. Pelvic rocking is useful:

a. To relieve leg cramps
b. To improve breathing
c. To relieve back pain
d. To strengthen the abdominal, thigh and hip muscles

28. Which of the following is the best source of protein?

a. Internal organs, beans
b. Meat, fish, poultry, legumes
c. Oysters and clams
d. Yellow vegetables and fruits

29. What method is used in breast self-examination BSE?

1. Auscultation
2. Percussion
3. Palpation
a. 1, 2, 3
b. 2 & 3
c. 3 only
d. 2 only

30. Which of the following has a diuretic effect?

a. Yerba Buena
b. Sambong
c. Ampalaya
d. Bayabas

31. Rooming-in means that the mother and baby stay together within how many
minutes/ hours post normal delivery?
a. 30 mins
b. 90 mins
c. 4 mins
d. 120 mins

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32. Prolonged immobilization can result to:

a. Hemorrhage
b. Infection
c. Loss of muscle tone
d. High fever

33. Deep penetration in the skin and even into the muscles which can either be
intentional or unintentional:
a. Laceration
b. Puncture
c. Abrasion
d. Incision

34. Which of the following characteristics is NOT a sign of infected wound?

a. High fever
b. Throbbing pain
c. Affected part is swollen
d. Obstruction of air passage

35. Which of the following is NOT a sign/ symptom of shock?

a. Pupils dilated
b. Shallow and rapid breathing
c. Irregular pulse
d. Fever and headache

36. Indication for IV.

1. Treatment for shock
2. For hydration/ rehydration
3. Replace fluid-electrolyte loss
4. For profuse bleeding
5. Route for IV meds

a. 1,2,3
b. 3,4,5
c. 1,3,5
d. 1,2,3,4,5

37. Nutrient responsible for the formation of new cells:

a. Protein
b. Carbohydrates
c. Iron
d. Vitamin B9

38. A hilot attended birth and the woman remained lying down for 2 weeks postpartum.
What complication can happen?
a. Varicosities
b. Edema
c. Thrombophlebitis
d. Urinary retention

39. Muscle weakness and paralysis is a characteristic symptom of what disease?

a. Typhoid fever
b. Diphtheria

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c. Parasitism
d. Polio

40. a 17-year-old adolescent has not been menstruating. This is?

a. Primary amenorrhea
b. Delayed menarche
c. Secondary amenorrhea
d. Menopause

41. Mrs. Lacanaria is teaching fundamentals of health care to Midwifery students. She
defines health as:
a) Absence of infection and disease
b) Normal physical and mental health
c) State of homeostasis of the body
d) Normal equilibrium of body processes, social-mental-psychological &
emotional well-being

42. Mrs. Lacanaria also had one of the topic on Hygiene. She defined this to them. Two
of the following statements are correct. Which two are not?
1. Normal equilibrium of all body processes.
2. Sanitary science
3. System of rules or principles designed for the promotion of health
4. Practice of sterile technique
a) 1, 3
b) 1, 4
c) 2, 3
d) 2, 4

43. How do you call when the medication is in the blood stream?
a) Pharmacokinetics
b) Pharmacodynamics
c) Biotransformation
d) Pharmacology

44. If the oral route of temperature is the most convenient and the rectal route is the
most accurate, which one is the least accurate?
a) Tympanic
b) Temporal
c) Axillary
d) Oral

45. The rationale behind washing one body part at a time when giving a bath is:
a) To maintain privacy
b) To minimize body exposure
c) To prevent chilling
d) To promote comfort

46. An order was given to perform a skin test to a child who was bitten by a dog. The
midwife knows that the route is intradermal. Two of the choices are correct which are:
1. In the epidermis layer
2. Under the epidermis layer
3. In the dermis layer
4. On the skin

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a) 1, 2
b) 2, 3, 4
c) 2, 3
d) 1, 2, 3, 4

47. All of the following are accurate about auscultation, EXCEPT:

a) Listening to the sounds produced within the body
b) A quiet environment is a must
c) Done with the use of a stethoscope only
d) Can be done with the use of the naked ear

48. Among these routes of taking the temperature, which has the highest reading?
a) Oral
b) Temporal
c) Rectal
d) Tympanic

49. The oral rehydration solution is contraindicated to:

a) 7 months old infant
b) A 3 y.o. with a cleft lip
c) A boy who has been sleeping for 2 days now
d) An 8-month-old infant with 6 bouts of watery stools in one hour

50. The Midwife plans to take the BP on the right arm. She puts the right arm below the
patient’s heart level. The Midwife would expect:
a) A low BP
b) A normal BP
c) An above normal BP
d) Hypotensive reading

51. Self-breast examination is a means of early detection of breast cancer. The most
common site of breast cancer is:
a) Lower outer quadrant of the breast
b) Lower inner quadrant of the breast
c) Upper outer quadrant of the breast
d) Upper inner quadrant of the breast

52. The rationale behind putting a pillow behind the shoulder of the breast to be
examined in the lying position is to:
a) Promote client’s comfort
b) Distribute breast tissue more evenly on the chest
c) For better visualization of the breast
d) To fully palpate all parts of the breast

53. If a breast mass is detected, the midwife would document all of the following except:
1. Location and size
2. Shape and consistency
3. Mobility of the skin over the lump
4. Nipple discharges and tenderness

a) None of the above c. 2, 3, 4

b) 1,2,3 d. 1, 3, 4

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54. This is defined as the process where a substance is transformed to another

chemical by a chemical reaction in the body.
a) Pharmacology
b) Pharmacodynamic
c) Biotransformation
d) Pharmaceutical

55. Midwife Roda is teaching a group of parents about first aid for burns. He is right
about 2nd degree burns when he says except one:
a) The epidermis and dermis are affected
b) There is pain, redness and blister
c) An ice application or cold compress for 15 min is the first aid
d) One can prick the blister for faster healing

56. Midwife Tina is teaching the meaning of acronym RACE in case of fire:
a) Run, Act, Call for help, Escape
b) Repress the fire, Alarm, Call for help, Extinguish
c) Rescue, Alarm, Confine, Extinguish
d) Rescue, Alarm, Confine, Enter the fire scene

57. Which is NOT accurate of medical asepsis?

a) It is a clean technique
b) Decreases the number of microorganism
c) Can decrease the number and growth of spores and viruses
d) Uses disinfection methods

58. Disinfection methods are all of the following. Eliminate which one is NOT:
a) Use Lysol 5%
b) Use ethyl alcohol 62-70%
c) Steaming
d) Use household bleach

59. Tears in the skin is called:

a) Incision
b) Puncture
c) Lacerations
d) Abrasion

60. the definition of pharmacokinetics is:

a) Study of what the drug does to the body
b) Study of what the body does to the drug
c) Study of what the kidneys do to the drugs
d) Study of drugs and their chemical components

61. Pharmacodynamics is:

a) Study of what the drug does to the body
b) Study of what the body does to the drug
c) Study of what the kidneys do to the drugs
d) Study of drugs and their chemical components

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62. These are effects of pharmacodynamics EXCEPT:

a) Antihypertensive
b) Oxytocics
c) Tocolytics
d) Disinfectants

63. On her second clinic visit, Ana was scheduled for abdominal ultrasound detection of
the gestational age. As part of your instructions prior to the procedure, you would tell
her:
a) To drink large amount of fluid prior to procedure
b) To empty her bladder prior to the procedure
c) To be prepared for a catheter to be inserted prior to the procedure
d) Not to drink any fluid one hour prior to the study

64. The process by which the cervical canal becomes paper thin and indistinct from the
uterus is called:
a. Effacement c) Dilatation
b. Labor d) Transition

65. If during the 4th stage of labor you noticed Perla to be bleeding profusely and you
cannot feel the fundus, you should immediately:
a. Call the physician c) continue to monitor her vital signs
b. Gently massage the uterus d) call the nurse ASAP

66. In the practice of aseptic technique, cleaning is done:

a. By the use of germicides c) by cleaning from cleanest to dirtiest
b. From the least clean to the cleanest d) by the use of gloves

67. In assessing the level of consciousness, a patient who is alert responds to:
a. Questions about family, occupation and peers
b. Loud noises and sounds
c. Pain stimuli
d. All of these

68. The composition of pills includes:

a. Estrogen and progesterone c) Progesterone and vitamins
b. Estrogen and prolactin d) Vitamins and minerals

69. Shortly after delivery, the patient tells you that she is bleeding. In checking, you find a
steady trickling blood from the vagina. Your first action should be:
a. Go out and call the physician immediately
b. Check the fundus and gently massage it, have someone call the physician
c. Check the patient’s pulse and blood pressure, call the physician
d. Bring the client to the hospital

70. Pregnant women may develop varicosities of the lower extremities. To prevent this
you may advice to do the following except:
a. Sit with legs elevated at least 3 times a day
b. Avoid standing for long periods
c. Wear full lengths elastic supports
d. Wear girdle all day

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71. Pinky came crying to you because of epistaxis. Your management which is not
acceptable is:
a. Pinch nose until bleeding stops
b. Ask the child with head forward
c. Tell the child to lie down with head to the side
d. Put ice cap on the forehead

72. Some characteristics differentiate viruses from bacteria:

a. They multiply only in living cells
b. They have longer incubation period
c. Permanent immunity results from one attack
d. Presence of inclusion bodies in body cells

73. What constitute as an error on your part as you instruct Aling Julia what to do during
the first stage of labor?
a. Encourage pelvic rocking to relieve postural stress
b. Instructing Aling Julia to bear down with contractions
c. Encourage to breathe deeply and slowly during contractions
d. Assume a side-lying position to increase the intensity of labor

74. On instructing Naty regarding care of her infant’s umbilical cord stump, you should
advise her to:
a. Cleanse the stump with hydrogen peroxide several times
b. Secure a tight abdominal binder over the stump
c. Apply moist compress 3-4 times daily
d. Clean the stump daily with water and keep dry

75. When teaching about breastfeeding, the midwife should instruct the mother not to:
a. Wash before and after each feeding
b. Try to empty the breast at each feeding
c. Wash the breast with soap and water after each feeding
d. Maintain an eye contact when feeding

76. A patient is admitted in your ward and it is your duty to obtain a midwife’s history. Your
first responsibility as an interviewer should be to:
a. Determine his credibility
b. Obtain the subjective data for the history
c. Put him at ease
d. All of these

77. When applying heat to a patient, which of the following activities may be UNSAFE?
a. Checking the doctor’s order for temperature and duration of treatment
b. Checking the appearance of the skin shortly after application of heat
c. Allowing the patient to regulate the amount of heat for personal comfort
d. All of the above

78. Bed sore can be prevented by:

a. Turing the patient every 2 hours
b. Keeping the buttocks clean, dry and powdered
c. Massaging the area to improve circulation
d. All of the above

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79. The following condition indicate negligence in patient care, EXCEPT:

a. Decubitus ulcer c) Hypostatic pneumonia
b. Cyanosis and cold clammy perspiration d) contractures

80. A midwife cleaning the patient’s eyes, she must wipe the patient’s eyes:
a. From the inner canthus going outside
b. In a direction comfortable to the patient
c. From outer canthus going inside
d. In either direction

81. The patient has insomnia, which of the following will you not recommend?
a. Warm milk
b. Warm bath
c. Darkened room
d. Fear of need treatment

82. Factors affecting health and comfort inside a room includes the following, EXCEPT:
a. Temperature and humidity c) Proper ventilation
b. Atmospheric pressure and radiation d) Proper air movement

83. Your objective in the proper preparation of the patient’s unit is mainly to:
a. Impress the patient and her relatives with the hospital services
b. Provide a clean/ hygienic surrounding for the patient
c. Make the unit attractive so as to make her feet at ease and happy
d. All of the above

84. You extend to Mrs. Cruz and her husband a warm welcome to the hospital. This is
essential to:
a. Help give the patient a feeling of belonging
b. Help gain the good will of the husband
c. Improve the image of the hospital
d. All of the above

85. On admission, it is necessary to know the vital signs of your patient:

a. It is a routine procedure in the hospital for baseline data
b. The physician will demand for this data
c. This reflects alteration in body function
d. All of these

86. Simultaneously, you took the pulse by using your:

a. Second and third fingers to note fullness, regularity and compressibility
b. Third and fourth finger to note volume, rhythm and tension
c. four fingers except the thumb to note volume, rhythm, tension
d. Either of the above is correct

87. During bed bathing, the face is cleaned by the midwife using:
a. Circular motion c) S motion
b. Long strokes d) Both A and B

88. When assisting the physician during physical examination, the midwife should:
a. Anticipate the doctor’s need.
b. Keep a jolly conversation with the patient
c. Ensure asepsis of procedure
d. Issue prescription medications to the patient
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89. Leopold’s maneuver was done by DR. REYES using mostly:

a. Palpation b) Inspection c) Auscultation d) Percussion

90. Constipation in pregnancy can be prevented by the following except:

a. Give food with sufficient bulk c) Increase fluid intake
b. Educate about physiologic elimination d) use of stool softener

91. The following are passive exercise EXCEPT:

a. Flexing the elbow c) closing and opening the fingers
b. Extending the toes d) Walking

92. Type of bed wherein the top sheet is even with the head of the mattress and not folded
back:
a. Closed bed
b. Anesthetic bed
c. Occupied bed
d. Open bed

93. Sterilization can be achieved by all of the following except:

a. Boiling c) Autoclaving
b. Hand washing d) Dry Heat

94. These are examples of clear liquid diet, EXCEPT:

a. Water b) Milk c) Broth d) Tea

95. The amount of sleep required of an average adult is:

a. 10-12 hrs. b) 6-10 hrs. c) 8-9 hrs. d) 12 hrs.

96. The effect of chest tapping is:

a. To dilate blood vessels c) To stimulate coughing
b. To loosen secretions d) To thicken the secretions

97. To prevent decubitus ulcer or pressure sores, a patient should change position
frequently every:
a. ½ hours b) 2 hours c) 1 hours d) 3 hours

98. All of the following are TRUE about pulse, EXCEPT:

a. Normal range is 80-100 beats per minute
b. A pulse rate above 140 beats per minute indicates tachycardia
c. Carotid artery is the best site for taking the pulse
d. To take the apical & radial pulse at the same time, 2 Midwives are needed

99. Hot water bag is indicated in the following, except:

a. Wound healing c) Relieve pain and congestion
b. Hastens suppuration d) Abdominal pain

100. Sim’s or semi-prone position is indicated for the following, except:

a. Digital examination of the rectum
b. Enema
c. Insertion of suppositories
d. Instrument examination by the rectum

101. Position assumed when the patient is placed on bed pan:

a. Lithotomy b) Supine c) Fowler’s d) Dorsal recumbent
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102. Retention enema which is used to soften feces and fecal material:
a. Emollient b) Stimulating c) Lubricating d) Diagnostic

103. Which of the following herbal plants is used to treat tinea flava and scabies?
a. Acapulco b) Ampalaya c) Tsaang gubat d) Sampaloc

104. The correct perineal care procedure on bed is:

a. Rotating motion c) Down-up technique
b. Sideward motion d) Up-down technique

105. The following diseases are caused by virus except:

a. AIDS b) Leprosy c) Hepatitis d) Measles

106. The following hormonal method of contraceptive does not interfere with
breastfeeding, except:
a. NET-EN B) DMPA c) POP d) COC

107. Which of the following is not a means to induce urination?

a. Catheterization
b. Massaging the hypogastrium slightly
c. Pouring alternate hot & cold water over vulva
d. Putting water in a bed pan

108. First aid for muscle strain is:

a. X-ray c) Rest & cold application
b. Immobilization d) Rest and warm application

109. Episiotomy wound is an example of:

a. Laceration wound
b. Punctured wound
c. Abrasion wound
d. Incised wound

110. Which of the following is a normal lung sound:

a. Vesicular b) Tympany c) Dull d) Murmur

111. Scissors in the lying-in clinic are sterilized by:

a. Boiling for 15 minutes c) Soaking in cidex solution
b. Exposing to sunlight d) Washing with antiseptic

112. Loss or injury caused to one person or property because of negligence is:
a. Damage c) Default
b. Injury d) Error

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