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Ibuprofen

Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to relieve pain, fever, and inflammation. It works by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, drowsiness, and dizziness. Serious potential side effects include gastrointestinal bleeding, renal impairment, and allergic reactions like anaphylaxis. Ibuprofen should be used cautiously in patients with cardiovascular or liver disease and during pregnancy.

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965 views

Ibuprofen

Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to relieve pain, fever, and inflammation. It works by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, drowsiness, and dizziness. Serious potential side effects include gastrointestinal bleeding, renal impairment, and allergic reactions like anaphylaxis. Ibuprofen should be used cautiously in patients with cardiovascular or liver disease and during pregnancy.

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api-3797941
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ibuprofen

(eye byoo' proe fen)


Actiprofen (CAN), Advil, Advil Liqui-Gels, Advil Migraine, Alti-Ibuprofen
(CAN), Apo-Ibuprofen (CAN), Children's Advil, Children's Motrin, Genpril,
Haltran, Infants' Motrin, Junior Strength Advil, Junior Strength Motrin,
Menadol, Midol, Midol Maximum Strength Cramp Formula, Motrin, Motrin
IB, Motrin Migraine Pain, Novo-Profen (CAN), Nuprin, PediaCare Fever,
Pediatric Advil Drops

Pregnancy Category B
Pregnancy Category D (third trimester)

Drug classes
NSAID
Analgesic (nonopioid)
Propionic acid derivative

Therapeutic actions
Anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities largely related to inhibition of
prostaglandin synthesis; exact mechanisms of action are not known. Inhibits both
cyclooxygenase (COX) 1 and 2. Ibuprofen is slightly more selective for COX-1.

Indications
• Relief of signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis
• Relief of mild to moderate pain
• Treatment of primary dysmenorrhea
• Fever reduction
• Unlabeled uses: Prophylactic for migraine; abortive treatment for migraine

Contraindications and cautions


• Contraindicated with allergy to ibuprofen, salicylates, or other NSAIDs (more
common in patients with rhinitis, asthma, chronic urticaria, nasal polyps).
• Use cautiously with CV dysfunction, hypertension; peptic ulceration, GI bleeding;
pregnancy; lactation; impaired hepatic or renal function.

Available forms
Tablets—100, 200, 400, 600, 800 mg; chewable tablets—50, 100 mg; capsules—200 mg;
suspension—100 mg/2.5 mL, 100 mg/5 mL; oral drops—40 mg/mL
Dosages
ADULTS
Do not exceed 3,200 mg/day.
• Mild to moderate pain: 400 mg q 4–6 hr PO.
• Osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis: 1,200–3,200 mg/day PO (300 mg qid or
400, 600, 800 mg tid or qid; individualize dosage. Therapeutic response may
occur in a few days, but often takes 2 wk).
• Primary dysmenorrhea: 400 mg q 4 hr PO.
• OTC use: 200–400 mg q 4–6 hr PO while symptoms persist; do not exceed
1,200 mg/day. Do not take for more than 10 days for pain or 3 days for fever,
unless so directed by health care provider.
PEDIATRIC PATIENTS
• Juvenile arthritis: 30–40 mg/kg/day PO in three to four divided doses;
20 mg/kg/day for milder disease.
• Fever (6 mo–12 yr): 5–10 mg/kg PO q 6–8 hr; do not exceed 40 mg/kg/day.

Pharmacokinetics
Route Onset Peak Duration
Oral 30 min 1–2 hr 4–6 hr

Metabolism: Hepatic; T1/2: 1.8–2.5 hr


Distribution: Crosses placenta; may enter breast milk
Excretion: Urine

Adverse effects
• CNS: Headache, dizziness, somnolence, insomnia, fatigue, tiredness, dizziness,
tinnitus, ophthalmologic effects
• CV: Hypertension, palpitations, arrhythmia
• Dermatologic: Rash, pruritus, sweating, dry mucous membranes, stomatitis
• GI: Nausea, dyspepsia, GI pain, diarrhea, vomiting, constipation, flatulence, GI
bleeding
• GU: Dysuria, renal impairment, menorrhagia
• Hematologic: Bleeding, platelet inhibition with higher doses, neutropenia,
eosinophilia, leukopenia, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis,
granulocytopenia, aplastic anemia, decreased Hgb or Hct, bone marrow
depression
• Respiratory: Dyspnea, hemoptysis, pharyngitis, bronchospasm, rhinitis
• Other: Peripheral edema, anaphylactoid reactions to anaphylactic shock

Interactions
Drug-drug
• Increased toxic effects of lithium with ibuprofen
• Decreased diuretic effect with loop diuretics—bumetanide, furosemide,
ethacrynic acid
• Potential decrease in antihypertensive effect of beta-adrenergic blocking agents
and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
• Increased risk of gastric ulceration with bisphosphates
• Increased risk of bleeding with anticoagulants

Nursing considerations
Assessment
• History: Allergy to ibuprofen, salicylates or other NSAIDs; CV dysfunction,
hypertension; peptic ulceration, GI bleeding; impaired hepatic or renal function;
pregnancy; lactation
• Physical: Skin color, lesions; T; orientation, reflexes, ophthalmologic evaluation,
audiometric evaluation, peripheral sensation; P, BP, edema; R, adventitious
sounds; liver evaluation, bowel sounds; CBC, clotting times, urinalysis, renal and
liver function tests, serum electrolytes, stool guaiac

Interventions
• Administer drug with food or after meals if GI upset occurs.
• Arrange for periodic ophthalmologic examination during long-term therapy.
• Discontinue drug if eye changes, symptoms of liver dysfunction, or renal
impairment occur.
• Institute emergency procedures if overdose occurs: Gastric lavage, induction of
emesis, supportive therapy.

Teaching points
• Use drug only as suggested; avoid overdose. Take the drug with food or after
meals if GI upset occurs. Do not exceed the prescribed dosage.
• Avoid over-the-counter drugs. Many of these drugs contain similar medications,
and serious overdosage can occur.
• These side effects may occur: Nausea, GI upset, dyspepsia (take drug with food);
diarrhea or constipation; drowsiness, dizziness, vertigo, insomnia (use caution
when driving or operating dangerous machinery).
• Report sore throat, fever, rash, itching, weight gain, swelling in ankles or fingers,
changes in vision, black or tarry stools.

Adverse effects in Italic are most common; those in Bold are life-threatening.

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