PHYMATH SOLUTIONS

Madipakkam,chennai - 91

Equilibrium
CLASS 11 - CHEMISTRY

Time Allowed : 90 mins Maximum Marks : 50

Section A b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct expla-
nation of A.
1) The rates of transfer of molecules from ice into water and c) A is true but R is false.
of reverse transfer from water into the ice are equal at at- d) A is false but R is true.
mospheric pressure and 273 K. Both the processes occur
simultaneously and at the same rate so that the amount of 8) Assertion (A): For the reaction, N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) ⇀
↽ 2NH3 (g)
ice and water remains constant. This process is called . Kp is not equal to KC .
[1] Reason (R): Concentration of gaseous reactants and products
is taken as unity.
a) Dynamic equilibrium [1]
b) Liquid - Vapour Equilibrium
c) Ionic equilibrium a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
d) Liquid - Gas Equilibrium of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct expla-
2) In the dynamic equilibrium stage, one of the following events nation of A.
takes place? c) A is true but R is false.
Choose the right one: d) A is false but R is true.
[1]
9) H2 O(l) ⇀
↽ H2 O (vap). This equation best illustrates the .
a) The concentrations of the reactants are decreased. [1]
b) The concentrations of the products are increased.
c) Rates of the forward reaction is faster. a) Liquid - solid Equilibrium
d) No change in the concentrations of either of the reactants b) Ionic equilibrium
or products. c) Liquid - Vapour Equilibrium
d) Solid - gas Equilibrium
3) For reactions involving gases, however, it is usually more
convenient to express the equilibrium constant in terms of 10) Consider the following gaseous equilibria with equilibrium
[1] constants k1 and k2 respectively.
↽ SO3(g)
SO2(g) + 21 O2(g) ⇀
a) Molar concentration of the reactants 2SO3(g) ⇀↽ 2SO2(g) + O2(g)
b) Partial pressure The equilibrium constants are related as .
c) Temperature [1]
d) Molar concentration of the products
a) K2 = K 212
4) What will be the correct order of vapour pressure of wa-
b) 2K1 = K 22
ter, acetone and ether At30◦ C . Given that among these
c) K 22 = K11
compounds, water has maximum boiling point and ether has
minimum boiling point? d) K 12 = K12
[1] 11) Which of the following reactions is correct regarding homo-
a) Water < acetone < ether geneous equilibria?
b) Acetone < ether < water [1]
c) Water < ether < acetone a) Fe3+ (aq) + SCN - (aq) ⇀
↽ [Fe(SCN)]2+ (aq)
d) Ether < acetone < water b) CH3 COOC2 H5 (aq) + H2 O(l) ⇀ ↽ CH3 COOH(aq) +
5) For liquid⇀
↽ vapour equilibrium, at a given temperature, the C2 H5 OH(aq)
constant is . c) N2 (g) + 3H2 ( g ) ⇀
↽ 2NH3 (g)
[1] d) All of these
a) Mass of a gas b) Mass of a solvent 12) A tank is full of water. Water is coming in as well as going
c) Vapour pressure d) Solubility out at same rate. What will happen to level of water in a
6) A particular ratio of product to reactant helps in predicting tank ? What is name given to such state?
the direction in which a given reaction will proceed at any [1]
stage is called . 13) Define dynamic equilibrium.
[1] [1]
a) Molecular constant b) Equilibrium constant 14) Write the chemical equation for the following chemical con-
c) Reaction quotient d) Active mass constant stant :Kc = [H[HI]2
2 ][I2 ]
[1]
7) Assertion (A): When ice and water are kept in a perfectly
insulated thermos flask at 273 K and the atmospheric pres- Section B
sure, there is no change in mass of ice and water.
Reason (R): The system is in static equilibrium 15) State True or False: [2]
[1] (a) The equilibrium state can be attained from both sides
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of the chemical reaction.
of A. [1]
 (b) When the equilibrium is attained, the concentration of Section D
each of the reactants and products becomes equal.
[1] Question No. 25 to 28 are based on the given text. Read
the text carefully and answer the questions:
16) Fill in the blanks: [2]
For the following reaction,
(a) reactions never go to completion. N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) ⇀ ↽ 2NH3 (g); ∆H = - 22.4 kcal; the
[1] favourable conditions are
(b) At equilibrium stage, the rate of forward reaction is i. High concentration of N2 and H2 .
to the rate of backward reaction. ii. High pressure (as∆ng = - 2).
[1] iii. Low temperature (as the reaction is exothermic).
17) Match the following equilibria with the corresponding condi- Although the low temperature favour the formation of NH3 ,
tion: yet an optimum temperature is set, as the rate of reaction
(a) Liquid⇀
↽ (i) Saturated is very slow at low temperature. A temperature of 500o C
Vapour solution is selected and a pressure of 200 atm is applied in practice.
(b) Solid⇀
↽ (ii) Boiling point [4]
Liquid 25) What is the expression of equilibrium constant for synthesis
(c) Solid⇀
↽ (iii) Sublimation of NH3 ?
Vapour point 26) What happens to the yield of ammonia produced when the
pressure is increased?
(d) Solute (s)⇀
↽ (iv) Melting point 27) Which substance is used as a catalyst promoter in the syn-
Solute (solution) thesis of ammonia?
(v) Unsaturated 28) In the reaction,
solution N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) ⇀↽ 2NH3 (g)
Which side equilibrium is shifted when we increase the pres-
sure of the system?
[2]
18) Mention the general characteristics of equilibria involving Section E
physical processes.
[2] Question No. 29 to 33 are based on the given text. Read
19) When the total number of moles of product and reactants are the text carefully and answer the questions:
equal, K has no unit. Give reason. For the following reaction,
[2] N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) ⇀ ↽ 2NH3 (g); ∆H = - 22.4 kcal; the
20) The equilibrium constant expression for a gas reaction is, favourable conditions are
Kc = [N [N H3 ]4 [O2 ]5 i. High concentration of N2 and H2 .
O]4 [H2 O]6 ii. High pressure (as∆ng = - 2).
Write the balanced chemical equation corresponding to this
iii. Low temperature (as the reaction is exothermic).
expression.
Although the low temperature favour the formation of NH3 ,
[2]
yet an optimum temperature is set, as the rate of reaction
21) Which of the following reactions involve homogeneous equi-
is very slow at low temperature. A temperature of 500o C
librium and which ones involve heterogeneous equilibrium?
is selected and a pressure of 200 atm is applied in practice.
i. 2N2 O(g) ⇀ ↽ 2N2 (g) + O2 (g)
[5]
ii. 2NH3 (g) ⇀ ↽ N2 (g) + 3H2 (g)
29) What is the expression of equilibrium constant for synthesis
iii. 2Cu(NO3 )2 (s) ⇀ ↽ 2CuO(s) + 4NO2 (g) + O2 (g)
of NH3 .
iv. CaCO3 (s) ⇀ ↽ CaO(s) + CO2 {g)
v. Fe3+ (aq) + 3OH - (aq) ⇀ ↽ Fe(OH)3 (s) a) [NH3 ]2
[ N2 ][H2 ]3
[2]
22) The value of Kc for the reaction 3O2 (g) ⇀ ↽ 2O3 (g) is b) [H2 ]3
[NH3 ]
2.0 × 10−50 at 25°C. If equilibrium concentration of O2 in c) [NH3 ]2
[ N2 ]
air at 25°C is 1.6 × 10−2 , what is the concentration of O3 ?
d) [N2 ]2
[2] [H2 ]

Section C 30) What happens to the yield of ammonia produced when the
pressure is increased?
23) A liquid is in equilibrium with its vapours in a sealed con-
tainer at a fixed temperature. The volume of the container a) Increases
is suddenly increased. b) Remain constant
i. What is the initial effect of the change on the vapour c) Decreases
pressure? d) Increases and then decreases
ii. How do the rates of evaporation and condensation change 31) Which substance is used as a catalyst promoter in the syn-
initially? thesis of ammonia?
iii. What happens when equilibrium is restored finally and a) Mn b) Fe
what will be the final vapour pressure? c) Cr d) Cu
[3]
32) In the reaction,
24) The reactionCO(g) + 3H2 (g) ⇀ ↽ CH4 (g) + H2 O(g) is at
N2(g) + 3H2 (g) ⇀↽ 2NH3 (g)
equilibrium at 1300 K in a 1L flask. It also contain 0.30
Which side equilibrium is shifted when we increase the pres-
mol of CO, 0.10 mol of H2 and 0.02 mol of H2 O and an
sure of the system?
unknown amount of CH4 in the flask. Determine the con-
centration of CH4 in the mixture. The equilibrium constant, a) Right
Kc for the reaction at the given temperature is 3.90. b) Left
[3] c) First toward right and then left
 d) No change of the following reactions:
33) Formation of ammonia is a gaseous phase reaction taking i. 2NOCl (g)⇀↽ 2NO (g) + Cl2 (g)
place in 1 L flask at 127o C. If starting with 1 mole N2 ii. 2Cu(NO3 )2 (s) ⇀
↽ 2CuO (s) + 4NO2 (g) + O2 (g)
and 3 moles H2, equilibrium mixture requires 500 mL of 1 iii. CH3 COOC2 H5 (aq) + H2 O(l) ⇀
↽ CH3 COOH (aq) +
MHCl. Than Kc is C2 H5 OH (aq)
a) 0.04 b) 0.03 iv. Fe3+ (aq) + 3OH– (aq) ⇀ ↽ Fe(OH)3 (s)
c) 0.3 d) 0.4 v. I2 (s) + 5F2 ⇀ ↽ 2IF 5
[5]
34) Write the expression for the equilibrium constant, Kc for each