EMDEC

Operating &
Troubleshooting
Guide

Electro-Motive
Diesel Engine
Control

N00012EP

Second Edition - August 2003

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide i

ii Electro-Motive Service Publication
 Acknowledgments

The EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide has been prepared

for use by qualified personnel engaged in the maintenance and repair of
electronic fuel injection systems on Electro-Motive diesel engines.

Always refer to the correct electrical schematic for the specific application.

NOTE:
To ensure compliance with emission standards and warranty
conditions, use only by O.E.M. certified replacement pads. Consult
the appropriate Service Parts Catalogue for the application.

This publication was produced and illustrated for GM Electro-Motive

Division by International Technical Services, 400 Queens Avenue., London
ON Canada N6B 1X9. Tel. (519) 439-2362 Fax. (519) 675-1868.

Copyright, August, 2003.

The content of this document is the property of General Motors Locomotive
Group. All rights reserved. Neither this document, nor any part thereof, may be
re-produced or stored by any means without the expressed written consent of
General Motors Locomotive Group. Contact General Motors Locomotive
Group Customer Publications Office, LaGrange, IL, USA 60525
EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide iii
iv Electro-Motive Service Publication
 Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction and System Development

1.1 INTRODUCTION ....................................... 1

1.2 REASONS FOR DEVELOPMENT
OF EMDEC ............................................... 1
1.3 EMDEC COMPONENTS ........................... 2
1.3.1 Engine Control Modules (ECM’s) .......... 3
1.3.2 Electronic Fuel Injectors (Two-stroke) .... 3
1.3.3 Electronic Fuel Pumps & Injectors
(Four-stroke) ............................................ 3
1.3.4 Sensors .................................................... 4
1.3.5 Power Supply & Interface Module ......... 4
1.3.6 CONCLUSION .......................................... 4
1.3.7 EMDEC GLOSSARY OF TERMS ................. 4

Chapter 2 EUI Fuel Delivery System

2.1 INTRODUCTION ....................................... 7

2.2 THE EUI FUEL SUPPLY SYSTEM ................... 7
2.2.1 Suction Strainer ...................................... 9
2.2.2 Fuel Pump ............................................... 9
2.2.3 Fuel Preheater & Primary Fuel Filters ... 10
2.2.4 Fuel Block ............................................. 11
2.2.5 Secondary Fuel Filter Manifolds .......... 12
2.2.6 Fuel Injectors ........................................ 15
2.2.7 Return Flow .......................................... 16
2.2.8 Check Valve ........................................ 16
2.3 16V-265H ENGINE FUEL
SUPPLY SYSTEM ..................................... 17
2.3.1 Fuel Tank .............................................. 17
2.3.2 Suction Strainer ................................... 17
2.3.3 Fuel Pump ............................................ 17
2.3.4 Fuel Filter .............................................. 19
2.3.5 Fuel Distribution Block ......................... 19
2.3.6 Injection Pumps ................................... 19

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide v

Chapter 3 Electronic Injection Equipment -
Fuel Components

3.1 INTRODUCTION .................................... 21

3.2 710 SERIES ELECTRONIC
UNIT INJECTOR ..................................... 21
3.2.1 Control Portion (Solenoid) .................. 23
3.2.2 Armature .............................................. 23
3.2.3 Hollow Poppet Valve ........................... 23
3.2.4 High Pressure Pump Portion ................ 24
3.2.5 Injector Portion .................................... 24
3.2.6 Fuel Flow Through The EUI ................... 24
3.2.7 Operation Of The EUI ........................... 26
3.2.7.1 Start Of Injection .................................. 27
3.2.7.2 Piston Rises In Cylinder ........................ 28
3.2.7.3 Fueling Decisions ................................. 28
3.2.7.4 Injection ............................................... 28
3.2.7.5 Bleeder Passages ................................ 30
3.2.7.6 End Of Injection ................................... 30
3.2.7.7 Injector Feedback To
The EMC (Response Time) .................. 31
3.2.7.8 Injector Response Time ....................... 32
3.3 H SERIES ELECTRONIC
INJECTION EQUIPMENT ........................ 32
3.3.1 Pump Operation .................................. 33
3.3.1.1 Start Of Injection Sequence ............... 33
3.3.1.2 End Of Injection Sequence ................ 33
3.4 INJECTOR OPERATION ......................... 34
3.5 BLEED OR LEAK OFF LINE ...................... 34

vi Electro-Motive Service Publication

Chapter 4 EMDEC Electronic Components & Operation

4.1 INTRODUCTION .................................... 37

4.2 ENGINE CONTROL
MODULES (ECM’S) .............................. 39
4.2.1 Arrangement ...................................... 40
4.3 POWER SUPPLY .................................... 42
4.4 INTERFACE MODULE ............................ 44
4.5 SPEED CONTROL ................................. 45
4.5.1 Speed Control - One-Way Serial
Link (Locomotive Application) .......... 45
4.5.2 Speed Control - Two-Way Serial
Link (Locomotive Application) .......... 46
4.5.3 Speed Control (Marine
Application) ........................................ 46
4.5.4 Speed Control (Power
Generation) ........................................ 46
4.6 SENSORS .............................................. 49
4.6.1 System Sensors ................................... 50
4.6.1.1 System Sensor Mounting
Arrangements - 710 Series ................. 51
4.6.1.2 System Sensor Mounting
Arrangements - H Series ..................... 52
4.6.1.3 Synchronous Reference Sensor ......... 53
4.6.1.4 Timing Reference Sensor .................... 53
4.6.2 Performance Sensors ......................... 54
4.6.2.1 Turbo Boost Sensor (TBS) .................... 56
4.6.2.2 Air Temperature Sensor ...................... 58
4.6.2.3 Fuel Temperature Sensor ................... 60
4.6.2.4 Fuel Pressure Sensor ........................... 61
4.6.3 Protective Sensors ............................... 63
4.6.3.1 Oil Pressure Sensor ............................. 65
4.6.3.2 Oil Temperature Sensor ...................... 66
4.6.3.3 Coolant Pressure Sensors ................... 67
4.6.3.4 Crankcase Pressure
Detector (CCP) ................................... 68
4.6.3.5 Crankcase Pressure Sensor ............... 69

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide vii

Chapter 5 Load Control

5.1 INTRODUCTION .................................... 71

5.2 FUEL MAP ............................................. 73
5.3 CONTROLLING ENGINE SPEED ............ 74
5.4 % ALLOWABLE TORQUE SIGNAL .......... 76

Chapter 6 Diagnostic Tools

6.1 INTRODUCTION .................................... 76

6.2 WINEMMON & PC READER
(DIAGNOSTICS WITH A LAPTOP PC) ... 80
6.2.1 Using The WinEMMON
Or The PC Reader Kit .......................... 81
6.2.2 Loading WinEMMON Software On
To A Laptop Computer ......................... 82
6.2.3 Loading The PC Reader
On To A Laptop Computer ................ 84
6.2.3.1 To Edit The EMMON Command File .. 85
6.2.3.2 Connecting the WinEMMON
And The PC Reader to EMDEC .......... 85
6.2.3.3 Access Ports ........................................ 86
6.2.4 Utilizing WinEMMON & The PC
Reader Program ................................... 87
6.2.5 WinEMMON Main Screen ................... 89
6.2.5.1 ECM Data ............................................ 96
6.2.5.2 Secondary Data ................................... 97
6.2.5.3 Monitor Screen ................................... 99
6.2.5.4 Saving Data ...................................... 101
6.2.6 Diagnostics ......................................... 102
6.2.6.1 Understanding The Fault Screen ..... 103
6.2.6.2 Selecting The Fault Source .............. 103
6.2.6.3 Saving Fault Data ............................... 104
6.2.6.4 Clearing Faults .................................. 104
6.2.7 Using The Download Wizard ............ 105
6.2.8 Injector Screens .................................. 109

viii Electro-Motive Service Publication

Chapter 6 6.2.8.1 Injector Rise Time .............................. 110
cont’d 6.2.8.2 Injector Calibration .......................... 110
6.2.8.3 Calibration Process ............................. 111
6.2.8.4 Injector Cut Out ................................ 112
6.2.8.5 Pulse Width ........................................ 113
6.2.9 Bus Monitor ......................................... 114
6.2.10 Miscellaneous Screen ...................... 118
6.2.11 Help ................................................... 122
6.2.11.1 Help Topics ........................................ 124
6.2.11.2 Faults ................................................... 129
6.3.1 PC Reader Main Screen ...................... 135
6.3.1.1 ECM Data Boxes ............................... 135
6.3.1.2 Engine Parameter Data Box ............ 136
6.3.1.3 Editing The Main Screen .................. 139
6.3.1.4 Injector Response Time ....................... 141
6.3.1.5 Using The Injector Screen ................ 141
6.3.1.6 Fault Data ......................................... 142
6.3.2 Using The Diagnostics Screen .......... 143
6.3.2.1 To View The Faults ............................... 144
6.3.2.2 To Save Archived Faults To A
File (EMDEC Fault Download) .......... 144
6.3.3 Using The Download Function ............ 145
6.3.4 Using The Sensor A/D
Value Screen .................................... 154
6.3.5 Using The Digital I/O Pins ................. 155
6.3.6 Other PC Reader Functions ................. 156
6.3.6.1 Injector Calibration Procedure ........ 156
6.3.6.2 Calibration Process .......................... 157
6.3.7 Entering The Injector Calibration
Codes ................................................. 158
6.3.7.1 Checking Individual Injectors
Using The EMDEC PC Reader
Cylinder Cutout Feature ...................... 159
6.3.7.2 Software Download Procedure ............ 160
6.4 THE ANNUNCIATOR PANEL ................... 161
6.4.1 Fault Indicating Lights (LED’s) ............... 161
6.4.1.2 Hot Oil Temp Light ................................ 162
6.4.1.3 Low Oil Pressure Light ........................... 162

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide ix

Chapter 6 6.4.1.4 Low Water Pressure Light ...................... 162
cont’d 6.4.1.5 Crankcase pressure Light .................... 163
6.4.1.6 System Reset ........................................ 163
6.4.1.7 Engine Diagnostic Lights ...................... 164
6.4.1.8 Stop Engine Light (SEL) ........................ 164
6.4.1.9 Check Engine Light (CEL) .................... 165
6.4.1.10 Fuel Injection Switch ............................ 165
6.4.1.11 System Ready Light .............................. 166
6.4.1.12 Code/Test Switch ................................ 167
6.4.2 Reading Diagnostic Codes
- Flash Method ..................................... 167
6.4.3 EMDEC Diagnostic Codes ................... 169

Chapter 7 Maintenance Procedures

7.1 EMDEC Injector Change-Out And

Setting Procedures .............................. 175
7.1.1 Change-out And Setting
Procedures For 710 Series Electronic
Unit Injectors (Including Timing
Procedures) ...................................... 175
7.1.1.1 Removing Existing Injectors
From Engine ...................................... 175
7.1.1.2 Installing New Injectors In Engine .... 176
7.1.1.3 Timing The Electronic Unit Injectors . 179
7.1.2 Change-out Procedure For H
Series EMDEC Fuel Pumps
And Injector Nozzels ......................... 180
7.1.2.1 Change-Out Of Injection Nozzels .... 180
7.1.2.2 Change-Out Of Injection Pumps ..... 184
7.2 TRS/SRS BRACKET APPLICATION
AND ADJUSTMENT ............................. 189
7.2.1 Checking The Sensor Airgaps ......... 189
7.2.2 Replacing The TRS/SRS Bracket ....... 190
7.3 70/80/90 MAC “Platform Style”
Fuel System Check Valve
Removal Instructions ........................ 194

x Electro-Motive Service Publication

Chapter 7 7.3.1 Instructions For Engines With
Filters Mounted On Front Right
cont’d
Corner Of Engine - 40 PSI Valve ....... 194
7.3.2 Instructions Fro Engines With
Filters Mounted On Right Front
Corner Of Engine - 120 PSI
Check Valve ..................................... 195
7.3.3 Instructions For Engines With
Center Mounted Filters -
120 PSI or 40 PSI Check Valve .......... 198
7.4 REPLACING EMDEC TERMINALS ........ 200
7.4.1 Airbox Pressure (MAP) Sensor .......... 200
7.4.2 Engine Protector ............................... 201
7.4.3 Remaining Sensors And All
Connectors Into The ECM ................ 202
7.4.4 Power And Sensor Harness
Connectors At AC Cabinet -
12 Cylinder Engines .......................... 203
7.4.5 Sensor Harness Connector At
AC Cabinet - 16 Cylinder Engines ... 204
7.4.6 Power Harness Connector At AC
Cabinet - 16 Cylinder Engines ......... 205
7.4.7 Pig-Tail Temperature Sensor Plug .... 205
7.4.8 AMP Plugs At Power Supply
And Interface Board ......................... 206

Chapter 8 Troubleshooting

8.1 INTRODUCTION .................................. 209

8.2 GENERAL ENGINE
TROUBLESHOOTING ........................... 210
8.2.1 Engine Cranks - Won’t Start ............. 210
8.2.1.1 Check Switch Positions ....................... 210
8.2.1.2 Check Power Into EMDEC ................ 210
8.2.1.3 Check Battery Voltage ..................... 210
8.2.1.4 Check Fuel Pump Operation ........... 211
8.2.1.5 Check Magnetic Pickups (TRS/SRS) .... 211
8.2.1.6 Check For Active Communication
Failures ............................................... 212

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide xi

Chapter 8 8.2.1.7 Check Plug Connections ................. 212
con’d 8.2.1.8 Check For Injector/Sensor
Harness Grounds .............................. 212
8.2.1.9 Check Turbocharger ........................ 213
8.2.1.10 Replace ECM Module ...................... 213
8.2.2 Unit Not making Horsepower ........... 214
8.2.2.1 Check For EngineR Value ................ 214
8.2.2.2 Check The Individual Injector
Response Time .................................. 214
8.2.2.3 Check The Inlet Fuel Pressure .......... 215
8.2.2.4 Check Plug Connections ................. 216
8.2.2.5 Check The Airbox Sensor
(MAP Sensor) .................................... 216
8.2.2.6 Check The Injectors .......................... 217
8.2.3 Unit Loading At 90% .......................... 217
8.2.3.1 Check For EMDEC
Communication Faults ..................... 217
8.2.4 Throttle Request Problems ................ 219
8.2.4.1 Check The EM2000 ........................... 219
8.2.4.2 Check The Connections At The
Interface Board ................................. 219
8.2.5 Protective Engine Shutdown ............ 221
8.2.5.1 Protective Engine Shutdown -
Crankcase Pressure .......................... 221
8.2.5.2 Protective Engine Shutdown -
Coolant Pressure .............................. 222
8.2.5.3 Protective Engine Shutdown -
Oil Pressure ........................................ 223
8.2.5.4 Protective Engine Shutdown -
Oil Temperature ................................ 227
8.3 TROUBLESHOOTING EMDEC
POWER SUPPLY .................................. 229
8.3.1 No Lights On 24V Power Supply
In AC Cabinet ................................... 229
8.3.2 Red Light Glows On 24V Power
Supply In AC Cabinet ....................... 229

xii Electro-Motive Service Publication

Chapter 8 8.4 EMDEC WIRING VISUAL INSPECTION 231
con’d 8.4.1 Open Circuit ..................................... 231
8.4.2 Short Circuit ...................................... 231
8.5 TROUBLESHOOTING TRS & SRS .......... 232
8.5.1 Troubleshooting The TRS/SRS
Sensor Circuit .................................... 232
8.6 TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR
CIRCUITS ............................................ 234
8.6.1 General Information ......................... 234
8.6.2 Troubleshooting The Crankcase
Pressure Detector Circuit
Switch Output ................................... 235
8.6.3 Troubleshooting The Analog
Crankcase Pressure Sensor
Circuit (Analog Output) ................... 235
8.6.4 Troubleshooting The Coolant
Pressure Circuit ................................. 242
8.6.5 Troubleshooting The Coolant
Pressure Circuit ................................. 245
8.6.6 Troubleshooting The Oil Pressure
Circuit ................................................ 248
8.6.7 Troubleshooting The Oil
Pressure Circuit ................................. 251
8.6.8 Troubleshooting The Oil
Temperature Sensor Circuit ............. 253
8.7 TROUBLESHOOTING THE TWO-WAY
SERIAL LINK ........................................ 255
8.8 TROUBLESHOOTING EMDEC
ANNUNCIATOR PANEL (70/75
SERIES) ............................................... 258
8.8.1 No Lights Illuminated On The
Annunciator Panel ........................... 258
8.9 TROUBLESHOOTING THE 710
SERIES SENSOR BOX .......................... 260
8.10 TROUBLESHOOTING FLOWCHARTS ... 262
8.10.1 Fault Code 994 ................................. 262
8.10.2 Fault Code 996 ................................. 265
8.10.3 Fault Code 997 ................................. 268

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide xiii

Chapter 8 8.10.4 Fault Code 998 ................................. 271
con’d 8.10.5 Fault Code Generic .......................... 274
8.10.6 710 Engine Starting Problems .......... 282
8.11 EMDEC TROUBLESHOOTING
QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE ................. 293

Appendix A System References Component

Locator Charts

A.1 EMDEC QUICK LOCATOR CHART ..... 299

Appendix B EM2000 EMDEC Signal Acronyms

B.1 EM2000 EMDEC SIGNAL

ACRONYMS ....................................... 307
B.2 EMDEC ACRONYMS .......................... 312

Appendix C System References

C.1 ELECTRICAL HARNESS &

CONNECTIONS .................................. 315

Appendix D Recommended Tools And Reference

Material .................................................... 345

Appendix E Sensor Application Chart ......................... 349

xiv Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Introduction &
System Overview
1.1 This manual has been prepared for personnel involved
INTRODUCTION in the maintenance and repair of the General Motors
EMDEC (Electro-Motive Diesel Engine Control)
fuel injection system. This electronically-controlled
fuel delivery system is currently available for the 710
series, and 265H series diesel engines, and as a retrofit 1
to appropriate older engines. EMDEC is applicable to
rail, power, marine, and industrial applications.

This text is intended to provide a solid workable

knowledge of the basic EMDEC system, its
components, operation, and troubleshooting.

Due to the significant variations between equipment

applications, the system used in this presentation
reflects a basic configuration. Always refer to the
correct Engine Maintenance Manual (EMM), and
wiring schematic for specific service data.

EMDEC system diagnostics may be performed using

a laptop computer with a diagnostic program called
“WIN-EMMON”, and in some locomotive
applications, by using the EM2000 control computer.
This text will illustrate diagnostic techniques for both
situations.

1.2 The EMDEC system was developed to allow for a

REASONS FOR number of improvements in engine performance.
DEVELOPMENT Electronic control of a fuel injection system aids in
OF EMDEC improved fuel economy, and a reduction in certain
types of exhaust emissions. This is made possible by
the system’s ability to sense changes in engine or
ambient conditions, and adjust fuel delivery rates and
injection timing to compensate.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 1

 An additional benefit is the ease with which the system
can be modified. By altering the programming within
the control modules, the same physical components
can be used on different engines, or for different
performance ratings.

1.3 The EMDEC system consists of several main

EMDEC components that are common between most engine
COMPONENTS applications. These components will be examined in
detail later in the text. A brief description follows.

ECM’s

INJECTORS

SENSORS

Figure 1.1 EMDEC Main

Components.

1.3.1 The Engine Control Modules perform all the functions

Engine Control of the Woodward governor such as injection control and
Modules engine protection. They are self-contained
(ECM’s) microprocessors, individually programmed for a specific
application. Through internal wiring harnesses they are
connected to the injectors and various sensors. “Cold
Plates” which use return fuel to stabilize the temperature
of the units, are attached to the front face of the ECM’s

2 Electro-Motive Service Publication

1.3.2 EMDEC equipped two-stroke EMD engines use
Electronic Unit electronically-controlled unit injectors. The injectors
Injectors are fitted to the cylinder heads in a similar manner to
(Two-Stroke) the mechanical style. However, instead of a mechanical
linkage, a wiring harness connects each injector to its
controlling ECM.

Figure 1.2 EUI Injector.

1.3.3 Unlike the unitized injector on the 710 series of

Electronic Fuel engines, the 16V265H engines are currently equipped
Pumps & with separate fuel pump and injector (nozzle)
Injectors assemblies for each cylinder. Although separate
(Four-Stroke) components, they function in a manner identical to the
unitized assembly. Bosch manufactures the four-stroke
injection equipment to EMD specifications. Like other
EMDEC applications, all fuel pumps are connected to
the controlling ECM by an electrical harness.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 3

1.3.4 EMDEC uses various sensors to determine crankshaft
Sensors speed and position, system pressures, and temperatures.
The sensors are connected to the ECM’s by means of
external wiring harnesses .

1.3.5 The 24 volt power supply and interface module

Power Supply converts control system voltage into a stable 24
& Interface volts, as required by the EMDEC components.
Module
In addition, the interface module allows for
communication between the injection system and the
control system. Speed inputs for example, are converted
from the solenoid commands found on a Woodward
governor, into RPM requests that are understood by the
EMDEC system.

1.3.6 EMDEC is by no means a finished system. As

Conclusion system and performance requirements change, the
components and programming are being refined
to better meet the needs of our customers. Older
applications are upgraded to reflect the changes
and maintain commonality of components.

4 Electro-Motive Service Publication

1.3.7 ECM Engine Control Module.
EMDEC
Glossary Of EM2000 Locomotive control computer.
Terms
EMDEC Electro-Motive Diesel Engine
Control.

Engine Ratio Expression of amount of fuel being

consumed as a percentage of total
1
available fuel at a given engine
speed.

Engine_R Engine ratio as seen on the EM2000

computer.

EUI Electronic Unit Injector

MUI Mechanical Unit Injector

Pulse Width Duration of an injection sequence,

measured in degrees of crankshaft
rotation.

SRS Synchronous Reference Sensor, used

for timing and speed signal.

TRS Timing Reference Sensor, used for

timing and speed signal.

PID Parameter ID.

SID System ID.

MID Message ID.

EHC Engine Harness Connector.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 5

 Notes:

6 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 EUI Fuel Supply
System
2.1 In operation, the basic fuel supply systems used with
INTRODUCTION EMDEC-equipped engines function similar to MUI
equipped systems. Major differences include filtration,
fuel pressures, and fuel volume. This section of the text
will trace the fuel flow through two typical systems,
those applied to typical 710 applications, and as applied
to the 6000 HP 265H application. Due to the
differences between equipment, always refer to the
specific service publications for your applications.
2
2.2 The function of the fuel supply system is to provide the
THE 710 TYPE injectors with a supply of filtered fuel in quantity, and
FUEL SUPPLY at pressures adequate to ensure proper performance.
SYSTEM Figure 2.1 on the following page shows the basic system
as configured for a typical 710 engine locomotive
application.

NOTE:
Before performing maintenance or diagnostics on the
fuel system, ensure that the proper system schematic is
available for reference.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 7

8
fuel pressure
sensor cold electronic
plate control
relief valve 40 psi. modules
(takes place of return sight glass)

platform / core
elements

fuel out
fuel
-----------------------
fuel
temperature pressure
sensor sensor bypass valve 30 psi.

engine electronic unit injectors

fuel in

secondary fuel primary

710 Type
filters 5 µ (spin-on) fuel
filter 13 µ engine jacket
water

relief valve 120 psi.

(takes place of bypass sight glass) fuel preheater

-------------------
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - --
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -vent

Figure 2.1 710 Type EUI Fuel System.

thermostatic
electrically modulating
suction strainer driven valve
600 µ pump

fuel tank

----------------
----------------------------------

Electro-Motive Service Publication

-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
2.2.1 As in the MUI system, fuel is pulled from the fuel tank
Suction Strainer through a suction
strainer by the
fuel pump. This
strainer, mounted
on the equipment
rack (figure 2.2)
protects the fuel
pump from any
large debris
contained in the
tank. 2
Figure 2.2 Suction Strainer.

2.2.2 The fuel pump (figure 2.3) is typically mounted on

Fuel Pump the equipment rack. The pump has been increased in
capacity over MUI systems, with output between 5.5
and 8 GPM depending on the application. While still
supplied with 74 VDC from the control system, the
motor carries its own inverter pack, and operates on
AC to eliminate brush and commutator maintenance.

Figure 2.3 Fuel Pump.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 9

2.2.3 Most EUI systems are equipped with a fuel preheater
Fuel Preheater and thermostatic modulating or AMOT valve (figure
& Primary Fuel 2.4). Inlet fuel temperature is monitored by this valve,
Filters which has a setting of 96˚ F. Should fuel temperature
drop below the nominal setting, fuel will be directed
through the fuel preheater where it is warmed by
engine cooling water.

Fuel next flows to the 13 micron primary fuel filters

(figure 2.4). These filters are equipped with a bypass
valve that will allow fuel to flow around the filters to
the engine, if the filters plug. Should the filters begin
to plug, the pressure will increase in the line between
the primary filters and the fuel pump.

PRIMARY
FUEL FILTERS

FUEL
PREHEATER

Figure 2.4 Fuel Preheater and Primary Fuel Filters.

10 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 The bypass begins to open (crack) at 25 psi, and is fully
open at 30 psi. Any impurities in the fuel will be trapped
by the secondary filters which will quickly plug.

On certain EUI applications, pressure transducers have

been added to the filter inlet and outlet lines, connected
to the control system. Should the pressure differential
across the primary filters exceed 25 psi, the control
system will indicate a plugged filter condition.

2.2.4 From the primary filters, fuel now travels to a fuel block 2
Fuel Block at the bottom right front of the engine from which 3
steel tubes (or flexible hoses on some applications) run
vertically up to the Secondary Spinon Fuel Filter
Manifold. This fuel block feeds fuel to the Spin-on Fuel
Filter Manifold and receives return fuel from the
engine. The 3 fuel lines coming from the block are:

- the return to the fuel tank (closest to

the engine),
- the fuel supply (middle line), and
- the filter bypass fuel return to fuel tank
(third line).

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 11

2.2.5 Next the fuel enters the Spin-on Secondary Fuel Filter
Secondary Manifold. Depending on the application, this
Fuel Filter manifold may be:
Manifolds
• mounted on the right front corner of the
engine (figure 2.5a),

• mounted on the front center of the engine

(figure 2.5b),

Figure 2.5a Sight Glass Equipped.

12 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 2

Figure 2.5b Front Mounted Filters.

NOTE:
Due to the increased fuel pressure and risk of fuel
leaks at this location, the sight glasses have been
eliminated on later EMDEC applications.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 13

 Regardless of the mounting application, internal
porting within the manifold allows the fuel to flow to
the cracking side of the high pressure filter bypass
valve, and both spin on secondary filters. Bypass valve
is located internally in the housings without sight
glasses. On EUI applications, these filters have a 5
micron rating. The element size has been increased
from previous systems to allow a greater fuel flow rate.
Fuel pressure is monitored by EMDEC at this point,
by means of a pressure transducer located in the upper
left-hand portion of the manifold, when facing the
front of the engine.

NOTE:
If the primary fuel filters are bypassing, the Secondary
Spin-ons will quickly plug up. Back pressure between the
secondary filters and the fuel pump will rise, causing the
high pressure bypass valve to open. Fuel will flow
through the high pressure bypass valve and from there
back to the fuel tank. Unlike the primary bypass, when
the secondary filters plug, the engine will starve for fuel
causing major performance problems. Changing of both
primary and secondary fuel filters is mandatory on all
EMD engines.

Under normal conditions, fuel flows from both

secondary filters into a common line inside the fuel
filter manifold. At this point, a temperature sensor has
been installed to allow EMDEC to monitor fuel
temperature.

14 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 For applications with the filter mount on the front
right corner of the engine, fuel leaves the manifold
and enters a ported fuel distribution block mounted
on the front center of the engine. From this fuel block,
supply lines connect to the right and left bank fuel
manifolds to supply the fuel injectors. On engines
with the filter manifold mounted in the center of the
engine, fuel is routed directly to the fuel manifolds in
the top decks of the engine.
Fuel travels down the upper line of the manifold,
down each bank of the engine, terminating at the last
cylinder on each side. Note that the fuel manifolds 2
have been increased in size to 7/8" diameter.

2.2.6 Each injector is supplied with fuel through fuel

Fuel Injectors jumpers as on MUI systems. The jumpers however,
are now a flexible line with a larger diameter (figure
2.6). The fuel enters the fuel injectors through a small
in-line filter element, then circulates through the
injector’s internal passages. A portion of the fuel is
used for injection, the remainder is returned to the
fuel tank. Note that lubrication and cooling of the
fuel injector is done with this excess fuel flow as in
previous systems. For a more detailed operation of
the injector, refer to Chapter 4.

Figure 2.6 Electronic Fuel Injectors.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 15

2.2.7 Fuel now leaves the injector through the jumper line
Return Flow to the lower line of the fuel manifold. The return fuel
flow from the manifolds is routed through cold plates
attached to the front face of the ECM’s. The cold
plates consist of a block with milled fuel passages
covered with a thin plate. As return fuel temperature is
nominally 120 - 140˚ F and does not change quickly,
this fuel is used to stabilize the temperature of the
ECM’s, prolonging the service life of the components.

2.2.8 From the cold plates, the return fuel is directed to the
Check Valve return fuel check valve.

NOTE:
This check valve may have a rating between 30 and 60
psi, depending on application. Ensure that you consult the
Engine Maintenance Manual for the correct check valve
application.

On previous systems equipped with sight glasses, this

valve is located under the return fuel sight glass (closest
glass to the engine). On most EMDEC systems, the
valve is mounted inside the filter manifold block. The
check valve ensures that the system maintains back
pressure for proper injector operation. Note that system
pressures have been increased on EMDEC engines.
Always refer to the appropriate Engine Maintenance
Manual for correct system pressures.

After passing through the return fuel check valve, the

fuel is directed down through the fuel block on the
lower right front corner of the engine, then back to
the fuel tank.

16 Electro-Motive Service Publication

2.3 While the basic fuel supply system applied to H
265H TYPE engines performs the function as the 710 type
FUEL SUPPLY systems, there have been several major changes to
SYSTEM the operation.

2.3.1 The fuel supply system (figure 2.7) begins with the fuel
Fuel Tank tank (a).

The tank is equipped with drains for the fuel side and
the retention tank portion.
2
2.3.2 Fuel is drawn up to the engine through the suction
Suction strainer (b) that serves to protect the fuel pumps.
Strainer Certain 265H engine applications are equipped with
two fuel pumps, one electrically-driven (c), and one
mechanically-driven (d).

2.3.3 The electric fuel pump is used for priming the engine
Fuel Pump prior to startup; normal engine operation is with the
mechanical pump only.

The electric fuel pump is a diaphragm-type pump

controlled by the EM2000, and is mounted below the
equipment rack. During fuel prime, the pump draws
fuel from the tank through the suction strainer and
supplies the system through the fuel filter.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 17

18
LBS
RBS FROM PUMP
FUEL LBR
FUEL TEMPERATURE RBR
PRESSURE
G & H - SUPPLY & F. FUEL DIST TO
RETURN RAILS BLOCK E. FUEL FILTER TANK
DISTRIBUTION
BLOCK

EMDEC FUEL PRESSURE

PRE SENSOR
G & H - SUPPLY & HEATER
RETURN RAILS D. MECHANICAL
FUEL PUMP

ECM
COLD
PLATES

Figure 2.7 Fuel Supply System.

C. ELECTRIC
LIFT PUMP
B. SUCTION
STRAINER
RETURN
FUEL
CHECK
VALVE
A. FUEL
TANK

Electro-Motive Service Publication

2.3.4 The fuel filter (e) is a paper element type rated at 13
Fuel Filter microns and is equipped with a 25 psi bypass valve.
Note the increased size of the filter to handle the
greater flow rate of the new system.

2.3.5 From the filter, fuel is transferred to the fuel

Fuel
distribution block (f) mounted on the front of the
Distribution engine. Flow is divided at this point and directed to the
Block supply rails (g) running down each bank of the engine.

At each cylinder location, flexible jumpers carry a

supply of fuel to the rocker box housing, then with
2
internal jumpers, across to the pump body.

2.3.6 The injection pumps use a portion of the fuel supply

Injection for engine operation, the remainder carries excess heat
Pumps from the pumps back to the return side of the system.
Through another set of flexible jumpers, return fuel is
routed into left and right bank return fuel rails (h). At
the front of the engine, fuel is directed from each
return rail to a cold plate mounted to that bank’s ECM
to stabilize temperatures within the unit. From the
cold plates, fuel then travels to the fuel distribution
block where a return check valve ensures proper
system back pressure. Excess fuel now is sent back to
the tank.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 19

 Notes:

20 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Electronic Injection
Equipment -
Fuel Components
3.1 The two-stroke EMD engine has used a unitized fuel
INTRODUCTION injector design throughout its history. While this
feature has been retained for the 710 series of
EMDEC-equipped engines, the Electronic Unit
Injectors (EUI) are of a slightly different design and
use a different control system. Electronic engine
control is now installed on all new production engines.

3.2 The EUI’s (figure 3.1) still perform the same functions
as the previous system’s mechanical unit injectors
3
710 SERIES
ELECTRONIC (MUI’s). They meter, time, pressurize and atomize the
UNIT INJECTOR fuel. However, the functions performed by the
Woodward governor have been taken over by the
Engine Control Modules (ECM’s). The lay shaft and
injector racks have been replaced by a wiring harness.
The helix and barrel assembly of the MUI has been
replaced by a solenoid, and hollow poppet valve
located on the new injector.

Currently there is one type of EUI available for all 710

engine applications.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 21

 Figure 3.1 Electronic (EUI) and Mechanical (MUI) Injectors.

The EUI may be broken down into three basic

sections - control, high pressure pump, and injector
(figure 3.2).
CONTROL
PORTION
“E” Coil HIGH
Stator PRESSURE
PUMP
Armature

Plunger
Poppet
Valve

Anvil

INJECTOR

Needle
Valve

Figure 3.2 Breakdown of EUI.

22 Electro-Motive Service Publication

3.2.1 The control section consists of a solenoid, armature,
Control Portion return spring, hollow poppet valve, and body portion.
Solenoid The solenoid mounted to the top of the body portion is
an “E” coil stator connected to its controlling ECM by
a wiring harness. The solenoid is nothing more than a
precision wound coil that magnetizes when power is
applied by the ECM. As a note, the stator is not
polarity sensitive, it does not matter how the wires are
connected to the terminal screws.

3.2.2 Below the stator is a spring-loaded armature assembly.

Armature The armature consists of a flat plate that is drawn
upwards towards the coil when it is energized. When 3
the coil is de-energized, the return spring moves the
armature downwards.

3.2.3 Connected to the armature is the hollow poppet valve.

Hollow Poppet This valve controls the flow of fuel through a passage
Valve formed by the poppet, and by the seat area of the body
portion. Controlling the flow of fuel at this point is
what actually controls the injection pulse. This will be
discussed in detail in the next section - Operation. To
reduce the risk of poppet damage due to the high
pressures involved in injection, the poppet has been
plated with a thin layer of titanium. Note also that a
bench, or rest has been installed below the poppet
valve to limit the downwards motion of the poppet.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 23

3.2.4 The high pressure pump portion is made up of the
High Pressure plunger assembly and the injector body portion. The
Pump Portion plunger is operated by the camshaft through the
injector rocker mechanism, similar to a mechanical
injector. Downwards motion of the plunger is used to
generate the high pressures required for injection.
Note that the diameter of the plunger is slightly
smaller than the diameter of the cylinder. The fill
passage for the pump chamber is located at the upper
left corner in the illustration. At no time is this passage
blocked by the plunger, which simply acts to displace
a volume of fuel in the chamber.

3.2.5 The actual injector forms the lower portion of the

Injector Portion assembly, and protrudes into the combustion
chamber. The injector is comprised of a check valve,
needle valve, needle valve spring, and spray tip. The
spray tip has orifices that atomize the fuel as it is
forced through the tip into the combustion chamber.

3.2.6 Fuel flows from the flexible jumper line to the EUI,
Fuel Flow Through entering through its inlet filter located in the body of
The EUI the injector. Refer to figure 3.3 which shows the fuel
flow in the EUI in the de-energized state (no
injection).

24 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 3

Figure 3.3 Flow of Fuel Through EUI (no injection).

An internal passage directs fuel to the control portion

of the injector, filling the armature chamber below the
“E” coil stator. The flow of fuel through the armature
chamber cools the stator and armature, also providing
lubrication for components. From this chamber, fuel
is allowed to flow through a passage in the body of the
injector to the lower fuel chamber.

An additional flow of fuel to the lower chamber is

through a passage to the hollow center of the poppet
valve. Fuel flows through the valve into the lower fuel
chamber to provide cooling of the valve. As the fuel
enters the lower chamber, the flow splits, with most of
the fuel leaving the injector through the return passage
to the return fuel jumper line. From there it travels
through the return system to the fuel tank.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 25

 If the injector is de-energized, the poppet valve is open
allowing fuel to flow upwards around it. This fuel
travels into a drilled passageway to fill the high
pressure pump chamber below the plunger. As in the
previous systems, it is important to note that most of
the fuel sent through the injector is used for cooling
and lubrication; only a small amount is actually used
for injection.

3.2.7 The EMDEC electronic unit injector is both

Operation Of electrical and mechanical in operation. It performs the
The EUI functions of metering and timing electronically, while
the functions of pressurizing and atomizing are still
done mechanically.

The metering and timing functions are controlled by

the ECM’s, which “fire” each individual EUI at a
precise point in time for a specific duration.

This action is based on the software program

contained in the ECM’s and “inputs” into the ECM’s
such as:
• speed requests from the control system via
the interface module,
• timing and speed data from the timing
pick-ups,
• engine and ambient conditions from the
various EMDEC sensors.

26 Electro-Motive Service Publication

3.2.7.1 The easiest way to understand the operation of the
Start Of Injection EUI is to follow it through a typical injection
sequence. Refer to figure 3.4 for the flow of fuel
through the injector during an injection sequence.

Top View of Injector

Fuel Lubricating
and Cooling
Injector Plunger
3
High Pressure Bleed
Pass Return

Poppet Valve Closed Fuel Supply Flow

Injection Cycle

Fuel Return Flow

710 Cylinder Head Trapped Fuel for Injection

Adapter Collar
Bleed Return Fuel

Figure 3.4 Flow of Fuel Through EUI (during injection).

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 27

3.2.7.2 As the piston rises in the cylinder, the fresh air charge
Piston Rises In is compressed, raising the temperature to a level that
Cylinder will ignite atomized fuel. At the same time, the
camshaft and rocker mechanism begin to drive the
injector plunger downward. Note that although the
plunger is moving into the chamber, no pressure is
generated. Because the fill passage is not blocked and
the poppet valve is open at this point, the fuel that is
displaced by the plunger simply travels back through
the poppet valve into the lower fuel chamber.

3.2.7.3 Based on the software in the ECM’s, and timing,

Fueling Decisions speed and performance inputs into the ECM, these
devices will make a fueling decision. They will decide
at what point to energize the injector solenoid, and
what duration the injector is to remain energized. At
the precise point in time the respective injector is to
fire, the ECM generates a control signal to the
solenoid through the wiring harness.

3.2.7.4 When the solenoid is energized, the armature and

Injection poppet valve move upwards until the poppet contacts
the seat in the body portion, closing the passage
around the poppet. Remember that the plunger is
moving downwards in the pump chamber, displacing
the fuel contained in the chamber. With the poppet
closed, this fuel is now trapped with no outlet. The
pressure of the fuel in the chamber instantly begins to
rise. Note that the shape of the poppet valve prevents
pressure in the pump chamber passage from pushing
the poppet open. Since the fuel pressure pushes
outwards in all directions, the force exerted on the
poppet balance is not affected by fuel pressure.

28 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 The high pressure generated in the pump chamber is
also transmitted downwards to the spray tip through
the column of fuel and the check valve. As the
pressure increases, it pushes outwards in all directions
in the tip area, including backwards against the
tapered surface of the needle valve. When the pressure
in the tip area has reached between 2000 psi and 2400
psi, the needle valve will be lifted off its seat against
the needle valve spring. This allows fuel to flow
through the needle valve and the orifice holes in the
spray tip, into the cylinder.

The continued downwards motion of the plunger

causes the pressure in the injector to rise to the final 3
working pressure of between 16,000 psi and 18,000
psi. Note that once injection has begun and the
injector has reached the final working pressure, the
flow rate of the tip cannot be changed. For a given
period of time, the injector will deliver a measured
quantity of fuel. As with any injection system, what has
to be varied is timing (start of injection) and duration
(pulse width). The injector will continue to inject fuel
into the cylinder as long as: a) the solenoid is
energized, and b) the injector plunger is moving
downwards.

With the mechanical system, timing was set initially

and could not be varied. The pulse width of all
injectors were controlled simultaneously by the
governor through the rack mechanism. One major
advantage of the EUI system is that both timing and
pulse width are now electronically-controlled by the
ECM’s for each individual injector. This allows the
system to better compensate for changing engine and
ambient conditions.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 29

3.2.7.5 There are two additional passages shown in the
Bleeder illustration. These “bleed passages” prevent the escape
Passages of high pressure fuel to the outside of the injector.

During the high pressure process, fuel bleeds upwards

around the EUI’s plunger for lubrication. This fuel is
collected in the bleed passage and fed into the EUI’s
fuel return system to prevent further migration upwards.
Due to the extremely high pressures involved, some
leakage will take place between the components above
the injector tip. A second bleed passage gathers fuel in
this area to prevent leakage between the body portion
and the lower housing. Again, this fuel is fed back to the
low pressure return system of the EUI’s.

3.2.7.6 When the ECM has determined that injection

End Of Injection should cease, it simply “turns off” the injector by
de-energizing the solenoid. This allows the armature
return spring to drop the armature and poppet valve
against the bench in the lower fuel chamber.

Top View of Injector

Fuel Lubricating
and Cooling
Injector Plunger

High Pressure Bleed

Pass Return

Poppet Valve Opens Fuel Supply Flow

To end Injection Cycle
Fuel Return Flow

Trapped Fuel for Injection

Bleed Return Fuel

Figure 3.4 Flow of Fuel Through EUI (end of injection).

30 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 As the poppet valve opens, the high pressure fuel in the
pump chamber is allowed to escape back through the
valve to the return fuel system. The pressure in the
chamber drops instantly to end injection. When the
pressure coming from the pump chamber to the injector
tip drops below 2000 psi, the needle valve return spring
pushes the needle valve back against its seat to close the
passage through the tip to the spray orifices.

Note that the check valve in the injector will not allow
the flow of fuel pressure back into the pump chamber
from the tip. This serves several purposes. First, by
retaining a certain amount of pressure in the tip (slightly
below the injectors cracking pressure), the response time 3
of the injector for the next sequence is improved.
Second, in the event of a leakage in the needle valve,
combustion gases will not be allowed to work their way
through the injector into the fuel system.

The final action in the injector is the return of the

plunger to its initial position. As the camshaft
mechanism rotates further, the plunger return spring
moves the plunger upwards to the top position. This
upwards movement draws fuel back into the chamber
from the poppet valve, refilling the chamber for the next
injection sequence.

3.2.7.7 The ECM’s monitor the electronic performance of

Injector each individual injector. As the control signal is sent
Feedback To The from the ECM to the injector solenoid, the circuit
ECM (response characteristics are watched. As the poppet valve comes
time) up against the body seat, the coil is effectively stalled.
The voltage and current levels in the circuit will
change as this happens, providing the ECM with a
feedback.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 31

3.2.7.8 This feedback is called injector response time. Typical
Injector response times will be in the range of 1.30 to 1.50
Response Time milliseconds. Each injector will vary slightly, but all
should have approximately similar times. When
checking injector response times using a laptop
computer, any injector with a response time
significantly different from the rest may indicate a
faulty injector or defect in the wiring harness. The
problem must be diagnosed, and corrected before the
engine is returned to service.

Although the ECM’s can monitor the injector’s

electronic performance, the mechanical portions are
still subject to failure requiring more in depth
diagnosis. These procedures will be covered in the
section on Troubleshooting settings and adjustments
are covered in a separate section.

3.3 The injection pump and nozzle (figure 3.6) function

H SERIES in an identical manner to the electronic unit injector
ELECTRONIC found on the 710 series of engine, however they have
INJECTION now been divided into two separate, larger
EQUIPMENT components. The
injection pump is
located on the upper
right corner of the
cylinder head, and is
driven directly off the
camshaft by a short
pushrod and cam
follower. As the cam
rotates, the lobe forces
the follower and
pushrod upwards, in
turn pushing the
injection pump
Figure 3.6 Injection Pump
plunger upwards.
& Nozzle.

32 Electro-Motive Service Publication

3.3.1 Internally, the pump (figure 3.7) is similar to the pump
Pump Operation portion of the 710 electronic injector. The plunger
travels in a chamber that is connected to the fuel supply
system by a fill passage. Operation of the fill passage is
controlled by the Engine Control Module, using a
poppet valve mechanism with a 24 volt coil. In the
de-energized state, upwards movement of the plunger
displaces fuel from the pump chamber, back through
the poppet valve to the supply system.

3.3.1.1 When the ECM determines that injection should

Start Of Injection begin, the coil is energized to close the valve. Further
Sequence upward movement of the plunger results in
pressurization of the fuel in the chamber, which is 3
delivered to the nozzle through the delivery passage
and check valve.

3.3.1.2 On completion of Fuel Inlet To Injector

End Of Injection injection, the poppet is
Sequence de-energized to release
the fuel pressure back to
the supply system. The
downward return stroke
of the plunger will draw
a fresh volume of fuel
through the open poppet
and fill passage, to refill
the pump chamber.

Figure 3.7 Injection Pump.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 33

3.4 The injector (figure 3.8) is mounted on the top of the
INJECTOR cylinder head on the vertical centerline of the cylinder.
OPERATION The injector receives a supply of high pressure fuel
from the pump through the high pressure jumper line
during the injection cycle. As the fuel pressure rises
due to the closing of the poppet valve, the pressure
builds internally in the nozzle. When the pressure is
sufficient to lift the needle valve off its seat against the
spring, fuel is allowed to flow into the engine cylinder
through the spray tip. The fuel is atomized and mixes
with the air in the cylinder for combustion. At the end
of the injection phase as fuel pressure drops, the
needle reseats to block the flow of fuel into the
cylinder.

3.5 The bleed off (or leak off) Bleed

BLEED OR LEAK line serves the same off
OFF LINE function as the internal
bleed passages in the older High
style unit injectors. Internal pressure
high pressure leakage from
between components in the pump
nozzle assembly is collected
and routed back to the
return fuel system before it
can cause fuel leaks into the
top deck area, or affect
injector operation. When
the engine is shut down,
trapped high pressure fuel
in the jumper line will also
bleed off to return.

Figure 3.8 The Injector.

34 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Notes:

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 35

 Notes:

36 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 EMDEC Electronic
Components &
Operation
4.1 This section of the text will concentrate on the
INTRODUCTION electronic components that make up EMDEC, and
how the systems function to control injection. For the
purpose of instruction, a typical 16-cylinder 710
engine application is used. 265H engine applications
use a similar control method.

The text will use a building block approach, discussing

each component in detail as it pertains to operation.
The main electrical and electronic components of the
EMDEC system are:
4
1. ECM’s (Engine Control Modules): The actual
injection control computers.
2. Power Supply: 74 VDC to 24 VDC EMDEC
power source.
3. Interface Module: Communication interface
between EMDEC and the main control
system.
4. Sensors: Engine sensors for pressure,
temperature, and injection timing / speed
inputs.
5. Wire Harnesses: External, injector, sensor
and power.
6. Annunciator Panel: EMDEC Fault Panel for
diagnostic functions (if equipped).

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 37

 74 VDC 74 VDC RPM
EM2000 24 VDC
ABCD ABCD POWER Request
SUPPLY
FAULT DATA
LOCO
INTERFACE

SRS TIMING & SPEED INFO

24 VDC
TRS

F ECM
P FEEDBACKS SENDER
O INJECTORS
P 9-16
F
T
O
T ECM
A RECEIVER
INJECTORS
P 1-8
C
P
A
T
C
C
P

Figure 4.1 16-Cylinder EMDEC System.

Figure 4.1 shows an overview of a typical EMDEC

locomotive application for a 16-cylinder 710 series
engine (actual componentry may differ slightly between
applications). At the heart of the system are the
ECM’s, or Engine Control Modules that perform all
control functions. The ECM’s receive control signals
from the main control system through the interface
panel. This panel is part of the power supply that steps
down the 74 VDC input voltage to 24 VDC for use by
EMDEC. Attached to the ECM’s are the various
sensors used for performance and protective data, and
the injectors themselves. On certain applications, an
annunciator panel may be fitted for diagnostic
purposes.

We will now examine each component in more detail

and “build up” a functional EMDEC system

38 Electro-Motive Service Publication

4.2 As stated before, the main components of the system
ENGINE CONTROL are the engine mounted ECM's. These units are self-
MODULES (ECM’S) contained microprocessors that operate on 24 VDC.
Each ECM has the ability to control up to 8 injectors.

Therefore, the number of ECM's applied depends on

the engine configuration for example:

• 8-cylinder engine has one ECM.

• 12-cylinder engine has 2 ECM's (right bank 1
thru 6, left bank 7 thru 12).
• 16-cylinder engine has 2 ECM's (right bank 1
thru 8, left bank 9 thru 16).
• 20-cylinder engine has 3 ECM's (right bank 3
thru 10, left bank 13 thru 20, center (1,2,11, 4
and 12).

74 VDC 74 VDC RPM

EM2000 24 VDC
ABCD ABCD POWER Request
SUPPLY
FAULT DATA
LOCO
INTERFACE

SRS TIMING & SPEED INFO

24 VDC
TRS

F ECM
P FEEDBACKS SENDER
O INJECTORS
P 1,2,11 & 12
F
T
O
ECM
T
RECEIVER
A INJECTORS #1
P 13-20
C
P
A
T ECM
C RECEIVER
C INJECTORS #2
P
3-10

Figure 4.2 20 Cylinder EMDEC Locomotive Type System.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 39

 Physically all ECM’s are identical, but the software is
different for each unit. Every application has one
ECM designated as a sender (or controlling) ECM.
The software provides the units identity as well as the
application specific operating parameters (speed
schedules for example). The sender is responsible for
primary data processing, and overall control of engine
functions. The remaining ECM’s carry the designation
of receiver(s).

Receiver ECM’s are controlled by the sender ECM,

which provides basic information such as injection
pulse width (fuel amount), and base injection timing.
Remember, the number of receiver ECM’s depends
on the number of engine cylinders. The software
allows for some independent operation of the unit, and
engine RPM requests and basic timing feedbacks are
fed to the receiver(s), independent of the sender. This
will allow the system to overcome intermittent
communication problems between the sender and
receiver(s).

4.2.1 The location of the ECM’s on the engine will vary

Arrangement depending on application.
Early 16-cylinder 710 models have the ECM’s
mounted on the sides of the engine near the front end,
symmetrically opposite each other.
The sender ECM will be located at cylinder number
nine (left front), and the receiver ECM at cylinder
number one (left front).

40 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Later 16-cylinder and all 12 and 20 cylinder 710
models have the ECM’s located on the front camshaft
housing cover.

The sender will be on the left side of the engine and

the receiver on the right (16-cylinder).

All 256H engines have the ECM’s mounted on the

front of the engine. Note that on some applications,
the ECM’s may be mounted in a remote location
adjacent to the engine.

Cold Plates are attached to the front face of each

ECM.

The ECM’s are connected to each other, to the 4

interface module, to all sensors, and to all injectors by
means of external and internal wiring harnesses.
System diagrams showing the various plug
connections, and component and sensor locations on
a typical application may be found in Appendix A.

Ensure the proper schematic is available for reference

before performing any diagnostic tasks on this
equipment. In order for the ECM’s to operate, they
must receive a constant 24 VDC from the power
supply, and a speed input from the control system via
the interface module. The operation of this power
supply and interface module will be discussed next.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 41

4.3 The Power Supply (figure 4.3) on the following page is
POWER SUPPLY located in the AC Cabinet towards the rear of the
locomotive. The function of the power supply is to
step down and filter the 74 VDC control system
voltage to 24 VDC. EMDEC was originally designed
for heavy truck type applications, therefore operates on
a system voltage of 24 VDC. The output of the power
supply is fed directly to the interface module, and
through a power harness, to the engine mounted
ECM’s.

In applications other than locomotive, control system

voltage will be filtered and regulated to provide a
stable 24 VDC supply. While the appearance of the
power supply will be different, the function remains
the same.

The Power supply is fed through the engine control

circuit breaker located on the fuse and circuit breaker
panel. Note that both the positive and negative sides of
the circuit are protected. The power supply is
equipped with two LEDs (light emitting diodes) on its
face to indicate status.

The green LED (normally on) indicates that the

power supply is producing 24 VDC. The red LED
(normally off) illuminates during an over-current
situation. This LED could indicate a problem in the
ECM’s, wiring harness, or in the power supply itself.
In this situation it will be necessary to isolate the
components of the system in sequence, to determine
where the fault is located.

42 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 74 VDC 74 VDC RPM
EM2000 24 VDC
ABCD ABCD POWER Request
SUPPLY
FAULT DATA
LOCO
INTERFACE

SRS TIMING & SPEED INFO

24 VDC
4
TRS

F ECM
P FEEDBACKS SENDER
O INJECTORS
P 9-16
F
T
O
T ECM
A RECEIVER
INJECTORS
P 1-8
C
P
A
T
C
C
P

Figure 4.3 Power Supply & Interface Module.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 43

4.4 The Interface Module is located in the AC cabinet of
INTERFACE the locomotive, and is typically mounted on the side of
MODULE the power supply. The function of the module is to
translate signals being sent from the control system to
EMDEC, and data traveling from EMDEC back to
the control system.

Engine speed information is communicated from the

control system to the ECM’s through an interface
board.

Depending on the application, the connection from

the interface module to the control system may be a
one-way or two-way serial data link.

The main difference between the two types of links is

in the amount of data that can be transmitted. The
one-way link allows for simple speed instructions from
the EM2000 to EMDEC, and simple fault messages
and performance feedbacks from EMDEC to the
EM2000. The two-way serial link allows for enhanced
data transmission both ways.

44 Electro-Motive Service Publication

4.5 With the one-way serial link, the ECM’s are
SPEED CONTROL programmed to accept 4 input signals, which are then
translated into set speeds. Throttle information is sent
4.5.1
from the control system to the interface module as 0 or
Speed Control - 74 VDC governor solenoid signals. The interface
One-Way Serial
module translates these 0 or 74 VDC signals into
Link (Locomotive
Application)
inverse logic 0 or 24 VDC signals for the ECM's.
Consider the following examples:

Example #1 - Throttle in Normal Idle (300 RPM)

Control System Signals Interface Signals

ECM Set Speed

A Valve - 0 VDC A Valve - 24 VDC

B Valve - 0 VDC B Valve - 24 VDC
C Valve - 0 VDC
D Valve - 0 VDC
C Valve - 24 VDC
D Valve - 24 VDC
4
Example #2 - Throttle in Run 6 (730 RPM)

Control System Signals Interface Signals

ECM Set Speed

A Valve - 74 VDC A Valve - 0 VDC

B Valve - 74 VDC B Valve - 0 VDC
C Valve - 74 VDC C Valve - 0 VDC
D Valve - 74 VDC D Valve - 0 VDC

Example #3 - Throttle in Run 8 (900 RPM)

Control System Signals Interface Signals

ECM Set Speed

A Valve - 74 VDC A Valve - 0 VDC

B Valve - 74 VDC B Valve - 0 VDC
C Valve - 74 VDC C Valve - 0 VDC
D Valve - 0 VDC D Valve - 24 VDC

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 45

4.5.2 The two-way serial link functions much differently for
Speed Control - engine speed control. Instead of speed signals sent to
Two-Way Serial EMDEC as governor solenoid signals (signals are still
Link (Locomotive generated for trainline control), EM2000 creates exact
Application) RPM requests (for example 1000 RPM), and relays
these to the ECM’s over the serial link. This method is
very fast and decreases the chance of problems in the
speed signals. Note that the two-way serial link passes
all communication through the interface panel.

Fault data and load control information are sent back

to the control system from EMDEC through the
interface module. These types of data will be looked at
in greater detail in later chapters.

4.5.3 In a marine application, control signals are relayed to

Speed Control - the ECM’s as a variable speed governor signal. Note
(Marine that the signal is supplied to the ECM’s as Vref
Application) (ECM#ID). As the original voltage is increased, the
ECM’s will translate the reference signal to an RPM
request.

4.5.4 Power generation applications typically use two

Speed Control - separate engine speeds only; IDLE (standby) and
(Power Run2. Speed reference is supplied by the control
Generation) system to the ECM’s as a calibrated reference voltage
for each speed. Note that most systems allow for fine
adjustment of these speeds by fine adjustment of the
reference voltage.

46 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 2 WAY
SERIAL
74 VDC LINK RPM
EM2000 24 VDC
ABCD ABCD POWER Request
SUPPLY

LOCO
4
INTERFACE FAULT &
SENSOR
DATA
SRS TIMING & SPEED INFO
24 VDC
TRS

F ECM
P FEEDBACKS SENDER
O INJECTORS
P 9-16
F
T
O
T ECM
A RECEIVER
INJECTORS
P 1-8
C
P
A
T
C
C
P

Figure 4.4 Power Supply & Interface Module.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 47

 74 VDC 74 VDC RPM
EM2000 24 VDC
ABCD ABCD POWER Request
SUPPLY
FAULT DATA
LOCO
INTERFACE

SRS TIMING & SPEED INFO

24 VDC
TRS

F ECM
P FEEDBACKS SENDER
O INJECTORS
P 9-16
F
T
O
T ECM
A RECEIVER
INJECTORS
P 1-8
C
P
A
T
C
C
P

OR

Figure 4.5 Engine Sensors.

48 Electro-Motive Service Publication

4.6 At this point, the system has been supplied with 24
SENSORS VDC for operation, and has received speed inputs
from the control system. Before EMDEC can operate
the injectors, additional information is required such
as timing and speed data, engine performance data,
and engine protection data. All this information comes
into the ECM’s in the form of sensor inputs. The
sensors can be broken down into three major groups:
1. System Sensors for timing and speed
information:

• Synchronous Reference Sensor (SRS)

• Timing Reference Sensor (TRS)

2. Performance Sensors for calculating fuel injector

operation: 4
• Fuel Pressure Sensor (FPS)
• Fuel Temperature Sensor (FTS)
• Turbo Boost or Air Pressure Sensor (TBS)
• Air Temperature Sensor (ATS)

3. Protective Sensors for monitoring of

support systems:

• Oil Temperature Sensor (OTS)

• Oil Pressure Sensor (OPS)
• Coolant Pressure Sensor (CPS)
• Crankcase Pressure Detector (CCP) (or)
• Crankcase Pressure Sensor (CCP)

For each group of sensors, we will examine the sensors

themselves, their operation, and overall effect on the
system in the event of failure.
Note that later EMDEC applications will have their
performance and protection sensors all mounted in
the same location, at the left front of the engine, in a
metal protective box. See Figure 4.5. The function of
these sensors are identical to the earlier versions that
are located in various places on the engine.
EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 49
4.6.1 The system sensors (figure 4.6a and 4.6b) provide two
System Sensors functions for EMDEC operation. Timing information
is used by the ECM's to determine when to energize
the injector solenoids.
Speed information is
used to compare actual
engine speed to desired
engine speed. Fuel rates
are then adjusted by the
ECM's to correct any
variation. Unlike other
sensors on the engine,
the system sensors (SRS
& TRS) are magnetic
pickups. Operation of the
system sensors is identical
between the 710 and H
series engines, however
the mounting
arrangement is very
different.
Figure 4.6a 710 Series System
Sensors.

TRS

SRS

Figure 4.6b H Series System Sensors.

50 Electro-Motive Service Publication
4.6.1.1 The 710 series of engines have three timing plates
System Sensor (figure 4.7a) attached to the inside face of the coupling
Mounting disk between the engine and ring gear. The plates have
Arrangements - openings cut into them leaving 36 “spokes” that are
710 Series used to generate signals by the TRS sensor. One of the
plates has a (Position Indicator Pointer) PIP attached,
that is used by the SRS sensor to generate signals.

SRS and TRS share a common mounting bracket

located on the left rear corner of the engine. This
bracket serves two functions; first to hold SRS and TRS
in precise alignment with the PIP and spokes on the
timing plates; and second, the spring and stop
mechanism allows the bracket to swing back and then
return to the original position should the coupling disk
flex. This serves to protect the sensors from damage 4
caused by contact with the timing plates.

Figure 4.7a “710 Series Timing Plates”

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 51

4.6.1.2 The H series of engines does not use coupling disk
System Sensor mounted timing plates like the 710. Instead, these
Mounting engines have timing disks attached to the front and
Arrangements - rear of the camshaft (figure 4.7b). The timing disks
H Series have a circle of 36 raised bumps stamped into them,
that are used to generate signals by the TRS sensor.
Each disk also has a stamped PIP that is used by the
SRS sensor to generate signals. Note that although
there is a disk on each end of the camshaft, only the
rear plate is used at this time.

Figure 4.7b “H Series Timing Disks”

SRS and TRS are rigidly mounted in the cover

housing the rear camshaft gear. They are arranged to
read the stamped protrusions on the timing disk and
relay this information to the ECM's. Reading camshaft
speed (one half crank speed) allows for the use of the
same ECM's as the 710 series.

Attached to the inside face of the coupling disk,

between the engine and the coupling disk are three
timing plates (figure 4.7a). The plates have openings
cut into them leaving "spokes" that are used to gener-
ate signals by the TRS pick-up.

52 Electro-Motive Service Publication

4.6.1.3 The Synchronous Reference Sensor or SRS provides a
Synchronous signal to the ECM’s when the Position Indicator
Reference Pointer (PIP) passes in front of it. The action of the PIP
Sensor passing in front of the pick-up causes a small current to
be induced in the sensor, which then passes through
the wiring harness to the ECM’s. This signal is
provided once, for every revolution of the crankshaft,
and indicates when the number one cylinder is four
degrees before top dead center.

This signal synchronizes the ECM’s with respect to

engine speed and crankshaft position, this tells the
ECM’s when to start the timing count.

4.6.1.4 The Timing Reference Sensor or TRS reads the metal 4

Timing spokes of the timing plates. As the engine rotates, the
Reference metal spokes pass in front of the TRS. As each spoke
Sensor moves past the pickup, a signal is generated and sent to
the ECM’s. Since there are 36 spokes in total, each
pulse from TRS indicates that the crankshaft has
moved 10 degrees.

Note that unlike other systems, there are no specific

timing indicators for each cylinder. Instead, the firing
order of the engine is contained in the ECM’s
software. With this type of a system, the same pick-ups,
timing plates, and wiring harness may be used with any
engine configuration.

The calculation of engine speed is quite simple. The

ECM’s simply look at the elapsed time between TRS
pulses to calculate engine speed. This is then
compared to the set speed. If actual speed is lower than
set speed, EMDEC will lengthen the injector pulse
width to add fuel to the engine. If actual speed is
higher than set speed, EMDEC will shorten the pulses
to reduce the amount of fuel injected.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 53

4.6.2 NOTE:
Performance The sensors used as examples in this section are for a
Sensors generic 16 cylinder 710 series engine. The feedbacks
portrayed are to be used as examples only as there are
several different models of sensors used in service
depending on specific application. Note also that the
number of sensors used will vary.

The performance sensors (figure 4.8) provide

information that is used for adjustment of fuel rates. By
examining the air and fuel parameters, EMDEC can
“fine tune” injector operation (timing and pulse width)
to maximize fuel economy and minimize exhaust
emissions. All performance sensors are connected to
the sender ECM only. Inside the ECM is a 5 VDC
regulated power supply. Each sensor is fed this 5 VDC
and, depending on conditions at the sensor, will return
a certain feedback to the sender ECM. The text will
now look at each of these sensors.

54 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 74 VDC 74 VDC RPM
EM2000 24 VDC
ABCD ABCD POWER Request
SUPPLY
FAULT DATA
LOCO
INTERFACE

SRS TIMING & SPEED INFO

24 VDC
TRS

F ECM
P FEEDBACKS SENDER
O INJECTORS
P 9-16
F
T
O
T ECM
A
P
INJECTORS
1-8
RECEIVER
4
C
P
A
T
C
C
P
PERFORMANCE
SENSORS

Figure 4.8 Performance Sensors.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 55

4.6.2.1 The Turbo Boost or Air Box Pressure Sensor (figure
Turbo Boost 4.9) provides data to the sender ECM for use primarily
Sensor (TBS) in emission control. It is also known as the smoke
sensor. The sensor is connected to the ECM with a
three wire plug, and to the engine with a sensing hose
off the right front corner of the engine. The device is
mounted just below the crankcase pressure sensor,
(early 710 systems), in the sensor box (late 710
systems), or on the front of the aftercooler ducts (H
Engines).

Figure 4.9 Turbo Boost Sensor.

Note that there are early and later versions of this

sensor which, while quite different in appearance,
function in an identical manner.

The boost sensor is a capacitive pressure transducer. In

simple terms, it is inserted into a circuit with a +5
VDC connection and a -5 VDC connection.
Depending on the pressure the device is exposed to, it
will generate a feedback signal on the third
connection that will range from 0 to 5 VDC. The
ECM looks at the signal from the device and translates
it into a pressure reading.

56 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Figure 4.10 shows a typical feedback graph. Note that
the device measures absolute pressure and at 0 psi, the
feedback voltage is approximately 0.5 VDC. Note also
that at 45 psi, the feedback is approximately 4.5 VDC.
The ECM looks at this feedback signal for three
conditions.
Boost Pressure Sensor
P/N 16070629
6
Normal
Error Limits
5
Check calibration at
25 C and Vin = 5.1 VDC
Sensor Output (Volts)

3
4
2

0
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Airbox Pressure (psi)

Figure 4.10 Turbo Boost Sensor Feedback.

1. If the feedback is between 0.5 and 4.5 VDC, the

ECM considers the signal to be valid, and will
use the feedback for its fuel calculations.

2. If the feedback is less than 0.5 VDC, the ECM

considers the input voltage low.

3. If the feedback is above 4.5 VDC, the ECM

considers the input voltage as too high.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 57

 In either case, the following happens:

• the feedback is ignored for calculations,

• a nominal "standard" pressure is used,
• a "fault" is generated in the archives specific to
the feedback failure (voltage low or high).

Remember that the fault archive can be accessed by

use of a laptop computer (with WinEMMON or PC
Reader software), or the FIRE display (two-way serial
link).

4.6.2.2 The Air Temperature Sensor or ATS (figure 4.11)

Air Temperature measures the temperature of the air charge in the
Sensor engine airbox. This feedback is necessary for fuel
consumption calculations and emission control by the
ECM’s. The sensor is applied to the right front corner
of the engine next to the turbo boost sensor, with the
probe inside the airbox. On some applications, a
second sensor, inlet air temperature (IATS) has been
applied to the inlet eye of the turbocharger. This
second sensor is identical to the Air Temperature
sensor.

Figure 4.11 Air Temperature Sensor.

58 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 This sensor is a thermistor type device. As the
temperature changes at the sensor probe, the internal
resistance of the device changes. The voltage and
current characteristics of the circuit are looked at by
the ECM, and are converted into a temperature
reading.

Temperature Sensor Resistance

P/N 40063567
100,000
Calibration points:
77 F = > 2590.7-2964.7 ohms
262.4 F = > 77.7-84.9 ohms
Sensor Output (ohms)

10,000

4
1,000

100

10
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Temperature (F)

Figure 4.12 Air Temperature Sensor Feedback.

As with other sensors, the ECM expects to see a

certain feedback from the device. A voltage between
approximately 0.5 to 4.5 VDC is considered a valid
signal, and the information will be used in calculations.
Should the voltage go below 0.5 VDC or above 4.5
VDC, the ECM considers the data invalid and logs a
fault. Again, there is a specific fault for each mode of
failure (voltage high or voltage low).

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 59

4.6.2.3 The Fuel Temperature Sensor or FTS (figure 4.13)
Fuel measures fuel supply temperatures necessary for fuel
Temperature consumption calculations, and fuel input
Sensor compensation by the ECM’s. This is one of the
functions that goes beyond the possibilities of the
mechanical system. The fuel temperature sensor is an
identical device to the air temperature sensor(s). It is
located on the secondary fuel filter manifold and
examines the temperature of the fuel as it enters the
engine. As fuel temperature increases, performance
decreases. EMDEC will compensate for high fuel
temperatures by adjusting pulse width and timing as
required.

Figure 4.13 Fuel Temperature Sensor.

60 Electro-Motive Service Publication

4.6.2.4 The Fuel Pressure Sensor or FPS (figure 4.14)
Fuel monitors fuel supply pressure for two reasons. First, the
Pressure fuel pressure reading is an input to the sender ECM
Sensor where it forms part of the fuel rate calculations.
Second, should fuel pressure drop below an
acceptable level, the system will log a fault to warn of
any impending power loss.

Figure 4.14 Fuel Pressure Sensor.

The device is a capacitive pressure transducer.

Operation is quite similar to that of the boost pressure
sensor, however the two are very different in
appearance. The sensor is connected to the ECM with
a three wire plug, similar to the boost pressure sensor,
and mounted on the secondary fuel filter manifold.
The fuel pressure at the filter inlet is monitored at this
point.

On some applications, a second sensor is used to

monitor fuel pressure in the return fuel manifold.
Should the pressure drop across the filters, and engine
rise beyond an acceptable level, the system will
register a fault. This could be caused by plugged filters
or leakage in the system.
EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 61
 Pressure Sensor Signal
P/N 40059731 or 40087573
5
Normal
Error Limits
4 Check calibration
between 77 and 221 F
Sensor Output (Volts)

at 5.0 .1VDC

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Pressure (psia)

Figure 4.15 Fuel Pressure Sensor.

Figure 4.15 shows a graph of the sensor output. Note

that the cut off points for feedback voltage are
approximately 0.5 VDC and 4.5 VDC. If the feedback
is maintained within this range, the ECM will
consider the signal valid and use the feedback for
calculations. A signal outside of these parameters is
considered invalid and a fault condition. Again, if a
fault is logged, it will be specific as to the voltage level
(voltage too low or voltage too high), to aid in
diagnostics.

NOTE:
While similar to the coolant pressure sensors in
appearance, the fuel pressure sensors are calibrated
differently. Always refer to the parts catalogue for proper
sensor application.

62 Electro-Motive Service Publication

4.6.3 NOTE:
PROTECTIVE The sensors used as examples in this section are for a
SENSORS generic 16 cylinder 710 series engine. The feedbacks
portrayed are to be used as examples only as there are
several different models of sensors used in service
depending on specific application. Note also that the
number of sensors used will also vary.

The protective sensors (figure 4.16) provide

information that is used by the sender ECM to
monitor the performance of the engine support
systems. In the event of a system failure (lube oil,
cooling, or crankcase ventilation), EMDEC can shut
down the engine to prevent costly component damage.
The protective functions of EMDEC have been
programmed to react in exactly the same manner as a 4
Woodward governor. All shutdown pressures,
temperatures, and timing remain the same as on the
mechanical system.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 63

 74 VDC 74 VDC RPM
EM2000 24 VDC
ABCD ABCD POWER Request
SUPPLY
FAULT DATA
LOCO
INTERFACE

SRS TIMING & SPEED INFO

24 VDC
TRS

F ECM
P FEEDBACKS SENDER
O INJECTORS
P 9-16
F
T
O
T ECM
A RECEIVER
INJECTORS
P 1-8
C
P
A
T
C
C
P

PROTECTIVE
SENSORS

Figure 4.16 Protective Sensors.

64 Electro-Motive Service Publication

4.6.3.1 The Oil Pressure Sensor or OPS (figure 4.17) provides
Oil Pressure a feedback of engine lube oil pressure to the ECM. A
Sensor shutdown will occur if the engine lube oil pressure at
the turbocharger drops below a predetermined
setpoint, relative to engine speed and duration of time.
The oil pressure sensor is an identical unit to the fuel
pressure sensors, and is mounted in the top of the
turbo lube filter head or on the left front corner of the
engine in some applications. The shutdown times and
pressures are identical to previous systems.

Figure 4.17 Oil Pressure Sensor.

Note that with this sensor there are three types of fault
conditions possible. Input voltage high or input
voltage low will each generate a separate fault
condition. If the signal from the sensor is valid
(between 0.5 and 4.5 VDC), but below the operating
parameters, a shutdown fault is logged and fuel
injection is cut off, stopping the engine. For example,
if the engine is operating at a normal idle speed, if oil
pressure drops below 12 psi for more than 10 seconds,
the engine will shut down.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 65

4.6.3.2 Physically, the Oil Temperature Sensor or OTS (figure
Oil Temperature 4.18) is identical to the fuel and air temperature
Sensor sensors. The input to the sender ECM allows it to
monitor the temperature of the oil entering the lube oil
systems in the engine. An engine shut down will occur
if the oil temperature exceeds 256˚F (124˚C). The
sensor is located in the same position as the hot oil
detector on the mechanical injection system.

Figure 4.18 Oil Temperature Sensor.

This sensor also has three possible types of fault

conditions. Input voltage high or input voltage low will
each generate a separate fault condition. If the signal
from the sensor is valid (between 0.5 and 4.5 VDC), but
above the operating parameters, a shutdown fault is
logged and fuel injection is cut off, stopping the
engine. This will prevent damage to engine
components caused by excessive oil temperatures.

66 Electro-Motive Service Publication

4.6.3.3 The Coolant Pressure Sensors or CPS , monitor
Coolant coolant pressure at the water pump discharges, and at
Pressure the “Y” pipe (engine discharge). The sender ECM may
Sensors be connected to one, two, or three CPS depending on
system requirements and engine configuration. A
typical system will use two sensors. The coolant
pressure sensors (figure 4.19) are identical units to the
oil and fuel pressure sensors. If coolant pressure drops
below a programmed set point, an engine shut down
will be initiated.

Figure 4.19 Coolant Pressure Sensor.

When two sensors are used for a specific application,

generally one sensor is considered a backup. Typically,
if two sensors are used, the primary sensor is located on
the right bank water pump, the secondary sensor is
located in the “Y” pipe. A failure of a sensor will not
initiate a protective shut down in this case.

NOTE:
While similar to the fuel pressure sensors in appearance.
The coolant pressure sensors are calibrated differently.
Always refer to the parts catalogue for proper sensor
application.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 67

4.6.3.4 The Crankcase Pressure Detector (figure 4.20)
Crankcase activates if crankcase pressure increases to a positive
Pressure pressure of 1 1/2" of water.
Detector (CCP) Unlike other sensors, the
CCP is a mechanical
device. The detector
consists of a sensing
diaphragm, trip button,
and electrical switch. It is
located in the same
location as the EPD on
mechanical injection
systems.

Figure 4.20 Crankcase

Pressure
Detector.

WARNING:
DO NOT attempt to restart the engine until the cause of
the shutdown has been determined and corrected.

Following a crankcase pressure shutdown do not open

any engine covers for a minimum of two hours. Any
rise in crankcase pressure pushes on the rear face of
the sensing diaphragm. When the pressure reaches the
trip pressure of the detector, the button is pushed
outwards to indicate the over pressure condition.
Internally, is a switch connected to the button
mechanism that is thrown by the movement of the
button. This completes a circuit to the ECM so that it
will recognize the fault condition and shut the engine
down.

68 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 The mechanical portion of the device must be
qualified on maintenance inspections to ensure proper
operation. Consult section 13 of the EMM for test
procedures.

4.6.3.5 The crankcase pressure sensor has been developed to

Crankcase replace the crankcase pressure detector. It is located in
Pressure the sensor box on the left front corner of the engine
Sensor (figure 4.20). Unlike other pressure sensors this device
can read both positive and negative pressures. Engine
protection parameters and responses remain the same
as the CCP.

This completes the section on electronic components

of the EMDEC system. The following chapters will
4
deal with load control, fault data, troubleshooting, and
diagnostic tools.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 69

 Notes:

70 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Load
Control
5.1 The term load control refers to the matching of
INTRODUCTION electrical load on the main generator to engine
performance. In one way, this may be considered as
another protective system for the diesel engine. If there
is a problem with the engine that will reduce available
horsepower, such as plugged air or fuel filters, it is
necessary to reduce the load on the engine to prevent
damage to components or over-fueling. Over-fueling
leads to unacceptable levels of exhaust emissions and
possible engine damage.

Control of the actual load on the generator, commonly

referred to as excitation level, is the responsibility of
the locomotive control system. The injection system
must provide the control system with a feedback that
will indicate the engine’s ability to maintain speed at 5
the given load level.

This section of the text will look at this feedback, how

it is generated, and how it is used by the control system
to modify the load.

Load control with EMDEC protects the diesel

engine against overloading and overfueling.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 71

 The operator establishes a desired power level using
the control system (figure 5.1). The control system
determines excitation levels and engine speeds. The
control system speed relays commands to EMDEC,
EMDEC, through the interface module.

Once the ECM’s receive the signal from the interface

module, this is converted to a set speed. As we saw in
the previous chapter, the ECM’s will control the fuel
injectors based on sensor inputs, to maintain actual
engine speed at the set speed level.

SET
SPEED

CONTROL CONSOLE MAIN ELECTRICAL AC CABINET

CABINET, EM2000 INTERFACE MODULE
THROTTLE
HANDLE • EMDEC HAS
THD1 THRU 8 COMMUNICATIONS ITS OWN
PORT ISOLATED
GROUND
24V SYSTEM

LOAD OUTPUT
DIGITAL SIGNAL SET
(ONE WAY SPEED
SERIAL LINK)

EMDEC
SENDING MASTER
ECM (SENDER)

FUEL PULSE WIDTH TO EUI INJECTORS SERIAL LINK

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
EMDEC
RECEIVING ECM
(RECEIVED)

Figure 5.1 Control System With EMDEC.

72 Electro-Motive Service Publication

5.2 Fuel maps are programmed into the ECM’s “software”
FUEL MAPS (figure 5.2), that indicate allowable pulse widths for
each throttle position. Remember that the injector
pulse widths refer to the duration of the injection
pulse, measured in degrees of crankshaft rotation. The
longer the pulse width, the more fuel is injected into
the engine’s cylinders.

As we see in the above illustration, there is a different

map for each throttle position. These are examples
only; actual maps vary according to application. For
example, in throttle 5, an allowable pulse width for
injection would be anything from 0° to 15°. In throttle
8, any pulse width between 0° and 23° may be used by
the ECM’s. The fuel maps indicate the total available
fuel for each throttle position.
Throttle
Position
5
IDLE OR 1

5
0° 15°
6

8
0° 23°
PULSE WIDTH
(Degrees of Crankshaft Rotation)

Figure 5.2 Typical "Fuel Maps" (for illustration only).

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 73

5.3 EMDEC works just like a Woodward governor to
CONTROLLING control engine speed. If speed drops, it adds fuel
ENGINE SPEED (opens the injector pulse widths). If speed rises, it cuts
fuel (closes the injector pulse widths). A feedback to
the control system is still required to prevent overfueling.
EMDEC will generate a reference signal proportional
to the amount of fuel being consumed (figure 5.3).

Throttle
Position 0% 50% 87% 100%
5
0° 7.5° 11° 15°
PULSE WIDTH
(Pulse Width Degrees...)

50% 87% 100%

8
0° 11.5° 21.5° 23°

PULSE WIDTH
(Degrees of Crankshaft Rotation)

Figure 5.3 Engine Ratio Signal.

In the above illustration, we see examples of the fuel

maps for throttle 5 and throttle 8. As EMDEC operates
the injectors, it generates the Engine Ratio signal. This
is the actual pulse width divided by the maximum
pulse width expressed as a percentage. Simply put, the
Engine Ratio is the percent of the total available fuel
for a given throttle position that is actually being used.

Consider the following examples:

Throttle Position Pulse Width Engine Ratio

5 0° 0%
5 7.5° 50%
5 15° 100%
8 0° 0%
8 11.5° 50%
8 23° 100%

74 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Normally, if everything is operating properly under
load conditions, the engine will require approximately
78% to 80% of the total available fuel. Actual
consumption will vary according to engine and ambient
conditions. For example, in Load Test 1, the engine
typically will use a pulse width of about 18.5° in
throttle 8. This would equate to an engine ratio signal
of approximately 80%; it is consuming 80% of the total
available fuel in throttle 8. Should there be any problems
with the engine, for example plugged air filters,
performance will drop, and EMDEC will have to add
more fuel to the engine to maintain speed against the
load on the generator. As the pulse width is opened
by the ECM’s, the Engine Ratio signal increases
proportionally.

The Engine Ratio signal is sent to the EM2000 via the

interface module, and the serial data link. By looking 5
at this signal, the EM2000 can assess the engine’s
ability to make horsepower. As long as the Engine
Ratio is less than 87%, the EM2000 will assume that
the engine can make full power, and will regulate
generator excitation to produce the proper kilowatt
output for the throttle position.

However, should the Engine Ratio rise to 87% for any

reason, the EM2000 will assume that the engine is
having difficulty maintaining horsepower. It will
reduce excitation to prevent fueling from exceeding
the 87% level. As the load on the engine drops, engine
speed increases, EMDEC reduces the pulse width,
and the Engine Ratio signal drops. The EM2000 then
increases generator excitation. Thus the generator load
is balanced with the engine’s ability to produce horse-
power, much the same as the Woodward governor
system. Note however that all load control is done
entirely within the control computer, EMDEC simply
sends a reference signal to the control system.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 75

 The electronic system is much faster and more accurate
than the mechanical system.

Should the EM2000 reduce excitation due to a high

engine ratio signal, this will be apparent on the display
panel as a reduction in the signal LR%MAX. If
everything is operating properly, the Engine Ratio
signal (seen on the display as ENGINE_R) should be
less than 87%, and the signal LR%MAX will be equal
to 100%. Note that in actual practice, because the two
systems try to balance load demand against fuel
consumption, typically the Engine_R signal will
fluctuate between approximately 84 and 89%.

5.4 A signal that is useful for diagnostic purposes is the %

% ALLOWABLE Allowed Torque signal. This may be viewed on the
TORQUE SIGNAL Engine Parameter Section of the main PC Reader
screen. The signal normally shows 100% but may be
reduced by the sender ECM, should certain support
system parameters move outside of acceptable levels.
These parameters include air pressure (boost), air
temperature, fuel pressure, or turbine speed (H series
only).

When the parameters move outside of acceptable levels,

such as low boost pressure, EMDEC calculates that
the engine is not capable of generating rated horse-
power at desirable fuel levels. The % allowable torque
signal is reduced, and the fuel maps scaled downwards.
As the % allowable torque signal is reduced, the engine
ratio signal increases to signal EM2000 to reduce
generator excitation. In this case, generator output is
in fact limited by EMDEC.

In a situation where the engine is not producing rated

horsepower at a stable engine speed, this signal can be
a good indication of engine condition.

76 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Notes:

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 77

 Notes:

78 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Diagnostic
Tools
6.1 This section of the text covers the use of diagnostic
INTRODUCTION tools to access the EMDEC ECM’s. These tools are
required for troubleshooting, loading software, and
injector calibration. Covered, are procedures for using
the WinEMMON or PC Reader program with a
laptop computer and the FIRE display for applications
equipped with a two-way serial link.

Note that EMDEC is an evolving system that is

constantly being upgraded to improve service
reliability and performance. Every effort has been has
been made to ensure that the information contained
in this section is current, however, always consult the
proper system schematics and EMM for specific
service data.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 79

6.2 The WinEMMON kit (figure 6.1) is the recommended
WINEMMON & EMDEC interface tool. Some locations will have the
PC READER older PC Reader system as a diagnostic tool, so this will
(DIAGNOSTICS be covered as well. The primary difference between the
WITH A LAPTOP two system diagnostic tools is that WinEMMON is a
PC) Windows© based system while PC Reader is based on
the older DOS (Digital Operating System) technology.

The following instructions are provided to assist the

troubleshooter in using this tool. The PC reader enables
you to:

• monitor all sensor inputs to the ECM’s;

• view ECM outputs to the injectors (pulse
width and timing);
• view injector response times;
• calibrate the injectors;
• load ECM software;
• view and download fault data.

The software generates a diagnostic screen and interface

protocol on the laptop. To use the program, it must be
loaded into the laptop, the laptop connected to the
EMDEC system through the cable and translator
assembly, and the program initiated. The following
instructions will list the steps needed to prepare the
system for use.

9 Pin to
9 Pin Cable

PCT-R Cable 15 DR Plug

Laptop Diskette Translator

Box
Figure 6.1 PC Reader Diagnostic Kit.

80 Electro-Motive Service Publication

6.2.1 WinEMMON and PC Reader are software programs
Using the that are run on a personal computer interfaced with
WinEMMON or the EMDEC system. It is recommended that
the PC Reader Kit WinEMMON be used in a laptop PC running a
Windows© 95 operating system or newer, such as
Windows© 98, 2000, NT, XP, or XP PRO. You will
also need the WinEMMON Diagnostic Kit
(#40094241), which consists of the following:

• WinEMMON Translator Box #40094242

• WinEMMON Software Disk #40094243
• 15 D-R Plut #40055365
• PCT-R Cable #40055364
• 9 Pin Male to 9 Pin Female Cable
#40055366
• PC Carry Case #40055367

The minimum requirement for using PC Reader is a 6

386SX/DX-type laptop with one megabyte of RAM.
In addition, the PC Reader kit (#40055368),
consisting of the following items, is required:

• EMDEC Translator Box #40055363

• EMDEC Reader Software Disk
#40055362
• 15D-R Plug #40055365
• PCT-R Cable #40055364
• 9 Pin Male to 9 Pin Female Cable
#40055366
• PC Carry Case #40055367

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 81

6.2.2 1. Insert disk #1 of the WinEMMON
Loading software (#40094243) into the floppy disk
WinEMMON drive of your laptop computer (usually
Software On To A the A: drive).
Laptop Computer
2. Click on the Start button in the lower left
corner of your computer screen.

3. When “Run” appears above the “Start”

button, click on “Run”.

4. When the command box opens, type in

“A: setup”, without the quotations marks,
then put the mouse on “OK” and click it.

5. The computer will then copy the

initialization files required from disk #1.
When that is done, the computer will tell
you to insert disc #2.

6. Remove disk #1 from the floppy drive

and insert disk #2, then click on the “ok”
button.

7. This will allow the setup program to

proceed. Close any other programs you
are running as required, and then click
on the “OK” button.

82 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 8. Next you will be asked where you would
like the WinEMMON directory to be
placed on your computer. The default
locations is “Program Files” on the “C:”
drive. If you wish to put your WinEMMON
program somewhere else on your computer
than the default choice (not recommended),
click on the “Change Directory” button and
follow the instructions that appear. If you are
going to use the default location (recommended),
then click on the large box in the upper left of the
pop up box (it has a computer icon on it).

9. The computer will now copy the WinEMMON

files to the chosen directory. When the computer
tells you that the installation has been
successfully completed, click on the “OK” button.

You have now successfully installed WinEMMON on

your computer. Connection and diagnostics use will 6
be covered later in this chaper.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 83

6.2.3 1. Escape out of Windows and get to the C:\>
Loading The PC prompt. It is imperative that windows not be
Reader Software active, or the program will not function as desired.
On To A Laptop Press Alt+F4 or double click the cursor on the
Computer upper left bar on the windows screen to exit
Windows.

2. Create a new directory (For example:

C:\> md emdec).

3. Change the directory to the pcreader

(For example: C:\> cd emdec).

4. Once in the directory, copy the files from

the disk into the directory (For example:
C:\emdec> copy a:\*.* ).

Occasionally the PC Reader software is upgraded to

enhance its operation, or to reflect changes in the
equipment installed on the engine. After receiving a
new version of PC Reader, it will be necessary to
change the files in the laptop. To ensure proper
operation, use the most recent software.

84 Electro-Motive Service Publication

6.2.3.1 1. While in the EMDEC directory, type in:
To Edit The edit emmon.bat. A screen will appear
EMMON showing the contents of the emmon file.
Command File
Example: @ECHO OFF
rp1202
emmon11a (or current
version number)
ECHO ON

2. Use the cursor to select the existing

executable file (For example emmon11a
or current version number), and rename
it to the latest executable file name
loaded (such as emmon11a).

3. Press Alt + F to highlight the File task

bar, and open the dialog box.

Select SAVE and press <RET>. 6

4. Press Alt + F to highlight the File task
bar and open the dialog box once again.
Select EXIT <RET> to return to the
emdec directory.

6.2.3.2 Once the software has been loaded into the laptop, the
Connecting computer must be connected through the translator
WinEMMON & box and cable, to the EMDEC system.
The PC Reader
To EMDEC

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 85

6.2.3.3 On most applications there are two access locations for
Access Ports EMDEC (figure 6.2).

One is located in the cab of the locomotive, inside the

center door of the Computer Chassis Cabinet. The
EMDEC access port is located to the right of the
EM2000 computer chassis, and is labeled “EMDEC”.

The second access port is located on the interface

module mounted to the 24 VDC power supply. It is
usually found in the AC Cabinet in the Engine
Compartment.
80 SERIES / 90 SERIES

High Voltage Cabinet AC Cabinet

EMDEC Ports

High Voltage Cabinet AC Cabinet

70 SERIES
Figure 6.2 EMDEC Access Ports.
86 Electro-Motive Service Publication
6.2.4 1. Connect the 9 Pin cable from the PC to
Utilizing the translator box.
WinEMMON &
2. Connect the 15D-R plug to the PCT-R
The PC Reader
Program
cable, and the other end of the cable to
the translator box.
3. Connect the 15D-R plug into the EMDEC
reader port, and note that both the red and green
LED’s on the side of the translator box are
illuminated.

The EMDEC Communications (EMMON)

program will not work if the hardware is not
connected to the locomotive.

4. Click on the Start button in the lower left

corner of the computer screen. When the menu
options appear, click on all Programs/Programs
(depending on which version of Windows© you
are using). Move the cursor (arrow) to the 6
WinEMMON V1.3 option, and click there. For
PC Reader change the directory on the PC to
C:\emdec> and type EMMON <RET> to start
the program.

A message will appear stating that the program is

searching for the interface box (WinEMMON or
text line PC Reader).

USER TIP!
The PC Reader and EMMON program will not function
correctly through Windows, Windows 95/98 and
Windows NT, even from the MS-DOS prompt within
Windows. Exit out of Windows completely before using
PC Reader and EMMON.

5. Once in either EMDEC reader program,

an EMMON main screen will appear.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 87

 Figure 6.3 Communication Problem.

If the software is loaded correctly, and the system is

properly connected, a main screen should appear on
the laptop (figure 6.3).

The systems (EMDEC, WinEMMON or PC Reader),

are communicating when the green light on the
translator box is illuminated, and the red light is
flashing. If there is a problem with the connection,
another message box will appear (figure 6.4). This
figure will be the small box labeled “Communication
Problem” on the screen save below.

This Communication Problem box gives you the

option of trying the connection again (the retry
button), canceling (the cancel button) or getting help.
If you press on the help button, another box will appear
(figure 6.4). This box gives you a diagram of the proper
cable setup for connecting to EMDEC, as well as the
correct part numbers to ensure you have the correct
translator box and cables. There is also a description of
the light functions on the translator box.
88 Electro-Motive Service Publication
 Figure 6.4 Communication Problem.
6
6.2.5 The main WinEMMON screen consists of five
WinEMMON sections, covering Sender ECM, Receiver 1 ECM, and
Main Screen Receiver 2 ECM. As well, there are sections for
Translator Box and System Description. In the lower
right corner of the Main Screen is a refresh button.
The ECM sections give you the software part number,
which revision of the software is being used, and which
calibration name/revision is loaded into the ECMs.
Note that Receiver 2 ECM will only show data and be
active on 20 cylinder engines.

Across the top of the Main Screen are the options we

can select from. These are System Info, Monitor,
Diagnostics, Downloads, Injectors, Bus Monitor, Misc.
and Help. We will cover each of these in turn.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 89

 Figure 6.5 WinEMMON Main Screen.

90 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Figure 6.6 System Information Dialog Box. 6
The WINEMMON main screen appears whenever
you open the WinEMMON program, regardless if
you are connected to the locomotive. The System
Information Dialog Box (see Figure 6.6) will then
appear on the computer screen. This will document
the connection to the locomotive.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 91

 Figure 6.7 System Information Dialog Box.

If the connection is successful the System Information

Dialog Box will show the connection data (see Figure
6.7).

92 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Figure 6.8 Communication Problem.

If the connection wasn’t successful, an error box will

appear (see Figure 6.8).

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 93

 Figure 6.9 Windows Translator Box Help Screen.

This Communication Error box will give you three

options, Retry, Cancel, and Help. Retry tells the system
to attempt to communicate with the locomotive again.
Cancel will stop the whole process and close the
WinEMMON program. Help is a shortcut to the
WinEMMON Help program, in particular the section
on Translator Box connections, that gives a diagram of
the proper connections and a description of same (see
Figure 6.9).

94 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Figure 6.10 WinEMMON Main Screen
(System Information)
6
This Help screen describes the two lights on the
Translator Box and gives some helpful suggestions to
correct any connection problems you may encounter.
If the connection was successful, the WinEMMON
Main screen will appear (see Figure 6.10). Across the
top of the screen are the option selection buttons.
Moving the cursor arrow on the computer screen to
one of theses buttons will allow the operator to select
that screen. These screens are:
• System Info
• Monitor
• Diagnostics
• Download
• Injectors
• Bus Monitor
• Miscellaneous (Misc.)
• Help
We will cover each of these screens in turn, starting
with the System Info, or Main Screen (as this is the
screen that will automatically come up if the translator
box connection was successful).
EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 95
 Figure 6.11 WinEMMON Main Screen
(System Information).

6.2.5.1 On the left of the System Information Screen there are

ECM Data three sets of ECM information fields. The sets of data
are labeled, from top to bottom:

• Sender ECM

• Receiver 1 ECM

• Receiver 2 ECM

Although all three sets of data are on the screen, the

information fields for the Receiver 2 ECM will be
blank when working with an 8, 12, or 16 cylinder
engine. This data only applies when working with a
twenty cylinder engine, which has three ECM’s.

96 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 The information in these fields shows:

• The software part number

• The software revision number
• The calibration name revision

This will be useful data when determining if the

software loaded into the ECM’s is correct for the
application. The data in these fields serves one other
useful function; having the data in the fields serves to
confirm that the ECM’s are communicating correctly
with WinEMMON.

6.2.5.2 On the right hand side of the screen are three other
Secondary Data data fields. The two in the upper right hand corner of
the screen are for the Translator box. These fields
show:

• Status of the Translator Box (connected 6

or disconnected)

• Version of the Translator Box being used

This data will help to trouble shoot a connection

problem, to determine if the fault lies within the physical
connection, with the WinEMMON program, or with
engine systems. The version field will let the operator
know if they are using a current or outdated version of
the software or translator box. Note that the
WinEMMON translator box is the only one that will
work with WinEMMON. Earlier versions of the
translator box are for DOS based operating systems only.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 97

 The field in the lower right hand side of the screen is
for system information, that is which engine/wiring
combination is used on that particular engine. Below
that is the Refresh button, which will replace the data
with fresh data whenever clicked on.

If you move the computer cursor (usually an arrow) to

the top of the screen and on to the Monitor button,
then click on it (on the keyboard of the computer,
usually close to the mechanism for moving the cursor,
will be two buttons. The left of these buttons will
usually be the selector button that you press, or click,
to make your selection. The mechanism for moving
the cursor will usually be a small pad that you drag
your finger across, known as a touch pad, or a small
button called a pointer) the Monitor screen will
appear, see Figure 6.12.

98 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Figure 6.12 Monitor Screen.
6
6.2.5.3 The Monitor screen allows the operator to look at, or
Monitor Screen monitor, engine functions in real time. All sensor
feedbacks monitored by EMDEC can be monitored.
These include engine speed, engine RPM set point,
engine R (as shown), as well as such things as temperatures
and pressures. The signals (known as parameters) shown in
Figure 6.12 are the default signals that are loaded when
you first open the monitor screen. Other parameters can
be selected by moving the cursor to the Select Parameters
button in the lower right hand side of the screen and
clicking on it. This will open a parameter selection box
which will allow the operator to select from a large variety
of parameters, by simply moving the cursor to the desired
parameter and clicking on it. Parameters can also be
selected from separate ECM’s from this box, by moving
the cursor over the individual parameter desired and
clicking on it. Thus you can compare output from the
individual ECM’s. A large variation between the ECM’s
indicates a serious problem.
EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 99
 Once the desired parameters have been selected, move the
cursor to the Save button and click on it if those parameters
selected are the parameters the operator wishes to keep
using. Note that the parameters can be changed at any
time, as required.

There are two signals that are extremely valuable for

troubleshooting. The first one is Engine Ratio, that was
discussed in the Load Control Section. It is the bottom
line of the box and is labeled as "% max fuel".
The second signal is labeled "% allowable torque".

If EMDEC is satisfied with the performance sensor

inputs (fuel temp, fuel pressure, air temp, and air
pressure), it will maintain this signal at 100%.

If EMDEC itself must cut back on horsepower

because of an engine performance problem (such as
low boost pressure), this signal will be reduced.

Reducing the allowable torque signal has the effect of

lowering the top ends of the fuel maps. This in essence
will increase the Engine_R signal to the EM2000,
causing it to reduce generator excitation.

Remember the three signals.

On a properly operating engine in a steady load state:

ENGINE_R < 87%

%ALLOWABLE TORQUE = 100%
LR%MAX = 100%

100 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Figure 6.13 Data Save Box.

6.2.5.4
Saving Data
A “Snapshot” of data can be taken and saved by moving
the cursor to the “Save” button and clicking on it. A
6
“Save” box then opens (see Figure 6.13), requiring the
operator to name the data file (unit number, date, or
other relevant information that identifies the data
should be used) and then move the cursor to the
“Open” button and click on it. A second “Save” box
then opens, with a “Save” button. Move the cursor to
this button and click on it and the data will be saved as
the named file. This allows the operator to keep a tally
of running conditions and document any problems
diagnosed. Once saved, the save box will close, and the
Monitor screen will appear once again.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 101

 Figure 6.14 Diagnostics Screen.

6.2.6 If the operator then moves the cursor to the top of the
Diagnostics Monitor screen and places it on the Diagnostics
button, and clicks on it, the Monitor screen will close
and the Diagnostics screen will appear (see Figure
6.14).

The Diagnostics screen is a “Real time” display of

current faults both active and inactive, from the
ECM’s. This screen shows:

• Fault description (Active or Inactive)

• Failure mode (what the Failure is)

• Count (how many times the Failure

occurred)

102 Electro-Motive Service Publication

6.2.6.1 For example, in Figure 6.14, the Diagnostics screen
Understanding shows us that there are no Active Faults. Under
The Fault Screen Inactive Faults, “Proprietary Data Link” is displayed.
This tells the operator that there was a proprietary data
link failure sometime in the past, but it is not currently
active. Under failure mode, we read “Abnormal
frequency, PW (Pulse Width) or period”. This is what
the fault to the Data Link actually was. To the right of
that data on the screen is the count, in this case “6”,
which tells us that the fault has occurred six times.

6.2.6.2 The faults can be read from either ECM. The

Selecting The selection of which ECM to read is done on the bottom
Fault Source of the Diagnostics screen, where there two circles, one
below the other, labeled “MID 128” and “MID 175”.
MID stands for Message ID. In this case, which ECM
the data is coming from. Note that there are only two
active options, even though a third can be seen below.
This third selection will only be accessible when 6
connected to a twenty cylinder engine. By moving the
cursor to the circle beside the MID desired, and then
clicking on it, the fault input data source will be
changed.

Along the bottom of the Diagnostics screen are four

buttons, these are:

• Health Scan

• Diagnostic Snapshot

• Save Diagnostics

• Clear All

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 103

 Figure 6.15 Unit Road Number Box.

6.2.6.3 Note that some buttons are clear, while others seem
Saving Fault
faded. This differentiates between active and inactive
Data buttons. If the cursor is moved to an inactive button and
clicked nothing will happen. An inactive button means
that the option the button leads to is not available in this
particular operation. In this version of the Diagnostics
screen, only the “Save Diagnostics” and “Clear All”
buttons are active.

Moving the cursor to the Save Diagnostics button and

clicking on it will open a Request Unit Number Box, see
Figure 6.17. This is to identify the data.

Once the unit road number is entered (which is done by

moving the cursor to the open field and clicking on it,
then typing in the unit road number), move the cursor to
the OK button and click on it. A Save Box will then open,
as in Figure 6.15. The same file name requests will be
made as with the previous Save Box. Once these requests
are fulfilled, move the cursor to the open button, click on
it, then move the cursor to the Save button, and click on
it. This will allow the operator to save any data found in
the fault files, either for later perusal, record keeping, or
fault verification.

6.2.6.4 The Clear All button will clear all Inactive Faults. Any
Clearing Faults fault that is currently active cannot be cleared until the
fault is corrected.
104 Electro-Motive Service Publication
 Figure 6.16 Download Screen.
6
6.2.7 Moving the cursor to the top of the Diagnostics screen
Using The and to the Download button and clicking on it will
Download Wizard open the Download Screen, see Figure 6.16.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 105

 Figure 6.17 Download Save Box.

This screen will allow the operator to download data to

the ECM’s, such as when installing new software.
Moving the cursor to the next button and clicking on it
will start the “Wizard”. A “Wizard” is a sub-program that
walks the operator through the steps required to install
new software into the ECM’s. Once Next is selected, a
Save box will open, see Figure 6.17.

106 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Figure 6.18 My Computer Box.

This operates the same as the previous Save Boxes,

except in this case, the operator will select the file that
the download for the ECM’s is located. This will 6
usually be the A: drive on the computer, as the
software will likely be on disc. Insert the disc into the
A drive. Move the cursor to the “My Computer” icon
(picture) on the left of the Save Box and click on it.
This will open another box that will show the various
drives on the computer, see Figure 6.18.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 107

 Move the cursor to the icon labeled 3 _ Floppy (A),
and click on it. This will activate the A: drive and open
another box which will show the contents of the disc in
the drive. Move the cursor to the software icon in the
A: drive box and click on it. This will usually take you
back to the Download Save Box (see Figure 6.18),
which should show the file from the A: drive that was
selected in the upper field. Move the cursor to the
Open button and click on it, and the Download should
commence.

You can also save a log of the downloads applied to the

ECM’s in this Save Box, as well. After the down load is
complete, click on the download file, then click on the
OK button, and then click on the Save button.

Note that if communication problems should arise,

you can try moving the Translator Box EMDEC
connection to the connection located in the #1
Electrical cabinet, directly on the interface board.

108 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Figure 6.19 Injectors Screen.
6
6.2.8 Moving the cursor to the top of the Download screen
Injectors Screen and selecting the Injectors button and clicking on it
will activate the Injectors screen, see Figure 6.19.

The Injectors screen will show:

• Cylinder (Which One)

• Rise Time
• Cal Code (Calibration)
• Cut Out
• Pulse Width

This screen will also allow us to “Read” from the

ECM’s, “Write” to the ECM’s, ad refresh the data
shown on the screen.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 109

 Cylinder has a list of numbers beneath it, from 1 to 16
in this particular example. These are the cylinders on
the engine, shown in numerical order. If we happened
to be on an 8 cylinder engine, we would see 8
cylinders or 20 on a twenty cylinder.

6.2.8.1 Next to the cylinder number is the Rise Time column.

Injector Rise Time This is the “Response” time of each individual injector.
This is real time feedback of injector rise time (or
response time) from the ECM’s.

These fields can also indicate problems with the

electrical side of the injectors.

Rise times should remain stable throughout the entire

engine speed range. Rise times should be between
1.20 – 1.60 ms, and there should be little variance
between cylinders.

6.2.8.2 To the right of the Rise Time column is the Cal Code
Injector fields. These are the calibration numbers for each
Calibration injector.

Each EMDEC injector requires correct calibration be

entered to compensate for assembly line tolerance
differences in the mechanical portion.

Calibration changes the output of each injector to

bring it to a nominal standard.

Calibration codes should be verified on a regular basis.

Therefore, units having trouble making horsepower

with good injectors will benefit from this feature.

110 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Calibration is the electrical equivalent of “setting the
rack”, and must be done each time an injector is
renewed.

The injectors proper calibration code is marked on the

top plate of the electrical solenoid portion of the
injector.

6.2.8.3 1. Open the top deck covers and record the two digit
Calibration calibration number from each injector, taking
Process care to ensure that the corresponding cylinder
number is also noted.
2. Check the cylinder number sorted calibration
codes from the injectors against those in the Cal
code columns of the Injectors Screen of
WinEMMON.
3. Verify that the numbers are the same between the
cylinders and the Cal Code column. 6
4. If the numbers are different, move the cursor to
the field of the first cylinder with a non-matching
Cal Code, and click on it.
5. Type in the correct Cal Code.
6. Move on to the next mismatched cylinder/
injector as required.
7. Once all the corrected Cal Codes are entered,
move the cursor to the “Write to ECM” button
and click on it.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 111

 Figure 6.20 Copying Cal Codes Box (Sender ECM).

A “Copying Cal codes to EEPROM” box will appear,

see Figure 6.20. At first it will read “-Sender ECM”,
move the cursor to the OK button and click on it, then
it will read “- Receiver ECM”.

Move the cursor to the OK button and click on it

when the copying is done (a message will appear in
the copying box). This will take the operator back to
the Injectors screen.

6.2.8.4 The next column to the right of Cal Codes is Cut Out.
Injector Again these are displayed in numerical order. To cut
Cut Out out a cylinder for diagnostic purposes, move the cursor
to the display field of the cylinder you wish to cut-out.
Click on that field, and the cylinder will be cut-out.
When you wish to cut it back in again, simply click on
the same field a second time.

Note that when you leave this screen, all cut out
injectors are cut in again by the program. Do not cut
out more then one injector at a time.

112 Electro-Motive Service Publication

6.2.8.5 The Pulse Width field is located in the lower right
Pulse Width corner of the Injectors screen. When you cut out an
injector, monitor the Pulse Width as it should change.
Pulse Width is an average measurement, taken across
the engine, of the length of time the injectors are held
open. This is measured in degrees of crankshaft
rotation. As the computer will attempt to put more
fuel in the engine to compensate for a cut out
cylinder, the Pulse Width will widen (the injectors will
be held open longer). When you cut out an injector
and no discernable difference is noticed in the Pulse
Width, the computer has already compensated for that
cylinder, indicating that there is a problem with it. For
more detail see the Troubleshooting section of this
manual.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 113

 Figure 6.21 Bus Monitor Screen.

6.2.9 Moving the cursor to the top of the Injectors Screen

Bus Monitor and selecting the Bus Monitor button, and then
clicking on it, will bring us to the Bus Monitor screen,
see Figure 6.21.

114 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Figure 6.22 Get User Information Box.

The Bus Monitor screen will allow is to monitor and

save the data accumulated in the bus. When this
screen is first opened it will be blank. Move the cursor
to the Monitor Data button and click on it. This will
open a Get User Information Box, see Figure 6.22.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 115

 Figure 6.23 Bus Monitor Screen Gathering Data.

The data we can get from the bus is time related, so

the program wants to know which second to log. Enter
a time here, click on the OK button, and the Bus
Monitor Screen will reopen with data, see
Figure 6.23.

116 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Figure 6.24 Bus Monitor Data Save Box.

This data gathering process will continue until the Save

or Stop button is clicked on. If the Save button is
6
selected, a Save Box will open, see Figure 6.24.

Moving the cursor to the File Name field and clicking

there will allow the operator to type in an identifying File
Name. Once a File Name has been typed in, move the
cursor to the Save button and click on it. The file will
then be saved. Note that all file saves will be placed in the
WinEMMON v 1.3 Folder unless otherwise specified.
Other folders can be selected by moving the cursor to the
Save In field at the top of the Data Save box, clicking on
it, and typing in an alternate folder. The operator can also
move the cursor to the downward facing arrow at the
right of this field box, and by clicking on it, browse
through other folders until the one sought is found.

Once the file is saved, the Bus Monitor screen will once
again appear. Moving the cursor to the buttons along the
top and selecting the Misc. (Miscellaneous) button and
clicking on it, will open the Miscellaneous screen.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 117

 Figure 6.25 Miscellaneous Screen.

6.2.10 The Miscellaneous screen has buttons for:

Miscellaneous
Screen • Set Engine Speed
• Clear Overrides
• Run Health Test
• ECM Clock

Moving the cursor to one of these buttons and clicking

on it will activate the buttons stated function.

Note again that faded buttons are not active, and can
not be selected.

118 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Figure 6.26 Set Engine Speed (PTO) Box.

The first button on the Miscellaneous screen (hereafter

called Misc.) is the Set Engine Speed button. Moving
the cursor to this button and clicking on it will open the
Set Engine Speed box, see figure 6.26.

The desired engine speed is typed into the field in the

upper right of the box (move the cursor to the field,
then click on it, then type). Once the speed is typed in,
move the cursor to the OK button and click on it. The
computer will then run the engine at the requested
6
speed. This option is mostly used in stationary or
marine engines for certain testing functions. If the
operator decides not to change the engine speed, simply
move the cursor to the Cancel button and click on it.
This will return you to the Misc. screen.

The Clear Overrides button will clear any settings

changes the operator has made while testing the system.

The Run Health Test button is not available in version.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 119

 Figure 6.27 ECM Clock Interface Box.

The ECM Clock button allows the ECM clocks to be

set and synchronized. Moving the cursor to the ECM
Clock button and clicking on it will open the ECM
Clock Interface box, see Figure 6.27.

This box has data fields for:

• Sender – time and date

• Receiver 1 – time and date
• Receiver 2 – time and date

The fields on the left of the box are the time fields, and
the ones on the right are the date fields. Time is given
in hour/minute/second form, and date is given in
month/day/year form.

120 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 There are two buttons on the bottom of the box, one to
cancel the operation and the other to set the clocks.
Setting and synchronizing the ECM clocks is
important for data identification and troubleshooting.
For example, if you can determine the date and time
of a series of injector faults, and find it corresponds to
the date and time of a loading problem, that would be
an important clue as to identifying the root cause of
the failure.

To adjust the ECM time, move the cursor to the Set

Clock button and click on it. The ECM times (and
dates if necessary) should update. Note that the times
and dates will update to the times and dates that the
are on the computer being used to read the program.

Once the clock has been set, move the cursor to the
Cancel button, and click on it. This will return the
operator to the Misc. Screen. Moving the cursor to the
top of the screen and to the right, brings us to the last 6
options button, the Help Screen.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 121

 Figure 6.28 EMDEC Help Screen

6.2.11 Clicking on the Help button opens the Helps screen,

Help see Figure 6.28.

122 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Figure 6.29 Help Contents Screen. 6
The first screen that comes up is the welcome screen,
which doesn’t have a lot of data on it, but does allow
the operator to select from a few options. By moving
the cursor to the upper left corner of the screen to the
Contents button, and clicking on it, the Help file
Contents will be displayed, see Figure 6.29.

The Help Contents Screen has several options on it.

Across the top are:

• Contents
• Index
• Find

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 123

 Figure 6.30 EMDEC Help Topics.

6.2.11.1 Moving the cursor to the Contents button and clicking

Help Topics on it opens the Contents screen, Figure 6.30. Moving
the cursor to the first option within the box (a small
book icon) and clicking on it, will open the EMDEC
Help Topics, see Figure 6.31.

124 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Figure 6.31 Engine Protection Help Screen.
6
These topics include:

• Introduction To Help
• Engine Protection
• Diagnostic Link
• Control Link
• CAN Link
• Tools

Introduction to Help is simply a repeat of the

Introductory help screen.

The Engine Protection help screen, see Figure 6.31,

documents the various elements involved in Engine
Protection, and describes what those sensors monitor
and what parameters the program has to deal with the
data.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 125

 Figure 6.32 Diagnostic Link Help Screen.

Diagnostic Link help screen, see Figure 6.32, simply

tells the operator what the diagnostic link is.

126 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Figure 6.33 Control Link Help Screen.
6
The Control Link help screen, see Figure 6.33,
explains what the control link is, how it works, the PID
(Parameter ID) that corresponds to the link, and gives
an example of the “busy byte” numbers.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 127

 Figure 6.34 CAN Link Help Screen.

The CAN Link help screen, see Figure 6.34, describes

what a CAN link is and does.

128 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Figure 6.35 Faults Help. 6
6.2.11.2 The next item that can be selected from help topics
Faults are Faults. Moving the cursor to the Faults icon (the
second little book) and clicking on it, opens the Fault
Topics, see Figure 6.35.

The list of items under the Faults topic consists of

PID’s (Parameter Identifications) and SID’s (System
Identifications). The majority of the PID’s and SID’s
are in this list.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 129

 Figure 6.36 Parts Help Screen.

The next Topic selectable from the Contents Screen is

parts, see Figure 6.36. This is a list of the common
EMDEC sensor parts, their numbers, and the
Translator box part number.

130 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Figure 6.37 Help Index Box. 6
If the operator closes this help box and then moves the
cursor to the next tabbed item in the top of the Help
Contents Screen, and clicks on it, the Help Index Box
will open, see Figure 6.37.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 131

 Figure 6.38 Help Find Screen.

This box has two fields in it, number1 and number 2.

The number 1 field is a search field, if you move the
cursor there and click on it, then type in the first few
letters of the subject you’re trying to find, the Help
program will search through its data base and try to
find a match. The second field (number 2) has a list of
all the subjects in the database. You can look through
them by moving the cursor to the downwards facing
arrow on the right hand side of the field and clicking
on it. This will cause the list to scroll down, allowing
the operator to read all the items. Once you see an
item you want to see more detail about, move the
cursor over to the item and click on it. This will cause
a blue box to appear on the item you wish to see. This
is called “highlighting”. Once you have highlighted
the item you want, move the cursor to the button
labeled “Display” and click on it. More information
will appear about the item highlighted. Moving the
cursor back to the top of the Help Contents screen,
click on the Find button. This will open the Help
Find screen, see Figure 6.38.
132 Electro-Motive Service Publication
 This screen works basically the same as the Find
feature on the Index screen. There are three fields:

1. Words Search

2. Letters Search

3. Topics Search

In the first you move the cursor to the open field and
then click on it. Type in the first words of the subject
you are trying to find.

In the second the operator can scroll down (again, by

moving the cursor to the downwards facing arrows to
the right of the field and clicking on them) and select
matching words and letters from the list. This selection
is done by moving the cursor to the words or letters
you wish to select and clicking on them. This will
highlight the selected words or letters. The operator
will then move the cursor to the right, where there are
five buttons. These buttons are: 6
• Clear
• Options
• Find Similar
• Find Now
• Rebuild

Moving the cursor to the Clear button and clicking on

it will clear the field that is active (the one you’ve been
typing in).

The options button will let you select from a couple of

choices for finding items in the search.

Find similar allows you to search for something similar

to an item you’ve already selected in the active field.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 133

 Find now tells the program to search for what you’ve
identified immediately.

Rebuild rebuilds the list that the choices can be made

from.

At the bottom of the Help Find screen are two more

fields, the one on the left will tell you how many topics
have been found after a search, and the one on the
right identifies the search criteria that was selected
(ie: alphabetical, etc).

There are three buttons along the bottom of the Help

Find screen, Display, Print, and Cancel. If you
highlight an item in the #3 or topic field, you can then
move the cursor to the Display button, click on it, and
your topic detail will appear. Print is an option when a
printer is connected to the computer being used (note
that the button is faded, indicating that it isn’t active at
this time). Cancel will close the Help Find box and
return the operator to the main screen again.

Note that WinEMMON Help is a work in progress. As

other information becomes available, it will be added
to the program periodically.

134 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 *** DEMO *** EMMON V. 11 *** DEMO ***
SENDER (mid 128) RCVR1 (mid 175) RCVR2 (mid 183)
SOFTWARE VERSION 1.5 SOFTWARE VERSION 1.5 SOFTWARE VERSION
CAL/REV 16A00001/002 CAL/REV 16B00001/002 CAL/REV
EMDEC PART# 40054073 EMDEC PART# 40054073 EMDEC PART#

ENGINE PARAMETERS INJECTOR RESPONSE TIME (ms)

Engine oil pressure psi 1)0.56 2)0.56 3)0.56 4)0.56
Engine oil temperature deg F 5)0.56 6)0.56 7)0.56 8)0.56
Engine coolant pressure psi 9)0.56 10)0.56 11)0.56 12)0.56
Inlet fuel pressure psi 13)0.56 14)0.56 15)0.56 16)0.56
Airbox Pressure in hg 17) 18) 19) 20)
Inlet Fuel temperature deg F
Sender inj. pulse width deg REAL-TIME DIAGNOSTICS
Rcvr1 inj. pulse width deg
% Allowed torque %
Battery voltage volts
Crankcase pressure
Engine speed rpm
RPM setpoint rpm
Sender start of injection deg
Rcvrl start of injection deg

ESC-Quit F1-Parameters F2-Injectors F3-Diagnostics F4-Download

F5-Sensor A/D Values F6-Digital I/O Pins

Figure 6.39 PC Reader Main Screen.

6.3.1 The main PC Reader screen consists of six separate

6
PC Reader Main information areas, or dialogue boxes, plus a list of
Screen function keys located across the bottom of the screen.

Each of these areas operates independent of the others,

and portrays a different type of data.

6.3.1.1 The three boxes across the top of the screen (figure
ECM Data Boxes 6.39) display ECM identification data. The boxes
labeled, from left to right:
• Sender,
• Receiver 1, and,
• Receiver 2.
Although all three boxes are on display, the
information fields in the Receiver 2 box will be blank
when working with a 8, 12 or 16-cylinder engine. This
box only applies when working with a twenty-cylinder
engine with three ECM’s.
EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 135
 SENDER (mid 128) RCVR1 (mid 175) RCVR2 (mid 183)
SOFTWARE VERSION 3.0 SOFTWARE VERSION 3.0 SOFTWARE VERSION
CAL/REV 16A00001/002 CAL/REV 16B00001/002 CAL/REV
EMDEC PART# 40054073 EMDEC PART# 40054073 EMDEC PART#

ENGINE PARAMETERS INJECTOR RESPONSE TIME (ms)

Engine oil pressure psi 1)0.56 2)0.56 3)0.56 4)0.56
Engine oil temperature deg F 5)0.56 6)0.56 7)0.56 8)0.56
Engine coolant pressure psi 9)0.56 10)0.56 11)0.56 12)0.56
Inlet fuel pressure psi 13)0.56 14)0.56 15)0.56 16)0.56
Airbox Pressure in hg 17) 18) 19) 20)
Inlet Fuel temperature deg F
Sender inj. pulse width deg REAL-TIME DIAGNOSTICS
Rcvr1 inj. pulse width deg
% Allowed torque % ACTI
Battery voltage volts
Crankcase pressure
Engine speed rpm
RPM setpoint rpm
Sender start of injection deg
Rcvrl start of injection deg
% max fuel (Engine R) % ACTIVE CODE C to clear

ESC-Quit F1-Parameters F2-Injectors F3-Diagnostics F4-Download

F5-Sensor A/D Values F6-Digital I/O Pins

Figure 6.40 ECM Data Dialogue Boxes.

The information contained in these boxes shows:

• the MID code for the ECM,

• the calibration number, and,
• version of ECM software.

This will be useful when determining if the software

loaded in the ECM's is correct for the application.
The boxes serve one other useful function. Having
information shown in the boxes also serves to show
the ECM's are communicating correctly to the PC
Reader.

6.3.1.2 On the left side of the main screen is a large box

Engine Parameter labeled "Parameters" (figure 6.40). The data shown in
Data Box this area is real time feedback from the various engine
sensors. In addition, other data critical to engine
operation is also displayed in this dialogue box. This
other information is based on ECM calculations, and
signals sent to the EM2000.
136 Electro-Motive Service Publication
 SENDER (mid 128) RCVR1 (mid 175) RCVR2 (mid 183)
SOFTWARE VERSION 3.0 SOFTWARE VERSION 3.0 SOFTWARE VERSION
CAL/REV 16A00001/002 CAL/REV 16B00001/002 CAL/REV
EMDEC PART# 40054073 EMDEC PART# 40054073 EMDEC PART#

ENGINE PARAMETERS INJECTOR RESPONSE TIME (ms)

Engine oil pressure psi 1)0.56 2)0.56 3)0.56 4)0.56
Engine oil temperature deg F 5)0.56 6)0.56 7)0.56 8)0.56
Engine coolant pressure psi 9)0.56 10)0.56 11)0.56 12)0.56
Inlet fuel pressure psi 13)0.56 14)0.56 15)0.56 16)0.56
Airbox Pressure in hg 17) 18) 19) 20)
Inlet Fuel temperature deg F
Sender inj. pulse width deg REAL-TIME DIAGNOSTICS
Rcvr1 inj. pulse width deg
% Allowed torque % ACTI
Battery voltage volts
Crankcase pressure
Engine speed rpm
RPM setpoint rpm
Sender start of injection deg
Rcvrl start of injection deg
% max fuel (Engine R) % ACTIVE CODE C to clear

ESC-Quit F1-Parameters F2-Injectors F3-Diagnostics F4-Download

F5-Sensor A/D Values F6-Digital I/O Pins

Figure 6.41 Engine Parameter Dialogue Box.

As shown in figure 6.41, all sensor feedbacks such as

pressures and temperatures are displayed. For example,
the lube oil pressure and temperature may be
6
monitored on this screen.

The signal called "Battery Voltage" is actually the

output of the 24 VDC power supply. This is an easy
way to assess the condition of the output. Remember
that the power supply must be 24 VDC plus or minus
10%.

Shown in this area are the base pulse widths and the
base start of injection for the Sender and Receiver
ECM (s). Normally the data shown for the different
ECM's should be very similar. A large variation
between Sender and Receiver indicates a serious
problem. Again, this is very important information to
have when diagnosing engine problems.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 137

 There are two signals that are extremely valuable for
troubleshooting. The first one is Engine Ratio, that was
discussed in the Load Control Section. It is the bottom
line of the box and is labeled as "% max fuel".
The second signal is labeled "% allowable torque".

If EMDEC is satisfied with the performance sensor

inputs (fuel temp, fuel pressure, air temp, and air
pressure), it will maintain this signal at 100%.

If EMDEC itself must cut back on horsepower

because of an engine performance problem (such as
low boost pressure), this signal will be reduced.

Reducing the allowable torque signal has the effect of

lowering the top ends of the fuel maps. This in essence
will increase the Engine_R signal to the EM2000,
causing it to reduce generator excitation.

Remember the three signals.

On a properly operating engine in a steady load state:

ENGINE_R < 87%

%ALLOWABLE TORQUE = 100%
LR%MAX = 100%

138 Electro-Motive Service Publication

6.3.1.3 To change or rearrange parameters displayed in the
Editing The Main dialogue box:
Screen
1. Press the F1-Parameters key on the EMMON
Main screen.

Two columns will appear. The left column lists

parameters that are displayed, the right column is
the choice of parameters available.

PARAMETER SELECTION UTILITY

SELECTED PARAMETERS MONITOR-ABLE PARAMETER LIST

Engine oil pressure Engine oil pressure psi
Engine oil temperature Engine oil temperature deg F
Engine coolant pressure Engine coolant pressure psi
Inlet fuel pressure Inlet fuel pressure psi
Airbox pressure Airbox pressure in hg
Inlet fuel temperature Inlet fuel temperature deg F
Sender inj. pulse width Sender inj. pulse width deg
Rcvr1 inj. pulse width Rcvr1 inj. pulse width deg
% Allowed torque Rcvr2 inj. pulse width deg
Battery voltage % max fuel (Engine_R) %
Crankcase pressure
Engine speed
Battery voltage
Crankcase pressure
Engine speed
volts

rpm
6
RPM setpoint
Sender start of injection RPM setpoint rpm
Rcvr1 start of injection Sender start of injection deg

Use ARROW keys to move highlight bar INS-add to selected parameters

ESC-exit F1- load list F2-save list DEL-remove from selected parameters
Quick Selects: P-Power S-Sensors 1-Favorite #1 2-Favorite #2

Figure 6.42 Engine Parameter Selection Utility Screen.

2. Shift between the columns by using the

horizontal arrow keys.

Move the cursor to the desired column and the

first item will be highlighted in a white box in
bold print.

Move the highlighted box using the vertical

arrow keys.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 139

 3. Press the DELETE key to remove items selected
from the left column.

4. Press the INSERT key to insert items selected

from the right column, into open lines on the left
column.

The operator cannot insert parameters into the

left column unless blank lines are available.

5. Hit the ESC key to return to the display screen.

6. To save the set up, press F2 and name the file as

desired (i.e. “cool” for the Cooling System).

140 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 SENDER (mid 128) RCVR1 (mid 175) RCVR2 (mid 183)
SOFTWARE VERSION 3.0 SOFTWARE VERSION 3.0 SOFTWARE VERSION
CAL/REV 16A00001/002 CAL/REV 16B00001/002 CAL/REV
EMDEC PART# 40054073 EMDEC PART# 40054073 EMDEC PART#

ENGINE PARAMETERS INJECTOR RESPONSE TIME (ms)

Engine oil pressure psi 1)0.56 2)0.56 3)0.56 4)0.56
Engine oil temperature deg F 5)0.56 6)0.56 7)0.56 8)0.56
Engine coolant pressure psi 9)0.56 10)0.56 11)0.56 12)0.56
Inlet fuel pressure psi 13)0.56 14)0.56 15)0.56 16)0.56
Airbox Pressure in hg 17) 18) 19) 20)
Inlet Fuel temperature deg F
Sender inj. pulse width deg REAL-TIME DIAGNOSTICS
Rcvr1 inj. pulse width deg
% Allowed torque % ACTI
Battery voltage volts
Crankcase pressure
Engine speed rpm
RPM setpoint rpm
Sender start of injection deg
Rcvrl start of injection deg
% max fuel (Engine R) % ACTIVE CODE C to clear

ESC-Quit F1-Parameters F2-Injectors F3-Diagnostics F4-Download

F5-Sensor A/D Values F6-Digital I/O Pins

Figure 6.43 Injector Response Times.

6.3.1.4 On the right side of the main screen are two smaller
Injector Response boxes. The upper of the two is labeled "Injector
Time Response Times" (figure 6.43). 6
The data shown in this area contains real time
feedback of injector response times from the ECM's.
Note that while there are spaces for twenty injectors
(corresponding to engine cylinder numbers), not all
will contain data on every application (depends on how
many cylinders the engine you are working on has).

The display also indicates problems with the electrical

side of the injectors.

Response times should remain stable throughout the

entire engine speed range. Response times should be
between 1.20 - 1.60 ms, and there should be little
variance between cylinders.

6.3.1.5 To utilize the F2-Injector Screen, reference the

Using The Injector Injector Calibration Codes section on page 124 for
Screen more information.
EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 141
 SENDER (mid 128) RCVR1 (mid 175) RCVR2 (mid 183)
SOFTWARE VERSION 3.0 SOFTWARE VERSION 3.0 SOFTWARE VERSION
CAL/REV 16A00001/002 CAL/REV 16B00001/002 CAL/REV
EMDEC PART# 40054073 EMDEC PART# 40054073 EMDEC PART#

ENGINE PARAMETERS INJECTOR RESPONSE TIME (ms)

Engine oil pressure psi 1)0.56 2)0.56 3)0.56 4)0.56
Engine oil temperature deg F 5)0.56 6)0.56 7)0.56 8)0.56
Engine coolant pressure psi 9)0.56 10)0.56 11)0.56 12)0.56
Inlet fuel pressure psi 13)0.56 14)0.56 15)0.56 16)0.56
Airbox Pressure in hg 17) 18) 19) 20)
Inlet Fuel temperature deg F
Sender inj. pulse width deg REAL-TIME DIAGNOSTICS
Rcvr1 inj. pulse width deg
% Allowed torque % ACTIOil pressure low
128
Battery voltage volts 128 Fuel pressure high
Crankcase pressure 128 pid 231 sensor
Engine speed rpm 128 Fuel temperature sensor
RPM setpoint rpm
Sender start of injection deg
Rcvrl start of injection deg
% max fuel (Engine R) % ACTIVE CODE C to clear

ESC-Quit F1-Parameters F2-Injectors F3-Diagnostics F4-Download

F5-Sensor A/D Values F6-Digital I/O Pins

Figure 6.44 Fault Data - Real Time Diagnostics.

6.3.1.6 On the lower right side of the main screen is a box

Fault Data labeled "Real Time Diagnostics" (figure 6.44).
The data shown in this area contains real time
feedback of active and inactive system faults.

The “Real Time Diagnostics” screen is limited in size

and the type of information displayed. Therefore an
identification number and brief description of the
fault is shown. Active faults will be shown in black
type that is blinking, inactive faults will be displayed in
solid white type.

142 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 EMDEC DIAGNOSTIC MONITORING UTILITY MID:
PID FMI Count
21 Data valid but above/below normal range 3

30 Data valid but above/below normal shorted high/low 5

(31)

45 Volt. above/below normal shorted high/low 2

62 Volt above/below nornal shorted high/low 8

(Hit F3 key to show a list of all faults)

Details Select Record C - Clear Record ACTIVE CODE

Esc - QUIT F1 - Create File F2 - Change MID INACTIVE CODE

Figure 6.45 Fault Data - Diagnostic Screen.

6.3.2 Due to main screen limitations, a more extensive fault

diagnostic screen is provided.
Using The
Diagnostics 6
Screen 1. At the EMMON main screen, press
F3- Diagnostics to select the diagnostics or
EMDEC fault archive feature.

2. The list of archived diagnostics will be displayed

on the screen. Active faults are shown in red,
inactive faults are shown in green, or light on dark
text on monochrome screens.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 143

6.3.2.1 1. Select F2 Change MID to view the faults on the
To View The Faults other ECM's.

2. Press C to clear Inactive faults. They can be

cleared one at a time.

3. Active Faults cannot be cleared, and must be

corrected.

4. Once an active fault is corrected, it will become

inactive.

5. Use the arrow keys to scroll through the faults.

Press <RET> for details on the fault selected.

6.3.2.2 1. Press F1-Create File. A box will appear that

To Save Archived requests the file name.
Faults To A File
(EMDEC Fault 2. Type in the file name (i.e. 82340912.128 for the
Download) Sender, 82340912.175 for Receiver 1), and press
<RET>.

This file will be saved in the emdec directory

and can be viewed and printed in any Windows
compatible word processing program (such as
Microsoft Word).

3. Press ESC to return to the EMMON main

screen.

144 Electro-Motive Service Publication

6.3.3 1. Shut down the engine, and write down on a piece
Using The of paper, the cylinder number with the individual
Download injector calibration codes stamped on top portion
Function of the injector solenoid.

2. If already in EMMON, go to step 5. Otherwise,

start up the PC Reader program EMMON.

Programming Tip!
The EMMON program will not function correctly through
Windows, even with MS-DOS prompt within Windows.
Exit Windows completely before using EMMON.

3. Within DOS, change the directory to EMDEC or

PCREADER as shown below:

C:\cd emdec or pcreader

At this point, plug in the EMDEC translator box 6

cable (Kit # 40055368) to the EMDEC
communications port within the #1 Electrical
cabinet, and to the laptop.

Programming Tip!
If experiencing difficulty communicating with EMDEC,
check to see if the PRG300 is in boost mode. EMDEC
does not function, or program well with low battery
voltage.

If unable to communicate, or program from the

EMDEC communication connection in the #1
Electrical cabinet, try using the connection
mounted directly on the interface board back
in the AC Cabinet.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 145

 4. Type EMMON, and the PC Reader program
should begin. After the reader displays the home
page, check the EMDEC part number located in
the upper left hand corner. Write the EMDEC
part number down.

CAUTION:
Do not apply 108% EMDEC software to a locomotive that
previously had 100% software. Incorrect software could
result in catastrophic engine failure.

Check the EMDEC part number to make sure

you are applying the correct software version.

5. From the EMMON Main screen, press

F4-Download to select the download feature.

6. Insert the correct EMDEC software disk into the

disk drive.

7. The screen will ask you to select the appropriate

drive, A or B. Press the appropriate key, A or B,
and the system will automatically load the
calibration software into the laptop.

8. A menu screen will appear that offers eight

selections:

1. Sender Program and Calibration.

2. Sender Calibration Only.
3. Recvr1 Program and Calibration.
4. Recvr1 Calibration Only.
5. Recvr2 Program and Calibration
6. Recvr2 Calibration Only.
7. Escape.
8. M - Manual Download Options.

146 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Esc-Quit DOWNLOADING UTILITY V 2.0

Disk Information
EMDEC Part #: 40063623 Order 3: 946501

20-710G3B-ES: Mod 'd PW Tbl for +Low End P

erf; Upper Cool Lim

Automatic Download options

1) Download SENDER program and calibration
2) Download SENDER calibration only
3) Download RCVR1 program and calibration
4) Download RCVR1 calibration only
5) Download RCVR2 program and calibration
6) Download RCVR2 calbration only

ESC-Quit M-Manual Download Options

Figure 6.46 Downloading Utility Screen.

9. The disk information window contains the

EMDEC part number of the software being
applied, the order number it should be applied 6
to and some miscellaneous information on the
engine. The box below the disk information box
is the download options window. In the lower
right hand portion of the “Automatic Download
option” there is an option choice for Manual
Download mode. In this case, the ECM not
being programmed must have the power
disconnected. Please note: if programming a
blank ECM or new ECM or cross-programming
ECM’s, the Manual Download mode must be
used. Whatever mode displayed around the
download options is actually the mode you are in.
For instance, the programmer is in the Automatic
Downloading mode.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 147

 Programming Tip!
If programming a blank ECM or experiencing difficulties
programming a used ECM, try unplugging the power
harness on the opposite ECM (s). This can be easily
done by unplugging the PS plug for Sender, and PR1
plug for receiver in the AC cabinet.

10. Place the program option into Automatic

Download mode.

11. Press 1 to begin programming the software for

the Sender ECM. If loading calibration software
only, press 2 (Please note: loading calibration
software is only allowed when upgrading cals
with the same software. For example - going from
100% software to 108% software or back). The
screen will prompt you to turn ON and turn
OFF the ENGINE CONTROL circuit breaker
at appropriate times to boot the system. The
ECM should be programmed in approximately
11 minutes.

148 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 12. Immediately after loading the program, the
system will automatically load the calibration
software. Upon completion of the Sender
download, the system will once again prompt
you to turn the ENGINE CONTROL Circuit
Breaker ON and OFF.

13. If programming was a success, the programming

screen will reappear. Now that the Sender ECM
has been programmed, the Receiver 1 ECM
needs to be programmed.

14. Press 3 to program the Receiver 1. Again, if

loading calibration software only, press 4. The
screen will prompt you to turn ON and OFF the
ENGINE CONTROL circuit breaker at
appropriate times to boot the system.

15. Immediately after loading the program, the

system will automatically load the calibration 6
software. Upon completion of the Receiver1
download, the system will once again prompt you
to turn the ENGINE CONTROL Circuit
Breaker ON and OFF.

Programming Tip!
If experiencing downloading difficulties at this
point, try shutting down the laptop and rebooting.
Go back to the EMMON and start programming
at step 13.

16. If programming a 20-cylinder engine, press 5 to

program the Receiver 2. As before, cycle the
ENGINE CONTROL Circuit Breaker as
instructed upon completion of the download.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 149

 17. If programming was a sucess, the programming
screen will reappear. Now that the Receiver 1
ECM has been programmed, the Receiver 2
ECM (if equipped with a 20-cylinder engine)
needs to be programmed.

Programming Tip!
If experiencing downloading difficulties at this point,
try shutting down the laptop and rebooting. Go back
into EMMON and start programming at step 15.

18. If experiencing difficulty programming the

ECM’s, try changing the programming mode to
Manual Download by pressing M on the key-
board from the ECM Programming Screen. In
the Manual Download mode, the power of the
ECM not being programmed must be
disconnected.

19. To program the Sender ECM in Manual mode,

disconnect the power connection (See Figure
6.47) from the Receiver 1 ECM and Receiver 2
ECM if equipped. Follow the programming steps
11 through 13.

150 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Please note: For a 20-cylinder 710 engine,
facing the accessory end of the engine, the
Sender ECM will be the center ECM, the
Receiver 1 ECM will be to the left
“conductor’s side of locomotive” and Receiver 2
will be on the right side of the “engineer’s side
of locomotive.”

For 16-cylinder platform style 710 engine, the

Sender ECM will be on the right “engineer’s
side of the locomotive” and the Receiver ECM
will be on the left “conductor’s side of
locomotive”.

For 16-cylinder side mounted ECM’s, the

Sender ECM will be on the right “engineer’s
side of locomotive” and the Receiver will be on
the left “conductor’s side of locomotive.”

6
ECM Power Connection

Figure 6.47 ECM Power Connector Top View.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 151

 20. Repeat steps 13 and 14 for Receiver 1 with all
other ECM’s disconnected and steps 15 and 16
for Receiver 2 if equipped with all other ECM
power disconnected.

21. From the EMMON main screen, verify the

software version and calibration number at the
top of the page agree with the Software disk.

22. Once the ECM’s have been successfully

programmed, the injector calibration codes must
be entered. Please reference the Section titled
USING THE INJECTOR CALIBRATION
CODES (F2) Programming the Injector
Calibration Codes.

WARNING:
Remember, the software must only be used in
conjunction with the respective injector calibration codes
that are inscribed on each injector body. The calibration
codes must be entered after new software has been
applied to both the Sender ECM and Receiver ECM’s.
The calibration codes will default to either --, 1 or 50
after the ECM has been programmed. As a result, the
injector calibration codes must be entered properly, this
software will not function as intended, and faulty engine
operation may result.

152 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 23. After entering the calibration codes, from the
EMMON main screen, Press F3 - Diagnostics
for the fault archive of EMDEC. If there are
any faults in the archive, press C to clear each
individual fault. After clearing out all the
faults from MID 128, press F2 to switch to the
Receiver ECM’s archive. The number in the
upper right-hand corner should switch to MID
175. If there are any faults in the archive, press
C to clear.

If equipped with a 20-cylinder engine, Press F2

again to switch to Receiver 2 ECM. Clear out the
faults, if any, in the archive. Press ESC key to
quit the diagnostics screen.

24. After the engine has started, check the

diagnostics screen within EMMON for any
faults. If any faults were logged, investigate.
Otherwise, exit EMMON by pressing the ESC 6
key twice.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 153

 <<< ADC Counts >>>

Fuel Temperature 0 0.00 Volts

Air Temperature 0 0.00 volts
Oil Temperature 0 0.00 volts
Coolant Temperature 0 0.00 volts
Oil Pressure 0 0.00 volts
Turbo Pressure 0 0.00 volts
Barometer 0 0.00 volts
Throttle Position 0 0.00 volts
PTO Position 0 0.00 volts
Coolant Level 0 0.00 volts
Fuel Pressure 0 0.00 volts
Battery Voltage 0 0.00 volts
Sensor Supply Voltage 0 0.00 volts
Oil Level 0 0.00 volts
Fire Pressure 0 0.00 volts
Crankcase Pressure 0 0.00 volts
Blower Door Position 0 0.00 volts
Coolant Pressure 0 0.00 volts

Figure 6.48 ADC Count Screen.

6.3.4 1. From the EMMON main screen, press

Using The Sensor F5 - Sensor A/D Values.
A/D Value Screen
A list of sensors will appear in the left-hand column.
Some values will not displayed, specifically if the
sensor is not configured, please reference the
EMREPORT for sensor configuration. The last
column lists the voltage as seen by the Sender
ECM. The sensor voltage feedback should be
within the specified voltage range provided in the
sensor troubleshooting procedures in Chapter 8.

154 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 <<< Digital I/O >>>

INPUTS OUTPUTS

PIN FUNCTION STATE PIN FUNCTION INTENDED ACTUAL

J1 B2
F1 B1
G3 F3
F2 A2
J2 S3
G2 T3
G1 W3
E1 X3
H1 Y3
H2 A1
K2
K3

(Esc to return to Monitor, F1 to see a list of digital functions)

Figure 6.49 Digital Input Output Screen.

6.3.5 1. From the EMMON main screen, Press

F6 - Digital I/O Pins.
Using The Digital
I/O Pins
6
A list of pin locations will appear in the left-hand
column (See Figure 6.49). The second column
lists a set of inputs with their respective status.
The output functions correspond to the status
that EMDEC is in (i.e shutdown status,
ECMON, etc.). The INTENDED column lists
the desired state, and the ACTUAL column
shows the real time status of the function. For
instance, if the engine shutdown bit was
activated, the shutdown function’s actual state
would flash from ON to OFF.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 155

6.3.6 In addition to the real time diagnostic functions,
Other PC Reader discussed earlier, the PC Reader serves other purposes.
Functions
1. Entering the Injector Calibration Codes.

2. Checking Individual Injectors Using the

EMDEC PC Reader Cylinder Cutout Feature.

6.3.6.1 Each EMDEC injector requires correct calibration be

Injector entered to compensate for assembly line tolerance
Calibration differences in the mechanical portion.
Procedure
Calibration changes the output of each injector to
bring it to a nominal standard.

Therefore, units having trouble making horsepower

with good injectors will benefit from this feature.

It is the electrical equivalent of “setting the rack”, and

must be done any time an injector is renewed.

Codes should also be verified on a periodic basis.

156 Electro-Motive Service Publication

6.3.6.2 1. Before entering Injector calibration codes, ensure
Calibration that the PC Reader software has a Phase III
Process designation on the label.

2. If the disk is not available, the revision level can

be confirmed by looking at the pcreader directory
and verifying that at minimum, an EMMON11a
file or current version exists.

This procedure must only be done when the

engine is shut down.

3. Open each of the top deck covers and:

1. Record the two-digit number that

is scribed on the top of each
cylinder solenoid, and

2. Record the corresponding cylinder

number.
6
4. With the laptop connected to EMDEC through
the translator box, verify that the EMDEC
software level is at least V1.5.

Calibration code cannot be utilized on older

EMDEC revisions.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 157

 EMDEC INJECTOR CALIBRATION / CUTOUT UTILITY

CYLINDER CALIBRATION CUT-OUT

1 50
Engine Configuration
2 50
3 50
20 cylinder 710 new front end
4 50
5 50
6 50
7 50
8 50
9 50 Injector Pulse Width
10 50
11 50 Degrees
12 50
13 50
14 50
15 50
16 50
17 -- Cylinder Cutout Masks
18 -- MID 128 00 (00000000)
19 -- MID 175 00 (00000000)
20 -- MID 183

ESC-Quit F1-Read from ECMS F2-Write to ECMS F3-Toggle cyl cutout

Figure 6.50 Injector Calibration Screen.

6.3.7 1. From the EMMON main screen, press

Entering The F2 - Injectors.
Injector
Calibration A list of cylinders from one to twenty will appear,
Codes followed by a row for the calibrations of each
injector. (Figure 6.50)

If programming a 16-cylinder engine, do not put

any values in the cylinder 17-20 blanks.

2. Enter the calibration numbers for each cylinder

within the calibration row, using the arrow key.

DO NOT PRESS ENTER.

158 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 3. Upon completion of all applicable cylinders,
press F2 - Write to ECM’s to save the calibration
codes to each ECM.

A box will appear requesting a password. Type

0000 and press ENTER. The computer will then
display “uploading to Sender...ok, Receiver1...ok
and Receiver2...ok (if equipped).

4. To verify the upload, press F1- Read From

ECM’s to read the injector calibration codes that
have been stored.

The codes should match the codes just entered.

Press the ESC key to exit the injector screen.

6.3.7.1 1. From the EMMON main screen, press

Checking
Individual
F2 - Injectors. A list of cylinders from
one to twenty will appear (Figure 6.50).
6
Injectors Using
The EMDEC PC
Reader Cylinder
Cutout Feature
WARNING:
DO NOT ATTEMPT THE CYLINDER CUT-OUT
TEST ABOVE THROTTLE 5.

2. Use the arrows to scroll up or down the injector

list. Press F3 - Toggle Cylinder Cutout to cut
injectors in or out.
The screen will display YES next to the injector
calibration code when the cylinder is cut out.

The column under cut-out will be blank when

the injector is cut in. It is not recommended to
cut-out more than one injector at a time.
EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 159
 3. Put locomotive in Load Test and set Throttle to
notch 5. Note the number that is displayed on the
pcreader under the heading Injector Pulsewidth.

4. Select the cylinder to cut out, and toggle F3 to

enable the command.

If the pulsewidth displayed changes when

the cylinder is cut out, the remaining cylinders
have begun compensating for its removal.

This indicates that the cut out injector is healthy.

If the pulsewidth displayed changes when the

cylinder is cut out, the remaining cylinders
are already compensating for its loss of power.

This indicates the injector is not healthy, and

must be removed.

5. Once the cylinder cut out test is completed, scan

the list of cylinders on the PC Reader, and make
sure YES is not displayed indicating that a
cylinder remains cut out.

Use F3 to clear the YES, and cut the cylinder

back in.

6.3.7.2 In the event of an unprogrammed ECM change out,

Software refer to the Software Download Procedures on
Download page 145.
Procedure

160 Electro-Motive Service Publication

6.4 Annunciator or Fault Panel is normally located on the
THE side of the AC electrical cabinet.
ANNUNCIATOR
PANEL The panel: - is the center of the EMDEC
Engine Protection and Diagnostic
System in the locomotive engine
room.

- contains the LED indicating lights

and switches available to the
operating or maintenance crew
to control the EMDEC system
operation and diagnostic function.

HOT OIL LOW OIL LOW WATER

TEMP PRESSURE PRESSURE
6
CRANKCASE STOP CHECK
PRESSURE ENGINE ENGINE

RUN CODE
STOP TEST
SYSTEM
FUEL READY CODE / TEST
INJECTION

Figure 6.51 Annunciator Panel.

6.4.1 The fault indicating lights are used to determine if a

Fault Indicating specific condition has caused an engine protection
Lights (LED’s) shutdown.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 161

 CAUTION:
Following an engine shutdown, DO NOT attempt
to restart the engine until the cause of the
shutdown has been determined and action has
been taken to correct the fault condition.

The following paragraphs describe the fault indicating

lights.

6.4.1.2 The red Hot Oil Temp Light will come on to indicate
Hot Oil that a high engine oil temperature condition has
Temp Light caused an engine shutdown. The EMDEC Engine
Protection System determines this fault when the
engine oil temperature exceeds a specified trip level
for a minimum of 10 seconds.

6.4.1.3 The red Low Oil Pressure Light will come on to

Low Oil indicate that engine lube oil pressure has dropped to a
Pressure Light dangerously low level, and caused an engine shut-
down. The Engine Protection System determines this
fault when engine oil pressure remains below the
specified trip level after a time delay, which will vary
according to engine speed.

6.4.1.4 The red Low Water Pressure Light will come on to

Low Water indicate that a low water flow condition has caused an
Pressure Light engine shutdown. The Engine Protection System
determines this fault when the difference in pressures
between sensing points in the engine cooling system is
greater than a specified value after a time delay relative
to engine speed.

162 Electro-Motive Service Publication

6.4.1.5 The red Crankcase Pressure Light will come on to
Crankcase indicate that a positive crankcase pressure condition
Pressure Light has caused an engine shutdown. This fault is
determined when crankcase pressure increases to a
specified positive trip level after a time delay of 5
seconds with engine at speed. In addition to the fault
light, a protruding button on the crankcase pressure
detector indicates the device has tripped, and caused
the engine to shutdown.

WARNING:
Following an engine shutdown caused by the crankcase
pressure detector, make no further engine room
inspections until the engine has been allowed to cool
off for at least two hours. The action of the pressure
detector indicates the possibility of a condition within
the engine that could ignite hot oil vapors with an
explosive force. DO NOT attempt to restart the engine
until the cause of the detector trip has been determined
and corrected. When activated, the detector must be
6
manually reset by pushing in the reset button. If the
button cannot be reset, DO NOT operate the engine
until the pressure detector has been replaced, as it
may have internal damage.

6.4.1.6 To reset the system, it is necessary to toggle the FUEL

System Reset INJECTION switch on the panel to the OFF (down)
position. When the switch is returned to the RUN
(up) position, the fault light indicating cause of the
shutdown should go OFF, and the System Ready
Light should come back ON.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 163

6.4.1.7 The Engine Diagnostic Lights provide the means to
Engine Diagnostic access the EMDEC self-diagnostic system. The system
Lights continuously monitors itself and the other system
components including sensors, injectors, connectors,
and associated wiring. If a fault is detected during
locomotive operation, one or both of the diagnostic
lights will be illuminated depending on the severity
of the fault. Any faults that occur are stored as codes in
the ECM memory. The stored codes may be accessed
by toggling the CODE/TEST switch on the panel to
the CODE (up) position and observing the "flashing"
displayed on one or both of the diagnostic lights.
This is provided that the power is being supplied to
the EMDEC system (with the engine at idle or
shutdown), and the engine is not in a protection
condition. Moving the switch to the TEST (down)
position will illuminate all lights to ensure their
operation.

6.4.1.8 The red Stop Engine Light (SEL) will come ON to

Stop Engine indicate that a potential engine damaging condition
Light (SEL) has been detected. If the system is programmed to
shutdown for this condition, the engine will shutdown
in approximately 30 seconds and a corresponding
fault indicating light on the annunciator panel will
come ON.

This light is also used to "flash out" the active fault

codes using the TEST/RESET switch on the
annunciator panel. An active code is a fault that is
currently keeping one or both of the diagnostic lights
ON, as well as a corresponding fault light. Active codes
are displayed (flashed) in order from the most recent to
the least recent based on engine running hours. Active
codes are also immediately stored in the ECM memory
as inactive codes.

164 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 NOTE:
The stop engine light (SEL) will come ON for 5 seconds
when power is first applied to the EMDEC system as a
test of the light and system circuit.

6.4.1.9 The yellow Check Engine Light (CEL) will come ON

Check Engine to indicate that a fault has occurred and lasted for at
Light (CEL) least 2 seconds in duration. If the fault goes away, the
light will go out, but a fault code will be stored in the
ECM memory as an inactive code. The condition
should be diagnosed at the next unit service or
maintenance check point.

The light is also used to "flash out" the inactive fault

codes using the CODE/TEST switch on the
annunciator panel. All inactive codes are faults that
have previously occurred. Inactive codes are displayed
(flashed) in order from the most recent to the least
recent based on engine running hours.
6
NOTE:
The Check Engine Light (CEL) will come ON for 5
seconds when power is first applied to the EMDEC
system, as a test of the light and system circuit.

6.4.1.10 This device is a two position latching toggle switch.

Fuel Injection It must be placed in the RUN position in order to start
Switch and operate the diesel engine. It enables fuel
injection. The engine will shutdown whenever this
switch is placed in the STOP position. It disables fuel
injection.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 165

 NOTE:
The Fuel Injection switch provides the ONLY means to
stop the diesel engine from within the engine room.
Placing the fuel injection switch in the STOP position
also allows the engine to be cranked without firing the
cylinders.

To clear a fault indication from the annunciator panel,

the switch is placed momentarily in the STOP (down)
position. When returned to the RUN (up) position,
the fault light should be off and the System Ready
Light should come back ON.

6.4.1.11 The green System Ready Light will be ON provided

System Ready that the power is being supplied to the EMDEC
Light system. This light will be OFF if the engine has been
shutdown using the Emergency Fuel Cut-Off (EFCO)
switch, the M.U. Engine stop switch (on units with
control consoles), or the throttle handle STOP
position (on units with AAR type control stands), and
the engine shutdown circuit has not been reset.

NOTE:
Shutdown circuit is reset by momentarily placing the Fuel
Prime/Engine Start switch in the FUEL PRIME position.

166 Electro-Motive Service Publication

6.4.1.12 This device is a toggle type switch with two
Code/Test Switch momentary contact positions; CODE (up) and TEST
(down), and a spring return to the center (release)
position. This switch is also called the Diagnostic
Request switch.

Holding the switch in the CODE (up) position

activates the EMDEC Self Diagnostic "flash code"
system. This can be done at any time power is being
supplied to the EMDEC system (with the engine at
idle or shutdown), and the engine not in a protection
condition. Active codes will be flashed first on the Stop
Engine Light (SEL) followed by the inactive codes
flashed on the Check Engine Light (CEL).

With the switch held in the TEST position, all of the

indicating lights on the panel should come ON, and
then reset to OFF when the switch is released. If any
light fails to come ON, the annunciator panel needs to
be replaced. 6
NOTE:
Correcting the condition that caused the fault and
resetting the annunciator panel DOES NOT clear the
fault code from the ECM memory. Actual clearing of
codes can only be done using the PC Reader.

6.4.2 The following are the basic procedural steps that can
Reading be used for reading the diagnostic flash codes of the
Diagnostic Codes EMDEC system.
- Flash Method
1. Cycle the injection control switch to the off
position, and observe the yellow Check Engine
Light (CEL) on the annunciator (fault) panel for
inactive codes, and the red stop engine light (SEL)
on the annunciator (fault) panel for active codes.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 167

 a. If the light comes on and stays on, or stays on for
5 seconds and then goes out, proceed to step 2.

b. If light is flashing, then check for an intermittent

condition.

c. If light remains off; hold the CODE/TEST

switch in the TEST position to check LED
indicator lights. If light will then come on,
check for possible opens or grounds in system
wires and connectors.

2. Read out Diagnostic Codes by holding CODE/

TEST switch in the CODE position momentarily
and releasing.

a. If light is flashing out code(s), proceed to step 3.

b. If light remains on, but does not flash out any

code(s), repeat step 1 to check operation of red
Stop Engine Light (SEL).

3. Note and record flash code(s).

a. Light is flashing out code 25, (two blinks, a 1/2

second pause, followed by five blinks) indicates
there are no codes set and system is functioning
normally.

b. Light is flashing out code 52 possibly followed

by other code(s). This indicates an ECM failure
(see code listing to identify other code(s) which
should also be serviced).

c. Light is flashing out code(s) NOT beginning

with code 52, proceed to step 4.

168 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 d. No codes flashing; if problem persists, system
must be checked with PC Reader.

4. Go back to Step 1 to verify codes a second time.

6.4.3 NOTE:
EMDEC The following code listing is presented for reference
Diagnostic Codes only. The list of codes is also contained in the EMM
for engines equipped with EMDEC.

FLASH CODE 14 (SAE 175/3)

* Oil Temperature Sensor (OTS) input voltage to
the ECM is high.

FLASH CODE 15 (SAE 175/4)

* Oil Temperature Sensor (OTS) input voltage to
the ECM is low.
6
FLASH CODE 23 (SAE 174/3)
* Fuel Temperature Sensor (FTS) input voltage
to the ECM is high.

FLASH CODE 24 (SAE 174/4)

* Fuel Temperature Sensor (FTS) input voltage
to the ECM is low.

FLASH CODE 25 (SAE N/A)

* No codes set.

FLASH CODE 32 (SAE 238/4)

* Stop Engine Light (SEL) circuit is open or
shorted to ground.

FLASH CODE 32 (SAE 238/3)

* Check Engine Light (CEL) circuit is shorted to
battery (+), and the ECM is unable to turn on
the Stop Engine Light (SEL).
EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 169
 FLASH CODE 32 (SAE 239/4)
* Check Engine Light (CEL) circuit is open or
shorted to ground.

FLASH CODE 33 (SAE 102/3)

* Turbo Boost Sensor (TBS) input voltage to the
ECM is high.

FLASH CODE 34 (SAE 102/4)

* Turbo Boost Sensor (TBS) input voltage to the
ECM is low.

FLASH CODE 35 (SAE 100/3)

* Oil Pressure Sensor (OPS) input voltage to the
ECM is high.

FLASH CODE 36 (SAE 100/4)

* Oil Pressure Sensor (OPS) input voltage to the
ECM is low.

FLASH CODE 37 (SAE 94/3)

* Fuel Pressure Sensor (FPS) input voltage to the
ECM is high.

FLASH CODE 38 (SAE 94/4)

* Fuel Pressure Sensor (FPS) input voltage to the
ECM is low.

FLASH CODE 41 (SAE 21/0)

* Synchronous Reference Sensor (SRS) has
detected extra pulses, or Timing Reference
Sensor (TRS) has detected missing pulses.

FLASH CODE 42 (SAE 21/1)

* Synchronous Reference Sensor (SRS) has
detected missing pulses, or Timing
Reference Sensor (TRS) has detected extra
pulses.

170 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 FLASH CODE 44 (SAE 175/0)
* Oil Temperature Sensor (OTS) has detected
HIGH engine oil temperature (above safe
operating range).

FLASH CODE 45 (SAE 100/1)

* Oil Pressure Sensor (OPS) has detected LOW
engine oil pressure (below safe operating range).

FLASH CODE 46 (SAE 168/1)

* ECM has detected LOW locomotive battery
supply voltage (below required operating
range).

FLASH CODE 47 (SAE 94/0)

* Fuel Pressure Sensor (FPS) has detected HIGH
fuel supply pressure (above safe operating
range).

FLASH CODE 52 (SAE 254/12) 6

* ECM internal Analog to Digital (A/D) Conver-
tor has malfunctioned. NOTE: This is an
intermittent condition usually caused by faulty
external electrical system.

FLASH CODE 53 (SAE 254/2 or 12)

* ECM unable to read (2) or update (12) an
engine data record (calibration, faults or
accumulators) stored in nonvolatile memory.

FLASH CODE 55 (SAE 248/8 or 9)

* Master ECM has stopped receiving status
information from one (or both) Receiver
ECM's.
OR
Receiver ECM has stopped receiving fueling
information from Master ECM.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 171

 FLASH CODE 56 (SAE 250/12)
* ECM unable to transmit over data link circuit
due to an open or short in the wiring.

FLASH CODE 61 (SAE xxx/0)

* Time from ECM request to turn on injector to
when injector solenoid valve closes, exceeds
high limit of expected range. Injector Subsystem
Identifier (SID) will indicate which cylinder
has injector with long response time. Wide
variations in response time at steady RPM
usually indicate electrical problem. Consistently
long response time may indicate sticking
Solenoid valve.

FLASH CODE 67 (SAE 109/3 or 4)

* Coolant Pressure Sensor (CPS) input voltage to
the ECM is high.
OR
* Coolant Pressure Sensor (CPS) input voltage to
the ECM is low.

FLASH CODE 71 (SAE xxx/0)

* Time from ECM request to turn on injector to
when injector solenoid valve closes, is less than
the lower limit of expected range. Injector
Subsystem Identifier (SID) will indicate which
cylinder has injector with short response time.
Wide variations in response time at steady RPM
usually indicate electrical problem. Consistently
short response time may indicate sticking
solenoid valve.

FLASH CODE 75 (SAE 168/0)

* ECM has detected HIGH locomotive battery
supply voltage (exceeds required operating
range).

172 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 FLASH CODE 81 (SAE 101/3)
* Crankcase Pressure Detector input voltage to
the ECM is high.

FLASH CODE 82 (SAE 101/4)

* Crankcase Pressure Detector input voltage to
the ECM is low.

FLASH CODE 83 (SAE 101/0)

* Crankcase Pressure Detector has detected
HIGH engine crankcase pressure (above safe
operating range).

FLASH CODE 84 (SAE 101/1)

* Crankcase Pressure Detector has detected LOW
engine crankcase pressure (below safe operating
range).

FLASH CODE 88 (SAE 101/1)

* Coolant Pressure Sensor (CPS) has detected 6
LOW engine coolant pressure (below safe
operating range).

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 173

 Notes:

174 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES
7.1 EMDEC Injector Change-Out and
Setting Procedures
7.1.1 Change-Out and Setting Procedures
for 710 Series Electronic Unit Injectors
(including timing procedures)

CAUTION:
All shop safety rules and practice must be followed at
all times during this procedure.

7.1.1.1 Removing Existing Injectors From Engine

1. Apply the locomotive handbrake (locomotive

applications), shutdown the engine and
lockout the start switch. Open the battery
knife switch and remove the start fuse or
otherwise lock out the starting system.

2. Remove the two 7/16” hex-head bolts that 7

secure the oil jumper to the top of the
camshaft bearing bracket and set them
aside.

3. Remove the two 1 1/2” nuts, washers, and

rocker shaft caps that hold the rocker arm
shaft to the rocker arm studs and set them
aside.

4. Carefully lift the rocker arm shaft assembly

up off the rocker arm studs and place it on
the top deck between the camshaft and rocker
arm studs.

5. Remove the flexible fuel jumper lines from

fuel manifold.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 175

 7.1 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

6. Using a 5mm wrench or socket, disconnect

the two injector wire harness leads to each
injector.

7. Remove the 5/8” crab nut and special washer

that secure the injector to the cylinder head
and set them aside. Remove the injector crab
and set it aside.

8. Making sure the adapter ring stays in the

cylinder head, carefully remove the injector
from the engine. After the injector is removed
from the engine, drain any unused fuel from
injector, cap the jumper lines, and place
injector in a suitable shipping container for
return.

9. Protect injector well to prevent foreign

material or debris from entering.

7.1.1.2 Installing New Injectors In Engine

NOTE:
Several jumper failures have been attributed to
mishandling. The injector should never be handled
by the jumper lines. The proper way to handle the
injector is by the body.

1. Handling the injector by the body, carefully

install in the cylinder head, taking care to
center it between the valves.

2. Record the two digit calibration code etched

in the top of the injector solenoid. This will
be required to calibrate the injector.

3. Position injector crab assembly. Using a

calibrated torque wrench, tighten the injector
crab nut to 50 ft-lb.
176 Electro-Motive Service Publication
 7.1 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

4. Carefully reinstall the rocker arm assembly.

Using a calibrated torque wrench, tighten
each nut to 300 ft-lb.

5. Ensure the oil jumper gasket is in place.

Reinstall the two 7/16” hex-head bolts to
secure the jumper to the camshaft bearing
bracket. Using a calibrated torque wrench,
tighten the bolts to 7 ft-lb.

6. Install new o-rings (P/N 40061536) in both

fuel manifolds connections.

7. Loosely connect the end of the supply jumper

(left) to the supply manifold (left upper).
Repeat for the return jumper (right) to the
return manifold.

CAUTION:
If any clearance between the hose and other
machinery is found to be less than 1/8”, the hose
needs to be reset before tightening. 7
NOTE:
Two wrenches are required to tighten the ends of the
jumper lines. The jumper line will fail if twisted or kinked.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 177

 7.1 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

8. Using a 3/4” open end wrench to hold the hex

of the swivel fitting on the supply line in
position, hand tighten the swivel nut to the
fuel manifold with a 15/16” open end wrench.

9. Repeat step 7 for the return line.

10. Using a calibrated torque wrench, tighten

each jumper manifold connection fitting to
40 ft-lb.

11. With one person at an emergency fuel cut-off

station, leak test the fuel system by operating
the fuel pump with the engine still shut down.
Particular attention should be given to the
jumper line connections at the injector body
and fuel manifolds.

NOTE:
If any leaks are observed, the fuel pump should be
immediately stopped by depressing one of the
Emergency Fuel Cut-Off switches.

12. Reconnect the two injector harness leads.

The solenoid is not polarity sensitive so
crossing the leads will not cause the injector
to malfunction. Torque the terminal screws on
the solenoid to 7 inch lbs (0.6 ft lbs).

NOTE:
The injector solenoid screw will not withstand excessive
torque. Extreme care should be exercised to prevent
breakage of the screw due to overtorque.

178 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 7.1 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

13. Use the PC reader program to enter the

calibration code for the replacement injector.
Refer to Chapter 6 for the calibration
procedure.

14. After starting the engine, check for blow-by

between the injector body and the cylinder
head. Also ensure that the valve mechanism
is functioning properly and is adequately
lubricated.

7.1.1.3 Timing The Electronic Unit Injectors

1. Bar engine over in the normal direction of

rotation until flywheel pointer indicates the
correct crankshaft position in degrees relative
to top dead center of the cylinder being
timed. Refer to setting instructions on
Injector Timing Plate (located on right rear
side of crankcase).
NOTE:
7
Always refer to the proper EMM and timing plate affixed
to the right rear corner of the engine for correct setting
procedures.

2. Slowly run each injector follower adjusting

screw down until it bottoms, then back off
1- 1/2 turns.

3. Tighten adjusting screw locknut while

holding adjusting screw in position with a
screwdriver.

4. Perform for each cylinder in the engine.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 179

 7.1 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

7.1.2 Change-Out Procedure for H Series

EMDEC Fuel Pumps and Injector Nozzles

CAUTION:
All shop safety rules and practices must be followed at
all times during this procedure.

7.1.2.1 Change-Out of Injection Nozzles

1. Apply the locomotive hand brake and shut

down the engine. Open the battery Knife
switch and lock out the EFCO with a lock
or tag.

2. Remove the rocker box cover from the

cylinder to be worked on. (figure 7.1)

Figure 7.1 Rocker Box Cover.

180 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 7.1 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

3. Remove clamp from internal fuel lines using

3/8” ratchet and internal hex socket.
(figure 7.2)

Figure 7.2 Internal Fuel Line Clamp.

4. Disconnect high pressure fuel line from

pump and nozzle; remove line. (figure 7.3)

Figure 7.3 High Pressure Fuel Line.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 181

 7.1 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

NOTE:
The rocker arm assembly is shown removed in the
following illustrations for clarity. DO NOT REMOVE IN
SERVICE CHANGE-OUT OF PUMP AND NOZZLES!

5. Disconnect and remove nozzle bleed line.

(figure 7.4)

Figure 7.4 Nozzle Bleed Line.

6. Remove the two nozzle flange retainer bolts.

(figure 7.5)

Figure 7.5 Nozzle Flange Bolts.

182 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 7.1 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

7. Remove nozzle and flange from cylinder

head with nozzle puller Part # 40080121 by
threading the puller onto the high pressure
fuel line connection. Slide the hammer
portion upwards with a brisk motion to lift
the nozzle assembly.

CAUTION:
Ensure tool is held in line with nozzle and guard
against pinching hand between sliding and fixed
portions of puller. (figure 7.6)

7
Figure 7.6 Nozzle Puller.

8. Using new o-rings, apply nozzle flange to new

nozzle and insert assembly into cylinder head;
ensure assembly is fully seated.

9. Loosely start retainer flange bolts.

10. Apply injector bleed line between nozzle

flange and rocker box.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 183

 7.1 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

11. Torque retainer flange bolts per current

torque specs card.

12. Apply high pressure fuel line; torque per

reference card.

13. Apply internal fuel line clamp.

14. Close battery knife switch and run “Fuel

System Check” from the EM2000 computer.
Examine all fuel lines for evidence of leakage.

15. Release EFCO switch and start engine.

Examine pump and nozzle for proper
operation; check for high pressure fuel
leakage correcting as required.

16. Replace rocker box cover.

7.1.2.2 Change-Out of Injection Pumps

CAUTION:
NOTE:
All shop safety rules and practices must be followed
at all times during this procedure.

NOTE:
The pump may be changed out at the same time as the
nozzle or as a separate unit.

1. Apply the locomotive hand brake and shut

down the engine. Open the battery Knife
switch and lock out the EFCO with a lock
or tag.

184 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 7.1 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

2. Remove the rocker box cover from the

cylinder to be worked on. (figure 7.7)

Figure 7.7 Rocker Box Cover.

3. Remove clamp from internal fuel lines using

3/8” ratchet and internal hex socket.
(figure 7.8)

Figure 7.8 Fuel Line Clamp.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 185

 7.1 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

4. Disconnect injection pump wires and fuel

supply and return lines ant the pump. Secure
them back out of the way of further steps.

5. Disconnect high pressure fuel line from

pump and nozzle; remove line. (figure 7.9)

Figure 7.9 High Pressure Fuel Line Removal.

186 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 7.1 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

6. Loosen the four fuel pump mounting bolts;

DO NOT REMOVE THE BOLTS FROM
THE PUMP AS THE WASHERS WILL
DROP INTO THE ENGINE!!

NOTE:
The rocker arm assembly is shown removed in the
f“VICE CHANGE-OUT OF PUMP AND
NOZZLES!

7. Carefully lift pump, bolts, and pushrod from

cylinder head as an assembly. Do not drop
pushrod. (figure 7.10)

Figure 7.10 Injection Pump.

8. Apply pushrod, bolts, and washers to new
pump assembly.

9. Carefully set assembly into cylinder head

ensuring proper engagement of pushrod with
cam follower.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 187

 7.1 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

10. Tighten bolts in sequence until pump fully

seats in cylinder head.

11. Torque mounting bolts per reference card.

12. Apply wires to pump; note that these leads are

not polarity sensitive.

13. Apply high pressure fuel line to pump and

nozzle; torque per reference card.

14. Using new o-rings, reconnect fuel supply and

return lines to pump.

15. Replace fuel line clamp.

16. Close battery knife switch and run “Fuel

System Check” from the EM2000 computer.
Examine all fuel lines for evidence of leakage.

17. Release EFCO switch and start engine.

Examine pump and nozzle for proper
operation; check for high pressure fuel leakage
correcting as required.

18. Replace rocker box cover.

NOTE:
At the time this document was published the
H Series injection pump requires no adjustment.
However, in the future it is likely that you will be
required to enter a calibration code into the ECMs in
the same manner as with the 710 Series of engines.
There will be a two digit cal code stamped on the top of
the injection pump. Follow the same procedures as the
710 for loading the codes into the ECMS.

188 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 7.2 TROUBLESHOOTING TRS & SRS

7.2 TRS/SRS BRACKET APPLICATION AND

ADJUSTMENT

7.2.1 Checking The Sensor Airgaps

1) All shop safety rules and practices must

be followed at all times during this
procedure.

2) Apply the locomotive handbrake and

shutdown the engine. Open the battery
knife switch and remove the Start fuse.

3) Remove the door from the flywheel

guard in order to access the TRS
(outermost) sensor. Measure the airgap
from the closest timing spoke to the
sensor. It must be no larger than 0.150
inch. If necessary, open each of the
cylinder relief valves and bar the engine
over until a timing spoke is positioned in
front of the TRS sensor. Use gauge 7
P/N 40094650 to check the gap.

4) If the gap exceeds 0.150 inch, reset the

airgap by adjusting the 1/4 inch screw
located at the top of the bracket (See
figure 7.11, page 193). Once the gap is
achieved, tighten the locknut located
beneath the adjusting screw securely
against the underside of the bracket.
Adjusting the TRS sensor will also
properly gap the SRS sensor.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 189

 7.2 TROUBLESHOOTING TRS & SRS

5) Adjust the bumper bolt so that is has a

0.050 air gap from the ring gear. Exercise
the TRS/SRS bracket and verify that it
returns to position and maintains the
correct air gaps. If it does not, examine
the bracket spring to make sure it is
compressed to 1.5 inches. If the spring is
properly compressed and the bracket does
not return to position, replace the bracket.

7.2.2 Replacing The TRS/SRS Bracket

1) All shop safety rules and practices must be

followed at all times during this changeout.

2) Apply the locomotive handbrake and

shutdown the engine. Open the battery
knife switch and remove the Start fuse.

3) Remove the four bolts that secure the

flywheel guard legs to the locomotive
mounting pads and set them aside.
Remove the guard and set it aside. (For
80MAC only, remove the starter motors
on the conductor’s side of the locomotive
to access the bracket).

4) Open each of the cylinder relief valves

and bar the engine until the flywheel
pointer is at the 0 degree mark.

190 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 7.2 TROUBLESHOOTING TRS & SRS

5) Disconnect the terminal connectors from

the TRS and SRS sensors. Remove the
two 1/2-20 bolts that secure the sensor
mounting bracket to the rear housing of
the engine and set them aside. Remove
the mounting bracket from the engine.
Remove each of the sensor mounting
screws (9420156) and both the TRS
(8929388) and SRS (8929387) sensors
from the bracket and set them aside.
Examine each for signs of damage and
replace if necessary.

6) Reapply the TRS and SRS sensors to the

new bracket using the self-tapping screws
from the previous assembly. The TRS is
the outermost sensor. Position each of
the spacers included with the new sensor
so that the smaller diameter neck fits into
the bracket slot. Mount the sensor
bracket to the rear housing making sure
the spacers remain between the rear 7
housing and the bracket, and tighten the
bolts hand-tight. With the flywheel
pointer at the 0 degree mark, adjust the
sensor position until the tip of the TRS
sensor is centered on the target spoke.
Using a calibrated torque wrench,
tighten the bracket mounting bolts to
65 ft-lbs.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 191

 7.2 TROUBLESHOOTING TRS & SRS

7) Set the air gap between the sensors and

the target plates to .150 inch by adjusting
the 1/4 inch screw located at the top of
the bracket (See figure 7.11). Once the
gap is achieved, tighten the locknut
located beneath the adjusting screw
securely against the underside of the
bracket. Adjusting the TRS sensor will
also properly gap the SRS sensor.

8) Adjust the bumper bolt so that is has a

0.050 air gap from the ring gear. Exercise
the TRS/SRS bracket and verify that it
returns to position and maintains the
correct air gaps. If it does not, examine
the bracket spring to make sure it is
compressed to 1.5 inch.

9) Connect each of the harness terminals

to the appropriate sensor (Note: these
sensors have keyed connectors and
cannot be reversed). Reinstall the
flywheel cover and tighten each of the
1/2-13 mounting bolts to 75 ft-lbs using
a calibrated torque wrench.

10) Slowly bar the engine and check closely

for obstructions. Close each of the
cylinder relief valves and reinstall the
Start fuse. Upon engine startup, check
for any EMDEC diagnostic faults
resulting from the bracket change.

192 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 7.2 TROUBLESHOOTING TRS & SRS

150" AIR GAP

TRS/SRS
TARGET ASSEMBLY
SRS
SENSOR

TRS
SENSOR

150" AIR GAP

MOUNTING
BRACKET
3/2" - 16
MOUNTING BOLTS
7
ASSEMBLY

BUMPER
BOLT

.050 AIR GAP

BOTTOM VIEW

Figure 7.11 TRS/SRS Bracket.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 193

 7.3 70/80/90MAC FUEL SYSTEM CHECK VALVE REMOVAL INSTRUCTIONS

7.3 70/80/90 MAC “PLATFORM STYLE”

FUEL SYSTEM CHECK VALVE REMOVAL
INSTRUCTIONS
Special Tool Required:
Snap-ring removal tool #8237117

7.3.1 Instructions for Engines with Filters

Mounted on Front Right Corner of
Engine - 40 PSI Valve

1. All shop safety rules and practices must be

followed at all times during this procedure.

2. Apply the locomotive handbrake, shut down

the engine, open all Circuit Breakers and
open the Battery Knife switch.

3. Using the large filter wrench, remove the

outboard fuel filter and set it aside.

4. Using the snap-ring pliers, remove the

snap-ring that secures Item 6, #40053450
(Vendor #2410), as shown in Figure 7.12.
Use a long instrument with a barbed end
(such as a dental pick) to grab the inside of
the check valve and slide it out of the
manifold.

NOTE:
This check valve has an O-ring seal and will not
slide easily).

5. The size of the 40 psi and 120 psi check

valves are identical so it is important to verify
the part number before installation (as a
quick check, the 40 psi has a hole in the
relief valve, the 120 psi does not).

194 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 7.3 70/80/90MAC FUEL SYSTEM CHECK VALVE REMOVAL INSTRUCTIONS

6. Reinsert a new 40 psi check valve into the

manifold and replace the snap-ring using the
snap-ring pliers.

7. Reinstall the outboard fuel filter. Close the

Battery Knife switch and begin closing each
Circuit Breaker ON one at a time, making
sure the COMPUTER CONTROL
Circuit Breaker is last. Once the fuel pump
begins running, check the system for leaks.

7.3.2 Instructions For Engines With Filters

Mounted on Right Front Corner of
Engine - 120 PSI Check Valve

1. All shop safety rules and practices must be

followed at all times during this procedure.

2. Apply the locomotive handbrake, shut down

the engine, open all Circuit Breakers and
open the Battery Knife switch. 7
3. Using the large filter wrench, remove the
outboard fuel filter and set it aside.

4. Remove the plug, Item 9 shown in Figure 7.12

and set it aside.

5. Using the snap-ring pliers, remove the

snap-ring that secures Item 5, #40053449
(Vendor #2445), as shown in Figure 7.12.
Use a long instrument with a barbed end
(such as a dental pick) to grab the inside of
the check valve and slide it out of the
manifold.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 195

 7.3 70/80/90MAC FUEL SYSTEM CHECK VALVE REMOVAL INSTRUCTIONS

NOTE:
This check valve has an O-ring seal and will not
slide easily.

6. The size of the 40 psi and 120 psi check

valves are identical so it is important to verify
the part number before installation (as a
quick check, the 40 psi has a hole in the relief
valve, the 120 psi does not).

7. Reinsert a new 120 psi check valve into the

manifold and replace the snap-ring using the
snap-ring pliers. Reinstall the plug and
retighten.

8. Reinstall the outboard fuel filter. Close the

Battery Knife switch and begin closing each
Circuit Breaker ON one at a time, making
sure the COMPUTER CONTROL Circuit
Breaker is last. Once the fuel pump begins
running, check the system for leaks.

196 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 HEX HD PLUG-1PT 8
BASHING 1 3/8 PT 8
SEALANT 7
9 VALVE RELIEF 6
VALVE RELIEF 5
RING-RETAINING 4
APPLY SEALANT ITEM 7 TO FILTER-FUEL 3
MALE THREADS OF ITEMS 2, CONNECTOR 2
BODY-FUEL FILTER 1
8 & 9 BEFORE ASSEMBLY. 8 ITEM NO.

LOCATION OF 1/4-18 DRYSEAL NPTF

FOR FUEL TEMP SENSOR LOCATION

1 LOCATION OF 3/8-18 NPTF FOR

FUEL SUPPLY PRESSURE SENSOR

5 A
6
8

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide

4

Style Engine”).
40
8

9
2 9
3 A

4
9

3 LOCATION OF 3/8-18 NPTF FOR

SECTION A-A
FUEL FILTER OUTLET PRESSURE

Figure 7.12 Fuel Filter Assembly (For 70/90MAC “Platform

7.3 70/80/90MAC FUEL SYSTEM CHECK VALVE REMOVAL INSTRUCTIONS

197
AND/OR FUEL PRESSURE INTO
7
 7.3 70/80/90MAC FUEL SYSTEM CHECK VALVE REMOVAL INSTRUCTIONS

7.3.3 Instructions For Engines with

Center Mounted Filters - 120 PSI
or 40 PSI Check Valve

1. All shop safety rules and practices must be

followed at all times during this procedure.

2. Apply the locomotive handbrake, shut down

the engine, open all Circuit Breakers and
open the Battery Knife switch.

3. Using the large filter wrench, remove both

fuel filters and set them aside.

4. Remove the appropriate plug (40 psi outboard,

120 psi inboard) Item 5 as shown in
Figure 7.13, and set it aside.

5. Using the snap-ring pliers, remove the

snap-ring that secures the appropriate check
valve, either item 8, #40053449 (Vendor
#2445) or item 9, #40053450 (Vendor #2410)
shown in Figure 7.13. Use a long instrument
with a barbed end (such as a dental pick) to
grab the inside of the check valve and slide it
out of the manifold (check valve has an
O-ring seal and will not slide easily).
6. The size of the 40 psi and 120 psi check
valves are identical so it is important to verify
the part number before installation (as a quick
check, the 40 psi has a hole in the relief valve,
the 120 psi does not).
7. Reinsert a new check valve into the manifold
and replace the snap-ring using the snap-ring
pliers. Reinstall the plug and retighten.
8. Reinstall the fuel filters. Close the Battery
Knife switch and begin closing each Circuit
Breaker ON one at a time, making sure the
COMPUTER CONTROL Circuit Breaker
is last. Once the fuel pump begins running,
check the system for leaks.
198 Electro-Motive Service Publication
 13,000 REF
1

9 8
40 20
6
6
DRAIN
5 5
14,093 REF

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide

B SECTION B-B

FUEL IN PRESSURE
SENSOR
120 PSI APPLY SEALANT TO MALE THREADS ONLY
CHECK VALVE
TO ENGINE VALVE RELIEF 9
FUEL VALVE RELIEF 8
FILTERS MANIFOLD
TO DRAIN SEALANT 7

Figure 7.13 Fuel Filter Assembly (For 80MAC).

RING RETAINING 6
40 PSI PLUG 5
CHECK VALVE FILTER-FUEL 4
RETURN FROM CONNECTOR 3
PRESSURE TEMP MANIFOLD BUSHING 2
SENSOR 12 SENSOR
BLOCK-FUEL FILTER 1
ITEM NO.
7.3 70/80/90MAC FUEL SYSTEM CHECK VALVE REMOVAL INSTRUCTIONS

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF FUEL

199
FLOW THRU FILTER ASSEMBLY
7
 7.4 REPLACING EMDEC TERMINALS

7.4 REPLACING EMDEC TERMINALS

7.4.1 Airbox Pressure (MAP) Sensor

1. Use the barrel of an AMP #305183-R (EMD

#9576512) extraction tool to remove the
terminals (this is the same tool that is used
on EM2000 terminals).

2. Slide the barrel over the terminal from the

front of the plug to depress its locking tabs
and pull the wire/terminal back from the rear
of the connector.

3. Remove the old terminal and strip the wire

back approximately three-sixteenths (3/16")
inch.

4. Slide the new terminal (#12089040) in place

and crimp to the exposed wire using tool
#12085271. Crimp the back portion of the
terminal to the insulation using tool
#12085270.

5. Reinsert the terminals into the appropriate

cavity in the connector from the rear and
push them forward until the locking tabs snap
into place.

Plug A Wire harness 2Y

Plug B Wire harness EHC1P
Plug C Wire harness 1W

6. Reapply the connector to the MAP sensor and

verify its operation using the PC reader. The
Allowed Torque should be 100% and an
airbox pressure reading should be displayed.

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7.4.2 Engine Protector

1. Slide the white end of terminal extraction

tool #40003920 over the wire and push the
tool into the rear of the connector as far as
possible. Place a firm grip on both the wire
and the tool and carefully slide the terminal
from the rear of the connector. Cut the old
terminal from the wire.

2. Strip back each of the three harness wires

approximately .25" inch. Position each of the
three female terminals (Plug Kit #40063588)
on the appropriate wire. Before crimping the
terminal, look through the inspection hole on
the terminal to make sure the wire is visible.
Crimp the terminal in place using either tool
#40051636 or #40052278. Use the blue
portion of extraction tool #40003920 to insert
each of the terminals into the appropriate
cavity in the connector. Numbers appearing
after the 2Y or 1W wire tag are splice 7
numbers and can be ignored.

Plug A Wire harness 2Y

Plug B Wire harness EHC1N
Plug C Wire harness 1W

NOTE:
The application of isopropyl alcohol to each terminal as
a lubricant eases the insertion of the terminal through
the rubber seal in the plug.

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 7.4 REPLACING EMDEC TERMINALS

3. Visually inspect the front of the plug to verify

that the three terminals are seated to the same
depth. Screw the backshell to the plug making
sure the slot on the plug faces up and the
backshell faces down.

4. Connect the sensor harness plug to the engine

protector. Close the ENGINE CONTROL
Circuit Breaker, note any Crankcase Pressure
diagnostics and clear them out. Start the
engine and verify protector operation by
placing a hose over its vent hole and creating
suction to simulate a crankcase pressure
condition. Once the crankcase overpressure
button trips mechanically, the EMDEC
system should shut down the engine in two
(2) seconds. Clear out the Crankcase Pressure
diagnostics.

7.4.3 Remaining Sensors And All Connectors

Into The ECM

1. Disconnect the plug and position it so that it

faces the operator. Use a pointed tool such as
an awl or pick to remove the terminal.
Position the tool underneath the terminal,
between the terminal and the connector. Pick
up on the terminal and pull it forward out of
the connector.

2. Remove the old terminal and strip the wire

back approximately three-sixteenths (3/16")
inch.

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 7.4 REPLACING EMDEC TERMINALS

3. Slide the terminal in place and crimp to the

exposed wire using tool #12085271. Crimp
the back portion of the terminal to the
insulation using tool #12085271.

4. Reinsert the terminals into the appropriate

cavity in the connector from the rear and
push them forward until the locking tabs snap
into place.

7.4.4 Power And Sensor Harness Connectors At

AC Cabinet - 12 Cylinder Engines

1. Slide the white end of terminal extraction tool

#40052279 over the wire and push the tool
into the rear of the connector as far as
possible. Place a firm grip on both the wire
and the tool and carefully slide the terminal
from the rear of the connector. Cut the old
terminal from the wire.

2. Strip back each of the three harness wires

7
approximately .25" inch. Position each of the
female terminals on the appropriate wire.
Before crimping the terminal, look through
the inspection hole on the terminal to make
sure the wire is visible. Crimp in place using
tool #40052278. Slide the yellow portion of
extraction tool #40052279 over the wire until
the terminal is seated against the tip. Insert
each of the terminals into the appropriate
cavity until they are seated in the connector.

3. NOTE:
The application of isopropyl alcohol to each
terminal as a lubricant eases the insertion of the
terminal through the rubber seal in the plug.

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 7.4 REPLACING EMDEC TERMINALS

4. Visually inspect the front of the plug to verify

that the terminals are seated to the same
depth. Tug lightly on each wire at the rear of
the plug to ensure the terminals are properly
seated.

5. Reconnect the plug and verify operation by

noting data from the system is displayed on
the EMDEC Reader.

7.4.5 Sensor Harness Connector At AC Cabinet

- 16 Cylinder Engines

1. Use an AMP #305183-R (EMD #9576512)

extraction tool to push the terminals out the
rear of the plug.

2. Strip back each of the harness wires

approximately .25" inch. Position each of the
sockets (#40024951) on the appropriate wire.
Before crimping the terminal, look through
the inspection hole on the terminal to make
sure the wire is visible. Crimp the terminal in
place using either tool #40051636 or
#40052278.

3. Reinsert the terminals into the appropriate

cavity in the connector from the rear and
push them forward until the locking tabs snap
into place.

4. Visually inspect the front of the plug to verify

that the terminals are seated to the same
depth. Tug lightly on each wire at the rear of
the plug to ensure the terminals are properly
seated.

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7.4.6 Power Harness Connector At AC Cabinet

- 16 Cylinder Engines

1. Use an AMP #91019-3 extraction tool to push

the terminals out the rear of the plug.

2. Strip back each of the harness wires

approximately .25" inch. Position each of the
terminals (#12077413) on the appropriate
wire. Crimp the terminal in place using AMP
tool #69710-1. Slide the terminals into the
appropriate cavity in the connector from the
rear and push them forward until the locking
tabs snap into place.

3. Visually inspect the front of the plug to verify

that the terminals are seated to the same
depth. Tug lightly on each wire at the rear of
the plug to ensure the terminals are properly
seated.

7.4.7 Pig-Tail Temperature Sensor Plug

7
1. Cut the existing plug off the wire harness,
one wire at a time and identify each wire.
Slide a wire seal over each wire (wide end
first) far enough down so as not to impede the
crimping process.

2. Strip the insulation back approximately

.25" inch and install the new terminals
(#12048074) on each wire using a #12085271
tool to crimp the terminal to the wire. Slide
each wire seal up towards the terminal until
the narrow end fits into the tangs at the end
of the terminal. Use tool #12085270 to crimp
the terminal to the wire seal.

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 7.4 REPLACING EMDEC TERMINALS

3. Insert each terminal into the rear of the plug

until it is fully seated and engaged. The A
Terminal is on the sensor common wire
typically identified on the wire as EHC2Y
(any number after the EHC2Y is a splice
number and should be ignored). The B
Terminal should be inserted into the
remaining cavity.

4. Check for terminal engagement by resistance

to a gentle pull on each wire. Slide the wire
seal down each wire and push it into the rear
of the plug.

5. Install the plastic secondary lock onto the

back of the plug. Install the lock so the
notched side will allow viewing the molded
letters “A” and “B” on the plug. The
secondary lock prevents the wire seals from
pulling out of the plug.

7.4.8 AMP Plugs At Power Supply And Interface

Board

1. Use an AMP #305183-R (EMD #9576512)

extraction tool to push the terminals out the
rear of the plug.

2. Strip back each of the harness wires

approximately .25" inch. Position each of the
terminals (#9555811) on the appropriate wire.
Crimp the terminal in place using AMP tool
#90310-2.

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 7.4 REPLACING EMDEC TERMINALS

3. Reinsert the terminals into the appropriate

cavity in the connector from the rear and
push them forward until the locking tabs snap
into place.

4. Visually inspect the front of the plug to verify

that the terminals are seated to the same
depth. Tug lightly on each wire at the rear of
the plug to ensure the terminals are properly
seated.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 207

 Notes:

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 TROUBLESHOOTING

TROUBLESHOOTING
8.1 INTRODUCTION

The purpose of this guide is to describe the probable

causes and suggest responses to troubles that may
occur during the operation of an EMD diesel engine
equipped with the Electro-Motive Diesel Engine
Control (EMDEC) system. To derive the maximum
benefits from this guide, it is recommended that the
reader refer to the Table of Contents to locate the fault
condition or specific area of interest that best describes
the problem. The sections pertaining to this condition
should be read in the sequence in which they appear,
and all references to other possible related causes or
conditions should be reviewed. Additional information
pertaining to the EMDEC system, engine
maintenance, adjustments and testing can be found in
the Diesel Engine Troubleshooting Guide, Engine
Maintenance Manual or in Maintenance Instructions
(M.I.’s).

NOTE: 8
To ensure compliance with emission standards, only
O.E.M. certified replacement parts can be used. Refer to
the applicable service parts catalogue for ordering
reference.

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 8.2 - GENERAL ENGINE TROUBLESHOOTING

8.2 General Engine Troubleshooting

8.2.1 ENGINE CRANKS - WON’T START
8.2.1.1 Check Switch Positions

• Check that Engine Control Circuit Breaker

is closed.

• Make sure the “MU Engine Stop” switch is

in the “Run” position.

• Make sure the “Emergency Fuel Cutoff”

button is not pushed in.

• Make sure the “Injector Run” switch is in the

“Run” position. (Note: this is a normally open
circuit when the switch is set to “Run”. The
switch must be pulled out before changing
position).

8.2.1.2 Check Power Into EMDEC

• Check for a green light on the power supply.

If no light, or a red light is present.

8.2.1.3 Check Battery Voltage

• Make sure the starter motors are sufficiently

cranking the engine. Battery voltage should
be at least 60 to 65 volts. The EMDEC
system will not allow the electronic injectors
to meter fuel into the power assemblies until
the crankshaft is turning at least 30 rpm.

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8.2.1.4 Check Fuel Pump Operation

• Verify that at least 60 psi of fuel pressure is

present in the system. Reference Chapter 6
for instruction on checking fuel pressure
readings using the EMDEC reader.

• If the fuel pump motor is turning slowly or

not at all, refer to the appropriate electrical
schematic diagram to troubleshoot the fuel
pump motor circuit (Note: low battery voltage
can cause erratic fuel pump operation).

8.2.1.5 Check Magnetic Pickups (TRS/SRS)

• Check the TRS and SRS sensors that are

mounted behind the flywheel on the left side
of the engine. Note: SD80MAC locomotives
have the sensors mounted on the right side of
the engine beneath the electric starter
motors. If damaged, change out and restart. 8
• Check the airgap between each sensor and
the target plate. Each gap should be 0.150
inch.(Note: the SRS airgap appears larger,
but it should be measured against the
Position Indicator Pointer (PIP). Reference
8.5 - Troubleshooting TRS & SRS for
instructions as to how to adjust the airgap.

• If the sensors are not damaged, open the

Engine Control circuit breaker and
disconnect each plug and check the
resistance across each sensor. The resistance
should be between 100 & 200 ohms. If not,
replace the sensor and restart.

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 8.2 - GENERAL ENGINE TROUBLESHOOTING

• If the sensors are okay, check the wire harness

for a short. Reference 8.5 - Troubleshooting
TRS & SRS for instructions as to how to
troubleshoot the TRS/SRS circuit. (If
available, use the TRS/SRS simulator box.)

8.2.1.6 Check For Active Communication Failures

• If equipped with two way serial link, reference

8.7 - Troubleshooting The Two-Way Serial
Link for troubleshooting tips.

8.2.1.7 Check Plug Connections

• Check both the Power and Sensor harness

plug connections into each ECM to make
sure they are properly seated and tight.

• Check the Power harness plug connections

into the AC Cabinet to make sure they are
properly seated and tight.

8.2.1.8 Check For Injector/Sensor Harness Grounds

• Disconnect the injector harness plugs, one at

a time, from the Receiver ECM and try
restarting. A grounded wire could cause
enough noise to disturb the TRS/SRS signal.
If okay, replace the receiver injector harness
plugs and disconnect each injector harness
plug from the sender ECM, one at a time.
Try restarting. If okay, continue the process by
unplugging and replugging each sensor to see
if a sensor is grounded.

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• Check each of the eight rubber ECM

isolator mounts. If the ECM is
grounded to the crankcase, it will
disturb the TRS/SRS signal.

• Using EMMON, check the injector

response times and pulse width during
cranking to see if injectors are
attempting to fire.

8.2.1.9 Check Turbocharger

• Verify the turbocharger impeller is

turning while the engine is being
cranked. If not, consult the EMD
Diesel Engine Troubleshooting
manual for turbocharger inspection
instruction. A failed turbo will not
allow the engine to start due to lack of air.

8
8.2.1.10 Replace ECM Module

• If the above checks fail to identify the

problem, it is likely that the Sender ECM is
bad. Replace and reprogram the Sender
ECM.

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 8.2 - GENERAL ENGINE TROUBLESHOOTING

8.2.2 UNIT NOT MAKING HORSEPOWER

8.2.2.1 Check The EngineR Value

• Enter the Programmable Meter on the

EM2000 screen and pull up the “EngineR”
value. A typical EngineR value will be some
number between .82 and .875 in throttle
eight. The lower the EngineR value the
better. A number higher than .875 will cause
the load regulator to back off and indicate that
the engine has a problem and is overfueling.
If the EngineR value is greater than .875 and
LR%MAX is less than 100%, proceed to the
next step. If the load regulator is backing off
and the EngineR value is lower than .82, the
engine is healthy. The electrical system may
be the source of the problem and should be
investigated.

8.2.2.2 Check The Individual Injector Response Time

NOTE:
The injector response time is defined as the amount of
time it takes for the armature/control valve to open when
the ECM energizes the solenoid. The normal response
time range is approximately 1.2ms to 1.6ms.

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 8.2 - GENERAL ENGINE TROUBLESHOOTING

• An injector that is not metering fuel has a

default reading of .55ms. If the injector
response time is .55ms, replace the injector.
Refer to the Injector Changeout Procedure in
Chapter 7 for changeout instructions. For
instructions on how to view injector response
times using the EMDEC Reader, refer to
Chapter 6. If injectors 1-8 are blank, try
cycling the fuel injection switch.

8.2.2.3 Check The Inlet Fuel Pressure

• Check the Fuel Inlet pressure value. If the

value is below 60.0 psi in throttle eight, check
the 50 psi check valve located in the #1 fuel
sightglass (for 70 Platform/80/90 series
locomotives).

• If Fuel Inlet pressure is okay, check the #2

sight glass in throttle eight to see if fuel is
bypassing. 8
• If the fuel is bypassing in throttle 8, replace
the two spin-on fuel filters and the primary
fuel filters.

• Check the strainer to make sure it is not

clogged.

• If fuel continues to bypass, replace the

130 psi check valve located in the #2
sightglass (for 70 Platform/80/90 series
locomotives).

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 8.2 - GENERAL ENGINE TROUBLESHOOTING

8.2.2.4 Check Plug Connections

• Check both the Power and Sensor harness

plug connections into each ECM to make
sure they are properly seated and tight.

8.2.2.5 Check The Airbox Pressure Sensor

(MAP Sensor)

• If the check valves are okay, check the

“Allowed Torque or % Allowed Torque” value
on the EMDEC reader. It should be at
100%. If the value is lower than 100%, the
MAP sensor is limiting fuel because of
inadequate airbox pressure. If the allowed
torque is at 100%, check the hose that
connects the MAP sensor to the airbox
anyway. If it is damaged or clogged, replace
it. A damaged or clogged hose can result in a
20% loss in horsepower. Typically, the turbo
will not come off the geartrain and the load
regulator will back way off.

• If the hose is okay, check the MAP sensor

wiring and plug, if okay, replace the MAP
sensor and verify whether the horsepower has
returned. If not, consult the Diesel Engine
Troubleshooting Guide for instructions as to
how to inspect the engine if the airbox
pressure remains low.

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 8.2 - GENERAL ENGINE TROUBLESHOOTING

8.2.2.6 Check The Injectors

• Open the top deck covers and inspect each of

the injector stator/ wire harness connections
to make sure they are properly seated and
tight. Check for foreign material (such as a
loose fuel line I.D. tag) that can contact the
terminals causing intermittent problems.

• If the unit still remains low on horsepower,

perform an injector cutout test. Refer to
Chapter 6 for instructions as how to
perform an injector cutout test.

• If the cutout test does not highlight the

suspect injector, inspect the top of each
piston for signs of a wet crown. To check the
piston crown, remove the Start fuse and open
the CRV valves. Make sure the fuel pump is
running. Bar the engine over until the top of
each piston is visible through the liner port.
The system fuel pressure will cause fuel to 8
leak if the injector tip is damaged.

8.2.3 UNIT LOADING AT 90%

8.2.3.1 Check For EMDEC Communication Faults

• Examine the EM2000 and see if an EMDEC

communication failure fault is an active crew
message.

• Enter the Programmable Meter on the

EM2000 screen and pull up the “EngineR,
ECMON, ECFail and EDFail” value.

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 8.2 - GENERAL ENGINE TROUBLESHOOTING

• Verify that the “EngineR” value exists and

continues to change rapidly. The value
should range from .1 to .875. ECMON
should be ON, ECFail should be OFF (if
ON the control link is failed) and EDFail
should be OFF (if ON the diagnostic link
is failed).
• If no value is displayed, the EMDEC system
and EM2000 are not communicating and the
load regulator will back off to 90%. The
serial link must be traced to find the source
of the disconnect or ground. Refer to the
appropriate electrical schematic drawing to
identify the proper serial link connections.
If equipped with two way serial link refer to
8.7 - Troubleshooting The Two-Way Serial
Link.
• If a problem with the wiring is not found, the
EMDEC interface board should be replaced.

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 8.2 - GENERAL ENGINE TROUBLESHOOTING

8.2.4 THROTTLE REQUEST PROBLEMS

8.2.4.1 Check The EM2000

• If the EM2000 fails, the engine will continue

to run in a high idle or Throttle 1 position
because the interface board will be receiving
a “no valve” signal.

• If the EM2000 is not failed and one or more

throttle valve requests are not being acknow-
ledged, check each of the DIO modules in
the EM2000 chassis to make sure they are
properly seated and tight. Note: units with
two-way serial link will not have the valve
requests. Instead, an engine speed request is
used (EgSpRq). Verify that the EgSpRq in
the EM2000 matches the RPM request in
EMMON.

8.2.4.2 Check The Connections At The Interface

Board 8
• Using EMMON, place the unit in throttle 6
and verify that the valves ABCD are all ON.
If not, check appropriate string. Note: If
equipped with two-way serial link look at the
RPM setpoint in EMMON versus the RPM
(EgSpRq) request sent from EM2000.

• Reference Chapter 6 for instructions on

accessing Governor Valve signals. This can be
further verified by removing the L plug from
the interface board and using a voltmeter,
check for approximately +0V input to the
requested valve(s) (A,B,C & D valve to rpm
information can be found in the locomotive
electrical schematics). If +74V is registered
on the voltmeter, the valve is de-energized.

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 8.2 - GENERAL ENGINE TROUBLESHOOTING

• The valve locations are as follows:

L1 - A valve
L2 - B valve
L3 - C valve
L6 - D valve
L11 - Negative

• If approximately +0V is not coming into the

requested valve location, verify the
functionality of the EM2000 DIO module
and controller microswitches.

• If approximately +0V is present, reconnect

the L plug and remove the metal plate that
covers the Sender ECM. Disconnect the
VHC plug from the Sender ECM and check
for approximately +1V at the desired valve by
placing one lead of the voltmeter into the
desired socket and touching the other lead to
the metal skin of the ECM. The ECM is
isolated so it is important that the other lead
not touch carbody ground, such as the metal
cover. The following socket locations on the
VHC connector match governor valves:

VHC1E - A valve
VHC1H - B valve
VHC2H - C valve
VHC2K - D valve

If the desired valve is not de-energized,

replace the interface board. If it is, replace the
ECM.

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 8.2 - GENERAL ENGINE TROUBLESHOOTING

8.2.5 PROTECTIVE ENGINE SHUTDOWN

8.2.5.1 Protective Engine Shutdown - Crankcase

Pressure

NOTE:
The crankcase pressure detector will tell EMDEC to
shutdown the engine if it sees either: A crankcase over
pressure condition for two (2) consecutive seconds, or a
wiring fault condition for thirty-two (32) consecutive
seconds.

1) Check The Button On the Crankcase Pressure

Device
• If the button is popped, a crankcase pressure
condition exists. Refer to the EMD Diesel
Engine Troubleshooting Guide for
instructions on troubleshooting a crankcase
overpressure condition.

• If the button is functioning correctly and has

not popped, an electrical fault has occurred
8
either in the EMDEC system itself or in the
crankcase pressure device and resulted in a
spurious shutdown. Refer to 8.6 -
Troubleshooting Sensor Circuits for
instructions on how to troubleshoot an
electrical fault in the crankcase protection
circuit.

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 8.2 - GENERAL ENGINE TROUBLESHOOTING

8.2.5.2 Protective Engine Shutdown - Coolant

Pressure
NOTE:
The coolant pressure sensor will tell EMDEC to
shutdown the engine if it sees either: A low water
pressure condition for ten (10) consecutive seconds, or
a wiring fault condition for forty (40 consecutive seconds.
The EMDEC system will not shutdown the engine for low
coolant pressure in Idle.

1) Check The EM2000 Archive

• Examine the EM2000 archive and verify

whether a Hot Engine fault has occurred that
would indicate a coolant problem. Note
throttle position, water temperature and
shutter/fan faults that would be indicative of
cooling system problems.

2) Check The Cooling System

• Check the water level. If the water level is
low, inspect the coolant system for obvious
leaks. If the water level is not low, check
cooling fan operation and direction.

• Check the vent line that extends from the

water tank to the water pump intake. Make
sure it is not damaged or kinked.

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 8.2 - GENERAL ENGINE TROUBLESHOOTING

• If no defect is found but the unit is obviously

losing coolant, refer to the Diesel Engine
Troubleshooting Guide for instructions on
troubleshooting coolant leaks. Perform a low
pressure leak test on the entire system
(including the air compressor). If no leak is
apparent, perform a high pressure leak test on
the engine to uncover any internal leaks.

• If the water level is okay and no leaks are

apparent, check within EMMON for coolant
related faults. Refer to 8.6 - Troubleshooting
Sensor Circuits for instructions on how to
troubleshoot the coolant pressure sensor
circuit.

8.2.5.3 Protective Engine Shutdown - Oil Pressure

NOTE:
The oil pressure sensor will tell EMDEC to shutdown the
engine if it sees either: A low oil pressure condition for
ten (10) consecutive seconds, or a wiring fault condition
8
for forty (40) consecutive seconds. Upon start up, oil
pressure is ignored for 60 seconds.

1) Check The EMDEC Archive

• Using a EMDEC Reader, check the

EMDEC fault archive. If the fault display
is a wiring fault such as signal voltage high/
low, refer to 8.6 - Troubleshooting
Sensor Circuits for troubleshooting
information. If the shutdown is for low oil
pressure proceed with the following checks.

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 8.2 - GENERAL ENGINE TROUBLESHOOTING

2) Check The Lube Oil System

• Check the main lube oil filter tank drain

line shutoff valve and make sure it is
closed. If not, close it and restart the
engine to verify proper oil pressure.

• Check for adequate oil level in the engine

oil pan.

• Check the lube oil line feed line to the

pressure sensor. This feed line is located
inside the top deck on the right side of the
engine, near top of the headframe. Make
sure it is not kinked or disconnected.

• Check for lube oil dilution by fuel.

If fuel is found:

• Check all fuel jumper lines to the

injectors for breaks or damage.
• Inspect all brazed joints in the top deck
fuel manifold and check all manifold
pipe plugs for leakage.
• Check injectors for leaks.
• Check for piston rings which are not free
to rotate in the piston groove.
• Pressure test as required to isolate the
source of the leak.
• Inspect the main bearings for damage
and replace as necessary.

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 8.2 - GENERAL ENGINE TROUBLESHOOTING

• Replace the lube oil if required.

Verify that the oil pressure value changes
when the throttle position is changed.
With the engine oil hot, verify that the
oil pressure value decreases with each
throttle setting reduction. If the oil
pressure reading does not change when
the throttle is moved, change the sensor.
It may be desirable to replace the sensor
with new to verify the low oil condition.
Note: when the engine is cold, the oil
pressure value will be higher at each
throttle setting until the oil heats up and
becomes more viscous.

• If no defects are found at this point, refer to

8.6 - Troubleshooting Sensor Circuits for
instructions on troubleshooting the oil
pressure sensor circuit with data valid but
above/below range. It is possible the sensor is
hard-failed at a low pressure reading.
8
• Change the turbocharger soakback filter
and examine the check valve for proper
orientation.

• Remove all oil pan handhole covers.

Visually inspect the piston pins, the
external surfaces of the main and
connecting rod bearings for evidence of
overheating and look for missing or loose
components.

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 8.2 - GENERAL ENGINE TROUBLESHOOTING

• Operate the engine at idle. Remove the

crankcase pressure detector, but leave the
MAP sensor mounted to its cover. Check
the oil pressure relief valve for excessive oil
loss (some leakage may be evident but it
should not be in bypass). If the valve is
found to be stuck open, it should be
replaced.

• Check the rear gear train for oil line

problems:

• Use the recommended tool to check the

clearance in the No. 1 idler stubshaft
bushing. Inspect the interior of the end
housing for debris under the gear train.

• Remove the auxiliary generator drive or the

cover plate on the rear right bank. Inspect the
manifold piping to the turbocharger filter for
loose or missing components or seals. Make
sure that the upper pipe plug is installed in
the gauge line connecting block and inspect
the camshaft manifolds.

• If all the above conditions are found to be

within specification, remove and requalify
the main oil lube pump.

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 8.2 - GENERAL ENGINE TROUBLESHOOTING

8.2.5.4 Protective Engine Shutdown - Oil

Temperature

NOTE:
The oil temperature sensor will tell EMDEC to shutdown
the engine if it sees a hot oil conditionfor sixty (60)
consecutive seconds. This sensor ill not shutdown the
engine for a wiring fault condition but will log a “Check
Engine Fault” in the EMDEC archive.

1) Check EM2000 Fault Archive

• Check the EM2000 fault archive for

shutdown information. If the archive
information indicates that the oil could
have been above the safe operating range,
(i.e. hot engine water) check the engine
for the source of the hot oil condition. The
oil temperature should normally be
approximately 15 to 20 degrees hotter than
the coolant temperature. Note: if the 8
locomotive has been run in tunnel service,
this shutdown maybe a result of this service
and not a cause for concern. Perform a
load test on the unit to verify the hot oil
condition has cleared. If the unit has not
been in tunnel service and a hot oil
condition is indicated, reference the Diesel
Engine Troubleshooting Guide published
by EMD for further information on
troubleshooting the condition.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 227

 8.2 - GENERAL ENGINE TROUBLESHOOTING

2) Check EMDEC Fault Archive

• If the archived fault indicates an electrical

problem such as signal voltage high or low,
refer to 8.6 - Troubleshooting Sensor
Circuits for information on troubleshooting
the oil temperature circuit.

• If EMDEC displays an “Oil Temperature

Data Valid But Above Normal” fault, but
indications are that the fault is suspect,
note the EMDEC failure information and
clear the EMDEC faults.

• Disconnect the connector from the sensor

and examine both for corrosion or damage.
If corrosion is evident, replace both the
terminals and sensor. If none is evident,
proceed to the next step.

• Restart the engine and monitor the oil

temperature. If possible, load test the unit
to see if the condition repeats.

• The sensor can be checked by unplugging

the connector and noting the oil
temperature on the reader. Using a
voltmeter, check the resistance across the
two sensor pins and verify whether it falls
within + 10 percent of the resistance/
temperature curve on the graph in
8.6 - Troubleshooting Sensor Circuits.

• If the sensor resistance is within tolerance,

refer to the appropriate electrical schematic
and check the sensor wiring harness for an
open or short.

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 8.3 - TROUBLESHOOTING THE EMDEC POWER SUPPLY

8.3 Troubleshooting EMDEC Power Supply

8.3.1 No Lights On 24V Power Supply In AC
Cabinet

• Check that the battery knife switch is closed.

• Check that ENGINE CONTROL Circuit

Breaker is closed.

• Disconnect and check PI plug. Pins 1 & 2

should be +74V. Pins 5 & 6 should be -74V.

• If power is present, check the pins for

corrosion. If pins are okay, change the power
supply. If power is not present, refer to the
locomotive wiring diagram and trace the
wiring back for the source of possible
disconnect or open.

8.3.2 Red Light Glows on 24V Power Supply In

AC Cabinet 8
The red light indicates a protective shutdown has
occurred. This can be attributed to either
overvoltage on the input side or overcurrent on
the output side.

• Cycle the ENGINE CONTROL Circuit

Breaker and check if the light has returned to
green. If green, the power supply is okay and
the condition that made it shutdown has
disappeared.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 229

 8.3 - TROUBLESHOOTING THE EMDEC POWER SUPPLY

• If the light remains red, disconnect the PO

plug from the power supply and cycle the
Engine Control circuit breaker. If the light
remains red, there is no short on the output
side of the power supply therefore the power
supply is bad and should be replaced.

• If the light turns green, but goes back to red

upon replacement of the PO plug, disconnect
the power plug from each ECM at the ECM
one at a time. If the problem disappears, the
respective ECM is the source of the problem.
If problem persists after disconnecting the
ECM power, disconnect the P plug from the
locomotive Interface Board. If problem
continues disconnect the blue PS and PR1
wire harnesses that run from the power supply
to each ECM controller and check for a
short. If okay, check wiring from PO plug to
Interface board.

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 8.4 - EMDEC WIRING VISUAL INSPECTION

8.4 EMDEC Wiring Visual Inspection

In cases where EMDEC wiring is suspected of

creating fault conditions, perform the following visual
inspection of the suspected wiring harness to identify
the root cause.

8.4.1 Open Circuit

1) Visually inspect connection points

to wires.

2) Check for bent or recessed pins.

3) Check for chafed or damaged insulation

(including protective looming) where
wires may be broken.

4) Check for corroded pins on harness as

well as mating part connector.

8.4.2 Short Circuit 8

1) Check for degraded, chafed, or damaged
insulation (including protective looming)
where conductive wires may be exposed
and touching each other.

2) Check for conductive debris or liquid

causing short circuit between connector
pins.

3) Check for bent or retracted pins causing

short circuit.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 231

 8.5 - TROUBLESHOOTING TRS & SRS

8.5 Troubleshooting TRS & SRS

8.5.1 Troubleshooting the TRS/SRS Sensor Circuit

1) Check that the TRS/SRS air gap is

within spec.

2) Open the ENGINE CONTROL

Circuit Breaker and remove the EHC
connector from both the sender and
receiver ECM. It is recommended that
the metal plate the covers the ECM be
removed to provide easier access to the
EHC.

3) If a simulator box is available, check to

see if the problem lies with the sensor or
the harness. If a simulator box is not
available, please troubleshoot using the
following steps.

4) To troubleshoot the TRS circuit,

disconnect the plug to the sensor and
measure the resistance across Pin 1T and
Pin 2T on the EHC connector on the
sender ECM. If it is less than or equal to
10,000 ohms, the wire harness is shorted.

5) Re-plug the connector to the sensor and

measure the resistance. If it is greater
than 10,000 ohms, check the wire
harness for open.

6) Disconnect the plug from the sensor.

Place a jumper between Pin A and Pin B
to short out the plug at the sensor. Check
the resistance across Pin 1T and Pin 2T
on the EHC on the sender ECM. If it is
greater than 5 ohms, the wire harness is
open.

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 8.5 - TROUBLESHOOTING TRS & SRS

7) Check the EHC on the Receiver ECM

using the instructions above.

8) To troubleshoot the SRS circuit,

disconnect the plug to the sensor and
measure the resistance across Pin 1S and
Pin 2S on the EHC connector on the
Sender ECM. If it is less than or equal to
10,000 ohms, the wire harness is shorted.

9) Replug the connector to the sensor and

measure the resistance. If it is greater
than 10,000 ohms, check the wire
harness for open.

10) Disconnect the plug from the sensor.

Place a jumper between Pin A and Pin B
to short out the plug at the sensor. Check
the resistance across Pin 1S and Pin 2S
on the EHC on the sender ECM. If it is
greater than 5 ohms, the wire harness is
open. 8
11) Check the EHC on the Receiver ECM
using the instructions above.

12) If the above checks do not solve the fault,

check the injectors for an internal ground
and the injector harness for grounds.

13) Check to make sure the ECM’s are not

grounded to the carbody. Often the
rubber isolation mounts are missing
causing a grounded ECM.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 233

 8.6 - TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR CIRCUITS

8.6 Troubleshooting Sensor Circuits

8.6.1 General Information

Listed below are acceptable voltage readings for

sensors used in the EMDEC System, when the engine
is “dead.” This information is available in EMMON
or WinEMMON when the user presses the “F5”
Function Key:

• Typical range of the offset voltage for the 58

psig (in early EUI applications used for Turbo
Oil Pressure, Coolant Pressure and Fuel
Pressure), 87 psia (MAP Sensor on H-Engine
and Sensor Box equipped engines) and 100
psig sensors (Coolant Pressure, Turbo Oil
Pressure and Fuel Pressure (in some models))
is 0.43 - 0.56 VDC.

• Typical range of the offset voltage for the 200

psia sensor (Fuel Pressure Engine-In, Fuel
Pressure Filter-In Engine-In, Fuel Pressure
Filter-In, Oil Pressure Engine-In, Oil
Pressure Filter-In) is 0.73 - 0.79 VDC.

Defective sensors can be uncovered with a probability

near 100%, by testing the device’s output vs. pressure
(engine off, Engine Control Break is on, then testing
again at TH8, full load).

A final tip - if a sensor’s output appears to drop

exponentially while monitoring the parameter on
EMMONxx, WinEMMON or via the EM2000
Display, check for obstructions in the sensor’s hose
assembly or sensor’s port for clogs before permanently
removing the suspected failure.

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 8.6 - TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR CIRCUITS

8.6.2 Troubleshooting The Crankcase Pressure

Detector Circuit Switch Output

PID xx Data Valid But Above Normal

Where xx Represents the EMDEC Fault Code

NOTE:
A signal voltage of 0.66 volt will be sent to EMDEC when
the crankcase pressure detector button is tripped. The
microswitch on the detector sends a signal voltage to the
ECM of 2.3 volts when the button is latched. The EMDEC
system will shutdown if a data valid fault is detected for
0.2 seconds. If an overvoltage or undervoltage condition
occurs continuously for 40 seconds in the sensor circuit,
EMDEC will shutdown the engine.

1) Check within the EMDEC reader

program EMMON for the following
ACTIVE fault:
PID xx - Data Valid but
above Normal
Where xx can be: 42 8
Crankcase Pressure - LB

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 235

 8.6 - TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR CIRCUITS

2) This fault could indicate that a true

Crankcase Over Pressure situation has
occurred. Look at the Crankcase
Pressure Detector button to see if it is
popped out. If the button is popped out,
then proceed with the proper engine
mechanical troubleshooting and safety
procedures found in Diesel Engine
Troubleshooting Guide. If the button is
NOT popped out, then troubleshoot for
an electrical fault in the respective
harness branch and / or the detector itself
listed below. Make sure that the button is
not sealed into place. If the button is
seized, replace the detector device.

3) If other sensors are displayed as grounded

or having floating values it can cause the
crankcase pressure detector to trip first
because of the short time delay. Unplug
each sensor, one at a time, until the
values either stabilize or return to
normal. Replace the sensor that is
grounded.

4) If a grounded sensor is not found,

disconnect, one at a time, the two
injector harness plugs that connect to
each of the ECMs. If the source of the
ground is the injector harness, replace
the harness.

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 8.6 - TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR CIRCUITS

5) If no defect is found with the other

sensors, refer to the appropriate electrical
schematic and check the sensor wire
harnesses for short or grounds. Open the
ENGINE CONTROL Circuit Breaker
and disconnect the plug from the
detector. Examine both the plug end and
receptacle end for signs of corrosion. If
corrosion is evident on the connector
pins, either clean the contact surfaces or
replace both the sensor and terminals.

6) If no corrosion is evident, use a voltmeter

to check sensor resistance. Open the
ENGINE CONTROL Circuit Breaker.
Check the resistance between the pins in
the sensor receptacle. The readings
should be as follows:

Part Nos. 40084551, 40071740, 40071741

and 40076531

Set Tripped
8
A to B open A to B 6.6-7.0 kohm
A to C open A to C 37.0-41.0
kohm
B to C 30.2-34.2 B to C 30.2-34.2
kohm kohm

If the readings vary by +/- 10%, change

the sensor.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 237

 8.6 - TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR CIRCUITS

8.6.3 Troubleshooting The Analog Crankcase

Pressure Sensor Circuit (Analog Output)

PID xx Data Valid But Above Normal

Where xx Represents the EMDEC Fault Code

NOTE:
A signal voltage of 2.56 VDC or greater will be sent to
EMDEC when the Analog Crankcase Pressure Sensor is
subjected to more than 1.0” W.C. If EMDEC is sent a
voltage level greater than 2.56 VDC from the Analog
Crankcase Pressure Sensor, EMDEC will initiate an
engine shutdown event. The Analog Crankcase Pressure
Sensor has been configured with two different timers. If
the supply voltage to this device goes “open circuit,”
EMDEC will detect this condition and initiate an Engine
Shutdown event after 40 seconds have elapsed. Any
other fault detected by the Analog Crankcase Pressure
Sensor will cause EMDEC to initiate an engine shutdown
event after 0.2 seconds have elapsed.

NOTE:
Analog Crankcase Pressure Sensor’s wiring definitions:
A = Ground, B= Output & C = 5VDC Supply.

1) Check within the EMDEC reader

program EMMON for the following
ACTIVE fault:
PID xx - Data Valid but
above Normal
Where xx can be: 42
Crankcase Pressure - LB

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 8.6 - TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR CIRCUITS

2) This fault could indicate that a true

Crankcase Over Pressure situation has
occurred. Perform the proper engine
mechanical troubleshooting and safety
procedures found in Diesel Engine
Troubleshooting Guide. If no defects are
found, then troubleshoot for an electrical
fault in the respective harness branch
and / or the detector itself listed below.

3) If other sensors are displayed as grounded

or having floating values it can cause the
crankcase pressure detector to trip first
because of the short time delay. Unplug
each sensor, one at a time, until the
values either stabilize or return to
normal. Replace the sensor that is
grounded.

4) If a grounded sensor is not found,

disconnect, one at a time, the two
injector harness plugs that connect to 8
each of the ECMs. If the source of the
ground is the injector harness, replace
the harness.

5) If no defect is found with the other

sensors, refer to the appropriate electrical
schematic and check the sensor wire
harnesses for short or grounds.

6) Open the ENGINE CONTROL

Circuit Breaker and disconnect the plug
from the analog crankcase pressure
sensor. Examine both the plug end and
receptacle end for signs of corrosion. If
corrosion is evident on the connector
pins, either clean the contact surfaces or
replace both the sensor and terminals.
EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 239
 8.6 - TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR CIRCUITS

7) If no corrosion is present within the

sensor’s connector or the harness plug,
reconnect the harness plug to the sensor
and perform the following steps:

• Close the Engine Control

Breaker.

• Connect PC to EMDEC
Diagnostic Port and launch
“EMMONxx or WinEMMON
software program.

• Build a signal list in EMMON

that includes the signal
“Crankcase Pressure-LB”.

• “Check the Crankcase Pressure-

LB” reading with the engine
“dead.” A reading of less than
1.3” H2O is an acceptable
reading. Confirm the reading by
checking the voltage output of
the sensor. Press the “F5”
function key, then look for the
entry “Crankcase Pressure
Voltage” while engine is dead. A
reading between 2.30 and 2.54
VDC is an acceptable reading.

• Any sensor readings that do not

pass this criteria are faulty and
should be replaced.

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 8.6 - TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR CIRCUITS

The CCOP Suction Bulb is the

recommended device to use in
performing engine shutdown tests for
crankcase pressure. Basically, the test
procedure is to disconnect the hose
assembly that is screwed into the Sensor
Box Bracket and Analog Crankcase
Pressure Sensor. The hose assembly that
connects the Analog Crankcase Pressure
Sensor to the crankcase through the
Sensor Box Bracket has a swivel fitting on
one end only, so the house must be
disconnected on both ends and
reconnected to the sensor. At this point,
the engine should be restarted. Insert the
CCOP Suction Bulb into one end of the
hose assembly and squeeze the bulb a few
times. This forces positive air pressure
into the sensor’s port and forces EMDEC
to initiate an engine shutdown event.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 241

 8.6 - TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR CIRCUITS

8.6.4 Troubleshooting The Coolant Pressure

Circuit

PID xx - Shorted High (FMI_Voltage_High) or

Shorted Low (FMI_Voltage_Low)
Where xx represents the EMDEC Fault Code

The sensor is considered failed if its voltage is

below 0.23 V or above 4.95 V. Check the
EMREPORT (found in the .lst files within the
EMDEC software disk) for a complete listing of
the sensors available and shutdown tables on a
particular locomotive order. At startup, EMDEC
will allow the cooling system two (2) minutes to
pressurize before enabling the coolant pressure
protective circuit. After the two (2) minute time
period, the system will shutdown for low coolant
pressure or wiring faults in throttle positions
higher than Idle.

1) Check within the EMDEC reader

program EMMON for the following
ACTIVE fault:

PID xx - Shorted High

(FMI_Voltage_High) or Shorted Low
(FMI_Voltage_Low)
Where xx can be: 60 Coolant
pressure RB
Coolant pressure LB
Coolant pressure engine out
Auxiliary water pressure (1.5 Software
Version Only)
Engine Oil Level (really #2 Coolant
Pressure 1.5 Software Version Only)
Coolant Pressure (1.5 Software
Version Only)

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 8.6 - TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR CIRCUITS

2) Since this fault can occur from having a

disconnected sensor, check the plug for
misaligned pins, contaminated (with
engine fluids or debris) pins, flattened at
the pin contact tip or pushed back from
the socket.

3) Check that the plug at the ECM

(reference respective wiring schematic)
is properly connected and that the pins
are not contaminated, pushed back, or
flattened at the contact tip. If
contaminated clean and check if fault
becomes INACTIVE.

4) If no corrosion is evident, replace the

sensor with a new sensor. Check
EMMON to see if the ACTIVE fault
went INACTIVE. If the fault did not
clear, proceed to troubleshooting the
harness wiring and ECM.

Remember the sensor wiring is always as

follows: Terminal A=Ground, Terminal
8
B= Sensor Output, Terminal C=5VDC
Supply.

Sensor Resistance Values:

58 PSI Sensor P/N 40059278

Pin A to B 11.52 - 14.08 kohm

Pin A to C 10.35 - 12.65 kohm
Pin B to C 1.26 - 1.54 kohm

100 PSI Sensor P/N 40055333

or 40087572

Pin A to B 10.58 - 13.5 kohm

Pin A to C 9.34 - 11.42 kohm
Pin B to C 1.26 - 1.54 kohm5
EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 243
 8.6 - TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR CIRCUITS

5) Check the harness for a short by opening the

ENGINE CONTROL circuit breaker and
disconnecting the plug at the sensor along
with the EHC connector at the ECM.
Measure the resistance across pin 2L and pin
1W for coolant pressure #1, pin 2M and pin
1W for coolant pressure #2 and pin 1R and
pin 1W for Y-pipe coolant pressure. If less
than or equal to 10,000 ohms then the
harness is shorted. Next, run a jumper from
pin A to pin B on the sensor plug. Check the
resistance across pin 2L and pin 2Y for
coolant pressure #1, pin 2M and pin 2Y for
coolant pressure #2 and pin 1R and pin 2Y
for Y-pipe coolant pressure on the EHC
connector at the Sender ECM. If the
resistance is greater than 5 ohms, the harness
is open.

6) If the above tests are inconclusive, replace

the ECM.

If no defect is found with any EMDEC

component, put the unit in load test at throttle 8
for one-half hour to see if the fault repeats. If no
fault reoccurs, release the unit to service. (Note:
If the water was over 200 degrees, with a “Hot
Engine” shutdown archived, replace the coolant
system pressure cap).

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 8.6 - TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR CIRCUITS

8.6.5 Troubleshooting The Coolant Pressure Circuit

PID xx - Data Valid But Above / Below Normal

Where xx represents the EMDEC Fault Code

NOTE:
The sensor is considered failed if its voltage is below
0.23 V or above 4.95 V. Check the EMREPORT (found
in the .lst files within the EMDEC software disk) for a
complete listing of the sensors available and shutdown
tables on a particular locomotive order. EMDEC will allow
the cooling system two (2) minutes to pressurize before
enabling the coolant pressure protective circuit. After the
two (2) minute time period, the system will shutdown for
low coolant pressure or wiring faults in throttle positions
higher than Idle.

1) Check within the EMDEC reader program

EMMON for the following ACTIVE fault:

PID xx - Data Valid but above Normal 8

Where xx can be: 60 Coolant Pressure LB
61 Coolant Pressure RB
62 Coolant Pressure
Engine Out
98 Engine Oil Level
(really #2 Coolant Pressure
1.5 Software Only)
109 Coolant Pressure
(1.5 Software Version
Only)
63 Coolant Pressure Delta
LB (Coolant Press LB -
Engine out)

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 8.6 - TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR CIRCUITS

64 Coolant Pressure
Delta RB (Coolant Press
RB - Engine out)
65 Excessive Bank to
Bank Coolant Pressure
Difference (1.7 only)

NOTE:
PID’s 63, 64 and 65 are calculated values and do not
physically have a sensor assigned to them.

2) This fault can often be associated with a

“stuck” or incorrect sensor. Place the
locomotive in self test and throttle up
watching the sensor value on EMMON.
If the sensor does not change at each throttle
position, replace the suspect sensor and
monitor if the ACTIVE fault becomes
INACTIVE. If the value does change, go to
step 3.

3) Check to determine that there is not a true

mechanical problem causing the fault (e.g.
entrained air, pump cavitation or failure,
head-gasket leak, cracked cylinder head, etc.).
Check the sight glass for coolant level with
the engine running and follow the
recommended mechanical system
troubleshooting procedures found in the
Diesel Engine Troubleshooting Guide
(DET).

4) The cooling system is blocked. Follow the

recommended procedure for clearing cooling
system debris or other blockage located in the
DET.

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 8.6 - TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR CIRCUITS

5) A significant cooling system leak has

developed. Follow the recommended
procedures for finding and fixing cooling
system leaks.

NOTE:
Conditions 3,4, and 5 above are most likely to cause
defaults, so look for those on the EMDEC diagnostics to
help narrow down the actual root cause. Keep in mind
that mechanical problems such as a leaking head gasket
or cracked cylinder head, may only produce symptoms
under full engine load. Therefore, a load test on a fully
warmed-up engine may be the only way to duplicate the
problem. When running such a test, have the EMDEC
reader program EMMON set-up to display all cooling
system data. Pay particular attention to significant
changes in Delta-P values since they are the first to
indicate entrained exhaust or air bubbles in the cooling
system.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 247

 8.6 - TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR CIRCUITS

8.6.6 Troubleshooting The Oil Pressure Circuit

PID xx - Shorted High (FMI_Voltage_High) or

Shorted Low (FMI_Voltage_Low)
Where xx represents the EMDEC Fault Codes

NOTE:
The engine will shutdown if the oil pressure sensor is
considered valid and the oil pressure is below the
shutdown curve for 10 seconds. The sensor is
considered valid if its voltage is above 0.23 V or below
4.95 V. The engine will shutdown for an invalid sensor
after 40 seconds. Check the EMREPORT (found in the
.lst files within the EMDEC software disk) for a complete
listing of the sensors available and shutdown tables on a
particular locomotive order. The oil pressure shutdown
protection is excluded for 60 seconds after engine start.

1) Check within the EMDEC reader program

EMMON for the following ACTIVE fault:

PID xx - Shorted High (FMI_Voltage_High)or

Shorted Low (FMI_Voltage_Low)
Where xx can be: 30 Oil pressure turbo RB
31 Oil pressure turbo LB
32 Oil pressure engine in
33 Oil pressure filter in

2) Since this fault can occur from having a

disconnected sensor, check the plug for pins
that are misaligned, contaminated (with
engine fluids or debris), flattened at the
contact tip or pushed back from the socket.

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 8.6 - TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR CIRCUITS

3) Check that the plug at the ECM (reference

respective wiring schematic) is properly
connected and that the pins are not
contaminated, pushed back, or flattened at the
contact tip. If contaminated clean and check
if fault becomes INACTIVE.

4) If no corrosion is evident, replace the sensor

with a new sensor. Check EMMON to see if
the ACTIVE fault went INACTIVE. If the
fault did not clear, proceed to troubleshooting
the harness wiring and ECM.

Remember the sensor wiring is always as

follows: Terminal A=Ground, Terminal B=
Sensor Output, Terminal C=5VDC Supply.

Sensor Resistance Values:

100 PSI Sensor P/N 40087572

Pin A to B
Pin A to C
10.58-13.5 kohm
9.34-11.42 kohm
8
Pin B to C 1.58-1.93 kohm

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 249

 8.6 - TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR CIRCUITS

5) Check the harness for a short by opening the

ENGINE CONTROL Circuit Breaker and
disconnecting the plug at the sensor along
with the EHC connector at the ECM.
Measure the resistance across pin 2P and pin
1W. If less than or equal to 10,000 ohms
then the harness is shorted. Next, run a
jumper from pin A to pin B on the sensor
plug. Check the resistance across pin 2P and
pin 2Y on the EHC connector at the sender
ECM. If the resistance is greater than
5 ohms, the harness is open.

6) If the above tests are inconclusive, replace

the ECM.

7) If no defect is found with any EMDEC

components, put the unit in load test at
throttle 8 for one-half hour to see if the fault
repeats. If no fault reoccurs, release the unit
to service.

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 8.6 - TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR CIRCUITS

8.6.7 Troubleshooting The Oil Pressure Circuit

PID xx - Data Valid But Above / Below Normal

Where xx represents the EMDEC Fault Code

NOTE:
The engine will shutdown if the oil pressure sensor is
considered valid and the oil pressure is below the
shutdown curve for 10 seconds. The sensor is
considered valid if its voltage is above 0.23 V or below
4.95 V. The engine will shutdown for an invalid sensor
after 40 seconds. Check the EMREPORT (found in the
.lst files within the EMDEC software disk) for a complete
listing of the sensors available and shutdown tables on
a particular locomotive order. The oil pressure shutdown
protection is excluded for 60 seconds after engine start.

1) Check within the EMDEC reader program

EMMON for the following ACTIVE fault:
PID xx - Data Valid but above Normal
Where xx can be: 30 Oil Pressure Turbo LB 8
31 Oil Pressure Turbo RB
32 Oil Pressure Engine In

2) This fault can often be associated with a

“stuck” or incorrect sensor. Place the
locomotive in self-test and throttle up
watching the sensor value on EMMON.
If the sensor does not change at each throttle
position, replace the suspect sensor and
monitor if the ACTIVE fault becomes
INACTIVE. If the value does change, go to
step 3.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 251

 8.6 - TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR CIRCUITS

3) Check to determine that there is not a true

mechanical problem causing the fault (e.g.
pump failure, relief valve stuck, fuel in oil,
etc.). Follow the recommended mechanical
system troubleshooting procedures found in
the Diesel Engine Troubleshooting Guide
(DET).

4) If equipped with rack mounted sensor, the

following additional faults may be logged
(although they do not cause engine
shutdowns):
PID 34 Oil Pressure Delta Filter
(FMI Health Low)
PID 34 Oil Pressure Delta Filter
(FMI Health Critical)

These faults indicate that the Lube Oil Filter is

nearing or has reached its maximum capacity
and should be replaced with a new element, per
recommended engine maintenance.

252 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 8.6 - TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR CIRCUITS

8.6.8 Troubleshooting The Oil Temperature

Sensor Circuit

NOTE:
The engine will shutdown if the oil temperature sensor is
considered valid and the oil temperature is above 250˚F
for 60 seconds (10 seconds for H engine equipped
locomotives). The sensor is considered valid if the its
voltage is above 0.23 V or below 4.95 V. The engine will
not shutdown for an invalid sensor.

1) Check within the EMDEC reader program

EMMON for the following ACTIVE fault:
PID xx - Data Valid but above Normal
Where xx can be: 39 Oil temperature
engine in

2) Clear the active codes.

3) Disconnect the connector from the sensor

and examine both for corrosion or damage.
If corrosion is evident, replace both the 8
terminals and sensor. If none is evident,
proceed to the next step.

4) If the indicated fault is Oil Temperature

Circuit Failed High, disconnect the oil
temperature sensor plug and install a jumper
wire between sockets A and B. If the active
code on the reader is Oil Temperature Circuit
Failed High, the signal wire has an open.

5) Disconnect the EHC plug from the sender

ECM. Use a voltmeter to read the resistance
between Pin 2R and Pin 2Y. If the resistance
is greater than or equal to 10,000 ohms or
open, replace the sensor.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 253

 8.6 - TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR CIRCUITS

6) If the indicated fault is Oil Temperature

Circuit Failed Low, disconnect the oil
temperature sensor plug from the sensor after
clearing the active faults.

7) If the active fault on the reader is no longer

Oil Temperature Circuit Failed Low, replace
the sensor.

8) Check the continuity of the wires from the

sender ECM to the oil temperature sensor as
follows:
Plug terminal A - EHC 2Y
Plug terminal B - EHC 2R
If open or grounded, replace the harness.

9) It is also possible that other sensors may have

a short or ground that is causing the oil
temperature sensor to have electrical
problems.
100,000
CALIBRATION POINTS:
77.0 F = 2590.7 - 2964.7 ohms
262.4 F = 77.7 - 84.9 ohms
SENSOR RESISTANCE (OHMS)

10,000

1,000

100

0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300

TEMPERATURE (F)

Figure 8.2 Sensor Resistance vs Temperature Graph.

254 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 8.7 - TROUBLESHOOTING THE TW0-WAY SERIAL LINK

8.7 Troubleshooting the Two-Way Serial Link

There are two 2-Way links in the EMDEC system:

J1922 Control link and J1587 diagnostic link. The
control link consists of one 20 byte message going from
the EM2000 to EMDEC (MID 75) and one 20 byte
message going from EMDEC to the EM2000 (MID
71). The message packets contain information critical
to engine and locomotive control and performance.
The diagnostic link transmits data that is not critical to
the control of the locomotive or engine such as
operating parameters and diagnostic information
between the EM2000 and any EMDEC ECM.

1) Check within the EMDEC reader program

EMMON for the following ACTIVE fault:
PID 247 - J1922 Busy Byte FMI Abnormal
Rate

The “Busy Byte” is used to determine

the integrity of the communication link 8
between EMDEC and the EM2000.
When an active “Busy Byte error” is
archived in EMDEC several parameters
may be altered due to the loss of the
control link.

- Airbox pressure is clipped at a

maximum value of 64.90 in Hg in
TN8 Full load.

- Engine speed is not transmitted over

the Sender ECM 128 but is over the
Receiver ECM 175.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 255

 8.7 - TROUBLESHOOTING THE TWO-WAY SERIAL LINK

2) Make sure that the EM2000 COMPUTER

CONTROL Circuit Breaker is closed and
the EMDEC power supply is functioning
correctly.

NOTE:
In order to isolate what link has failed, pull up on the
EM2000 programmable screen Ebusy, EbusyA, ECFail
and EDFail. Ebusy is the bit sent by the EM2000 and
EbusyA is the return bit from EMDEC. The EM2000
sends a status bit to EMDEC starting at 1 and counting
up to 15. EMDEC, in turn, mimics the response back to
the EM2000. If the status bit is inactive for five seconds,
a total loss of communication exists. If the ECFail is true
(ON) the control link has failed and operation has
defaulted to the diagnostic link. If the EDFail is true (ON)
the diagnostic link has failed. If both links are lost a
No Load condition exists due to complete
communication loss.

3) Check supply voltage on PC connector (Pin

A and C +24 VDC, Pin B, D and E GND)
of power harness. If 24 VDC is not present,
troubleshoot power harness using wiring
diagram WDO4066 inserted at the end of
the manual.

4) Unplug the communications connector on

the Sender ECM and make sure that pins A
and B are not recessed or loose to insure
proper mating to the ECM. Do the same on
the Locomotive Interface Board plug E2
pins 1 and 2. Perform a continuity check
from pin A of the Sender’s Communications
Connector (CC) to pin 1 on the E2
connector at the Interface Board. Do the
same for pin B of the Sender’s CC plug to
pin 2 of the E2 plug.

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 8.7 - TROUBLESHOOTING THE TW0-WAY SERIAL LINK

5) Check the wiring between the Interface

Board and the EM2000 Serial Distribution
Box in the #1 Electrical Cabinet. Unplug
the S2 mating connector on the interface
board and perform a continuity check from
the S2 plug pins 1, 2, 5, 6 and 7 to pins 12,
13, 10, 11 and 14, respectively on the Serial
Distribution Box.

6) Check the wiring from the Serial

Distribution Box to the COM module.
Disconnect the Serial Distribution Box
signal #1 plug and test for continuity from
pins 10, 11, 14, 12 and 13 to pins 10, 11, 14,
12 and 13, respectively on the 11B plug of
the COM module.

7) If there are no errors in the wiring found,

then replace the interface board.

8) If that does not fix the problem, replace in

order the Sender ECM, COM module and 8
Signal Distribution Box.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 257

 8.8 - TROUBLESHOOTINGEMDEC ANNUCIATOR PANEL

8.8 Troubleshooting EMDEC Annunciator

Panel (70/75 Series)

8.8.1 No Lights Illuminated On The Annunciator

Panel

A) Check that Engine Control Circuit Breaker is

closed.

B) Check that the Injector Run Switch located

on the EMDEC Annunciator panel is in the
“RUN” position.

C) Turn the switch at the Engine Start station to

the “Prime” position for a few seconds or
toggle the Computer Control circuit breaker.
If EFCO was used to stop the engine, the
EMDEC system will be disabled until the
prime switch is used to bring it back up.

D) Make sure the “MU Engine Stop” switch is in

the “Run” position.

E) Check for a green light on the power supply.

F) Check the AN plug on the interface board for

proper connection.

G) Check the AD plug at Annunciator panel for

proper connection.

H) Disconnect plug P from the interface board.

Check pin 1 for +24V and pin 3 for -24V.

I) Disconnect and check AD plug, pin 13 at

Annunciator panel for +24V. Check AD plug,
pin 2 for -24V.

258 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 8.8 - TROUBLESHOOTINGEMDEC ANNUCIATOR PANEL

J) A digital voltmeter can be placed across two

resistors: R15 (right leg) for positive, and C7
(left leg) for negative. If +24Vis read, ignition
is on.

K) Check if reader can access the EMDEC

system at the reader port. If it can, the
Annunciator panel or interface board may
be suspect.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 259

 8.9 - TROUBLESHOOTING THE 710 SERIES SENSOR BOX

8.9 Troubleshooting the 710 Series

Sensor Box

The Sensor Box Simultaor is used to simulate the

EMDEC Sensor Box when troubleshooting the
Sensor Box or the EMDEC System. The Sensor Box
Simulator will output fixed signal to the ECMs, so
that EMDEC faults can be isolated to the Sensor Box
or wiring/ECMs. Basically, the test procedure to
follow is:

1. Open Engine Control Circuit Breaker.

2. Disconnect connector from the rear of the

Sensor Box.

3. Plug Sensor Box Simulator P/N 40106322

into harness connection that was removed
from Sensor Box.

4. Re-energize EMDEC System by closing the

Engine Control Breaker.

5. Launch EMMON or WinEMMON software

program.

260 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 8.9 - TROUBLESHOOTING THE 710 SERIES SENSOR BOX

6. Review sensor parameter list for the following

values (depending upon the version of
EMMON used, it may be necessary to build
this signal list):

• Coolant Pressure 63 PSI

Engine-In LB

• Coolant Pressure 35 PSI

Engine-In RB

• Coolant Pressure 2 PSI

Engine-Out

• Oil Pressure Turbo 82 PSI

Inlet-RB

• Crankcase Press-LB 2 in H2O

• Airbox Pressure-RB 41 PSI

• Fuel Pressure 93 PSI 8

Engine-In

The presence of these signal values indicate wiring

upstream of the Sensor Box is “good” and that the fault
must reside in the Sensor Box.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 261

 8.10 - TROUBLESHOOTING FLOWCHARTS

8.10.1

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 8.10 - TROUBLESHOOTING FLOWCHARTS

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 8.10 - TROUBLESHOOTING FLOWCHARTS

8.10.2

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8.10.3

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8.10.4

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 8.10 - TROUBLESHOOTING FLOWCHARTS

8.10.5

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8.10.6

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 8.10 - TROUBLESHOOTING FLOWCHARTS

292 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 8.11 - EMDEC TROUBLESHOOTING QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE

EMDEC Troubleshooting Quick Reference Guide

PID FMI DESCRIPTION MOST PROBABLE CAUSE

SID [EMDEC Operation & Training Guide Section #]
{Diesel Engine Troubleshooting Guide - DET}

21 Data valid but Engine Position Check air gap = 0.150” I Check physical
above/below Sensor (SRS) damage to SRS/TRS sensors I Check
normal range harness wiring between ECM’s &
sensors I Injector harness ground
I ECM ground [Section 3]

30 Data valid but Oil pressure turbo Stuck sensor I Mechanical problem
(31) above/below RB (LB) such as pump failure, fuel in oil, etc.
normal range {DET p. 29-31}

30 Volt. above/below Oil pressure turbo Check plugs @ sensor & ECM I Failed
(31) normal shorted RB (LB) sensor I Check harness wiring
high/low [Section 4 D & E]

32 Data valid but Oil pressure engine Stuck sensor I Mechanical problem
above/below in such as pump failure, fuel in oil, etc.
normal range {DET p. 29-31}
8
32 Volt. above/ Oil pressure engine Check plugs @ sensor & ECM I Failed
below normal in sensor I Check harness wiring
shorted high/low [Section 4 D & E]

33 Data valid but Oil pressure filter in Stuck sensor I Mechanical problem
above/below such as pump failure, fuel in oil, etc.
normal range {DET p. 29-31}

33 Volt. above/ Oil pressure filter in Check plugs @ sensor & ECM I Failed
below normal sensor I Check harness wiring
shorted high/low [Section 4 D]

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 293

 8.11 - EMDEC TROUBLESHOOTING QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE

EMDEC Troubleshooting Quick Reference Guide

PID FMI DESCRIPTION MOST PROBABLE CAUSE

SID [EMDEC Operation & Training Guide Section #]
{Diesel Engine Troubleshooting Guide - DET}

34 Health low/critical Oil pressure delta Check oil filters/lube system {DET p. 18}
filter [EMDEC Section 4 E]

39 Volt. above Oil temperature Check EM2000 for hot eng. faults, if
normal shorted engine in none check plug, sensor, wiring, ECM
high [Section 4 F]

39 Data valid Oil temperature Check EM2000 for hot eng. faults, if
but above/ engine in none check for a failed high sensor
below normal I Oil system problem {DET p. 23}
range

40 Volt. above/ Air pressure Check plugs @ sensor I Failed sensor I

(41) below normal Manifold RB Check harness wiring I Failed ECM
shorted high/low (LB) Troubleshoot similar to procedure found
in [Section 4 A]

42 Data valid but Crankcase pressure Check if CCP button popped-out, if not
(43) above/below LB (RB) popped check wiring/elect. [Section 4 A]
normal range if popped {DET p. 41-42}

42 Volt. above/ Crankcase pressure Check if CCP button popped-out, if not

(43) below normal LB (RB) popped check wiring/elect [Section 4 A]
shorted high/low if popped {DET p. 41-42}

Volt. above/ Air temperature Check plugs @ sensor I Failed sensor I

45 below normal engine in Check harness wiring I Failed ECM
shorted high/low Troubleshoot similar to procedure found
in [Section 4 F]

294 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 8.11 - EMDEC TROUBLESHOOTING QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE

EMDEC Troubleshooting Quick Reference Guide

PID FMI DESCRIPTION MOST PROBABLE CAUSE

SID [EMDEC Operation & Training Guide Section #]
{Diesel Engine Troubleshooting Guide - DET}

46 Volt. above/ Air temp manifold Check plugs @ sensor I Failed sensor
(47) below normal RB (LB) I Check harness wiring I Failed ECM
shorted high/low Troubleshoot similar to procedure found
in [Section 4 F]

50 Volt. above/ Fuel pressure Check plugs @ sensor I Failed sensor

below normal engine in I Check harness wiring I Failed ECM
shorted high/low low fuel press. [Section 4 E]

51 Volt. above/ Fuel pressure Check plugs @ sensor I Failed sensor

below normal engine filter in I Check harness wiring I Failed ECM
shorted high/low low fuel press. [Section 4 E]

52 Volt. above/ Fuel pressure Check plugs @ sensor I Failed sensor

below normal primary filter in I Check harness wiring I Failed ECM
shorted high/low [Section 4 E]

53 Volt. above/ Fuel pressure delta Calc. value in software, check

8
below normal primary filter EMREPORT for sensor p/n’s
shorted high/low

54 Volt. above/ Fuel pressure delta Calc. value in software, check

below normal engine filter EMREPORT for sensor p/n’s
shorted high/low

60 Data vaild but Coolant pressure LB Stuck or incorrect sensor I Cooling

(61) above/below (RB) system problem, obstruction I Coolant
normal range leak {DET p. 34-35}

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 295

 8.11 - EMDEC TROUBLESHOOTING QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE

EMDEC Troubleshooting Quick Reference Guide

PID FMI DESCRIPTION MOST PROBABLE CAUSE

SID [EMDEC Operation & Training Guide Section #]
{Diesel Engine Troubleshooting Guide - DET}

60 Volt. above/ Coolant pressure Check plugs @ sensor & ECM I Failed
(61) below normal LB (RB) sensor I Check harness wiring
shorted high/low [Section 4 B]

62 Data valid but Coolant pressure Stuck or incorrect sensor I Cooling

above/below engine out system problem, obstruction I Coolant
normal range leak {DET p. 34-35}

62 Volt. above/ Coolant pressure Check plugs @ sensor & ECM I Failed
below normal engine out sensor I Check harness wiring
shorted high/low [Section 4 B]

63 Data valid but Coolant pressure Calc. value in software (LB or RB-
(64) below normal delta LB (RB) Engine out), check EMREPORT for
range sensor p/n’s

73 Data valid but Auxiliary water Stuck or incorrect sensor I Cooling

above/below pump pressure system problem, obstruction I Coolant
normal range leak {DET p. 34-35}

73 Volt. above/ Auxiliary water Check plugs @ sensor & ECM I Failed
below normal pump pressure sensor I Check harness wiring
shorted high/low [Section 4 B]

82 Data valid but Turbo speed RB Check sensor I Check harness wiring
above normal I Sender ECM I Interface Board
Troubleshoot similar to procedure found
in [Section 3]

296 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 8.11 - EMDEC TROUBLESHOOTING QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE

EMDEC Troubleshooting Quick Reference Guide

PID FMI DESCRIPTION MOST PROBABLE CAUSE
SID [EMDEC Operation & Training Guide Section #]
{Diesel Engine Troubleshooting Guide - DET}

83 Data valid but Turbo speed LB Check sensor I Check harness wiring
above normal I Receiver ECM I Interface Board
Troubleshoot similar to procedure found
in [Section 3]

101 Data valid but Turbo boost Check plugs @ sensors & ECM I Failed
above/below pressure sensor I Check harness wiring
normal range [p. 61] I Turbo prob. {DET p. 63}

101 Volt. above/ Turbo boost Check plugs @ sensor & ECM I Failed
below normal pressure sensor I Check harness wiring similar to
shorted high/ [Section 3] I Turbo prob. {DET p. 63}
low

231 Bad Component J1939 Data Link Check communication wiring between
ECM’s I Check ECM p/n I Failed ECM

247 Abnormal rate J1922 Busy Byte Check wiring from ECM to COM
8
module I Failed interface board I Failed
ECM I Failed COM module I Failed
Signal Distribution Box

248 Abnormal rate/ Proprietary Data Check communication wiring between

frequency, PW Link ECM’s I Check ECM p/n I Failed ECM
or period

249 Bad Component J1922 Data Link Check communication wiring between
ECM’s I Check ECM p/n I Failed ECM

253 Data Erratic/ Calibration Memory Clear fault I Cycle Injection switch I
Bad Component Reprogram ECM w/cal. only I Failed
ECM

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 297

 Notes:

298 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 System References
Component Locator
Charts
Appendix A
A.1 1. Receiver ECM - All Engines
EMDEC 2. Sender ECM - All Engines
QUICK 3. Receiver 2 ECM - 20 Cylinder 710 Only
LOCATOR LIST 4. TRS - All Engines
5. SRS - All Engines
The locator list 6. Oil Pressure - All Engines
below corresponds 7. Oil Pressure Left Bank Turbo - H Engine Only
to the numbers
contained 8. Oil Pressure Right Bank Turbo - H Engine Only
on each of the 9. Oil Temperature - All Engines
illustrations in this 10. Crankcase Pressure - 710 Engine Only
Appendix.
11. Crankcase Pressure #1 - H Engine Only
12. Crankcase Pressure #2 - H Engine Only
13. Airbox Pressure - 710 Engine Only
14. Airbox Pressure Left Bank - H Engine Only
15. Airbox Pressure Right Bank - H Engine Only
16. Airbox Temperature - 710 Engine Only
17. Airbox Temperature Left Bank - H Engine Only
18. Airbox Temperature Right Bank - H Engine Only
19. Fuel Inlet Pressure - All Engines
20. Fuel Pressure 2 - Application Specific
21. Fuel Inlet Temperature - All Engines
22. Coolant Pressure #1 (Left Bank) - All Engines
23. Coolant Pressure #2 (Right Bank/Aftercooler)
- Application Specific
24. Coolant Pressure #3 (engine outlet)
- Application Specific
25. Turbo Speed (Left Bank) - H Engine Only
26. Turbo Speed (Right Bank) - H Engine Only
27. Exhaust Temperature - H Engine Only
28. Inlet Air Temperature - Application Specific
29. Sensor In A Box

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 299

 TURBO LOW OIL
PRESSURE SHUTDOWN
LINE
FUEL FILTERS
AND SIGHT
GLASSES
11
6
19

21
ECM

23
TURBO &
TURBO LUBE
FILTER
STRAINER
FLYWHEEL BOX

RIGHT SIDE ENGINE VIEW

Figure A.1 Locator - 710 (Side Mounted ECM’s).

24 TURBO
OVERSPEED 22
HOUSING
TRIP

22 10
ECM

9
5

LEFT SIDE ENGINE VIEW FLYWHEEL

16
FROM
AC CABINET
• POWER HARNESS
• EXTERNAL HARNESS

Figure A.2 Locator - 710 (Side Mounted ECM’s).

300 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 1 2

19

21
9

23

Figure A.3 Locator - 710 (Current 16-Cyl & 12-Cyl).

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 301

 1 2

19

21

23

4
γ
5

9 22 10 13 16

Figure A.4 Locator - 710 (Current 16-Cyl &12-Cyl).

302 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 1 2

23

9 10 13 16 29

Figure A.5 Locator - 710 (Current 16-Cyl).

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 303

 24 4

5
2
1
18
21

17

14

15
22

23 6
(Behind)

9 11
(Behind)

12

Figure A.6 Locator - H Engine.

304 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 (Behind)
4 5 27

28

25 26

7 8

Figure A.7 Locator - H Engine.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 305

 Notes:

306 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 EM2000 EMDEC
Signal Acronyms
B.1 EM2000 EMDEC Signal Acronyms

Appendix B
Below is a list of the EMDEC acronyms for the EM2000. The values may be
slightly different depending on locomotive order or model.

AirBxDn Air box density.

AmbDens Ambient Air density given in Kg/M^
AmbienF Calculated ambient temperature.
AmbTmpF Ambient Air Temperature.
APCcLb Crankcase pressure left bank, always in inches of Hg.
APCcRb Crankcase pressure right bank.
APImLbP Air pressure left bank intake manifold.
APImRbP Air pressure right bank intake manifold.
ATEgIF Air temperature into engine.
ATImLbF Air temperature left bank intake manifold.
ATImRbF Air temperature right bank intake manifold.
AWT AOF Aftercooler Water Temperature at the Aspirator.
AWT ROF Aftercooler Water Temperature at the Radiator Output.
AWTF Aftercooler Water Temperature.
Bar Prs Barometric pressure: Pascal Version & Up.
BarPres BAROMETRIC PRESSURE.
BOI1 Injector Timing, beginning of injection in degrees
ECM #1.
BOI2 Injector Timing, beginning of injection in degrees
ECM #2.
BOI3 Injector Timing, beginning of injection in degrees
ECM #3.
EBusy End to end communications check.
EBusyA Busy Check: EMDEC will add one to this signal and then
send it back.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 307

ECFail The status of the EMDEC control data link.
ECM On< A Signal from EMDEC indicating computer is on.
EEngRPM The engine speed as measured by the EMDEC system.
EgPrLmR The reason EMDEC requesting an engine power limit.
EgSpRq The engine speed request that EMDEC uses to
control the engine speed.
EMDECMo EMDEC Operation Mode: To be defined at a later date.
ENG_PU Engine speed based on a speed pickup.
EngAcl Engine acceleration feedback.
EngCB< Engine Control Circuit Breaker.
EngCkCc Engine controller detects a crankcase pressure problem.
EngCkCP Engine controller detects a coolant pressure problem.
EngCkFP Engine controller detects a fuel pressure problem.
EngCkFT Engine controller detects a fuel temperature problem.
EngCkIn Engine controller detects an injector problem.
EngCkOP Engine controller detects an oil pressure problem.
EngCkOT Engine controller detects an oil temperature problem.
EngCkSS Engine controller detects a speed sensor (TRS/SRS)
problem.
EngCPH< Engine is in shutdown mode due to high crankcase
pressure.
EngCPL< Engine is in shutdown mode due to low engine coolant
pressure.
EngineR Engine Ratio: The engine ratio generated by the
EMDEC.
EngOPL< Engine is in shutdown mode due to low engine oil
pressure.
EngOTH< Engine is in a shutdown mode due to high engine oil
temperature.

308 Electro-Motive Service Publication

EngUdI< Engine is shutdown mode due to undefined condition #1.
EngUd2< Engine is in shutdown mode due to undefined
condition #2.
EngUd3< Engine is in shutdown mode due to undefined
condition #3.
B
ETTuILF Exhaust temperature at the Turbine Inlet of the engine’s
left bank.
ETTuIRF Exhaust temperature at the Turbine Inlet of the engine’s
right bank.
FF1tPrs Fuel Pressure Into the fuel filter.
FIPrEnI Fuel Pressure Engine in.
FPDEgF1 Fuel pressure drop across the engine fuel filter.
FPDPrF1 Fuel pressure drop across the primary fuel filter.
FPEgF1I Fuel pressure into the engine fuel filter.
FPEgIPS Fuel pressure into the engine.
FPPrF1I Fuel pressure into the primary fuel filter.
FrPress Coolant Pressure - Engine In RB.
FTEgIF Fuel temperature engine in.
FTEngIn Fuel temperature Engine In.
LOS< Low Oil Pressure Switch: Engine protector has tripped.
MID I The MID of the EMDEC packet received.
MID O The MID of the packet sent to EMDEC.
MIDVerI The MID version of the data packet received from
EMDEC.
MIDVerO The MID version of the data packet sent to EMDEC.
MnEgSp Minimum engine speed EMDEC likes to operate at.
MnEgSpP The priority for the maximum engine speed requested by
EMDEC.
MnEgSpR The reason for the minimum engine speed requested by
EMDEC.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 309

O1PrTbR Oil pressure turbo RB.
OpDpLbP Oil pressure drop across the left bank of the engine.
OPDpRbP Oil pressure drop across the right bank of the engine.
OPEgIPS Oil pressure into the engine.
OPFltDp Oil pressure drop across the engine oil filter.
OPF1tIP Oil pressure into the engine oil filter.
OPTuLPS Oil Pressure into the left bank turbo charger.
OPTuRPS Oil Pressure into the right bank turbo charger.
OTEgIF Oil Temperature into the engine.
pwidth1 EMDEC injector pulse width from ECM #1, in degrees.
pwidth2 EMDEC injector pulse width from ECM #2, in degrees.
pwidth3 EMDEC injector pulse width from ECM #3, in degrees.
TbSdLb Speed of the left bank turbocharger.
TbSdRb Speed of the right bank turbocharger.
TbSpd Speed of the right bank turbocharger.
TbSpd1 The turbo speed of the #1 turbo.
TbSpd2 The turbo speed of the #2 turbo.
TmIj1 Injection delay time for cylinder #1’s fuel injector.
TmIj10 Injection delay time for cylinder #10’s fuel injector.
TmIj11 Injection delay time for cylinder #11’s fuel injector.
TmIj12 Injection delay time for cylinder #12’s fuel injector.
TmIj13 Injection delay time for cylinder #13’s fuel injector.
TmIj14 Injection delay time for cylinder #14’s fuel injector.
TmIj15 Injection delay time for cylinder #15’s fuel injector.
TmIj16 Injection delay time for cylinder #16’s fuel injector.
TmIj17 Injection delay time for cylinder #17’s fuel injector.
TmIj18 Injection delay time for cylinder #18’s fuel injector.
TmIj19 Injection delay time for cylinder #19’s fuel injector.
Tmlj2 Injection delay time for cylinder #2’s fuel injector.
TmIj20 Injection delay time for cylinder #20’s fuel injector.

310 Electro-Motive Service Publication

TmIj3 Injection delay time for cylinder #3’s fuel injector.
TmIj4 Injection delay time for cylinder #4’s fuel injector.
Tmlj5 Injection delay time for cylinder #5’s fuel injector.
TmIj6 Injection delay time for cylinder #6’s fuel injector.
Tmlj7 Injection delay time for cylinder #7’s fuel injector.
B
TmIj8 Injection delay time for cylinder #8’s fuel injector.
TmIj9 Injection delay time for cylinder #9’s fuel injector.
TPU_RPM Turbo Speed from 2 - WAY EMDEC link,
H - engine only.
TPU1RPM Engine Turbo RPM from the #1 Turbo on the H - engine.
TPU2RPM Engine Turbo RPM from the #2 Turbo on the H - engine.
TqAl1w1 Allowed engine torque from EMC 1.
TqAl1w2 Allowed engine torque from ECM 2.
TqAl1w3 Allowed engine torque from ECM 3.
WPdLbPS Coolant (water) pressure drop across the left bank of the
engine.
WPdRbPS Coolant (water) pressure drop across the right bank of the
engine.
WPEgILP Coolant (water) pressure into the engine’s left bank.
WPEglRP Coolant (water) pressure into the engine’s right bank.
WPEgOtP Coolant (water) pressure out of the engine.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 311

B.2 EMDEC Acronyms

AN Plug AN plug for the fuel injection switch.

BA Plug BA plug for the injector harness on the ECM.
BB Plug BB plug for the injector harness on the ECM.
CC Plug Communications Plug - communications link
between the ECM and the EM2000.
CRV Compression Relief Valve.
ECM Engine Control Module-Used for controlling the engine.
EH Plug Engine Harness plug-plug on the ECM for the
sensor power and feedback.
EMDEC Electro-Motive Diesel Engine Control.
EMMON Laptop communication program with EMDEC.
EngineR Engine Fuel Ratio-The engine fuel ratio generated
by EMDEC: 0.87 is the max steady state fuel or
balanced point that the injector can fuel. 0.88-0.99
is a transient zone that should never exist as a
steady state condition.
FMI Fault Message Identification.
LB Left Bank.
LR%MAX Load Regulator % Maximum, 0 - 100, 100% engine
can sustain RPM with balanced fuel, <100% load
requested to back off either due to an engine prob.
or elect. prob.

312 Electro-Motive Service Publication

MAP Mainfold Air Pressure Sensor-Used to detect air box
pressure measured in inches of mercury.
PC PLUG Power Connection plug at the ECM for the 24 VDC.
PI PLUG Power plug for the 74 VDC power into the EMDEC
power supply.
B
PID Parameter Identification-Valve obtained from a sensor.
PIP Position Identification Pointer-Reference point used
with the SRS sensor.
PO Plug Power plug for the 24 VDC power out of the EMDEC
power supply to the ECM’s and Interface Board.
PR1 Plug Power plug for the 24 VDC power to the Receiver 1.
PS Plug Power plug for the 24 VDC power to the Sender ECM.
RB Right Bank.
S Plug S communications plug with the EM2000 on the
locomotive interface board.
SID System Identification--Calculated value within
EMDEC.
SRS Synchronous Reference Sensor--Used to let the
timing reference sensor know when to start timing.
TRS Timing Reference Sensor--Used for timing at every
10 degrees.
VHC Plug Vehicle Harness Connector plug on the ECM.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 313

 Notes:

314 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 System References

C.1 B
ELECTRICAL A
HARNESS &
CONNECTIONS
Appendix C
ENGINE
HARNESS
RECEIVER
ECM

POWER
HARNESS

COMMUNICATIONS
PORT

EXTERNAL
HARNESS
RECEIVER
ECM

EXTERNAL
HARNESS

COMMUNICATIONS
PORT

POWER
HARNESS
SENDER
ECM

ENGINE
HARNESS
A

SENDER
ECM

Figure C.1 ECM Harness Connections.

The information in this section describes typical

configurations. This section is provided for reference only.
Always consult the correct application schematics when
performing any maintenance or repairs.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 315

316
INJECTOR BANK A POWER PC
(Front Injectors on Bank) (To 24 VDC Power Supply)

INJECTOR BANK B CC
(Rear Injectors on Bank) (Communication Port
EMDEC Between ECMS)

Figure C.2 Typical ECM.

ENGINE HARNESS VEHICLE HARNESS CONNECTOR
CONNECTOR (To Locomotive Interface Panel)
(To All Sensors)

Electro-Motive Service Publication

 C

Figure C.3 Overall EMDEC System (View 1).

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 317

 Figure C.4 EMDEC Sensor Diagram (Part 1 Of 2).

318 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 C

Figure C.5 EMDEC Sensor Diagram (Part 2 Of 2).

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 319

 Figure C.6 Injector Harness Schematic.
320 Electro-Motive Service Publication
 C

Figure C.7 Engine Harness Schematic.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 321

 EHC Connector Plug Pin Assignment Cross Reference

322
for Sender ECM - Typical Marine & Power Generation

EHC CONN.
ECM BOX
HARNESS

Reference For Sender ECM.

Figure C.8 EHC Connector Plug Pin Assignment Cross

Electro-Motive Service Publication

 VHC Connector Plug Pin Assignment Cross Reference
for Sender ECM - Typical Marine & Power Generation

VHC CONN.
SENSOR
HARNESS

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide

Reference For Sender ECM.
Figure C.9 VHC Connector Plug Pin Assignment Cross

323
C
 T
U

S
V

R
W

P
w
X

P/N 40098549 Connector plug

Y

to ECM box
L
Injector & Sensor Harness Plugs TO ECM Box
- Typical 8-710 Marine & Power Generation

K
J
H
E

F
attached to this plug

attached to this plug

Yellow Wires are

Red Wires are

- INJECTORS plug to ECM box

H

P/N 40098547 Connector plug

J

G
K
A

F
B

E
C

NOTE:
There are qty. two (2) female connector plugs that will
come attached to the ME8G7C EMDEC engine. Their
plug arrangements are listed for reference only.
Connect these plugs directly to the ECM box (P/N
40100208).

Figure C.10 Injector & Sensor Harness Plugs To ECM Box.

324 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Control System Connections To ECM Box
- Typical Marine & Power Generation

B A

G F E D C

D A N M L K J H

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide

B U T S R Q P O
C
Y X V

0 vdc-grnd +24 VDC

P/N 40098553 Connector plug P/N 40098551 Connector plug

to ECM box to ECM box

Figure C.11 Control System Connections To ECM Box.

325
C
 ECM Box Connections - Typical Marine
& Power Generation

Power supply connects

here with P/N 40098553
supplied by EMD

Engine harness sensor

connects here (yellow wires)

Engine control harness

connects here with
P/N 40098551 supplied
by EMD

Engine injector harness

connects here (red wires)

Figure C.12 ECM Box Connections.

326 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 C
8G7C Sensor Wire Harness P/N 40098852

Figure C.13 8G7C Sensor Wire Harness P/N 40098852.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 327

328
Sensor Harness Connector Plug Pin Assignment
Cross Reference - Typical Marine & Power Generation

P/N 40098549 Connector

Sensor Harness

Y
X
W
V

U
E
w
T
F

H S

Assignment Cross Reference.

J R
K P
N

Figure C.14 Sensor Harness Connector Plug Pin

L M

SENSOR plug on engine

(yellow) wire harness

Electro-Motive Service Publication

 OEM Connector Plug Pin Assignment
Cross Reference - Typical Marine & Power Generation

P/N 40098551 Connector

Sensor Harness

B A

G F E D C

N M L K J H

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide

U T S R Q P O

Y X V

Cross Reference.
u

Figure C.15 OEM Connector Pin Plug Assignment

OEM plug for control
wiring to ECM box

329
C
 OEM Connector Plug Pin Assignment

330
Cross Reference - Typical Marine & Power Generation

P/N 40098551 Connector

Sensor Harness

B A

G F E D C

N M L K J H

U T S R Q P O

Y X V

Cross Reference.
u

Figure C.16 OEM Connector Plug Pin Assignment

OEM plug by S & S for control
wiring to ECM box

Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Injector & Sensor Wiring
Typical 8-710 For Power Generation

Control
System

Support Systems Sensor Installation and Wiring

Figure C.17 Injector & Sensor Wiring.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 331

 j g
Typical 8-710 For Power Generation

Figure C.18 Typical 8-710 For Power Generation.

332 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Typical 8-710 For Power Generation

Figure C.19 ECM Enclosure Wiring - Internal Power Wiring.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 333

 j g
Typical 8-710 For Power Generation

Figure C.20 ECM Enclosure Wiring - Internal Injector Wiring.

334 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Typical 8-710 For Power Generation

Figure C.21 ECM Enclosure Wiring - Internal Engine Wiring.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 335

 j g
Typical 8-710 For Power Generation

Figure C.22 ECM Wiring - Internal OEM Wiring.

336 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Injector & Sensor Wiring
Typical 12-710 For Marine & Power Generation

Control
System

Figure C.23 Injector & Sensor Wiring.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 337

 j g
Typical 12-710 For Marine & Power Generation

Figure C.24 ECM Enclosure External Engine Wiring.

338 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 j g
Typical 12-710 For Marine & Power Generation

Figure C.25 ECM Enclosure Wiring - Internal Power Wiring.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 339

 j g
Typical 12-710 For Marine & Power Generation

Figure C.26 ECM Enclosure Wiring - Internal Injector Wiring.

340 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 j g
Typical 12-710 For Marine & Power Generation

Figure C.27 ECM Enclosure Internal Engine Wiring.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 341

 j g
Typical 12-710 For Marine & Power Generation

Figure C.28 ECM Enclosure Internal OEM Wiring.

342 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 j g
Typical 12-710 For Marine & Power Generation

Figure C.29 Engine Connector Plug.

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 343

 Notes:

344 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Recommended
Tools and Reference
Material
Appendix D
PART NUMBER ITEM PURPOSE

40055368 PC Reader Kit Interfaces EMDEC Computer

Digital Multimeter General Troubleshooting
15/16” Crowsfoot Apply Torque To Injector
Fuel Lines
8237117 Snap Ring Pliers Removing 70 Platform/
80/90MAC Check Valves
9576512 Extraction Tool For AMP Terminals
12085270 Crimp Tool For Packard Terminals
12085271 Crimp Tool For Packard Terminals
40003920 Insertion/Extraction Tool For Engine Protector
Terminals
40051636 Crimp Tool For Barrel Type Terminals
40052278 Crimp Tool For Barrel Type Terminals
40052279 Insertion/Extraction Tool For 12 Cylinder Power/
Sensor Plugs
AMP91019-3 Extraction Tool For 16 Cylinder Power Plugs
AMP69710-1 Crimp Tool For 16 Cylinder Power Plugs
AMP90310-2 Crimp Tool For AMP Terminals In AC
Cabinet
SRS/TRS Simulator SRS/TRS Simulator Tool
Sensor Pot Box Sensor Potential Simulator
40094650 Speed Sensor Gap For 710/256 H Series Engines
Gauge
40103969 Sensor Box Simulator For 710 Series Engines

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 345

 REFERENCE MATERIALS
PART NUMBER TITLE
N00008EP Diesel Engine Troubleshooting Guide
(For EMD 645 and 710 Engines)

346 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Notes:

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 347

 Notes:

348 Electro-Motive Service Publication

 Sensor Application
Chart

Appendix E
DEVICE APPLICATION(S) RANGE

40059731 Fuel Pressure 0 - 200 PSIA

40063567 Fuel, Oil, Engine Air 2.8K Ohms at 25 ˚C
Airbox Temperature (Same transfer function
as shown on page 59)
40079154 Crankcase Pressure -0.5 to 0.5 PSIG
40086233 Engine Air, Airbox 3K Ohms at 25˚C
Temperature
40087572 Coolant, Turbo Oil 0 - 100 PSIG
Pressure, Fuel Pressure
40087573 Fuel Pressure Engine-In 0 - 200 PSIA
Fuel Pressure Primary
Filter-In, Oil Pressure
Engine-In, Oil Pressure
Filter-In
40089208 Airbox Pressure 0 - 87 PSIA

EMDEC Operating & Troubleshooting Guide 349

 Notes:

350 Electro-Motive Service Publication