JDBC

JDBC is the java API that is used to connect Java Application to the database. This
API contains classes and interfaces which are used by Java Programmers to connect
Java Applications to the databases. Before understanding JDBC we must understand
its need.

Using native driver in an application for communicating to a database had following

problems:-
1. Application Programmers were to learn different API’s for different database
packages.
2. Each time database package was changed in, an application was required to be
modified.

ODBC was introduced to solve above mentioned problems.

JDBC NOTES 1
 Disadvantage of using ODBC was that Application Programmers need to invoke C
functions from their applications.

Different database vendors implemented JDBC interfaces in different ways.

Depending upon the implementation we have 4 types of JDBC drivers.
1. Type 1 or JDBC-ODBC Bridge Driver – In Type 1 JDBC driver, driver classes
provided by database vendors invokes ODBC functions using JNI.

JDBC NOTES 2
 Advantage of Type 1 driver –
a. This is the simplest driver from implementation. Sun Microsystem provides
implementation of Type 1 JDBC driver with Core Java library.
b. Single implementation of Type1 driver can be used with all databases.

Disadvantage of Type 1 driver –

a. Major disadvantage of Type1 JDBC Driver is the degradation of performance
because each database operation requires multiple calls and conversion.
b. ODBC Driver needs to be installed on each machine on which application is
to be executed.

2. Type 2 or Native Driver

JDBC NOTES 3
 In Type 2 Driver, driver classes provided by Vendor act as Java Wrapper of
Native Driver.
Advantage of Type 2 driver –
a. ODBC driver is not required.
b. Better performance is obtained as compared to Type 1 Driver.

Disadvantage of Type 2 driver –

a. Native Driver needs to be installed on each machine on which application is
to be executed.
b. For each database, different driver implementation is required.

3. Type 3 or Network Driver.

Advantage of Type 3 driver –

Native Driver need to be installed only on a single machine on the network.

Disadvantage of Type 3 driver –

Performance is degraded because of additional networking overhead.

4. Type 4 or Pure Java Native Driver.

JDBC NOTES 4
 Advantage of Type 4 driver –
a. ODBC & Native Driver is not required.
b. Better performance is obtained as compared to other drivers.

Disadvantage of Type 4 driver –

For each database different implementation of the driver is required.

JDBC NOTES 5
 Dated : 18.07.10

java.Sql package contains classes & interfaces of JDBC API.

DriverManager is a utility class that acts as a factory of connections.

Connection interface provides the abstraction of a database connection and act
as a factory of statements.
Statement interface provides the facility of executing sql queries and act as a
factory of ResultSet.
PreparedStatement interface provides the facility of executing parameterized
query.
CallableStatement interface provides the facility of invoking stored procedures
& functions.
ResultSet interface is used to store the result of a SELECT QUERY & act as a
factory of Resultset MetaData.
ResultsetMetaData interface provides the facility of obtaining information
about the result contained in ResultSet.
DatabaseMetaData interface is used to obtain information about the database.
SQLException is the superclass of all database related exception.

Factory is a creational designed pattern that is used to control the creation of

objects. This design pattern is implemented in the form of a factory class.
A factory class is a class that contains factory methods.
A factory method is a method that creates & returns objects.

For example –

JDBC NOTES 6
Define a class that creates & uses objects of any of these classes. User class must not be
modified to switch form one type of Number to Another.

Now, one way we have –

We will create an interface “Number.java”.

JDBC NOTES 7
 class NumberFactory
{
public static Number getNumber(int type)
{
if(type == 1)
return new Rational();
else if (type == 2)
return new Complex();
else
return new Real();
}
}

Now, let’s suppose we assume 2 different companies Microsoft and Oracle provides
the implementation for Connection class as follows:-

Let con be a connection Object.

Statement can be created in implementation independent manner as:-

JDBC NOTES 8
 Statement stmt = con.createStatement();

Following steps are required to connect a Java application to a database:-

1. Driver class is registered with the DriverManager.
2. Using the DriverManager, Connection object is created.
3. Using the Connection object, Statement object is created.
4. Using the statement queries executed.
5. Connection is closed.
Implementation of steps:-
Each driver implementation provides a MetaData class that describes connection
implementation for the driver. This class needs to be registered with the
DriverManager.
All Driver classes contain registration code in their static block i.e. in order to
register the driver class it simply needs to be loaded.
In case of Type 1 driver sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver class need to be loaded.

Example –
1st Step
Class.forName(“sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver”);
2nd Step
getConnection( ) method of DriverManager class is used to create a Connection
object.

Syntax-
public static Connection getConnnection(String url) throws SQLException;
public static Connection getConnnection(String url, string username, String password) throws
SQLException;

URL represents the information that is used by the driver to establish a database
connection. Different drivers require different information in different formats.

In case of Type1, url has following format:-

“jdbc:odbc:DatasourceName”

Let a DSN named myDb be created.

Then,
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(“jdbc:odbc:myDb”);

3rd Step-

JDBC NOTES 9
 Connection interface provide createStatement( ) factory method for creating
statement object.
Syntax –
public Statement createStatement();
Example:-
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();

4th Step –
Statement interface provides following methods for executing queries:-
public Resultset executeQuery(String selectQuery) throws SQLException;
public int executeUpdate(String NonSelectDMLQuery) throws
SQLException;
public void execute (String NonDMLQuery) throws SQLException

If select query is executed data is to be obtained from the ResultSet. Obtaining

data from the ResultSet is a 2 step process:-
1. Record pointer is to be placed on the desired record.
2. Value of individual fields of the record is read.

next() method of Resultset is used to advance the record pointer by one record.
public boolean next();
Resultset interface provides various methods to read the value of individual
fields of current record.
General signature of these methods is:-
public type getType(int fieldIndex) throws SQLException;

Actual Methods:-
public String getString(int index) throws SQLException;

JDBC NOTES 10
 public int getInt(int index) throws SQLException;
public float getFloat(int index) throws SQLException;
etc.

Last step –
close( ) method of Connection interface is used to close the connection.
public void close( ) throws SQLException;

 How to use Type1 driver



JDBC NOTES 11
JDBC NOTES 12
 Example of type1

JDBC NOTES 13
 Using Type4 JDBC Driver for Oracle oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver class need to
be loaded.

url has the following format :-

JDBC NOTES 14
 In order to use Type 4 JDBC Driver for Oracle jar file containing implementation classes
of driver need to be available in the classpath.
ojdbcversionNo.jar
ojdbc14.jar
ojdbc10.jar
ojdbc15.jar
etc.
(See the figure below to figure out the whole process)
1. How to set path of ojdbc14.jar

JDBC NOTES 15
 Note : Each time we change database, we need to change URL in our program. To avoid
that problem, we can even change our approach. We can write program using properties
file.

Example using type4 driver

2. Now using properties file(type4 driver)

JDBC NOTES 16
 db.properties
driverClass = oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
url = jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl
user = scott
password = tiger

 First we will create connection class using properties file

ConnectionProvider.java

import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.sql.*;

public class ConnectionProvider

{
public static Connection getConnection()
{
Connection con = null;
try
{
Properties p = new Properties();
p.load(new FileInputStream("db.properties"));
Class.forName(p.getProperty("driverClass"));
con = DriverManager.getConnection(p.getProperty("url"),
p.getProperty("user"),p.getProperty("password"));

}catch(Exception e)
{
System.out.println(e);
}
return con;
}
}

Now, JdbcType4DemoUsingPropertyFile.java

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class JdbcType4DemoUsingPropertyFile

{
public static void main(String[ ] args)
{
try

JDBC NOTES 17
 {
Connection con = ConnectionProvider.getConnection( );
System.out.println("Connection object is of class:" +
con.getClass().getName( ));
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
System.out.println("Statement object is of class: " +
stmt.getClass().getName());
ResultSet rset = stmt.executeQuery("select * from jdbcdemo");
System.out.println("Result set Object is of class : " +
rset.getClass().getName());
System.out.println("Following records are selected");
while(rset.next())
{
System.out.println(rset.getString(1) + "\t" + rset.getInt(2)
+ "\t" +
rset.getInt(3) + "\t" + rset.getString(4));
}
con.close();
}catch(Exception e)
{
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}

Output-

JDBC NOTES 18
package JDBC;

import java.sql.*;

public class SelectTest

{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
try
{
Class.forName("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver");

JDBC NOTES 19
 Connection con =
DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:odbc:myDb", "scott", "tiger");
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
ResultSet rset = stmt.executeQuery("select * from emp");
System.out.println("Following records are selected...");
while(rset.next())
{
System.out.println(rset.getInt(1)+ "\t" +
rset.getString(2)+ "\t"
+ rset.getString(3)+ "\t" + rset.getInt(4)+"\t" + rset.getString(5)+ "\t" +
rset.getInt(6)+ "\t" + rset.getInt(7)+ "\t" + rset.getInt(8));

}
con.close();
}catch(Exception e)
{
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}

Output –

Using Type4 JDBC Driver for Oracle oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver class need to

be loaded.

url has the following format :-

JDBC NOTES 20
JDBC NOTES 21
 In order to use Type 4 JDBC Driver for Oracle jar file containing implementation classes
of driver need to be available in the classpath.
ojdbcversionNo.jar
ojdbc14.jar
ojdbc10.jar
ojdbc15.jar
etc.
(See the figure below to figure out the whole process - )

JDBC NOTES 22
JDBC NOTES 23
JDBC NOTES 24
 Note : Each time we change database, we need to change URL in our program. So instead
of following that pattern we will modify the same program using properties file.

package JDBC;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class SelectTest2

{
public static void main(String[ ] args)
{
try
{
Connection con = ConnectionProvider.getConnection();
System.out.println("Connection object is of class:" +
con.getClass().getName());
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
System.out.println("Statement object is of class : " +
stmt.getClass().getName());
ResultSet rset = stmt.executeQuery("select * from emp");
System.out.println("Result set Object is of class : " +
rset.getClass().getName());
System.out.println("Folowing records are selected");
con.close();

JDBC NOTES 25
 }catch(Exception e)
{
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}

package JDBC;
import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.sql.*;

public class ConnectionProvider

{
public static Connection getConnection()
{
Connection con = null;
try
{
Properties p = new Properties();
p.load(new FileInputStream("db.properties"));
Class.forName(p.getProperty("driverClass"));
con = DriverManager.getConnection(p.getProperty("url"),
p.getProperty("user"),p.getProperty("password"));

}catch(Exception e)
{
System.out.println(e);
}
return con;
}
}

JDBC NOTES 26
 Dated: 24.07.10
 Problem : Whenever we change the Query, we need to compile the code again.
Solution is PreparedStatement

 PreparedStatement facilitates execution of parameterized queries.

prepareStatement ( ) method of Connection interface is used to create PreparedStatement object.

public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String QueryWithParameters) throws

SQLException;

Note: ? is used to denote parameters.

Example –
PreparedStatement stmt = con.prepareStatement(“select * from emp where job = ?”);

 Before executing a parameterized query using PreparedStatement, value of all the parameters
must be provided.
PreparedStatement interface provides methods for setting the value of parameters.

General signature of these methods is

public void setInt(int parameterIndex, int value) throws SQLException;
public void setString(int parameterIndex,String value) throws SQLException;
etc.

PreparedStatement interface overloads execute(), executeQuery() and executeUpdate() methods.

public ResultSet executeQuery() throws SQLException;
public int executeUpdate() throws SQLException;
public void execute() throws SQLException;
etc.

 Example Program(InsertTest.java)

JDBC NOTES 27
  Changes reflected in database after inserting 2 records.

 What is the difference between Statement and PreparedStatement?

o Execution of a SQL Query in the database is 4-step process.
 Query is parsed.

JDBC NOTES 28
  Query is compiled.
 Query is optimized.
 Query is executed.

o In case of Statement, all the four steps are performed each time query is executed
whereas in case of PreparedStatement first 3 steps are performed only once & only the
last step is performed each time query is executed i.e. PreparedStatement provides
better performance as compared to Statement if same query is to be executed multiple
times.

 Executing queries in batch

o Some type of queries can be collected in a batch for execution. Executing queries in
batch improve performance by reducing networking overhead.

o addBatch() method of Statement interface is used to add a query to a batch.

public void addBatch(String query); // Statement
public void addBatch( ); //PreparedStatement

o executeBatch() method of Statement interface is used to submit a batch for execution.

public void executeBatch( ) throws SQLException;

Note : select query is not executed in a batch.

 To improve the performance in the last program modification done as follows-

JDBC NOTES 29
 Transacting queries : A transaction is a set of logically related operations or
statement which represent a single task from end user perspective.
Transactions must be atomic i.e. if in a transaction n queries are involved then either all the n
queries must be executed or none of them should be executed.

Following program shows the need of transacting queries

TABLE BEFORE MAKING TRANSACTIONS WITH CONSTRAINT BALANCE>=5000

JDBC NOTES 30
import java.sql.*;
import java.io.*;
class TransferTest
{
public static void main(String arr[])
{
try
{
Connection con=ConenctionProvider.getConenction();
PreparedStatement stmt1=con.prepareStatement(“update account set balance=balance+? where
accno=?”);
PreparedStatement stmt2=con.prepareStatement(“update account set balance=balance-? where
accno=?”);
BufferedReader b=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
System.out.println(“Enter source A/c : ”);
int src=Integer.parseInt(b.readLine());
System.out.println(“Enter destination A/c : ”);
int trgt=Integer.parseInt(b.readLine());
System.out.println(“Insert Amount : ”);
int amt=Integer.parseInt(b.readLine());
stmt1.setInt(1,amt);
stmt1.setInt(2,trgt);
stmt1.executeUpdate();
stmt2.setInt(1,amt);
stmt2.setInt(2,trgt);
stmt2.executeUpdate();
con.close();
System.out.println(“Successfully transferred”);
}catch(Exception e) {System.out.println(e);}
}
}
}

WRONG RESULT AFTER EXECUTING TRANSACTION,CONSTRAINT NOT

FOLLOWED

JDBC NOTES 31
  Following steps are required for transacting queries :-
 Autocommit is to be disabled. By default query is automatically
commited after its successful excecution.
setAutoCommit():-Method of connection interface is used to change
auto commit status.
public void setAutoCommit(Boolean flag);
 Explicitly commit queries after completion of transactions
commit() method of connection interface is used for this purpose
public void commit() throws SQLException
 In case of transaction failure rollback successfully executed for
uncommitted queries
rollback() method of connection interface is used for this purpose
public void rollback() throws SQLException
import java.sql.*;
import java.io.*;
class TransferTest
{
public static void main(String arr[])
{
try
{
Connection con=ConenctionProvider.getConenction();
PreparedStatement stmt1=con.prepareStatement(“update account set balance=balance+? where
accno=?”);
PreparedStatement stmt2=con.prepareStatement(“update account set balance=balance-? where
accno=?”);
BufferedReader b=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
System.out.println(“Enter source A/c : ”);
int src=Integer.parseInt(b.readLine());
System.out.println(“Enter destination A/c : ”);
int trgt=Integer.parseInt(b.readLine());
System.out.println(“Insert Amount : ”);
int amt=Integer.parseInt(b.readLine());
con.setAutoCommit(false);
stmt1.setInt(1,amt);
stmt1.setInt(2,trgt);
stmt1.executeUpdate();
stmt2.setInt(1,amt);

JDBC NOTES 32
 stmt2.setInt(2,trgt);
stmt2.executeUpdate();
con.commit();
}catch(Exception e)
{
System.out.println(“Transation failes,rolling back”);
try
{
con.rollback();
System.out.println(“Successfully rolled back”);
}catch(Exception e)
{
System.out.println(“Can’t be rollback”);
}
}
}
}

 Following steps are required for transacting queries-

o Auto-commit behavior must be disabled. By default queries automatically committed
as soon as it is completed. In order to execute query as part of a transaction auto
committing must be disabled.

setAutoCommit( ) method of Connection interface is used to change the status of auto-

committing facility.
public void setAutoCommit (boolean flag) throws SQLException;

o Explicitly commit queries after all the queries of the transaction are successfully
completed.

commit( ) method of Connection interface is used for explicitly committing queries.

public void commit ( ) throws SQLException;

o If any query of the transaction fails Rollback partially completed transaction or

Rollback successfully executed queries.
rollback ( ) method of Connection interface is used for this purpose.
public void rollback ( ) throws SQLException;
o Applications which uses a database management systems for persisting data uses
either of the following models-
 Thick Client - In Thick Client model all the functionality of the
application is implemented as part of the client application i.e. DBMS
is used simply as a passive data storage.

JDBC NOTES 33
  Major advantage of this model is the portability i.e. database
can be changed without affecting application functionality.
 Major drawback of this model is performance degradation
because each data manipulation involves following 3 steps-
o Data is brought into the application from the
database.
o Business logic is applied.
o Manipulated data is persisted in the database.
 Round trip of data from the database to the application &
again from the application to the database degrades
performance.
 Thin Client – In Thin Client application, client contains only
presentation logic & persistence logic.
 Business logic is implemented as part of the database.

JDBC NOTES 34
 Dated: 25.07.10
 Difference between PL/SQL procedures & functions
PL/SQL function explicitly returns a value whereas PL/SQL procedure
doesn’t.
PL/SQL procedure uses “OUT” type parameters for returning values.
In PL/SQL, parameters can be of 3 types-
Parameter Type Purpose
IN Used to provide input to procedures and functions.
OUT Used to receive result from procedures.
IN OUT Used to provide input as well as receive output from
procedures.

JDBC NOTES 35
 Syntax of defining PL/SQL procedures:
create or replace procedure procedureName(ParameterName [IN, OUT
, IN OUT] DataType, ……..)
is
local variable declaration
begin
body of procedure
end;
Syntax of defining PL/SQL functions:
create or replace function functionName(Parameter IN DataType,
……..)
return ReturnType
is
local variable declaration
begin
body of function
end;
 Callable Statement is used to invoke procedures and functions.

Invoking a procedure & function from a Java Application requires following step-
1. CallableStatement object is created.
prepareCall() method of Connection interface is used to obtain a
CallableStatement object.

public CallableStatement prepareCall (String CallableString) throws

SQLException;

JDBC NOTES 36
 2. Value of all IN type parameters is set.
setter methods exposed by PreparedStatement interface is used for setting
the value of IN type parameters.
3. Type of value expected from each OUT type parameter is specified.
registerOutParameter() method of CallableStatement interface is used to
specify the type of OUT parameters.
public void registerOutParameter(int index, int type) throws SQLException;
java.sql.Types class defines static final int constants which are used to
specify type
Example –
Types.INTEGER
Types.VARCHAR
Types.BYTE
etc.
4. Execute the procedure or function.
execute() method is used for this purpose.
5. Read the value of OUT type parameters.
CallableStatement interface provides various methods to read the value of
OUT type parameters.
 General signature of these methods
public Type getType (int parameterIndex) throws SQLException;
o Actual Methods
public int getInt (int parameterIndex) throws SQLException;
public String getString(int parameterIndex) throws SQLException;
public Date getDate(int parameterIndex) throws SQLException;
etc.
 Example-
We want to give ID as input, and want to get Name from emp table.
select ename into n from emp where empId=id;

JDBC NOTES 37
JDBC NOTES 38
 package JDBC;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.sql.CallableStatement;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.Types;

class ProcTest
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
try
{
Connection con = ConnectionProvider.getConnection();
CallableStatement stmt = con.prepareCall("{call getName(?, ?)}");
BufferedReader b = new BufferedReader(new
InputStreamReader(System.in));
System.out.println("Enter Id : ");
int id = Integer.parseInt(b.readLine());
stmt.setInt(1, id);
stmt.registerOutParameter(2, Types.VARCHAR);
stmt.execute();
System.out.println("Name is : " + stmt.getString(2));
con.close();
}catch(Exception e)
{
System.out.println(e);
}

JDBC NOTES 39
 }
}


package JDBC;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.sql.CallableStatement;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.Types;

class FuncTest
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
try
{
Connection con = ConnectionProvider.getConnection();
CallableStatement stmt = con.prepareCall("{?= call
getJob(?)}");
BufferedReader b = new BufferedReader(new
InputStreamReader(System.in));
System.out.println("Enter Id : ");
int id = Integer.parseInt(b.readLine());
stmt.setInt(2, id);
stmt.registerOutParameter(1, Types.VARCHAR);
stmt.execute();
System.out.println("Job is : " + stmt.getString(1));
con.close();
}catch(Exception e)
{
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}

 Creating a SQL file (myproc.sql)

create or replace procedure getDetails(id IN NUMBER, n OUT VARCHAR2,
j OUT VARCHAR2 , s OUT NUMBER)
is
begin
select name, job, salary into n, j, s from emp where empId = id;
end;

PROGRAM
package JDBC;

import java.io.BufferedReader;

JDBC NOTES 40
 import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.sql.CallableStatement;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.sql.Types;

class ProcCreator
{
public static void main(String[ ] args)
{
try
{
Connection con = ConnectionProvider.getConnection();
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
FileInputStream f = new FileInputStream(args[0]);
byte a[ ] = new Byte[f.available( )];
f.read(a);
stmt.execute(new String(a));
con.close();
System.out.println("Successfully created.");

}catch(Exception e)
{
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}

}
 ResultSetMetaData provides methods for obtaining information about the
result contained in a ResultSet.
getMetaData() method of ResultSet interface is used to obtain a
ResultSetMetaData object.

public ResultSetMetaData getMetaData();

Commonly used methods of ResultSetMetaData interface –

o getColumnCount() method returns number of columns in the ResultSet.

public int getColumnCount();

o getColumnName() method returns the name of the specified column.

public String getColumnName(int ColumnIndex);

o getColumnTypeName() method returns the name of the datatype of the

specified column.

JDBC NOTES 41
 public String getColumnTypeCount(int index);

o getTableName() method returns table name for the specified column.

public String getTableName(int index);

o etc.

 Define a class name Selector that receives a Table name as command-line argument &
displays its record along with column header.

package JDBC;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.sql.CallableStatement;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.sql.Types;

class Selector
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
try
{
Connection con =
ConnectionProvider.getConnection();
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
String query = "select * from " + args[0];
ResultSetrset =stmt.executeQuery(query);
ResultSetMetaData rmd =rset.getMetaData();
int c = rmd.getColumnCount();
for(inti=1; i<c; i++)
System.out.println(rmd.getColumnName(i)+"\
t");
while(rset.next())
{
System.out.println();
for(inti=1; i<=c; i++)
System.out.println(rset.getString(i)+"\
t");
}
con.close();
}catch(Exception e)
{
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}
OUTPUT-

JDBC NOTES 42
  DatabaseMetaData interface provides methods for obtaining information about
the database.

getMetaData() method of Connection interface is used to obtain a

DatabaseMetaData object.
public DatabaseMetaData getMetaData();

o Commonly used methods of DatabaseMetaData interface

 getDatabaseLProductName() method returns the name of the
RDBMS package.

public String getDatabaseProductName();

 getDriverName() method returns the details of the driver.

public String getDriverName();

 getTables() method is used to fetch the details of tables.

public ResultSet getTables(String catalog, String schema, String

pattern, String[] criteria) throws SQLException

This method returns a ResultSet in which 3rd field of

records contains table name.

JDBC NOTES 43
 This method receives 4 parameters, out of which first 3
are optional.

Last parameter specifies the criterion that is used to

identify MetaData table on which select queries executed.
To fetch the details of data table, criteria must be TABLE.

Second Last parameter specifies the pattern that is used to

filter records returned by the select query.

Second parameter is used to specify the schema. Schema

represents user and database objects and privileges
owned by the user.

JDBC NOTES 44
 First parameter represents group of schemas.

package JDBC;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DatabaseMetaData;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;

class DmdTest
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
try
{
Connection con =
ConnectionProvider.getConnection(
);
DatabaseMetaData dmd
=con.getMetaData();
System.out.println("RDBMS Package
is : " +
dmd.getDatabaseProductName());
System.out.println("Driver is : "
+
dmd.getDriverName());
System.out.println("Tables of
system user whose name starts
with A....");
ResultSetrset =
dmd.getTables(null, "SYSTEM",
"S%", new String[]{"TABLE"});
while(rset.next())
{

System.out.println(rset.getString(3)+"\t");
}
con.close();

}catch(Exception e)

JDBC NOTES 45
 {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}
OUTPUT-

JDBC NOTES 46