GLOSSARY

OF
BASIC SAP
TERMS
A Quick Reference Guide to
SAP Terminology

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REFERENCE GLOSSARY OF BASIC SAP TERMS
MATERIALS

Term Definition

ABAP Advanced Business Application Programming - a programming language

used for developing SAP applications

Business Process A series of connected activities that a business performs to achieve

a specific goal

Client An independent environment where a particular set of data is

stored and processed within an SAP system

Customizing The process of adapting the SAP system to meet specific

business requirements

Data Dictionary A repository of metadata that defines the structure and semantics
of data in the SAP system

ERP Enterprise Resource Planning - a software solution that helps

manage business processes and resources

Fiori A user experience platform that provides a set of applications that

run on any device

HANA High-Performance Analytic Appliance - a database management

system used by SAP to process large volumes of data in real-time

Infotype A group of related data fields that store information about a specific
topic, such as employee information or organizational structure

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REFERENCE GLOSSARY OF BASIC SAP TERMS
MATERIALS

Integration The process of combining different systems, processes, and data into
a unified system

LSMW Legacy System Migration Workbench - a tool used to transfer data

from legacy systems to SAP

Master Data Data that remains relatively stable and is used to support the
operation of the organization

Module A functional area of the SAP system that corresponds to a

specific business process

NetWeaver A technology platform that provides the foundation for all SAP
applications and enables integration with third-party systems

OData
Open Data Protocol - a web protocol used for exchanging data

Organizational Unit A group of related employees, positions, or departments that

share common attributes in the SAP system

Process Chain A sequence of tasks that are executed in a specific order to

accomplish a particular goal

Query A predefined set of data that can be extracted from the SAP system

RFC Remote Function Call - a protocol used by SAP to exchange data

with other systems

SAPGUI SAP Graphical User Interface - a software component that provides

a user interface to access SAP applications

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REFERENCE GLOSSARY OF BASIC SAP TERMS
MATERIALS

T-Code A transaction code that allows users to navigate to a specific screen

or transaction in the SAP system

User Exit A programming mechanism used to enhance the functionality of SAP

applications

Variant A saved set of input parameters for a particular report or transaction

in the SAP system

Workflow A series of tasks that are performed in a specific order to complete a

business process in the SAP system

XI/PI Exchange Infrastructure/Process Integration - a middleware component

used to integrate SAP systems with other applications and systems

ABAP Workbench A development environment used to create, modify, and maintain

ABAP programs

Authorization A set of rules that determines which users have access to

specific transactions, reports, or functions in the SAP system

BAPI Business Application Programming Interface - a set of interfaces

that provide access to SAP functions and data

CDS Views Core Data Services Views - a feature of SAP HANA that allows
developers to define and consume data models
A document that confirms the delivery of goods or services to a
Delivery Document
customer

EHP Enhancement Package - a set of new features and functionality that

can be installed in an SAP system

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REFERENCE GLOSSARY OF BASIC SAP TERMS
MATERIALS

Fiori Launchpad A web-based interface that provides access to SAP Fiori apps

A component of the SAP system that enables communication

Gateway
between SAP and non-SAP systems

Human Capital Management - a module of the SAP system used

HCM
to manage employee data

International Demonstration and Education System - a

IDES
preconfigured SAP system used for training and testing purposes

Java Connector - a component that allows Java applications

JCO
to communicate with SAP systems

The process of transferring data from one system to another during

Data migration
a software implementation

Dialog program A program used to create user interfaces for SAP applications

Extract, The process of extracting data from multiple sources, transforming it

Transform, Load to fit the target system, and loading it into the new system
(ETL)

A collection of web applications designed to simplify common

Fiori
SAP business functions

A software component that enables communication between

Gateway
SAP systems and non-SAP systems

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REFERENCE GLOSSARY OF BASIC SAP TERMS
MATERIALS

InfoCube A data storage unit in the SAP Business Warehouse system

Key
Quantifiable measures used to evaluate the success or progress of
performance
a business process
indicators (KPIs)

A system that is outdated or no longer in use, but may still

Legacy system
contain valuable data

Data that remains unchanged over time and is used as a reference

Master data
for transactional data

Non-
A system that is used for testing, training, and development
Production
purposes
Environment
Object Oriented
A programming technique that organizes software into objects
Programming
with defined properties and methods
(OOP)

Production
The live, operational system used for day-to-day business transactions
Environment

Quality The process of ensuring that software meets quality standards

assurance (QA) and requirements before deployment

Remote Function A protocol used to enable communication between different

Call (RFC) SAP systems

SAP Business A data warehousing and reporting system used to store and
Warehouse (BW) analyze large amounts of data

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REFERENCE GLOSSARY OF BASIC SAP TERMS
MATERIALS

An in-memory, column-oriented, relational database management

SAP HANA
system used to store and process large amounts of data in real-time

An intelligent ERP system that provides real-time business insights

SAP S/4HANA
and integrates with SAP and non-SAP systems

Service-oriented A software design pattern that structures software as a set of

architecture (SOA) services that can be accessed and reused by other software systems

User
A testing phase where end-users test the system to ensure that it
acceptance
meets their business requirements
testing (UAT)

An integrated development environment (IDE) used to develop

Workbench
and modify SAP applications

A set of data that remains static and unchanging, such as

Master Data
customers, vendors, and materials.

A set of data that is constantly changing, such as sales orders,

Transaction Data
purchase orders, and invoices.

An in-memory, column-oriented, relational database management

SAP HANA
system developed and marketed by SAP SE.

An intelligent, integrated ERP system that runs on the SAP HANA

SAP S/4HANA in-memory database, providing real-time insights and agility to
businesses.

A collection of apps that represents the new user experience (UX) for
SAP Fiori
SAP software.

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REFERENCE GLOSSARY OF BASIC SAP TERMS
MATERIALS

An integrated technology platform for SAP software, providing

SAP NetWeaver
the technical foundation for many SAP applications.

An enterprise data warehousing solution that runs on SAP

SAP BW/4HANA
HANA, providing real-time insights and analytics to businesses.

Material Management module in SAP that manages procurement

SAP MM
activities, inventory management, and invoice verification.

Sales and Distribution module in SAP that manages sales

SAP SD
activities, pricing, and billing.

Financial Accounting module in SAP that manages financial

SAP FI
transactions, general ledger, and accounts payable and receivable.

Controlling module in SAP that manages cost accounting and

SAP CO
profitability analysis.

Production Planning module in SAP that manages manufacturing

SAP PP activities, including production scheduling, capacity planning, and
material requirements planning.

Quality Management module in SAP that manages quality control

SAP QM
and quality assurance activities.

Plant Maintenance module in SAP that manages equipment

SAP PM
maintenance, preventive maintenance, and work orders.

Project System module in SAP that manages project planning,

SAP PS
budgeting, and execution.

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REFERENCE GLOSSARY OF BASIC SAP TERMS
MATERIALS

Human Resources module in SAP that manages personnel

SAP HR
administration, payroll, and time management.

Customer Relationship Management module in SAP that

SAP CRM
manages customer interactions, marketing, and sales.

Supply Chain Management module in SAP that manages supply

SAP SCM
chain planning, execution, and collaboration.

Supplier Relationship Management module in SAP that

SAP SRM
manages supplier relationships, procurement, and sourcing.

Extended Warehouse Management module in SAP that manages

SAP EWM warehouse activities, including inventory management, order
fulfillment, and shipping.

Master Data Governance module in SAP that manages master

SAP MDG
data creation, maintenance, and governance.

Governance, Risk, and Compliance module in SAP that

SAP GRC
manages compliance with legal and regulatory requirements.

A central platform for managing SAP systems and applications

SAP
throughout their lifecycle, providing support for project
Solution
management, testing, and documentation.
Manager

A business management software designed for small and medium-sized

SAP Business One enterprises, providing features for financial management, inventory
tracking, and customer relationship management.

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A cloud-based procurement platform that streamlines the procurement

SAP Ariba process, providing features for supplier management, contract
management, and sourcing.

A cloud-based human capital management system that manages

SAP SuccessFactors
employee data, payroll, and performance management.

A cloud-based travel and expense management solution that

SAP Concur
simplifies expense reporting and approval processes.

An e-commerce platform that provides features for online

SAP Hybris
sales, marketing, and customer service.

A data visualization software that provides interactive dashboards

SAP Lumira
and reports for data analysis.

SAP
A suite of business intelligence
BusinessObjects

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