IFA 1 2022

IURI 377

Part 1 of 1

Question 1 of 20

"Did you check the valve on the day of the accident? "

"I did."

"And was it working properly? "

"Yes."

"Did anyone else check it on that day? "

"Not as far as I know. "

"Would it not have been more prudent if someone else had also checked the valve on the day
of the accident? "

The last question is an example of which type of question?

 A.

An example of a probing assumptions question

 B.

An example of a question that probes for rationale

 C.

An example of attacking the position question

 D.

An example of a concept clarification question

Answer Key: C
Question 2 of 20
What follows is a fill in the blank question with 1 blanks.

Complete the sentence by filling in the missing word:

In cross-examination you can establish facts or confirm facts.

Answer Key: confirm

Question 3 of 20

"Did you question the Plaintiff about the incident? "

"I did."

"And did he deny this?"

"Yes, he denied having any knowledge of the incident. "

"Why do you think he did this? "

"I don't know. "

"And what would have happened if he did admit knowledge of the incident? "

Which two types of questions do we find in the example above ? Choose an option from the
ones provided.

 A.

Probing for reasons and attacking the position.

 B.

Probing for assumptions and concept clarification questions

  C.

Probing for reasons and concept clarification questions

 D.

Probing for reasons and probing for consequences

Answer Key: D

Question 4 of 20
"Please explain to us why you chose not to return the Respondent's call. " This is an example
of a :

 A. Open-ended question with a set answer

 B. A leading open-ended question

 C. Open-ended question

 D. Open-ended rhetorical question

Answer Key: C

Question 5 of 20

“Why did you decide to enter the intersection when you did?"

“I thought that it was safe to do so.”

“So you supposed it was safe to enter the intersection when you did?"

In the example above we find examples of which of the following questions:

 A.
 An attacking the position question and a probing reasons question

 B.

A probing assumptions question and an example of a question about a question

 C.

A probing assumptions question and a probing reasons question

 D.

A concept clarification question and probing assumptions question

Answer Key: C

Question 6 of 20
You are the presiding officer in a matter. The matter involves an application for eviction.
The Applicant is asking the court to evict the Respondent from the premises that the
Applicant owns which is currently being rented and occupied by the Respondent. Which
option (from the ones provided) will cover the relevant issues that the court will have to
decide, the best. Use some legal reasoning and FIRAC to arrive at your answer.

 A. Ownership of the premises and if the Applicant is entitled to evict the

Respondent.

 B. If the court has jurisdiction in this matter.

 C. Ownership of the premises and if the Applicant wants to evict the Respondent.

 D. Ownership of the premises and the validity of the rental agreement.

Answer Key: A

Question 7 of 20
FIRAC stands for :

 A.

Facts

Issues

Rules

Application

Conclusion

 B.

Facts

Ideas

Rules

Application

Conclusion

 C.

Facts

Issues

Rules

Additions

Conclusion

 D.
 Facts

Issues

Reasons

Application

Conclusion

Answer Key: A
Question 8 of 20
In the Exxaro Coal (Pty) Ltd vs Chipana and Others case the LAC specifically had an issue
with :

 A. The Commissioner's avoidance of dealing with hearsay evidence in the

matter.

 B. The Commissioner's mental state of mind during the hearing.

 C. The fact that the Commissioner addressed the admission of hearsay evidence.

 D. The timing of the Commissioner's address regarding the issue of the

admission of hearsay evidence.

Answer Key: D

Question 9 of 20
" Is it not possible that the agreement could have been amended without your knowledge?"
This is an example of which of the following type of questions ?

 A. Probing rationale

 B. Probing reasons

 C. Concept clarification question

 D. Attacking the position

Answer Key: D

Question 10 of 20

Choose the most correct answer from the options that have been supplied.

The main purpose of re-examination (redirect) is to :

 A.

attack the position of the opposition

 B.

repair damage and clarify something that has already been discussed during your
direct examination

 C.

repair damage and clarify something that has already been discussed during your
direct examination and does not allow you to address new issues or evidence

 D.

repair damage and to make a point

Answer Key: C

Question 11 of 20

Indicate if the following statement is TRUE or FALSE.

When Exxaro took the matter between them and Chipana to the Labour Court (LC) , the
latter foccussed on why the Commissioner did not further investigate the claim by Exxaro
that they could not call witnesses to collaborate the hearsay evidence since these witnesses
were subject to intimidation.
 True
False

Answer Key: True

Question 12 of 20

In this matter a previous court found in favour of the Defendant and agreed with the
Defendant that hearsay evidence was admissible in the matter. The Plaintiff obviously
disagreed, but the court didn't find in her favour. So now the Plaintiff has appealed to a
higher court (which makes her the Applicant in this higher court and the Defendant the
Respondent). She is again insisting that the hearsay evidence is not admissible and that the
previous court erred in its judgment. Here are the two main arguments of the Applicant:

"The court erred in admitting hearsay evidence in this matter since Section 3 of the LEAA
clearly indicates hearsay evidence is not allowed in criminal and civil matters. Alternatively,
even if the court could consider it, it should not have admitted it since the admission of
hearsay evidence in this matter does not qualify for the exceptions listed in Section 3 (1) of
the LEAA. "

You are acting on behalf of the Respondent . Decide which one of the examples of rebuttal
that have been provided will be the most effective one.

 A.

The Applicant errs in her reasoning since Section 3 of the LEAA makes it abundantly
clear that hearsay evidence can be admitted if it qualifies for one of the exceptions as
listed in the said section. Secondly , in the Exarro Coal vs Chipana and others ,
decided by the LAC, the court made it clear a presiding officer should when applying
section 3(1)(c) of the LEAA , be very careful to ensure that fairness is not
compromised in the process. This is indeed what the presiding officer did. The latter
clearly indicated that the admission of hearsay evidence in this matter would be
acceptable.

 B.

The Applicant errs in her reasoning since Section 3 of the LEAA makes it abundantly
clear that hearsay evidence can be admitted if it qualifies for one of the exceptions as
listed in the said section. Secondly , in the Exarro Coal vs Chipana and
others , decided by the LAC, the court made it clear a presiding officer should when
applying section 3(1)(c) of the LEAA be very careful to ensure that fairness is not
compromised in the process. The presiding officer in this matter adhered to this, and
decided that it would be in the interest of justice to admit hearsay evidence in this
 matter which is one of the exceptions listed in Section 3(1) of the LEAA.

 C.

On the first point The Applicant errs in her reasoning since Section 3 of the LEAA
clearly states that hearsay evidence can be admitted if it qualifies for one of the
exceptions as pointed out by the section 3(1)(c) of the LEAA.

 D.

The Applicant errs in her reasoning since Section 3 of the LEAA makes it abundantly
clear that hearsay evidence can be admitted if it qualifies for one of the exceptions as
listed in the said section. Secondly , in this matter the admission of hearsay evidence
is allowed since it qualifies for one of the exceptions as listed in the Act.

Answer Key: B

Question 13 of 20

What follows is a fill in the blank question with 1 blanks.

Complete the sentence by filling in the blank.

In direct examination the witness' version is put forward and leading questions should be
avoided.

Answer Key: leading

Question 14 of 20

"Did you hit the accused? "

"I did."

"What made you do this? "

This is an example of which of the following type of questions

  A.

probing for reasons

 B.

probing for rationale

 C.

probing for evidence

 D.

probing for assumptions

Answer Key: B

Question 15 of 20

Indicate if the following statement is TRUE or FALSE.

In Exxaro v Chipana the LAC complimented the commissioner with his active approach
in dealing with the admission of hearsay evidence.

True
False

Answer Key: False

Question 16 of 20

Indicate if the following statement is TRUE or FALSE.

"Explain to us how the system manages to pick up any errors."

This is an example of a concept clarification question.

True
False

Answer Key: True

Question 17 of 20

"Did you question the Plaintiff about the incident? "

"I did."

"And did he deny this?"

"Yes, he denied having any knowledge about the incident. "

"Why do you think he did this? "

"I don't know. "

"And what would have happened if he did admit knowledge about the incident? "

Which two types of questions do we find in the example above ? Choose an option from the
ones provided.

 A.

A probing reasons question and an attacking the position question

 B.

An attacking the position question and a concept clarification question

  C.

A probing consequences question and a probing reasons question

 D.

A example of a question about a question and a concept clarification question

Answer Key: C

Question 18 of 20

On 24 April 2008 the Plaintiff (P) and the Defendant (D) entered into an agreement. The (P)
would supply the (D) with oxygen tanks and the (D) would pay for these. The parties did
business for close to two years without any issues. Then on 10 April 2010 the (D) failed to
pay for a shipment of oxygen tanks. The (P) instituted legal proceedings on 12 June 2010.
The (D) indicated on 22 June 2010 that he would defend the matter. On 27 June 2013 the
(P) took the next step in the legal process.

This legal issues at stake here are :

 A.

Breach of contract and prescription of a civil claim

 B.

breach of contract

 C.

Breach of contract and prescription of a criminal claim

  D.

Breach of prescription and a civil claim

Answer Key: A

Question 19 of 20

Cross-examination is limited to :

 A.

The scope of the cross-examination.

 B.

The scope of the direct examination and it is also very important in testing
credibility.

 C.

None of the above.

 D.

The scope of the direct examination and everything beyond that.

Answer Key: B

Question 20 of 20

In Exxaro v Chipana what was Exxaro's main argument in opposition of the award made by
the commissioner?
  A.

Chipana was guilty of misconduct.

 B.

The Commissioner had not applied his mind as he should have when it came to the
admission of hearsay evidence.

 C.

The Commissioner had not applied his mind as he should have when it came to the
calling of witnesses.

 D.

The Commissioner had not applied his mind as he should have when it came to the
aspects of procedure.

IFA 2 APRIL 2022

Part 1 of 1

Question 1 of 20

Choose the most correct and complete answer of the ones provided:

Section 35(3)(k) of the Constitution specifically allows the accused the following:

 A.

to be tried in a language that the accused person understands or, if that is not
practicable, to have the proceedings interpreted in that language;

Which means that if a French citizen insists that the trial be conducted in French, the
 court must adhere to this.

 B.

to be tried in a language that the accused person understands

Which means the trial must be conducted in English or Afrikaans.

 C.

to be tried in a language that the accused person chooses or, if that is not
practicable, to have the proceedings interpreted in that language;

Which means that if an accused does not understand English well enough, the trial
can be conducted in English, as long as he or she is afforded an interpreter that
interprets the proceedings into a language that the accused does understand .

 D.

to be tried in a language that the accused person understands or, if that is not
practicable, to have the proceedings interpreted in that language;

Which means that if an accused does not have a translator and he or she is found
guilty , the judgment will automatically be overturned.

Answer Key: C

Question 2 of 20
People’s varied religious or spiritual beliefs can also lead to conflict, injustices in South
African courts and cross-cultural barriers. However, Section 35 (3) (k) of the constitution
indicate that every individual has the right to fair trial, including the right to be tried in a
language that the accused understands or to have the proceedings interpreted in that
language. Thus:

 A. Interpreters should be culturally diverse, be conscious of the stereotypes they

may have and try to consciously overwrite them.

 B. Competent interpreters should be trained to openly learn about the client’s

general outlook and value the client’s position.
  C. a and c

 D. Interpreters are forced to embrace the cultural diversity.

Answer Key: C

Question 3 of 20
What follows is a fill in the blank question with 1 blanks.

Complete the sentence by filling in the blank:(one word)

Lourens claims that there is a social contract that was established amongst the citizens of
South Africa when it comes to language rights at the advent of the Constitution.

Answer Key: contract

Question 4 of 20

In Lourens v Speaker of the National Assembly of Parliament and Others (20827/2014)

[2016] ZASCA 11; [2016] 2 All SA 340 (SCA) (10 March 2016) some of the reasons the
court offered for the dismissal of the appeal lodged by Lourens were:

 A.

the Minister has the function to translate legislation in all 11 official languages that
Lourens claims he has ;

the Constitution only requires that the acts of government to be translated and
published in two official languages

 B.

the Minister does not have the obligation to translate legislation in all 11 official
languages that Lourens claims he has ;

the Use of Official Languages Act only requires that legislation be translated and
published in two official languages
  C.

the Minister does not have the obligation to translate legislation in all 11 official
languages that Lourens claims he has ;

the Use of Official Languages Act places a direct duty on the National Government
to translate and publish legislation in three official languages

 D.

the Minister does not have the obligation to translate legislation into all 11 official
languages that Lourens claims he has ;

the Use of Official Languages Act indirectly places an obligation on the National
Government to translate legislation in three official languages.

Answer Key: D

Question 5 of 20

You are the presiding officer in a criminal matter. The accused, a French citizen, requests
that the trial be conducted in a language that he or she understands . What would your next
step be?

 A.

You will do a test to determine if the accused understands English or any of the other
official languages which are listed in Section 6 of the Constitution well enough for
the trial to continue and to be considered a fair trial.

 B.

You will postpone the matter while instructing the state to provide the accused in this
matter with an interpreter that understands French.

 C.

You will postpone the matter

  D.

You will deny the accused his or her request.

Answer Key: A

Question 6 of 20

S v Pienaar 2000 (2) SACR 143 it is argued that to promote English at the expense of other
official languages is :

 A.

in contravention of the constitutional directive to ensure parity of esteem among all

official languages

 B.

in accordance of the constitutional directive to ensure parity of esteem among some

official languages

 C.

in contravention of the constitutional directive to ensure parity of esteem among all

languages

 D.

in contravention of the constitutional directive to ensure disparity of esteem among

all official languages

Answer Key: A

Question 7 of 20
Cultural diversity can make communication difficult, especially in the workplace, where a
misunderstanding and miscommunication can cause problems. Workplaces such as in the
courtroom where people from different cultures work together, several factors can become
barriers to what we call justice. Within the courtroom, cultural difference which result in
behavioral and personality difference such as body language, gestures, mind-sets, manners
and norms may lead to miscommunication which will eventually cause…

 A. Incorrect rendition and conveying of statements/message meaning.

 B. Misinterpretation and affect courtroom testimonies, as a result of assumptions.

 C. (a and b)

 D. Intercultural communication competence.

Answer Key: C

Question 8 of 20
What follows is a fill in the blank question with 1 blanks.

Complete this quote (one word) from the Beaulac case as stated by The Supreme Court of
Canada per judge Bastarache :

"the language choice of an accused is a substantive right and not a procedural one that can
be interfered with"

Answer Key: substantive

Question 9 of 20

The following aspect played an important role in S v Matomela :

 A.

practicality

 B.

decision-making
  C.

historic context

 D.

emotions

Answer Key: A

Question 10 of 20

According to Namakula (2019: 231) :

Choose the most correct option of the ones that have been supplied.

 A.

"The courts as the experts of experts are also faced with the task of determining the
accuracy of interpretation"

 B.

"The courts as the experts of experts are also faced with the task of determining the
willingness of interpretation"

 C.

"The courts as the experts of experts are also faced with the task of determining the
extent of interpretation"

 D.

"The courts as the experts of experts are also faced with the task of determining the
 quality of interpretation"

Answer Key: A

Question 11 of 20
What is the best definition of ideal culture?

 A. The practice of judging a culture from the viewpoint of one's own culture.

 B. The values and norms actually followed by a culture.

 C. The values and norms a culture claims to have.

 D. The tendency to assume one's own culture is the best.

Answer Key: D

Question 12 of 20
Both translators and Interpreters ought to understand the underlying meaning of certain
words in different context. This can be achieved when cultural diversity is embraced. From
the following select the correct statement/s concerning the possible outcomes of embracing
cultural diversity:

 A. A greater understanding of other languages and culture from the accused

perspective.

 B. The increased ability to solve problems and resolve cross-cultural

misunderstandings.

 C. An increase in awareness and “world-mindedness”

 D. All of the above

Answer Key: D
Question 13 of 20

In S v Siyotula (CA247/2001) (2002) ZAECHC 9 (24 April 2002) is was stressed that
translation should be:

 A.

evaluative

 B.

consistent

 C.

direct

 D.

intermittent

Answer Key: B

Question 14 of 20

A competent interpreter is described as one who is able to give :

 A.

a true and sufficient interpretation of the evidence

 B.

a personal and correct interpretation of the evidence

  C.

a true and adequate interpretation of the evidence

 D.

a true and correct interpretation of the evidence

Answer Key: D

Question 15 of 20
3. Every culture has its own set of tacit assumptions and tendencies when it comes to face to
face interactions and trying to get to the point across effectively can sometimes be difficult.
People interacting with those from different cultures may have difficulties in
communication. Therefore, it is crucial for court interpreters to be thoroughly trained to have
the ability to communicate, interpret and deal across cultures. Both language and culture are
dynamic and ever changing, thus to avoid incompetency in court:

 A. All of the above

 B. It is important for court interpreters to keep up with the latest changes in usage
by the specialised groups which they interpret.

 C. An interpreter may prepare him/herself using preliminary notes.

 D. Standards court proceedings can be performed a bilingual and multilingual

individual as an interpreter.

Answer Key: B

Question 16 of 20
People from other cultures are not always going to take ones’ body language or other non-
verbal communication in the way you mean them. What one may think its harmless may be
offensive or confusing to the other and the same can go for the language one use. For an
effective cross-cultural communication, etiquette need to be maintained. To ovoid
misinterpreting etiquette:
  A. All of the above.

 B. Interpreters and translators should do research on the target culture and have
cross cultural training.

 C. Both Interpreters and translators should take linguistic and cultural differences
into account.

 D. Follow the practice of active listening as a strategy to improve cross-cultural

communication.

Answer Key: A

Question 17 of 20
What follows is a fill in the blank question with 1 blanks.

Complete the quote (one word) from the Namakula article ("When the tongue ties") by
filling in the blank:

"Determining whether an interpreter is fairly and accurately interpreting what another

person says requires proficiency in both the source and target languages on the side of
the adjudicator."

Answer Key: target

Question 18 of 20

Choose the most correct answer from the ones provided:

In the SCA case Lourens v Speaker of the National Assembly of Parliament and Others
(20827/2014) [2016] ZASCA 11; [2016] 2 All SA 340 (SCA) (10 March 2016) Lourens
requested the court to :

 A.

order Parliament and the Minister to take steps to comply with their obligation to
publish all national legislation in all 11 official languages
  B.

order Parliament and the Minister to take steps to comply with their obligation to
publish all national legislation in all 11 official languages within a reasonable period.

 C.

order Parliament and the Minister to take steps to comply with their obligation to
publish all national legislation in at least 3 of the 11 official languages within a
reasonable period.

 D.

order Parliament and the Minister to take steps to comply with their obligation to
publish all provincial legislation in all 11 official languages within a reasonable
period.

Answer Key: B

Question 19 of 20
If an interpreter is not fully aware of the exact meaning of a specific word, it may be
misunderstood or misinterpreted by the judge, thus, it is considered the most crucial barrier
in cross-cultural communication. The following are concerning the specific problems related
to language difficulties in cross-cultural communication except:

 A. Communication

 B. Word connotations

 C. Differences of perception

 D. Semantics

Answer Key: A

Question 20 of 20
What follows is a fill in the blank question with 1 blanks.
Complete the statement by filling in the missing word (one word):

S v Matomela, a case involving the issue of language rights, went on automatic review.

Answer Key: automatic

IFA3 2022

Part 1 of 1

Question 1 of 20

Select the essential competence (s) required of a translator:

 A. Linguistic and cultural competence both on the source and the target side.

 B. text reception and analysis.

 C. Research competence

 D. All of the above.

Answer Key: D

Question 2 of 20

Identify whether the text below is an instance of circumlocution or dichotomy: In his testimony
before Congress, soccer legend Itumeleng Khune was repeatedly asked whether he used
performance-enhancing drugs (i.e. steroids) during his career as goalkeeper. Instead of answering
the questions, Khune explained that “I’m not here to talk about the past.” This allows him to avoid
answering the question one way or another.

 A. Dichotomy

 B. Circumlocution

Answer Key: B

Question 3 of 20

Linguistic determinism is related to:

  A. Cloak theories

 B. Linguistic determinism

 C. None of the options

 D. Mould theories

Answer Key: A

Question 4 of 20

With certain conditions concluded as ‘equal’, from the following, who brings the most value in any
setting (Legal, Medical, Media etc.)?

 A. An experienced Interpreter.

 B. An interpreter who has professional education (such as a Master's Degree in

language)

 C. A certified Interpreter

 D. All of the above

Answer Key: C

Question 5 of 20

"Did you hit the accused? "

"I did."

"What made you do this? "

This is an example of which of the following type of questions :

 A.

probing for assumptions

 B.

probing for rationale

 C.

probing for reasons

  D.

probing for evidence

Answer Key: B

Question 6 of 20

In essence, what does a “Whorfian problem” refer to?

 A. Different perceptions in meaning = Different cultures

 B. Different cultures = different perceptions in meaning.

 C. Mistranslation = misinterpretation

 D. Misinterpretation = mistranslation

Answer Key: B

Question 7 of 20

Use your legal reasoning skills to answer the following question: Your client was involved in a motor
vehicle accident. The driver of the other vehicle is an employee of Trucks for Africa (Pty) Ltd and he
was on duty while the accident occurred. Your client wants to know if he can sue Trucks for Africa
(Pty) Ltd for damages. Choose the most correct response from the ones provided:

 A. You tell your client he can sue Trucks for Africa (Pty) Ltd since the driver of the other
vehicle was on duty when he was involved in the accident.

 B. You tell your client he can sue Trucks for Africa (Pty) Ltd since the driver of the other
vehicle is an employee of Trucks for Africa (Pty) Ltd.

 C. You tell your client he can sue Trucks for Africa (Pty) Ltd since the driver of the other
vehicle was negligent.

 D. You tell your client he can sue Trucks for Africa (Pty) Ltd if the driver of the other
vehicle was acting within the scope and nature of his employment when the accident
occurred

Answer Key: D

Question 8 of 20

A court interpreter's role include:

  A. Acting as an advocate.

 B. Remain neutral.

 C. Being able to give their view.

 D. Asking /answering questions for clarity.

Answer Key: B

Question 9 of 20

In interpretation, the awareness of aspects such as repetition, self-correction, fragmented

statements, shades of meanings only apply in South African context.

True

False

Answer Key: False

Question 10 of 20

The features of the consecutive interpreting are: occurs in real time

 A. The interpreter waits until the speaker has finished the SL message before rendering
the message into the TL.

 B. Most efficient at meetings and presentations with a large audience

 C. The duration of the SL may be anywhere from a few seconds to several minutes
depending on the setting.

 D. Is a mode of interpreting in which the speaker makes a speech and the interpreter
reformulates the speech into a language his audience understands at the same time.

Answer Key: A, B, C

Question 11 of 20

In S v Siyotula (CA247/2001) (2002) ZAECHC 9 (24 April 2002) is was stressed that translation should
be:

 A.
consistent

 B.

evaluative

 C.

intermittent

 D.

direct

Answer Key: A

Question 12 of 20

Which of the following best represents an example of a secondary dimension of diversity?

 A. Race

 B. Socialisation

 C. Biological sex

 D. Ethnicity

Answer Key: B

Question 13 of 20

In Lebese's article he refers to three different types of professional norms that we find during
interpretation. These norms are:

 A. Accountability norm - which refers to interpreters taking accountability for the

product they produce Communication norm - interpreters ensuring that the interpretation
that the listener receives is clear and understood without difficulty Relation norm - this
norm ensures that the interpretation that the listener receives matches the the target
language

 B. Communication norm - which refers to interpreters taking accountability for the

product they produce Accountability norm - interpreters ensuring that the interpretation
that the listener receives is clear and understood without difficulty Relation norm - this
norm ensures that the interpretation that the listener receives matches the the source-
language message
  C. Accountability norm - which refers to interpreters taking accountability for the
product they produce Communication norm - interpreters ensuring that the interpretation
that the listener receives is clear and understood without difficulty Relation norm - this
norm ensures that the interpretation that the listener receives matches the the source-
language message

 D. Accountability norm- which refers to interpreters taking accountability for the

product they produce Communication norm - interpreters ensuring that the interpretation
that the listener receives is adequate Relation norm - this norm ensures that the
interpretation that the listener receives matches expectations

Answer Key: C

Question 14 of 20

What does the phrase “going beyond circumlocution” refer to?

 A. The intent is to unintentionally sway opinions, through words, as a result of bias

thereby contributing to a perception of guilt.

 B. The intent is to unintentionally mis-translate information in a court setting.

 C. The intent is to intentionally sway opinions, through words, as a result of bias

thereby contributing to a perception of guilt.

 D. The intent is to unintentionally misinterpret meaning in a court setting.

Answer Key: C

Question 15 of 20

From the following, choose the correct types of interpretation.

 A. Communicative and simultaneously

 B. Consecutive and simultaneous

 C. Direct and indirect

 D. All of the above

Answer Key: B

Question 16 of 20
Which one of the following best represents an example of a primary dimension of diversity?

 A. Religion

 B. Culture

 C. Race

 D. Education level

Answer Key: C

Question 17 of 20

It is not the obligation of the translator to know the cultural background and language of the
country which the author of the text (translated)/ the client come from.

True

False

Answer Key: False

Question 18 of 20

You are the presiding officer in a matter. The matter involves an application for eviction. The
Applicant is asking the court to evict the Respondent from the premises that the Applicant owns
which is currently being rented and occupied by the Respondent. Which option (from the ones
provided) will cover the relevant issues that the court will have to decide, the best. Use some legal
reasoning and FIRAC to arrive at your answer.

 A. Ownership of the premises and if the Applicant is entitled to evict the Respondent.

 B. If the court has jurisdiction in this matter.

 C. Ownership of the premises and if the Applicant wants to evict the Respondent.

 D. Ownership of the premises and the validity of the rental agreement.

Answer Key: A

Question 19 of 20

What follows is a fill in the blank question with 1 blanks.

Complete the sentence by filling in the blank:(one word)

Lourens claims that there is a social contract that was established amongst the citizens of South
Africa when it comes to language rights at the advent of the Constitution.

Answer Key: contract

Question 20 of 20

Indicate if the following statement is TRUE or FALSE:

"The Magistrates' Court Act 32 of 1944" supplies sufficient information and guidelines to assist court
interpreters.

True

False

Answer Key: False

IFA 4
Part 1 of 1

Question 1 of 20
Each and every study has to complete the ethics checklist.

 A. True

 B. False

Answer Key: A

Question 2 of 20
What is the following a description of? “ It comprises a comparison of the legal positions of
different jurisdictions, often related to foreign law.”

 A. A quantitative study
  B. A qualitative study

 C. A comparative method

 D. A literature review

Answer Key: C

Question 3 of 20
What is the aim of a study?

 A. To set milestones for the study.

 B. To determine the objectives of a study.

 C. To determine the focus of the study.

 D. To answer the research question.

Answer Key: D

Question 4 of 20
Which of the following is not a guideline for developing a research question?

 A. Avoid questions that ask for a conclusive solution, policy, or course of action.

 B. Consider questions that ask “why”.

 C. Avoid questions that ask for a subjective value judgement.

 D. Avoid questions that can be answered with a simple “yes” or “no”.

Answer Key: B

Question 5 of 20
Which of the following is not an example of a secondary source in Law?
  A. Books

 B. Case law

 C. Chapters in books

 D. Journal articles

Answer Key: B
Question 6 of 20
From what should your research question emanate?

 A. From the aim set out in the study.

 B. From the research problem as motivated in the problem statement.

 C. From the objectives set out in the study.

 D. From the contextualisation.

Answer Key: B
Question 7 of 20
Which of the following is not an example of a primary source in Law?

 A. Books

 B. Legislation

 C. Policies

 D. Treaties

Answer Key: A
Question 8 of 20
On what is the framework for your mini-dissertation based on?
  A. The objectives of the study.

 B. The research question.

 C. The motivation for the study.

 D. The aims of the study.

Answer Key: A
Question 9 of 20
What is the following a description of? “It comprises the critical analysis of published
sources on a particular topic.”

 A. A qualitative study

 B. A quantitative study

 C. A literature review

 D. A comparative method

Answer Key: C
Question 10 of 20
How many keywords should the proposal have? Select the correct option.

 A. Approximately five*

 B. Less than five

 C. As many as one wants

 D. Exactly five

Answer Key: A
Question 11 of 20
What is a hypothesis?
  A. None of the options are correct.

 B. A hypothesis is a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of

limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.

 C. A hypothesis is something that is accepted as true or as certain, but as yet

without proof.

 D. A hypothesis is a proposition upon which an argument is based or from which

a conclusion is drawn.

Answer Key: B
Question 12 of 20
What should the motivation sub-section in the problem statement work towards?

 A. The premises.

 B. The research question and method.

 C. The research question and aim.

 D. The research aim and objectives.

Answer Key: C
Question 13 of 20
Which of the following should be linked to the research question?

 A. The conclusion of the study.

 B. Analysis and discussion.

 C. All the options are correct.

 D. Argument and the incremental achievement of goals.

Answer Key: C
Question 14 of 20
The research methods generally used in postgraduate legal research is the literature review
and / or a comparative method.

 A. True

 B. False

Answer Key: A
Question 15 of 20
What is a premise?

 A. A premise is something that is accepted as true or as certain, but as yet

without proof.

 B. A premise is a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of

limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.

 C. None of the options are correct.

 D. A premise is a proposition upon which an argument is based or from which a

conclusion is drawn.

Answer Key: D
Question 16 of 20
What is the function of the motivation sub-section as part of the problem statement in your
proposal?

 A. It presents what the reader can expect in the study.

 B. It offers insight into the problem statement.

 C. It serves as the rationale/justification of your study.

 D. It offers contextualisation of the research problem.

Answer Key: C
Question 17 of 20
What is an assumption?

 A. An assumption is something that is accepted as true or as certain, but as yet

without proof.

 B. An assumption is proposition upon which an argument is based or from which

a conclusion is drawn.

 C. An assumption is a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of

limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.

 D. None of the options are correct.

Answer Key: A
Question 18 of 20
What is the function of the background sub-section in your problem statement?

 A. It includes background information about the researcher.

 B. It gives details about how data is going to be collected.

 C. It outlines the framework of the mini-dissertation.

 D. It contextualises the research problem and orientates the reader.

Answer Key: D
Question 19 of 20
Which of the following reflect the sub-sections that form part of the problem statement in the
proposal?

 A. Background; motivation; research question

 B. Background; research question; method

 C. Background; method; motivation

 D. Background; body; conclusion

Answer Key: A
Question 20 of 20
Which of the following is not a guideline for formulating a good title:

 A. Honest and realistic

 B. Informative

 C. Detailed

 D. Eloquent and correct

Answer Key: C

IFA5
Part 1 of 1

Question 1 of 20
Which of the following is not a step in the problem identification process?

 A. Discussion with subject experts

 B. Management decision making

 C. Review of existing literature

 D. Theoretical foundation and model building

Answer Key: B
Question 2 of 20
One of the significances of reviewing related literature is that it provides an insight into
strengths and weaknesses of other studies.
 True
False

Answer Key: True

Question 3 of 20
When a researcher is unfamiliar with the subject matter to be researched, what tool may be
consulted to provide background information?

 A. United State Code

 B. Legal encyclopedias

 C. Federal Reporter

 D. Case digests

Answer Key: B
Question 4 of 20
Literature review is basically to bridge the gap between

 A. Newly established facts

 B. Previously established facts

 C. Previous to current established facts

 D. None of the above

Answer Key: C
Question 5 of 20
Which of the following statements is incorrect about research titles?

 A. be vague to make the readers interested

 B. develop a researchable topic

 C. avoid the use of unrelated sources

  D. avoid the use of jargon and repetitive words

Answer Key: A
Question 6 of 20
The background can describe the context of the research problem without any existing
information regarding the problem.
True
False

Answer Key: False

Question 7 of 20
Research objective is used to check if the purpose of the study has been achieved
True
False

Answer Key: True

Question 8 of 20
A research proposal on motivation should contain...

 A. The question the study aims to answer

 B. A brief review of the literature used and an argument to the topic.

 C. An explanation on how your ideas differ from the position of other scholars.

 D. All of the above

Answer Key: D

Question 9 of 20
Section of the research where the purpose and problem are included is:

 A. Methodology
  B. Introduction

 C. Discussion

 D. Descriptive writing

Answer Key: B

Question 10 of 20
Sources of customary International law includes treaties, court decisions and National
Legislations.
True
False

Answer Key: True

Question 11 of 20
Literature refers to

 A. Written Record

 B. Published Record

 C. Unpublished Record

 D. All of the above

Answer Key: D

Question 12 of 20
The Data of research is, generally

 A. Qualitative only

 B. Quantitative only

 C. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’

  D. Neither ‘A’ nor ‘B’

Answer Key: C

Question 13 of 20
Brainstorming is a way to...

 A. Help you decide your research topic.

 B. Come up with keywords to use later when searching.

 C. Both A & B

 D. None of the above

Answer Key: C

Question 14 of 20
Research aims at...

 A. Verifying the existing knowledge

 B. Acquiring new knowledge

 C. Filling the missing links in the existing Knowledge

 D. All of the above

Answer Key: D

Question 15 of 20
The scope of the problem involves the intensity or an area that is affected.
True
False
Answer Key: True

Question 16 of 20
What are the basis components in legal reasoning when one is conducting a study?

 A. Logic

 B. Justice

 C. Experience

 D. All of the above

Answer Key: D

Question 17 of 20
. _____ sources of law include legal commentaries, encyclopedia, views of legal experts and
reputed legal dictionaries.

 A. Primary

 B. Secondary

 C. Both (a) and (b)

 D. None of the above

Answer Key: B

Question 18 of 20
This refers to the information or content from different sources related to the topic.

 A. Literature

 B. Methodology

 C. References
  D. Sources

Answer Key: A

Question 19 of 20
A research background cannot discuss the theories and concepts used in the study.
True
False

Answer Key: False

Question 20 of 20
If the researcher aims to find a solution to a specific practical legal problem, then he/she
carries out…

 A. Pure legal research

 B. Applied legal Research

 C. Analytical legal research

 D. Empirical legal Research

Answer Key: B

IFA6
Part 1 of 1

Question 1 of 10
Select the most correct option of the ones provided:

When you undertake a comparative study you need to justify :

 A.

the reason for the study and its possible conclusion

 B.

why a comparison is necessary as well as justify the choice of jurisdictions and

materials to be compared and the choice of a specific methodological comparative
approach

 C.

why a comparison is necessary and which jurisdiction will be used and

specifically explain the specific methodological comparative approach

 D.

why a comparison is necessary or desirable, followed by a justification of the choice

of jurisdictions and materials to be compared

Answer Key: B

Question 2 of 10

Select the most correct option from the ones provided.

A hypothesis is the following:

 A.

an explanation that should only be used at the conclusion of a study.

  B.

an explanation constructed making use of limited evidence as a starting point for

further investigation

 C.

an explanation constructed making use of ample evidence as a starting point for

further investigation

 D.

can be seen as the final answer to your research question .

Answer Key: B

Question 3 of 10

Which of the following statements can be considered to be an assumption?

 A.

Most countries fall victim to corrupt governments.

 B.

Extensive research has proven that most countries fall victim to corrupt
governments.

 C.

John Grace, in his book "Power that corrupts" states that most countries fall victim to
corrupt governments.

 D.
 Corrupt governments rule!

Answer Key: A

Question 4 of 10

A premise determines :

 A.

the reasons and evidence behind a conclusion

 B.

the reasons and speculations behind a conclusion

 C.

the reasons and counterarguments behind a conclusion

 D.

the hypotheses and evidence behind a conclusion

Answer Key: A

Question 5 of 10

Indicate if the following statement is TRUE or FALSE

A literary review will usually include sources such as case law, legislation and academic
articles on the topic.

True
False
Answer Key: True

Question 6 of 10
Indicate if the following statement is TRUE or FALSE.

The following statement is an example of an invalid statement :

All presidents receive security assistance.

Thabo Mbeki received security assistance.
Therefore, Thabo Mbeki was a president.
True
False

Answer Key: True

Question 7 of 10

Once you have the premise you must follow through with it by using:

 A.

arguments and deductive reasoning

 B.

logic and deductive reasoning

 C.

logic and more logic

 D.

logic and inductive reasoning

Answer Key: B

Question 8 of 10
Which one of the following statements would reflect the best example of a problem
statement:

 A.

The obligations of the Barcelona Convention are not being enforced properly by the
signatories of the convention.

 B.

The ambiguous nature of the obligations contained in the Barcelona Convention.

 C.

There has been a need and a call for the obligations of the Barcelona Convention to
be enforced.

 D.

Signatories to the Barcelona Convention often do not enforce the obligations

contained in the convention. The latter action renders the convention toothless and
this means the convention does not serve its purpose, which then sometimes leads to
major injustices being committed.

Answer Key: D

Question 9 of 10
What follows is a fill in the blank question with 1 blanks.

In your research you must reflect on both primary (one word) and secondary sources.

Answer Key: primary

Question 10 of 10

Select the most correct option of the ones provided:

Why is legal reasoning seen as a process of inference?

 A.

because you have a premise which you must prove and then a conclusion

 B.

Because there is a passing from a premise , believed to be true, followed by another ,

different premise, also believed to be true with the aim to reach a conclusion

 C.

because the process follows premises and a conclusion

 D.

It starts at a certain point and then goes through a cycle and ends at another point.

Answer Key: B