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DBMS Notes
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OD. ea anges pom LOUD! 0170) to 9494:1923) rh it fowmat WUL be by sin sec ra yongu fam €000:00:00 fo 93:59:94 Primary Attys of counting table : a) Re Stal >| aaa1 ppe_Lisation - ta - Go CREATE TABLE table name totumn, clafaliype, Coleumn, datatype, fy CREATE TABLE Stuctent(Stal_ iad varchar | . Sid-name Char, , Stood, varthar); CREATE TABLE — cotrene ( Pinnuling We values ! The “iu fate” y upd to invert mee recorct tuo the fable vols Ub Cae () Gere ivseer avo Coven nownelcbat |, iste.) | by vous IVSERT drve TO stuctuat' 01, "x¥2", “Tumaten ’) WSEeT Bvt Stuctont'C 09, ‘yvio', ‘Banglore ') ; WNSERT ITO Stuolent yatuns(o3 ‘Age ‘Magacté'); Select on WEL to elect dam from fre dotovoy. QE LECT ' + {rm teole nome ; Gy: # SELECT from bhuclt + olp: SAiA — sld-reme gd cate Oo Ky2 Tumoucey ) Uw Canglore 0> - Age Magadé F ¥ @B cevect Atd_ name from Studmret ; Patr OlP: — Sid-rame XY2 Uw NB Atter : We cutty table sctement 4 Lyel be ade cutele oF modify column dn an QU ng, 1bLe. Stynta ae ALTER 46 TABLE able nome ADD columnome e ltobype fy! ada ' ALTER ‘TABLE Stuclunt KOD email varchar + OF oid Sename gietacd email or XYZ Toulon . (oe Wh Bow 9 love 03 BC mo.gad ( — amp: \ ALTER TABLE table name peoP COLUM wLnme ALTER TABLE Stunt O80 corumn umail« ody | ALTER TABLE teblenome moorey CoLaumn Cole Komp Coklarype + ALTER TABLE Student moorey coLymry sicttt imt ; Qonowme | ALTE? TALE table-nowe Rewame coLmumv otd-noml TO NEW _mame — ee i |arene ntee TABLE Stuctert eename ° Coptvmy Ba name +9 FrtAt_ nawe ALY _CAluunn - ALTER TABLE +&hlo-nome ATE CoLUmn WO Aen. ceatatype : Opotate « The update totem i wo gp modify ae erating “records 1M A +eblo Syntat: VPOATE +abte- name SET Cet-nome =" "values Ce Nosed “veLAe * caer Col. nowae> “vats, . if toh Cot ROE ven UPDATE © Stuctont * CET Staada =e mcpore" Wht Mel-hOme = © wuz": ReteEe EW wel LO ctetete Low extating . necerds 7 CL table . Syntert | : DELETE prym tAblehame tune tondition + DELETE JOR Stuctont whe tacos 02 5 TO Oelote syntax’ OeLete {vor Student +, T otutete C dalett O table Syrian 820 THLE table nome; OU swords |wae) (oY Te cogs J “Tao cagation CREATE TABLE Employte(eup. ict number, eup_name Char, Job- name Chey , nator varunar :); dnien fing valut Gseer INT EMigl Values( 01 Suresh” | - Manager, 44000); _ GvSEeT INTO Empinyte values (02, 2amesh , Analyst , 30000) ; | INSERT GnTo Gmployee vous (03. Koji, ( Cou , 20000) ; | ENseeT INT Curploye volus (04, Rani, | _ Sanusman, 10000) ; Sect au SELECT ¥ prom Ephoyee ' ump-id wup- name job. name Aatary ol Surah 4AV0D 09 Ramosh_ ‘peal 30.0 oe aie Cre > 20000 Sattiman 10000 Sue poset —Buron, SELECT tape PR Cveptoyer » ; a 7 02AL Add: pLfek TABLE Emptoyce ADD email varCnor ; wup-ld UMP-noune Joe name rakory — emait “un Suresh Man it000 v2 Ramiuh Anatipt 30000 03 Royt Cink 20000 ou Rant Salumon = | 0009 ee TABLE Evuployee OL0P COLUMIV email; —C AMAL Yolo. NUML A . eueptch UM sabauy “suresh Man Uy be Rowmsh Anau’ 30000 03 Raji e000 ou Po. Calman — 10002 todd moe ALTER TELE MODIFY COLUMN emp-ic varUnar 5 Ponawme - ° ALTER TABLE Evuployte CEMAME: COLUM job-nave Le projemion : Wap id Mp name — Props a oO Swwh Manco = Wapoot 03 Qos fn le 3000 0 03 Roy Cline 000 04 Roun Satuman = to000 DpOTE : LPOATE Employ SET rabory =15000 whee ewup_col = 0% Otlete WL word DELETE from Employee ; Detet table ‘POP TABLE Emptoyte ; ee,3I) Letationcd ywsctol Concept : (23 ¥Qata Ws Atorud fn fable housivg swlationsli, belipen thom VU cabled selatfenat Weel. ¥ Relation wiodel con COpnVeNt OA O tebode. taith celui Quek THU. # Goch MOHD is Enon as Luple. x Enon table OQ Column has a nome ov Qttr7> wn . Qemain » BH UIAE ee v atemce volun Hot Qu Attribute Can Attyibutes: & wutains Wt name OF Ue Column in Q pontitular +eble Rolationod tnstanw : suprwyntot by a diuite dee ( LUpls. Rotator ‘tn3tence as net hae ( Cupiicale tuples, | Rotation schema: ~ & weutain te naw The Salation GUL Blum ancl! atesibulu — Farh $=swlation coer-_—~ . es - bath ottnipute contains Q Mittin none > Attribute clomctn har no MG MEF . > Tepi has nd aetpticate vate, = onder 4 =the uy tup to Con hatoc a Dé [form Seq ore - Relational poder uotattons A Covstecunnts ¢ THe OAL fhe NULY oY Condom +Mat ary ied tO 2m AOI yoithin a clainboe Lo wrt data andegrity, Comidency and adhe f6 “the bwin tule Thnt ane: 3 typ. Cenitraint O Whvent moot baycl tenstrainl oy implicit conitvelints : Cowtrainti that oe inhewnt th the dato § wieder, : @ Stroma bored constrotnts ov explicit wntrainn : Tse ane enprorte obirettly tn vw ‘temas 9 dota mele : @ appucation had or . semantic em borrcol Controunts oy businon TULL: Constraint frat ‘cannot be clivectby Hprente in the Ache Bf. Cla. rmeotet ancl honte must pe expr and enfowctd 24 ThE APPLEAOn gram oF in ADMeE blur voays. mybee Lomty! L_toatybuecd Comitycunts gince it~ eS 'n “We antatton ay aay oustiaints : ck AhoUtd not ve the pene VOLLLA AINE LOL ee tae each Ne. in On the Wa datattonsnage | | ye Sabre ROUML Wout ippunt ys. | Reyoroubion Cay naly contrcvin ts ee t Buwern 2 station or tae ond Ae ountatn Com taten cy Qmimny | oe ‘tupty ign tn 2 oolations . TA corutroints euforted Hough q oreran 0 it ie Modu J War fodwi Wd SWABOn Ko Bnd “AL pring ee Or lees 7 OME He neomat as thee pont fo OG | laspu| (aap catfzoee | o | we la " Teamaie | Weigel We oe eae “ ee Nt Tee primer fe ray wy 74aaa og you Typo RIS bys. @ Concidot key : Primary bey @) Super eey Autmate uy © foruign key © Composite key => Candidate ‘ reer ro A OF altnibubr that can pe wuguoly identified wpe i now Cy canclictate a oO super boy with no Tupialed Cate, fy Stuy Suuj.np th . sttolont dlattarour. — Pum : : ‘ G& 1 On unlgus key Onod Can be chef tuntiptect Only Orne tuple Ot o foe. “yf COrmot De Mull Ond-mo cupticcle vowwes, fy. Stuotynt swq- no in dfudent clatobcue. > Sup ay: Adoling Ze OY More AtMripvter L9 Une __ A Canchirtate key Can be 0 auiper (ay and. ViG-Veua iu not tae. Sup kuy ean val Moy also be nul. Ge Stuceng 9a. n0 + phone nurby — filternote key 7 ALL Une Keys Ga wouith ane not primary bey Oe Called Akenole key. | pum dt UO Aeondwry Key conrtaty 2 or move Ud. More yatus com we ouprated « Ey’ Name, phone number, enarl-ia- clo - ee[oe ———— — fonsiqn Key ° ; dk Uo bay which ack as primony key in om, tale ond if ack oy neon clory bey in Cnpthy, pao Wwbints 9 or mort reloution at a Hn fy - cept ia Of Uwployce table & ctopb-iok of _ Cepanrtmnett 1A volo cept tol 4 fhe U Oc A primany key Y the 0 Primon, key In Me tobe. ie i Two oy mow attrimite Aw Lugol Legetho: Jo wore towposite key, : Combination of altrioule mey give font ACeueyGey in tering OF idwtiqying Ht yOWs wiquoly, Eq Stuctont GULL noe + 008 Ch bk Lobe Foqunnn tp OCOM' jhe details G Uae ntuctont | : luis | Relational Kaiorare design using, 62 te SWlationor _ Mapping, ‘tip ane + xteps to rdoufigy tue putatidv O Mapping of sugulor entity pyres. O Mopping of en untiby ‘yall : OMapoing Of fobmoy tea KUlotoushio hype, © Mapping of binary 1 eW Setationuas yf: © Mapping Of NOM mins SWLOEions hip Lype- © Mapping ¢ MT UA Ott ctes Mm fa3 A - OGY SOO g type:Catioedy Conta? oO © = Qecint ontoutoute > > Multivelurl ansdncte O=—] > “That ponticipeition - Tdoulifinn Lhe swlationshpr IH [209 ; Re LO = Potcutionad nyedtel mopping . 0 Mapping of sengutcn euitify Cypes > Ht each ‘Sten wor CAtr011g) eutity Dyer B® Us KR Mhoma, Oat. o gulatton g, thar includes cll Ue dinpte atiupety E QB? CUE CHL Of Lhe bey cbt, bei Aa primary Koy of B. QO mapping of wow eutity types : >For tach weak Ontity in The £2 Anema wit — Cun ‘entity Clot o& suldtir, 2 Ond Inclucou all Af, Ob altstoutler p Maple biatiuets Bepun cont a Ouse [Sex| ech ate Vasatocap | — Consicr Sen ng, eg employee Or deoiyn Koy Ond doponclon nome ox epar ctortt noth 2 Fi @) Mapping GF nowy y+) 9 > For tach bindruy 1-1 o¢ in We ER AUhEme ict ond T that _ OMe Pon Dye portcapateny (lorhiimaltp Lype | UMFeKip type eat Miiy up s0Latian 5 ht ne entiby in Rk,= -| as“ Torire | @ mopping ol, bina 1:10 seolationhip Type: | v5 fot each SteQutor binaMy VV seebcutions hip a type L (dortty Le swlation 3 Hing x 4 dua porttuipaliny euttly bype Of Me Ny Afcle Of Ae setationship type 6 maipptng gq winary Mi Sula tionsip Type: — fox 4ah _ enplo' en —— {Pm ete) © Mapping of —meutttvo.ted Adtnioutur ; @ Mapping 4 A wvay vulaliouhip Type . For bach N-OWTY SULOBomhip Dyee & Whar N>2. ah O& news gwlatiouhip S Ze Seepsunent 2 Guan xan apa Guns Pape (maPr “iginh. = Ouvit~ 03 ua Stoweleret Quvy houguage SOL Lata Refit Lion : SOL Wr the tomy +A8t, TOW Anc CelLUnn 4" JOTMAL tela tiongy MOLL a4 selation , tuple » Oreck atpu but, Sep ecee Sdema rel Catalog Loncepte in SoU: PERO stan 19 NPY a mony vewlation « Ging a Maun Ok Aptetgying ibs octmné Onc tntHat Comtrornty, Bowe clato Lyper Qu’ Numonic , ee AtSUing ott AMsny . boolean. Oak Ona Sprrifying “itor in Megs THE in ed Sept inten Cottam , Steststicttony len se ae avck Ut ant COUAEOIAK on trotiviclitat Udittin stp SUALEOn Note! Because SOL atteus nut ax atrrwoute NOLL, o COMESOLME me mult m bo Dpecifit HY MUL is mot pewnitlich 4 ov & portico ete ) te | & Lb povine an, Oafaut vat a an attaibute by ont oe Do Clea ae VOU - OCFAULT Vale WW inctitotent many new De y Cae plead Vln iy ed provicled fo" Hat cbt| cawate fobs at(at-d ink not nun _ | at-name vordnor (955) not nul, Ak. natany int Obef Gust 1000). oO x¥2 — (uovo P o> Nac nOnee Opp ly bOmk Y use tony, “ re qooo0 7 ct Only dank or UH Oy Os W000 cue ce oo Crate tut Lobe with atl pry tuple and is Aotatyper. The neck Constraint Wt be Wing When use nod to Check the volun oe between. a coat stole oteC atic int rot nub _ name varcnos (250) net nu dt pabony {wk Chick @satory
Tun tate lable wat ih WE Ouly want 10 ut bud Mate i G table qua rot ee wom Compe, only tue ‘at | tayo Lhe Logie WonOde +ane tude nama OF databore > Alter Commanoal &% Ww wa ci Nn adding or oe O column Cet riots Cees thw ia ie fon Of OG Célumn o Ciopping table trun, . Alter +4ale Habre dnep cet Nouv; Atty tWole teole-name doa Wun. nome Brg doraty pe . AUY 40bIe gayi noun CL8p celumn Coun. noUML Auer toble t6be_naune wodity cetrumm CBUWurin nanny Alkty 1GbIe toble Sune 7Finome tus. tebe Exmplorpe tmp ows olory AL Rdore aowrem % Ot Pomi (ovo fF 317-03 Banglu? pe Ray 90000 fa -g0s Muyavve 03 Rog (0000 mM 4-8-4 Mauglore 04 Suh 5900 Mm 91-)-03 Mandy 05 Romah Gov» M 4-6 oO Bamglor®ME Altes table employee Cll COLUMN eaeaEDL @ UmaiL; Altty table umployee wuoclgy 4a) Colwnn Nwtong : Auer table euuploye rename cuuployees > oli] 23 Eorployee ° eat es [name Ssr Bdalt Addren Sex Salary Super mn Ono Leport-munt - Onde Dnumbtr Morn Mays dtart_ date Separt eget _ | ocation - Drums Olecation wort on EMO Pho Hours PrQject * Mame Phumbty Placation Dependent. ; Ema Qeperdont nde er Betote Rotation hip Bovre veetoibval quaien in Sox: Te SELECT’ Matemnont Will be “Lae banc Atetemunt jor ounlting We, information [72 tht Clataboue . _, Alter table evmployet 0p Crt, pratt Buum ~ SELECT x from Company ; The sevect from ohne ALUdiNe © SOL Quotes : SELECT <@ttvitute List > FROM
WHERE << Ui Con cte kin > {basic SSeSAttribute tut + Liat Of Attribute omer Whe voluL CoD £0 be subuewe by TL Quon, Toole tt: Ute pee Of sttlation moun, SG Utrtol tO Poun te ; Cenciition = uw uo tovdutionot oaprenion tdontifies aye PUphes be be swbu'ersect by te py © Retniwe tuo Ope Quek adorn The Luplsyee rohoye NCume in rane > SELECT Beate , Actdrew FRom Evuplot ar » ALVD . eae WHERE Fame-“Sohn” BOF mint te” avo Lname=" Ongin 5 STpf2 tnunits ‘om ole: Bdate — Adctren 1965-01-09 43) Fondoen, Houston, TX neu anc adaren f au for Ue surneasth Abpartins: > Setect Frown, Minit, Lnoume . aoldreny | FRom Employte , Oepartment WHEEE Ona =" eearth’ Qnck’ Onumber -Ono: Fnome Minit trom actotrey John 8 Smith 43) Fondren, Houston ,TX T Wong 63% Vom, Houston 7 Pumas K Norayon 945 Five Es A Ewglish §— 863) Rice, Howson, TX od@ fer wou project 1ecated in Stafford. vist tho project niunber, ContreUiny cleportment number anol Beportment monayn'» Lert name, acterren ard Oo > SELECT Priumbey , Onumbty, Lname. addin, Boate - Feom — Prejett , Leporement . Employee WHERE OnUm = number AD Mgr—mn=Ssn Arvo eyocation = "Stafford |; olP: Pniumbey Onumber Lname addin Bdate () Rr each employee . rebricwe Lhe employse rome jLaimome anol sn , wor.on hours. 2 SELECT. Frame, Lnoame ,8sn pour, Feom — Employee , rar wees on * WHERE Son- Egon and hours= 20.0; © Qpeciqy the etlouing quunien in SOL on te datavue stwmo @ Rotriewe Ol tue nam g lentoy huang Ce. Of AhuUctonety ee Ue moms of Ott corres tang the Dy Kin - Stucke pry Std th Name fgaren 008 BrANth Yeo Pat. Courae 1444 ron 2003 F 2004 @Sevect name la From Stuctont WHERE Byanth:'cS" Avo Year = 1994 SELECT Courie FROM — Stretent WHE ee Prop—nome = "Kilnug’ P| =uli Frnbor gues Attnfiute nova , Obiartng , Menouing curct fuple ventables : AnbiguoLy Obinitarte } A 0 ov mie _ Altshuler usith Lhe 4 | Tomes use mee Atidy Lhe Abinioule Non, WOO the stetation mote LO prevent Ob iguit, YU cove Let re tee ltt he satin NG Line Dome anol Mparat; by & Peto. SELECT Shame » EMpLouce Mame, Adctrey FROM EMPLOYEE, DEpAeT, TMEWT WHERE DEPARTMENT. Wowne = "RisearCh” AYVD OEPARTMENT. Onumeer = EMPLOUEE. Ono ¢ ALLOS uy: . Ain alan Com JOtLOUy ste Keyword AS’. SELECT e.frome, C- Lome, A-Frame, beLnovne From emeLoyee AS @ , EMPLOYEE AS + WHERE ¢. Super_ Mn = 4. Ron Note- Ke B= AUpesvisoy A, Osvry quastion oY Abou : Fir cach Uuploye , vetrulere te oot nome empo dort mount 4h or We first te nd Fncume out Omnmuectiote auperviny EMPLOYEE AS (fH, mi,Ln, sgn, Od, Adar, SM Sar San , Ono)
SELECT efron ,e.fname | |.1 Salary ans tnouama— hot FLOM @EMPLOUEE BAS ©, WORKS. of AL w, PeosetT AS p WHERE —&. San =to.EM\n AVD Ww. Pho = p. Prtmb tr Anv0 P-Pnome = ‘Procuckx’ ; salu 23 ole: ; Frawe Lname inncawead_ QL “John Sutth 31000 © Toys Englivh ONE Of BETINEEN Kouword : Pumpin Ou & br We clupmbyont 5 LOWE ACLU befirten gv0U0 Fe 40000 7 SELECT FLOM. EMPLINEE WHERE (Salary GE TWEEN 30000 AMO Loos) AND, OnO= 5 5 GEE O|p | :The Condution Salary belint®r 30700 & tooo; A Qqpivated Lo Te condition (@utary > 30000) avo’ (eatary < 840000) ; Oscctenect_ by Query sUArule . “The Oeote ey Feyuorc 1h Uxeol Co rvrt The sl, ALL in Oacencting: oy CLercenadcviy, OFAN . , Syntax : SELECT Column, Column... FROM tablenome ORDER By Coltemns, Coltwnna... + Astloesc : : Te ORoER ORDER GY kemond posth ane recorch in Ouancing Ora wt Ol Cale. To Avi the aecorts in ctescendling Orchex We DESC Keyword . SL gerect » FROM pROOULTS ORDER BY Price » SELECT ¥ Feom = peooucts OROER BY Price OESE€ - Bavic SOL otetrievar Querces - A A ple FubuevaL Op : | Comiats 9 be cower Shey one sect ond F2om , ERE, ane ORO BY, 0M, WIHERE, ane Tae SELECT Ceanne LOE tye buts TO or SUL . So FLOM clowwe Jotce ples Simple quimy UL seetations noid! in ‘ :Hee = CLO ichontiqi@s = Conctiltory for Arboeltny teu . ; ; oenee BY ppeciq ter Qn dicen Ff CUA Play incy Ke PONLUA a Quwouy | INSERT, OLLETE MRAM VPOBATE Maternent in Tae Gist et Command — INSERT (nh EMPLOUEE values CMahaLAe IMAL» 'M’, |Rajanne TOI CSOCI’ ," 3t- Fe —2603 '-' 2003 - OT- 31) Magact, Lamanayara’, ‘F' "s00000'. '9ICS8b01’ , 5") ; > INSERT tnt EMLOUEE (Frame Jnome, One , @ 8sn) Values C'Manalothmni’, 'Rajanna’. 6 ,' 5108051"): 7 UVSERT inks EMPLOYEE (fname ,Lname. &sn, Ono) valiaes C'merraratshmnt:* @" \51¢ 5941 ry: Gn. UA Wy, USE On“ aufeet tue tetUmn wnith. 14 nde swgyiirel "fox preject then GVSERT inde EMPLOUEE( Frame, Lname. Ono ) valuuws (Pent? te! 5); Seek Commane ; &- O€LETE © FROM EMPLOUEE : WHERE Lnoume = ‘Engtush V9 OELE TE Sa FROM EMPLOUEE WHERE Sco = 123u(6984VPolate Command ° ¥ is Whe Le moctify Attrib vou Me OF roy MECHA tuple. f+ LPDATE PROTECT SET PLocitton =| Heetrtar’ Beare’ , Onum -« WHEEE — Poumbty = [0 VEOATE EMPLOUEE SET Satary - Salary. LI WHERE Ono=5; ‘holes Comparison trvOlutug NULL ancl_3 volue Jogitat : ST SQL NULL vatue Bovilally moons “Couto be ting *. -uu Chonedre tmpewtole Lo UL whethn O Comportaion te ALL a tun or T Btrads one He 3 Pooicor vatuos : Unknown , Undvautlable ert be oppticatte ers comes tn, © unknown VOL , A pesron’s O08 MU wot -knewn..%0 > it can be ap swurlead oy MULL. © wnavatiawe os wstinhete values : fl pevnon's has To heme home but J c aeuund wowed 0 be Lineal So te woth Oud spree OB AJULL + cout . @ not _Oppe © OthyFouwey Aas college lense cotta CL pevAT ph hor mo collage ti geenot opty 0 thas be ULL Jo Ragnar, . Bec LYE .-_——
- Max ¢Satary), anu (sal AUG (AGLarY >’ From (kvuployet Join Owpestmiont A pn Or8= Onwuwoty) WHERE Onowmex DU| eel the total rumbt7 y Employees fn the penitest err in LUO rUsterch company & Ue nbs of eapioytn i, . | oe evect cou T(x ) | Feom -fet@P Kewployee % — GELECT Count C+) Feon Kruployte. Departrunt WHERE Orie Onuntts And Onaume= 'Rexares' » nel Hue the g curttriak Cy) Lhe reusr, G county) seturms me ne, of FOWs Fn tne auyult 4H quey. | Count the np, % autince salary wat ins Ne dlatabay . . SELECT Count Corsrsnet (Salary) Faorm Employ ; sis Grouping : “re group by ano. Newtrg lowe Fath group ustlt comgiat & tuples that tht “Aamir. valu Of: Aone Qthbutu _ Ged He: grouping Qtirtiuty - SOL nor 0 Gy Clowne dor thir punpere, The group I hunt Atay tad tip OWyibutear coluich shocetol ‘oso OY th SELECT Clouse, 40 that tue valu ne Ullting {om Opplytny, keh Ogregate duction te a Teup WW Opp) etong uslh te value ‘i Grol? ate ules AN OH cepantmont setnitue ye Une no, iota oepartmont nb, nwserage a orion polrront anor troy ~ SELECT One, Count ly) , Owal Satory ) From Evployce GRovp By One ; (Rrol; On® Count(#) ayig(Satory ) 5 a 33.950 4 5 31000 I ! 56000 (OU! Sf myoLt taiste in IAL grouping aterr dn, Hon Une Nppowetle grrue s Cuated fol Qu tue tuples ustth, NULL Valet ty dhe Pupiny attrtoutar : SOL prociole oO HAVING tome wich as &pecar tn Conjumetion with Geour av Chouye Jor purpex, . agra Mint tits oun % om — Stegancling tne Grup: of fuple ' wn mahi aan oettate ttt" (0 Van Of C2” Grouping | For each prejeck om wich more thon a2 wun rook; states tue prpject number ject Home Qua UG, He oa AWA” project ett epieses SELECT Proumer, Prome > Counk Cx) From Project , worbs-on : WHERE PrUmber - Pres GRovP By ~ Pnumbey, Rnoune HAVING CountCx) > 2; Ol Pritts — Prome — (ount(x ) 2 Product B) lo Computerization 3, 20 ReorGarrnokon 3 30 Newbent{its. 3:nn rat 6 Claes: The clauses one SOL oe Cloasing oxtor, sith the Apes cen CI praceet pting eptivnal ; Bh Ss ct < Othiibte & qundion Liv Oe < table nthe > (woreet < Condetion >) [qeour BY < grouping oxtwoute >] [Haveny < group @conctibion } Corner BY < ottrinile Lut >] SELECT Chaum List us attrtbutes ov duntifony qe be aetrened FROM CUM AptiLies ALL selections reste ty the Quy from tne table List WHERE Chau apecidics te comditions 4or Aehecting bupir 7m wre MelQiDn | GPOP @Y Apteitis grouping Cttreutn. Heavinig Apecfin 0. umnolifio¢n m Groups. etn are Out. thon vida fuptu, OROEL BY Apeeities On orcler ov Cisplaytng Hh SUSU of He quey.een Bil, Dai: informal cexign quittertnes for_aulationod Achorna O Making pure that the jemamntic Of “the Qbtytowte UW char in the achoma . Drectucing tHe Tedundont Information In Lup) 8 eeducing dhe MULL volun to “Une cups, OLatauing Dad PoHibiLibiey 4 quurating | Apurinus Lup Ley . ; © maki Mut that he Aemcunatic “We Ottriute Us Chea % In the, dUuma ; Employee | Adctrens Ontumb¢ Oupartment . (rane. [Onusbe [Ong Dept LBeatton / - eet fe ta Crome [Pruner Trtacation [Oras Works_on — 7 rea ‘on AChuma 0 that th uw + og coe Wn meaning . genet combing attabute 4x0 multiple | tity typy Ono aefalionasnip typu inle a single, owelatton p pectucig rictunctaurt valu in tuples. Save gorage “pace An& Avoid updats anomalies. ¢ Tat ce 3 Lypr Of GPA Anomoteey . o> tuntion onomaties > Qetelion Cunpmavees > Mody tiation Cnomalits Uaeetion anomatias 19 tnint & news emplo qupt inte the Umploye +tatete dupt, vse mur Inclucte eH olributes values for Lhe alent ‘et Un, uuploye works jor or null, Eiup— cept © Ename | Asn | Bdate | Addr! Orumnber) oname/Omgr-mn he fe Adtution ownomalicas TH we duel an euuployee 4 rm Gmp_ ctopt sell, te up 4hat rappers 16 \ seprenuie the GH Last ewwployer working for & portiuuter Sept. , be information Contorning tae: oleph. 4 Ase jm the dlatabene Moctisicalizon ANnomaLees : Y we chow Ant value gy | of the axtetbwty PORE Culos clopt., WEL Must Update Me Luples Qu employers who wore in +hat olept. - Otumwie fro databaw will bere “Wonsistent .Pe oN Reducing Une redundant efornabir io tuptn ¥ Kerign the baw outation Athoma, ao Mak ny TwWAtion, Clotetion or Mmoclepuation auaamanits an, Prot in the nelation , tIn AnoOmalles Ano preg , nOle a then Clearly f& mare Awe that program thok upaa, Aatabor well ppemte Correctly. © Pecturecwy UWA nut vou in the tuples ¥AN fOr Or ponibe . avold plocouy tne attrin, In BAR ylation whore vous may bt nu Paty . ' ; F Ef MUU are Cina vpidoble, metke MAUVE HHO “Ht Py in et epHonat Canes py Gnck AS no}! OLY TH Majority & tupis ‘ih the velatts, @ di ng LE pon?ouites Face . K tetra ® Resign Une swlation achema. jo et Heey (an i | Joined wth uolily wmolitory o Obi Lbu | thot one Oppropralk, related PALA. (Primary Koy, goign ben). Foy 2 way thar, guaronter y od NO rpurio Ped formal. cenaiition tape anon cdaptist | Jota properties, thar Guaronters ce vtein foe | that oloret Produce je At \pUrtous Wupt .
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