S.M.B.

MANICKAM NADAR PACKIATHAMMAL NATIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOL, DINDIGAL

1. What is Network?
 A computer network is a collection of interconnected autonomous devices for
sharing information or resources.
2. What is Host?
 It refers to computers that are attached to a network.
3. What is Client?
 A client is a host computer that request for some services from a server.
4. What is Server?
 It facilitates the sharing of data, software and hardware resources.
5. What is communication channel?
 Hosts in a network interact with other hosts and servers through
communication channel.
 Two types of communication channel.
 Wired communication – Twisted-Pair Cable, Coaxial Cable and Fibre-Optic
Cable.
 Wireless communication – Microwaves, Radiowaves, Satellite and Infrared
waves.
6. List out the components of Computer Networks.
 Host, Server, Clients, Network Hardware [ NIC, HUB, SWITCH, ROUTER etc.]
7. What is Protocol?
 It refers to set of rules using all parties of a network connected and interact
with one other.
8. What are the types of Network?
 LAN, MAN, WAN and PAN.
9. Depends on role play what are the classifications of network?
 Peer-to-Peer and Client-Server.
10. Expand: ARPANET – Advanced Research Project Agency Network.
11. What is Internet? Network of Network.
12. What is Gateway? It is device which is used to connect dissimilar networks.
13. Which protocols are used by the Internet? TCP / IP.
14. In Internet which protocol is used for communication? TCP / IP.
15. Which protocol is responsible for dividing file/message into packets? TCP.
16. Which protocol is used for handling address of destination computer? IP.
17. What is Interspace?
 It is a client-server software program which allows multiple users to
communicate online with real-time audio, video and text chat in 3D
environment.
18. What is meant by switching?
 The technique which nodes of a network transmit data to other nodes.
19. What are the types of switching technique?
 Circuit Switching -Dedicated Path [ Physical Connection b/w Sender and
Receiver] Ex: Local Telephone Network.
 Message Switching – Store and Forward Principle. Message travel across
different switching offices. Ex: Emails.
 Packet Switching – Fixed Packet Size. Access time reduced. Performance good.
Ex: Internet.
20. What is Baud?
 It is the unit measurement for information carrying capacity of communication
channel.
21. What is Bandwidth?
 It refers to difference between the highest and lowest frequencies of a
transmission channel.
22. What is Data Transfer Rate?
 The amount of data transferred per second by a communication channel.
23. What is Crosstalk?
 Bleeding of a signal from one wire to another. [ Form of signal interference]
24. What is topology?
 The pattern of interconnection of nodes in a computer.
25. What are the different types of topology?
 Star, Bus, Tree, Ring and Mesh.
26. In which topology all the notes are interconnected through single cable? BUS.
27. Which topology is used in traditional data communication? BUS.
28. The combination of bus and star topologies is : TREE TOPOLOGY.
29. In which topology each node is connected to more than one node to provide many
routes? MESH TOPOLOGY.
30. Internet is example for: MESH TOPOLOGY.
31. In a network there is a direct link between each host then the network is called –Fully
connected.
32. Military networks are preferred: Fully connected Topology.
33. Bus topology is also known as Linear Topology.
34. Which topology consists of central node? STAR.
35. What is data packet?
 Data is transmitted in small block and it has some data bits.
36. Which cable used for broadband transmission (cable TV)? COAXIAL CABLE.
37. Most remote controls send the signals using: Infrared signal.
38. In wired communication high speed channel: Fibre optic cable.
39. In wireless communication high speed channel: Microwave.
40. In a hilly area the most appropriate wireless communication channel would be a
microwave.
41. What is IP address? [Logical Address]
 It stands for Internet Protocol Address.
 It is a unique identifying number assigned to every computer connected to the
internet.
 Two versions of IP address – IPv4 and IPv6. [4-byte,16-byte]
 It is used by TCP/IP Protocol.
42. What is MAC address?
 It is a physical address which is assigned to the NIC of a host computer.
 It is a 6-byte address.
43. Which transmission media carries signals in the form of light? Optical fiber.
44. Which type of network has the highest speed and covers largest area? LAN, WAN
45. What is RJ-45?
 It is an 8-wire connector.
 It is common used to connect computers on LAN network.
46. What is NIC?
 It is a computer hardware component that connects a computer to a network.
 It is also known as TAP, NIU, LAN adapter.
47. What is Hub? Other terms : [ Concentrator]
 It is a device that links multiple computers and devices together.
 It also is referred to as Repeaters.[Active Hub].
 It also used for connect segments of a LAN.
48. What is Repeater?
 It is a device that electrically amplifies the signal it receives and rebroadcasts it.
49. What is switch?
 It is a device which is used to segment networks into different subnets or LAN
segments.
50. What is Router?
 It is used to forward data from one network to another and it works like a
bridge but can handle different protocols.
51. Which is the first protocol for relaying IP Packets over dial-up lines? SLIP.
52. Two systems physically connect through a telephone line a connect exists : PPP
53. Protocols used in Email:
 SMTP – It is a push protocol. [Email send] – Used for sending mail.
 IMAP – It is a pop protocol. – It holds the email until the user actually deletes it.
 POP3 – It is also a pop protocol. – Downloaded mail from mailboxes
immediately removed.
 HTTP – Used for accessing mailbox. Also used to compose or retrieve emails
from email account such as Gmail, Hotmail etc.,
54. Which is the email protocol? HTTP.
55. Most commonly used to retrieve Emails [Email Clients] from a mail server is : POP3.
56. GSM: [Global System for Mobile Communication]
 It is a digital mobile network technology that widely used by mobile phone
users.
 It is the International standard digital cellular network.
57. Generation of Network:
 1G – Purely for voice calls only.
 2G – It offers voice calls, text messages and limited mobile network.
 2.5G – Uses GPRS [Send emails and large data]
 3G – It offers voice calls, multimedia messages.
 4G – It offers video based communication.
 4G technology also known as “MAGIC”.
 4G symbol – LTE – Long Term Evolution.
 5G is 40 to 100 times faster than 4G networks.
 5G download speed – 10 to 20 Gbps.
58. What is WiMAX?
 It stands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access.
 It is a telecommunication technology which is used to provide wireless data
over long distances in various ways.
59. What is WiFi?
 It stands for Wireless Fidelity.
 We can connect to the Internet without using direct line from PC to ISP.
60. What is Video-conferencing?
 Two way videophone conversation among multiple participants.
1. What is Database?
 Collection of interrelated data stored together to server multiple applications.
2. What is Data Redundancy?
 Duplication of data is known as Data Redundancy.
3. What is Data Inconsistency?
 Mismatched multiple copies of same data.
4. What is Data Dictionary?
It is a file that contains metadata that is data about data.
5. Row in a relation is referred as Tuple.
6. Column in a relation is referred as Attributes.
7. Total number of attributes in relation is called as Degree.
8. Total number of tuples in relation is called as Cardinality.
9. View is a virtual table derived from the other table.
10. A domain is a pool of values.
11. Record is a named collection of data items.
12. Primary key is a set of one or more attributes that can uniquely identify tuples within
a relation.
13. A non-key attribute, whose values are derived from the primary key of some other
table.
14. What is Null value?
 If a column in a row has no value, then column is said to be null.
15. Using is null we can search a null value in a column.
16. Order by clause is used to sort the records either in ascending or descending order.
17. What is constraint?
 It refers to condition. It applied to maintain data integrity.
18. Group by clause is used to divide the result is groups. It is used to combines all
those records that have identical value in a particular field.
19. A Join is a query that combines rows from two or more tables.
20. The Join in which columns are compared for equality is called ‘Equi-Join’.
21. The Join in which only one of the identical columns exists is called ‘Natural Join’.
22. A database cursor is a special type of control structure that provides row by row
processing of records in result set.
23. Which method is used for establishing database connection? Connect ( )
24. Which method is used to create cursor object? Cursor ( ).
25. Which method is executes the SQL query? Execute ( ).
1. What is Function?
 It is a subprogram that acts on data and returns a value.
2. What are the advantages of function?
 Reduce the program size.
 Induce the reusability of code.
3. Three types of functions.
 Built-in Function. [len( ), type ( ), int ( )]
 Function defined in Module. [ceil( ), floor ( )]
 User defined function. – Defined by the programmer.
4. Internally python gives a special name to top-level statements as _main_
5. In function, they are three types of formal parameters.
 Positional / Required / Mandatory Arguments.
 Default Arguments.
 Keyword Arguments/ Named Arguments.
6. Cannot change the order of positional arguments.
7. The default values are specified in the function header of function definition.
8. In any order we can pass keyword arguments.
9. Default return type of function is : None.
10. Part(s) of program within which a name is legal and accessible is called scope.
11. A name (variable) declared in top level segment of a program is said to have a global
scope.
12. A name (variable) declared in a function body is said to have local scope.
13. Python follows which rule to resolve the scope of a name (variable)? LEGB.
14. Global keyword – It allows the programmer to use a global variable in the local
environment. The keyword global is written inside the function to use its global
value.
15. Parameter associated with function call is called as: Actual Parameter.
16. Parameter associated with function header is called as: Formal Parameter.
17. The default values for parameters are considered only if no value is provided for that
parameter in the function call statement.
18. A python function may return multiple values.
19. A parameter having default value in the function header is known as Default
parameter.
20. Non-default arguments can be placed before or after a default argument in function
header.
1. What is STACK?
A stack is a linear data structure implemented in LIFO manner where insertion and
deletions takes place only at one end that is stack’s top.
2. LIFO stands for: Last in First Out.
3. When stack is full, tries to push an element into the stack that situation is called:
Overflow.
4. When stack is empty, tries to pop an element from the stack that situation is called:
Underflow.
5. Inspection the top-most element into the stack without removing it is called: Peek.
6. Default stack top is None.