API 510 Exam May 2021

Code Question and Answer Comm

1 ent
ASME Table UW-12 UW-12
VIII Maximum Allowable Joint Efficiencies for Welded Joints
Welding type 1 NO RT 0.70
2
4
 What the inspector look for when inspecting in the weld and HAZ?

- hydrogen cracking
Not Sure
API 571 & 577
5

Figure UCS-66
Impact Test Exemption Curves
2 oF
6

7
8
9

10
 The qualification of NDE personnel, the qualification shall be in accordance with T-120
their employer’s written practice which shall be in accordance with one

- SNT-TC-1A
- ANSI/ASNT CP-189

11
API When can preheat be used in liue of PWHT
12 510
API Is the inspection deferal accepted for a pressure vessel with a known
510 corrosion in the linner or clading?

Defferal should be rejected

13 Not Sure
API ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section for Nondestructive
510 Examination

14 ASME BPVC.V
API Conflict between ASME & API 510 for in service which one should follow?
510
Follow API 510
15
API 15 Question Corrosion rate, remaining life & Inspection intervals 0
510 Gener
16 al
API Vessels not covered in API 510 Scope. 1.1.1
510
17 Pressure less than 15 PSI
API 1.1.2 Intent 1.1.2
510 The intent of this code is to specify the in-service inspection and condition-
monitoring program that is needed to determine the integrity of pressure
vessels and pressure-relieving devices. The program should provide
reasonably accurate and timely assessments to determine if any changes in
the condition of pressure equipment could compromise continued safe
operation. The owner/users shall respond to any inspection results that require
corrective actions to assure the continued safe operation of pressure vessels
18 and pressure-relieving devices.
API As determined by the owner/user some vessels exempted in accordance with 1.2.2
510 the criteria in ASME Code, Section VIII, Division 1 should be considered for
inclusion based on?

An example of such vessels might be vacuum flashers in refining service or

19 other large vessels operating in vacuum service.
API Which API recommended practice for material verification 2
20 510 (API 578)
API Which API recommended practice for Steels for Hydrogen Service at Elevated 2
510 Temperatures and Pressures Norma
21 (API 941) tive
 Refere
nce
API Which action considered alteration? 3.1.1
22 510 Reinforced pipe in shell & head
API Inspector Accept and reject welds based on 3.1.15
510 -Imperfection
- discontinuities
-Flaws
-Defects

defect
An imperfection whose type or size exceeds the applicable acceptance criteria
and is therefore rejectable.

API 577 3.1.19

defect
A discontinuity or discontinuities that by nature or accumulated effect render a
part or product unable to meet minimum applicable acceptance standards or
23 specifications (e.g. total crack length). The term designates rejectability.
API A documented work process using risk assessment to do inspection beyond its 3.1.16
510 due date for a specific period

25 Deferral
API 3.1.16
26 510
API 3.1.41 3.1.41
510 major repair
Any work not considered an alteration that removes and replaces a major part
of the pressure boundary other than a nozzle (e.g. replacing part of the shell or
replacing a vessel head). If any of the restorative work results in a change to
the design temperature, minimum allowable temperature (MAT), or maximum
allowable working pressure (MAWP), the work shall be considered an
27 alteration and the requirements for rerating shall be satisfied.
API Who is the pressure vessel engineer? 3.1.57
510
3.1.57
pressure vessel engineer
A person acceptable to the owner/user who is knowledgeable and experienced
in the engineering disciplines associated with evaluating mechanical and
material characteristics that affect the integrity and reliability of pressure
vessels. The pressure vessel engineer, by consulting with appropriate
specialists, should be regarded as a composite of all entities needed to
properly assess the technical requirements. Wherever the term “engineer” is
28 used in this code, it refers to a pressure vessel engineer.
API What is quality assurance 3.1.59
510 QA

29
API Repair Organization all Except: 3.1.62
510 - owner shop
- contractor selected by owner
- ASME U stamp
30 - ASME VR stamp
 API risk-based inspection 3.1.65
510 RBI based on?
31 (probability and consequence of failure).
API Required vessel thickness? 3.1.9
510 Thickness values in calculations without corrosion allowance.

corrosion allowance
Additional material thickness available to allow for metal loss during the service
32 life of the vessel component.
API Visual examination test for inspectors - Answer every 12 months 4.1.2
33 510
API Best way to measure thickness? 5
510 -MT
-PT
-SWUT
-UT
Cant use SWUT for Thickness measurement.
34
Best way to inspect surface-breaking crack?
- UT
- MT
- ACFM
- RT
General MT, after repair UT, high tempreture ACFM.
API 5.1.3 Minimum Contents of an Inspection Plan 5.1.3
510

35
API Accessible flange faces should be examined for distortion and to determine the 5.11.2
510 condition of?

36 Gasket-seating surfaces
API 5.3.3 Communication 5.3.3
510
Before starting any vessel inspection and maintenance activities (e.g. NDE,
pressure testing, repair, or alteration), personnel should obtain permission to
work in the vicinity (internal or external) from

37 - Operating personnel responsible

 API For carbon and low alloy steels inspection for CUI shall be considered for 5.5.6.1
510 externally insulated vessels and those that are in intermittent service or
operate at temperatures between
38 10 °F (–12 °C) and 350 °F (177 °C)
API Insulation Removal 5.5.6.3
510 Shall the insulation removed to inspect CUI?
If external coverings are in good condition and there is no reason to suspect
damage behind them, it is not necessary to remove them for inspection of the
39 vessel.
API What the inspector should do before CMLs eliminated or the number 5.6.3.2
510 significantly reduced?

40 Consulted a corrosion specialist

API Which NDE method is best for localized corrosion “Pitting”: 5.7.2.2
510
- scanning examination
- MT
- PT
- visual

Scanning examination = UT & RT profile

42 localized corrosion = “Pitting”:
API At what metal temperatures UT corrective procedures should be utilized. 5.7.2.3
510 (typically above 150 °F [65 °C])

43
API When to Perform a Pressure Test 5.8.2.1
510 applied if the inspector believes that one is necessary and specifies it in the
repair plan.
44
API When performing a pressure test a concern should be given to 5.8.6
510 supporting structure

5.8.6 Pneumatic Pressure Tests

Pneumatic testing (including combined hydropneumatic) may be used when
hydrostatic testing is impracticable because of limited supporting structure or
45 foundation, refractory linings, or process reasons.
API Test Temperature and Brittle Fracture Considerations 5.8.7.2
510 To minimize the risk of brittle fracture during a pressure test, the metal
temperature should be maintained at for vessels that have a thickness of 2 in.
(5 cm) or less

10 °F (6 °C) above the MDMT or MAT

46
API 5.9.1
510 When a pressure vessel fails as a result of faulty material what the inspector
should?

47 100 % verification checking, 100 % positive material identification (PMI),

API THE TARGET From New Vessel Inspection? 6.2.1.2
510 The vessel is safe for operation.
6.2.1.2 Internal field inspection of new vessels is not required provided
appropriate documentation (e.g. manufacturer’s data reports) assures that the
48 vessels comply with the specified design and specification requirements.
 API 6.3.2 When a RBI interval for the internal or on-stream inspection exceeds the 6.3.2
510 10-year limit, the RBI assessment shall be reviewed and approved by the
engineer and inspector at intervals?

Not to exceed 10 years or more often if warranted by process, equipment, or

49 consequence changes.
API Multizone Vessels 6.5.3
510 For a large vessel with two or more zones of differing corrosion rates, when
determining the inspection intervals or for substituting the internal inspection
with an on-stream inspection.

Each zone may be treated independently.

Each zone shall be inspected based on the interval for that zone.
50
API Inspection intervals for pressure-relieving devices in typical process services 6.6.3.2
510 should not exceed.

51 b) 10 years for clean (nonfouling) and noncorrosive services.

API Given T acual and need the Remaining Life, 7
52 510 Must calculat T required
API 7.4.2 Evaluation of Locally Thinned Areas 7.4.2
510 7.4.2.1 For a corroded area of considerable size the wall thicknesses may be
averaged over a length not exceeding the following:
— for vessels with inside diameters less than or equal to 60 in. (150 cm), one-
half the vessel diameter or 20 in.(50 cm), whichever is less;
— for vessels with inside diameters greater than 60 in. (150 cm), one-third the
53 vessel diameter or 40 in. (100 cm), whichever is less.
API 7.4.2.4 When performing thickness averaging near structural discontinuities 7.4.2.4
510 (e.g. a nozzle, conical section transition, and flange connection), the limits for
thickness averaging shall be considered separately for the reinforcement
window area (or other area of high local stress) and the area outside/adjacent
54 to the reinforcement window (or other area of high local stress).
API 7.4.3 Evaluation of Pitting 7.4.3
510 Select two
- the total area of the pitting that is deeper than the corrosion allowance
does not exceed 7 in.2 (45 cm2) within any 8-in. (20-cm) diameter
circle,
- the sum of the pit dimensions that is deeper than the corrosion
allowance along any straight 8-in. (20-cm) line does not exceed 2 in. (5
cm).
- DO NOT SELECT THE SUM OF DIAMETER

55
API 7.4.5 Joint Efficiency Adjustments 7.4.5
510 Corresion on vessel more that 1in away from weld what is the Joint
Efficiency Adjustments

1
56
 API 7.7 Evaluation of Existing Equipment with Minimal Documentation 7.7
510 Joint efficiency for no nameplate vessel?
use joint efficiency of 0.7 for Type No. (1)
and 0.65 for Type No. (2) butt welds
and 0.85 for seamless shells, heads, and nozzles or consider

57
API Who approve the Repair? 8.1.1
510 inspector or engineer.

59
API Fillet-Welded Patch 8.1.6.1
510 Distance between two fillet-welded patch .2.3

60
API 8.1.6.1.3 Lap Band Repairs 8.1.6.1
510 Can inspector accept Lap Band Repairs using band material inappropriate if .3
contacting the fluid?
-Not accepted
63
 h) The band material and weld metal are suitable for contact with the contained
fluid at the design conditions and an appropriate corrosion allowance is
provided in the band.

API Can we use cap as permenant repair? 8.1.6.1

510 Nonpenetrating nozzles (including pipe caps attached as nozzles) may be .4
used as permanent repairs for other than cracks

64
API Filler Metal Strength for Overlay and Repairs to Existing Welds 8.1.6.3
510 Given Material thickness 1.125” filler metal E6010 is used that has a minimum .2
specified tensile strength lower than the minimum specified
tensile strength of the base metal
The thickness of the repair

67
API 8.1.6.4
510 .3

68
API 8.1.6.4
510 .4

69
API 8.1.7.3 Preheating 8.1.7.3
510 Pre heat must be according to?
- WPS and Applicable code

70
API Local PWHT may be substituted for 360° banding on local repairs on all 8.1.7.4
510 materials, provided that the following precautions are taken and requirements .2
are met.

c) A preheat of 300 °F (150 °C) or higher, as specified by specific welding

71 procedures, is maintained during welding.
API The owner wants to increase the operation tempreture by 100 degree what 8.2
510 we should do?
Rerating
72 Calculations performed.
 API A rerating shall be performed in accordance with the requirements of which 8.2.1
510 code?
The vessel’s construction code.

73
API Who is responsible for rerating calculation? 8.2.1
510
a) Calculations performed by either the manufacturer or an owner/user
engineer (or his/her designated representative) experienced in pressure vessel
74 design, fabrication, or inspection shall justify rerating.
API Pressure Vessel not cover by API 510 Code Exemptions? Annex
75 510 i) a heat input of 200,000 Btu/hr (211 × 108 J/hr), A
API 2-3 questions on caustic corrosion
76 571
API 2-3 questions on caustic corrosion
77 571
API Which DM affect API 571 Deaerators. 3.21.4
571 Corrosion Fatigue

78
API Appearance or Morphology of Damage like in the form of grooves, gullies, 3.27.5
571 waves, rounded holes, valleys, or simply a greater amount of thinning in a
localized area such as the outer radius of a piping elbow.

79 Erosion/Erosion-Corrosion
API amine stress corrosion cracking is most often found : 3.3.1
571
- SS ( Non-PWHT )
- Stainless Steel ( with PWHT )
- Carbon steel ( Non-PWHT )
80 - Carbon steel ( With PWHT )
 API What temperature does Hydrochloric acid occur at? 3.37
81 571 dew point temperature
API 3.36 High-temperature Hydrogen Attack / 3.37 Hydrochloric Acid 3.37
571 Corrosion / 3.38 Hydrofluoric Acid Corrosion

Blistering may also occur at the fluid level

82
API ENDURANCE LIMITS, Mechanical Fatigue (Including Vibration-induced 3.43
571 Fatigue)

83
API 3.61 Sulfidation 3.61
571 3.61.5 Appearance or Morphology of Damage
a) Depending on service conditions, corrosion is most often in the form of
uniform thinning but can also occur as localized corrosion or high-velocity
erosion-corrosion damage. (Figure 3-61-3 to Figure 3-61-7)
b) While generally having a uniform thinning morphology, the amount of
thinning can vary at different locations in the system or at different locations
along the length of a piping run. The difference in the degree of thinning
between low-Si (<0.10 % Si) pipe and higher-Si (≥0.10 Si) pipe in the same
system can be large, with a marked step change in remaining wall thickness at
the transition. See Figure 3-61-4 and Figure 3-61-5.
c) A sulfide scale will usually cover the surface of components. Deposits may
be thick or thin depending on the alloy, corrosiveness of the stream, and fluid
84 flow regime and velocity.
API In which type of Wet H2S Damage Sulfur acts as a recombination poison? 3.67.1
571 - Hydrogen Blistering
- Hydrogen-induced Cracking (HIC)
- Stress-oriented Hydrogen-induced Cracking (SOHIC)
85 - Sulfide Stress Cracking (SCC)
API 3.8 Atmospheric Corrosion temperature up to? 3.8
571
250 OF

86
 API Best Corrosion Resistance alloying metal Open
571
- Chrom & Mo
- Nickel & Cr
- Carbon & Chrom

87
API Advantage of IRIS than electromagnetic?
572 Provide the most quantitative information.
Can identify flaws are on the internal or external surface.

88 Internal rotary inspection system (IRIS)

API Crevice corrosion may exist around the heads of bolts and nuts, The condition 9.3.2
572 of most parts can be determined by?
- RT
- hammer
- remove rust by wire brush
- visual
89
API If inspector notice corrosion under refractory? 9.4.9
572 UT thickness scanning may be made from the external

Refractory linings may spall or crack in service with or without causing any
significant problems. Corrosion beneath refractory linings can result in
separation and bulging of the refractory. If bulging or separation of the
refractory lining is detected, then portions of the refractory may be removed to
permit inspection of the metal beneath the refractory.
Alternatively, UT thickness scanning may be made from the external metal
surface. Thermography may also be useful in detecting refractory or lining
damage.
90
API PRV sent to shop for overhaul when pressure tested after maintenance the
576 initial pressure found higher than the set pressure, what action the inspector
should do?

- accept test
- retest
- do maintenance then retest
91
API Pop pressure & relief valve 6.2.9.2
92 576
 API Pilot-operated pressure-relief valve are generally used? 4.4
576

93
API 6.2.6 Initial Inspection 6.2.6
576 When receiving PSV from acid emviroment the first thing to do?
carefully adhering to rigorous handling
procedures prior to pre-pop testing
Immediately Neutralized / review the material data sheet

94
API When PSV considered stuck? 6.2.9.1
576 Pressure-relief valves that do not pop at inlet pressures of 150 % of CDTP
95 should be considered as stuck shut.
 API PSV Inspection interval consideration 9.1
576 Operating conditions and environments

96
API Spring primary fail with corrosion? Page
576 5.3 Failed Springs 35
5.3.1 General
Spring failures occur in two forms. The first is a weakening of the spring, which
causes a reduction in set pressure and the possibility of premature opening.
The second is a mechanical failure (complete break) of the spring, which
causes uncontrolled valve opening.

Although springs may weaken and fail due to the use of improper materials in
high-temperature service, failed springs are almost always caused by
corrosion. Surface corrosion and stress corrosion cracking are the most
prevalent of this type of failure in refineries.
97
API Nickel based alloys, how much is the percentage of nickel 2
571 10.10.3 Nickel Alloys
30% nickel
98
API 2-3 questions on eddy current
577

99
 API The ability of a metal to absorb energy and deform plastically before fracturing. 10.4.5
101 577 Toughness
API Detecting laminations 9.4
102 577 UT
API For the Brinell Hardness Limits for Steels in Refining Services match the Open
577 correct Brinell Value with Base Metal.
Carbon Steel 200 BHN

103
API 9.5 Alternating Current Field Measurement (ACFM) Page
577 The ACFM technique is an electromagnetic non-contacting technique that is 64
able to detect and size surface breaking defects in a range of different
materials and through coatings of varying thickness. This technique can be
used for inspecting complex geometries such as nozzles, ring-grooves, and
grind-out areas. It requires minimal surface preparation and can be used at
elevated temperatures up to 900 °F (482 °C). However, it is less sensitive and
more prone to operator errors than WFMT. ACFM is used for the evaluation
104 and monitoring of existing cracks.
API Who is responsible for the PMI qualifications of the person performing the test, 6.4
578 including training and experience
105 Should be submitted for review and approval by the owner/user.
ASME Lowest accepted value for tension test?
IX Bring the value from table 422
Then compare with the acceptance criteria in table 1
Notice 5% less under the table.
106
ASME Lowest accepted value for bend test?
IX Crack 3mm
 ASME QW-170 TOUGHNESS TESTS
IX

Back to ASME VIII

ASME The welder is qulified to do the overhead posision weld can he do the MT
IX No requirment for MT posision.
107 NO
ASME Given PWS & PQR for SMW and GMW asking what change in essential valuables
IX may require new WPS & PQR?
-electrode diameter
-AWS Classification SMAW
- AWS Classification GTAW
- Filler meter
- Rod Chemical composition
108
ASME Witch electrodes needs more baking. Open
IX
- E7018
- E6010
- E6017
- E9010
109
ASME
110 V
111 ASME V
ASME V T-262 DENSITOMETER AND STEP WEDGE
COMPARISON FILM
Densitometers shall be calibrated?
112 A national standard step
 ASME T-772 DIRECTION OF MAGNETIZATION T-772
V

113
ASME Maximum Difference in temperature between plate and pressure vessel? 160
V 25 oF

calibration is required?
For contact examination, the
temperature differential between the calibration block
and examination surfaces shall be within 25°F (14°C).
114
ASME Who is responsible for UT Equipment Calibration? 160
V Code User (manufacturer, fabricator or installer

115
ASME 232
V

116
 ASME 233
V

117
ASME Ug Maximum 274
V

118
ASME T-276 IQI SELECTION 276
V Given Vessel Thickness and need to select IQI

119
ASME What is the main depend for IQI? 276
120 V - base metal thickness
ASME Which thickness will be considered in the IQI 276
V - reinforcement
- Base metal
- back strip
- lining

121 Note: do not select lining and back strip

 ASME T-282 RADIOGRAPHIC DENSITY 282
V The density of the radiograph from the density through the body of the designated
hole-type IQI adjacent to the essential hole or adjacent to the essential wire of a wire-
type IQI anywhere through the area of interest shall not?

(1) vary by more than minus 15% or plus 30%

122
ASME When to reject RT? 284
V Bright B
T-284 EXCESSIVE BACKSCATTER
If a light image of the “B,” as described in T-223, appears on a darker background of
the radiograph, protection from backscatter is insufficient and the radiograph shall
be considered unacceptable. A dark image of the “B” on a lighter background is not
cause for rejection.
123
ASME T-761 FREQUENCY OF CALIBRATION YOKE TECHNIQUE 761
V Tolerance. The unit’s meter reading shall not deviate
by more than ±10% of full scale, relative to the actual
current value as shown by the test meter.
Perpendicular Magnetic field on indication

124
ASME
V Direction of Magnetization:
Perpendicular
 ASME T-282 RADIOGRAPHIC DENSITY T-282
V
X-ray 1.8 –4.0
gamma ray 2.0-4.0

125
ASME Impact Test thickness 1.25” Carve C
129 XIII Obligated heat treatment “code obligation”
ASME Two Question Thickness Calculation Head Ellipsoidal
130 XIII
ASME Two Question Thickness Calculation shell cylindrical
131 XIII
ASME UG-102 TEST GAGES UD
XIII (b) Dial indicating pressure gages used in testing shall be graduated over a range of 102
about double the intended maximum test pressure, but in no case shall the range be
less than 11/2 nor more than 4 times that pressure. Digital reading pressure gages
having a wider range of pressure may be used, provided the readings give the same or
132 greater degree of accuracy as obtained with dial pressure gages.
ASME UG-100 PNEUMATIC TEST36 (SEE UW-50) UG-
XIII 100F
Pneumatic test pressure equal to 1.1 MAWP

multiplied by the lowest stress ratio (LSR)

Why PNEUMATIC TEST

1- Damage insulation
2- Weight to support
3- Water damage process

Stages of PNEUMATIC TEST

6 Stages
1- 50% Testing Pressure
2- Add 10% = 60% Testing Pressure
3- Add 10% = 70% Testing Pressure
133 4- Add 10% = 80% Testing Pressure
 5- Add 10% = 90% Testing Pressure
6- Add 10% = 100% Testing Pressure

ASME PWHT UG-40

XIII Heating the vessel in more than one heat in a furnace,
provided the overlap of the heated sections of the
vessel is at least 5 ft (1.5 m).
134
ASME Impact test acceptance criteria.
XIII
(1) Each set of impact test specimens shall consist of
three specimens.
Average above the value in the table and each reading more than 2/3.