Innovative

switching and control

LOGO! 8 in details part 1 of 3
Installation and overview of the functions blocks

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LOGO! in detail slides overview

The LOGO! in detail slides are split up in three different parts

▪ LOGO! in detail part 1

Installation and overview of the function blocks

▪ LOGO! in detail part 2

Usage at the device and handling of the software

▪ LOGO! in detail part 3

Tasks and features

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LOGO!
Innovative switching & control … in detail

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LOGO! in detail overview
Installation and wiring
▪ Hardware assembly
▪ Connecting power supply
▪ Connecting inputs and outputs
▪ Switch-on behavior
Integrated functions
▪ Basic functions
▪ Special functions
Operation device
▪ Control for operation
▪ First program
▪ LOGO! in run mode
▪ Configuring LOGO!
LOGO! Soft Comfort V8.0
▪ Help functions
▪ Realizing typical tasks step by step
▪ Modem wizard
▪ Other options
Application example
▪ Control of bottle filling conveyor

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Installation and wiring

L1
K2

I: 1/9
0123456789 Sensors
10+ 0123456789
20+ 01234

K2
N

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LOGO! 8 hardware structure

8 Inputs Power supply connectors for expansion modules interface

Power supply connectors 4 Inputs

Micro-SD
Card-Slot
Slider switch for bus
connections
Display with
3 selectable
colors

Hello world! LED RUN/STOP

LED LAN

4 Outputs

Ethernet-
connection 4 Outputs

Maximum Configuration: 24 digital inputs + 8 analog inputs

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LOGO! wiring
How to connect the power supply to LOGO!:

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Connection LOGO! inputs
Connect sensors to the inputs.
Sensors may be:

▪ pushbuttons, switches, photoelectric barriers, etc.

▪ temperature, pressure or ultrasound sensors (Beros) etc., with 0...10V outputs directly at 4 analog inputs of the LOGO! 12/24 RCE or LOGO! 24CE basic devices
or the analog module AM2

▪ or the appropriate sensor with current output 0...20mA/4...20mA to the inputs of the analog module AM2

▪ or connect up to 2 temperature sensors PT100 or PT1000 to AM2 RTD in 2 or 3 wire connection technology

LOGO! 230 ... LOGO! 12/24 ...

The inputs of these devices are

The inputs of these devices are non–isolated With 2-wire connections no correction of the
grouped into 2 blocks of 4 each. You
can use a different phase for each and therefore require the same reference impedance of the measurement line occurs.
block. The 3 phase needs an expansion potential (ground) as the power supply. 3-wire connection suppresses this influence.
module

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Connection LOGO! outputs

LOGO! with
transistor outputs

You can connect

different loads to the
outputs, e.g.:

◼ lights
◼ motors
◼ switches
◼ etc. ...

LOGO! with
relay outputs

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 Connection LOGO! outputs

LOGO! with
analog outputs

You can connect different devices to analog

outputs, e.g.:
Warning!
◼ frequency converter to control drives Analog outputs cannot be
loaded! The max. load of
◼ other devices with high impedance analog analog outputs is 0.2 mA.
inputs

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 Connecting LOGO! TD text display

Unipolar power supply connector

12V DC, 24V AC/DC
Recommended protection: 0,5 A

Ethernet-
interfaces

LOGO! ..0BA8 basic module

Functions keys

Standard LOGO! keys

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LOGO! behavior when switched on depends on:
◼ whether a program is stored in the internal LOGO! memory
or
◼ whether a Micro SD card is connected

Micro SD-Card slot

Error:
No program on Micro
Empty program
SD-Card and no
program in internal
memory
Warning!
If there is a program on the Micro SD-card, it
is automatically copied to the internal LOGO!
memory when switching on . Any program in
Start the internal LOGO! memory is overwritten.
Program
Setup Program on Micro SD-card or
Network in internal memory
Diagnostics
Card

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LOGO! reaction when switched on depends on:

◼ in which state LOGO! was prior to POWER–OFF

Prior to power-off After power-on: menu

Start
In editing mode or Program
Setup
menu in stop status Network
Diagnostics
Card

Prior to power-off After power-on: showing the input status

In RUN time showing I: 1/9 I: 1/9

123456789 123456789
the input status 10+ 0123456789 10+ 0123456789
20+ 01234 20+ 01234

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 Connectors (CO)

Digital I/O Digital/ analog flags Miscellaneous

I1 – I24 Q1 - Q20 M1 – M64 AM1 – AM64 LOGO! TDE Function Keys
special digital I/O Special flags F1
I1 AI3 * Initialization flag …
M8 (In the first cycle = 1)
I2 AI4 * F4
Switching of the character set in
I3 M27 the message text LOGO! Cursor Keys

I4 Allows up to 5kHz M25 LOGO! displays white backlight ►

switching-frequency on
I5 DC powered options M26 LOGO! TDE white backlight ◄
I6 M28 LOGO! displays amber backlight ▲
I7 AI1 * M29 LOGO! displays red backlight ▼
I8 AI2 * M30 LOGO! TDE amber backlight Signal status
* Adjustment of the number of AI in hi “1”
LOGO! Soft Comfort
M31 LOGO! TDE red backlight
File → Properties → I/O settings lo “0”
Analog I/O Open connector for
formal closing
AI1 – AI8 AQ1 – AQ8
4 shift register each 8 bit
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LOGO! Basic functions (BF)

AND NOT NOR AND

Series connection Inverter Series connection With edge evaluation
NO contact NC contact (pos. Edge)

OR NAND XOR NAND

Parallel connection Parallel connection Dual changeover With edge evaluation
NO contact NC contact contact (neg. edge)

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AND function

A look at the circuit diagram shows that the light H1 is only on when S1 and S2 and S3 are closed. Input and output
states are dependent on each other. S1
The circuit to the right is called AND logic.
In words contact S1 and S2 and S3 have to be closed for the light to burn. S2
Symbol for this connection is .
S3

H1

AND Series circuit normally

open contact
S1 &
S2 H1
S3 Logic table for AND block:
x
Input 1 Input 2 Input 3 Output

0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0
Output of the AND function is 1 only when all inputs are 1.
0 1 0 0
If one input pin of this block is not connected, the internal status is 0 1 1 0
automatically 1.
1 0 0 0
1 0 1 0
1 1 0 0
1 1 1 1

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OR function

To turn the lamp H2 on, the contact S1 or S2 or S3 have to be closed. The dependence of output states from
inputs states is called OR logic.
S1 S2 S3
In words at least one of the contacts S1 or S2 or S3 have to be closed for the lamp H2 to light up.
Symbol for this connection is .

H2

Parallel circuit normally

OR open contact
S1 >
S2 H2
S3
x Logic table for OR block:

Input 1 Input 2 Input 3 Output

0 0 0 0
0 0 1 1
Output of the OR function is 1, when at least one input is 1.
0 1 0 1
If one input pin of this block is not connected, the internal status
0 1 1 1
is automatically 0.
1 0 0 1
1 0 1 1
1 1 0 1
1 1 1 1

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AND with edge triggering

S1

Electro mechanical counter

S2
0 6 1 5
S3

H2

Pulse length of one cycle

AND with edge triggering
Output of AND with edge triggering is 1, only when all inputs are 1 and in the previous
S1 & cycle at least one input was 0. If one input pin of this block is not connected, the
S2
H2 internal status is automatically 1.
S3
x

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NAND (not-AND) function

A look at the circuit diagram shows that the light H2 is not on, only when all contacts are switched. The
circuit to the right is called NAND logic.
S1 S2 S3
In words S1 and S2 and S3 have to be switched for the light H2 not to burn.
Symbol for this connection is .

H2

Parallel circuit normally

closed contact
NAND
S1 &
S2 H2 Logic table for NAND block:
S3
x
Eingang 1 Eingang 2 Eingang 3 Ausgang

0 0 0 1
0 0 1 1
Output of NAND is 0, only when all inputs are 1. 0 1 0 1
If one input pin of this block is not connected, the internal status is 0 1 1 1
automatically 1. 1 0 0 1
1 0 1 1
1 1 0 1
1 1 1 0
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NAND (not-AND) with edge triggering

0 6 1 5
S1 S3 S3

H2

Electro mechanical counter

Pulse length of one cycle

NAND with edge triggering

Output of NAND with edge triggering is 1, only when at least one input is 0 and in the
S1 & previous cycle all inputs were 1.
S2 H2
S3 If one input pin of this block is not connected, the internal status is automatically 1.
x

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NOR (not-OR) function

S1
A look at the circuit diagram shows that the light H1 is only on, when the normally closed contact S1 and S2
and S3 are not switched.
S2
The circuit to the right is called NOR logic. In words when S1 or S2 or S3 are switched, the light is not on.
Symbol for this connection is .
S3

H1
NOR
S1 >1 Series circuit normally
S2
H1
closed contact
S3
x Logic table for NOR block:

Input 1 Input 2 Input 3 Output

0 0 0 1
0 0 1 0
Output of NAND is 1, only when all inputs are 0. As soon as any input 0 1 0 0
is switched (status 1), the output is switched off. If one input pin of
this block is not connected, the internal status is automatically 0. 0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0
1 0 1 0
1 1 0 0
1 1 1 0

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XOR function

S1

A look at the circuit diagram shows that the light H1 is only on, when only one of either S1 or S2 is switched.
This circuit is called XOR logic. In words when either contact S1 or contact S2 are switched, the light is on. S2
Symbol for this connection is .

H1

XOR
S1 =1
H1
S2

Logic table for XOR block:

Input 1 Input 2 Output

Output of XOR is 1, when inputs have different states.
0 0 0
If one input pin of this block is not connected, the internal status is
automatically 0. 0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0

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NOT function

A look at the circuit diagram shows that the light H1 is only on, when the switch S1 is not switched.
S1
This circuit is called NOT logic. Symbol for this connection is .

K1
Output is 1, when the input is 0, i.e. NOT inverts the status at the input.
The advantage of NOT is for instance: You will not need a normally closed contact any more for LOGO!.
You can use a normally open contact and change it with NOT to a normally closed contact. If the input pin
of this block is not connected, the status is automatically 1. H1

Logic table for NOT block: NOT

Input 1 Output
1
0 1
S1 H1
1 0
1 3

BUT… there is a much easier way!

!
It´s possible to negate connectors by choosing “invert connector” on the window which appears
after a right mouse click on a connector.
(Or double click with the left mouse key)
For an example have a look at the AND-Block on the right.
2
The NOT function has to be used in front of flags and outputs .

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Special functions - overview

Wiping Edge-triggered Asynchro. Staircase

ON delay OFF delay ON/OFF Retentive relay /Pulse Pulse Random Convenience
delay ON delay wiping relay generator lighting switch
output generator switch

Weekly Yearly Up and Operating Analog- Analog Analog Analog

Frequency Analog difference value
timer timer down timer hours meter trigger comparator trigger
switch amplifier trigger information
switch

Pulse Message Soft key Shift Ramp Analog

Latching PI control multiplexer Mean Max/Min
relay relay texts register Panel functions
(MUX)

Pulse duration
Analog modulator (PWM) Error Arithmetic Stop Astronomical Annual Float/Integer- Integer/Float- Data Log
filter detection instruction watch clock time switch Converter Converter

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Timer – On-delay

S1 K1
A look at the circuit diagram shows that the motor only starts after expiry of the delay time.
This function is called On-delay.
In words the motor will be switch on with a programmed ON delay time. Symbol for this function is .
K1 M

Description of the function:

With 0 to 1 transition of input Trg the timer starts. If the status of input Trg is 1 for long enough, the output is set to 1 on expiration of the time T. The
output follows the input with on delay. The output is reset to 0 when the status at input Trg is 0.
If the status of input Trg changes to 0 before the time T has expired, the time is reset. The time elapsed is reset after a power failure.

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Timer – Off-delay

S1 K1
A look at the circuit diagram shows that the motor only stops after expiry of the delay time.
This function is called Off-delay.
In words the motor will be switch off with a programmed OFF delay time. Symbol for this function is .
K1 M

Description of the function:

When the input Trg is 1, the output Q is switched instantaneously to 1. When the status of Trg changes from 1 to 0, the timer will be activated. The
output remains set. When the timer reaches the configured value (Ta=T), output Q is reset to 0. When input Trg is switched on and off again, the time
Ta restarts. Input R (Reset) is used to reset the time Ta and the output before Ta has expired.

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Timer – On-/Off-delay
A look at the circuit diagram shows that:
◼ when S1 is closed, contact K1 closes with a delay time and the motor runs. S1 K1 K2
◼ when S1 is opened, contact K2 opens with a delay time and the motor stops.

This function is called On-/Off-delay. In words the motor is switched on and off with a programmed delay
time.
Symbol for this function is .
K1 K2 M

Description of the function:

The time TH starts after a 0 to 1 transition at input Trg. If the status at input Trg is 1 for the duration of the time TH, the output is set to 1 on expiration of the time
TH. (the output follows the input on delayed).
When the status at input returns to 0, TL starts. If the status at input Trg is 0 for the duration of time TL, the output is set to 0 on expiration of the time TL.

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Timer – Retentive On-delay

S1 K1 K1 K2
A look at the circuit diagram shows that the motor M starts delayed after pressing the pushbutton S1.
Pushbutton S2 (n.c. contact) stops the motor again. S2
This function is called retentive On-delay. Symbol for this connection is .
K1 K2 M

Description of the function:

The current time Ta starts with a 0 to 1 transition at input Trg. Output Q is set to 1 when Ta reaches the time T. The output Q is only reset to 0 when the status
at input R is 1. Further switching actions at input Trg have no influence on output Q.

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Timer – Wiping relay (pulse output)

A look at the circuit diagram shows that the light H1 is only on, when the switch S1 is closed, but only as
long as the set time at timer T1.
Symbol for this connection is .

S1

T1

T1 H1

Description of the function:

A 0 to 1 transition at input Trg sets the output, and triggers a time Ta during which the output
remains set. LOGO! resets output Q to lo (pulse output) when Ta reaches the value preset at T (Ta = T).
LOGO! sets the output immediately if there is a 1 to 0 transition at input Trg before the specified time
expires.
If the block is retentive, LOGO! resets output Q and the expired time to the values before a
power failure; if the block is not retentive, LOGO! resets output Q and the expired time to
defaults after a power failure.

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Timer – Edge triggered wiping relay

A look at the circuit diagram shows that the light H1 remains on for the time specified on the timer T1 S1 T1
when the switch S1 is closed.
Symbol for this connection is .
T1

T1 H1

Description of the function:

A 0 to 1 transition at input Trg triggers the time TL (Time Low). After the time TL has expired, output Q is set for the duration of TH (Time High).
If there is a further 0 to 1 transition (retriggering pulse) at input Trg before the preset time (TL + TH) has expired, Ta is reset and the pulse/pause
cycle has restarted.
If the block is retentive, LOGO! resets output Q and the expired time to the values before a power failure; if the block is not retentive, LOGO! resets
output Q and the expired time to defaults after a power failure.

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Timer – Weekly timer

The output is controlled via a specified on–/ off–time for any week day. The function supports any
combination of weekdays. Active weekdays have to be selected .
For activating On Time and OFF Time the disabled button has to be deselected.

Monday

Wednesday

Description of the function:

Every weekly timer has three cams. You can configure a time hysteresis for each cam. Within the cam
setting you specify the on/off times. If you enable “pulse output”, the timer will be reset after one
cycle. “Pulse output” applies to all three cams.

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Timer – Yearly timer

Description of the function:

Every yearly timer has an on- and off-timer. At the specified on-time the yearly timer switches on the output. At the specified off–
time the yearly timer switches off the output. The off–date specifies the day/year on which the output is reset to 0 again.
By selecting the option field
▪ “Monthly”, the timer switches on or off at a specified day each month
▪ “Yearly”, the timer switches on or off each year at a specified month and day
▪ “Pulse”, the timer output switches on at the specified On Time for one cycle. Then it is reset.

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

On 05.10 Off 10.20

During a running simulation

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Timer – Asynchronous pulse generator

Diagram:
The pulse profile of the output can be customized via pulse/ pause ratio.
Symbol for this function is .

Pulse period / pause width

Description of the function:

In the parameters you can adjust the pulse period and the pause width. With input INV you can also invert the output. You can customized the time
period in seconds, minutes or hours. The time basis of both parameters can be set independently. The input block INV immediately negates the
output only if it is enabled via EN.

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Timer – Random generator

With a random generator the output is switched on and off again within a
specified time.
Symbol for this function is .
Diagram:

En

max. ON delay / max. OFF delay

Description of the function:

With a 0 to 1 transition of the input En a random time e.g. between 0 and 10 seconds is started. The output is set to 1 on expiration of the on delay
time, if the input En is 1 at least for the duration of the on delay time. The time is reset if the status at input En returns to 0 before the on delay time
has expired. When the input En changes from 1 to 0, a random off delay time between 0 and e.g. 15 seconds is started. The time is reset if the status
at input En returns to 1 before the on delay time has expired.

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Timer – Stairway lighting switch

Diagram:
The input pulse (edge control) starts a specified time. The output is reset on expiration of
this time. Prior to the expiration of this time (e.g. 15 s) an off pre–warning is generated.
Symbol for this function is . Trg

Ta T (OFF delay)

Q 1s
15s

Description of the function:

With a 0 to 1 transition at input Trg, the current time starts and the output Q is set to 1. E.g. 15 s before Ta reaches the time T, the output Q is reset to 0 for a
time of 1 s (configurable time). When Ta reaches the time T, the output Q is reset to 0. When input Trg is switched on and off again before Ta expires, Ta is
reset (retriggering option).

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Timer – Multiple function switch

Switch with two different functions: Diagram:

◼ Pulse switch with off delay
◼ Switch (continuous lighting)
Symbol for this function is . Trg

Q
5s >20s

Description of the function:

The output Q is set to 1 with a 0 to 1 transition of the status at input Trg. When the input Trg changes to 0 before expiration of the continuous
lighting time, the output resets to 0 with an off delay of e.g. 5 seconds. With a 0 to 1 transition of the status at input Trg and if the status ’1’ is set at
least for the duration of e.g. 20 seconds, the continuous lighting function is enabled and the output Q is switched on continuously. If the input Trg
is switched once again from 0 to 1 and again to 0, the output Q is switched off.

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Timer - Stopwatch

Diagram:
The stopwatch function counts the elapsed time between a start stopwatch signal and a stop
stopwatch signal.

Functional description:
➢ If En = 1, the current time rises
➢ If En = 0, pauses the current time counting
➢ If En = 1 and Lap = 0, Using the selected time base, the stopwatch outputs the current time
(CurT) to AQ.
➢ If En = 1 and Lap = 1, the stopwatch leaves AQ at its last value when Lap = 0. This value is
recorded as LapT for stopwatch pause time.
➢ If En = 0 and Lap = 1, the stopwatch pauses counting time
➢ If En = 0 and Lap = 0, the stopwatch outputs the current time (CurT) to AQ.
➢ If R = 1, the current time as well as the pause time will be reset

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Timer – Astronomical clock

Diagram:
The astronomical clock function is used to set an output when the current time of
your LOGO! Base Module is between the time of sunrise (TR) and the time of
sunset (TS). LOGO! automatically calculates these times based on the
geographical location, the settings for automatic summertime/ wintertime
conversion, and the current time of the module.

Note
From LOGO! Soft Comfort V8.0, you can choose from several pre-defined time Functional description:
zone locations. If you select one of these locations, LOGO! Soft Comfort uses the The function calculates the values at the input and sets Q when Ta (Ta is the
latitude, longitude, and the time zone of your selection. This location pre- current LOGO! time) is between TR and TS; otherwise, the function resets Q.
configuration is only possible from LOGO! Soft Comfort. If automatic summertime/ wintertime conversion is enabled, the function takes
the configured time difference into consideration when calculation the TR and
TS values.

At a glance:
→ 10 pre-configured time zones
→ Configuration of user-defined coordinates of the installation place
→ On-/ Offtime in each case for +/- 59 minutes manipulable
→ E.g. usage in animal breeding, building technology, neon signs and many more…

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Counter – Up and Down counter

A look at the circuit diagram shows that the switch S1 triggers the counter pulses. Switch S2 determines whether the counter increases or decreases.
When the counter status reaches a value >= 5, the light switches on.

Diagram:

Cnt S1
Dir
6 6
5 5 5 S2
4 4 4
3 3 3 3
2 2 2 - +
1 1 C1
Zähler 0

R >=5

Q H1

Description of the function:

With every positive edge at input Cnt the internal counter increments (Dir = 0) or decrements (Dir = 1) by one count. Output Q is set to 1 when the
internal value is greater than or equal to the value specified in Par. You can use reset input R to reset the output and the internal count value to 0. When
R=1, the output is 0 and the pulses at input Cnt are not counted.
If you set a “Start Value” the counter begins to count either up or down from this value.

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Counter – Hours counter

En

Ral

MN = MI 3 3
2 2
1 1
MN = 0 0 0

4
3
2
1
OT

Description of the function:

The hours counter monitors the input En. As long as the status of this input is 1, LOGO! determines the expired time OT and the time–to–go MN.
LOGO! displays the times in parameter assignment mode. Output Q is set to 1 when the time–to–go MN = 0. Use input R to reset output Q and time–
to–go counter to the specified value MI. The internal counter OT continues the count. Use input Ral to reset output Q and the time–to–go counter MN
to the specified value MI. The internal counter OT is reset to 0.

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Counter – Threshold trigger

The output is switched on and off, depending on two specified

frequencies. Diagram:
Symbol for this function is .
Fre > On Fre > Off Fre < Off Fre < On

Q
Fre =12 Fre = 5 Fre = 3 Fre = 5

Fre
Torzeit

On = 10 Off = 4

Description of the function:

The threshold trigger measures the signals at input Fre. The pulses are captured across a specified period (gate time).
Output Q is switched on, if the value measured within the gate time is higher than the ON threshold. Q is switched off again when the threshold
drops below OFF.
On : is the ON threshold. It may be between 0000 and 9999.
Off : is the OFF threshold. It may be between 0000 and 9999.
Gate time: is the time interval during which the pulses at Fre are measured.
It may be 00.05s and 99.95s.

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Analog – Analog threshold trigger

Description of the function:

The output is switched on when the analog value exceeds a specified on threshold. The output is
switched off when the analog value drops below a specified off threshold (hysteresis).
This function reads the analog value AI1 to AI8 as a value between 0 and 1000. The offset
parameter is then added to the analog value. The result is multiplied by the gain parameter. Output
Q is set to 1 if this value exceeds the on threshold (On). Q is reset to 0 again after the value drops
below the off threshold (Off).

Diagram:

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Analog – Analog comparator

Description of the function:

The function calculates the difference between the analog values Ax-Ay. The offset parameter is
added to the difference.
Then the difference is multiplied by the gain parameter.
If this differential value exceeds the parameterized threshold, output Q is set to 1. Q is reset to 0, when
the threshold drops below again.

Diagram:

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Analog - Analog differential trigger

Description of the function:

The function reads the analog value of the signal at analog input Ax. This value is multiplied by the
gain parameter. The offset parameter is added to the analog value. Output Q is set or reset
depending on the specified threshold (On) and the differential value ( ).

Diagram:
Timing diagram A: Function with negative differential delta value

Timing diagram B: Function with positive differential delta value

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Analog – Analog watchdog

Description of the function:

If the status at input En changes from 0 to 1, then the analog value of the signal at analog input Ax will
be saved. This saved value is called “Aen”. The updated values Ax and Aen are each multiplied by the
gain parameter. Then the offset parameter is added to the analog value. Output Q is set, if the input En
is 1 and the updated value at the input Ax is outside of the range of Aen +/- .
“Threshold 1” defines the difference value above Aen, “Threshold 2” defines the difference value below
Aen.

Diagram:

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Analog – Analog amplifier

Description of the function:

The function reads the analog value of the signal at analog input Ax. This value is
multiplied by the gain parameter. Then the offset parameter is added to the analog value,
i.e.

(Ax * gain) + offset = updated value Ax.

Output AQ shows the updated value Ax.

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Analog – PI controller

Description of the function:

If the input A/M is set to 0, then the special function sets output AQ with the value that is
set with parameter Mq. If the input A/M is set to 1, then automatic mode commences. As an
integral sum the value Mq is adopted, the controller function begins the calculations of the
formulas.
The updated value PV is used within the formulas. Updated value PV = (PV * gain) + offset
If the updated value PV = SP, then the function does not change the value of AQ. With a
disturbance, AQ continues to increase / decrease until the updated value PV again
corresponds to SP. The speed with which AQ changes depends on the parameters KC and
TI. If the input PV exceeds the parameter Max, then the updated value PV is set to the value
of Max. If the PV falls short of the para-meter Min, then the updated value PV is set to the
value of Min. If the input R is set to 1, then the AQ output is reset. As long as R is set, the
input A/M is disabled. The sampling time is fixed at 500 ms.

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Analog – PI controller

Parameter:
Sensor: Type of sensor used
Min: Minimum value for PV
Max: Maximum value for PV
Gain: Gain for PV
Offset: Zero offset for PV
SP: Set point assignment
Mq: Value of AQ in manual mode Parameter sets: applied
presets for KC, TI and Dir
KC: Gain
TI: Integral time
Dir: Action direction of the controller Number of decimal
places in message text

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Analog – PI controller

Parameter sets:
To simplify the use of the PI controller, parameters for KC, TI and Dir are preset as sets for the following applications:

Parameter Set Applications Parameter KC Parameter TI (s) Parameter Dir

Temperature Temperature, low temperature control for small

0.5 30 +
fast rooms; small volumes

Temperature Heater, ventilation, temperature, low temperature

1.0 120 +
slow control for large rooms, large volumes

Fast pressure change,

Pressure 1 3.0 5 +
compressor control
Slow pressure change,
Pressure 2 Differential pressure control 1.2 12 +
(flow control)
Filling level 1 Barrel, container filling without downpipe/ drain 1.0 1 +

Filling level 2 Barrel, container filling with downpipe/ drain 0.7 20 +

Parameters can manually be specified via the parameter set “User defined”.

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Analog – Ramp

Description of the function:

At the analog output, this special function starts up one of two levels or offset. Here you can set how
quickly the level should be reached.
If the input En is set, then the function issues the value StSp + offset at output AQ for the first 100 ms.
Then, depending on the connection of Sel, the function runs from value StSp + offset to either level 1 or
level 2 at the acceleration set in Rate.
If the input St is set, the function runs to the value StSp + offset at the acceleration set in Rate. Then the
function issues the value StSp + offset at output AQ for 100 ms. Finally offset is issued at output AQ.
If the input St is set, the function can only be restarted once the inputs St and En have been reset.

If input Sel has been changed, depending on the connection of Sel, the function runs from level 1 to
level 2 or the other way round.
If the input En is reset, the function immediately issues offset at output AQ. The analog value at the
output is recalculated every 100 ms.

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Analog - Ramp

Diagram:

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Analog - Ramp

Parameter:
Gain: Gain for AQ in message text
Offset: Zero offset for AQ in message text
L1 and L2: Levels to be reached
Largest output value: Maximum value that must not be exceeded under
any circumstances
Start/ stop offset: value that is issued for 100ms in addition to parameter
offset after starting the function and before reaching the offset value
(prompted by input St). This parameter is intended for controlling
motors.
Speed of change: Acceleration with which level 1, level 2 or offset is
reached.
Steps/ second are input.
Number of decimal places in message text

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Analog – Analog MUX

Description of the function:

This special function outputs one of four predefined analog values or 0 at the analog output. If
input En is set, then the function issues one of 4 possible analog values V1 to V4 at output AQ,
depending on the value of S1 and S2. If the input En is not set, then the function issues the
analog value 0 at output AQ. All 4 analog values V1 to V4 can be parameterized as a reference to
another analog function, so the analog values can be dynamically changed in runtime (e.g. via
potentiometer at an analog input).

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Analog – Pulse Width Modulator (PWM)

The Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) modulates the analog input value Ax to a pulsed digital
output signal. The pulse width is proportional to the analog value Ax.
As parameter besides the scaling of the analog value can be defined:
▪ Range Min./Max. for modulating as well as
▪ Periodic time PT

Functional description:
The function reads the value of the signal at the analog input Ax. This value is multiplied by
the value of parameter A (gain). Parameter B (offset) is added to the product, as follows:
(Ax ∙ Gain) + Offset = Actual value Ax
The function block calculates the proportion of the actual value Ax to the range. The block
sets the digital output Q high for the same proportion of the T (periodic time) parameter, and
sets Q low for the remainder of the time period.

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Analog – Pulse Width Modulator (PWM)

Calculation rule :
Q = 1, for Ax / (Max - Min) of time period PT
Q = 0, for PT - [Ax / (Max - Min)] of time period PT

Example 1:
Periodic time (PT) is set to 4 sec.
Ax = 500
500 / (1000-0) = 0,5
4 sec. * 0,5 = 2 sec.
The proportion is: 2 sec. high , 2
sec. low
Example 2:
Periodic time (PT) is set to 10 sec.
Ax = 300
300 / (1000-0) = 0,3
10 sec. * 0,3 = 3 sec.
The proportion is: 3 sec. high ,
7 sec. low

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Analog – Mathematic instruction

Operator /
Priority

Value 1

Value 2

Description of the function:

Value 3 The analog math function combines the four operands and three operators to
form an equation.
Practicable operations:
Value 4 +,-,x,/
To form the equations, 3 priorities are available:
H (High)
M (Mid)
L (Low)
The result is an internal analog value (-32768 to +32767).

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Analog - Analog Math

Examples :

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Analog – Max/Min

Diagram:
The Max/Min function records the maximum or minimum value of Ax.

Description of the function:

ERst = 1 and En = 0: The functions sets the AQ value to 0.
ERst = 1 and En = 1: The function outputs a value at AQ, depending on the
settings of Mode and S1.
ERst = 0 and En = 1: The function holds the value of AQ at the current value.
ERst = 0 and En = 1: The function outputs a value at AQ, depending on the
settings of Mode and S1.
Mode = 0: The function sets AQ to the minimum value.
Mode = 1: The function sets AQ to the maximum value.
Mode = 2 and S1 = 0: The function sets AQ to the minimum value.
Mode = 2 and S1 = 1: The function sets AQ to the maximum value.
Mode = 3: The function outputs current analog input value.

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Analog – Average value

Diagram:
The average value function calculates the average value of an analog input over a
configured time period.

Description of the function:

This function fetches the analog input signal according to both the set sampling
time St and the number of samples Sn and outputs the average value. A signal at R
sets AQ to 0.

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Analog – Analog filter

Diagram:

The analog filter function smooths the analog input signal.

Description of the function:

The function fetches the analog signal at input Ax based on the set number of
samples (Sn) and outputs the average value.

Note
There are a maximum of eight analog filter function blocks available for use in the
circuit program in LOGO!.

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Miscellaneous –
Analog Math Error Detection

Description of the function:

The analog math error detection block sets the output when the referenced analog math function block has an error. You can program the function
to set the output on a zero division error, an overflow error, or when either type of error occurs.
If you select the “Automatically reset” checkbox, the output is reset prior to the next execution of the function block. If not, the output retains its
state until the analog math error detection block is reset with the R parameter.

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Miscellaneous – Latching relay

A look at the circuit diagram shows that the coil K1 has current with the pushbutton S1. The switch K1
S1 K1
K1 closes (latch).
This function is called latching relay. S2
Symbol for this connection is .

K1 K2 M

Description of the function:

Input S sets output Q, input R resets output Q again.

Diagram:

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Miscellaneous – Pulse relay

A look at the circuit diagram shows that the light H1 is switched on and off with the pushbuttons S1 or S1 S2 K1
S2.
This function is called pulse relay.
In words a short pulse at S1 or S2 switches the light H1 on and off.
Symbol for this connection is . K1 H1

Diagram:

Trg

Description of the function:

Output Q changes its status, i.e. the output is set or reset, with each 0 to 1 transition at input Trg. You reset the pulse relay to 0 with a signal at input
R.

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Miscellaneous – Message text

Features:

▪ One programming tool LSC for basic module

and LOGO! TDE
▪ Selection / enabling of different
character sets
▪ Up to 16 (20) characters per line
▪ Ticker text (up to 32 (40) characters per line
▪ Selection of message destination (inc. webserver)
▪ Bar graph functionality
▪ Display state of analog values
▪ Digital I/O states
▪ Display of remaining time of all
timers (except weekly/yearly timer)

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Miscellaneous – Message text

Display of a configured message text in run mode.

Symbol for this function is .

Description of the function:

With a 0 to 1 transition of the input signal and when the system is in RUN, the
corresponding message text is output to the display. The message text is
hidden when the status of the signal at input changes from 1 to 0. When
multiple message text functions are triggered with En = 1, the message text that
has the highest priority is shown. Changing between the standard display and
the message texts display is possible by using the keys and . If
“acknowledge message” is chosen, the respective message text will be hidden
by pressing any key on LOGO!, if En = 0.
Motor on
I: 1/9
Alarm!
10+
Temperature by 147
20+
°C
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Miscellaneous – Message text
Selection/enabling of character sets

To be able to use all features of the message text function in LOGO!

..0BA8, “Use new feature” must be enabled
(File -> Message text settings).

LOGO! ..0BA8 supports several languages.

To ensure, that all characters / signs of a language used in a message text
can be displayed correctly, it is necessary to activate an accordant
character set.

5 character sets are available:

German, English, Italian, Spanish (partly), Dutch

ISO_8859_1
(partly)
ISO_8859_5 Russian

ISO_8859_9 Turkish

ISO_8859_16 French

GBK Chinese

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Miscellaneous – Message text
Selection/enabling of character sets

In the same message text 2

different character sets can
be selected.
By using the Flag M27
character set 1 or character
set 2 gets activated.

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Miscellaneous – Message text
Settings for the ticker text

For the LOGO! on-board display and for LOGO! TD ticker text can be used.
You can ticker the text in 2 ways:
▪ Character by character or
▪ Line by line

Character by character …
(one character after another tickers through the display)

1st half 2nd half

In the function block “message text” you can
choose “Character by character” or “Line by
… or Line by line. line” and enable the line(s) which shall be
(the display alternates between the 1st half and the 2nd half of the message text) tickered.

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Miscellaneous – Message text
Settings for the ticker text

The ticker speed can be adjusted via the menu item File -> Message Text Settings -> Ticker Timer Setting.
You can set the speed for “Character by character” in milliseconds. This time has also effect to the time for “Line by line” (Character by character x10).

“Message destination” is another properties parameter in the function

block message text:
Here you can decide, on which device the message text shall appear:
▪ LOGO! on-board display
▪ LOGO! TD
▪ Both displays
▪Additionally you can enable the webserver

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Miscellaneous – Message text
Inserting bar graphs

Step 1: Click at
Step 2: Select a function block which is already placed in the
„Insert a bar graph into the message“
circuit diagram to indicate its value.

Step 3: Scale it by defining the range of the value,

bar graph size and its direction.

The vertical adjustment of the bar

graph is from top to bottom !

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Miscellaneous – Message text
Inserting bar graphs

Example:

The analog value of a temperature sensor (PT100) is to be

indicated over its entire measuring range as bar graph
horizontally in the message text.

The horizontal adjustment of the bar graph is from left

to right !

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Miscellaneous – Message text Status
indication of the analog input values

2 AI´s can be displayed in one message text.

The value is updated according to the “analog input filter
timer”.

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Miscellaneous – Message text
Analog input filter timer

If an analog input value is indicated in a message

text, user can choose filter functionality via the
menu item

File → Message Text Settings.

The adjusted time determines the frequency at
which LOGO! refreshes the analog values in a
message text.

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Miscellaneous – Message text Status
indication of the digital inputs/outputs

Example:
Step 1:
Place 1 input, 1 output and an enabled message text
in your circuit diagram.

Step 2:
Open message text with a double click, define area for the status
indication of “I1” with a mouse click and select “ON/OFF” button.

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Miscellaneous – Message text Status
indication of the digital inputs/outputs
Step 3: Select “Digital Inputs”

Step 4: Automatically the first input “I1” is selected.

Type in a text you want to display if status for “I1” is “FALSE / TRUE”

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Miscellaneous – Message text
Status indication of the digital inputs/outputs

Step 5:
Do the same for “Digital Outputs” and display the state of “Q1”.

Now try out the program in simulation mode!

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Miscellaneous – Message text
Static editor (Edit manually)

LOGO! Soft Comfort V8.0 provides a static editor for message texts that can
help when you need to reposition text elements.

For example, it has a “recycle bin” area where you can temporarily move
message text elements in order to rearrange the position of elements on the
display area. You can move elements up, down, left, or right without changing
the position of any other elements.

To use the static editor, click the "Edit manually" button above the message
text area. You will also be prompted to edit manually if you try to place or
move elements in the message area that have a position conflict with existing
elements.

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Miscellaneous – Softkey

Diagram:

Description of the function:

This special function has the effect of a mechanical pushbutton or switch. In
parameter assignment mode, the output is set with a signal at input En, if the
’’Switch” parameter is set to “On” and confirmed with OK. Whether the function was
configured for pushbutton or switching action is of no concern here. The output is
reset to “0” in the following three cases:
◼ After a 0 to 1 transition at input En.
◼ When the function was configured for momentary pushbutton action, and one
cycle has expired since it was switched on.
◼ When the position “Off” was selected at the “Switch” parameter and
confirmed with OK in parameter assignment mode

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Miscellaneous – Shift register

Diagram:

Description of the function:

The function reads the value at input In with a positive edge at input Trg. This value is
applied to shift register bit S1 to S8, depending on the shifting direction:
Shift up: The value at input In is set at S1; the previous value at S1 is shifted to S2; the
previous value at S2 is shifted to S3 etc.
Output Q returns the value of the configured shift register bit. If retentivity is disabled,
the shift function restarts at S1 to S8 after a power failure. When enabled, retentivity
always applies to all shift register bits.

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Miscellaneous – Float/Integer Converter

This function convert a float stored in VM to an integer and output the result via the parameter (eAQ) or AQ.
LOGO! only deals with integers. If you transfer some float from outer system by network with S7/Modbus
protocol, LOGO! cannot deal with it directly. With float to integer converter, you can convert floating numbers
stored in VM to integers. This SFB does the conversion by dividing the float by a resolution. You need to set a
suitable resolution for the input float in the parameter tab.

Description of the function:

You usually need both the blocks Float/Integer converter and Integer/Float converter to complete a task. A typical
way to use these function blocks is:
Transfer the floats from outer system by network (with S7/Modbus protocol) and store them in VM.
Convert the floats stored in VM to integer by Float/Integer converter.
Process the integer with LOGO! BM.
Convert the result to floats by Integer/Float and store them in the VM.
Transfer the floats to outer system (with S7/Modbus protocol).

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Miscellaneous – Integer/Float Converter

This function converts integers to floats, and store them in VM.

LOGO! only deal with integers. If you transfer some float from outer system by network with S7/Modbus protocol,
LOGO! cannot deal with it directly. With this SFB, LOGO! can output floating numbers. This SFB converts integers
to floating numbers by multiplying a resolution into the floating number. You need to set a suitable resolution for
the input integers in the parameter tab.

Description of the function:

You usually need both the blocks Float/Integer converter and Integer/Float converter to complete a task. A typical
way to use these function blocks is:
Transfer the floats from outer system by network (with S7/Modbus protocol) and store them in VM.
Convert the floats stored in VM to integer by Float/Integer converter.
Process the integer with LOGO! BM.
Convert the result to floats by Integer/Float and store them in the VM.
Transfer the floats to outer system(with S7/Modbus protocol).

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Data Log – Description

Functional description:

The Data Log – function block saves actual values of selected functions blocks
and memory areas of a switching program which are able to be put out in a CSV-
format on a PC or a standard micro SD-card. The internal memory can save up to
200 data records. With an external memory it is able to save up to 20.000 records
(max. 50 log files).

The Data Log starts recording data with a rising flank (change from 0 to 1) at the
input En (Enable).

The usage per switching program is limited to one Data Log function block. After
selection and inserting in the function chart, the symbol will be greyed out in the
navigation register.

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Data Log – Description

Current values of the following function blocks are able to be recorded with the Data
Log function block:
• I
• Q
• M
• AI
• AQ
• AM

At digital I/O and memory the data have to be recorded in 8 bit groups, e.g. I1 to I8, Q9
to Q16, M17 to M24. For analog data you have to choose a to-be-recorded value, e.g.
AI1, AQ2 or AM1. You configure function block values in 8 bit groups or single values,
depending on the type of the value (digital or analog).
You can record a maximum of 32 elements in the Data Log (analog values or digital
values in 8 bit groups).
You can configure the Data Log only in LOGO! SoftComfort. Via the LOGO! device it
is not possible to create, configure or delete a Data Log function block.

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UDF – Creating macro blocks

→ Editing at LOGO! 0BA8 only at the in- or outputs which are connected to the UDF-
UDF-blocks (UDF – user defined function) only can be configured in the LOGO!
block.
SoftComfort and complies with a personal created switching program which can be
saved and afterwards added to other or further switching programs at any time
(macro). → Automatic version handling (changes at macros)

→ Creating of own UDF-library

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Thank you for your attention!

DF FA S MP PLC 1
90475 Nürnberg

siemens.com/answers

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