Resistor Color Code Chart

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 Table of Contents Terminology

Terminology: Through-Hole IC’s: Introduction

Introduction ................................................2 SIP ..............................................................34
Through-Hole vs. Surface Mount .............3 DIP ............................................................35
Through-Hole Axial vs. Radial ..................3 IC Can ............................................................36 Components
Surface Mount Leadless .............................4 PGA ............................................................37 An electronic component is any device that handles electricity.
Surface Mount Leaded .............................5 These devices come in many different shapes and sizes. Different
Component Packaging ............................6 Surface Mount: components have different electrical functions and are used for a great
Identifying Components .........................7 CHIPs, MELFs & SOTs:
Component Reference Designator ..............8 variety of purposes. For example, some components may be used to slow
Chip Components ......................................38 electricity, and others may be used to store it.
Common Class Letters ..............................9 Tantalum Capacitors .............................41
Schematic Symbols .................................10 MELF ...........................................................42
Value and Tolerance .......................................10 SOT ...........................................................43 Understanding Electricity
Polarity ........................................................11 DPAK ............................................................44 Electricity basically consists of voltage, measured in volts, and
Orientation..........................................12 current, measured in amperes, or amps. Voltage is the electrical pressure,
The Square Land/ Pad ................................12 Surface Mount: or force of electricity through a circuit. This is similar to the water
The SOIC Family: pressure in a garden hose. Current is the amount of electricity that goes
Through-Hole Axial & Radial: SOIC .........................................................45 through the circuit.
SO .............................................................46
Capacitor (Non-Polarized) ....................13 SOM ...........................................................47 Active vs. Passive

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Capacitor (Polarized) ........................... 14, 15 SOL / SOW ....................................................48
Variable Capacitor .....................................16 SOL-J ........................................................49 Some components are active - meaning they can amplify or
Crystal .......................................................17 VSOP ........................................................50 interpret a signal. Active components include diodes, transistors and
Diode ..........................................................18 SSOP .........................................................51 integrated circuits, also called ICs. Other components are passive - meaning
QSOP ...........................................................52
Light-Emitting Diode .................................19 TSOP ...............................................................53 that they cannot change an electrical signal - except to reduce it in size or
Filter ...........................................................20 delay it. Passive components include resistors, capacitors and inductors.
Fuses and Circuit Breakers .....................21
Surface Mount:
Inductors and Coils ........................................22 Discrete vs. Integrated
Transformers....................................................23 Large Scale ICs:
Resistor .....................................................24 LCC ...............................................................54 When a component is packaged with only one or two functional
Variable Resistor ........................................25 PLCC ............................................................55 elements, it is called a discrete component. An example of a discrete
Voltage Regulator ........................................26 Flat Lead Package .......................................56 component is a resistor that performs the simple function of limiting the
Thermistor .................................................27 QFP (MQFP) .............................................57 electrical current that flows through it. On the other hand, an integrated
PQFP ..............................................................58
Transistor ....................................................28 circuit is a group of interconnected elements assembled into a single
BGA ..........................................................59
Switches and Relays ....................................29 package that performs multiple functions. A well-known example of a
Reading Component Values: complex IC is the microprocessor found in computers.
Through-Hole Hardware: Axial Resistor Values .................................60
Numbered Resistors ...............................60 Electronic Assemblies
Connector ........................................................30 4-Band Resistors ........................................61 When a group of components are placed together on a printed
Header ........................................................31 5-Band Resistors ....................................61
Resistor Band Color Codes ...................62 circuit board to perform some function, it’s called an electronic assembly.
Jumper ........................................................32
Socket ............................................................. 33 Capacitor Values ......................................63 Circuit board assemblies are created by attaching and soldering the
Numbered Capacitors ...........................63 components by hand, or by machine.
Capacitor Band Color Codes ....................64
Inductor Band Color Codes ....................... 65

Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 2
Through-Hole vs. Surface Mount Terminology

There are two primary types of components, the difference being Single In-line Packages
how they are attached or SIPs, are through-hole components that
have a row of leads in a single, straight line.
to the circuit board.
primary
side
One group is called Dual In-line Packages
through-hole. or DIPs, are components that have two rows
Through-hole components of leads in parallel straight lines.
have leads that are inserted
secondary side through mounting holes in
the circuit board.
cross-section of a
through-hole solder joint

Pin Grid Arrays

or PGAs, are ICs that have
several rows of round pins extending
The other type is called from the bottom of the component.
surface mount.
Surface mount components are
designed so they are placed
directly onto lands that serve
as mounting points on the
surface of the board.
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cross-section of a
surface mount solder joint
Surface Mount - Leadless
Leadless means there are no metal leads sticking out of the
component body. These types of components are attached to a circuit
board using some type of metallized termination.
Through-Hole Leads
Chips & MELFs use terminations on opposite
Through-hole leads are rigid metal wires that stick out of the component. ends of the component’s body.

Axial Leads = Arms

Axial leaded components have two Castellations are half round
Ball Grid Arrays, or BGAs, metallized recesses in the side
leads - with one lead extending from consist of rows of tiny balls of solder
each side of the component, like arms. of a component that are filled
Axial components need to have their on the bottom of the component. with solder when connected to
leads bent so they can be inserted These solder the circuit board.
through the holes of a circuit board. balls are
connected
to
matching
Radial Leads = Legs
Radial leaded components have two or more rows of
lands on
leads extending from the bottom of the the circuit
component, like legs.
board.

3 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 4
Terminology Terminology

Surface Mount - Leaded Component Packaging

Leaded surface mount components usually have one of five styles
of leads: gull wings, J-leads, L-leads, flat leads or I-leads. Component packaging refers to the way component manufacturers
package their product for use by electronics assemblers. See Introduction
Gull Wing Lead: The gull wing to Electronics Assembly, IPC-DRM-53, for more about the assembly
lead is a metal lead that bends process. Through-hole and surface mount components are packaged in one
down and away - similar to a of four ways: on tape and reel, in tubes, in waffle trays or in static-safe
seagull’s wing. bags. The packaging method depends on the component type and whether
the component will be assembled onto the circuit board by machine or by
J-Lead: The J-lead is a metal hand. Most component packages are made to protect the components
lead that bends down and from electrostatic discharge, or ESD, which could damage them.
underneath a component in the
shape of the letter J. Tape and Reel
Tape reels are used for axial leaded through hole
L-Lead: The L-lead is inward components and the smaller surface mount components.
formed underneath a component. Automatic insertion machines cut through-hole components
off tape reels and insert them into the board.
Flat Lead: The flat lead Surface mount assembly machines, called pick and place, pick

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protrudes directly out from surface mount components from tape reels and place them
the body of a component. onto the board.

I-Lead: The I-lead , or butt lead, Tubes

is actually a through-hole lead Tubes are used to keep
that has been cut short for components straight and ready
surface mounting. Because the to drop into auto-insertion or
connection is not very strong or auto-placement machines.
stable, the I-lead is not
considered suitable for high Waffle Trays
reliability assemblies. Waffle trays are used for many of the larger
surface mount components. They are stackable
on pick and place machines. Trays also provide
protection for fragile leads during storage
Lead Pitch and handling.
An important characteristic of
some leaded surface mount
components is lead pitch. Pitch is
the distance between the center of Static-Safe Bags
one lead to the center of the next. Some components are simply packaged
Lead Pitch When a component has fine pitch it loose in static-safe bags. These
means the leads are spaced very components are usually simple
close together (less than 15 mils). through-hole axial and radial devices that
are too large or unusually shaped to be
inserted by machine.

5 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 6
Terminology Terminology

Identifying Components Component Reference Designators

Close-up of a component legend

printed on a through-hole PWB

Most of the PWBs made

today have a component
legend silkscreened onto
them.
Every component has
a manufacturer’s These letters and numbers identify the component to be placed in
part number. This the holes or onto the lands next to each designation.
number is either marked
on the component itself, Also called the silkscreen or
or on the packaging. Component Reference Designator (CRD) ,
this legend is placed on the

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And every assembly to be
manufactured comes with an
assembly drawing and a parts list,
component mounting (primary) side
of the PWB. The other side of
a through-hole board, like the one shown,
also called the bill of materials, is often referred to as the
or BOM. solder (secondary) side.

The BOM lists the components by The silkscreen may also indicate
part numbers, quantities the direction (for orientation or polarity)
and reference designators. the component is to be placed on the board.
The bill of materials SMT boards may have the silkscreen on
both sides of the board, if it has
components on both sides.
The assembly drawing shows
the location of each component.
Capacitor
For more definitions of CRD
reference designators, see
ANSI Y32.16/ IEEE Std 200.
For more definitions of
component class letters, see
ANSI Y32.2/ IEEE Std 315,
PWB reference designator for a diode
section 22. Class Letter(s) Unit Number
The assembly drawing with diode hi-lighted

7 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 8
Terminology Terminology

Common Class Letters for CRDs Schematic Symbols

Along with the assembly

ANSI/ IEEE IEC Other drawing and BOM, schematic diagrams
Amplifier AR A are also used to specify assemblies.
Capacitor C
pack or network C CP or U Each discrete component has an
polarized C “+” (by the lead) associated symbol that is specified
variable C C VAR, C ADJ in IEEE (Institute of Electrical and
Connector J or P Electronics Engineers) Standard
Crystal Y B 315 and 315A (ANSI Y32.2).
Delay Line DL D ---
Diode D or CR V Components with multiple functions,
Light Emitting Diode DS (Display) E LED, D, DIS, CR such as an integrated circuit, do not
Voltage Rectifier D or CR V VR use a specific schematic symbol but
Zener Diode D or VR V are often represented by a block in the
Filter FL Z schematic diagram. This includes ICs
Fuse F packaged as DIPs, SOICs, QFPs,
Header J or P PLCCs, PGAs or BGAs.
Inductor, Choke
Integrated Circuit
Insulated Jumper
L
U
W or P
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IC
JP Value and Tolerance
Jumper W, P or R JMP, J
Microprocessor U IC, MC, CPU
Some components will have a value and tolerance associated with them.
Oscillator Y (crystal) orG (other) G OS
The value is a numerical quantity given to the component. This value is usually
Relay K
assigned a tolerance which is the amount of variation allowed from that value.
Resistor R
pack or network R RN, RP, U
Potentiometer R VR, POT If a 500 ohm resistor has a
Thermistor RT R 1% tolerance, its acceptable
variable R VR, VAR, VRN, ADJ measurement range would be
Varistor R, VAR 495 to 505 ohms.
asymmetrical D or CR
symmetrical RV
Socket X, XAR, XU, XQ, etc TS, S
But, if the same 500 ohm resistor has a
Switch S SW
10% tolerance, its acceptable
Test Point or Pin TP TST or J
measurement range would be
Transistor Q V U
450 to 550 ohms.
Transformer T X, TR
Voltage Regulator VR U
Reading component values and
tolerances is described in detail
in the last section of this manual.

9 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 10
Terminology Terminology

Polarity = Positive & Negative Orientation = Position

Component orientation refers to situations when a component
Each component placed on a PWB or “board” must be installed on the PWB a certain way, whether or not it has polarity.
has a specific function. Some components have a Orientation marks or symbols on a component’s body include:
positive and negative connection to the board and so a notch, a dimple, a wedge, a stripe, or numbers.
must be placed on the board in the correct orientation.
This means that the correct
lead–positive or negative–is in
Polarized Capacitors
the correct hole, or on the
Anode Cathode correct land with surface
+ -- mount components.
Components with this positive With multi-pin components, such as ICs, these orientation symbols
and negative connection are indicate where “Pin One” of that component is located so that pin may be mated
said to have polarity. with the corresponding pad or land on the PWB. Many ICs have tens to hundreds
of I/O (input/output) connection points. These may be pins, leads or terminations.
Also, matching orientation marks may be found on the PWB. These often
Anode & Cathode include silkscreened symbols identical to markings on the component body (notch,

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The positive lead
is called the anode.
The negative lead
dimple, wedge, etc.) and /or a square pad or land on the board, especially for
multi-pinned components.

is called the cathode .

The Square Land / Pad
Polarity can be indicated on The square land/pad is a common way to designate polarity or
+ -- parts in a variety of ways. orientation. The square land is most often used by PWB designers to show where
the marked lead or Pin One of a multi-pinned component should be placed.
Diodes The symbol for a positive lead
Matching Pin One of the component to the correct land or pad on the PWB is
is the plus sign (+), although critical for the proper function of the component.
many components will not have
this marking. For components that have the positive or
anode lead marked, like polarized capacitors, the
The symbol for the negative square land typically indicates where the positive
lead is the minus sign (--). lead should be placed. For components which have
the negative or cathode lead marked, such as
Markings and symbols for diodes or LEDs, the square land indicates where
either the anode or cathode the marked (negative) lead should be placed.
leads can take many shapes and forms. Markings on
the PWB include a square land or pad, a “+” symbol, or Note: Always verify the polarity against any
a diode symbol silkscreened to the board to show the drawings, schematics, silkscreen markings
(or any other documentation from your board Square land / pad shows
correct orientation.
and component suppliers) as this may vary. pin 1 orientation

11 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 12
Through-Hole ● Axial & Radial Through-Hole ● Axial & Radial

Capacitor (Non-Polarized) Capacitor (Polarized)

Description: Capacitors store and discharge electricity. They consist of Description: Polarized capacitors function in the same way as

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two metal plates, or conducting surfaces, separated by a non-polarized capacitors (see page 13).
insulating material called a dielectric. After a sufficient Class letter: C
buildup in one plate, the charge is felt in the opposite plate. Other: “+ ” (by the lead)
There are four basic types of non-polarized capacitors: Prefix: None
• Ceramic disc-radial Value Code: Measured in microfarads (µF), nanofarads (nF) or
• Dipped mica-radial picofarads (pF). The value is printed on the capacitor body
• Mylar-radial, usually round or oval bodies using some form of abbreviation. Also specified is the
• Glass-packed axial, easy to mistake for operating voltage for the capacitor. These two values
diode or resistor. determine the physical size of the component.
Class letter: C (non-polarized) Tolerance: Printed as percentage (example: ±5%) or as letter scheme.
Prefix: None Orientation: By polarity. A Square land on the PWB may mark where
Value Code: Measured in microfarads (µF), nanofarads (nF) or the positive lead (anode) is to be inserted.
picofarads (pF). The value is printed on the capacitor body Polarity: Polarized capacitors can be both axial or radial and will
using some form of abbreviation. Also specified is the have one lead marked as postive (+). This positive lead can
operating voltage for the capacitor. These two values be marked or formed in several ways:
determine the physical size of the component. Symbols:
Tolerance: Printed as percentage (example: ±5%) or as letter scheme. Plus (+); marks positive lead
Orientation: None Dot (•); marks positive lead
Band; marks positive lead
Line; the line can have pluses (+) leading to the
positive leg or minuses (-) leading to the negative leg.
Arrows; arrows down the side lead to the negative end.

Continued. . .

13 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 14
Through-Hole ● Axial & Radial Through-Hole ● Axial & Radial

Capacitor (Polarized) Variable Capacitor

. . . Continued: Description: These capacitors can change capacitance by turning a

Promotional Sample screw that causes the plates to move closer or farther
Colors: apart. The closer the plates, the higher the capacitance.
Silver square; marks positive lead Class letter: C
Colored end; marks positive lead Other: C VAR, C ADJ
Prefix: None
Shapes and forms: Value Code: Measured as a range, such as 27-200 µ F.
Ridge or bevel; marks positive lead Tolerance: None
Groove; marks positive lead Orientation: Non-symmetrical lead pattern allows it to be installed
Bubble; marks positive lead only one way.
(if both ends have a bubble, the larger one is positive) Polarity: None
Larger lead; the PWB holes are sized to match the
larger lead.

15 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 16
Through-Hole ● Axial & Radial Through-Hole ● Axial & Radial

diodes

anode cathode

zener diode

Crystal Diode

Description: Crystals usually have metal bodies and produce a Description: Diodes are semiconductors that only allow current to flow

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consistent electrical pulse. They are typically used as in one direction - like a one way street. They can convert
clocks, controlling the timing of events in digital circuits. alternating current to direct current. A zener diode acts
Class letter: Y as a voltage limiter for DC voltages. A diode’s part number
Other: B is usually specified by the prefix 1N, followed by two to four
Prefix: None digit numbers. Examples include 1N53, 1N751 and 1N4148.
Value Code: Measured in megahertz (MHz), or kilohertz (kHz). Class letter: D or CR
Tolerance: None Other: V
Orientation: Angled corner or dot Prefix: 1N
Polarity: None Value Code: None
Orientation: By polarity.
Polarity: Polarity is usually indicated by colored ring or up to three
rings near the negative (cathode) end of axial diodes. An
arrow may also point to the negative end. The PWB is
marked with a stripe, line, or arrow symbol showing where
the cathode end of the diode should be placed.

A Square Land* may also mark where the cathode

end is inserted.

* See page 12, “The Square Land/Pad”

17 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 18
Through-Hole ● Axial & Radial Through-Hole ● Axial & Radial

anode cathode

Light-Emitting Diode Filter

Description: Also known as LED’s, these components emit light. Description: Filters are used to pass one frequency or frequency

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Class letter: DS band while blocking others. They are often used to filter
Other: E, LED, D, DIS, CR electrical noise in a circuit.
Prefix: None Class letter: FL
Value Code: None Other: Z
Tolerance: None Prefix: None
Orientation: By polarity. Value Code: None
Polarity: LEDs are usually radial leaded and polarity is typically Tolerance: None
indicated by the location of the cup and spoon inside Orientation: The installation of filters is usually by lead configura -
the lens. The cup is associated with the cathode, tion. The pattern of holes or lands on the PWB means
or negative lead. The negative lead there is only one way to insert the filter.
may also be shorter. Polarity: None

Square Land: Cup

The PWB may also be marked
with a square land showing where Spoon
the cathode end is inserted
and/or a silkscreened outline of
the component body with a flat Cathode
edge to indicate polarity. Lead
See page 12,
“The Square Land/Pad”

19 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 20
Through-Hole ● Axial & Radial Through-Hole ● Axial & Radial

fuses

circuit breaker

Fuse Inductor

Description: Fuses consist of a wire with low melting point metal. Description: Inductors consist of a coil of wire that creates a magnetic

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When current passing through the wire exceeds a field when current flows through the coil.
prescribed level, the wire melts and opens the circuit, Transformers, Coils and Toroids are related to inductors.
protecting equipment from damage. (see Transformers on page 23). The toroid choke consists of
Class letter: F a coil wound on a toroid, or doughnut of magnetic metal.
Prefix: None The metal core increases the inductance of the coil.
Value Code: Measured in amps Class letter: L
Tolerance: None Prefix: None
Orientation: None Value Code: Measured in microhenry (µH) or millihenry (mH). The value
Polarity: None is either printed on the inductor body or calculated by
decoding 4 of 5 colored bands on the inductor body into
A circuit breaker is a device that when exposed to numbers.
excess current will “trip” or become electrically open Tolerance: Printed as last of five-band color band system.
and can be reset. Orientation: None
Class letter: CB

A Circuit Breaker Panel

like the one in your home.

Choke Coil

21 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 22
Through-Hole ● Axial & Radial Through-Hole ● Axial & Radial

air core

iron core

Transformer Resistor

Description: Transformers are related to inductors. Transformers Description: Resistors limit the flow of electrical current in a circuit.

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basically consist of primary and secondary coils wound on This is like a highway narrowing from six lanes to a
a common core of ferromagnetic material. two-lane road. Fixed resistors are usually made of metal
When alternating current flows through the primary coil, film. The bigger the metal film resistor, the greater its
the resulting magnetic field induces an alternating voltage wattage rating (wattage is a measure of electrical power).
across the secondary coil. The induced voltage can cause Resistors can also be made of hot molded carbon.
current to flow in an external circuit. In addition, there are wire wound power resistors.
Class letter: T Class letter: R
Prefix: None Prefix: RC = color coded
Value Code: Measured in microhenry (µH) or millihenry (mH). RN = metal film
The value is printed on the body. RCL = wire wound
Orientation: Many transformers have non-symmetrical leads which only Value Code: Measured in ohms (Ω). The value is either printed on the
allow it to be installed one way. resistor body or is calculated by decoding 3 to 5 colored
bands on the resistor body into numbers.
Tolerance: Printed on body or as part of color band system.
Orientation: None
Polarity: None

Transformer
mounted
on a board

23 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 24
Through-Hole ● Axial & Radial Through-Hole ● Axial & Radial

Variable Resistor Voltage Regulator

Description: Also called a potentiometer, trimpot or trimmer, Description: Voltage regulators keep output voltage constant during

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a variable resistor is a resistor whose value can be variations of the output load or the input voltage.
changed by turning a shaft, screw or sliding a contact. Often looks like a TO220 package. .
Class letter: R Class letter: V R
Other: VR, VAR, VRN, ADJ Other: U
Prefix: None Prefix: None
Value Code: Measured in a range in ohms. Maximum value is usually Value Code: None
molded into component body. Example: 20 MΩ. Tolerance: None
Tolerance: None Orientation: Angle on the body or indented dot.
Orientation: Non-symmetrical lead pattern only allows it to be Polarity: None
installed one way. Pin One is usually identified.
A square land may also mark where pin 1 is inserted.*
Polarity: None

* See page 12, “The Square Land/Pad”

25 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 26
Through-Hole ● Axial & Radial Through-Hole ● Axial & Radial

to

to

Thermistor Transistor

Description: Resists current flow based on temperature. Description: Transistors are semiconductors that can amplify,

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Often looks like a disc capacitor. oscillate and provide switching action on electrical signals.
Class letter: RT Like diodes, transistors do not utilize units of measure-
Other: R ment. Instead, their component type is usually specified
Prefix: None by the prefix 2N or 3N, followed by two to four digit
Value Code: None numbers. Examples include 2N50, 2N701 and 2N2222A.
Tolerance: None Class letter: Q
Orientation: None Other: V or U
Polarity: None Prefix: 2N
Orientation: Indicated by one of several methods:
• Pin Numbers or pin names which match
to the PWB silkscreen.
• Tab on the transistor “can”. When looking down
on the component from the top, pin one is either to
the right of, or directly underneath the tab. The
pins count counterclockwise from pin one.
• Matching component shape with PWB silkscreen
outline: Outline on PWB includes the tab—align the
tab. Outline on PWB includes the flat side of the
transistor—align the flat side. Pattern of
through-holes on PWB means there is only one way
to insert the transistor.

27 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 28
Through-Hole ● Axial & Radial Through-Hole ● Hardware
switches

relay

Switch Connector

Description: Switches open and close a circuit. Description: Connectors are placed on a PWB so that wires, cables and

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Class letter: S other outside connections can be made to the PWB. They
Other: SW usually have a housing around their pins.
Prefix: None Class letter: P for MALE PLUG connector,
Value Code: May have value rating for maximum current in amps. or J for FEMALE JACK / RECEPTACLE connector.
Example: 10 A. May also have mechanical information such Orientation: Bevel, notch or pin number molded into the package.
as DPDT; “double-pole, double-throw” printed on it. Polarity: None
Tolerance: None
Orientation: Dot or notch
Polarity: None

Relays are switches that open and close when actuated

by an applied signal.
Class letter: K

A Relay on
a partially assembled PWB

29 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 30
Through-Hole ● Hardware Through-Hole ● Hardware

Header Jumper

Description: Headers, like connectors are placed on a PWB so that Description: Also called jumper configuration, jumper wire or head pin

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outside connections can be made. Headers usually do not configuration. Jumpers connect two pins on the
have a housing around their pins. assembly together, providing an electrical path between
Class letter: J or P those points. Jumpers are sometimes used to solve
Orientation: Usually none. Often has alignment or locking tabs for the circuitry errors in the PWB itself. Other times they are
connector which mates with it. Correct orientation of this used to provide a way to change the assembly’s
tab is important. configuration for different applications.
Polarity: None Class letter: W, or E for insulated piece of conductor (wire);
or P, for a plug.
Other: JP
Prefix: None
Value Code: None
Tolerance: None
Orientation: Jumper goes into header socket
Polarity: None

31 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 32
Through-Hole ● Hardware Through-Hole ● IC’s

resister pack

diode pack

Socket SIP

Description: Sockets are soldered onto circuit boards so that an IC can Description: SIP stands for Single- In-line- Package. SIPs are often

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be plugged into the socket and not soldered directly to the resistor networks (or packs) or diode arrays.
board. This makes removing or upgrading the part much Class letter: R for resistor networks, D or CR for diode array, etc
easier. Sockets are sometimes used for components that Other: RP, R N
cannot be soldered in place because of heat sensitivity. Prefix: None
Class letter: X, XAR, XU, XQ, etc.. Value Code: SIP packages sometimes hold banks of passive
Other: TS, S components. Those values may be marked on the
Prefix: None component package. For example, eight 2K resistors
Value Code: None would have the value: “8x2K.”
Tolerance: None Tolerance: None
Orientation: Sockets usually have Orientation: Determined by the location of lead one. A SIP IC’s leads
a dot are numbered to ensure proper placement of the
or a notch component on the circuit board or into a PWB-mounted
to indicate socket. The orientation marking on most SIPs is usually
orientation to the right over lead one. The remaining leads are counted
PWB. Once installed, from lead one.
a socket may cover
Lead One Markings: The most common markings for
the PWB orientation
orientation on SIPs are numbers, a stripe or a dot.
mark, so it’s
important to place
the socket correctly.

33 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 34
Through-Hole ● IC’s Through-Hole ● IC’s

DIP IC Can

Description: DIP stands for Dual- In-line- Package. DIPs are usually made Description: IC Cans are often transistors or voltage regulators.

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of plastic or ceramic (called CERDIPS). They may include Class letter: U general IC, Q for transistor, AR amplifier, etc.
hundreds, or thousands of various components. Other: IC
Class letter: U Prefix: None
Other: IC or AR, C, Q, R, etc. Value Code: None
Prefix: None Tolerance: None
Value Code: DIP packages sometimes hold banks of passive Orientation: Determined by the location of lead one.
components. Those values may be marked on the An IC Can’s leads are numbered to ensure proper
component package. For example, eight 2K resistors would placement of the component on the circuit board or
have the value: “8x2K.” into a PWB mounted socket.
Lead Pitch: 100 mils
Orientation: Determined by the location of lead one. A DIP IC’s leads are The orientation marking on most IC Cans is usually a
numbered to ensure proper placement of the component on tab in the rim of the can over the highest numbered
the circuit board or into a PWB-mounted socket. The pin, or between pin 1 and the highest pin.
orientation marking on most DIPs is usually either right over
lead one or on the end at which lead one is found. The The pins are counted counterclockwise
remaining leads are counted counterclockwise from lead one. starting from the right of the tab
when looking down on the top
Lead One Markings: The most common markings for
of the can.
orientation on ICs are:
• notch • numbers • stripe
• dimple • wedge
Square Land: The square land is used to show the location of lead one
on the PWB. Aligning lead one of the IC with the square land on the
board ensures proper installation of the component.

35 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 36
Through-Hole ● IC’s Surface Mount ● CHIPs, MELFs & SOTs

capacitors

resistors

PGA Chip Components

Description: PGA stands for Pin G rid Array. PGAs have several rows of Description: Chip components are usually ceramic-bodied packages with

Promotional Sample
leads or pins extending from the bottom of the IC. The metal connections called terminations at either end. The
rows make up a grid of connection points. PGAs come in most common types of chip components are ceramic
plastic packages (left) and ceramic packages (right). resistors and capacitors. Five-sided chip components have
Class letter: U a solderable surface on five sides of its terminal
Other: IC or AR, C, Q, R, etc. contact. The terminal contact is the area where the
Prefix: None component is attached to the surface of the PWB.
Value Code: None Three-sided components have a solderable surface on three
Tolerance: None sides of its terminal contact.
Orientation: Usually determined by the location of a notch in the
package right over pin one. A corresponding mark on the Chip Resistors
PWB or socket provides proper alignment. Sometimes also Class letter: R
by a missing pin on the component, or a missing hole on Value: Measured in ohms (Ω).
the board. Orientation: None
Square Land: A square base to one lead among the leads Polarity: None
in a PGA is also used to show orientation. Aligning that
lead with a matching square land on the board ensures Chip Capacitors
proper installation of the component. Class letter: C
Value: Measured in microfarads (µF) or picofarads (pF).
Orientation: None
Polarity: None Note: See Tantalum Capacitors, page 41

continued . . .

37 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 38
Surface Mount ● CHIPs, MELFs & SOTs Surface Mount ● CHIPs, MELFs & SOTs

Chip Components Chip Components

Reading Chip Resistor Value Codes Reading Chip Capacitor Value Codes
Sometimes the numeric value (ohms) may be printed on the chip Depending on the size of the chip capacitor, the value code may be

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resistor body. More frequently, this value code is printed on the label of the printed on the body of the component, or on the label of the reel in which
reel in which the chips are packaged. This is because the component itself they're packaged. The code for a chip capacitor is a three-digit number
is too small, or will not allow for printing on the resistive element. expressing a value, usually in picofarads (pF).
The code is a three- or four-digit number. With three-digit codes, the first As with chip resistor three-digit codes, the first two numbers are value
two numbers are value numbers, and the third is the multiplier. For example: numbers, and the third is the multiplier. Example: 221, where 2 and 2 are
102, where 1 and 0 are attached to 2 zeroes to equal 1000 Ohms. attached to 1 zero to equal 220 pF.
With four-digit codes, the first three numbers are the value numbers, and
A "0" (zero) in the multiplier position for capacitors means no zeros are
the fourth number is the multiplier. For example: 1501 , where 1, 5, and 0
added to the value. A letter R is a decimal point holder. Tolerance comes
are attached to 1 zero to equal 1500 Ohms.
in many varieties and may be shown with letter codes using the key chart
For either code, a "0" (zero), in the multiplier position means don't add any at the bottom of the previous page.
zeros. Example: 150, where 1 and 5 are attached to no zeros to equal 15 Ohms.
A letter R in either code means to "place a decimal point at this spot."
Size Codes
Example: 49R9 = 49.9 Ohms.
A chip’s size, in inches or millimeters, is described by a 4-digit code:
B = ± .1% The first 2 digits are
Tolerance Letter Codes C = ± .25% Size Codes (inches) It is Size Codes (metric) the length.
important
For some manufacturers, chip resistors with D = ± .5 % 0402 .04” x .02” to be certain 1005 1 .0 x 0 .5 mm the second 2 digits
F = ± 1% 0605 .06” x .05” of which 1508 1.5 x 0.8 mm are the width.
3-digit codes are assumed to be 5% tolerance, G = ± 2% 0805 .08” x .05” measurement 2012 2.0 x 1.2 mm
and 4-digit chips are assumed to be 1%. system
J = ± 5% 1005 .10” x .05” a size code 2512 2.5 x 1 .2 mm
K = ± 10% 1206 .12” x .06” is in. 3225 3 .2 x 2 .5 m m
Tolerance can be decoded from this chart M = ± 20% 1210 .12” x .10” (inches or
4532 4.5 x 3 .2 mm
when letter codes are used. 1812 .18” x .12” millimeters) 5664 5 .6 x 6.4 mm
Z = + 80/-20% 2225 .22” x .25”

39 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 40
Surface Mount ● CHIPs, MELFs & SOTs Surface Mount ● CHIPs, MELFs & SOTs

diodes

capacitors

resistors

inductors

Tantalum Capacitors MELF

Description: Molded Tantalum Capacitors are polarized chip capacitors Description: Metal EL ectrode Face (MELF) leadless components have

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with inward formed L-leads. These leads almost touch the metallized terminals at both ends of a cylindrical body.
body of the component. Inside are metal plates which Typical MELF components include diodes, resistors,
store and discharge electricity. capacitors and inductors. Polarity, value coding and CRDs
Class letter: C are the same for these components as for their surface
Prefix: None mount chip and through-hole counterparts. The smallest
Value Range: 0.001 µF to 1000 pF, 4 to 100 V dc. of the MELFs are called “mini-MELFs” and “micro-MELFs.”
Tolerance: None Class letter: Depends on component type.
Orientation: By polarity. Prefix: None
Polarity: Line, + or A on anode end. Beveled top on anode end. Value Code: Resistors have 4 or 5 bands which convey their value.
Tolerance: Resistors have a tolerance band.
Size Code: A tantalum capacitor’s size is described by one of four Orientation: By polarity.
letters: A, B, C, or D. These four size codes stand for Polarity: MELF diodes have a band at the cathode end.
metric footprints of length and width.

Tantalum Capacitor Sizes: MELF resistors are designed to fit same footprints
Size Codes as chip resistors, such as the 0805 (.08 x .05 inches)
and the 1206 (.12 x .06 inches).
A = 3.2 x 1 .6 mm
B = 3.5 x 2.8 mm
C = 6.0 x 3.2 mm
D = 7 .3 x 4 .3 mm

41 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 42
Surface Mount ● CHIPs, MELFs & SOTs Surface Mount ● CHIPs, MELFs & SOTs

transistors transistors

diodes diodes

SOT DPAK

Description: Small Outline Transistors (SOTs ) are rectangular Description: DPAKs are D iode Packages, which accommodate higher

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transistor or diode packages with three or more gull-wing powered groups of transistors and diodes. D2PAKs are
leads. The most popular size is the SOT23. Other package the largest surface mount transistor made and include a
sizes include the SOT89, SOT143 and SOT 223. SOTs have heat sink mounting pad. DPAKs have 3 gull wings on two
3 or 4 gull wings on two sides of their package. sides of package.
Class letter: Q for transistor packages; D or CR for diode packages. Class letter: Q for transistor packages; D or CR for diode packages.
Prefix: None Prefix: None
Value Code: By package size. Value Code: Determined by package size.
Tolerance: None Tolerance: None
Orientation: Determined by lead pattern, or number one lead. Orientation: Determined by lead pattern.
Polarity: None Polarity: None
Sizes: SOTs and DPAKs are designed to fit the same footprint as
their through-hole cousins. For instance, a D2PAK is
designed to fit the TO220 through-hole transistor.

43 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 44
Surface Mount ● The SOIC Family Surface Mount ● The SOIC Family

SOIC SO

Description: SOIC stands for Small Outline Integrated Circuit. The Description: SO stands for Small Outline. The original SOIC.

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SOIC family is made up of nearly a dozen different IC’s with # of Pins: 8-16
a variety of body sizes and lead styles. The number of Body Width: 156 mils (3.97 mm)
leads varies also, and is determined by the size of the IC’s Lead Type: Gull-wing
body. SOICs are usually referred to by their abbreviation, Lead Pitch: 50 mil (1.27 mm)
which may or may not include an “IC” at the end. This Class letter: U
makes for some confusion as the same package may be Other: IC or AR, C, Q, R, etc.
called by more than one name. Also, some SOIC names Value: None
have contradictory words in them. For instance, a SOL and Orientation: Indicated by a beveled edge over the number one lead,
a SOLIC are both names for the same IC—a Small Outline or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are
Large IC. counted counterclockwise from the number one lead.
# of Pins: 8-56 The PWB often has a square silkscreened at
Body Width: Various the pin one location.
Lead Type: Gull-wing, J-lead, flat and I-lead Polarity: None
Lead Pitch: From 19.7 to 50 mils
Class letter: U
Other: IC or AR, C, Q, R , etc.
Value: None
Orientation: Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one
lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are
counted counterclockwise from the number one lead.
The PWB often has a square silkscreened at the pin one
location.

45 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 46
Surface Mount ● The SOIC Family Surface Mount ● The SOIC Family

SOM SOL / SOW

Description: SOM stands for Small Outline, Medium. Description: SOL stands for Small Outline, Large; SOW stands for

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Commonly used for resistor networks. Small Outline, Wide. The name SOP, or Small Outline
# of Pins: 8-16 Package, is also used for this IC.
Body Width: 220 mils (5.6 mm) # of Pins: 16-32
Lead Type: Gull-wing Body Width: 300-440 mils (6.63 - 12.2 mm)
Lead Pitch: 50 mil (1.27 mm) Lead Type: Gull-wing
Class letter: U Lead Pitch: 50 mil (1.27 mm)
Other: IC or AR, C, Q, R, etc. Class letter: U
Value: None Other: IC or AR, C, Q, R, etc.
Orientation: Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one Value: None
lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are Orientation: Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one
counted counterclockwise from the number one lead. lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are
The PWB often has a square silkscreened at counted counterclockwise from the number one lead.
the pin one location. The PWB often has a square silkscreened at
Polarity: None the pin one location.
Polarity: None

47 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 48
Surface Mount ● The SOIC Family Surface Mount ● The SOIC Family

SOL-J VSOP

Description: SOL-J stands for Small Outline, Large, J-Lead. Also called Description: VSOP stands for Very Small Outline Package. Higher

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the SOJ. density gull-wing leads. Sometimes the name VSOP is
# of Pins: 16-40 used interchangeably with SSOP.
Body Width: 300-440 mils (6.63 - 12.2 mm) # of Pins: 32-56
Lead Type: J-lead Body Width: 300 mils (6.63 mm)
Lead Pitch: 50 mil (1.27 mm) Lead Type: Gull-wing
Class letter: U Lead Pitch: 25 mil (0.65 mm)
Other: IC or AR, C, Q, R, etc. Class letter: U
Value: None Other: IC or AR, C, Q, R, etc.
Orientation: Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one Value: None
lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are Orientation: Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one
counted counterclockwise from the number one lead. lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are
The PWB often has a square silkscreened at counted counterclockwise from the number one lead.
the pin one location. The PWB often has a square silkscreened at
Polarity: None the pin one location.
Polarity: None

49 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 50
Surface Mount ● The SOIC Family Surface Mount ● The SOIC Family

SSOP QSOP

Description: SSOP stands for Shrink Small Outline Package. Same as Description: QSOP stands for Quarter Small Outline Package.

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VSOP but with smaller case. Same as the original SO, but with 25 mil lead pitch instead
# of Pins: 8-30 of 50.
Body Width: 208 mils (5.3 mm) # of Pins: 20-56
Lead Type: Gull-wing Body Width: 156 mils (3.97 mm)
Lead Pitch: 25 mil (0.65 mm) Lead Type: Gull-wing
Class letter: U Lead Pitch: 25 mil (0.65 mm)
Other: IC or AR, C, Q, R, etc. Class letter: U
Value: None Other: IC or AR, C, Q, R, etc.
Orientation: Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one Value: None
lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are Orientation: Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one
counted counterclockwise from the number one lead. lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are
The PWB often has a square silkscreened at counted counterclockwise from the number one lead.
the pin one location. The PWB often has a square silkscreened at
Polarity: None the pin one location.
Polarity: None

51 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 52
Surface Mount ● The SOIC Family Surface Mount ● Large Scale ICs

TSOP LCC

Description: TSOP stands for Thin Small Outline Package. Description: LCC stands for Leadless Chip Carrier. LCCs are most

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Low profile package is only 1.0mm in height. commonly used in aerospace applications. LCCs are
# of Pins: 20-56 extremely rugged and have no leads to bend. They are
Body Width: 208 mils (5.3 mm) sometimes called LCCC for Leadless Ceramic Chip Carrier.
Lead Type: Gull-wing # of Pins: 16 - 124
Lead Pitch: 19.7 mil (0.5 mm) Body Type: Ceramic body, very rugged and able to withstand severe
Class letter: U operating conditions, like high temperatures.
Other: IC or AR, C, Q, R, etc. Lead Type: Solderable castellations
Value: None Lead Pitch: 50 mil (1.27 mm)
Orientation: Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one Class letter: U
lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are Other: IC or AR, C, Q, R, etc.
counted counterclockwise from the number one lead. Value: None
The PWB often has a square silkscreened at Orientation: Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one
the pin one location. castellation, or an end notch or stripe on the IC.
Polarity: None Castellations are
counted
counterclockwise
from number one.
The PWB often has
a square
silkscreened at the
pin number
one location.

53 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 54
Surface Mount ● Large Scale ICs Surface Mount ● Large Scale ICs

PLCC Flat Lead Package

Description: PLCC stands for Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier. PLCCs fit Description: Flat lead packages have leads extending from two sides.

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into IC sockets or may be soldered directly to the PWB. A # of Pins: 10 - 28
ceramic version of this IC package is called the CLCC, or Lead Type: Flat
Ceramic L eaded Chip Carrier. This name is easily confused Lead Pitch: 50 mil (1.27 mm)
with the LCCC which is a leadless component. Class letter: U
Lead Type: J-lead Other: IC or AR, C, Q, R, etc.
# of Pins: 20 - 100 Value: None
Body Type: Plastic Orientation: Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one
Lead Pitch: 50 mil (1.27 mm) lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are
Class letter: U counted counterclockwise from the number one lead when
Other: IC or AR, C, Q, R, etc. looking down at the component from the top. The PWB
Value: None often has a square silkscreened at the pin one location.
Orientation: Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one
lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are
counted counterclockwise from the number one lead when shown here
looking down at the component from the top. The PWB is the Flat Lug Lead,
often has a square silkscreened at the pin one location. another type of
flat lead device.

55 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 56
Surface Mount ● Large Scale ICs Surface Mount ● Large Scale ICs

QFP (MQFP) PQFP

Description: QFP stands for Quad Flat Pack. Also commonly called the Description: PQFP stands for Plastic Quad Flat Pack. The PQFP is

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MQFP, for Metric QFP. The QFP family is made up of a essentially the same as a QFP except that each corner
variety of different ICs. The “quad” part of Quad Flat Pack extends beyond the plane of the leads, forming a protective
tells us that leads extend from all four sides of the package. “bumper.” These bumpers protect the leads during handling
QFPs are high lead count, fine lead pitch devices. QFPs, like and assembly. PQFPs are built with true inch
most ICs, are usually referred to by their abbreviation, which measurements of their lead pitch. The 25 mil lead pitch
may or may not include a “QFP” at the end. A metal body version is .635mm, not the more common .65mm.
version of the QFP is called the MQUAD®, a registered # of Pins: 44-132
trademark of the Olin Corporation. A ceramic body, internal Body Type: Plastic
multilayer version of the QFP is called the CQFP. Lead Type: Gull-wing
# of Pins: 44-132 Lead Pitch: 25 mil (0.636 mm)
Body Type: Plastic (Also metal and ceramic) Class letter: U
Lead Type: Gull-wing Other: IC or AR, C, Q, R , etc.
Lead Pitch: 11.8 mil (0.3 mm) to 25.6 mil (0.65 mm) Value: None
Class letter: U Orientation: Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one
Other: IC or AR, C, Q, R, etc. lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are
Value: None counted counterclockwise from the number one lead.
Orientation: Indicated by a dot or a beveled edge over the number one The PWB often has a square silkscreened at
lead, or an end notch or stripe on the IC. Leads are the pin one location.
counted counterclockwise from the number one lead. The
PWB often has a square silkscreened at
the pin one location.

57 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 58
Surface Mount ● Large Scale ICs Reading Component Values

Axial Resistor Values

The value of a resistor
is expressed in a unit of electrical resistance called ohms (Ω) .

Axial resistors will often have 4 or 5 color bands

which are “read” using a
Resistor Band
Color Code Chart,
page 62.

BGA

Description: BGA stands for Ball Grid Array. Instead of conventional

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leads they use row upon row of tiny metal balls that are Axial resistors will
soldered to a matching set of lands on the PWB. sometimes have their
The rows make up a grid of connection points. wattage and tolerance values
# of Pins: 25 - 625 printed on them in number codes,
Body Type: Plastic, metal or ceramic
Lead Type: Ball grid
Lead Pitch: 1.5 mm and 50 mil (1.27 mm)
Class letter: U Numbered Resistors
Other: IC or AR, C, Q, R, etc.
Value: None The example below shows how to read the value and tolerance when
Orientation: Indicated by a dot or a a number and letter code system is used. You are provided with the
beveled edge over the value and multiplier numbers, such as the 1003 example where the 100
A1 lead, or an end notch is attached to 3 zeros to equal 100,000Ω
or stripe on the IC. 1 Tolerance
Leads are counted using a A 2 Letter Codes
grid system, similar to a 3 Tolerance is shown
4 with letters using
road map, starting with B
the A1 lead. these codes:
The PWB often has F = ±1%
a square silkscreened at C G = ±2%
the A1 location. J = ±5%
D K = ±10%
M = ±20%
Z = +80/-20%

59 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 60
Reading Component Values Reading Component Values

RESISTOR Band Color Codes

4-band Resistors

Value Bands: The first two color bands on 4-band resistors are
read as actual numbers.
Multiplier Band: The third band on 4-band resistors is called a
“multiplier band” because that color’s number on
the color chart shows how many zeros to add to
the end of the numbers from the first two bands.
Tolerance Band: The last band is the tolerance.

5-band Resistors
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Value Bands: The first three color bands on 5-band resistors are
read as actual numbers.
Multiplier Band: The fourth band on 5-band resistors is called a
“multiplier band” because that color’s number on
the color chart shows how many zeros to add to
the end of the numbers from the first three bands.
Tolerance Band: The last band is the tolerance.
Military 5-Band: A fifth, white band in a military 5-band resistor
means that the resistor has Military Solderable
Leads. Ignore the fifth band, and read as a
4-band resistor.

61 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 62
Reading Component Values Reading Component Values

Capacitor Values
CAPACITOR Band Color Codes
The value of a capacitor is expressed in a unit of electrical capacitance
called farads. A capacitor will have the value and tolerance marked on its body.
There are three units of measurement for capacitors, using farads:
• picofarads pF, The smallest unit of measurement.
• nanofarads nF, The middle range unit of measurement.
• microfarad µF, The largest unit of measurement.
The values on capacitors are usually printed in picofarads. The chart below will help
you convert from picofarads to nanofarads to microfarad:
picofarads - pF nanofarads - nF microfarad - µF
100,000,000 = 100,000 = 100
10,000,000 = 10,000 = 10
1,000,000 = 1,000 = 1
100,000 = 100 = .1
10,000 = 10 = .01
1,000 = 1 = .001
100 = .1 = .0001
10 = .01 = .00001
1 = .001 = .000001
.1 = .0001 = .0000001

Numbered Capacitors
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Values beginning with a decimal
are usually measured in microfarads (µF),
all other values are assumed to be in
picofarads (pF). Four-digit values are
If no tolerance is shown, also measured in picofarads, but without
the tolerance is ±20%.
a multiplier. (see 3300 cap shown left)
Some capacitors are coded with
a three-digit number which is similar to
the color-band system, except you are
provided with the value and multiplier
numbers, such as the 203 example below
where the 2 and 0 are attached to
3 zeros to equal 20,000 pF (or .02 µF).

Tolerance Letter Codes

F = ±1%
Tolerance is G = ±2%
shown with J = ±5%
letters using K = ±10%
these codes: M = ±20%
Z = +80/-20%

63 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual Component Identification Desk Reference Manual 64
Reading Component Values This reference manual does not take precedence over, or replace in any way, the requirments in
any IPC Standard or Specification. This manual is intended for use as an illustrated support
document to assist in the training of component identification. IPC disclaims any warranties or
guarantees, expressed or implied, and shall not be liable for damages of any kind in connection

INDUCTOR with the information set forth in DRM-18.

Band Color Codes

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If you have comments or suggestions

regarding this Desk Reference Manual,
please contact:
IPC Video/CBT
PO Box 389
Ranchos De Taos,
New Mexico, USA 87557
505.758.7937 x203
swede@ipcvideo.org

Inductors are valued in microhenries. The symbol for microhenries is µH. DRM-18
original - 9/95 -1m
The value for an inductor may be printed on the component body, or it may revision A - 4/96 -5m
revision B - 2/97 -5m
be printed with color bands, much in the same way as a resistor. revision C - 7/98 -5m
revision D - 7/99 -5m
revision E - 8/00 -5m
revision F - 8/01 -5m
65 Component Identification Desk Reference Manual