PHYSICS: PROBLEM SET m barrel?

(Assume the shell moves horizontally with

Answer the following problems. Show your COMPLETE constant acceleration and neglect friction.)
solution. BOX your final answers. 10. A woman weighs 120 lb. Determine (a) her weight in
*(4 points each required, no partial points for wrong and newtons (N) and (b) her mass in kilograms (kg).
unboxed answers) 11. If a man weighs 900 N on the Earth, what would he
weigh on Jupiter, where the acceleration due to gravity
Projectile Motion is 25.9 m/s2?
1. A piston that fires a signal flare gives it an initial 12. The systems shown in the figure are in equilibrium. If
velocity (muzzle exit) of 125 m/s at an angle of 55.0oC the spring scales are calibrated in newtons, what do
above the horizontal. You can ignore air resistance. they read? (Neglect the masses of the pulleys and
Find the flare’s maximum height and the distance from strings and assume the incline in part (c) is
its firing point to its landing point if it is fired (a) on frictionless.)
the level salt of Utah, and (b) over the flat Sea of
Tranquillity of the Moon, where g = 1.67 m/s2?

Newton’s Law of Motion

2. What force is needed to accelerate a child on a sled

(total mass = 60.0 kg) at 1.25 m/s2?
3. A net force of 265 N accelerates a bike and rider at
2.30 /s. What is the mass of the bike and rider together?
4. How much tension must a rope withstand if it is used
to accelerate a 960-kg car horizontally along a
frictionless surface at 1.20 m/s2?
5. What is the weight of a 76-kg astronaut (a) on Earth
(b) on the Moon (g = 1.7 m/s2), (c) on Mars (g = 3.7
m/s2) (d) in outer space traveling with constant
velocity?
6. A 20.0-kg box rests on a table (a) What is the weight
of the box and the normal force acting on it? (b) A
10.0-kg box is placed on top of the 20.0-kg box, as
shown in the figure. Determine the normal force that
the table exerts on the 20.0-kg box and the normal 13. Draw a free-body diagram of a block which slides
force that the 20.0 kg box exerts on the 10.0-kg box. down a frictionless plane having an inclination of θ =
15.0° (Refer to the figure below). The block starts
from rest at the top and the length of the incline is 2.00
m. Find (a) the acceleration of the block and (b) its
speed when it reaches the bottom of
the incline.

7. What average force is required to stop a 1100-kg car 14. A 1.00-kg object is observed to have an acceleration
in 8.0 s if the car is traveling at 95 kph? of 10.0 m/s2 in a direction 30.0° north of east (Refer to
8. A force F applied to an object of mass m1 produces an the figure below). The force F2 acting on the object has
acceleration of 3.00 m/s2. The same force applied to a a magnitude of 5.00 N and is directed north. Determine
second object of mass m2 produces an acceleration of the magnitude and direction of the force F1 acting on
1.00 m/s2. (a) What is the value of the ratio m1/m2? (b) the object.
If m1 and m2 are combined, find their acceleration
under the action of the force F.
9. The largest-caliber antiaircraft gun operated by the
German air force during World War II was the 12.8-
cm Flak 40. This weapon fired a 25.8-kg shell with a
muzzle speed of 880 m/s. What propulsive force was
necessary to attain the muzzle speed within the 6.00-
 21. A 0.300-kg ball has a speed of 15.0 m/s. (a) What is its
kinetic energy? (b) What If? If its speed were doubled,
what would be its kinetic energy?

Kinetic Friction

22. A 2.00-kg block is attached to a spring of force

constant 500 N/m as in the figure. The block is pulled
5.00 cm to the right of equilibrium and released from
rest. Find the speed of the block as it passes through
15. A 5.00-kg object placed on a frictionless, horizontal equilibrium if (a) the horizontal surface is frictionless
table is connected to a string that passes over a pulley and (b) the coefficient of friction between block and
and then is fastened to a hanging 9.00-kg object, as in surface is 0.350.
the figure. Draw free-body diagrams of both objects. 23. A sled of mass m is given a kick on a frozen pond. The
Find the acceleration of the two objects and the tension kick imparts to it an initial speed of 2.00 m/s. The
in the string. coefficient of kinetic friction between sled and ice is
0.100. Use energy considerations to find the distance
the sled moves before it stops.

Work and Power

24. The electric motor of a model train accelerates the train

from rest to 0.620 m/s in 21.0 milliseconds. The total
mass of the train is 875 grams. Find the average power
delivered to the train during the acceleration.
25. A 700-N Marine in basic training climbs a 10.0-m
vertical rope at a constant speed in 8.00 s. What is his
Work Done by a Constant Force power output?
26. With the aid of a pulley, a mechanic raises an engine
16. A block of mass 2.50 kg is pushed 2.20 m along a block to a height of 5 m in 1 minute applying an
frictionless horizontal table by a constant 16.0-N force average power of 33 watts. What is the mass of the
directed 25.0° below the horizontal. Determine the engine?
work done on the block by (a) the applied force, (b)
the normal force exerted by the table, and (c) the Temperature and Thermometers
gravitational force. (d) Determine the total work done
27. Which is larger, 1 Co or 1Fo?
on the block.
28. (a) Room temperature is often taken to be 68oF. What
Non-isolated System-Conservation of Energy is this on the Celsius scale? (b) the temperature of the
filament in a lightbulb is about 1800oC. What is this on
17. A shopper in a supermarket pushes a cart with a force the Fahrenheit scale?
of 35.0 N directed at an angle of 25.0° downward from 29. Among the highest ant lowest temperatures recorded
the horizontal. Find the work done by the shopper on are 136oF in the Libyan desert and -129oF in
the cart as he moves down an aisle 50.0 m long. Antarctica. What are these temperatures in the Celsius
18. A raindrop of mass 3.35 × 10-5 kg falls vertically at scale?
constant speed under the influence of gravity and air 30. (a) 15o below zero on the Celsius scale is what
resistance. Model the drop as a particle. As it falls 100 Fahrenheit temperature? (b) 15o below zero on the
m, what is the work done on the raindrop (a) by the Fahrenheit scale is what in Celsius temperature?
gravitational force and (b) by air resistance? 31. In an alcohol-in-glass thermometer, the alcohol
column has length 11.82 at 0.0oC and length 22.85 cm
Work Done by a Varying Force
at 100.0oC. What is the temperature if the column has
19. If it takes 4.00 J of work to stretch a Hooke’s-law length (a) 16.70 cm, and (b) 20.50 cm?
spring 10.0 cm from its unstressed length, determine
Thermal Expansion
the extra work required to stretch it an additional 10.0
cm. 32. A concrete highway is built of slabs 12 m long (20oC).
20. A 0.600-kg particle has a speed of 2.00 m/s at point A How wide should the expansion cracks between the
and kinetic energy of 7.50 J at point B. What is (a) its slabs be (at 20oC) to prevent buckling if the range of
kinetic energy at A? (b) its speed at B? (c) the total temperature is -30oC to +50oC?
work done on the particle as it moves from A to B? 33. Super InvarTM, an alloy of iron and nickel, is a strong
material with a very low coefficient of linear
 expansion [0.2 × 10-6 (Co)-1]. A 2.0-m-long tabletop
made of this alloy is used for sensitive laser
measurements where extremely high tolerances are
required. How much will this table expand along its
length if the temperature increases 5.0 Co? Compare to
tabletops made of steel.
34. The Eiffel tower is built of wrought iron
approximately 300 m tall. Estimate how much its
height changes between July (average temperature of
25oC) and January (average temperature of 2oC).
Ignore the angles of the iron beams, and treat the tower
as a vertical beam.
35. To make a secure fit, rivets that are larger than the rivet
hole are often used and the rivet is cooled (usually in
dry ice) before it is places in the hole 1.869 cm in
diameter at 20oC. To what temperature must the rivet
be cooled if it is to fit in the hole?

Fluid Mechanics

36. Calculate the mass of a solid iron sphere that has a

diameter of 3.00 cm. (Density of iron = 7860 kg/m3)
37. A 50.0-kg woman balances on one heel of a pair of
high-heeled shoes. If the heel is circular and has a
radius of 0.500 cm, what pressure does she exert on
the floor?
38. An object has a specific weight of 2.23 kN/m3.
Determine the specific volume of the object in cm3/g.

Coulomb’s Law

39. The electron and proton of a hydrogen atom are

separated (on the average) by a distance of
approximately 5.3 × 10-11 m. Find the magnitudes of
the electric force and the gravitational force between
the two particles.

Refraction of Light

40. What is the critical angle for a light passing from a

diamond to air if the index of refraction of diamond is
2.42?