All Rights Reserved Confidential

Department of Examinations – Sri Lanka

G.C.E. (A/L) Examination – 2021(2022)

01 – Physics

Marking Scheme

This document has been prepared for the use of Marking Examiners
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Distribution of Marks

01. Paper I – 1 × 50 = 50

02. Paper II

Part A – 20 Marks for each Question – 20 × 4 = 80

Part B – 30 Marks for each Question – 30 × 4 =

Final Marks – Paper I = 50

– Paper II - = 50

Total Marks = 50+ = 100

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Common Techniques of Marking Answer Scripts.

It is compulsory to adhere to the following standard method in marking answer scripts
and entering marks into the mark sheets.
1. Use a red color ball point pen for marking. (Only Chief/Additional Chief Examiner may
use a mauve color pen.)

2. Note down Examiner's Code Number and initials on the front page of each answer script.

3. Write off any numerals written wrong with a clear single line and authenticate the
alterations with Examiner's initials.

4. Write down marks of each subsection in a and write the final marks of each question
as a rational number in a with the question number. Use the column assigned for
Examiners to write down marks.
Example: Question No. 03
(i) …………………...................................
……………………................................ √ 4
……………………................................ 5

(ii) ……………………................................ 3
……………………............................... √ 5
…………………...............................…

(iii) ……………………............................... 3
……………………............................... √ 5
…………………...............................…
4 10
03 (i) + (ii) 3 (iii) 3 =
5 15
5 5

MCQ answer scripts: (Template)

1. Marking templets for G.C.E.(A/L) and GIT examination will be provided by the
Department of Examinations itself. Marking examiners bear the responsibility of using
correctly prepared and certified templates.

2. Then, check the answer scripts carefully. If there are more than one or no answers
Marked to a certain question write off the options with a line. Sometimes candidates may
have erased an option marked previously and selected another option. In such occasions,
if the erasure is not clear write off those options too.

3. Place the template on the answer script correctly. Mark the right answers with a '√' and
the wrong answers with a 'X' against the options column. Write down the number of
correct answers inside the cage given under each column. Then, add those numbers and
write the number of correct answers in the relevant cage.

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Structured essay type and assay type answer scripts:

1. Cross off any pages left blank by candidates. Underline wrong or unsuitable answers.
Show areas where marks can be offered with check marks.

2. Use the right margin of the overland paper to write down the marks.

3. Write down the marks given for each question against the question number in the relevant
cage on the front page in two digits. Selection of questions should be in accordance with
the instructions given in the question paper. Mark all answers and transfer the marks to
the front page, and write off answers with lower marks if extra questions have been
answered against instructions.

4. Add the total carefully and write in the relevant cage on the front page. Turn pages of
answer script and add all the marks given for all answers again. Check whether that total
tallies with the total marks written on the front page.

Preparation of Mark Sheets.

Except for the subjects with a single question paper, final marks of two papers will not be
calculated within the evaluation board this time. Therefore, add separate mark sheets for each of
the question paper. Write paper 01 marks in the paper 01 column of the mark sheet and write
them in words too. Write paper II Marks in the paper II Column and right the relevant details.

***

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Y%S ,xld úNd. fomd¾;fïka;j=

,yq;ifg; guPl;irj; jpizf;fsk;
w'fmd'i ^W'fm<& $f.ngh.j. (cau; ju)g; guPl;ir- 2021^2022&
úIhh wxlh úIhh
ghl ,yf;fk;
01 ghlk;;
PHYSICS

,l=Kq §fï mámdáh $ Gs;sptoq;Fk; jpl;lk;

I m;%h $ gj;jpuk; I

m%Yak ms<s;=re m%Yak ms<s;=re m%Yak ms<s;=re m%Yak ms<s;=re m%Yak ms<s;=re
wxlh wxlh wxlh wxlh wxlh wxlh wxlh wxlh wxlh wxlh
tpdh tpil tpdh tpil tpdh tpil tpdh tpil tpdh tpil
,y. ,y. ,y. ,y. ,y. ,y. ,y. ,y. ,y. ,y.

01. 2 11. 4 21. 3 31. 3 41. 4

02. 1 12. 3 22. 2 32. 1 42. 4

03. 4 13. 1 23. 1 33. 1 43. 1

04. 5 14. 5 24. 2 34. 4 44. 3

05. 4 15. 3 25. 2 35. 3 45. 2

06. 4 16. 2 26. 5 36. 5 46. 4

07. 4 17. 1 27. 2 37. 1 47. 2

08. 3 18. 5 28. 3 38. 3 48. 3

09. 2 19. 5 29. 1 39. 2 49. 5

10. 1 20. 1 30. 2 40. 3 50. 5

úfYaIWmfoia$tpNrlmwpTWj;jy; (
tlams<s;=rlg$xUrupahdtpilf;F,l=Kq01 ne.ska$Gs;sptPjk;
uq`: ,l=Kq$nkhj;jg; Gs;spfs; 1 50} 50

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√ ……………………………………………(02)

( ) ……………………………………………(01)

(electronic/ digital) Stopwatch / Stop clock …………………………(02)

……(01)
[The arrow head should be reasonably close to the pointer at the same side, same
level, arrow head should be clearly drawn pointing towards the pointer]
[No marks for drawing the arrow at any other position]

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To accurately determine the beginning and end positions of oscillations OR

To determine the equilibrium position of oscillations accurately OR
To determine the number of oscillations accurately OR
To minimize the error in time measurement/to measure the time accurately
……………………(01)

Small error/ uncertainty in (the measurement) T would result a large error in T 2 OR

T2 is used for plotting the graph …………………(01)

The least count of the stopwatch …………………(02)

………………… (01)

………………… (01)

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………(01)

(Identify the gradient as

Selecting points (80, 30) and (280, 80) ………(01)

[If the student has selected any other points which lie on the line award the rest of the
marks if the final answer is correct]

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(for substitution) ………(01)

………(01)

………(02)

(or 160 N s-2 or 160 kg m s-4)

(01 mark for the correct value only)

Mass of the spring is not negligible OR due to mass of the spring ………(02)

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Appropriate level : B …………………………………… (01)

Appropriate thermometer : P OR thermometer with the to 50 °C range …….(02)

The least count of P is smallest OR least count of P is 0.2 °C OR temperatures can be

measured more accurately OR fractional/percentage error of temperature measurement is
smallest/lowest/minimum OR sensitivity of the thermometer is high
……………………………………………..(01)

Stirrer OR stirrer with a mesh ……………………...(01)

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Experimental steps:
Add one piece of ice at a time into water …………………………(01)
Stir well until it is completely dissolved ………………………….(01)
Observation: Observe the beginning of disappearing of shining of the calorimeter
surface OR observe beginning of deposition of dew on the calorimeter surface
……………………………….(01)
[No marks for appearance of water droplets]

Experimental steps:
Stop adding ice …………………………….(01)
Continue stirring …………………………….(01)
Observation: Observe the shine of the calorimeter surface begins to reappear
OR observe the beginning of disappearance of dew on the calorimeter surface
……………………………….(01)

May need a large volume of water OR calorimeter will fill up/water will spill
before reaching the dew point OR temperature drop of water in the calorimeter
may be insufficient OR heat lost by water in the calorimeter may be insufficient
………………….(01)

(1) Temperature near the calorimeter will be changed.

(3) Water vapour in exhale air striking the calorimeter surface will be condensed
[Any two above – 01 mark each] ……………………..(02)

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The best plate: M ………………..(02)

(1) (For not selecting L): It does not have sufficient size/area OR it does not prevent exhale
air reaching the calorimeter surface OR it does not prevent deposition of water vapour in
exhale air on the calorimeter surface ………………(01)

(2) (For not selecting N): It obstructs stirring OR difficult to perform stirring with it OR
difficult to reach the calorimeter with it (to perform stirring) ……………(01)

Relative humidity: 80% ……………………..(02)

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( ) ………………………………….. (02)

Move the travelling microscope upward (until a clear image of O is seen) …….. (02)

Float few fine plastic pieces/powder on liquid ...........................(01)

and move the microscope (further) upward until a clear image of plastic pieces/powder
are seen. (Take reading z) ………………………...............................(01)
(No marks for stating that the travelling microscope has to be focused)

h=z-x .......................................................................................(01)
d=y-x .......................................................................................(01)
e mixed]

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h (OR The height of the liquid) ..........................................................................(01)

d (OR Apparent displacement) ....................................................(01)

............................... (02)

[02 mark for labelling d and h properly and straight line through (0, 0)/ appears as going
through (0, 0)]
{Only 01 mark for labelling d and h properly and a line with positive gradient with an
intercept. No marks for a line without labelling axes}

Gradient ( ) .................................(01)

........................................................................................(01)

........................................................................................(01)

..........................................................................(01)

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............................................................................................(01)
[For identifying total displacement is equal to the sum of two individual displacement]

( )

(for subtraction) .....................................................................(01)

( )

.....................................................................(02)

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Plug key …….. (01)

1000 Ω …….. (01)

Open K2 (and close key K1 ) …….. (01)

Touch the sliding key with both ends of the wire and check whether the deflections of the
galvanometer are in opposite directions …….. (01)

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…….. (02)

Value : 26 Ω …….. (01)

Reason : Then balance point is in the middle of the wire which minimizes the
fractional/percentage/end error of length measurements. …….. (01)

…….. (01)

…….. (01)

( )
OR OR …….. (01)

Average of d = (0.39 + 0.40 + 0.40 + 0.41)/4 = 0.40 mm …….. (01)

( )
(for substitution) …….. (01)

] …….. (01)

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NOTE:

[If R = 9 Ω, , S = 24.3 Ω

( )

If R = 56 Ω, , S = 24.0 Ω

( )
]

…….. (01)
At the room temperature

At 100 °C, …….. (01)

…….. (01)

[ ] …….. (01)
NOTE:
[At the room temperature

At 100 °C,

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(a) Take moment about A:

A ; .................. (02)
[01 mark for identifying ]
..............................................(02)

(b) (i) Pascal's principle. .......................................................................(01)

(ii) .......................................................................(01)

(For substitution) ...........................................(01)

.......................................................................(01)

(iii) Pressure

(For dividing by correct area) ...........................................(01)

( N m-2) ( 01 mark for value only) ...........................(02)

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(c) (i) The moment of inertia of the pulley .................(01)

I = 1 kg m2
r 

800 kg 0.5 m s-2

8000 N

Apply F= ma for the upward motion of the steel cylinder

; .....................................(02)

Apply for the rotational motion of the pulley

B
; ....................................(02)

(01 mark for using ( ) and 01 mark for the correct expression)

(01 mark for value only) ...................................(02)

(ii) If the velocity of the steel cylinder is v and the angular velocity of the pulley is 
then

Using the law of conservation of mechanical energy after falling a height h,

....................................................................(02)

...........................................(01)

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……………………………………........................(02)

Alternative method:
Apply F= ma for the downward motion of the steel cylinder
; ------------------.....................................(01)

Apply for the rotational motion of the pulley

;
B ...........................................(01)

---------------------
+;

...........................................(01)

; , ; ;

Apply

;

……………..........................(02)

(iii) Perfect inelastic collision. .......................................................................(01)

The kinetic energy loss is maximum .......................................................................(01)

(iv) If the velocity after the collision is , apply the law of conservation of linear momentum
for the collision;
; (for substitution) ................................(01)
…………………...............(01)

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(v) Apply the law of conservation of energy for the combined system.
The initial kinetic energy is lost for work done against frictional force (F). The change in
potential energy is very small and can be neglected.

........................................................(01)

.............................(02)

{If potential energy is considered,

..................................................(01)

.............................(02)}

Alternative method:
; , ; , ;
Apply
; ........................................................(01)

Apply

;

................(02)

{If the weight of the combine object is considered, then

.............................(02)}

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(a)The Doppler effect is the apparent change in the observed frequency/wavelength of a wave
when there is relative motion between the source (producing the waves) and the observer.
………………………..…………...(02)

(b) The velocity of air is considered at rest relative to the earth/assumed to be zero OR assume
that air is not blowing (moving) OR assume that air is still …………………………
(01)

(c) (i) ( ) …………………………………… (02)

(ii) ( ) ……………………………………… (02)

(iii) ( )( )

( ) ……………………………............ (02)

(iv) ……………………………………… (01)

( )

*( ) +

…………………………… (02)

since

(v) 7000 = (for correct substitution) ……………… (02)

m s-1 …………………………………… (01)

… (02) -1

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(d) No ……………………………… (01)

speed (c) of e.m. waves/micro waves do not depend on motion of wind
OR e.m. waves/micro waves do not need a medium to propagate ....................(02)

(e) It will be less ………………………………………………...(01)

The measured speed towards the speed trap would be a component of the car’s speed OR
ucos , (where is the angle between the direction of the car and the line joining the speed
trap) OR a diagram drawn as shown
……………………………………... (02)

𝜃
u

(f) (i) (for correct substitution) ……………(01)

Hz …………………………… (02)
(Do not consider the negative sign)
(ii) The car is moving away relative to police car/speed trap OR the separation between the
car and the police car/speed trap is increasing. (Therefore the observed frequency is
less than )
[Do not award marks for this part]

(iii) Method mentioned in (c) …………………………………….. (01)

Observed Doppler shift in (c) is large compared to the method in (f) ………... (01)
Therefore the speed of the car can be measured more accurately OR
fractional/percentage error in the speed measurement is small …………….......(01)

………… (01)

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7. (a) (i) ..................................................................................................(02)

U (upthrust)
(ii)
F (viscous force)
v

mg (weight)

Weight …………………………………………............................(01)

Up thrust ..............................................................................................(01)

Viscous force

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When moving at terminal velocity, there is no resultant force on the sphere

(OR identification of no acceleration and hence at equilibrium of forces)
OR ............(01)

...............................................................(02)

(The above 02 marks allocated for mg and U can be awarded here)

.............................................................(02)

(Award 02 marks for (a)(ii) part if the expression is written without derivation)

(b) r = 1 m = 110-6 m,  = 1000 kg m-3  = 1900 kg m-3 and  = 1.010-3 Pa s

Substitute in

(for substitution) ..................(02)

....................................................................(02)

Time = s (for substitution of values) ...........................(01)

t = 5  104 s ....................................................................(01)

(c)(i) r = 10 m = 110-5 m,  = 1080 kg m-3 and  = 2.010-5 Pa s

Substitute in (for identifying  = 0 in the equation) .....................(01)

...................................(02)

...................................(02)

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(ii)

v
Horizontal component
20 m s-1

(0, 0) t
(Award marks only for the correct shape and no terminal velocity) ........................(02)
(Do not look for the value of the velocity axis; do not consider the labeling the axis, curve
does not need to touch the t axis)
v Vertical component

1.2 cm s-1
(A line reaching the terminal velocity) .....................(02)

(0, 0) t
(Do not look for the value of the velocity axis, do not consider the labeling the axis)

(iii) Time = (for substitution of values) ......................(01)

t = 125 s ..................................(01)

(iv) As a result of evaporation, the radius (diameter/ size) of the droplets reduces and the
terminal velocity will be reduced. ...............................(01)
Therefore, the droplets will stay a longer time in air and the horizontal distance will
increase. ................................(01)
(v) Due to low atmospheric temperature or high relative humidity, the evaporation (of liquid
from the surface) will be less. ..............................(01)
f
......(01)

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(a) (i). …….. (02)

(ii). To move the charge particle in a circular path acts as a centripetal force
towards the center

…….. (01)

…….. (01)

(iii). Time taken to complete one circle …….. (01)

…….. (01)

(iv).(I).

…….. (01)

m …….. (01)

(II).

Number of revolution per unit time

…….. (01)

…….. (01)

(b) (i).
Velocity component parallel to the direction of the magnetic field is
Due to the magnetic field there is no effect on the parallel velocity component, therefore
it pushes the charge particle to travel along the field direction …….. (01)

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Velocity component perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field is

Velocity component/ is perpendicular to the magnetic field. Therefore due to
particle moves in a circular path
…….. (01 …….. (01)
The resultant of above two paths gives a helical path. …….. (02)

(ii).

…….. (01)

…….. (01)

(iii).
…….. (02)

(iv). …….. (01)

…….. (01)

(v). …….. (01)

OR

Time taken …….. (01)

(c). (i) Since the magnetic force is perpendicular to the velocity there is no work done
OR, kinetic energy is constant OR = constant OR speed is a constant .….. (01)

(OR )

.….. (01)

….. (01)
Therefore, at position P radius is smaller than that of at position Q

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(ii) The force F is in a direction perpendicular to the plane made by v and B and towards
the center plane of the magnetic bottle.

v F
v
R
B
P B B
Q F
F v

Only the correct direction of F is accepatble …….. (03)

[01 mark for each correct diagram]

(iii). The components of the force F at P and R along the direction of the axis of the
bottle vary with position and always directed towards the center plane of the
bottle. (Therefore, charge particle oscillates back and forth between the two ends
of the magnetic bottle)
…….. (02)

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(a) (i). Total free electrons in the wire = ………(01)

(ii).
Total charge flowing in the metallic conductor during a time t = n e l A ………(01)

I= = neAv ….……(01)

………(01)

(b) (i). Series

………(01)

(For identifying that same current flows through both wires)

………(01)

………(01)

(ii). Parallel

………(01)

(For identifying that same voltage appear across both wires)

………(01)

………(01)

[If a student argues that the electric field acting along both wires is the same and

therefore the corresponding drift velocities are the same award all 03 marks]

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(iii) Series

OR

………(02)

[for identifying > – 01 mark]

Parallel

…………………………(02)

(c) (i).
………(01)

………(02)
(ii).

Kinetic Energy = ………(01)

Thermal Energy = ………(01)

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= ………(01)

(for equating L.H.S. with R.H.S)

m s-1 ………(01)

(iii).
The average thermal velocity of free electrons is zero OR Free electrons are moving
in all (random) directions OR Net velocity of free electrons is zero …(02)

(d) (i).
………(01)

………(01)

m2 V -1 s-1 (02 marks for the correct value) ………(02)

(ii).

New ………(01)

New as a percentage = = 91.6 %

Percentage reduction = (for taking the difference) ………(01)

= 8.3 % [ 8 - 9 %] ………(01)

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(a) (Hypothesized) silicon diode/(practical model of a) silicon diode ………………..(02)

(b) (i)

A(V) B(V) (V)

0 0 0.7 V
0 5 0.7 V
5 0 0.7 V
5 5 5V
…………………… (02)
[For any three entries correct – 01 mark]

A(V) B(V) (V)

0 0 0V
0 5 4.3 V
5 0 4.3 V
5 5 4.3 V

………………………… (02)
[For any three entries correct – 01 mark]
(ii) Fig. (2) AND gate ……………………….. (02)

Fig. (3) OR gate ………………………… (02)

A B F

0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0 ………………………… (02)

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A B F

0 0 0
0 1 1
……………………… (02)
1 0 1
1 1 1

(iii)

……………………………… (01)

kΩ OR Ω …………………………… (01)

………………………… (01)

kΩ OR Ω ………………………… (01)
(c) (i)

T D W F
0 0 0 0 T D W F
0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
OR 1 0 1 1
0 1 0 0
0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
1 0 1 1
1 1 0 1 ………………….. (04)
1 1 1 1 [ 01 mark for each correct row with T = 1]
(ii)
̅ ̅ + TDW ………………………… (03)
[01 mark for each correct term]

(iii) ̅ ̅ + W)
̅ ̅

………………………… (02)

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(iv)
T
F

D
W

……………………… (03)
[No marks for any other circuit]

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10A

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(a). (i).
Amount of energy produced in 1 s = 800 J

Amount of heat produced in 1 s = …….. (01)

Amount of heat produced in 30 min =

= …….. (01)

(ii). Heat
…….. (01)
…….. (01)

(iii). Volume of 1 kg
Volume of = …….. (01)
Volume of water …….. (01)

(iv).
…….. (01)
Temperature rise of the body during the 30 minutes period …….. (01)

(b).(i).

…….. (01)

Final volume of air inhaled inside the lungs after a breath = 4.65 x 10-4 m3 …….. (01)

(ii). …….. (01)

work done by lungs = 1.0x105 x 4.65 x 10-4 …….. (01)

Rate of work done by the lungs = (award this mark for x ) …….. (01)

Rate of work done by the lungs …….. (01)

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(c).(i).

OR

…….. (02)
(ii).

…….. (01)

Vapour pressure in the room is = 24 mm Hg …….. (01)

(iii). …….. (01)

Absolute humidity of water vapour at room temperature = …….. (01)

The mass of water vapour in the gymnasium = …….. (01)

= 13500 g (13.5 kg) …….. (01)

(iv). Evaporated mass of water
Total amount of water in the room after 30 minutes = 1800 g + 13500 g = g
…….. (01)

Amount of water vapour in 1 m3 = …….. (01)

Relative humidity …….. (01)

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(v). Amount of water vapour in 1 m3 = …….. (02)

(for subtraction 01, correct substitution 01)

Final relative humidity = % (for substitution) …….. (01)

Final relative humidity of the air at 20 °C …….. (01)

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(a) (i). Nature of the surface/emissivity, area of the surface, surface temperature, material

(Any two of above factors) …… (02)

(ii).

…… (01)

(For correct substitution)

…… (01)

…… (01)

(For correct substitution)

…… (01)
(iii). Infrared / IR …… (02)

(b) (i).
Matt black: 87 0C …… (01)
Shiny black: 72 0C …… (01)
Matt white: 47 0C …… (01)
Shiny silver: 37 0C …… (01)

(ii). Matt black …… (02)

(iii).
Temperature of the Matt black surface= 273 +87 = 360 K
Temperature of the Shiny silver surface = 273 + 37 = 310 K
Temperature of the Room Temperature = 273+ 27 = 300 K
Relative emissivity (eshiny silver) of the shiny silver surface

= … (01)

= 0.125 (0.13) … (01)

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(c) (i). To reduce the heat transfer by conduction and convection … (02)

(01 mark for conduction and 01 mark for convection)

(ii). Prevent heat loss via radiation ………(02)
(iii).

( )
( )

( )
………(02)
( )

(substituting correct temperatures in Kelvin - 01 mark)

( )
………(01)

= 6.6 W m-2 (correct value 01 mark only) ………(02)

(iv).

………(02)

6.6 = ………(01)

l=

l = 73 cm ………(02)

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