Adil Ahsanullah Khan
Adil Ahsanullah Khan
CORPORATE OF GOVERNANCE
A PROJECT SUBMIT TO
Master’s in commerce
(Advanced Accountancy)
UNDER THE FACULTY OF COMMERCE
By
ROLL NO-
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Declaration by learner
I the undersigned Mr. Adil Ahsanullah Khan here by, declare that the work embodied in
this project work titled “,corporate of governance " forms my own contribution to the research
work carried out under the guidance of‘Prof. ,'is a result of my own research and has not
been previously submitted to any other University for any other Degree/ Diploma to this or
any other University.
Wherever reference has been made to previous works of others, it has been clearly indicated
as such and included in the bibliography.
I, here by further declare that all the information provided in the project is true and to the best
of my knowledge.
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Certificate
This is to certify that Mr. Adil Ahsanullah Khan has worked and duly completed his Project
Work for the degree of Master’s in Advanced Accountancy the Faculty of Commerce in
the subject of Account and his project is entitled, “corporate of governance” under my
supervision.
I further certify that the entire work has been done by the learner under my guidance and that
no part of it has been submitted for any Degree or Diploma of any University.
It is his own work and facts reported by his personal findings and investigations.
________________________ __________________________
________________________
Vice-Principal Principal
College Seal
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Acknowledgement
To list who all have helped me is difficult because they are so numerous and the depth is so
enormous.
I would like to acknowledge the following as being idealistic channels and fresh dimensions
in the completion of this project.
I take this opportunity to thank the University of Mumbai for giving me chance to do this
project.
I would like to thank my Principal, providing the necessary facilities required for completion
of this project.
I take this opportunity to thank theVice-Principalfor her moral support and guidance.
I would like to thank my College Library, for having provided various reference books and
magazines related to my project.
Lastly, I would like to thank each and every person who directly or indirectly helped me in
the completion of the project especially my Parents and Peers who supported me throughout
my project.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Investment is a term with several closely-related meanings in businessmanagement, finance
and economics, related to saving or deferring consumption. An asset is usually purchased, or
equivalently a deposit is made in a bank, in hopes of getting a future return or interest from it.
The word originates in the Latin "vestis", meaning garment, and refers to the act of putting
things (money or other claims to resources) into others' pockets.
The investment decision (also known as capitalbudgeting) is one of the fundamental decisions
of business management: managers determine the assets that the business enterprise obtains.
These assets may be physical (such as buildings or machinery), intangible (such as patents,
software, goodwill), or financial (see below). The manager must assess whether the net
present value of the investment to the enterprise is positive; the net present value is calculated
using the enterprise's marginal cost of capital.
A business might invest with the goal of making profit. It might also invest with the goal of
controlling or influencing the operation of the second company, the investee. Hence, a
company can have none, some or total control over the investee 's strategic, operating,
investing and financing decisions.
This project of mine explains investment in prospect of capital market, where in I have
analyzed that as an investor where the person should invest its money…in real estate or in
mutual funds.
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INDEX
CHAP SUB PARTICULARS NO.
NO. NO.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 10
1 INTRODUCTION
11-13
2.1 OBJECTIVES 15
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5 REVIEW OF STUDY 53
7 75
CONCLUSION
8 76
SUGGESTION
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9 BIBLIOGRAPHY 77
78
10 ANNEXURE
LIST OF TABLES
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3.6.1 GRATUITY 27
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4.4.1 IT COMMITTEE 47
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LIST OF CHARTS
6.2 OCCUPATION 60
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTON
Corporate Governance has also been defined as “Is the act of externally
directing, controlling and evaluating the corporation” and related to the
definition of Governance as “The act of externally directing, controlling and
evaluating an entity, process or resource.” In this sense Governance and
Corporate Governance both are different from management because
Governance must be EXTERNAL to the object being governed. Governing
agents do not have personal control over, and are not part of the object that
they govern. For example, it is not possible for a CIO (Chief Information
Officer) to govern the IT function. They are personally accountable for the
strategy and management of the function. As such, they “manage” the IT
function; they do not “govern” it. At the same time there may be number of
policy, authorised by the board that the CIO follows.Without these policies,
procedure and indicators, the board has no way of governing the corporate.
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Operational Excellence
Customer Focus
Product
1.6 Corporate Governance of HDFC Bank
HDFC Bank recognizes the importance of good corporate governance, which
is generally accepted as a key factor in attaining fairness for all stakeholders
and achieving organisational efficiency. This Corporate Governance Policy,
therefore, is established to provide a direction and framework for managing
and monitoring the bank in accordance with the principles of good Corporate
Governance.
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2.1 Objectives
1. To know the shareholders right and participation in the voting of the company.
10. To provide the compliance with the mandatory and non-mandatory requirements in
the company.
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It lowers the capital cost. In HDFC, because of strictly following the rules and
regulations there is no chance of fraud and this leads to lower the capital cost.
Corporate governance of HDFC bank is studied for the purpose of knowing the
areas of benefits in the corporate.
The Study provides transparency about the accounts, rules and regulations
followed by them is known in the study. Corporate governance helps the
company in maintaining the goodwill, increase in market price, retaining the
aura in the market, maintaining a different status from another corporate
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A review of the objectives of the corporate governance codes reveal that their
aims can vary but with a general focus on the economic performance of bank,
their accountability, access to capital, and operations of their board. However
none of the codes advocate best practices appear to offer a test for defining
when good governance is achieved.
The study of corporate governance in HDFC bank has a limitation of not being
clarified about the codes and conduct that the bank follows internally, whether
this is followed actually in the corporate. The facts and figures shown in the
brochures, journals, business magazine, annual report, etc. through which the
data is collected might be because of window dressing done. The actual
evaluation of the data might be hidden to show a good financial position in the
market.
The problem in the corporate during the particular financial year 2017-18 may
not be shown to the outside world just to make a good standing in the market.
The scams information is not provided in the website and makes the world
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Rules and regulations in the HDFC might be strict but it is not possible for the
human being that they strictly follows it, might be possible that there are faults
made during the year by the employees or any board of directors; but not
known to us during the study.
Indian banking sectors comprises of many private sector banks, public sector,
co-operative banks, etc. Though Corporate Governance binds to all types of
banks but for precise focus, I have selected the HDFC bank, which is a part of
private sector. From the bank, sample size taken into consideration for the
study is:
Board of directors
Employees
Shareholders
Auditors’ report
Annual report of the company
Different Committees of the company
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I have also taken into consider the responses of 100 people of Mumbai city
whom questions were asked regarding HDFC bank.
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Investors and shareholders have a financial stake in the Bank and are therefore
key stakeholders. The Bank must safeguard their interests, maintain a healthy
relationship and create value for them. The Bank communicates with them on
all major issues and their suggestions/recommendations are placed directly
before the Board. Shareholders also get to interact with the Board at Annual
General Meetings (AGM) and open houses. The relevant issues are taken up by
the Board for further discussion.
Particulars % of
capital
Promoters (*) 20.93
Others 9.18
Total 100.00
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(*) None of the equity shares held by the Promoter Group are under pledge.
(#) JP Morgan Chase Bank is the Depository for both the ADS (461557764
underlying equity shares) & GDRs (11430383 underlying equity shares)
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To transfer the shares and receive the share certificates upon transfer within the period
prescribed in the SEBI Listing Regulations.
To receive notice of general meetings, annual report, the balance sheet and profit and
loss account and the auditor’s report. To attend and speak in person, at general
meetings.
To appoint proxy to attend and vote at the general meetings. In case the member is a
body corporate, to appoint a representative to attend and vote at the general meetings
of the company on its behalf Proxy can vote on a poll, the number of votes of a
shareholder is proportionate to the number of equity shares held by him.
To receive dividends and other corporate benefits like rights, bonus shares etc. as and
when declared/ announced.
To inspect various registers of the company, minute books of general meetings and to
receive copies thereof after complying with the procedure prescribed in the
Companies Act, 2013 as amended from time to time.
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The objective of this policy and procedure is to ensure that transactions between the
Bank and its related parties are based on principles of transparency and arm’s length
pricing. Likewise, this policy aims at preventing and providing guidance in situations
of potential conflict of interests in the implementation of transactions involving such
related parties.
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Details of the complaints received and the actions taken are reviewed by the Audit
Committee.
The Bank encourages an open and transparent system of working and dealing amongst
its stakeholders. The Code of Conduct governs the ethical behaviour and
organizational integrity. It is approved by the Board. Advice about ethical behaviour
& organizational integrity is sought from the immediate manager or reporting
manager, in case of dissatisfaction it can be sought from the regional HR.
The Bank has also adopted a “Whistle Blower Policy” which encourages its
employees and various stakeholders to bring to the notice of the Bank any issue
involving compromise / violation of ethical norms, legal or regulatory provisions,
actual or suspected fraud etc. without any fear of reprisal, discrimination, harassment
or victimization of any kind.
The Chief of Internal Vigilance receives these concerns through a dedicated email ID
or by way of letters, etc. All such complaints are enquired into by the appropriate
authority within the Bank while ensuring confidentiality of the identity of such
complainants.
On the basis of their investigation, if the allegations are proved to be correct then the
Competent Authority shall recommend to the appropriate Disciplinary Authority to
take suitable action against the responsible official. Complaints received, and the
functioning of the Whistle Blower mechanism are reviewed periodically by the Audit
Committee of the Board.
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During the financial year 2017-18, a total of 46complaints were received and
investigated.
1. Employee Engagement:
The Bank has nurtured an enabling performance culture in line with its
vision to be a `World Class Indian Bank’. In addition, the Bank strives to
strengthen it connect with employees. The Bank conducted an employee
survey to understand various aspects of their experience and followed
through with appropriate interventions spanning from the local to pan-
Bank level. The Bank also conducts several employee engagements
events, both at local and national levels.
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3. Rewards:
Merit is the driving force in the organisation and objectivity the watchword
while rewarding employees on a financial and non-financial basis. This fair
and equitable approach encourages people to give their best. The compensation
policy ensures that remuneration is not only competitive but also includes
wealth creation opportunities through long-term rewards like ESOPs. The
Bank’s comprehensive compensation policy is aligned with the guidelines of
the Reserve Bank of India.
HDFC Bank has in place, Rewards and Recognition programs which are based on a
sound performance management system. The Bank has imbibed a pay-for-performance
culture that is purely based on meritocracy.
1.Gratuity:
Particulars Answer
Bank provides gratuity to Completed five years of service
employees
Paid in the form of Lumpsum amount
Payable when Resignation
Death while in employment
Termination
3.6.1 Gratuity
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1. Superannuation:
2. Provident Fund:
All employees of the Bank are entitled to receive benefits under the provident
fund in accordance with law. The Bank monthly contributes an amount at a
determined rate (currently 12% of employee’s basic salary). Of this, the Bank
contributes an amount equal to 8.33% of employee’s basic salary up to a
maximum salary level of ` 15,000/- per month, to the Pension Scheme
administered by the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner (‘RPFC’). The
balance amount is contributed to a fund set up by the Bank and administered
by a Board of Trustees.
The Bank does not have a policy of enchasing unveiled leave for its
employees, except for certain LKB employees under Indian Banks’
Association (‘IBA’) structure. The Bank provides for leave encashment /
compensated absences based on an independent actuarial valuation at the
balance sheet date, which includes:
3. Pension:
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The Employee Stock Option Scheme provides the Employees with the grant of
options to acquire equity shares of the Bank. The options granted to employees
vests in a graded manner and these may be exercised by the employees within
a specified period.
Male Female
Employeesentitled to 72822 15431
parental leave
Employees that took 1581 1366
parental leave
Employees who 1356 1131
returned to workafter
parental leave ended
Employees who 148 99
returned to work
after parental leave
ended who were still
employed 12 months
after their return to
work
Return to work rates 86% 83%
of employees who
returned to work
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The Bank has a strong and dedicated workforce having diverse talents,
perspectives and backgrounds. As on 31st March 2018, the Bank has 88,253
employees. This included 15,431 women employees comprising about 17% of
the total workforce.
The Bank considers the inclusion of women as a priority. In this regard, the Bank has
facilities such as extended maternity leave, onsite crèche for young children at one of
the main locations, special workshops and seminars for its women employees.
The Bank is an equal opportunity employer and follows a non-discriminatory policy
in recruitment. Remuneration is assessed through a performance management system,
irrespective of the employee’s gender.
At the Bank, inclusion extends to the differently-abled workforce as well. The Bank
ensures this by providing ramps and staircases with railings wherever feasible for
access. 449 branches/office locations of the Bank have ramps for wheelchair access.
Further, in large back offices, there are designated toilets for the differently abled.
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3303 Female
Age Between 35-45 years 22659 Male
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HDFC Bank works towards aligning the interests of their business with the
interests of their customers, thus creating value and building long term viable
relationships. The Bank ensures enhanced banking experience by providing
products and services, suited to the needs of the customer. The Bank’s tagline -
‘We understand your world’ says it all. The Bank maintains and continuously
expands its private database of customer information.’
The Bank has in place the following policies, to protect customer rights:
Confidentiality
Integrity
Accuracy.
The primary role of the Information Security team is to secure the Bank and to
secure the customer transactions. There are various policies and policy
frameworks adopted by the Bank to manage the security of its information and
data. This encompasses requisite manpower, machine and training. The Chief
Information Security Officer (CISO)is the person responsible for information
security at the Bank. There is also a committee of the Board which, dedicatedly
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looks into cyber security issue and preparedness. The Bank also makes this
awareness, reach its customers in an interesting and easily available manner.
Some of the methods employed include:
ATM screens
Website
Emails and
Printed communication such as account statements.
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Growth Fund
The bank was among the first four companies, which subjected itself to a Corporate
Governance and Value Creation(GVC) rating by the rating agencies. The rating
provides in independent assessment of an entity’s current performance and an
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Credit Rating
HDFC Bank has its deposit programmes rated by two rating agency-CREDIT
ANALYSIS & RESEARCH LIMITED (CARE) and FITCH RATINGS INDIA
PRIVATE LIMITED
Fitch ratings India Private Limited has assigned “PR 1+” which
represents “superior capacity for repayment of short- term promissory
obligations”.
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HDFC Bank –
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2nd SIDBI – ET India MSE HDFC Bank adjusted Best MSE Bank
Excellence 2019
Installation of green locks and AC controllers in air conditioning machines in order to save
energy and support go-green initiative
Put controls on usage of lifts, ACs, common passage lights and other
electrical equipment.
Provided solar panels for captive power generation at our offices in Pune
and Bhubaneswar Monitoring and energy-saving initiative for 100 branches,
resulting in power saving of over 10%.
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The Bank won an award in National Energy Efficiency Circle Competition 2017 – Winner
Best Energy Efficient Case Study held by CII in May 2017. Considering the benefits accrued,
we have further extended the monitoring program to additional 500 branches across the
country.
The Bank has been at the forefront of using technology absorption and evaluates innovative
technology with multiple fintech partners. In the year under review, it organised its 2nd
‘Digital Innovation Summit’ and shortlisted several fintech start-up’s to carry out multiple
proof of concepts in both customer facing and internal processes. Bank has also begun using
robotics and artificial intelligence in digital commerce, corporate supply chain and payment
settlement systems to reduce time to market and turnaround time.
The Bank’s Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining internal financial
controls based on the internal control over financial reporting criteria established by the Bank
considering the essential components of internal control stated in the Guidance Note on Audit
of Internal Financial Controls over Financial Reporting issued by the Institute of Chartered
Accountants of India.
Design
Implementation and maintenance of adequate internal financial controls for ensuring the
orderly and efficient conduct of its business
Adherence to Bank’s policies
Safeguarding of its asset
Prevention and detection of frauds and errors
Accuracy and completeness of the accounting records
Timely preparation of reliable financial information, etc. as required under the Companies
Act, 2013, the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 and the guidelines issued by the Reserve Bank
of India.
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and the reasonableness of the accounting estimates made by the Bank’s Directors, and
evaluating the overall presentation of the standalone financial statements. They believe that
the audit evidence obtained by us is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit
opinion on the standalone financial statements.
The board has constituted various committees of directors to take informed decisions in the
best interest of the bank. These committees monitor the activities falling within their terms of
reference. The board committees are as follows:
Audit Committee
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The brief terms of reference of the Audit Committee include, inter-alia, the following:
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The Customer Service Committee monitors the quality of services rendered to the customers
and also ensures implementation of directives received from the RBI in this regard. The terms
of reference of the Committee are to formulate comprehensive deposit policy incorporating
the issues arising out of the demise of a depositor for operation of his account, the product
approval process, and annual survey of depositor satisfaction and the triennial audit of such
services.
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The Credit Approval Committee approves credit exposures, which are beyond the powers
delegated to executives of the Bank. This facilitates quick response to the needs of the
customers and speedy disbursement of loans.
The brief terms of reference of the Nomination and Remuneration Committee includes
scrutinizing the nominations of the directors with reference to their qualifications and
experience, for identifying ‘Fit and Proper’ persons, assessing competency of the persons and
reviewing compensation levels of the Bank’s employees vis-a-vis other banks and the
banking industry in general.
The following are the criteria to assess competency of the Persons nominated:
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Academic qualification
Previous experience
Track records
Integrity of the candidates.
For assessing the integrity and suitability, features like criminal records, financial position,
civil actions undertaken to pursue personal debts, refusal of admission to and expulsion from
professional bodies, sanctions applied by regulators or similar bodies and previous
questionable business practices are considered.
The Stakeholders’ Relationship Committee approves and transfer, transmission, splitting and
consolidation of shares and considers requests for dematerialization of shares.
Allotment of shares to the employees on exercise of stock options granted under the various
Employees Stock Option Schemes which are made in terms of the powers delegated
bytheBoard in this regard, are placed before the Committee for ratification. The Committee
also monitors redressal of grievances from shareholders relating to transfer of shares, non-
receipt of Annual Report, dividends etc.
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The Premises Committee approves purchases and leasing of premises for the use of Bank’s
branches, back offices, ATMs and residence of executives in accordance with the guidelines
laiddown by the Board.
Pursuant to the directions of the RBI, the Bank has constituted a Fraud Monitoring
Committee, exclusively dedicated to the monitoring and following up of cases of fraud
involving amounts of rs.1 crore and above.
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Identify the systemic lacunae, if any, that facilitated perpetration of the fraud
and put in place measures to plug the same;
Identify the reasons for delay in detection, if any and report to top management
of the Bank and RBI;
Ensure that staff accountability is examined at all levels in all the cases of
frauds and staff side action, if required is completed quickly without loss of
time;
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The Board has constituted a Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Committee with the
following terms of reference:
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The Risk Policy and Monitoring Committee have been formed as per the guidelines of
Reserve Bank of India on Asset Liability Management / Risk Management Systems. The
Committee develops Bank’s credit and market risk policies and procedures, verifies
adherence to various risk parameters and prudential limits for treasury operations and reviews
its risk monitoring system. The Committee also ensures that the Bank’s credit exposure to any
one group or industry does not exceed the internally set limits and that the risk is prudentially
diversified
The Board has constituted a Review Committee for Willful Defaulters’ Identification to
review the orders passed by the Committee of Executives for Identification of Willful
Defaulters and provide the final decision with regard to identified willful defaulters.
4.4.1 IT Committee
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The Bank has in place, and IT Strategy Committee to look into various technologies related
aspects. This Committee is not a Board level Committee. However, Mr. Srikanth Nadhamuni,
Mr. Bobby Parikh, Mrs. Shyamala Gopinath and Mr. Paresh Sukthankar are members of the
Committee along with other executives of the Bank and an external expert. The Committee is
chaired by Mr. Srikanth Nadhamuni with effect from January 24, 2019. Prior to this, the
Committee was chaired by Mr. Bobby Parikh. The Committee met four times during the year
on May 5, 2018; August 2, 2018; October 21, 2018 and January 16, 2019.
a) Board of Directors
The Bank maintains the expenses relating to the office of non-executive Chairperson of the
Bank and reimburses all the expenses incurred in performance of her duties. Pursuant to
Section 10-A (2)(a) of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949, none of the directors, other than the
Chairman and/or whole-time directors, is permitted to hold office continuously for a period
exceeding eight years. All the independent directors of the Bank possess requisite
qualifications and experience which enable them to contribute effectively to the Bank.
b) Shareholder’s Rights
The Bank publishes its results on its website which is accessible to the public at large. The
same are also available on the websites of the Stock Exchanges on which the Bank’s shares
are listed. A half-yearly declaration of financial performance including summary of the
significant events is presently not being sent separately to each household of shareholders.
The Bank’s results for each quarter are published in an
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English newspaper is having a wide circulation and, in a Marathi, newspaper having a wide
circulation in Maharashtra. Hence, half-yearly results are not sent to the shareholders
individually.
c) Audit Qualifications
During the period under review, there is no audit qualification in the Bank’s financial
statements. The Bank continues to adopt best practices to ensure regime of unqualified
financial statements.
Mrs. Shyamala Gopinath is the Chairperson of the Bank andMr.AdityaPuri is the Managing
Director of the Bank.
The Internal Auditor of the Bank reports directly to the Audit Committee of the Bank.
The Bank’s shares which are in compulsory dematerialized (demat) list are transferable
through the depository system. Shares in physical form are processed by the Registrars and
Share Transfer Agents, Datamatics Financial Services Limited and approved by the
Stakeholders’ Relationship Committee of the Bank or authorized officials of the Bank. The
share transfers are generally processed within a period of fifteen days from the date of receipt
of the transfer documents by Datamatics Financial Services Limited.
1.Risk
The sector, out of which the Bank operates, makes it prone to several kinds of risks.
Acknowledging risks and identifying potential opportunities that could arise from risks,
ensure substantial and steady growth. Key risks identified for the Bank include, Credit Risk,
Market Risk, Liquidity Risk and Operational Risk. These risks not only have a bearing on the
Bank’s financial strength and operations but also its reputation. To manage these risks, the
Bank has put in place, a Board approved risk strategy and policy, the implementation of
which is guided by the Board’s Risk Policy and Monitoring Committee (RPMC). Risk levels
and direction, portfolio composition, status of impaired credits and limits for treasury
operations are regularly reviewed by the committee. The hallmark of the Bank’s risk
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management process function is its independence, with credit decisions being made by a
credit underwriting vertical. The Bank identifies and assesses the potential gamut of risks
associated with its operations and business which are discussed below:
Risks:
Operational Risk
Compliance Risk
Market Risk
Credit Risk
Liquidity Risk
Digital lending and Credit Risk
Other risk:
International Agreement
Natural calamities
Other Regulatory Drivers
Reputation
Renewable Energy Regulation
Fluctuating Socio- Economic Conditions
2. Opportunities
International Agreement
Emerging Trends in the Regulations
Reputation
Emission Reporting Obligations
Cap and Trade schemes
Renewable Energy Regulation
Fluctuating Socio-Economic Conditions
Natural Calamities
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period (12)-(13)
15. Paid up equity share 51251 51902
capital (Face Value of ` 2/-
each)
16. Reserves excluding 8894987 10577601
revaluation reserves
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2. Das A. (2007) in his paper on “Technical allocation and Scale Efficiency of the Public
Sector Banks in India” The study found that there is decline in overall efficiency due to fall in
technical efficiency which was not offset by an improvement in allocative efficiency.
However, it is pointed out that the deterioration in technical efficiency was mainly on account
of few nationalized banks.
3. Deb and Kalpada (2008) in their study entitled, “Indian Banking since Independence”,
studied the growth of banking in India covering the period from 1966-1987. The analysis
revealed that the structure of the banking system changed considerable over the years. It was
further pointed out that the quantitative growth of the public sector banks was no doubt
significant in some of the areas, but qualitative improvement, by and large lacked in desired
standards. In spite of substantial increase in deposit mobilization, their share in national
income continued to be very low. It was concluded that the public sector banks were neither
guided by the consideration of returns nor were they very much concerned with
developmental strategies.
4. S. and Verma, S. (2009)determined the factors influencing the profitability of public sector
banks in India by making use of ratio of net profits as percentage of working funds. They concluded
that spread and burden play a major role in determining the profitability of commercial banks.
5. Chandan, C.L. and Rajput, P.K. (2010) measured the performance of bank
on basis on the basis of profitability analysis.
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6.Sangami M. (2012) in his study has suggested that the position of operating cost can be
improved with the introduction of high-level technology as well as by improvement the per
employee productivity.
7. Qamar, F (2013) in his paper examined commercial banks in terms of endowment factors,
risk factors, revenue diversification, profitability and efficiency parameters.
8. Chawla, A.S.(2016) made an attempt to analyse the emerging trends in profits and
profitability of four banks, two each from public sector and private sector banks.Sanjay J.
Bhayani(2016) in his study, “Performance of New India Private Banks: A Comparative
Study”, analysed the performance of new private sector banks with the help of CAMEL
model. The study covered 4 leading private sector banks- ICICI, HDFC, UTI and IDBI for a
period of 5 years from 2000-01 to 2004-05.It is revealed that the aggregate performance of
IDBI Bank is best among all the banks, followed by UTI.
9. Uppal, R.K. and Kaur, R. (2017) emphasized that cost should be properly managed to
improve the profitability of banks because the net profits were affected by the increase or
decrease in operating cost.
10 Chowdari Prasad and K.S. Srinivasa Rao (2018) in their paper, “Private
Sector Banking in India- A SWOT Analysis” studied the performance of all
private sector banks. As per the criteria selected like efficiency, financial
strength, profitability and size of scale, it is revealed that the private sector banks are in
position to offer cost-effective, efficient products and services to their customers using
technology, best utilization of human resources along with professional management and
corporate governance principles.
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deposits, various components of profits of SBH, examined the trends in Asset structure,
evaluated the level of customer satisfaction and compared the performance of SBH with other
PSBs, Associate Banks of SBI and SBI. Statistical techniques like Ratios, Percentages,
Compound Annual rate of growth and averages are computed for the purpose of meaningful
comparison and analysis. The major findings of this study are that since nationalization, the
progress of banking in India has been very impressive. All three types of Deposits have
continuously grown during the study period, though the rate of growth was highest in fixed
deposits. A comparison of
SBH performance in respect of resource mobilization with other banks showed that the
average growth of deposits of SBH is higher than any other bank group. Profits of SBH
showed an increasing trend indicating a more than proportionate increase in spread than in
burden. Finally, majority of the customers have given a very positive opinion about the
various statements relating to counter service offered by SBH.
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13. Singh R (2003), in his paper Profitability management in banks under deregulate
environment, IBA bulletin, No25, has analysingprofitabilitymanagement of banks under the
deregulated environment with somefinancial parameters of the major four bank groups i.e.
public sector banks,old private sector banks, new private sector banks and foreign
banks,profitability has declined in the deregulated environment. He emphasized tomake the
banking sector competitive in the deregulated environment. Theyshould prefer non - interest
income sources.
15. The focal point of the study made by Das and Uday kumar Lal (2002), in his book
Banking Reforms in Lead Bank Scheme, (Deep and Deep Publication, new Delhi) was the
critical evaluation of the lead bank scheme in the light of banking sector reforms. Das in this
book observed that high level of NPAs, large number of un-remunerative branches, low
productivity, overstaff and archaic methods of operations have affected the profitability of
public sector banks. Das sincerely felt that the whole banking sector in India is to be
revolutionized to cope with the changing dimensions of the satellite one world. Further, he
felt that the backward areas should be given more funds for investment in priority sectors and
more and more people should be brought under its coverage and the procedures of extending
credit should be simplified and there should be least hassle cost.
16. Subramanian and Swami (1994) in their paper, Comparative performance of public
sector banks in India” Prjanan, Vol. XXII, haveanalysed and compared the efficiency in
six public sector banks, four privatesector and three foreign banks for the year 1996-97.
Operational efficiency iscalculated in terms of total business and salary expenditure per
employee.The analysis revealed that higher per employee salary level need not result inpoor
efficiency and business per employee efficiency co-efficient was also calculated. Among the
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PSBs, Bank of Baroda registered the high efficiency and operating profit per employee.
Among the private sector banks Indus Bank followed by Citibank Registered highest and
second highest operating profit per employee respectively. However, among the Nationalized
Banks there existed wide variations in efficiency.
17. SBI Research Department in 2000, through its paper “Performance analysis of 27
Public sector banks” published in SBI monthly reviewPerformance, Vo l XXXIX, was
prepared by Economic Research Department of State Bank of India, is to analyse the
Performance of the 27Public Sector Banks for the year 1999-2000 preceding year.Selecting
four different categories of indicators-Business Performance,Efficiency, Vulnerability and
labour productivity indicators, carried out theanalysis. Altogether, 39 indicators were selected
for this purpose. For thepurpose of analysis, 27 PSBs disaggregated into four groups, namely,
theSBI, ABs (7), the SBGs (8), the NBs (19). During 1999-2000, the PSBsexhibited better
show in terms of several parameters studied above.Nevertheless, the problems of NPAs and
capital adequacy remain to be takencare of. Researcher in this paper opinioned that greater
operationalflexibility and functional autonomy should be given to PSBs especially
tostrengthen their capital base. Further, they felt that since net interest marginwill continue to
remain compressed in a deregulated interest rate regime, alot of effect would have to be made
to mitigate this through generation ofnon-interest income.
As far as NPAs are concerned, they believe' that, the outdated laws and regulations that pose
hindrance to banks in getting back their dues need to be suitably amended.
18. In a paper published in the Financial Express in 2004, titled “India’s Best Banks”
has been doing for several years through its annual exercise to evaluate and rate Indian banks.
They claim that this survey is a comprehensive one, which evaluates the performance of
private, public,Indian, and foreign Banks operating in India. With the objective of makingthe
comparison more meaningful, Banks were categorized into Public SectorBanks, New Private
Sector Banks and Foreign Banks. Financial informationfor the year ending March 31st, 2002
and March 31, 2003 relating to each ofthe banks falling into the aforesaid categories was
collected from the dataavailable from RBI. Five major criteria were identified against which
thebanks were ranked. 'These criteria are (1) Strength and soundness (ii)Growth, (iii)
Profitability, (iv) Productivity, and (v) Creditquality. Considering the current banking,
industrial and over-all economicscenario, pertinent weights were assigned to each of the
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major criteria. In thefirst category of "State-Run" or Public Sector Banks, State Bank of
Patialaand Andhra Bank is the top two. In the category of best old private sectorbanks, the
magazine ranks the Jammu and Kashmir Bank and Karun Vas Bank as the first best and
second best. In the category of 'New' PrivateBanks, HDFC as number one and ICICI Bank at
number two. Finally, in thecategory of Foreign Banks, the magazine ranks Standard
Chartered Bank andCity Bank at the top two slots.
19. With an intention to honour excellence, Outlook Money (2004), titled “The best in the
business cover story”, (March 2004), has announcing annualawards for the best performers
in the personal finance universe. A rigorousselection process was devised in consultation
with Earnest and Young. Theshortlisted contenders were mailed questionnaires seeking
information onoperational aspects like Number of Branches, Number of ATMs,
Deposits,NPAs, CAR, Returns on Assets. They have taken two categories of BanksPublic and
Private Sector. All Public Sector Banks (except SBI, nominatedfor Hall of Fame Award), and
Private Banks with deposit base of more thanRs. 2,000 Cr as on 31 March 2003 were
selected.
.
20. Ram Mohan TT(2003) , in his paper „Long run performance of public and private
sector bank stocks” Vo-l 37, has made an attempt to compare the three categories of banks-
Public, Private and Foreign-using Physical quantities of inputs and outputs, and comparing
the revenue maximization efficiency of banks during 1992-2000. The findings show that
PSBs performed significantly better than private sector banks but not differentlyfrom foreign
banks. The conclusion points to a convergence in performancebetween public and private
sector banks in the post-reform era, usingfinancial measures of performance.
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Data Analysis
Age
2.50%
7.50%
90.00%
Interpretation
Above graphical representation shows that 90%of them are from 18-25 age groups,
7.50% of them are of 25-35 age groups and 2.5%is from 35-60 age groups.
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Table
Occupation Percentage
Self-employed 10%
Professional 2.5%
Student 85%
Other 2.5%
Data Analysis
Occupation
2.50%
10.00% 2.50%
85.00%
Interpretation
Above graph represents occupation of the respondents 10% are of self-employed,2.5% are
professionals,85% are of students and 2.5% is ofothercategory.
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Table
Data Analysis
27.50%
72.50%
Yes No
Interpretation
Above graph represents 72.50% of respondents have their account in HDFC Bank and
27.50% of respondents do not have their accounts in HDFC bank.
Table
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Data Analysis
15.00%
2.50%
82.50%
Interpretation
Above graphical representation shows that 82.50% of them are having saving account,2.5%
are having current account and 15% are having other account.
5.The following charts represents why respondents preferred this bank for
opening account
Table
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Data Analysis
45.00%
22.50%
7.50%
Interpretation
Above graphical representation shows that customers are attracted of brand name i. e.
45%,22.50%opened an account because it is near to their place ,20%opened an account
because customer are attracted to features and benefits,7.50% are existing account holder,5%
have opened an account due to less documentation.
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6.The following chart represents whether the bank conduct any survey to
know about customer satisfaction
Table
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about customer
satisfaction
Yes 77.50
No 22.50%
Data Analysis
22.50%
77.50%
Yes No
Interpretation
Above graphical representation shows that 77.50% are saying yes that bank has conducted
survey,22.50% are saying no.
Table
the bank?
Yes 55%
No 32.50%
Maybe 12.50%
Data Analysis
55.00%
32.50%
Yes No Maybe
Interpretation
Above graphical representation shows that 55% of customers are aware of services provided
by the bank, 32.50% are not aware and 12.50% are saying may be.
Table
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bank?
Excellent 15%
Good 77.50%
Fair 5%
Poor 2.50%
Data Analysis
15.00%
77.50%
Interpretation
Table
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bank?
Yes 65%
No 35%
Data Analysis
35%
65%
Yes No
Interpretation
Above graphical representation shows that 65%of people have made investment in bank and
35% of people have do not made and type of investment in the bank
Table
Data Analysis
37.50%
40.00%
22.50%
Interpretation
Above graphical representation it shows that 40% of customers make investment in fixed
deposits, 37.50% of customers make investment in mutual fund and 22.50% of customers
have made investment in life insurance.
11.Has the bank presented the results of its financial performance on its
website for shareholder
Table
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Maybe 37.50%
Data Analysis
Financial performance
37.50%
45.00%
17.50%
Yes No Maybe
Interpretation
Above graphical representation shows that 45% are saying yes, whereas 17.50% are saying
no and 37.50% are saying maybe
12.Does the bank give periodic remainders to shareholders who have not
enchased their dividend
Table
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Data Analysis
Periodic remainders
30%
50%
20%
Yes No Maybe
Interpretation
Above graphical representation shows that 50% are saying yes that bank give periodic
remainders,20% are saying no and 30% are saying maybe
Table
MIS Percentage
Yes 90%
No 10%
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Data Analysis
MIS
10%
90%
Yes No
Interpretation
Above graphical representation shows that 90% people say yes whereas 10% of people say no
about the Management System Information.
14.Does the bank hold Orientation Programs for directors before their
induction into the board?
Table
Data Analysis
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72.50%
Yes No
Interpretation
Above graphical representation shows that 72.50%of people are saying that yes bank holds
the Orientation Program whereas 27.50% of people are saying no the bank does not holds the
Orientation Program.
15.Do you feel the Corporate Governance would bring about the desired
level of fairness, transparency accountability in bank?
Table
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10%
90%
Yes No
Above graphical representation shows that 90% of people are saying that Corporate
governance will bring the desired level of fairness, transparency and accountability whereas
10% of people are no.
CHAPTER 7. CONCLUSION
HDFC Bank, the banking arm of HDFC is expected to go on stream. The bank already has good
number of employees on board and is recruiting personal banker heavily to take the headcount to
many more. It is on the brim of increasing its customers through its attractive schemes and offer.
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Corporate governance plays a crucial role in creating a credible and professionally driven business
system. This has the potential to transform the standard of living of the Country. In India, mediocrity
and corruption prevails in every aspect of public life. The awareness among people for a corruption
free society has drastically increased and it is obvious through the various anti-corruption movements.
Effective Corporate governance could cultivate a professional culture strong enough to uproot the
evils of corruption.
CSR is becoming a fast, developing and a competitive area in the world of business. Contributions
towards CSR activities can prove beneficial to the companies in not only increasing their business
profile but also their goodwill nationally and internationally.
The project opportunities provided for market customers and others in potential geographical location
and convincing them to attract more customers so that new business opportunities of the bank can be
explored. Through this project, it could be concluded that people are not much aware about the
various products of the bank and many of them not interested to open an account, to invest money at
all. services was considered as unsought good which require hard core selling, but in changing trend in
income and people becoming financially literate, the demand for banking sector is increasing day by
day. Banks are one of the largest sources of corporate finance in India. When their Governance
practices are ineffective, the study shows, that HDFC bank are fulfilling their corporate social
responsibilities by undertaking a number of initiatives in the field of education, health, employment,
infrastructure development, environmental protection and sustainable development, but still there is a
long road ahead.
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CHAPTER 8. SUGGESTION
To make people aware about the benefit of becoming a customer of HDFC Bank, following
activities of advertisement should be done through
1. Print Media.
2. Hoarding & Banners.
3. Stalls in Trade Fares
4. Distribution of leaflets containing details information.
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CHAPTER 9. BIBLIOGRAPHY
Websites:
wikipedia.com
investopedia.com
shodganga.inflibnet.ac.in
Journals:
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CHAPTER 10.ANNEXURE
1.Age
a) 18-25
b) 25-35
c) 35-60
2. Occupation
a) Self-employed
b) Professional
c) Student
d) Other
a) Yes
b) No
a) Saving
b) Current
c) Both
d) Other
a) Brand name
b) Existing account holder
c) Near to your place
d) Features and benefits
e) Less documentation
6.Does the bank conduct any survey to know about customer satisfaction?
a) Yes
b) No
a) Yes
b) No
c) Maybe
a) Excellent
b) Good
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c) Fair
d) Poor
a) Yes
b) No
a. Fixed deposits
b. Life insurance
c. Mutual fund
11.Has the bank presented the results of its financial performances on its
website for shareholder?
a) Yes
b) No
c) Maybe
12.Does the bank give periodic remainders to shareholders who have not
enchased their dividend?
a) Yes
b) No
c) Maybe
a) Yes
b) No
14.Does the bank hold Orientation program for directors before their
induction into the board?
a) Yes
b) No
15.Does you feel the corporate governance would bring about the desire
levelof fairness, transparency accountabilities in bank?
a) Yes
b) No
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