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Hyper Tonia

Hypertonia is a condition characterized by excessive muscle tone making the limbs stiff and difficult to move. It has two main types: spastic hypertonia causes exaggerated reflexes and muscle spasms with movement, while dystonic hypertonia involves muscle stiffness that does not change with movement. Hypertonia can be caused by infections, oxygen deprivation, premature birth, traumatic brain injury, ingestion of heavy metals, genetic factors, and metabolic disorders. It is associated with increased muscle tone, stiffness, resistance to stretching, limited range of motion, impaired coordination, and exaggerated reflexes.

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27 views15 pages

Hyper Tonia

Hypertonia is a condition characterized by excessive muscle tone making the limbs stiff and difficult to move. It has two main types: spastic hypertonia causes exaggerated reflexes and muscle spasms with movement, while dystonic hypertonia involves muscle stiffness that does not change with movement. Hypertonia can be caused by infections, oxygen deprivation, premature birth, traumatic brain injury, ingestion of heavy metals, genetic factors, and metabolic disorders. It is associated with increased muscle tone, stiffness, resistance to stretching, limited range of motion, impaired coordination, and exaggerated reflexes.

Uploaded by

velardecrazelle
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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HYPERTONIA

GROUP MEMBERS:
LEUS VALENTON
ALEXANDER TIZON
ANGELA MAE GALICHA
ARAH NICOLE ENUGACIO
MAE PRINCES CARINGAL
OBJECTIVES

DEFINITION CAUSES CHARACTERISITCS


We will be able to know What are the possible To discuss about the
what is hypertonia. causes of Hypertonia. characteristics of
Hypertonia
What is
Hypertonia?
Hypertonia is a condition in which there is too
much muscle tone so that arms or legs, for
example, are stiff and difficult to move. Muscle
tone is regulated by signals that travel from the
brain to the nerves and tell the muscle to
contract.
TWO TYPES OF HYPERTONIA

SPASTIC HYPERTONIA DYSTONIC HYPERTONIA


(spasticity) (rigidity)

Exaggerated reflexes and muscle Muscle stiffness doesn't change with


spasms increase with movement. movement.
CHARACTERISTICS
CHARACTERISTICS
Increased Muscle Tone: Stiffness: Individuals Resistance to
Hypertonia involves with hypertonia often Stretching: Muscles
heightened tension in experience difficulty in affected by hypertonia
muscles, making them relaxing their muscles, resist being stretched
feel rigid. leading to stiffness in or moved passively.
movement.
CHARACTERISTICS
Limited Range of Impaired Coordination: Exaggerated Reflexes:
Motion: The condition Hypertonia can Reflexes may become
can result in a reduced contribute to more pronounced than
ability to move joints difficulties in normal, reflecting the
through their full coordinating heightened muscle
range of motion. movements smoothly. tone.

Functional Impairments: Depending on the severity,


hypertonia can impact daily activities and functional
abilities.
CAUSES
causes
INFECTIONS INJESTION OF HEAVY
METALS

JAUNDICE GENETIC FACTORS

TRAUMATIC BRAIN
OXYGEN DEPRIVATION INJURY

PREMATURE BIRTH METABOLIC DISORDER


causes
Infections Oxygen Deprivation
Infection during pregnancy, Severe deprivation of oxygen
such as meningitis, can have a to the brain or significant
damaging effect on the trauma to the head during
developing nervous system of labour and delivery may result
a foetus and, hence, cause in hypertonia.
hypertonia.

Jaundice Premature Birth


Severe jaundice which remains Babies who are born
untreated can cause damage prematurely are prone to
to the brain cells of an infant cerebral palsy and may
which may result in develop hypertonia.
hypertonia.
causes
Injestions of Heavy Genetic Factors
Metals In some cases, hypertonia may
When the mother-to-be have a genetic component.
indulges in drugs and alcohol Certain genetic disorders
during pregnancy, it is not affecting the nervous system
good for the baby. Ingestion of or muscle function can lead to
heavy metals such as lead, increased muscle tone in
mercury, and copper may infants.
prove toxic to the foetus.

Traumatic Brain Metabolic Disorder


Injury Certain metabolic disorders,
Trauma to the baby’s head during where the body is unable to
childbirth or in the early postnatal properly break down or
period can result in hypertonia. This process nutrients, can impact
injury may disrupt the normal the nervous system and
development and functioning of the contribute to hypertonicity in
brain, leading to increased muscle newborns.
tone.
DYSTONIC
HYPERTONIA

SPASTIC
HYPERTONIA
Thank
You

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