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Survey Method Soft

The document discusses the survey method, which involves systematically collecting data from a sample of individuals through questionnaires or interviews. It defines a survey as collecting information from individuals through their responses to questions. Surveys can be used to gather quantitative or qualitative data. Effective survey design involves sampling that aims to obtain a representative subset of the target population. Common data collection methods include self-administered or interviewer-administered questionnaires that include valid measurement instruments. The document also outlines characteristics, merits, limitations, and types of survey methods.

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Kiev Barredo Almira
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56 views3 pages

Survey Method Soft

The document discusses the survey method, which involves systematically collecting data from a sample of individuals through questionnaires or interviews. It defines a survey as collecting information from individuals through their responses to questions. Surveys can be used to gather quantitative or qualitative data. Effective survey design involves sampling that aims to obtain a representative subset of the target population. Common data collection methods include self-administered or interviewer-administered questionnaires that include valid measurement instruments. The document also outlines characteristics, merits, limitations, and types of survey methods.

Uploaded by

Kiev Barredo Almira
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Topic: SURVEY METHOD – A Research Methodology

Discussants: KIEV ALMIRA & ANGELA ANGELITUD


Subject: Edu 293 – Research Methods in Education
Professor: ZALDY QUILANTANG, Ph. D.
Date: January 20, 2024
SURVEY METHOD
What is a survey?
The term survey is used for the techniques of investigation by a direct observation of a phenomenon or a systematic
gathering of data from population by applying personal contact and interviews when adequate information about certain problem is
not available in records, files and other sources.

“ A social survey is a process by which quantitative facts are collected about the social aspects of a community composition
and activities.”
- A.F. Well
“ The survey is in briefly a method of analysis in scientific and orderly form for defined purpose of given social situation of
problem and population.”
- S. Herman

The survey method is the practice of gathering data for a study by asking people questions related to the research.
Typically, researchers survey people who have particular knowledge, insights or experiences related to the study. Researchers
create a formal list of questions to ask the participants and may distribute it one-on-one, online or in the mail.
What is a survey research?
It is defined as “the collection of information from a sample of individuals through their responses to questions”.
- Check and Schutt, 2012
It allows for a variety of methods to recruit participants, collect data, and utilize various methods of instrumentation

It can use quantitative research strategies (using questionnaires with numerically rated items), qualitative research
strategies (using open-ended questions) or both (mixed methods).

Sampling in a Survey Research/Method - The goal of sampling strategies in survey research is to obtain a sufficient sample that is
representative of the population of interest. It is often not feasible to collect data from an entire population of interest (e.g., all
individuals with lung cancer); therefore, a subset of the population or sample is used to estimate the population responses (e.g.,
individuals with lung cancer currently receiving treatment). A large random sample increases the likelihood that the responses from
the sample will accurately reflect the entire population. In order to accurately draw conclusions about the population, the sample
must include individuals with characteristics similar to the population.
Data Collection in Survey Research/Method - Survey research may use a variety of data collection methods with the most common
being questionnaires and interviews. Questionnaires may be self-administered or administered by a professional, may be
administered individually or in a group, and typically include a series of items reflecting the research aims. Questionnaires may
include demographic questions in addition to valid and reliable research instruments (Costanzo, Stawski, Ryff, Coe, & Almeida,
2012; DuBenske et al., 2014; Ponto, Ellington, Mellon, & Beck, 2010).

CHARACTERISTICS OF SURVEY METHOD


 It is confined to the study of specific current problems of society.
 It is planned collection of data for prediction of relations between the variables.
 It is concerned with large or widely dispersed group of peoples contrasted with the lab experiments.
 Under this method, observation, interviews, attitude scales, projective techniques, small scale experiments etc are
used to collect data.
 The facts collected here may form the basis of further social researches.

MERITS OF SURVEY METHOD

1. Direct and close contact between researcher and respondents


2. Create objectivity
3. Testing the validity of theories
4. Formulation and testing of hypothesis
5. Social surveys are based on actual observation
6. Has universal application

LIMITATIONS OF SURVEY METHOD

 It is costly, time consuming and wasteful in certain cases where objectives are limited
 It is unsuitable if the numbers of persons to be surveyed are very large or if they spread over a large geographical
area
 In this method, personal bias may vitiate the result
 It lacks the flexibility
 It is very difficult to verify the accuracy of the data collection
 Only useful for current problems
 It does not permit more comprehensive and dynamic study of the society but deals with the problems of immediate
importance only.
 Under this method, most of the surveys are conducted on sample basis. If the sample is not carefully planned,
inferences drawn may be inaccurate and misleading.

TYPES OF SURVEY METHODS


1. INTERVIEWS – also known as in-person surveys or household surveys, this used to be one of the most popular types of
survey to conduct.
2. INTERCEPT SURVEY – also known as “man on the spot survey, it is conducted at a certain locations or events. It involves
having an interviewer, or multiple interviewers, scoping out an area and asking people, generally at random, for their thoughts
or viewpoints on a particular topic.
3. FOCUS GROUP – involves a number of people rather than just one individual.
4. PANEL SAMPLING – recruiting survey-takers from a panel maintained by a research company is a surefire way to get
respondents because people have specifically signed up to take them.
5. TELEPHONE SURVEY– it is conducted through random digit dialing (RDD). It can be through computer-assisted telephone
interviewing (CATI) software.
6. POST-CALL SURVEY– it is conducted through IVR or Interactive Voice Response. Customers record answers to pre-
recorded questions using numbers on their touch-tone keypads
7. SMS TEXT SURVEY– it is delivered via text to people who have opted in to receive notifications from the sender
8. MAIL-IN or POSTAL SURVEY– it is delivered directly to potential respondents.
9. KIOSK SURVEY– it happens on a computer screen at a physical location. It provides immediate feedback following a
purchase or an interaction.
10. EMAIL SURVEY– it is delivered directly to people via online accounts.
11. POP-UP SURVEY– it is a feedback form that pops up on a website or app.
12. EMBEDDED SURVEY– it lives directly on websites
.
Other types include:
 Social media
 QR Code
 Mobile App
 AI (Artificial Intelligence)

TAKEAWAYS
Survey is a primary tool that provide data as part of overall research strategies. It allows us to gather critical insights from a
target audience. It helps researchers find solutions, create discussions and make decisions.

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