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Probability – 1
Class XII | Sheet #22 | ISC/CBSE

Name: ____________________________________________________________ Date: __________________

Q.1. There are three mutually exclusive and exhaustive events E1, E2 and E3. The odds are 8 : 3 against E1, and
2 : 5 in favour of E2. Find the probability that E3 will happen.
Q.2. In a given race, the odds in favour of four horses A, B, C and D winning are 1 : 3, 1 : 4, 1 : 5 and 1 : 6
respectively. Assuming that there cannot be a tie, find the chance that one of them wins the race.
Q.3. The probability that a contractor will get a plumbing contract is 2/3 and an electric contract is 4/9. If the
probability of getting at least one contract is 4/5, find the probability that he gets both the contracts. [ISC 2003]

Q.4. In a certain city, the probability of not reading the morning newspaper by the residents is and that of not

reading the evening newspaper is . The probability of reading both the newspapers is . Find the probability
that the a resident reads either the morning or the evening or both the papers. [ISC 2005]
Q.5. Tickets numbered from 1 to 20 are mixed up together and then a ticket is drawn at random. What is the
probability that the ticket has a number which is a multiple of 3 or 7? [ISC 2005]
Q.6. A bag contains 20 balls numbered from 1 to 20. One ball is drawn from the bag. What is the probability
that the ball drawn is marked with a number which is a multiple of 3 or 4? [ISC 2014]
Q.7. A card is drawn from a well shuffled pack of playing cards. What is the probability that it is either a spade
or an ace or both? [ISC 2015]
Q.8. A card is drawn at random from a pack of 52 playing cards. What is the probability that the card drawn is
neither a spade nor a queen? [ISC 2006]
Q.9. Two dice are rolled once. Find the probability of getting an even number on the first die or a total of 8.
[ISC 2016]
Q.10. A fair die is thrown up once. What is the probability that either an even number of a number greater than
three will turn up? [ISC 2010]
Q.11. A box contains 30 bolts and 40 nuts. Half of the bolts and half of the nuts are rusted. If two items are
drawn at random, find the probability that either both are rusted or both are bolts. [ISC 2012]
Q.12. Two cards are drawn at random from a pack of 52 cards. What is the probability that the cards are either
both aces or both black cards?
Q.13. A basket contains 20 apples and 10 oranges out of which 5 apples and 3 oranges are rotten. If a person
takes out 2 fruits at random, find the probability that both are apples or both are good.
Q.14. Compute P (A | B) if P (A B) = 0.32 and P(B) = 0.5. [NCERT]

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Q.15. If P (A) = 0.8, P (B) = 0.5 and P (B | A) = 0.4, then find:

(i) P (A B) (ii) P (A | B) (iii) P (A B). [NCERT]
Q.16. In a college, 70% students pass in Physics, 75% pass in Mathematics and 10% students fail in both. One
student is chosen at random. What is the probability that
(i) he passes in Physics and Mathematics.
(ii) he passes in Mathematics given that he passes in Physics.
(iii) he passes in Physics given that he passes in Mathematics. [ISC 2014]
Q.17. Ten cards numbered 1 to 10 are placed in a box, and one card is drawn randomly. If it is known that the
number on the card drawn is more than 3, what is the probability that it is an even number? [NCERT]
Q.18. A black and a red die are rolled. Find the probability of obtaining
(i) a sum greater than 9, given that the black die resulted in a 5.
(ii) the sum 8, given that the red die resulted in a number less than 4. [NCERT]
Q.19. Given that the numbers appearing on throwing two dice are different. Find the probability of the event
‘the sum of the numbers on the dice is 4.’ [NCERT]
Q.20. A question bank consists of 300 easy True/False questions, 200 difficult True/False, 500 easy multiple
choice questions and 400 difficult multiple choice questions. If a question is selected at random, then what is the
probability that it will be an easy question given that it is a multiple choice question? [NCERT]
Q.21. A committee of 4 persons has to be chosen from 8 boys and 6 girls, consisting of at least one girl. Find
the probability that the committee consists of more girls than boys. [ISC 2016]
Q.22. A family has two children. What is the probability that both the children are
(i) boys given that at least one of them is a boy?
(ii) boys if it is known that the elder child is a boy?
(iii) girls if it is known that elder child is a girl? [NCERT]
Q.23. 60% students read Hindi newspaper, 40% students read Tamil newspaper and 20% read both Hindi and
Tamil newspapers. Find the probability that a student selected at random reads:
(i) Tamil newspaper given that he has already read Hindi newspaper.
(ii) Hindi newspaper given that he has already read Tamil newspaper.
(iii) neither Hindi nor Tamil newspaper.
Q.24. Two cards are drawn at random one by one without replacement from a pack of 52 playing cards. Find
the probability that both the cards are black. [NCERT]
Q.25. A bag contains 8 red and 5 white balls. Two draws of 3 balls are made without replacement. Find the
probability that the first draw gives 3 white balls and the second draw gives 3 red balls. [ISC 2012]
Q.26. A and B are two candidates seeking admission in a college. The probability that A is selected is 0.7 and
the probability that exactly one of them is selected is 0.6. Find the probability that B is selected.
Q.27. Two balls are drawn from a bag containing 3 red balls and 4 blue balls. Find the probability that
(i) they are of same colour. (ii) they are of different colour. [ISC 2013]

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Q.28. Two balls are drawn at random with replacement from a box containing 10 black and 8 red balls. Find the
probability that
(i) both balls are red. (ii) first ball is black and second is red.
(iii) one of them is black and the other is red. [NCERT]
Q.29. There are three urns A, B and C. Urn A contains 4 red balls and 3 black balls. Urn B contains 5 red balls
and 4 black balls. Urn C contains 4 red balls and 4 black balls. One ball is drawn from each of these urns. What
is the probability that the three balls drawn consist of 2 red balls and 1 black ball? [ISC 2008]
Q.30. Bag A contains three red balls and four white balls; bag B contains two red and three white balls. One
ball is drawn from bag A and two balls are drawn from bag B. Find the probability that
(i) one ball is red and two balls are white.
(ii) all the three balls are of same colour. [ISC 2013]
Q.31. Two horses are considered for a race. The probability of selection of the first horse is 1/4 and that of the
second is 1/3. What is the probability that
(i) both will be selected. (ii) only one of them will be selected.
(iii) none of them will be selected. [ISC 2009]
Q.32. An article manufactured by a company consists of two parts A and B. In the process of manufacture of
part A, 9 out of 104 may be defective. Similarly, 5 out of 100 parts are likely to be defective in the manufacture
of part B. Calculate the probability that the article manufactured will not be defective. [ISC 2009]
Q.33. A candidate is selected for interview of management trainees for 3 companies. For the first company,
there are 12 candidates, for the second there are 15 candidates and for the third, there are 10 candidates. Find
the probability that he is selected in at least one of the companies. [ISC 2005]
Q.34. A problem in Mathematics is given to four students A, B, C and D. Their chances of solving the problem
are , , and . What is the probability that the problem will be solved? [ISC 2001]

Q.35. A problem in Mathematics is given to three students whose chances of solving it are , and
respectively. If all the three try to solve the problem simultaneously, then find the probability that exactly one
them can solve it. [ISC 2006]
Q.36. Three persons Aman, Bipin and Mohan attempt a Mathematics problem independently. The odds in
favour of Aman and Mohan solving the problem are 3 : 2 and 4 : 1 respectively and the odds against Bipin
solving the problem are 2 : 1. Find the probability that
(i) all three will solve the problem.
(ii) the problem will be solved. [ISC 2013]
Q.37. Three persons A, B and C shoot a target. If in trials, A hits the target 4 times in 5 shots, B hits 3 times in 4
shots and C hits 2 times in 3 shots, find the probability that
(i) exactly two persons hit the target.
(ii) at least two persons hit the target.
(iii) none hit the target. [ISC 2015]
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Probability – 1 | VC-XII/22/2024 Page 3
 VAIBHAV CLASSES
5/5 Lohiya Marg (Colvin Road), Civil Lines, Prayagraj – 211001 | Contact: (+91) 9140-126-101, 9140-176-950

Q.38. A and B throw two dice each. Find the probability that A gets a sum of 9 and B gets a higher sum.
[ISC 2006]
Q.39. A bag contains 5 white and 4 black balls and another bag contains 7 white and 9 black balls. A ball is
drawn from the first bag and two balls are drawn from the second bag. What is the probability of drawing one
white and two black balls? [ISC 2014]
Q.40. Aman and Bhuvan throw a pair of dice alternately. In order to win, they have to get a sum of 8. Find their
respective probabilities of winning if Aman starts the game. [ISC 2011]
Q.41. A and B cut a pack of 52 playing cards alternately and every time the card is put back. The pack is well-
shuffled after each cut. A starts the game and the one who cuts a heart first wins. What are their respective
probabilities of winning?
Q.42. A and B throw a pair of dice alternately. A wins the game if he gets a total of 7 and B wins a game if he
gets a total of 10. If A starts the game, find the probability that B wins the game.
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Answers

1. 34/77 2. 319/420 3. 14/45 4. 9/10 5. 2/5 6. 1/2 7. 4/13

8. 9/13 9. 5/9 10. 2/3 11. 185/483 12. 55/221 13. 316/435 14. 0.64

15. (i) 0.32; (ii) 0.64; (iii) 0.98 16. (i) ; (ii) ; (iii) 17. 18. (i) ; (ii)

19. 20. 21. 23. (i) ; (ii) ; (iii) 23. (i) ; (ii) ; (iii)

24. 25/102 25. 7/429 26. 0.25 27. (i) 3/7; (ii) 4/7 28. (i) 8/9; (ii) 20/81; (iii) 40/81
29. 17/42 30. (i) 33/70; (ii) 3/14 31. (i) 1/12; (ii) 5/12; (iii) 1/2
32. 361/416 33. 0.23 34. 4/5 35. 25/56 36. (i) 4/25; (ii) 71/75
37. (i) 13/30; (ii) 5/6; (iii) 1/60 38. 1/54 39. 2/5 40. 36/67, 31/67
41. 4/7, 3/7 42. 5/17

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Probability – 1 | VC-XII/22/2024 Page 4