COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING GRAPHICS

Question Bank with solutions

UNIT-I
Short answer Questions
1. What is Representative fraction
Representative fraction is defined as the ratio of the linear dimensions of an element of the object
in the drawing to its actual linear dimension of the same element of the object itself.
R.F = Length of an element in the drawing
Actual length of the same element

2. List any five modify toolbar commands in CAD

Five modify toolbar commands in CAD are
1. ERASE- The command erases (deletes) any selected object(s) from the drawing.
2. COPY- This command can be used to create one or more duplicates of any drawing object
3. MIRROR- Create a mirror image of an object. It is useful for creating symmetrical objects
4. OFFSET- Create a duplicate object parallel with the original object.
5. MOVE- Moves one or more objects

3. Explain the types of Engineering scales?

Engineering Scale: The relation between the dimension on the drawing and the actual dimension
of the object is mentioned numerically (Ex. 10 mm = 15 m).
Types of Engineering scales are
1. Full size drawing. Eg: 1 mm = 1 mm
2. Reduced size drawing. Eg: 1 mm = 5 m, 1 mm = 8 km, etc.
3. Enlarged size drawing. Eg: 1 mm = 0.2 mm, 1 mm = 5 mm, etc

4. Define eccentricity?
The ratio between distances of the point from the focus to the distance of the point from the
directrix. It is denoted by “e”.

5. List out any 5 types of lines with applications

Essay questions
1. Construct a plain scale of 1:14 to read feet and inches and long enough to measure 7 feet.
Show a distance of 5 feet 10 inches on it.
1
Sol. 1. R.F=
14
2. Maximum Length to be measured = 7 feet= 7x12= 84 inches
1
3. Length of scale Ls =R.F. x Max. Length = ( ) x 84 = 6 inches = 15.24 cm
14

2. Construct a Diagonal scale of RF = 3:200 showing meters, decimeters and

centimeters. The scale should measure up to 6 meters. Show a distance of 4.56 meters.
3
Sol. 1. R.F. =
200
2. Maximum Length to be measured = 6 m
3
3. Length of scale Ls =R.F. x Max. Length = ( ) x 6 x 100 = 9 cm
200
3. The distance between two stations by road is 200 km and it is represented on a certain
map by a 5 cm long line. Find the R.F. and construct a diagonal scale showing single
kilometer and long enough to measure up to 600 km. Showa distance of 467 km on
this scale.
5 𝑐𝑚 5𝑐𝑚 1
Sol. 1. R. F. = = =
200 𝑘𝑚 200𝑋105 𝑐𝑚 4𝑋106

2. Maximum Length to be measured = 600 X 105 cm

1
3. Length of scale Ls =R.F. x Max. Length = x 600 x 105 = 15 cm
4𝑋106

4. Construct an ellipse when the distance of its focus from its directrix is equal to 50 mm
and eccentricity is 2/3. Also draw a tangent and a normal to the ellipse at a point
70mm away from the directrix.
Sol.

**Note: No need to draw tangent and normal if not asked in question

5. Draw a parabola when the distance between its focus and Directrix is 50mm. Also,
draw a tangent and a normal at a point70 mm from the directrix.
Sol.

6. Draw a hyperbola when the distance of its focus from its directrix is 50 mm and
eccentricity is 3/2. Also, draw a tangent and a normal to the hyperbola at a point 25
mm from the directrix.
Sol.
7. Draw a cycloid of a circle of diameter 50 mm for one revolution. Also, draw a tangent
and a normal to the curve at a point 35mm above the baseline.
Sol.

8. Draw an Epicycloid having a generating circle of diameter 50 mm and a directing

curve of radius 100 mm. Also draw a normal and a tangent at any point M on the
curve.
Sol.
9. Draw a hypocycloid of a circle of diameter 50 mm, which rolls inside a circle of
diameter 180 mm for one revolution. Also, draw a tangent and a normal to the
hypocycloid at a point 50 mm from the centre of the directing circle.
Sol.
 UNIT-II
Short answer Questions
1. What is orthographic projection
A. The orthographic projection is a parallel projection in which the projectors are parallel to each other
and perpendicular to the plane of projection.
2. Define truncated solid?
A. When a solid (prism/cylinder/pyramid/cone) is cut by a cutting plane inclined to its base
(not parallel), the remaining portion thus obtained after removing the top portion is called
the Truncated Solid.
3. Differentiate between first angle and third angle projection

4. Show the symbolic representation of first angle and third angle projection
A.

5. Draw the orthographic projections of Point R is 25 mm below HP and 30 mm behind VP.

a
I
30

x y
25

aI
Essay questions
1. Draw the orthographic projections of the following points?
a. Point P is 30 mm above HP and 40 mm. in front of VP.
b. Point Q is 25 mm above HP and 35 mm. behind VP.
c. Point R is 32 mm below HP and 45 mm behind VP.
d. Point S is 35 mm below HP and 42 mm in front of VP.
e. Point T is in HP and 30 mm behind VP.
f. Point U is in VP and 40 mm below HP.
g. Point V is in VP and 35 mm above HP.

Sol.

2. The point A of a line AB is in HP and 60 mm in front of VP. The point B is in VP and 40 mm

above HP. The distance between projectors is 70 mm. Draw the projections of the line and
find the true length and inclinations
3. A line PQ of 70 mm length is inclined at 30° to the horizontal plane and its end P is
10 mm above the horizontal plane and 15 mm in front of the vertical plane. When its
front view measures 50 mm, Determine its inclination with the vertical plane.

4. A regular pentagon of 30 mm side is resting on one of its edges on HP which is inclined

at 45° to VP. Its surface is inclined at 30° to HP. Draw its projections.
 5. A regular hexagon of 20 mm has its one of its sides in the horizontal plane and makes
an angle of 30° with the vertical plane. Draw the projections of the plane when its
surface makes an angle of 60° with the horizontal plane.

UNIT-III
Short answer Questions
1. Define truncated solid?
A. When a solid (prism/cylinder/pyramid/cone) is cut by a cutting plane inclined to its base
(not parallel), the remaining portion thus obtained after removing the top portion is called
the Truncated Solid.

2. Give some examples of regular polygon?

A. A regular polygon is a polygon with similar sides and equal angles. The examples of regular
polygons include equilateral triangle, square, regular pentagon, and so on.

3. Define frustum of a solid?

A. When a solid (generally a cone or a pyramid) is cut by a cutting plane which is parallel to
its base, the remaining portion thus obtained after removing the top portion is known as
frustum of that solid.

4. What is a polyhedron?
A. A polyhedron is a three-dimensional solid made up of polygons. It has flat faces, straight
edges, and vertices. For example, a cube, prism, or pyramid are polyhedrons.

5. Brief about section of solids?

A. Sectional drawings are Multiview technical drawings that contain special views of a part
or parts, views that reveal interior features. Sectional views are based on the use of an
imaginary cutting plane that cuts through the object to reveal interior features.
Essay Questions
1. A hexagonal pyramid of base side 30 mm and axis 60 mm, has an edge of its base on
the ground inclined at 45° to the VP and the axis is inclined at 30° to the HP. Draw its
projections.
Sol.

2. A cylinder of 50 mm base diameter and 65 mm long axis rests on a point of its base
circle on the HP. Draw its projections when the axis is making an angle of 30° with
HP. and top view of the axis is perpendicular to VP.
Sol.
3. A pentagonal prism of base side 30 mm and height 60 mm rests on one of its base side
on the H.P. inclined at 30° to the V.P. Its axis is inclined at 45° to the H.P. Draw its
projections.
Sol.

4. A cylinder of base diameter 50 mm and axis 60 mm is resting on its base on the HP. It is cut
by a section plane perpendicular to VP, the V.T of which cuts the axis at a point 40 mm from
the bottom face and inclined at 45° to the reference line. Draw its front view, sectional top
view and true shape of the section.
Sol.
5. A cone of base diameter 50 mm and axis 60 mm is resting on its base on the HP. It is
cut by an A.I.P. inclined at 45° to the HP. and passing through a point on the axis, 20
mm above the base. Draw its sectional top view and obtain true shape of the section.
 UNIT-IV
Short answer Questions
1. Differentiate between singly curved surface and doubly curved surface
A. A singly curved surface has its radius in one plane. Single curved surfaces are composed
of consecutive pairs of straight-line elements in the same plane. Example: Tetrahedron and
other polyhedrons.
A doubly curved surface has its radii in two planes. For double curved surfaces like spheres,
they are theoretically not possible to develop. Thus, surface of the sphere is developed by
approximate method.

2. Formulae for calculate the sector angle of development of cone?

A.

where,
r=radius of cone,
h= height of cone

3. Name the method used for obtaining the developments of prisms and cylinders?
A. Parallel line method: It is used for development of prisms and single curved surfaces like
cylinders in which the edges and generation of lateral surfaces is parallel to one another.

4. Explain the importance of development of surfaces?

A. Knowledge of development is very useful in sheet metal work, construction of storage
vessels, chemical vessels, boilers, and chimneys. Such vessels are manufactured from
plates that are cut according to these developments and then properly bend into desired
shaped. Every line on the development should show the true length of the corresponding
line on the surface which is developed.
5. Name the method used for obtaining the developments of Pyramids and cone
A. Radial-line Method: It is employed for pyramids and single curved surfaces like cones in
which the apex is taken as centre and the slant edge or generator as radius of its
development.
Essay Questions
1. A pentagonal prism of base side 30 mm and axis 70 mm is resting on its base on the
HP. with a rectangular face parallel to the VP. It is cut by an auxiliary inclined plane
(A.I.P.) whose V.T.is inclined at 45° to the reference line and passes through the mid-
point of the axis. Draw the development of the lateral surface of the truncated prism.

2. A square hole of side 25 mm is cut in a cylindrical drum of diameter 50 mm and height

70 mm. The faces of the hole are inclined at 45° to the HP. and axis intersects with
that of the drum at right angles. Draw the development of its lateral surface.
3. A hexagonal prism of base side 30 mm and axis 70 mm is resting on its base on the ground with a side
of base inclined at 45° to the VP. It is cut by an auxiliary inclined plane inclined at 45° to the HP. and
passes through a point 15 mm below the top end of the axis. Draw the development of the lateral surface
of the truncated prism.

4. A pentagonal pyramid of base side 30 mm and axis 60 mm, rests on its base on the HP. with a side of
the base parallel to the VP. It is cut by two section plane which meet at a height of 20 mm from the
base. One of the section planes is horizontal, while the other is an auxiliary inclined plane whose V.T.
is inclined at 45° to the HP. Draw the development of the lateral surface of the solid when apex is
removed.
5. A cone of base diameter 50 mm and axis 60 mm is resting on its base on the HP. A
section plane perpendicular to VP and inclined at 45° to HP bisects the axis of the
cone. Draw the development of its lateral surface.
 UNIT-V
Short answer Questions
1. What is the Isometric scale?
A. Isometric projection is drawn using an Isometric scale, which converts true lengths into
isometric lengths which are foreshortened.

2. The exact value of R.F. of an isometric scale is?

A. Value of R.F. of an isometric scale is 0.816.

3. Differentiate isometric projection and isometric view?

4. What is the use of EXTRUDE command in AutoCAD?

A. AutoCAD’s Extrude command converts 2D shapes into 3D shapes by adding the missing
dimension through a positive or negative length. The extrusion allows the creation of a new
solid while maintaining the original geometry of the 2D surface.
5. What is the appearance shape and method to draw the circle in isometric view?
A. The appearance shape of circle in isometric view is Ellipse and to draw ellipse in isometric
view we use “Four centric method” or “Coordinate method”.
Essay Questions
1. Pictorial view of on object is shown in figure, using first angle projection draw the a) Front
View b)Top View and c) Right hand side view.

All dimensions are in mm

Sol.
 2. Draw the front view, side view, and top view of the block as shown in figure.

All dimensions are in mm

Sol.
 3. Pictorial view of an object is shown in figure, using first angle projection draw its a)
Front View b) Top View and c) Right hand side view.

All dimensions are in mm

Sol.
4. A sphere of diameter 40 mm rests centrally on the top of the cube of side 50 mm. Draw
the isometric projection of the solid.
Sol.

5. Draw the isometric projection of the frustum of a cone of base diameter 60 mm, top
diameter 30 mm and height 55 mm.
Sol.
6. Draw the isometric projection of the frustum of a hexagonal pyramid of base side 40
mm, top side 25 mm and height 70 mm. The frustum rests on the base on the HP.
Sol.

7. The front and Top views are shown in Fig. Draw its isometric view.

All dimensions are in mm

Sol.