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Vibration-assisted drilling showed an acceptable entry and exit delamination for all the investigated
machining parameters. Visit our dedicated information section to learn more about MDPI. With the
assistance of the filling conveyors, such supports have been widely applied in the coal mining sites.
Modeling the Behavior of CFRP Strengthened Concrete Beams and Columns at Different
Temperatures. Fibers. 2020; 8(2):10. In this study FE analysis of flat slabs is proposed. Author
contributions HG and MZ carried out the structure of the article and wrote the paper, PL and ML
figured out the literature review on CFRP applications, YZ finished drafting and analysis and the
final version of the manuscript. The events of simulation loadings were depicted in Figure 7 a. For
electric cars, light-weight structure can reduce the electric propulsion due to low battery capacity and
low excitation of power traction. In mining sites, structural design for the top beam, such as the
strength requirement and parameters optimization, is critical because the external load contacts the
top beam to transfer force, aiming at achieving the significant technical and economic benefits by
proper weight reduction ( Xue, 2018 ). Contact bonding is supported in the cohesive behavior option
of the contact interaction property, see Table 3 for adhesive properties. This phenomenon was due to
the combined effect of excessive thermal load and poor chip evacuation that resulted in tool-chip
welding. Three modulation amplitudes were selected based on a previous wide range study. The
report covers the Americas, APAC, and EMEA; it also covers the global CFRP market landscape
and its growth prospects in the coming years. References Buyalich, G., Byakov, M., Buyalich, K.,
and Shtenin, E. (2019). Development of powered support hydraulic legs with improved performance.
The tool wear progress and hole quality study were conducted over a dry drilling process of 50
drilled holes. Hussein, R.; Sadek, A.; Elbestawi, M.A.; Attia, M.H. The report includes a discussion
of the key vendors operating in this market. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
(JCDD). Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. Feature papers represent the
most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. A Feature. Conflict of
interest The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or
financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Contact bonding is
enabled in the cohesive behavior option of the contact interaction property. International Journal of
Translational Medicine (IJTM). Although the lightweight research on new materials replacement is
still in the preliminary stage, the application of carbon composite has made a new guidance. In
particular, a three-scale material model is realized by the concatenation of the material network for
each composite. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please
take a few seconds to upgrade your browser. Previous Article in Journal Phase Change with Density
Variation and Cylindrical Symmetry: Application to Selective Laser Melting. As conclusion, the
newly proposed dual function vertical coil probe is found most suitable for the CFRP fiber breakage
detection. Moreover, with the increase in CFRP layers, the value of deflection is minimized. In this
process new tool concepts and innovative process strategies are developed, tested and prepared for
the industrial application.
This problem hinders the CFRP applications on the hydraulic cylinder. The sequence of failure in the
simulation was similar to that of the experimental tests, see Figure 6. With the assistance of the
filling conveyors, such supports have been widely applied in the coal mining sites. Journal of
Pharmaceutical and BioTech Industry (JPBI). It is estimated that every 10% reduction in vehicle
weight can cut fuel consumption by about 7% for traditional vehicles. After analyzing the major
industrial applications of CFRP in the three main parts, hydraulic structure, cylinder and special
frames, it demonstrated the feasibility of the potential CFRP exploitations in the future research of
hydraulic support for coal mining sites. 1 Introduction Hydraulic support is the key structure of fully
mechanized coal mining equipment. Visit our dedicated information section to learn more about
MDPI. Lack of transverse reinforcement within the joint reign, hence lack of ductility in the joints
could be one of the main reasons that many concrete buildings have failed during earthquakes
around the world. In addition, this conclusion was confirmed by the significant increase of the
cutting torque by 400% (from 4 Nm to 16.9 Nm). Comparatively, the drilled holes number increased
with the use of VAD. We use cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience. Fiber-
Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites are typically made of fibers such as, glass, aramid, and
carbon in a polyester or vinyl ester resin matrix. This article presents the exerted effort that are taken
to understand the structural behavior of RC slabs with. A new technique of rehabilitation scheme is
proposed for retrofitting. The results show that a FEM results were in good agreement with
experimental results. Near surface mounted (NSM) strengthening technique has proved to be an
adequate technique that can be employed to restore or enhance the performance of the original
structure. In addition, the surface roughness during stack drilling is more than double that for the
separate drilling of CFRP. Paper should be a substantial original Article that involves several
techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for. Crack propagation of FRP strengthened concrete
column at peak load (RT). These approaches may be requiring a significant usable floor, cumbersome
and expensive. Crack propagation of FRP strengthened concrete column at peak load (RT). For CD,
the burned and welded Ti chip was observed after the second drilled hole. Please let us know what
you think of our products and services. In addition, hole quality is linked to the cutting forces to
generate a machining map for industrial application. 2. Experimental Setup The drilling process was
conducted using a five-axis Makino A 88 machining center, as described in Figure 2. As the drilled
hole number increased, the cutting torque and thrust increased for both machining techniques. While
the entry and exit CFRP delamination were evaluated using a Keynece Digital Microscope, the hole
diameter error was calculated by taking an average of ten points on the top and bottom surfaces for
both materials using a Mitutoyo Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM). 3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Effect of Tool Wear on the Thrust Force Drilling forces analysis is a fundamental step through
which the effect of chip evacuation efficiency and tool wear progress can be predicted. The cohesive
strength decreases when the temperature increases. If you need to make more complex queries, use
the tips below to guide you. The most critical force is the punching shear force becaus e it's sudden
failure. Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Rapid expansion of the
usage of carbon fiber composite materials, which are extensively employed in a variety of civilian
industries, including aviation, aerospace, defense, automotive, electronic information, and high-speed
machinery.
Feature papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the
field. A Feature. These prestressed concrete (PSC) members need to be upgraded to increase their
load carrying capacity to overcome the loss of prestressing force which may occur due to various
loading conditions such as construction load, moving load on bridges etc. You can download the
paper by clicking the button above. But the starting pressure, running friction and other test data,
remained undiscussed. In this experiment four number of Post-tensioned beams were cast to study
the effect of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) strengthened beams under flexural behavior.
Therefore, the honeycomb structure possesses the feasibility to replace the box structure of top beam,
shield beam, base, links and other major loaded parts in hydraulic support. These forces' effects
increased when an opening is placed at a location at which cut the path of th e load to column. Fig.
1: Punching shear failure A. These approaches may be requiring a significant usable floor,
cumbersome and expensive. As the drilled hole number increased, the cutting torque and thrust
increased for both machining techniques. The properties have been selected to be the same as those
for the FRP strengthened concrete beam simulation. You can download the paper by clicking the
button above. Furthermore, there is a lack of sufficient information and instructions are needed to
design carbon fiber bars reinforcement in existing concrete slabs. Download Free PDF View PDF
ANALYSIS OF POST-TENSIONED BEAMS STRENGTHENED BY CFRP FOR FLEXURE
eSAT Journals Pre-stressing is generally having more application in long span bridges. To browse
Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade
your browser. Test results showed the presence of opening along the flexure. MSC Marc was used to
develop the model and in conjunction with a Hashin damage material model. Journal of Theoretical
and Applied Electronic Commerce Research (JTAER). These machining difficulties are attributed to
high thermal load and poor chip evacuation mechanism. To connect the two parts, the type of
constraint that has been used was surface-to-surface contact. To manufacture carbon fiber reinforced
plastic (CFRP) we first wove carbon fiber to textile material then resin is applied to the material and
left to cure. After analyzing the major industrial applications of CFRP in the three main parts,
hydraulic structure, cylinder and special frames, it demonstrated the feasibility of the potential CFRP
exploitations in the future research of hydraulic support for coal mining sites. 1 Introduction
Hydraulic support is the key structure of fully mechanized coal mining equipment. The drilling
process of nonuniform structures plays a significant role prior to the assembly operation. The knurled
and sandblasted interface is exploited to prevent the bonding between CFRP and metal. On the other
hand, VAD showed an acceptable hole size over the investigated drilled holes. The measured cutting
forces for VAD did not show any change over the 50 drilled holes, as shown in Figure 5. The
reduction of Ti surface quality was attributed to the abrasive effect of the CFRP chip. Concrete
flexural crack, FRP rupture and delamination at experimental tests. The cohesive strength decreases
when the temperature increases. The results showed that damage, surface roughness, and cutting
forces were affected by cutting parameters and flute number of end mill. Although their weights are
lighter than the steel piston and end cover, carbon fiber surface finish is not consistent, which causes
the material fragments off and damage the hydraulic system.
European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education (EJIHPE). The cohesive
strength decreases when the temperature increases see Table 3 and Table 6. With the assistance of the
filling conveyors, such supports have been widely applied in the coal mining sites. International
Journal of Translational Medicine (IJTM). Furthermore, the applications of CFRP on bottom panel of
the solid filling support and clapboard of the paste filling support achieved the extraordinary
lightweight effects, due to the high strength and toughness of CFRP. Despite, the extensive to
optimize separate machining process of both materials, the machining process suffers when it comes
to production time, cost, and assembly positional error. Low-frequency vibration-assisted drilling
(LF-VAD) is an advanced manufacturing technique where the dynamic change of the uncut chip
thickness is used to manipulate the cutting energy. You can download the paper by clicking the
button above. Author contributions HG and MZ carried out the structure of the article and wrote the
paper, PL and ML figured out the literature review on CFRP applications, YZ finished drafting and
analysis and the final version of the manuscript. For all machining conditions, VAD resulted in a
lower entry delamination factor compared to CD, as shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16. In such
cases the en tire floor system and the columns act integrally in a two-way frame action. On the other
hand, VAD showed an acceptable hole size over the investigated drilled holes. To connect the two
parts, the type of constraint that has been used was surface-to-surface contact. In addition, this
conclusion was confirmed by the significant increase of the cutting torque by 400% (from 4 Nm to
16.9 Nm). Comparatively, the drilled holes number increased with the use of VAD. In this work, an
anisotropic numerical code based on Ar formulation is developed and validated at first. As a result of
this resistance, an extremely large max principle stress values will generate. The extended finite
element method was used to model the behavior of those elements numerically. 5.1. FRP
Strengthened Concrete Beams at Room Temperature (RT) By running the ABQUS-CAE software,
the load started to increase by steps and the section began to deform until failure. Journal of Low
Power Electronics and Applications (JLPEA). To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster
and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser. In addition, flat slab
constructions do not restrict the positioning of horizontal services and partitions and help to minimize
floor-to-floor heights. However, the benefit of VAD in reducing the machining thermal load can
clearly be noticed even at high cutting speed and feed. As a result of that the buildings which consist
of flat slab must to be devoted to requirements of connecting to public utilities such as deflation
pipes or gas pipes or others. Models were validated by edge trimming experiments on a uni-
directional laminate at different fibre orientations using a three flute PCD milling tool. This problem
hinders the CFRP applications on the hydraulic cylinder. Moreover, carbon fiber honeycomb panel
can be resized under various requirements, in terms of its extraordinary plasticity. The comparison
between beam-column joints before and after retrofitting is presented by load versus deflection, load
versus CFRP strain, energy dissipation, and ductility. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet
faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser. This article presents the
exerted effort that are taken to understand the structural behavior of RC slabs with. Two types of
material properties were input to the ABAQUS-CAE. Lack of sufficient information about the load-
carrying capacity of the slabs with openings and performance is another concern.
For all machining conditions, LF-VAD resulted in a lower flank wear-land compared to CD.
Modeling the Behavior of CFRP Strengthened Concrete Beams and Columns at Different
Temperatures. Fibers. 2020; 8(2):10. The objective of this research was to investigate the feasibility
of strengthening of reinforced concrete flat slab with openings with different sizes using CFRP
laminates under uniform distributed load. Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Analyses (JETA).
International Journal of Translational Medicine (IJTM). High frequency eddy current testing method
is considered to be a promising tool for the NDT of CRFP. The sequence of failure in the simulation
was similar to that of the experimental tests, see Figure 6. In this experiment four number of Post-
tensioned beams were cast to study the effect of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP)
strengthened beams under flexural behavior. The way of FRP rupture in the simulation was similar to
the mode that was observed during the experimental tests ( Figure 11 ). The author attributed this
reduction in surface quality to the fast tool wear mechanism during stack drilling. European Journal
of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education (EJIHPE). Its function is to support the roof of
the mine, ensure the safety of the working space, and move the scraper conveyor and shearer in the
working face ( Buyalich et al., 2019; Gou, 2014 ). This article is an open access article distributed
under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( ). Vibration-
assisted drilling showed an acceptable entry and exit delamination for all the investigated machining
parameters. The current study presents the effect of the selected LF-VAD machining parameters on
the tool wear mechanism and the associated influence on the machining forces, temperature, and
hole quality. With the development and application of special support, it is expected to apply carbon
fiber composites for the hydraulic support to drive the lightweight development in the coal mines,
and achieve promising effects of energy conservation and emission reduction. Journal of
Cardiovascular Development and Disease (JCDD). Abstract: With the growing interest to use
composite materials in industrial fields such as the aerospace and the transportation engineering,
more attention is devoted to the development and application of non-destructive testing (NDT)
techniques to the inspection of defects in carbon fiber reinforced polyme r (CFRP). Journal of
Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing and Balance Medicine (JOHBM). Load and boundary conditions of
FRP strengthened column model. ( a ) Mesh of concrete by size; ( b ) Mesh of FRP by size. Energy-
dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) element composition analysis for the selected points in Figure
11. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few
seconds to upgrade your browser. Sometimes complete replacement and construction of bridges are
not economical and it's not feasible. Contact bonding is enabled in the cohesive behavior option of
the contact interaction property. Editors select a small number of articles recently published in the
journal that they believe will be particularly. The CFRP hydraulic cylinder manufactured by the
Lightweight Centre of Saxony (LZS) was tested with a 30% weight reduction to replace the
retractable and retractable actuators for the nose landing gear of passenger aircraft ( Modler et al.,
2016 ). Scholz ( Scholz and Kroll, 2014 ) designed a nano Al 2 O 3 reinforced epoxy coating to
replace the metal lining, in terms of the failure of FRP lamination structure and various mechanical
properties, as shown in Figure 1C. Lack of attention to detailing and thermal characteristics of
individual components as well as the entire FRP deck system can lead to build up of large thermal
stresses, which can result in unexpected deformations and damage. The properties have been selected
to be the same as those for the FRP strengthened concrete beam simulation. So, there are various
approaches to strengthen RC slabs.
Principal stress of CFRP reached the input 456 MPa (66,000 psi) at rupture. Editor’s Choice articles
are based on recommendations by the scientific editors of MDPI journals from around the world. We
use cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience. The most critical force is the
punching shear force becaus e it's sudden failure. The knurled and sandblasted interface is exploited
to prevent the bonding between CFRP and metal. The failure of fiber is found to be a combination
of bending (from rear side) and crushing (from front side) for higher fiber orientation, while the
bending effect becomes more significant for the lower fiber orientation. Two types of material
properties were input to the ABAQUS-CAE. It is common for such structures to undergo changes
while still in service, which may result in a reduction of their strength. Lack of attention to detailing
and thermal characteristics of individual components as well as the entire FRP deck system can lead
to build up of large thermal stresses, which can result in unexpected deformations and damage. The
cutting and thrust forces during orthogonal machining were studied both experimentally and
numerically for a range of fiber orientations, depths of cut and tool rake angles. Over the last few
years, many studied on the effect of cutting parameters and tool geometry using conventional
machining, the phenomena associated with unconventional machining of composite material requires
some supplementary studies in order to make damage free machining of composite materials.
Conflict of interest The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any
commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The
failure changed above the FRP transition temperature from failure in the concrete near the interface
with the adhesive to failure exactly in the interface in between the concrete and the adhesive. The
cutting forces were measured using a Kistler four-component dynamometer type 9272 and supported
by Kistler Multichannel Charge Amplifier type 5019 B. In this paper, the effect of openings and the
efficiency of using NSM carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips as strengthening technique
are investigated. Therefore, the honeycomb structure possesses the feasibility to replace the box
structure of top beam, shield beam, base, links and other major loaded parts in hydraulic support.
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research (JTAER). Next Article in Journal
A Systematic Survey of FDM Process Parameter Optimization and Their Influence on Part
Characteristics. The maximum discrepancy was 27%. (2) At room temperature, the FRP strengthened
beams showed predominately flexural cracks in concrete, followed by a brief FRP delamination prior
to FRP rupture. The optimal machining parameters of each material are conflicting, and consequently
the machining process could produce undesirable effects. The mesh seed was chosen edge by size 0.4
for FRP (1344 nodes, 640 elements) and 0.69 for concrete (1573 nodes, 1440 elements), see Figure
4. Although their weights are lighter than the steel piston and end cover, carbon fiber surface finish is
not consistent, which causes the material fragments off and damage the hydraulic system. Three
modulation amplitudes were selected based on a previous wide range study. Mesh of concrete beam
and FRP strengthening sheet. ( a ) Mesh of concrete by size (0.6); ( b ) Mesh of FRP by size (0.3).
Contact bonding is supported in the cohesive behavior option of the contact interaction property, see
Table 3 for adhesive properties. In this study FE analysis of flat slabs is proposed. Follow the cost
reduction the application of carbon fiber reinforced composites in the manufacturing process of
hydraulic support is expected to achieve large-scale industrial practices in the future. 1) Carbon fiber
honeycomb panel could replace the top beam, shield beam, base, links and other main loaded parts of
the hydraulic support with box structure at the technical level. Feature papers are submitted upon
individual invitation or recommendation by the scientific editors and must receive. The results
showed a significant reduction in the thrust force, cutting torque, cutting temperature, and flank
wear-land. Gawil, Bassma, Hwai-Chung Wu, and Abulgasem Elarbi.
These machining difficulties are attributed to high thermal load and poor chip evacuation
mechanism. The failure changed under the FRP transition temperature from failure in the concrete
near the interface with the adhesive to failure exactly in the interface in between the concrete and the
adhesive. Solazzi ( Solazzi, 2019 ) designed a connection structure between CFRP and aluminum
alloy piston, as shown in Figure 1B. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease (JCDD).
Carbon fiber structure reinforces the panel, to bear the load and improve the flexural performance.
Determining static structural, dynamic, or vibrational, and explicit dynamics is a crucial challenge in
drilling CFRP. The failure changed under the FRP transition temperature from failure in the concrete
near the interface with the adhesive to failure exactly in the interface in between the concrete and the
adhesive. The reduction of Ti surface quality was attributed to the abrasive effect of the CFRP chip.
A few types of CFRP composites of interest are listed below, Unidirectional fiber composite Woven
composite Short fiber composite Long fiber composite A detailed study on unidirectional fiber
composite and woven composite can be found in our 2019 JMPS paper. For flexural strength, the
concrete beam model was tested by center-point loading according to ASTM C293, whereas the
effective span length was three times of the beam depth and the distance from the center of the
support to the beam edge was 50 mm (2?) each side. The maximum principal stress of concrete
reached the input Max. Drilling is a vital final machining process for components made of composite
laminates. For the first part (concrete), the section type was selected “deformable”, the shape was
chosen “Solid”, and the type was “Extrusion”. Hussein, R.; Sadek, A.; Elbestawi, M.A.; Attia, M.H.
The overall approach consists of computations using finite element models to simulate the structural
behavior of FRP bonded beams and columns. International Journal of Turbomachinery, Propulsion
and Power (IJTPP). Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. A total of three
full-scale prestressed HC slabs were tested; one without opening, one with an opening in the pure
flexural zone and one with strengthened opening. However, the benefit of VAD in reducing the
machining thermal load can clearly be noticed even at high cutting speed and feed. As conclusion,
the newly proposed dual function vertical coil probe is found most suitable for the CFRP fiber
breakage detection. Download Free PDF View PDF ANALYSIS OF POST-TENSIONED BEAMS
STRENGTHENED BY CFRP FOR FLEXURE eSAT Journals Pre-stressing is generally having
more application in long span bridges. Near surface mounted (NSM) strengthening technique has
proved to be an adequate technique that can be employed to restore or enhance the performance of
the original structure. Low thermal load and high chip evacuation efficiency were of the main
factors controlling this result. However, there is still a lack of investigations on the related
optimization design and experimental verification. 2) Carbon fiber composites research of hydraulic
cylinder has a certain amount of progress on commercial use, but the high cost restricts its
applications in hydraulic support columns and jack. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet
faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser. Tropical Medicine and
Infectious Disease (TropicalMed). Therefore, such applications also demonstrate high-cost CFRP can
be exploited in some certain circumstances, where economic benefits could cover the cost of CFRP.
Carbon fiber application are automotive, aerospace, marine, construction and structural engineering.
Visit our dedicated information section to learn more about MDPI. The outstanding properties of this
material such as high strength to weight ratio, high stiffness and high resistance to corrosion can be
tailored to meet specific design applications.