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Routing and Switching

This document discusses routing and switching topics including virtual LANs (VLANs), VLAN configuration, inter-VLAN routing, and VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) modes. It provides information on VLAN operations and lab exercises for configuring VLANs and inter-VLAN routing on switches and routers. Configuration procedures are presented for segmenting ports into VLANs, configuring trunk ports, and setting up routing between VLANs using various inter-VLAN routing methods. The VTP modes of server, client, and transparent are also defined for dynamically sharing VLAN configurations between switches.

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195 views10 pages

Routing and Switching

This document discusses routing and switching topics including virtual LANs (VLANs), VLAN configuration, inter-VLAN routing, and VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) modes. It provides information on VLAN operations and lab exercises for configuring VLANs and inter-VLAN routing on switches and routers. Configuration procedures are presented for segmenting ports into VLANs, configuring trunk ports, and setting up routing between VLANs using various inter-VLAN routing methods. The VTP modes of server, client, and transparent are also defined for dynamically sharing VLAN configurations between switches.

Uploaded by

supersaiyan445566
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Routing and Switching

Instructor: Dr. Saleem ullah


Department of Computer Science
KFUEIT – Rahim Yar Khan

Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Abu Dhabi Road, Rahim Yar Khan. Tel: +92 68 5882400, +92 68 5882432, Fax: +92 68 5882405, www.kfueit.edu.pk
Contents

• Virtual LANs
• VLAN Operations
• VLAN Lab/Configuration
• Inter VLAN
• Inter VLAN Lab/Configuration
• VTP Modes

Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Abu Dhabi Road, Rahim Yar Khan. Tel: +92 68 5882400, +92 68 5882432, Fax: +92 68 5882405, www.kfueit.edu.pk
Virtual Local
Area Network
(VLAN)
VLANs logically segment
switched networks based on the
functions, project teams, or
applications of the organization
regardless of the physical
location or connections to the
network.
All workstations and servers used
by a particular workgroup share
the same VLAN, regardless of
the physical connection or
location.
VLAN
Operations
Each switch port could be assigned
to a different VLAN.
Ports assigned to the same VLAN
share broadcasts.
The default VLAN for every port in
the switch is the management
VLAN (VLAN 1).
VLAN Membership can be static
(Port bases) or Dynamic (MAC
Address).
Port types (Access, Trunk).
VLAN Lab
Inter VLAN
Inter VLAN Routing is the process of forwarding network traffic
from one VLAN to another VLAN using a router. As we know
that, VLAN trunk allows you to communicate between two or more
same VLAN on different switches. Same like this, Inter VLAN
routing allows you to communicate between two or more
completely different VLAN in the same switch or other with the
help of layer device Router.
Types of Inter VLAN Routing:

Inter VLAN can be configured in three different ways:


o Traditional Method
o Router on stick
o Inter VLAN in layer 3 switch
Inter VLAN
Traditional Method
This is an old method and not in use nowadays. In this method, you need separate physical interfaces for each VLAN. For example, if
there is 10 VLANs then your router must have 10 physical ports to configure Inter VLAN. For this reason, it is also cost-effective.
Router on a stick
Router configuration in which a single physical interface routes traffic between multiple VLAN on a network is called router on a stick.
This is the latest method and nowadays every network admin using this method. This method allows you to create subinterfaces on the
single port of a router. For example, there is 10 VLAN then unlike traditional method you no need 10 physical port on a router. Instead of
this, you can add all the VLAN in the single port of a router itself by creating virtual subinterfaces. (eg: f0/0.1, f0/0.2, f0/0.3, etc).

Inter VLAN in layer 3 switch


This method allows you to configure Inter VLAN Routing in the switch itself. But, for this, you need layer 3 switches. You cannot
configure Inter VLAN on layer 2 switch.
Inter VLAN
Lab
Inter VLAN Configuration
Switch Configuration: Router Configuration:
//Create four VLANs R1(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0.10
• AS1(Config)#vlan 10 R1(config-if)#encapsulation dot1Q 10
• AS1(Config)#vlan 20 R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
• AS1(Config)#vlan 30
• AS1(Config)#vlan 40 R1(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0.20
R1(config-if)#encapsulation dot1Q 20
//Add ports in vlans R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
• AS1(Config)#interface fa 0/2
• AS1(Config-if)#Switchport access vlan 10 R1(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0.30
• AS1(Config)#interface fa 0/3 R1(config-if)#encapsulation dot1Q 30
• AS1(Config-if)#Switchport access vlan 20 R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0
• AS1(Config)#interface fa 0/4
• AS1(Config-if)#Switchport access vlan 30 R1(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0.40
• AS1(Config)#interface fa 0/5 R1(config-if)#encapsulation dot1Q 40
• AS1(Config-if)#Switchport access vlan 40 R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.40.1 255.255.255.0

//configure trunk port R1(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0


• AS1(Config)#interface fa 0/1 R1(config-if)#no shutdown
• AS1(Config-if)#Switchport mode trunk
VTP Modes (share VLANs dynamically between switches)
• Server (vtp mode server)
create vlans, delete vlans, update vlans, share and forward vlans, Default mode
• Client (vtp mode client)
only accept vlans from other switches having same domain/group, also forward to other switches.
• Transparent (vtp mode transparent)
create vlans locally only, don’t’ share with other switches, also forward vlans if received from other switches.
Important Commands:
i. Show vtp status
ii. Show interfaces trunk
iii. Vtp mode server
iv. Vtp mode client
v. Vtp mode transparent
vi. Vtp domain domain_name
vii. Switchport mode trunk

Note: Configuration Revision Number

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