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First and foremost I am indebted to my advisor Dr. Myung K. Kim who gave me the opportunity to
work on very challenging experiments. Department has been an unbelievably encouraging and.
Needless to say collecting thousands of Ophthalmology thesis topics at one place was a time
consuming job. The EMA and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonists: A Wake-Up Call The EMA and
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonists: A Wake-Up Call Cell cytoskeleton and molecular motors.pdf
Cell cytoskeleton and molecular motors.pdf AI in Healthcare a hands on workshop resource AI in
Healthcare a hands on workshop resource GERIATRIC PHARMACOLOGY Geriatric pharmacology
is a specialized field focusing. Here we will review numerical reconstruction algorithms for digital
holography with emphasis on the Fresnel approximation and angular spectrum methods. Retinal
ganglion cell atrophy correlated with automated perimetry in human eyes with glaucoma. The
challenge for the future will be to develop a 3D imaging technology to identify what percent of cells
are lost due to the retinal damage. Figure 1.1. Structure of the Retina. (A) Section of retina (Kansas
University, Medical Center), (B) Section of the retina showing overall arrangement of retinal layers.
(C) Diagram of the basic circuitry of the retina. Thanks are also due to the support of Dr. Kim for
signing all documents related to the grant proposals submission. This technology allows creating
images of difficult prints because the quality of the images is not affected by the dirt, grease, and
grime. The benefit of this method is that the trapped sample can be imaged onto a CCD camera and
make it desirable holography uses. 1.5 Research Contribution The motivation of this work has been
to develop and characterize optical imaging instruments for ophthalmology, biometry, and optical
trapping, based on the latest development of digital holography. Page 26. Acknowledgments The
authors thank Dr. Hilbelink and Dr. Margo of USF School of Medicine for providing the tissue
samples. Page 85. The mathematical background of the Fourier transform is given in Appendix C.
2.3.1 Fresnel Approximation The Fresnel transform, as an approximation to the Kirchoff diffraction
integral ( Equation 2.12), plays a significant role in evaluating the propagation of wave fields. Find
and apply for latest Ophthalmology Jobs in UK. The varicella-zoster shot, known as Zostavax, or
VZV, is. IRJET- Segmentation of Optic Disc using Bit Plane Technique for Glaucoma Scre. An eye
doctor medical diagnoses and deals with all eye illness, carries out eye surgical treatment and
recommends and fits spectacles and contact lenses to fix vision issues. It is based on the correlation
of the depth scan signal with a depth-dependent correlation kernel taken as a Gaussian temporal
distribution. Once you're done, you'll have a publish-ready paper Ophthalmology Clinics and
Research that you can download at the end. The dichroic mirror reflects the trapping beam and then
it is focused by MO2, thus forming the optical trap near the sample plane. The future goal of this
project is to develop a new tool to study how cells ingest foreign particles through the process known
as phagocytosisa or to understand a variety of biophysical processes. 1.6 Thesis Organization This
dissertation is organized in the following way. The quadrant photodetector detector (QPD) cannot
yield the three-dimensional information of the particle position but is favored due to the high
recording speed. D044011016 D044011016 Octopus 900 Brochure Octopus 900 Brochure Efficacy
of punch trabeculectomy in different typesof glauco Efficacy of punch trabeculectomy in different
typesof glauco A DISSERTATION ON “EVALUATION OF ANTERIOR SEGMENT IMAGING
TECHNIQUES IN DIAG. The optic nerve sample was slightly tilted when it was imaged, resulting
in the left side of the scleral ring appearing to be darker than the right. In general the object plane
may be at an arbitrary distance z from the hologram plane H, and the object can be numerically
brought back in focus by the digital holography process. Phase is the relative time of arrival of the
scattered radiation (wave) at a particular point (e.g. photographic film), and this information is lost
when the diffraction pattern is recorded. The laser output is spatial-filtered and collimated. A
schematic of optic disc head geometry is shown in Figure 5.1. The anterior surface of the optic nerve
is visible ophthalmoscopically as the optic disc, and oval structure measuring 1.5 mm horizontally
and 1.75 mm vertically, with a depression known as the physiologic cup located slightly temporal to
the geometric center of the disc. Role of an Ophthalmologist Responsibilities, Areas of Expertise,
and Conditio. That is, for a large enough number of wavelengths, the resultant field is proportional to
the field at the object and is nonzero only at the object points. The first is by evaluating the Huygens
integral for back propagating waves, and the second is by multiplying the Fourier transform of the
Fresnel field with the Fresnel optical transfer function h, and then performing an inverse Fourier
transform.
This is a fingerprint pattern with high reflectivity, similar to a silver coin. When the complex
amplitude of the wave field is linked with the wave field amplitude in a Fresnel plane of the object,
2D is the product of the illumination wavelength. I have demonstrated the capability of digital
interference holography to produce micron-size images without out-of-focus of the entire specimen.
An optically trapped particle, whose inertia is neglected, behaves as a damped harmonic oscillator.
However, it is intrinsically limited in frame rate due to serial acquisition of the image pixels. Then,
the DIH setup will be substantially improved and suitable for clinical usage. 8.2.4 Integrated optical
diagnostics technique to investigate mechanical properties of single erythrocytes infected with
malaria parasite A Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) is a malaria parasite which infects human
erythrocytes, resulting in changes in their biological functions and modifications to their physical
properties. The coherent noise level explodes with the increasing of the laser intensity in the time of
the wavelength scanning and we cannot control it. The Fourier transform of Equation (7.1). is
calculated to obtain the spectrum in the object plane, 0 (, )x yA k k. Fingerprints left at a crime scene
do not always present good quality. Optical scattering forces and gradient forces were obtained on
submicron silica spheres. Lecture on Pupillary Reflexes; Common Abnormalities For 4th Year MBBS
Undergr. Narrowed tear ducts usually become so as a result of swelling, or inflammation. Clinical
study of evaluate the effect of corneal graft diameter on prognosis of therapeutic penetrating
keratoplasty for fungal keratitis. This data set is without the clear tape attachment. Figure 4.2. Signal-
to-Noise-Ratio Improvement. As an example the phase matching technique was demonstrated on
human macula. The system offers high-resolution 3D particle-tracking capabilities. This study will be
presented as a scalar theory, ignoring the vectorial nature of the electric and magnetic fields that
make up light waves. What is the type of refractive error ?. A. Accomidative esotropia B. Hyperopia.
1. A. What is the type of refractive error ? B. The cosine function (that contains the dispersion
mismatch i? ) in the expression of the interferogram is transformed to a complex function followed
by multiplication with an exp( )ij. Holographic phase microscopy DIH is used to produce images of
thin film Page 158. Notable changes in physical characteristics of the cell membrane, such as
elasticity and permeability, have been observed and believed to be inter-related with the Page 163.
Usually, two important parameters are subsequently derived from the optical thickness profile, the
physical thickness and the index of refraction of the sample. Department has been an unbelievably
encouraging and. DIABETIC RETINOPATHY. 1. Adverse risk factors. 2. Pathogenesis. 3.
Background diabetic retinopathy. 4. Diabetic maculopathies Focal Diffuse Ischaemic. 5. Clinically
significant macular oedema. GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. Holography and Three-
Dimensional Imaging 1 1.2. Ophthalmic Imaging 3 1.3. Biometry Imaging 7 1.4. Optical Trapping
Imaging 9 1.5. Research Contribution 10 1.6. Thesis Organization 12 1.7. Bibliography 13
CHAPTER 2. This type is caused by inflammation of another set of glands. CONCLUSIONS AND
FUTURE WORK 141 8.1. Conclusions 141 8.2. Future work 143 8.3. Bibliography 150
REFERENCES 152 APPENDICES 154 Appendix A: Digital Interference Holography Wavelengths
Superposition 155 Appendix B: Diffraction Reconstruction Methods Comparison 160 Appendix C:
Fourier Transform 163 Appendix D: Digital Interference Holography Computer Interface 166
Appendix E: Brownian Motion and Optical Trapping Computer Interface 174 Appendix F: List of
Accomplishments 178 iv Page 10. I greatly appreciate all of them help in proofreading the final copy
of this thesis, as well. During the enrollment phase fingerprints from different individuals are
recorded digitally by the CCD camera. Study of correlation between diabetic retinopathy and
peripheral neuropathy in lower limbs.
Finally, conclusions are presented in Section 3.6. 3.1. Introduction One of the important challenges
for biomedical optics is noninvasive three dimensional imaging, and various techniques have been
proposed and available. I believe the DIH imaging dynamic range or SNR will be improved by
replacing the dye laser with a swept source, introducing a high-speed camera and increasing the
number of recorded holograms. The light source is one of the most important components in any
wavelength scanning imaging system. The cross-sectional reconstruction of a silicone rubber Page
23. We demonstrated digital interference holography images of a plastic print, and latent prints. First
confirm from your PG teacher and then only proceed. Ophthalmology includes medical diagnosis
and treatment of such conditions, together with microsurgery. Particles are trapped axially and
laterally due to the gradient force. Ancient Babylonian and Chinese civilizations used the fingerprint
impressions as a method to sign documents. Using the lens L1, the laser beam is focused on the back
focus of the lens L2, so that the object is illuminated with a collimated light. The Fourier
components of any disturbance are analyzed at an arbitrary plane as plane waves traveling in various
direction from that plane. Refractive index distribution reveals information about the cellular internal
structure of a transparent or semitransparent specimen. The neurosensory retina can be divided into
several layers which include (from anterior to posterior): internal limiting membrane, nerve fiber
layer, ganglion cell layer, inner plexiform layer, inner nuclear layer, outer plexiform layer, outer nuclear
layer, inner and outer segments of photoreceptors, and Page 90. Corresponding holograms recorded
in off- axis geometry are shown in Figure 2.3a, Figure 2.4a, and Figure 2.5a respectively. Their
Fourier transforms are displayed in Figure 2.3b, Figure 2.4b, and Figure 2.5b. The bright spot in the
center of images represents the DC term or the zero order of diffraction and can be separated from
the real and the virtual images (located symmetrically of the DC Page 50. The SNR of the system
needs to be sufficient so that a radiation level weak enough to safe can still generate good quality
images. Once new equipment is integrated in the setup, we will carry out a set of measurements to
calibrate the irradiance arriving at the object. In Chapter 5, the in-vitro imaging of ophthalmic tissue
by digital interference holography is presented. Correlation between structural and functional
analysis in glaucoma suspects. The finger is illuminated through a prism and a reflectance profile of
the object is built based on reflected light from the fingerprints. As N increases four-fold the SNR
increases by 12 dB, as expected. 4.3.2 Biological Samples: Pig Retina In the following, we present a
few examples of tomographic imaging of biological specimens using digital interference holography.
Figure 4.3 and Figure 4.4 are images of a porcine eye tissue provided by the Ophthalmology
Department at the USF. A few casting materials, used to record impression marks, are: liquid silicone
rubber with catalyst, DuroCast casting putty, TexturLift liquid silicone, and common materials used
for dental impressions. Another benefit of using this method is the filtering capability in the
frequency space to remove the background and the virtual term. 2.4. Results In the previous section
and Appendix B, we concluded the two optical reconstructed methods are identical within the
paraxial approximation. To demonstrate the capabilities of our system we also reconstructed
tomographic and volume fundus images in human and animal eyes with narrow axial resolution less
than 5 ?m. NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the
page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. Our research has
demonstrated that, in vitro, DIH can measure the dimensions of the scleral ring and provide a
definitive answer regarding the size of the optic disc, a clinically important parameter that is not
provided by current OCT instruments. Potential Well 135 Figure 7.12. Boltzmann Statistics
Calibration Method. The tunable wavelength range determines the axial resolution of the image,
while the tuning resolution or the wavelength increment determines the axial range, or the axial size
of an object. Treatment: In some severe cases of chronic dacryocystitis, surgery to. This behavior of
the SNR and resolution is achieved only if all the amplitudes and phases of cosines are identical. We
call the optical field at the hologram plane, );,( 0000 zyxE. Five-Year Results of Refractive Lenticule
Extraction ReLEx SMILE compared to.
When the light is incident of a quarter-wave plate, QW, the light is divided into two equal electric
field components and one of them is retarded by a quarter-wave plate, producing a Page 65. She
entered the Ph.D program in Applied Physics at the University of South Florida in Fall 2004. Using
a Pentium IV CPU, the time required to reconstruct 1000 holograms of 150 x 150 pixels is 100
seconds. Ophthalmologist. Ophthalmologists are trained to diagnose, monitor, and medically or
surgically treat all ocular and visual disorders. Revision lecture Wg Cdr Malcolm Woodcock RCDM
and Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust. Polarizers P1, P2, analyzer P3 and quarter-wave
plates QW are used in conjunction with the polarizing beam splitter PBS to continuously adjust the
overall laser Page 96. To obtain the tuning range of about 40 nm necessary for our experiments,
Rhodamine 6G Page 66. The optic nerve sample was slightly tilted when it was imaged, resulting in
the left side of the scleral ring appearing to be darker than the right. A study of prevalence and risk
factors of retinopathy of prematurity. It's very easy. If you need help, our support team is always
ready to assist you. Phase is the relative time of arrival of the scattered radiation (wave) at a
particular point (e.g. photographic film), and this information is lost when the diffraction pattern is
recorded. The depth between the retinal fiber and the retinal pigmented epithelium layers is about 84
m. They are: the wavelength range of the source, the axial size of the object, and the axial resolution
of the system. Moreover, the digital interference holography techniques could be combined with
optical tweezers to monitor and quantify membrane physical properties as a response to the evolution
of the malaria parasite acting on erythrocytes. David Davies University of Warwick Maria Chikalipo
Kamuzu College of Nursing. April 5-2013-vrics April 5-2013-vrics Five-Year Results of Refractive
Lenticule Extraction ReLEx SMILE compared to. Using DIH, we can reconstruct the 3D fingerprint
profile of this sample, the plastic print on a mixture of clay and silver enamel Figure 6.4. The
holographic image acquisition and computation of the optical field are carried out for each of 50
wavelengths in the range from 560 nm to 600 nm. In digital holography a hologram is recorded
digitally. Try to see things from patient point of view. Understand. Usually, two important parameters
are subsequently derived from the optical thickness profile, the physical thickness and the index of
refraction of the sample. Computer Main Screen. Figure B.1: Main screen of difraction
reconstruction methods Labview program. Page 178. After all these basic similarities are resolved,
we need to see where the valley and ridge widths match. The particle tracking code was developed
by Dr.Leo Krzewina. Experimental work, holograms recording, data processing, and simulation were
performed by me. Page 153. Our goal in imaging was not to replicate known measurements, but
rather to illustrate the concept of the ability of DIH imaging to image a 3D ocular structure with
adequate resolution. The tunning curve is shown in Figure 3.5. The wavelength tunable range of 34
nm for this experiment was between 568 nm to 602 nm. The significance of the signal-to-noise ratio
in DIH system is presented in Section 4.2. In Section 4.3 are shown various results. DIABETIC
RETINOPATHY. 1. Adverse risk factors. 2. Pathogenesis. 3. Background diabetic retinopathy. 4.
Diabetic maculopathies Focal Diffuse Ischaemic. 5. Clinically significant macular oedema. F (B9) As
a conclusion, we obtained the optical field based on the Fresnel approximation from optical field
based on the angular spectrum method. Chapter 2 presents scalar field theory and discusses the
reconstruction of the optical field by the angular spectrum and the Fresnel approximation. The role of
optical tweezers is two- fold: (1) immobilizing erythrocytes without attaching them onto a substrate
to enable imaging them in a native condition; (2) assessing adherence force of erythrocytes on the
surface of a monolayer of endothelial cells or on the surface of biomimetic substrates of endothelial
cells.
When the complex amplitude of the wave field is linked with the wave field amplitude in a Fresnel
plane of the object, 2D is the product of the illumination wavelength. Thus, the centroid is the
weighted average of the pixels by intensity. Numerical focusing of holographic images can be
accomplished from a single exposed hologram. Optofluidics is a joint technology between
microfluidics and micro-photonics. The EMA and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonists: A Wake-Up
Call The EMA and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonists: A Wake-Up Call Cell cytoskeleton and
molecular motors.pdf Cell cytoskeleton and molecular motors.pdf AI in Healthcare a hands on
workshop resource AI in Healthcare a hands on workshop resource GERIATRIC
PHARMACOLOGY Geriatric pharmacology is a specialized field focusing. The virtual and real
images account for high frequencies object features. After passing back through the QW plate,
Figure 3.4b, the reflected light is linearly polarized at 90o from its original plane. Samples of the
peripheral retina, macula, and the optic nerve head were removed and flat-mounted on microscope
slides. Samples of peripheral retina, macula, and optic nerve head from two formaldehyde-preserved
human eyes were dissected and mounted onto slides. The values of the spring constants of the
radiation force, in the axial (z) direction is different from (and weaker than) the transverse (x) and
(y). This includes the internal limiting membrane and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). This is
the case of the sample in Figure 6.2c, where the core part of the fingerprint is not shown. Using
digital interference holography, we want to make use of the phase information to determine the
physical height of the sample. It means the 3D position of a particle is also encrypted in a hologram.
When enough similarities are found between three or more nearby minutiae in both claimant and
enrollee fingerprints, then the fingerprints are said to match. The object field, (, )O x y interferes
with the reference field, (, )R x y, at the hologram plane. Critical analysis of intra operative and post
operative complication in various types of extra capsular cataract surgery. For the diagnosis and
management of glaucoma, we would like to have maps of the density of ganglion cells as Page 21.
The middle layer between the sclera and the retina. You need to show the method to your PG teacher
before you include this method in your thesis. Another technique, optical coherence tomography
(OCT), is a scanning microscopic imaging technique with micrometer scale axial and lateral
resolution, based on low coherence or white light interferometry to Page 57. Here we discussed the
second one which is the most common hologram reconstruction method since it requires only one
FFT. Corticosteroids are not ideal for long-term use due to possible side effects. To have a concrete
idea about how objects are imaged using the two reconstruction methods, we present a few results of
various samples. Neuroophthalmology. It’s the since that study health and disease of the brain and
the cranial nerves that involved with the eye. The SNR of tissue images is comparable to that of
resolution target, implying the imaging system is operating at close to theoretical optimum. Suppose
an object is illuminated by a laser beam of wavelength. The audio for the last 9 slides will be
completed shortly, however for your information, the slides present topics I discuss with students
during the shelf review session. The DIH scanner setup is a Michelson interferometer in off-axis
reflection geometry. Clinicobiochemical profile of tear fluid in patients of primary open angle
glaucoma.