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The minimum gaps of the ring waveguide and access waveguide are 1.2 ?m, 1.5 ?m, and 1.8 ?m for
RR 1, RR 2, RR 3, and RR 4, respectively. The gap between the electrodes and the waveguide vary
from 250 nm ( a ); 200 nm ( b ); 150 nm ( c ); to 100 nm ( d ). The minimum gaps of the ring
waveguide and access waveguide are 1.2 ?m, 1.5 ?m, and 1.8 ?m for RR 1, RR 2, RR 3, and RR 4,
respectively. Figure 5 a shows the “ON” state light field diagrams of the device. In this situation, its
quantum capacitance is equivalent to infinity. Some of their customers would also use that for TDR
and S-parameter measurements. Previous Article in Journal Quo Vadis Quasicrystals. Multiple
requests from the same IP address are counted as one view. Both statuses of the metallic graphene
and the dielectric graphene were analyzed. Orem, Ut, 84097 Cougar Dental Corbin Matthews DDS
Jeremy Guenter DDS 835 North 700 East, that has vowed revenge for that split ring resonator thesis
of his two disciples. Considering the scarcity of naturally existing materials that can control
terahertz, metamaterials become ideal substitutes that promise advances in terahertz research. Qianfan
Xu Engineering, Physics Optics Express 2009 TLDR A silicon electro-optic modulator based on
coupled microring resonators that has wide optical bandwidth, high extinction ratio and low insertion
loss and can provide a feedback signal for active control of the modulation wavelength is proposed.
You can download the paper by clicking the button above. The output is detected by an optical
power sensor (Agilent 81632A) and analyzed by a lightwave measurement system (Agilent 8164A).
These observations suggest a better waveguide loss figure has been achieved in the MPW run, and
the fabricated ring coupler suffers from non-zero excess loss increasing with a gap. Our professional
authors can complete any kind of content you may need. The measurements have been taken with
0.1 pm resolution using the abovementioned experimental setup. As seen from the relationship
between the graphene refractive index and the applied voltage in Figure 10, the contact resistance is
about 450. Buckwalter Xuezhe Zheng Guoliang Li K. Raj A. Krishnamoorthy Engineering, Physics
IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 2012 A fully-integrated, silicon photonic transceiver is
demonstrated in a silicon-on-insulator process using photonic microring resonator modulators for low
power consumption. The magnetic response of the SRR structure was demonstrated by comparing
the transmission spectra of SRRs with closed ring resonators (CRR). All rings are equipped with
thermo-optic phase shifter heating elements, which cover almost the whole circumference of the ring
waveguide except RR 4, which covers less than half of the circumference; ( b ) measured drop path
transmission spectrum of the RR 1 over the whole C band. Thacker and Xuezhe Zheng and Kannan
Raj and John E. Transmission measurements were performed on both single SRR unit cell and
periodic arrays of SRRs. Ultimately, terahertz metamaterials will lead to scientific and technological
advantages in a number of areas. Editor’s Choice articles are based on recommendations by the
scientific editors of MDPI journals from around the world. Natural logarithm of the integrand ? (?m
?1 ) from (21) vs. gap. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research (JTAER).
Search for Integro-Differential Modeling Framework for. Basically he told me that they only
guarantee controlled impedance (by tweaking line width etc) and not control the dielectric constant.
Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications (JLPEA).
The measurements have been taken with 0.1 pm resolution using the abovementioned experimental
setup. Finally, the work is summarized in Section 5. 2. Theory 2.1. Parameter Extraction Method A
circuit model for an add-drop ring resonator (RR), assuming single spatial mode propagation in all
the paths external to the couplers, is illustrated schematically in Figure 1. Figure 7 shows the process
of optimizing our design through changing the design parameters of R, L, and g. The resolution
defines the bandwidth of the RR, determined by the cross-coupled power and hence the gap
between the access and ring waveguides. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease (TropicalMed). It
is conducive to high-density integration. 6. Conclusions We have proposed a high-speed double-
layer graphene electro-optic modulator based on a ring resonator structure. The ADS waveguide is
designed to propagate the fundamental TE mode efficiently. To precisely tune the ring resonances, a
phase shift must be introduced to compensate for such phase errors. Through a process of metal-
catalyzed etching in hydrogen, Leong et al. From the numerical simulations, we designed a
modulator. Expand 5 PDF 1 Excerpt Save Silicon photonic modulators for PAM transmissions W.
Published in IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 2013 Ring Resonator
Modulators in Silicon for Interchip Photonic Links Guoliang Li A. Good PCB fabricators will also
ensure that transmission line impedances are correct, but this is not the case with the cheap
fabricators. Wu, Lei, Hongxia Liu, Jiabin Li, Shulong Wang, Sheng Qu, and Lu Dong. I sent the
gerbers to a fab and I'm excited to measure them. It is used to produce a ?-shift in one of the Mach-
Zehnder arms, and then the desired intensity modulation is obtained by optical interference. A list of
extracted parameters from measured and fitted data is given in Table 1. Note that from the first issue
of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. Editor’s Choice articles are based
on recommendations by the scientific editors of MDPI journals from around the world. Cunningham
Semantic Scholar Semantic Scholar's Logo Figure 1 of 23 Stay Connected With Semantic Scholar
Sign Up What Is Semantic Scholar. Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article
numbers instead of page numbers. Other MathWorks country sites are not optimized for visits from
your location. Transmission measurements were performed on both single SRR unit cell and periodic
arrays of SRRs. Figure 6 shows the fitted spectra of drop- and through-path transmission alongside
the measured data for RR 1, RR 2, and RR 3. The loss for RR 4 is higher than RR 3 with the same
coupler configuration, which suggests the additional loss and thus larger bandwidth is a consequence
of the different phase shifter geometry. Assuming (14) applies locally, a vector basis is chosen so that
the symmetric and antisymmetric modes correspond to the following. Journal of Pharmaceutical and
BioTech Industry (JPBI). The equivalent capacitance C could be calculated as follows. Quack
Engineering, Physics Journal of Optical Microsystems 2022 Abstract. Measured and extracted
parameters of fabricated ring resonators.
Frequency-domain simulations based on the finite-element method were performed with the code.
The high resolution of these spectrometers is a direct outcome of the fine filtering provided by a
high-finesse ring resonator. The ADS waveguide is designed to propagate the fundamental TE mode
efficiently. The bias voltages are 5.4 V ( a ) and 6.6 V ( b ) respectively. To precisely tune the ring
resonances, a phase shift must be introduced to compensate for such phase errors. Based on this
principle, a high-speed double-layer graphene electro-optic modulator with a ring resonator structure
was designed in this paper. The details are laid out here, and you can also calculate the loss tangent,
but I'm not going there so read the paper if you're interested. Published in IEEE Journal of Selected
Topics in Quantum Electronics 2013 Ring Resonator Modulators in Silicon for Interchip Photonic
Links Guoliang Li A. The coupling of an ultra-low loss ring to the external circuit must be very weak
to not compromise (load) the intrinsic (unloaded). A very small discrepancy in the measured fiber-
chip coupling loss is observed for different alignment loop waveguides located on different edges of
the chip, which suggests a 5 than that of RR 3, as RR 5 is located in a different location than the rest
of the rings. Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page
numbers. The design FSR for all fabricated rings is the same. In this paper, we have studied this type
of graphene-embedded ring resonator modulator. LioniX International confirms that from 2022, the
MPW process will be updated to the stepper lithography used for dedicated runs, which will
substantially improve the loss and dimension uncertainty of the MPW process. 5. Conclusions In
summary, a design rule for determining the gap at the coupling region and a parameter extraction
method are proposed and implemented in designing and investigating the spectral characteristics of
fabricated ring resonators. Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications (JLPEA). Figure 6
shows the fitted spectra of drop- and through-path transmission alongside the measured data for RR
1, RR 2, and RR 3. International Journal of Translational Medicine (IJTM). Please note that many of
the page functionalities won't work as expected without javascript enabled. How enterprise
customers and knowledge center operators are prepping for IoT. In the two identical lossless coupler
cases, the on-resonance transmission is unity, consistent with energy conservation. 3. Fabrication and
Experimental Setup The spectrometer architecture uses a tunable ring resonator as a scanning fine
filter. Relative index of graphene as a function of voltage. It can be used in conjunction with a circuit
simulator (PICWAVE, VPI) to model a large racetrack ring with a very small FSR, but it displays an
excessive computational power loss in the curved waveguide coupler of a 50 GHz ring. Good fits
have been achieved at the resonant peaks and notches for all rings, although departure at high
extinction can be observed due to the noise floor of the measurement. LioniX International
guarantees a straight waveguide loss 1 and RR 2 reveal that the straight waveguide loss is well below
the upper limit. Figure 3 b shows the measured transmission spectrum of the RR 1. The loss for RR 4
is higher than RR 3 with the same coupler configuration, which suggests the additional loss and thus
larger bandwidth is a consequence of the different phase shifter geometry. The densities of the
electrons and holes in the graphene are. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease (TropicalMed).
Please let us know what you think of our products and services. Funding This research received no
external funding.
To investigate the evolution of FSR over a larger wavelength span, it is mandatory to have finely
sampled transmission spectra. In the case of a passive ring, the pole must be located inside the unit
circle for reasons of stability, but either of the two zero positions is valid. Equivalent circuit
illustration of the graphene-based modulator. Figure 4 a depicts the drop path transmission spectra of
RR 1, which shows the shift of the resonant frequency over one FSR. Consequently, the
spectrometer resolution is limited by the ring excess loss per turn. Gout, Urate, and Crystal
Deposition Disease (GUCDD). Feature papers are submitted upon individual invitation or
recommendation by the scientific editors and must receive. In this paper, we have studied this type
of graphene-embedded ring resonator modulator. A polarization controller is utilized to maximize TE
mode transmission. The critical coupling wavelength is about 1.5598 ?m. When the modulation
voltage is 5.4 V, the device works in the “ON” state with an insertion loss less than 3 dB. At 6.6 V,
the device works in the “OFF” state, with a largest modulation depth about 40 dB. Hasan, G.M.; Liu,
P.; Hasan, M.; Ghorbani, H.; Rad, M.; Bernier, E.; Hall, T.J. For an adiabatic curved coupler, the
dependence of the effective index difference as a function of z is certainly a smooth bell-shaped
curve, as in (21); The fitting will aid its numerical integration. Basically it is a set of transmission line
that you can measure the impedance. Regardless of how much you work around the assignments,
your professors always find flaws within the discussion, formatting, and structure of the papers. The
eigenmode expansion (EME) method has problems modeling curved structures. As the radius of the
ring R is 1.2 ?m, the electrode inside the ring may not be very far away from the silicon waveguide.
Please let us know what you think of our products and services. Note that from the first issue of
2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. To facilitate optical characterization,
the chip is pigtailed using polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF) arrays and wire bonded. In general,
the antisymmetric mode acquires a lower effective index than the symmetric mode. ISPRS
International Journal of Geo-Information (IJGI). The resonant frequency of the ring is determined by
the condition that the round-trip phase is equal to a large integer multiple of 2? radians. Expand 4
Save Silicon photonic modulators and filters for optical interconnects M. I decided to use the
smallest gap because the resonant frequency is closest to the correct value, and also the most power
is coupled through. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. Orem, Ut, 84097
Cougar Dental Corbin Matthews DDS Jeremy Guenter DDS 835 North 700 East, that has vowed
revenge for that split ring resonator thesis of his two disciples. For more information on the journal
statistics, click here. There is consequently an ambiguity when fitting intensity data in the correct
location of the pole and zero. It is used to produce a ?-shift in one of the Mach-Zehnder arms, and
then the desired intensity modulation is obtained by optical interference.