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Maths Real Number Class 10

The document contains solutions to several math problems involving concepts like prime factorization, HCF, LCM, ratios and proportions. It provides step-by-step workings for problems involving finding prime factors of numbers, HCF and LCM of different numbers, number of columns people can march in based on their numbers, number of guests that can be distributed fruits equally among based on total fruits available.

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krishnaksherine
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86 views16 pages

Maths Real Number Class 10

The document contains solutions to several math problems involving concepts like prime factorization, HCF, LCM, ratios and proportions. It provides step-by-step workings for problems involving finding prime factors of numbers, HCF and LCM of different numbers, number of columns people can march in based on their numbers, number of guests that can be distributed fruits equally among based on total fruits available.

Uploaded by

krishnaksherine
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Question 23.

The length, breadth, and height of a room are 8 m 50 cm, 6 m 25 cm


and 4 m 75 cm respectively. Find the length of the longest rod that can
measure the dimensions of the room exactly. (2015)
Solution:
To find the length of the longest rod that can measure the dimensions
of the room exactly, we have to find HCF.
L, Length = 8 m 50 cm = 850 cm = 21 × 52 × 17
B, Breadth = 6 m 25 cm = 625 cm = 54
H, Height = 4 m 75 cm = 475 cm = 52 × 19
HCF of L, B and H is 52 = 25 cm
Length of the longest rod = 25 cm

Amita, Sneha, and Raghav start preparing cards for all persons of an
old age home. In order to complete one card, they take 10, 16 and 20
minutes respectively. If all of them started together, after what time
will they start preparing a new card together? (2013)
Solution:
To find the earliest (least) time, they will start preparing a new card
together, we find the LCM of 10, 16 and 20.
10 = 2 × 5
16 = 24
20 = 22 × 5
LCM = 24 × 5 = 16 × 5 = 80 minutes
They will start preparing a new card together after 80 minutes.

Q.2: Express each number as a product of its prime factors:


(i) 140
(ii) 156
(iii) 3825
(i) 140
Using the division of a number by prime numbers method, we can get
the product of prime factors of 140.
Therefore, 140 = 2 × 2 × 5 × 7 × 1 = 22 × 5 × 7
(ii) 156
Using the division of a number by prime numbers method, we can get
the product of prime factors of 156.
Hence, 156 = 2 × 2 × 13 × 3 = 22 × 13 × 3
(iii) 3825
Using the division of a number by prime numbers method, we can get
the product of prime factors of 3825.
Q.3: Given that HCF (306, 657) = 9, find LCM (306, 657).
Solution:
As we know that,
HCF × LCM = Product of the two given numbers
So
9 × LCM = 306 × 657
LCM = (306 × 657)/9 = 22338
Therefore, LCM(306,657) = 22338
Q.8: What is the HCF of the smallest prime number and the smallest
composite number?
Solution:
The smallest prime number = 2
The smallest composite number = 4
Prime factorisation of 2 = 2
Prime factorisation of 4 = 2 × 2

HCF(2, 4) = 2
Therefore, the HCF of the smallest prime number and the smallest
composite number is 2.
Q.10: Find HCF and LCM of 404 and 96 and verify that HCF × LCM
= Product of the two given numbers.
Solution:
Prime factorisation of 404 = 2 × 2 × 101
Prime factorisation of 96 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 = 25 × 3
HCF = 2 × 2 = 4
LCM = 25 × 3 × 101 = 9696
HCF × LCM = 4 × 9696 = 38784
Product of the given two numbers = 404 × 96 = 38784
Hence, verified that LCM × HCF = Product of the given two numbers.

Q11. If the LCM of a and 18 is 36 and the HCF of a and 18 is 2, then a


=?
Given that, LCM (a, 18) is 36 and HCF (a,18) is 2. One of the numbers
is known to us as 18.
So, by applying the formula: LCM × HCF = a × 18
36 × 2 = a × 18
72 = 18(a)
18a = 72
a = 72/18 = 4.
Hence, value of a is 4.

Q12. Prove that √13 is irrational

Q13. A woman wants to organise her birthday party. She was happy on
her birthday but there was a problem that she does not want to serve
fast food to her guests because she is very health conscious. She as 15
apples and 40 bananas at home and decided to serve them. She want to
distribute fruits among guests. She does not want to discriminate
among guests so she decided to distribute equally among all. So
How many guests she can invite?
How many apples and banana will each guest get?
Solution: (i)HCF of(15,40) =5
Fruits will be distributed equally among 5 guests
(ii)Out of 15 apples each guest will get 15 /5 = 3 apples
Out of 40 banana each guest will get 40/5 =8 bananas

Q14. A charitable trust donates 28 different books of Maths,16 different


books of science and 12 different books of Social Science to the poor
students. Each student is given maximum number of books of only one
subject of his interest and each student got equal number of books
1)Find the number of books each student got.
2)Find the total number of students who got books.
Solution : (i) HCF of 28,16 and 12 is 4
Therefore maximum number of books each student get is 4
(ii) Number of maths books 28/4 = 7
Number of science books 16/4 = 4
Number of social science = 12/4 = 3
Total books = 7 + 4 + 3 =14
Q15 . Two brands of chocolates are available in packs of 24 and 15
respectively. If I buy an equal number of chocolates of both kinds, what
is the least number of boxes of each kind I would need to buy?
Given, two brands of chocolates are available in pack of 24 and 15
respectively.
We need to buy an equal number of chocolates of both kinds.

For this we find the LCM of 24 and 15


now,
24=23×3
15=3×5
LCM(24,15)=23×5x3^2=120
Now,the number of boxes of pack of 24 =120/24=5
and the number of boxes of pack of 15 =120/ 15=8
option B is correct.

Q16 . An army contingent of 612 members is to march


behind an army band of 48 members in a parade.
The two groups are to march in the same number
of columns. What is the maximum number of
columns in which they can march ?
Sol. Let the number of columns be x.
Then, x is the largest number, which should divide
both 612 and 48.
612 = 48 × 12 + 36
48 = 36 × 1 + 12
36 = 12 × 3 + 0 1
Since, HCF of 612 and 48 is = 12.
Thus, 12 colu

II. Read the following text and answer the following


questions on the basis of the same :
Ram and Rita are two friends of age around ten.They live in the same
locality and went to the same school. Once they heard about a fair
organized in their town by Royal Welfare Association. The fair has
many rides,snacks and stalls for entertainment. Ram and Rita decided
to go to fair for refreshment. Ram has ` 200 and Rita has ` 250 for fair.
Ram wanted to enjoy a ride on the Giant Wheel while Rita played
Hoopla(A game in which rings are thrown over objects placed). They
also enjoyed ice-cream ,burger etc. and purchased some toys and
models. They spent all their money and came back to home happily
with various toys after a long enjoyment in fair. On Next day in school
they told their experience to their classmates and teachers.They told
their teacher how they enjoyed in fair and went on various rides and
purchased many toys as well. The teacher asked them about the
amount they spend in fair and their manner of expenditure.
Q. 1. Write the prime factor of ` 200
(A) 23× 52
(B) 22 × 53
(C) 22× 52
(D) 2 × 53
Sol. Option (A) is correct.
Explanation: 200 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 × 5
= 23 × 52
Q. 2. Find the prime factor of ` 250
(A) 22 × 52
(B) 22× 53
(C) 2 × 52
(D) 2 × 53mns are required

17 . Two number are in the ratio 2 : 3 and their LCM is 180. What is
the HCF of these numbers?
The two numbers are in the ratio 2:3
Let the first number be 2x and the second number be 3x.
LCM of 2x and 3x = 2 × 3 × x = 6x
But LCM = 180
6x = 180
x = 180/6
x = 30
So, 1st number = 2x = 2(30) = 60
2nd number = 3x = 3(30) = 90
(HCF × LCM) of the two numbers = Product of the two numbers
Putting the values given in the formula above, we get
HCF × 180 = 60 × 90
hCF × 180 = 5400

HCF = 5400/180 HCF = 30


1.

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