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Psyc 358 Lesson 4

Here is a 1/4 sheet of paper with the requested information: 1-2. Providing advice, being judgmental 3-8. Relationship building, assessment, goal setting, interventions, termination and follow-up, research and evaluation 9-14. Precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, termination 15. The counseling relationship

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146 views18 pages

Psyc 358 Lesson 4

Here is a 1/4 sheet of paper with the requested information: 1-2. Providing advice, being judgmental 3-8. Relationship building, assessment, goal setting, interventions, termination and follow-up, research and evaluation 9-14. Precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, termination 15. The counseling relationship

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casioheart0
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Psyc 358: Introduction to Counseling

Rennyvonne Fae V. Ledesma, MP, RPsy

Module 4:

The Counseling
Process
The counseling process should NOT
include:
• Providing advice
• Being judgmental
• Pushing the counselor’s values
• Encouraging the client to behave as the counselor would in their
own life
• Emotional attachment between the counselor and client
The Stages of Counseling

• Most counseling sessions last approximately 50 minutes (Linder,


1954).
• A counseling session is therefore sometimes referred to as “the
50-minute hour.” What takes place in a session depends on the
client’s needs and the counselor’s personal approach to
counseling.
• Although there is some variation during a session, most
counseling approaches have a basic structure in common.
The Stages of Counseling

• As described by Cormier and Hackney (1993), counseling is a


five-stage process:
• relationship building,
• assessment,
• goal setting,
• interventions,
• and termination and follow-up.
The Stages of Counseling

• These stages have been expanded into the following six-stage


model of the counseling process:
• Stage 1: Relationship building
• Stage 2: Assessment and diagnosis
• Stage 3: Formulation of counseling goals
• Stage 4: Intervention and problem solving
• Stage 5: Termination and follow-up
• Stage 6: Research and evaluation
Rapport and Relationship

• The counseling relationship is the heart of the counseling process.


• It supplies the vitality and the support necessary for counseling to
work, and it is the critical factor associated with successful
outcomes in counseling (Kokotovic & Tracey, 1990; Lambert,
2011). Sexton and Whiston (1994) commented,
• “The quality of the counseling relationship has consistently been
found to have the most significant impact on successful client
outcome” (p. 6).
Rapport and Relationship

• Although there appears to be a general consensus that the


counseling relationship is important, it is less clear to what degree
and in what way (Gelso & Carter, 1985).
• Research efforts on these issues can be grouped into two general
categories:
• counselor-offered conditions and
• counselor- and client-offered conditions.
• Counselor offered conditions relate to how the counselor
influences the counseling process.
Rapport and Relationship

• The counseling process begins with relationship building. This stage


focuses on the counselor engaging with the client to explore the issues
that directly affect them.
• The vital first interview can set the scene for what is to come, with the
client reading the counselor’s verbal and nonverbal signals to draw
inferences about the counselor and the process.
• The counselor focuses on using good listening skills and building a
positive relationship.
• When successful, it ensures a strong foundation for future dialogue and
the continuing counseling process.
Assessing Client Concerns

• While the counselor and client continue to build a beneficial,


collaborative relationship, another process is underway: problem
assessment.
• The counselor carefully listens and draws out information
regarding the client’s situation (life, work, home, education, etc.)
and the reason they have engaged in counseling.
• Information crucial to subsequent stages of counseling includes
identifying triggers, timing, environmental factors, stress levels,
and other contributing factors.
Developing Counseling Goals

• Effective counseling relies on setting appropriate and realistic


goals, building on the previous stages.
• The goals must be identified and developed collaboratively, with
the client committing to a set of steps leading to a particular
outcome.
Initiating Interventions

• Developing interventions and initiating interventions are different.

• When we initiate the interventions, please note that things may not
go as planned.
Termination and Follow-up

• Termination may not seem like a stage, but the art of ending the
counseling is critical.
• Drawing counseling to a close must be planned well in advance to
ensure a positive conclusion is reached while avoiding anger,
sadness, or anxiety (Fragkiadaki & Strauss, 2012).
Termination and Follow-up

• Part of the process is to reach an early agreement on how the


therapy will end and what success looks like.
• This may lead to a referral if required.
• While there are clear stages to the typical counseling process,
other than termination, each may be ongoing.
• For example, while setting goals, new information or
understanding may surface that requires additional assessment of
the problem.
The Stages of Change

• The Stages of
Change Model
describes how an
individual or
organization
integrates new
behaviors, goals,
and programs at
various levels
The Stages of Change

• The Stages of
Change Model describes
how an individual or
organization integrates
new behaviors, goals, and
programs at various levels
Get ¼ sheet of paper
¼ sheet of paper
• 1-2. Name 2 things a counseling process should not include
• 3-8. 6 stages of the counseling process
• 9-14. 6 stages of change
• 15. _____________ is the heart of the counseling process

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