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My Unix Lab Work

The document outlines steps for various commands and operations in a UNIX lab exercise. It covers commands to print system information, use calendars, set directories, manage files and folders, compare files, create symlinks and more. The exercises are meant to familiarize users with basic UNIX/Linux file and directory navigation, manipulation and management.

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114 views9 pages

My Unix Lab Work

The document outlines steps for various commands and operations in a UNIX lab exercise. It covers commands to print system information, use calendars, set directories, manage files and folders, compare files, create symlinks and more. The exercises are meant to familiarize users with basic UNIX/Linux file and directory navigation, manipulation and management.

Uploaded by

royalankit9835
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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Lab Exercises for UNIX

Lab 1

1. Obtain the following results

(i) To print the name of operating system

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~$ uname

Linux

(ii) To print the login name

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~$ who

ankit tty7 2023-08-16 13:04 (:0)

(iii) To print the host name

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~$ whoami

ankit

2. Find out the users who are currently logged in and find the particular user too.

3. Display the calendar for

(i) Jan 2000

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~$ cal jan 2000

January 2000

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15

16 17 18 19 20 21 22

23 24 25 26 27 28 29

30 31
(ii) Feb 1999

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~$ cal feb 1999

February 1999

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa

1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11 12 13

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27

28

(iii) 9 th month of the year 7 A.D

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~$ cal 9 700

September 700

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8 9 10 11

12 13 14 15 16 17 18

19 20 21 22 23 24 25

26 27 28 29 30

(iv) For the current month

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~$ cal

August 2023

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9 10 11 12

13 14 15 16 17 18 19

20 21 22 23 24 25 26

27 28 29 30 31

(v) Current Date Day Abbreviation , Month Abbreviation along with year

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~$ date +"%d%a%b%y"

17ThuAug23
4. Display the time in 12-Hour and 24 Hour Notations.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~$ date '+%I:%M%p';date '+24-hour format :%H:%M'

09:59PM

24-hour format :21:59

5. Display the Current Date and Current Time.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~$ date

Thursday 17 August 2023 10:10:55 PM IST

6. Display the message “GOOD MORNING” in enlarged characters.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~$ echo "GOOD MORNING"

GOOD MORNING

7. Display the name of your home directory.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~$ echo ~

/home/ankit

8. Create a directory SAMPLE under your home directory.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~$ mkdir SAMPLE

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~$ cd SAMPLE

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$

9. Create a sub-directory by name TRIAL under SAMPLE.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ mkdir TRIAL

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ cd TRIAL

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/TRIAL$

10. Change to SAMPLE.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/TRIAL$ cd ..

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$

11. Change to your home directory.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ cd ..

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~$

12. Change from home directory to TRIAL by using absolute and relative pathname.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/NEW$ cd

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~$ cd /home/ankit/SAMPLE/NEW/TRUIAL
ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/NEW/TRUIAL$

13. Remove directory TRIAL.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/TRIAL$ cd ..

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ ls

TRIAL

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ rmdir TRIAL

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ ls

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$

14. Create a directory TEST using absolute pathname.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/Desktop$ mkdir /home/ankit/Desktop/TESTankit ankit@ankit-


VirtualBox:~/Desktop$ cd TEST

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/Desktop/TEST$ cd

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~$ cd Desktop

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/Desktop$ cd /home/ankit/Desktop/TEST

15. Using a single command change from current directory to home directory.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/Desktop/TEST$ cd

16. Remove a directory using absolute pathname.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/Desktop$ ls

file ankit.u.sh links subject subjectrelative welcome.txt

filename ankit.sh printexample.sh subjectlink TEST

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/Desktop$ rm -r /home/ankit/Desktop/TEST

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/Desktop$ ls

file ankit.u.sh links subject subjectrelative

filename ankit.sh printexample.sh subjectlink welcome.txt


17. Create files myfile and yourfile under Present Working Directory.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~$ cd SAMPLE

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ cat > myself

This is My File in SAMPLE directory

^C

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ chmod +x myself

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ cat > youfile

This is the 2nd file in SAMPLE directory

^C

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ chmod +x yourfile

18. Display the files myfile and yourfile.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ ls

myself youfile

19. Append more lines in the myfile and yourfile files.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ cat >> myfile

Hello Everyone

I am Ankit

^C

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ cat >> yourfile

I am from Patna

I am parsuing BCA from AMITY UNIVERSITY PATNA.

^C

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ cat myfile yourfile

Hello Everyone

I am Ankit

I am from Patna

I am parsuing BCA from AMITY UNIVERSITY PATNA.


20. How will you create a hidden file?.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ cat.ankit.txt

cat.ankit.txt: command not found

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ cat > .ankit.txt

This is the hidden file

^C

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ chmod +x .ankit.txt

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ ls

myfile myself youfile yourfile

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ cat .ankit.txt

This is the hidden file

21. Copy myfile file to emp.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ cat myfile >> emp

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ cat emp

Hello Everyone

I am Amkit

22. Write the command to create alias name for a file.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ ln -s ship_bin

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ ls

emp myfile myself ship_bin youfile yourfile

23. Move yourfile file to dept.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ cat yourfile >> dept

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ cat dept

I am from Patna

I am parsuing BCA from AMITY UNIVERSITY PATNA.

I am from Patna

I am parsuing BCA from AMITY UNIVERSITY PATNA.


24. Copy emp file and dept file to TRIAL directory

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/TRIAL$ cd ..

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ cp emp dept TRIAL

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ cd TRIAL

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/TRIAL$ ls

dept emp

25. if you compare a file with itself.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/TRIAL$ cmp emp emp

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/TRIAL$

26. Compare myfile file and emp file.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/TRIAL$ cmp emp emp

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/TRIAL$

27. Append two more lines in emp file existing in TRIAL directory.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/TRIAL$ cmp emp emp

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/TRIAL$ cat >> emp

Iam in 2nd year.

and the semester is 3rd.

^C

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/TRIAL$ cat emp

Hello Everyone

I am Ankit

Iam in 2nd year.

and the semester is 3rd.

28. Compare employee file with emp file in TRIAL directory.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/TRIAL$ cmp employee emp employee emp differ: byte 9,line 1


29. Find the difference between the above file.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/TRIAL$ diff employee emp

1c1,4

< This is the employee file.

---

> Hello Everyone

> I am Ankit

> Iam in 2nd year.

> and the semester is 3rd.

30. Remove the files in the TRIAL directory.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/TRIAL$ ls

dept emp employee

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/TRIAL$ rm dept emp employee

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/TRIAL$ ls

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/TRIAL$

31. Can you remove a directory with files by using a single command.

Yes

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ ls

DATA dept emp myfile myself NEW ship_bin youfile yourfile

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ cd NEW

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/NEW$ ls

TRUIAL

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/NEW$ cd TRUIAL

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/NEW/TRUIAL$ ls

dummy star

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/NEW$ rm -r TRUIAL

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/NEW$ ls

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/NEW$

32. Is there any command available to get back a deleted file?


No,when we delete a file by rm command then file will not get back until we use any backup for it.

33. Rename TRIAL as DATA.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/TRIAL$ cd ..

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ ls

dept emp myfile myself ship_bin TRIAL youfile yourfile

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ mv TRIAL DATA

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ ls

DATA dept emp myfile myself ship_bin youfile yourfile

34. Copy DATA to another directory by name TRIAL.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ cp -r DATA NEW

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ cd NEW

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/NEW$ ls

DATA

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/NEW$ mv DATA TRUIAL

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/NEW$ ls

TRUIAL

35. Create a file called dummy in TRIAL and link it to another file by name star.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/NEW/TRUIAL$ cat > dummy

This is the dummy file.

^C

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/NEW/TRUIAL$ ln -s dummy star

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/NEW/TRUIAL$ ls

dummy star

36. Link the dummy file in TRIAL to another file by name power in DATA.

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ ln -s dummy power/* DATA

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE$ cd DATA

ankit@ankit-VirtualBox:~/SAMPLE/DATA$ ls

'*' dummy

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