1. Tshepo set up the apparatus below to investigate expansion of gases.

The flask is fitted with a capillary tube, is inverted into a beaker of water. Tshepo covers
the flask with his warm hands.

(a) state what will be observed in the water

................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Explain this observation

................................................................................................................................ [1]

(c) State two uses of thermal expansion.

........................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................... [2]

2. The diagram below shows the use of a steel rivet to fasten together two sheets of metal.
The hot rivet is placed in the hole and its end is then hammered flat.
 (a) Explain how the use of a hot rivet ensures a tight joint between the metal sheets.

...............................................................................................................................................

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...... [3]

(b) Explain the following

When railway lines are laid, gaps are often left between sections of the steel rack

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...….............

......................................................................................................................................... .......[2]

3. Fig 3.1 shows a set up used to determine the upper fixed points and the lower fixed points of a
thermometer. In both set- ups the mercury level stabilised at the marked position, P and Q.

Fig. 3.1

(a) State the physical property used in the thermometer that varies with temperature.

.......................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) State the corresponding temperature values when the mercury level is at positions P and Q.

temperature when mercury at P .......................................... °C

temperaturte when mercury at Q .......................................... °C [1]

Fig 3.2

Determine the length of the mercury column from the bulb when the thermometer is placed in
water at 30 °C.

length = ....................................................... [2]

(d) Suggest why it is not suitable to use water collected from a borehole to make the ice used in
this experiment.

......................................................................................................................................................
.......[1]
4. Fig 4.1 shows a graph of a gaseous substance cooling from 200 °C.

Fig 4.1

(a) What is the freezing point of the substance?

Freezing point = ........................................................ [1]

(b) Tick the correct two boxes about the substance between 6 and 20 minutes.

It is changing into a solid

It loses heat energy

Its temperature is constant

Its volume remains constant [2]

(c) State two difference between boiling and evaporation.

1.......................................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................................

2......................................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................................ [2]
5. Fig 5.1 shows a metal rod RS being heated at end R.

Fig. 5.1

(a) Name the process by which thermal energy moves from R to S.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Describe the process by which thermal energy moves from R to S.

.......................................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

6. Fig 6.1shows a piece of apparatus used to show the transfer of thermal energy in liquids.

Fig 6.1

The glass tube is filled with cold water. Crystals that dissolves slowly are inserted into the top of the
tube. The water around the crystals becomes coloured.
When the glass tube is heated as shown in Fig 6.1, the coloured water moves.

(a)(i) On fig 6.1, draw an arrow indicating the direction of movement of water in each section of
the tube. [1]
 (ii) state the name of this method of thermal energy transfer in water.

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Explain why the water moves in this way.

.................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [4]

7. Fig 7.1 shows an electric heater placed so that it is at the same distance from the two cans

Fig 7.1

The two cans are of the same size and contain equal volumes of water at the same
temperature.

(a) Explain why the heater is placed at the same distance from the two cans.

.......................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Thermal energy travels to the cans from the heater.

State the name of this process.

......................................................................................................................................... [1]
 (c) Both cans are heated by the process in (b) for 20 minutes.

Compare the temperature of the water in the two cans at the end of the 20 minutes.
Explain your answer.

...............................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [3]

8. Fig 8.1 shows a vacuum flask, designed to allow liquids such as coffee to remain hot for several
hours.

Fig 8.1

Explain how each of the following helps to keep the coffee hot.

(a) the screw stopper

................................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) the silvered surface

..............................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

(c) the vacuum between the glass walls

.............................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]
9. A fisherman notices that the water in the lake is warm and that there is a cool breeze from the
land, as shown in Fig 9.1.

Fig 9.1

(a) what is the name given to this cool breeze?

.......................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Explain why there is a cool breeze from the land.

..............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................. ................................................................

......................................................................................................................................... [3]

10. Fig 10.1 shows a student making a rope oscillate with an up- and-down movement.

Fig 10.1

(a) State which type of wave is produced.

......................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) What is the amplitude of the wave?

amplitude = ............................................. [1]

(d) The student’s hand makes three oscillations per second and the wavelength of the wave
is 50.0 cm.

(i) what is the frequency of the wave?

frequency = ..................................... [1]

(ii) Calculate the speed of the wave.

speed =....................................... [2]

(iii) the student’s hand now makes six oscillations per second. Will the wavelength
increase, decrease or remain the same.

.................................................................................................................................... [1]

11.Fig 11.1 shows some electromagnetic waves, their use and side effects.

Fig 11.1

(a) draw a line to join each wave to its use or side effect. One line has been drawn for you. [3]
(b) Duma fm radio station transmits on a frequency of 108 Hz. The speed of radio wave is
3 x 108 m/s.

Calculate

(i) the wavelength of the radio waves

wavelength = .................................................... [2]

(ii) the time it takes the transmission of the wave to travel 60 km.

time = ................................................... [2]

Seepapitso Senior Secondary School

Physics- Science Double Award

June 2021

Total marks: 57

Duration: 1 hour 10 minutes

Instructions:

Write your name and class in the space at the top of this page.

Answer all questions

Take the weight of 1 kg to be 10 N (i.e. acceleration of free fall = 10 m/s2)

You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate
units