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B2 - Third Conditionals and Mixed Conditionals

This document discusses different types of conditional sentences: 1) Third conditionals describe imagined past scenarios and their results, using the structure "If + past perfect, would have + past participle". 2) Mixed conditionals combine elements of past and present, such as imagining a past change with a present result or a present change with a past result. 3) There are two types of mixed conditionals - ones describing a past/present relationship and ones describing a present/past relationship, each with their own conditional structures.

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189 views3 pages

B2 - Third Conditionals and Mixed Conditionals

This document discusses different types of conditional sentences: 1) Third conditionals describe imagined past scenarios and their results, using the structure "If + past perfect, would have + past participle". 2) Mixed conditionals combine elements of past and present, such as imagining a past change with a present result or a present change with a past result. 3) There are two types of mixed conditionals - ones describing a past/present relationship and ones describing a present/past relationship, each with their own conditional structures.

Uploaded by

cmooreruiz18
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Third conditionals and mixed conditionals

Conditionals describe the result of a certain condition. The if clause tells you the condition (If I hadn't been
ill) and the main clause tells you the result (I would have gone to the party). The order of the clauses does
not change the meaning.

If I hadn't been ill, I would have gone to the party.


I would have gone to the party if I hadn't been ill.
Conditional sentences are often divided into different types.

Third conditional
The third conditional is used to imagine a different past. We imagine a change in a past situation and the
different result of that change.
If I had understood the instructions properly, I would have passed the exam.
We wouldn't have got lost if my phone hadn't run out of battery.
In third conditional sentences, the structure is usually: If + past perfect >> would have + past participle.
Mixed conditionals

We can use mixed conditionals when we imagine a past change with a result in the present or a present
change with a result in the past.

Or, when we want to describe an imaginary possibility in the past that is affected by the present or by
permanent conditions.

1. Past/Present (present affected by past)


Here's a sentence imagining how a change in a past situation would have a result in the present.

If I hadn't got the job in Tokyo, I wouldn't be with my current partner.


So, the structure is: If + past perfect (comma) >> would/might/could + infinitive.
If you had remembered to book a table, we would be in the restaurant now.
If we had seen the beginning of the film, we might understand what is happening.
*Would/might/could + verb if + past perfect.
I could visit my grandparents tomorrow if I hadn’t started tennis club.
2. Present/Past (past affected by present)
Here's a sentence imagining how a different situation in the present would mean that the past was different
as well. (permanent conditions)

It's really important. If it wasn't, I wouldn't have called you on your holiday.
And the structure is: If + past simple >>(comma) would/might/could + have + past participle.
If you were a better player, they would have picked you for the team.
If I didn’t know my rights, I might have lost a lot of money.

*Would/Might/Could + have + past participle if + past simple.


They wouldn’t have spent so much time watching TV if they were really busy.
How could I have made this cake if I was no good at cooking?

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