WATER DEMAND MANAGEMENT

STRATEGIES
ENGR. ALBERT SAMUELA, ASEAN Eng
PLLENRO CONVENTION
20 October 2022
❑ Why conserve water?
❑ Water Alliance Introduction
❑ What is Water Demand Management
❑ Strategies to Manage Water Demand
❑ Q&A
STATE OF WATER
 WATER AVAILABILITY PER CAPITA

• Based on 2000 data from the

World Bank, the country’s water
availability per capita stood at
1,907m3/year

Per Capita Internal Freshwater Resources

Availability, ASEAN-6, 1992-2014
 WATER RESOURCE AVAILABILITY

Regions 2, 3, 4, and 7 – will

experience water deficits
 WATER RESOURCE PROBLEMS
• Drastic growth in population
Increasing water • Pollution of water resources

•
1 demand due to:
Drastic growth in population
•
•
Droughts, floods
Weak institutional framework
• Pollution of water resources
• Droughts, floods • Increasing
•
2
Weak institutional frameworkWater quality
challenges
• Increasing
• Surface
groundwater
groundwater
water
pollution
pollution
• Surface water pollution

3 Droughts and
flooding due to:
• Deteriorating watersheds
• High economic and
population growth
• Changing climate
• Business community have high-stakes being the heavy user of water,
specifically agriculture, manufacturing and energy sectors;
• Companies can impact on their own water use and their suppliers;
• Companies can factor in
water sustainability in its
business decisions:
production process, location
of plants, wastewater
treatment, etc.
• PBSP in partnership with
USAID’s “Water Security for
Resilient Economic Growth
and Stability” (Be Secure
Project) organized Water
Alliance in the last quarter of
2015;
 Advocacy of the Water Alliance

1. Make the whole country aware that

there is a water crisis which will be
more acute by 2025;
2. Identify and implement measures that
each one can do to help address the
problem;
3. Contribute to the Philippine
Government’s agenda in water and
help in the realization of the SDG No. 6
WHAT IS WATER DEMAND
MANAGEMENT?
DEFINITIONS
Water Conservation
• Any action that reduces the amount of water withdrawn from water
supply sources, reduces consumptive use, reduces the loss or waste
of water, improves the efficiency of water use, increases recycling
and reuse of water, or prevents the pollution of water (New Mexico
Office of the State Engineer, 1997).

Water Efficiency
• efficiency requires the adoption of efficient practices, plan, design,
materials, fixtures, equipment and methods that reduce water
consumption resulting in cost savings.
DEFINITIONS

Water Management
• The activity of planning, developing, distributing, and
optimum use of water resources under defined water
polices and regulations.

• The control and movement of water resources to minimize

damage to life and property, and to maximize efficient
beneficial use.
(USDA Natural Resources Conservation Services, https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/)
DEFINITIONS
WDM Intervention Points WDM Intervention Points

Supply Side Demand Side

End Use
Water Promote use
Distribution Residential of more water
Treatment efficient
Network Sector
Plant fixtures
Industrial/
Commercial Modify
Improve Improve
Sector behavior of
operational system
users
efficiency efficiency
Public
Institutions
Sector
Raw Water Partial treatment
Source and reuse/recycling
Wastewater
of wastewater
Disposal
 Water ‘Use’ Water demand Benefit, Effort
Baseline ‘audit’ or survey Matrix

Water Balance

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 RAINWATER ONSITE ALTERNATIVE
HARVESTING WATER

Domestic & Sanitary

Kitchen & Food Preparation

EFFICIENT WATER
REDUCE Commercial Laundries
SYSTEMS DESIGN

Cleaning, Rinsing, Sanitation

REUSE Applications LEAK DETECTION

Landscaping MAINTENANCE &

RECYCLE REPAIR
Cooling & Heating

Raw Water and Wastewater

Treatment

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Water Uses
Indoor or Domestic Use

Faucets Showers Urinals

Image source: archietecturaldigest.com Image source: signautehardware.com Image source: thenbs.com

Water Uses
Landscaping and Pools

Landscape Swimming
Pools

Image source: veranda.com Image source: pinterest.com

Water Uses
Commercial and Industrial Use

Process
Rinse and Cleaning
Cooling and Plating and Metal Finishing
Heating Food processing
Other industrial Processes
Image source: jirong.com Image source: industrialcoat.com
Illustration by Nalco Water. For training purposes only. Please do not circulate or reproduce without permission.
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STRATEGIES TO MANAGE
WATER DEMAND
 RAINWATER ONSITE ALTERNATIVE
HARVESTING WATER

Domestic & Sanitary

Kitchen & Food Preparation

EFFICIENT WATER
REDUCE Commercial Laundries
SYSTEMS DESIGN

Cleaning, Rinsing, Sanitation

REUSE Applications LEAK DETECTION

Landscaping MAINTENANCE &

RECYCLE REPAIR
Cooling & Heating

Raw Water and Wastewater

Treatment

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 Efficient Water Fixtures/Equipment

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Type of Water Using Fixtures: TOILET
Water Use
Equipment Recommendations
Impact

• Use Dual Flush

toilets with:
Older toilets Gravity Tank Pressure Assist
TOILETS typically use
➢ 3 liters for half
flush; and
3.5 to 5.0
Efficient ≤ 4.8 gallons or 13 ➢ 4.5-4.8 liters for
Liters Per Flush to 19 liters per full flush.
(LPF) flush.
• Periodically check
and repair leaks. Flush o Meter
Dual Flush
(FOM)
Did you know that…

If properly used, water usage

can reduce up to 30% .
▪ Solid (6 liters per flush)
▪ Liquid (4.2 liters per flush)
Large Button Small Button
Type of Water Using Fixtures: URINALS

Water Use
Equipment Recommendations
Impact

Pre-1994 flush
URINALS urinals use • Use efficient
Water less urinals
between 1.5 urinals with 0.5
Efficient ≤ 0.5 and 3.5 gallons gallons per
per flush, flush or less.
Gal. or 1.9 while post-1994
liters per flush urinals use • Use water less
flush 1.0 gallons per Urinals
flush.

Sensor Activated
FOM urinals
urinals
Type of Water Using Fixtures: FAUCETS

Water Use
Equipment Recommendations
Impact

FAUCETS • Install aerators or

Faucets
laminar flow
Efficient: typically
devices that
• Public lavatories – come
achieve 0.5 gallons
0.5GPM or 1.9 LPM equipped
per minute.
with 2.2
• Personal lavatories – gallons
1.8 GPM or 5 .7 LPM per minute • Regularly check for
leaks and repair
• Kitchen – 2.2 GPM or aerators.
immediately
6.8 LPM
Type of Water Using Fixtures: SHOWERHEADS

Water Use
Equipment Recommendations
Impact

• Use low-flow
showerheads with
Showerheads 2.0GPM/ 7.6LPM or
SHOWERHEADS usually less
consumed
Efficient ≤ 2.0 2.5GPM/ • Check for leaks on
GPM or 7.6LPM 9.5LPM @ a regular basis
80psi
• Periodically clean
showerheads
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 Water ‘Use’ Water demand Benefit, Effort
Baseline ‘audit’ or survey Matrix

Water Balance

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 WDM TRAINING
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

AWARENESS INTERMEDIATE ADVANCED

• General audience • Industry, profession, • Company or site-specific
• Decision makers, organization- specific • In Person
leaders, implementors • In Person
• WDM Team Leaders
and Trainers

• Webinar • Classroom Training + • Survey – Assessment

Workshop • Program – Projects
• Survey - Assessment Selection and Tracking
❑ asamuela@ecolab.com
❑ www.linkedin.com/in/albertsamuelache/
❑ www.facebook.com/PIChEBatangasChapterPresident

❑ www.facebook.com/pichebatangaschapter
❑ pichebatangas@gmail.com