DIRECT AND INDIRECT NARRATION (1) Fe (Speaker) ¥E EE Wet BH A wa a aT (Wa) aT HT AeA ts @) Wa aa & wel Fi Sat ar ai ae Baa TAA: He said, “I am going to Mumbai.” Direct Narration) ‘sagan area F aan (Speaker) he ¢ 14 he & He EU Wat Sai a1 Si (actual words) eae Commas “...” 4 ferar TH @ | a: F Direct Narration 4 Direct Speech 1 (i) FH aH H He EV -H FATT (substance) wHE FW EFS: He said that he was going to Mumbai. (indirect Narration) wages area 4 aaa & Her al Si aa wii a ea Sa Te Wee flee TT? | Taf eT he WAM am Ft was 4 AeA VI | 3A: FA Indirect Narration 4 Indirect Speech #84 tl Indirect Speech ¥ Inverted Commas #1 Watt 7 Ba? | 2 ae Narration % @ 41 #ta @ : (i) Reporting Verb 42 (ii) Reported Part @ Report- ed Speech. (i) Reporting Verb : Reporting Part 4 aa er &1 fava Finite Verb @ Seal S14 AT %, 3a Reporting Verb Het @ | (The Verb which introduces the Reported Speech is called the Reporting Verb) 3441 Inverted Commas @ @1&k feral Sa & | (ii) Reported Speech : t FS FH GA FEI Te @ 3 Reported Part 7 Reported Speech ‘ed S| FA Inverted Commas % Hex fra Hee | (The exact words of the speaker are called the Reported Speech which are put within Inverted Commas) 38 : Reporting Verb Reported Speech 4M Quoted Speech Ram said, “Will you give me your pen ?” dar fe ere 2 — ga A144 F ‘said’ Reporting Verb @ 4M “Will you give me your pen ?” Reported Speech ¢ | Direct Speech & Far fq » 1, Direct Speech 4 44a (Speaker) % #7 F Inverted Commas & Ht Tal Hate | 2. Reporting Verb & Wald Comma (,) 1 WaT Sta & | 3. Inverted Commas % a= 5M FI HIF Sa Capital Letter 8 feran ara | Direct 4 Indirect 4 aaa & ara fran . Indirect Speech 4 Inverted Commas (“...”) #t 8a 24% Reporting Verb ® 1% Comma (,) 1 9a 7ét tan | Reporting Verb #1 Tense @¥t 7et ecm | ere(21 Excellent General Knglish ( xii) J 4 Noporting Verh Htoported pooch A ma A sept told, wtated anked, requented, commanded, pleaded, advined, ordered mite Caner 1011 5. Reporting Vorb % Mwai snavamaPpET afd Conjunction M4 — that, if whether, to emma #1 6. F941 Propor Now 41% 4 Reported Hpeuch #1 eM SHC Small Latter fev rm ti 7. et Connon), AAA (Pronouns) ta tery sae feat a) Prez (Nearness of thme or powition) Mere wrath HL aftereiy sare B si ah gfe 11 Sontoncon a) oe wend ater on ara Bs (A) Annortive Sontoncon (A) Interrogative Sontoncon — (C) Imperative Sentences (D) Optative Sentoncen (1) Exclamntory Sontencen Narration rtrd ey ste any ery cena strerarrs 1 fae are, A eaTE MR MTA Be PrereTATE antl cent mt ment ® (A) ASSERTIVE SENTENCES 1 aed ob pre fepafh ant HT MET utatoment) atte Wren & | we WeRTE Ay “APRA *I Indirect Speech 4 acer as frei] amt ermbe ger ete A: (D Tenses # afters 7. at fraq (Rulon for the Change of Tenses) Rule 1. aff Reporting Verb, Prosont Catart) 14a Future (afar) Tense ‘ttm Reported Speech ® Verb % Tonne 4 fare yanre ant uttera orel are Bat: 1. Direct Ram says, “Hari has gone to Agra.” Indirect Ram wayn that Hari hax gone to Agra. 2. Direct: Sohn will say, “Auha is very intolligent.” Indirect Sohan will say that Asha is very intelligent, 3. Direct —; He has said to mo, “Ravi will join the camp.” Indirect ; He has told me that Ravi will join the camp, ME ~ Say, ayn A said * Indirect Speech 4 tell, tells M told A Fa Aa ARTA F, Wa Pa, aT Object (#4) 1 (STU 3) 1 AfK way, saya Al said % ary Object. 18 a sa Ut Verb a we wee (seem 1, 2) 1 Rule 2. 7% Reporting Verb, Past Tense (“[4T1) 4 #1, Mt Reported Speech % verb form #1 Wf Past Tense W aftafda me fen one @; ot Freifeafiad eRe aT tt : (a) Simple Present Tense 4 #1 Simple Past Tense W sen # 13a; Direct —: — Mohan said, “Rakesh tells a lie.” Indirect : Mohan said that Rakesh fold a lic (b) Present Continuous 4 Imperfect 41 77 Past, Continuous 1 Imperfect ® rm ti 4a: Direct Sohan said to me, “Ram is writing a book.” Indirect lohan told me that Ram was writing a book. (c) Present Perfect Tense 44 Ft Past Perfect Tense WIA * ec) : Direct Sohan said, “Sandhya has completed her work.” Indirect : — Sohan said that Sandhya had completed her work. (d) Present Perfect Continuous Wert Past Perfect Continuous ® am & \ka : Direct He aid, “It has been raining since morning.” : Indirect: He said that it had been raini ; (e) Past Indefinite 41 #7 Past Perfect Tense # Direct Indirect ing since morning. wen tate He suid, “The horse died in the night.” He said that the horse had died in the night,Direct and Indirect Narration ! 3 ) (® Past Continuous Tense aera Past Perfect Continuous Tense @ 1a #1 38: Direct : He said, “The students were learning their lessons.” Indirect : He said that the students had been learning their lessons. (g) Past Perfoct Tense a Past Perfect Continuous Tense 4 31g feat 7 eit 138: 1, Direct : They said, “Usha had won the match.” Indirect : They said that Usha had won the match. 2. Direct =: She said, “Asha had been reading for two hours.” Indirect : She said that Asha had been reading for two hours. (h) 2 Reporting Verb "FETE (Past Tense) # @, at Reported Speech ¥ HM acl shall Ht should T will # would 4 aa 2 F138 : 1. Direct : I said, “I shall play.” Indirect : I said that I should play. 2. Direct : Anshu said, “Radha will see a picture.” Indirect : Anshu said that Radha would see a picture. (i) af Reporting Verb (Past Tense) 4 @, a Reported Speech ¥ 317 are ‘can’ #t could Wa may H might Hae 24 E 1H ‘must’, ‘ought, ‘could’, ‘would’, ‘might’, ‘had better’ 72 ‘used to’ A oftata aet eter esta: 1. Direct: I said, “Ican jump into the river.” Indirect : I said that I could jump into the river. 2. Direct : He said, “The boy may go.” Indirect : He said that the boy might go. 3. Direct : He said, “I must go.” (U.P. 2014) Indirect : He said that he must go. 4. Direct: He said to me, “Ram should have tried harder.” Indirect : He told me that Ram should have tried harder. 5. Direct : I said, “My teacher used to take class regularly.” Indirect : I said that my teacher used to take class regularly. 6. Direct: My father said, “The children had better go to bed early.” Indirect : My father said that the children had better go to bed early. 1. Direct: The trafic police officer said, “Everyone ought to obey the rules of the road.” Indirect: The trafic police officer said that everyone ought fo obey the rules of the road. Tense Wereit fran & svare (Exceptions) m fora 2. Direct : “My sons,” said the old farmer, “I am planting these trees for you.’ Indirect The old farmer told his sons that he was planting those trees for them. (2) af Inverted Commas % Ht Water & WE (terms of address) 1 TAM wat STH Object Hage 23 Fa fir Te address....as % A Ta E13: 1. Direct: The old woman said, “Children, Iam pleased with you.” Indirect : The old woman told the children that she was pleased with them. 2. Direct : “Naughty boy,” said his mother, “you have been fighting again.” Indirect : Addressing her son as a naughty boy the mother said that he had been fighting again. 3. Direct: “My dear daughter,” said she, “I shall teach you Sanskrit.” Indirect : Addressing her as her dear daughter she said that she would teach her Sanskrit. (3) Needn’t #1 Indirect Speech 4 vat a1 wi Wi VA E 1FS : Direct : He said to his wife, “I needn't go there now.” Indirect : He told his wife that he needn't go there then. (4) af& Inverted Commas ® #het well I you see W& @ wt Indirect Narration @aMd Waa FF wet wl ate ae aie 2 re Freie Fae: . 1. Direct: My mother said, “Well Ram, I shall give you a prize. Indirect : My mother told Ram that she would give him a prize. 2. Direct: The father said, “You see, I cannot tolerate such things.” Indirect: The father said that he could not tolerate such things. (5) far wd aaM ae (conditional) aay S areas seen srareafas feet sr ate eat ¢, sae eel Past Tense) #1 34M #tmm @ | Indirect Speech ¥ eri ag afeerta =e erat Direct Sarla said, “If my college were near the house, 1 would always be in Indirect. : Sarla said that if her colle ge the hi house) she would always be in time Aust (had been near theC Direct and Indirect Narration | 9 (6) Reported Speech ¥ Thank you 71 War1 BAW Indirect Speech 4 Reporting verh Sante! Hage 84 € | FH AE Reported Speech H WAH hope, feel fe I Ht Reporting Verb 771 Le 1. Direct The servant said to the master, “Thank you, sir, for your help.” Indirect ‘The servant respectfully thanked the master for his help. 2. Direct Anand said, “I feel sorry for what I have said.” “Indirect : Anand felt sorry (regretted) forwhat he had said. 3. Direct : He said, “I hope my friend will come today.” Indirect : He hoped that his friend would come that day. EXERCISE 4 (A) Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech : 1. My teacher often says to me, “If you do not work hard, you will fail.” (U.P. 2009) 2. Pandit Nehru said to the people, “Patriotic fellowmen ! I am a dutiful son of Mother India,” (U.P. 2010) 3. “Rest assured, I will pay you back very soon,” she said to her friend. (U.P. 2011) 4. Manindra said, “No, I do not know his name.” (U.P. 2011) 5. Hari said to Rekha, “Your brother will not deliver a speech in the Parliament the day after tomorrow.” 6. Mohan said, “Krishna, I shall never betray you.” 7. He said to us, “If I were here, I would prevent it.” 8. He said, “You must keep this in your pocket.” 9. She said, “I left the moneybag in the train.” 10. He said, “This is what these statesmen are doing now.” (U. P. 2012) 11. The principal said to the students, “You see, I cannot give you any other chance.” 12. My friend said to me, “I can’t disclose this secret.” 13. The principal said to the students, “You may go to your classes now. I shall see what I can do in this matter the day after tomorrow.” U4 Mohan said, ‘T do not doubt your sincerity.” 15. Savitri said, “O Yama! the Powerful Lord, you have promised me a hundred sons. I do not wish for heaven itself without my husband.” Aid : deliver a speech ~ "T7" ®71 | Parliament — 48% | betray — 4kat 21 | chance — Ata | heaven — = | EXERCISE 4 (B) Change into Indirect Speech : : . 1. The preacher said to the devotees, “Indian culture is rich and sober and you may spread its message throughout the world. cP booes . The teacher said to Ram, “I am glad that you have obtained first divison marks.” (UP. 201 . The director of the Military Academy said to the cadets, “Future sentinels of Meth India, the country reposes great hope in you.” (U.P. 2011) The sister said, “Since I shall also be arriving home the same day, I will not be able to a the work myself but will send the servant.” ae The teacher said to Sohan, “You come to the class ‘ate everyday. Stand up on tha bench.” Sohan said, “I am sorry, sir, I shall be punctual henceforth.” (U.P. 2002) Neeraj : “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. So the east is better than the west.” Suraj : “The setting is not less important than the rising. So don't make a distinction,” or i on (U.P. 2004 T've helped you every time upto now,” said his teacher, “why don’ 0 one by yourself?” 'y don’t you try a the next The Bishop said to his sister, “My dear, there is so much sufferin, ’.P. 2003) do so little to relieve it. If people lie to me, they are poorer napa ee world: and can , -P. 2004) aap wn 2x‘10 | Excellent General English (Class XID 9. “A book can be used for anything,” replied the friend, when I do not want to give it LP. 2 to anyous or her. My ther hes 10. The student replied, “My mother is ill and there is none to look after Te gone to Varanasi and will return after a week.” i ‘ replied Govind. 11. “My mother is very ill and my father has gone to Kolkata,” repli 12. “Ladies and gentlemen, it is x pleasure to be with you.” the chief guest oe cms 13. The teacher said, “Mohan you came late yesterday and again you are late tod: the bench.” " Mohan said, t ‘am sorry. I forgot to wind my watch and could not know, the tise this morning.” sunt." 14. The account holder said to the bank clerk, “I want to close my acco aes 15. Arun said, “I will arise and go to my father. (B) INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES ] Interrogative Sentence @ WF I ay Sal &, Fa WER H sentences #1 Indirect Narration ¥ ana frets atat a ear a cated : garetts Rule 1, Reporting Verb said to #1 asked I enquired of 4A Rule 2. renee area reporting verb ® Ward ‘that’ Conjunction 1 wat Fel faa STAT | Rule 3. Indirect Narration ¥ FTAs ATH Fl AAT ATF (Assertive Sentence) ¥ Aza 2B weraraa fag (?) eal fee ae @ 3k See LIA W Full Stop (.) #1 Fate fare See | Rule 4, Reported Speech % Pronoun, Verb 7 311 Wal FI Assertive Sentences & fran a STIR aeeTA E | Rule 5, WA Direct Speech 4 tar wea @ fara Tat Yes BI No 4 fea aI Ah Hef Reported Speech fret wera frat (Auxiliary Verb) 38 -- is, are, am, was, were, do, does, did, shall, will, has, have, had, can, may 3if& @ YK & z a Indirect Speech #1 Connective word if MI whether @ wey fore aren 21 Saas are sal cr feet fren a aT Hae a: 1. Direct: I said to him, “Are you going ?” Indirect: _Lasked him if he was going. (WU. P. 2012) 2. Direct: Ram said to Hari, “Will you go to school today 2” Indirect : Ram asked Hari whether he would go to school that day. 3. Direct: I said to him, “Can you tell me what the time is ?” Indirect: I asked him if he could tell me what the time was. Rule 6, 3R Reported Speech 4 Wea fai do Wi does B st TAH AZ not 4 B at Indirect speech Ft WA4 do saa does i €zr A @, ain Ger fora Fi Simple Past Tense ¥ aea Mz 13a 1. Direct : She said to me, “Do you know Sohan ?” Indirect : She asked me whether I knew Sohan. 2. Direct : Sita said to Hari, “Do you go there ?” Indirect : Sita asked Hari if he went there. Rule 7. 3°R Reported Speech 4 do WI does & AK not @ at do 7 does # TEM R ‘did’ Fx feat ara # | AMAT Reported Speech % Verb # Past Tense Pa: #4 aM & | a 1. Direct : Father said to me, “Do you not obey me ?” . Indirect : Father asked me if I did not obey him. 2. Direct : Ramesh said to his friend,“ ‘Don't you go to college on a rainy day ”" he didn’t go to college on a rainy day Verb a ai $8 €21 a2 Wea farT $1 Past Perfect “Did you lend me your book »” hether I had lent him my book. Indirect: Ramesh asked his friend if Rule 8. 3% Reported Speech 4 ‘did’ Helping Tense 4 ama 24 #1 Fa Direct: He said to me, Indirect : He asked me wDirect and Indirect Narration 1 Rule 9. aR Reported Speech WARAF WR (what, who, which, whom, whose, when, where, why, how 31%) 83S Bat Bat Indirect Speech 4 Fé 3 Connective Ti Cra IT : ' a eri Connective 31rd arch Ft weeps are Tee ah MTT FHC fowa t WeT eA ' 2 1. Direct : [said to her, “Who are you and where are you coming from ”” Indirect : Ienquired of her who she was and where she was coming from. |, 2. Direct: The teacher said to Hari, “Why did you not come to school yesterday 7 Indirect : The teacher asked Hari why he had not come to school the previous day. ° 3. Direct : He said to me, “Where do you live ”” Indirect : He asked me where I lived. 4. Direct: He said to Mohan, “How much money do you want ?” Indirect : He asked Mohan how much money he wanted. Rule 10. "Yes’, ‘No’ answer to questions - Reported Speech % 2174 G2 ‘Yes’ a ‘No’ F471 Wed aI Subject sk Verb wt cara Fraferaa wan fered F : 1, Direct : She said to Reeta, “Can you lend me this watch ?” Reeta said, “Yes.” Indirect : She asked Reeta if she (Reeta) could lend her that watch. Reeta replied that she could. = 2. Direct : said to Anand, “Are you attending the class ?” Anand said, “No.” Indirect : asked Anand ifhe was attending the class. Anand said that he wasn’t. tz : @w FAGM Yes’ Hi replied in affirmative TH ‘No’ i replied in negative % Fea aaa: arden area at Prafefiad arqan ft ferar sn aaa @ : Reeta replied in affirmative. ‘Anand replied in negative. ee favre uftads Rule 1, 4a Fas HAM FHC HT A ETS HTH GA if Ft HM whether FH TAM AH AT Te | 1. Direct : The teacher said to Hari, “Do you want to attend the parade or not ?” Indirect : The teacher asked Hari whether he wanted to attend the parade or not. 2. Direct: : The mother said to her son, “Do you want to have milk or tea ?” Indirect : The mother asked her son whether he wanted to have milk or tea. Rule 2. ae weet, Bere GA & fare st EZ tt Indirect Speech ¥ Second 4 Third Person Pronouns you, he, she, they Sf Ma would % TAK should we Fa Bt stem AVA STAT es 1ST: Direct ; Ravi said, “What shall I do with it, mother ?” Indirect : Ravi asked his mother what he should do with it. EXERCISE 5 (A) Change into Indirect Speech : The teacher said to the student, “Have you completed your home-work ”” The waster said to the lazy servant, “What are you doing here in the OP wy the house ?” U. P01 1. Hari said to me, “Can you spare some money for me ?” LP. 1 de Car ar or ny UP. 30s 3. The nurse said to the patient, “Don't you feel better this morning?” (U.P. 2010) 4. Gita said to Sita, “Is it not a surprise to meet you here today?” (U.P. 2010) 8. She said to me, “Are you well ?” (UP. solo 7( 12 | Excellent General English (Class XII) J 8. The lady said to the girl, “Do you live in this house ?” 9. He said to her, “Will you lend me your pen ?” 10. “What are you doing here ?” said my mother to me. 11. “Boy, will you not wash your clothes ?” asked the master of the house. 12. He said to Ramesh, “Why do you stop here ?” (WU. P.2013) 13. Jaya said to Ramesh, “Where do you live ?” ca 14. The boys said to Sudhir, “Why will you not. play with us today ?” 15, Mohan said to me, “Why did you not come here yesterday?” 16. My father said to me, “Where do you like to'go in summer vacation 7” |, 5955) 17. I said to him, “Can you not do this work?” - es 18. The teacher said to Ranjit, “Why do you want to go home earlier ?” 19. “Have you ever been to Kolkata ?” said Ramesh to her. 20. “Will it be a holiday tomorrow ?” the boys asked the teacher. 21. He asked me, “How many marks did you secure in English?” 22. The young sparrow said, “Mother, what is that strange object ? 23. She said to him, “May I use your telephone ?” . ates 24. The customer said to the shopkeeper, “Did you close your shop earlier last evening ? 25. The principal said to the clerk, “Have you sent my letter ?” (U.P. 2008) Aid : comfortable - sm @ | object - 4%] | summer vacation — 7H #t Beat | custo- mer ~ 18% | EXERCISE 5 (B) Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech : 1. “When will the next test match be played ? asked the boys. 2. Her mother said to me, “How old are you ”” (U.P. 2013) 3. said to him, “Where did you find this old postage stamp ?” 4. He said to us, “What is happening there ?” 5. “Who has broken the flower vase ?” said the caretaker. 6. She said to me, “Are you interested in this matter ?” 7. “Is it time to leave for the station ?” he said. 8. “What will you have tea or coffee ?” said mother to me. 9. Aruna scid, “Vimla, do you know Najma’s address ”” 10. He said to me, “Why did you pluck this flower ?” 11. “When will the night bus to Gorakhpur leave ” said the passenger. 12. She said to them, “How did he meet with the accident ?” 13. The judge asked the accused, “Have you ever been convicted before ?” 14, The teacher said to the student, “Why have you come so late today” (U.P. 2014) 15. The boss said, “Are the men ready ?” (U.P. 2012) 16. He said to himself, “How shall I prepare for my test if there is no light ”” 17. She said to me, “Is the man still unconscious ”” 18. The nurse asked the patient, “Don't you feel better this morning ?” 19. Father said to me, “Can you solve this problem ” Aid : flower vase — et #1 TAC | accused — afrqaa | have'been convicted — afr sera 74 | unconscious — 44a, Here | EXERCISE 5 (C) Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech : 1. “Will you be here for the next few minutes ”” she said. “Yes,” 2004) 2. “What do you mean ?” asked the boy. “How cana book be used for bling aur : 3. Kamal said to me, “Why i be , ea isa by a you not lend me your pen ? I will return it whenever you 4 2 ie ae said to the student, “Why are you late ?” e teacher said, “Where is your father ? Has he gone ” a3 ? out ? 2005) 5. “Why did you not come to school yesterday ?” asked the teacher wr. 2005)( Direct and Indirect Narration | 13) i ” id to the stranger. . “Who are you, Sir, and why have you come here ?” they sai (U.P. 2005) > 7. “Do be ee that the socks you are wearing aren’t a pair ?” I said. Leould find,” “Yes, but i ii 3 s I con ind, {Yes, but I was in a hurry this morning and these were the only ones I could ag) 8. I said to the guest, “Are you comfortable here 2” (U.P. 2007) 9, She said, “Can you tell me the way to the nearest hotel ?” (U.P. 2007) “No,” replied the man, “I am a stranger.” (U.P. 2007) 10. What makes you worried ?” said the man to his wife. She said, “Only the long separation of my children.” (U.P. 2007) 11. Gopal said to Ganesh, “Will you like to go to see the cricket match ?” (U.P. 2008) 12. Mother said to me, “Did you go to school ?” I replied, “Yes.” (U.P. 2009) 13. Hari said to Ram, “Have you completed your home-work ?” Ram said, “No.” Hari said, “Why ?” Ram said, “Because I could not get time.” (U.P. 2009) 14. The traveller said, “Can you tell me the way to the nearest inn 2” “Yes”, said the peasant, “Do you want one in which you can spend the night ?” (U.P. 2011) 15. The wolf said to the lamb, “Why are you making the water dirty ?” (U.P. 2012) (C) IMPERATIVE SENTENCES ‘wa fret ara H strat (order), WAR (advice) A MAT (request) WH #1 7S eI a Fa Imperative vy, Sentence et & | F44 at ‘you’ (verb @ yet) fou war f wen APA Finite Verb 8 MEH tare | Rule I. Reporting Verb ‘said’ i 414 & Aqan Fa WHR ae e : (a) AR order @ at ordered, commanded ante 4 | (b) A advice @ tt advised, urged sife 4.1 (c) aff request @ at requested, begged, implored, entreated af 4 | Rule 2. Reported Speech ¥ Verb & 46 ‘to’ WEF Infinitive TI Aa FSA: 1. Direct The teacher said to me, “Sit in your class and learn your lesson.” Indirect : The teacher ordered me to sit in my class and learn my lesson. 2, Direct He said to his friend, “Work hard.” Indirect He advised his friend to work hard. ' Rule 3. Reported Speech ® Vocative Case % Noun #1 Reporting Verb #1 #4 (Object) 7124 aa: Direct The teacher said, “Sit down, boys.” Indirect : The teacher ordered the boys to sit down. Rule 4, ¥@ Reported Speech frees # Hufq ‘Do not’ 4 we A, at eae hada st fafa & (a) Reporting Verb #1 forbade # au feat Tar & Ta Reported Speech ¥ 314 EL ‘Do not’ # ware BH fore Vw to TT ATE HT . Direct: The teacher said to the boy, “Do not abuse anyone.” Indirect The teacher forbade the boy to abuse anyone. (b) GRa fafir F Reporting Verb ‘said’ #1 "14H STAN ordered, advised WM reques: ‘eo ered, advis quested Fae SA] {yea Reported Speech 4 @ et ‘Do’ Fem Sik ‘not’ & ae ‘to Infinitive’ #1 wa fem, art Direct: My father said to me, “Don’t waste your time.” Indirect : My father advised me not to waste my time.14 _|_Excelient General English Class XID) Rule 5, Reported Speech 44 ‘never’ @ 9 tt Reporting Verb #1 advi ‘never’ ten faran & ata to ar win wee EH: _, Direct : The teacher said to the student, “Never waste your time. Indirect _: The teacher advised the student never to waste his time. ate — Never ara aa forbade Kei Ae eae Rule 6, 44 Reported Speech 4 ‘Sir, Please’, ‘Kindly’ suf wut #1 yan gitar @ at Indirect 71 ‘wer Fa erat a a1 8A F eT Reporting Verb i requested FARA AE IA: . i ‘The student said to the teacher, “Sir, mark me present. sed 4 aR 34 & ik 1. Direct Indirect : The student requested the teacher to mark him present. 2. Direct Ram said to Shyam, “Please come and tell me something. Ram requested Shyam to go and tell him something. 8. Direct : She said to Sita, “Kindly help me.” Indirect : She requested Sita to help her. Rule 7, 4% Reported Speech ¥ if @ WHET BH aTet Clause 4 were #1 Wa # at Indirect Speech ¥ should 1 TAP 3H APT A 1 FA: Direct. : My mother said, “If you suffer from cold and cough, consult a doctor surely.” Indirect: -My mother said if I suffered from cold and cough, I should consult a doctor surely. Or My mother advised me to consult a doctor surely if I suffered from cold and cough. E Imperative Sentences G7 H Interrogative #3 cTa # W 4 aTeT 4 Interrogative weet Imperative # ta & wafer Fra Pramargdr wre 1 Te wera t | ta ara et Indirect speech # aera Baa FH Reporting Verbs # aa & sera oh aTGAN aT BT TS : 1. Direct : “Would you please give me your pen ?” he said to me. Indirect: He requested me to give him my pen. 2. Direct: He said, “Could I use your phone ?” Indirect : He asked me to use my phone. 3. Direct: She said, “Would you like a sandwich ” Indirect : She offered me a sandwich. 4. Direct: She said, “Would you like to have tea with me ?” (UP. 2013) Indirect: She invited me to have tea with her. 5. Direct : He said to them, “Would you like to sit down ?” Indirect : He requested them to sit down. EXERCISE 6 (A) Change into Indirect Speech : ‘The master said to his servant, “Bring me a cup of milk.” He said to me, “Kindly help me.” “Sit down and learn your lesson, boys,” said the teacher. ‘The teacher said to him, “Remain standing.” ‘The doctor said to the patient, “Do not take butter whil * The sage sid “Trust in God and do the right.” Ss perenne mother said to her daughter, “Do not play outside in the sun.” ‘isten to me when I teach,” said the teacher to us = P2018 The lee said to the farmer, “Go away from here and do not show me your Sere ReNE. The teacher said to t] . He said to us, “Eat well and digest .” . He said, “Could I Byer Hee ploeee |. Rita said, “If, . “Help the helpless,” said the man to me. Direct and Indirect Narration | 15 . He said to us, “Keep quiet.” - Mohan said to me, “Do not drive fast, as the road is very busy.” I said to him, “Please do me this favour” the boy, “Bring your book and stand near me.” € take your pen, please ”” Father said to me, “Behave well towards others.” » you Want to see this cassette, come to my house at 5 p.m. The old man said, “Wo nuld you pay me in cash, please ?” She said to me, 7 5 “Could you type one more letter before you go ?” Aid : treatment — 3 | behave — aafa @eT | helpless ~ 3taera | No geRey @ Change into Indirect s ipeech : EXERCISE 6 (B) ‘The chairman of the Flood Relief Committee said, “Please contribute liberally to the Flood Relief Fund.” He said to me, “Eat meals at fixed hours,” ;Don't cut green trees, instead plant more of them,” said the speaker. The doctor said to the patient, “Lie on this table.” ‘The doctor said, “Get your children vaccinated against dangerous diseases.” ‘The refugee woman said to the shopkeeper, “Please help my starving children.” (U.P. 2013) “Type this letter immediately and take care that there are no typing mistakes,” the officer said to his typist. Father said to me, “Don’t waste your time.” Aid : contribute liberally — s@ranga ater feta | Flood Relief Fund - arg wea #a 1 get vaccinated ~ 211 TASH! immediately — FA | EXERCISE 6 (C) Change into Indirect Speech : 1. Socrates said, “Be quiet and have patience.” (U.P. 1986) 2. “Keep quiet and do not disturb the patient,” the nurse said to the visitor mane 3. The merchant said, “Young man ! pardon me the liberty which I take in asking you how it happens that you always make use of your left hand, never your right,” (UEP. 1989) 4. The policeman aid, “Stand up and follow me.” (U.P. 1992) 5. The boy said, “Tell me how you will solve the question.” (U.P. 1992) 6. The teacher said to Ram, “Bring the exercise book to me.” (U.P. 1993) 7. The farmer said to the labourer, “Be quick. Plough the field as quickly as possible.” (U.P. 1994) 8. I said, “Do not speak of the past.” ; | (U.P. 1995) 9. My elder brother said to me, “Invest your money in the Unit Trust of India.” : . (U.P. 1997) 10. The Patient said, “Doctor, end my pain, please. (U.P. 2008) 11. Sohan’s father said to him, “Prepare your course thoroughly well before the examination.” (U.P. 2009) 12. The teacher said to the students, “Never disobey your parents.” W. 3009) 13. I said to him, “Please explain the matter to me.” (U.P. 2010) 14. My father said, “Be punctual.” (U.P. 2011) 15. The doctor said to the patient, “Don't smoke cigarettes.” (U.P. 2020) 16. He said to his master, “Pardon me, sir.” (UP. 2014) Aid : patience ~ 4 1 in a whisper ~ 4&9 4 4 | solve — Fa STH | pardon — wae |(16 | Excellent General English (Class XID) J Imperative Sentences # 314 Let #1 ae & fram Let Aa 8S ard wee aA fer, wai A ore: (1) FETA (proposal) ; 2a Let TA aH eae ah eh, aac: ara a Loe Bs we ae A a eM 1 A 7 Indirect speech ¥ weer & frraferfian fram & : (a) Reporting Verb i proposed suggested 4 Wea %4 # | (b) Inverted Commas #1 Bert Connective word ‘that’ 714 # | . . (c) Objective Case (us) #1 Nominative Case (we they) # Reporting Verb # Subject * Person & Jan aaa @ | (@) Let #1 should 4 aqert € sit $2 we A they % ward ferad # | 1. Direct: Hari said, “Let us play a match.” Indirect: Hari proposed that they should play a match. 2. Direct Mohan said to his friend, “Let us go out for a walk.” Indirect: Mohan proposed to his friend that they should go out for a walk. 3. Direct: Krishna said to Mohan, “Let us decide our confusion once and for all.” Indirect : Krishna suggested to Mohan that they should decide their confusion once and for all. 4. Direct: I said to my friend, “Let us go to some holy place.” Indirect : I suggested to my friend that we should go to some holy place. cafe fare ecterracte Ga (affirmative suggestion) & TH 4 Let’s not #1 Fa et at ZA report we FAW objected A was against it HA wi Fae Fa Direct: “Let's go to the 200,” said Mohan, “Let’s not,” said Radha. Indirect : Mohan suggested to Radha that they should go to the zoo but Radha objected, Or ‘Mohan suggested to Radha that they should go to the zoo but Radha was against it. © (2) Wt (request) fe Let ret ares 8 fare ara 8 fare ara aed at arqafa ais Se fore meta a ate et at 2a area BP Indirect speech 4 agent & frrfeifiaa fran & : (a) Reported Verb #1 requested 4 aaa @ | (b) Let i to let # aged & se let & LIT that ATF Noun 7 Pronoun # HA might be allowed to Foran fer% =I first form ama #1 Fa: ~ Direct He said to his officer, “Let me go home.” Indirect He requested his officer to let him go home. Or He requested his officer that he might be allowed to go home. ate — Wee af eta a1 HEME (request or advice) ‘Let there be’ ¥RtH i at £8 that there should be @@ report farm sem 13a; 1. Direct: He said, “Let there be no inquiry into my case.” Indirect: He requested that there should be no inquiry into his case 2 Direct He said, “Let there be no talk about her.” Indirect He advised that there should be no talk about herDirect and Indirect Narration | 17 ) > (3) 3171 (command) | ‘af Let a8 aI @ Fevett a onan 33S wa ao ate aH ah 8a Aree FI Indirect speech # Tee? prafetan Fram @ : a (a) Reporting Verb #1 ordered 4 aaa ® | (by Let 2271 that Fra, Foe Noun "I Pronoun #3 should I Wa wt Verb Te =A | gaat frat 1 ta: 1. Direct The officer said to his clerks, “Let no one come late.” Indirect : The officer ordered his clerks that no one should come late. 2. Direct : The king said, “Let the man be set free.” Indirect : The king ordered that the man should be set free. EXERCISE 7 Change into Indirect Speech : 1. I said, “Let us play badminton.” (U.P. 2007) 2. He said, “Let us go out for a walk.” (U.P. 2009, 12) 8, The emperor said, “Let the minister be set free.” (U.P. 2008) 4, He said to me, “Let us start tomorrow.” 5. Ram said to me, “Let us go out for a walk.” 6. The cat said to the rats, “Let us start on a pilgrimage.” | 7. The two cats cried, “Let the case be closed.” | 8. He said, “Let us wait for the train.” (U.P. 2008) | 9. Pramod said to me, “Let us wait for our friends.” | 10. He said, “Let me go to zoo tomorrow.” (U.P. 2014) 11, Mr Sinha’s secretary told the client, “Let me see the documents if they are here.” (U.P. 1989, 91) 12. The student replied, “There is nobody to help me in this matter. Please help me.” (U.P, 2002) 13. “Let us prepare our children to face the future challenges,” said the educationist. 14. “Let me pick some flowers,” the child said to the gardener. 15. “Aiways cook with butter,” said her mother, “never use margarine.” (U.P. 2004) 16. The saint said to his pupils, “Be quiet and listen to me carefully.” (U.P. 2005) 17. He said, “I do not wish to see any of you, go away.” (U.P. 2005) 18. The doctor said to the patient, “Be quiet and listen to me cdrefully.” (U.P. 2006) 19. He said, “Let us not stop till we reach our goal, (U.P. 2012) [ (@) OPTATIVE SENTENCES ‘ST Reported Speech 4 wea a srr & sf 3 May’ a1 yar @ at ae Optative Sentence 1 Rule 1. $4 Reporting Verb said #1 wished, cursed WI prayed 4 aeaet sentence #1 Asserti Tae, Connective word ‘that’ 7rd € 4m Interjection & fae (1) Sea zae ay; ve 1. Direct He said to me, “May you live long !” Indirect : He wished that I might live long. 2 Direct: ‘The hermit said, “May you all go to hell Indirect: The hermit cursed that they all might 0 to hell. Ha) YS areH oa FCS FTE wish Te ATI g fore curse Br aT een & 1 (D) prayed a weir Seat 8 wre ae & fry ste a: Direct: He said to me, “May God help you !" Indirect: He prayed that God might help me.Hent General Bnglish (Class XID J Rule 2. ai% Reported Speech 4 Good bye 3 Good night #1 TaN Bae tt said % FAA RK bade AM FA F Ta Good morning WM at said % AK wished ferae € | | APRA! Inteyection Hurrah @ joy, Alas sorrow, @ approval wae eat ze | 1. Direct ‘Anand said, “Good night, Krishna ! we will meet again tomorrow.” Indirect : Anand wished good night to Krishna and said that they would meet again the next day. r . Anand bade good night to Krishna and said that they would meet again the next day. : 2. Direct: He said, “Good bye, my friends !” Indirect : He bade good bye to hi friends. 1 He bade his friends good bye. 3. Direct: Ravi said, “Good morning, my friend !” Indirect : Ravi wished his friend good morning. [EXE Change into Indirect Speech : 1. [said to Anand, “May you always be happy ” 2. She said to me, “May you prosper in life ! 3. The beggar said to me, “May you prosper in your venture !” 4. He said to his teacher, “Good morning, sir.” 5. She said, “May God bless Hari with a son 6. Ram said to his friend, “May you lead a happy life !” 7. My sister said to me, “May you succeed in your examination !” 8 The hermit said, “May you all goto hell!” (WU. P. 2020) 9. Mohan said, “May you have a happy journey !” (U.P. 2014) 10. They said to me, “Many happy returns of the day !” 11. They said, “Long live our Prime Minister !” 12. They said ‘to the couple, “Happy conjugal life !” 13. Ravi said, “Many happy returns of the day !” 14. My friend said to me, “Good morning, Lam happy to see you !” 1 to me, n (U.P. 1982) 15. The hermit said to him, “May you live long !” (U.P. 1986) 16. He said to me, “May you live long !” (U.P. 1987) 17. The son said, “Good morning, Mamma !” (U.P. 1992) 18. She said, “May God bless you !” (U.P. 2008) Aid : bless — staitalg 21 | prosper — 3>fa HEN | hermit — Aly 1 — ___(&) EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES | WA area Y FAT Goy), We (sorrow) sara (surprise) fe ware frat rete 1 Rule 1 Interjections (farerafeateer Wen) a Bara ax 2a € alias gas ‘1a ct Reporting Verb What a 7 How @ surprise 74 Bravo Rule 2. Inverted Commas #1 that 4 aaa 23 ¥ | Rule 3, Note of exclamation (!) & aq Full S Sentence #1 Assertive Sentence 4 age 23 | Nop () sa st set stig Exclamatory ae 5. Reporting Verb said Rule | Person 3X Tense i Wftat Assertive Sentence #4 we eae ; AFL reported speech @ sera & argent Frrafeafian wftada (a) a ee ‘WHE FEB, th exclaimed with Joy Wl exclaimed with delight af #1 yam FA eet He said, “Hurrah ! my old friend has come.” ct: He exclaimed with delight that his old friend had come.Direct and Indirect Narration | 19 } (aR He FOTN A exclaimed with sorrow Wexelaimed with grief RH 3H" FO ' 3 Direct : He said, “Alas! I am ruined.” Indirect: _ He exclaimed with sorrow that he was ruined. (o) af are A fave Bt water at TE 8, tt praised I applauded af Wal #1 WIT AAS 1A = Direct: He said to us, “Bravo ! you have done well.” (U.P. 1988) Indirect : Heapplauded us saying that we had done well. (d) Exclamatory Sentences 34 What a I How @ ane et ah Fae aI safer Were Stee | Bet Ten A TR FIR very A great aie wR TM AIF | What aH How *% ae Ae Noun samt & at FA (What a A How Fi) great ¥agct # Wy THE TK Adjective B11 W FA very a acad ¢ | ya Was aTaat F Reporting Verb said H exclaimed 4 aea 8 € 13a : Ram said to me, “How fast you are walking !” Ram exclaimed that I was walking very fast. He said, “What a fool I am !” Indirect : He exclaimed that he was a great fool. (e) af 1-H Good Heavens #1 Far zt at Reporting Verb #t exclaimed with regret or surprise WARE EIT: Direct: “Good Heavens ! I have dropped my key somewhere,” he said. Indirect : He exclaimed with regret that he had dropped his key somewhere. EXERCISE 9 Change into Indirect Speech : 1, The student said, “Alas ! my friend is dead.” 2. He said, “Alas ! I'am ruined.” 3. The boys said, “Hurrah ! we shall have a jolly holiday tomorrow.” 4, They said, “What a nice flower it is ” 5. The teacher said, “What a naughty boy you are !” 6. He said, “Hurrah ! I have passed the examination.” 7. We said, “What a pleasant sight it is !” 8. The captain said to the players, “Bravo ! well done.” 9. He said, “How dangerous it is ” 10. The old man said, “Good Heavens ! the hut has caught fire.” 11, They said, “What a fall it was !” 12. The boys said, “Oh ! we have won the match.” 13, She said, “What a pity it is !” 14, The girl said, “What a fine picnic it has been !” 15. The soldiers said, “Bravo ! we have won.” (U.P. 198 16. He said, “Curse it ! who could have expected such a turn of events.” OP. igen 17. “How pretty you are !” said the fox to the crow. (WP. 1992, 2000) 18. Suraj : “What a beautiful picture! A thing of beauty is joy for ever.” Ankur : “It is made by my sister. What will you do with this picture” (U.P. 2008) 19. Manju said, “How clever Iam !” (U.P. 2005) 20. Ajay said to Ravi, “Happy Diwali !” (U.P. 2006) 21. They said, “Hurrah ! We have won the match’ (U.P. 2008) 22. The boy said, “Alas ! Thave wasted my time all these years,” (U.P. 2009) 23. The teacher said to Ram, “Bravo! you have obtained first division marks.” (UP. 2010) 24. The teacher said, “Bravo ! you have won the match,” W.P.2011) 25. “Good Heavens ! I have dropped my purse somewhere and it ima “Goad Heavens had a handsome amount of (U.P. 2012)(207 Excellent General English (Class X11) : 2) THE CHART OF CHANGES IN INDIRECT SPEECH (With Past Tense) - : Kind of the | Nature of the Reporting Conjunction sentence sentence Verb = 1 Assertive | arama eer ‘said /tuld ti __ 2. Interrogative | aaa 3 a1 7 asked / @) sem a aie oo werarash (?) fae | enquired of (Connective) 7; Question word # , . () WH who, which, wha Conjunction 74 why, when, where, how sf question words @ ‘aren | aren Bhatt (ii) WF do, did, is, was, asked 5 can, shall, will, have enquired of Gi) if M whether safe aera ferent @ aes att 8. Imperative | weft, 31m, aeTe, requested, Reporting Verb * afk | ares fara a begged, ‘arg #i8 Conjunction ary tial | you’ commanded, wai mae | ‘wat fom Tag I ordered, |_ advised, forbade 4. Optative Feo ates a Feat wished that awit prayed 5. Exclamatory | amv, vite, ed a atea t exclaimed, that fre gas wee ara | cried out, ara & ara Ff oneadaters (1) | shouted fae! ate 1 ASSORTED SENTENCES af feet Reported Speech # fafa=t wan & area a at area WaT a srTAR W Indirect s; ; peech a aa eer ei afte ES ei aot or dnairoct ear win take yan & are SkFA Reporting Verb #1 Wa" HET Alea sik sea A aa areal ; areal et te ae 1, Direct _: The teacher became angry with the student and said, “Why h: i disturbed the class in this way ? I have told you before, that when tam speaking, you should be silent. Leave the room, and do not return today.” - ; (U.P, 2013) te — wa see a een a Interrogative, {AU Assertive wm gu Imperative @ | silent when he (the teacher a Dinect_; ;uirgondered io leve terns and metsenrerwasPeabne He boo Issn Sit silenuye ier, “Why are you again late today ? I have taught the irect : irect tencher asked her why she was again late that day and told her that he had taught the lesson. He ordered her to sit silently( Direct and Indirect Narration | 21 EXERCISE 10 . He said, “I have lost my pen.” (U.P. 2013) . The union leader said, “Let's show the boss that we are united.” (U.P. 2013) } The angry teacher said to the boy, “Why have you again disturbed the class in this way ? Thave told you before that you sl should be sil n I am speaking. Leave the room and do not return again today.” no” be silent when I am epeaking. Leave the room 4. “Curse it,” exclaimed the driver. “Who could have foreseen such ill luck ? But for the accident we should have caught the train easily.” (U.P. 2004) 5. “Naughty boy!” said the mother. “You have been fighting again.” “But I did not start it,” said the boy protestingly, “he hit me first.” (U.P. 2005) 6. The wolf said, “You have become very talkative. Be silent otherwise I will eat you.” (U.P. 2012) 7. He said to them all, “Good bye, my friends.” (U.P, 2014) Note ~ #¥i-#+t Reported Speech 4 ‘Curse it, ‘Great God’, ‘By God’, ‘For God’s sake’ mf wal om 8, oh ae ee STI TL AH TH oath Fe era tem Fa Mee fore ge FO ‘Cure ie BT ‘exclaimed with an oath’ (31a few swaq area H farm Tat 2); ‘Great God’ & fa fall of disgust mixed with wonder’; ‘By God’ & fara ‘swore by God’ | #@ : ere 1. Direct “Great God ! I would rather be a pagan than such a Christian !” cried Wordsworth. Indirect : Full of ‘disgust mixed with wonder, Wordsworth lamented that he would rather be a pagan than such a Christian. 2. Direct : She said, “By God ! I never abused him.” Indirect : She swore by God that she had never abused him. DIALOGUES (1) Dialogues (Ware) Direct Speech 4 tia &, weg fim sft SH aah Inverted Commas 7et Rao e | ra: Fea char eae few Tate Para—fova a wi wm & wen Sat an ae + Laren St aa ate 8 ae Reporting Verb I wal eta & site fared ara a aT ae Object Bate | (2) wi-aeh Reporting Verb 7 fear ara t 1 Bet eM Y oa a arqaR Reporting Verb (told, asked, requested, advised, ordered af) = 3am Fon =e | (3) 34 Reporting Verb 4 feat 72 @, at 38 Past Tense 9 @ arn =afee | ‘see: 1, Direct: Ram said to Hari, “Will you go to school today ?” Hari said, “No.” Ram said, “Why?” Hari said, “Because my mother is ill and I have to look after her.” (U.P. 2014) Indirect : Ram asked Hari whether he would go to school that day. Hari replied that he would not go. Ram asked him why he would not go. Hari replied that his mother was ill and he had to look after her. 2 Direct: Principal : What are you doing? Mahesh : I am ringing the bell. Principal : Have you cleaned all the desks ? Mahesh : Yes, sir. Indirect: The Principal asked Mahesh what he was doing. Mahesh replied that he was ringing the bell. The Principal then asked him if he had cleaned all the desks, Mahesh again replied respectfully that he had,(22.1 Excellent Ge ral English (Class X11) EXERCISE 11 (Based on Dialogues) Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech : 1. Harish : Where are you going ? | Ram : To the playground. Harish ! What game will you play there ? Ram ! Hockey. Do you not like this game ? Harish : No, I like football. Ram : Allright. We shall play football. Harish : Please wait for five minutes. 2. Mr. Sharma : When did you come from Kolkata, Arun ? Arun : came last night, sir. Mr. Sharma : Lam glad you did not stay there long. Has your brother come back ? Arun No sir, he has not. He is not well, but I think he will come in about a week. 3. Jack £ “Can I go out and play, father ?” Father : “Have you finished your hometask ?” Jack ! ‘No, father, but I can finish it afterwards.” Father } “No'my boy, you must do your work first and you can play afterwards. Duty first, Jack.” 4. Ramesh; “Where are you going, Pradeep ? It is about 10. The classes will begin soon.” Pradeep _: “Please do not disturb me. I have an urgent piece of work at home and T must go.” 5. Hari ‘Where have you been so long ? I was expecting you earlier. Ramesh My friend ! I am not to blame. P. S. D. training takes a lot of our time. Today was the parade day. That is why I could not come earlier. 6. Hari : Do you wish to go to the movie today ? Ram : No. Hari : Why? Ram : Because I have many more important jobs to do. 7. Hari said to Ram, “Have you completed your home work ?” Ram said, “No.” Hari said, “Why ?” Ram said, “Because I could not get time to complete it.” 8. Sarla said to Vimla, “Will you call on me in the evening Fa (OP Sm «glad = WOR ty (U.P. 2014) Aid : glad ~ TH | was expecting — SIM XT A | a I Wea, Wet a a lot of — Hef | earlier — Ye ie movie ~ Fahaa (FFA) | important — Fey | cartier ao 5 SOME SOLVED EXAMPLES | 1. Direct: Father said to his son, “Where are i E his son, you going ? When will ? 2 Hadlzess : pacierasted ie where he was going and when he would come back, , Babee e principal, “Thank you, sir, your advice will certainly direct: The boy thanked the pri i boy teenie a principal and said respectfully that his advice would 3. Direct : The landlord said to the farmer, “Go away and do not stand at the door.” Indirect : The landlord ordered the farmer to go away and not to stand at the door.~~ Direct and Indiree - ———— ——— hall be hanged ‘4 Direct: The judge informs the people, “The man is guilty and shall be hange very soon.” . Indirect : The judge informs the people that the man is guilty and shall be hanged very soon. «om Karim — 5. Direct : The teacher ~ “Have you finished your school work, Karim ?” Karim “No, sir.” Indirect: The teacher asked Karim if he had finished his school work. Karim replied respectfully that he had not. 6 Direct : Pandit Nehru said, “Ladies and gentlemen ! The whole society is responsible for the prevalence of corruption in the country.” Indirect : Addressing the audience, Pandit Nehru said that the whole society was responsible for the prevalence of corruption in the country. 7. Direct: The traveller said, “Can you tell me the way to the nearest inn ?” “Yes,” replied the peasant, “do you want one in which you can spend the night ?” “No,” replied the traveller, “I want only a meal.” Indirect : The traveller asked the peasant if he could tell him the way to the nearest inn. The peasant replied that he could, and asked him whether he wanted one in which he could spend the night. The traveller answered that he did not wish to stay there, but wanted only a meal. 8 Direct: “Mother,” replied Aladin, “keep your cotton for another time and give me the lamp I brought home with me yesterday. I will go and sell it, and will buy both breakfast and dinner, and perhaps, supper too.” Indirect: Aladin requested his mother to keep her cotton for another time and give him the lamp he had brought home with him the previous day. He further told her that he would go and sell that lamp and buy both breakfast and dinner and perhaps supper too. 9 Direct: He said, “I do not wish to see any of you; go away.” Indirect : He said that he did not wish to see any of them and ordered them to go away. 10. Direct: “What are you doing here ?” said the tiger to the hare. “I am looking at my grandfather's going,” replied the hare. “Where is it 2” asked the tiger. The hare said, “It’s there in the tree. Have a good look at it but please don’t beat it.” Indirect: The tiger asked the hare what it was doing there. The hare replied that it was looking at its grandfather's going. The tiger asked where it was. The hare replied that it was there in the tree and requested him to have a good look at it but not to beat it. Change the following into Indirect Speech ~ He said to me, “The rain has been falling since daybreak and you cannot go.” He said to me, “Will you please give me a lift ” 7 . Hari said, “Father, what a burden it will be to me !” She said, “Today you look very gloomy.” . The boy said to his mother, “Please give me some pencils.” The beggar said to me, “May you livelong "nS (U.P. 2020) They said, “The boy is hidden in the place where we left him,” He said to them, “Why are you making a noise ?” 7 Nisha said to Priti, “Let us have a cup of tea before we start 10. He said to his servant, “Bring me a glass of water.” Aid : daybreak — S4#TA | burden ~ at Semraasene knitting this coat." gloomy ~ 3274 | hidder(24 | Excellent General Unglish (Class XID EXERCISE 13 (Miscellaneous) Change the following sentences into Indirect ‘Speech: 1 said to me, “I do not want your help. Kindly help my younger brother. When will you teach him tomcrrow ?” examination and twice I failed,” said the boy. The magician said to the boy, “What is your name and where do you live replied, “My name is Sultan and I live in’a house which is not far away. heaven. Will you like to go there ? Savitri said, “Why should I make another choice ?” 2 A 2 TP wy see that I am too old to harm you ? Aid : to get through — sof a1 | naughty — were | EXERCISE 14 (Miscellaneous) Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech : sak : , ” LP. 2012) Rahul said, “Good night, Prashant ! We will meet again tomorrow. W. ‘The teacher said to the boy, “Do you hope to get through ?” “I appeared twice at the He said to me, “Where is my watch ? I Placed it on the table.” “I don’t know,” replied |, ” The boy He said, “Where is your father ? I want to see him.” The naughty boy said, “Sir, he is in , Narad said to Savitri, “Select another person. Do not think bf Satyavan any more.” The jackal said, “Will you promise that you will not eat me ?” The lion said, “Do you not oa 1. The master said to the servant, “What have you done with the money I gave you yesterday ?” “Thave spent it all, sir, but I will not ask for any money today.” replied the scavant, Is that the way to talk to your boss ”” enquired the master. The’ servant wos sorry and said with folded hands, “Please forgive me for my rudeness.” 2. Pt. Nehru said te the large gathering in the Ramlila Maidan “My dear noble countrymen. I shi ever remain serving the cause of Mother India.” (U.P. 2012) 3. “Alas ! child,” said his mother, “I have not a bit of bread to give you; you ate up all the Provisions I had in the house yesterday.” “Mother,” replied Aladin, “give me the JampI ht home with me yesterday. Let me go and sell it.” 4. The teacher said to Hari, “Bring your book and stand near me.” Hari was a little pemous and replied, “Sir, I bring my book to school every day but I have forgotten to tring it today.” At this the teacher was angry and said “Whe ar you not looking into the book of your friend, then ? Are you not ashamed of yourself ?” 5. The master said to the servant, “What have you been doing since morning ?” The servant said, “Sir, I have been washing clothes.” The master said, “Do not wash the clothes now but go to the kitchen instead.” The servant said, “Is there anything for me to do in the kitchen ?” 6. The fisher i in the world ” asked the king, “Call the other {rot fisherman said, “The other fool is your gatekeeper ” Nala said, “Don't choose me otherwise the gode will Pa aye Dama Andian woman chooses her husband only onee and t hee chosen you” 8: The king said, “Foolish old man, why are you planting this mango tree ” replied, “Sir, Iam planting this tree for my sons, as my father planted t “Stop, Ihave a partner and he must also have his due share.” “Are also.” The The old farmer rees for me.” The king said, “You area very good man. Take this money as a reward.” The old farmer said, -Please see that my tree has given me fruits so soso, 9. The cock said, “Why are you weeping so bitterly ?” The fox replied, “A thorn has entered into my eye. Will you come down and take it out ?" The cowed id, “I am not clever in pulling out thorns. Wait a minute and I will call my master.” ‘The fox said, “Please, do not call him. I will soon get wellDirect and Indirect Narration | 25 ) did you not com asked the teacher. “My mother is ill, sir, i i father has igone fo Kalketar scoted Govind, “[s there no one else to look ae your mother 2” enquired the teacher. Govind said, “There is none. Please excuse me for being absent yesterday and grant me leave for today and tomorrow.” Aid : boss — 417 | rudeness ~ st4gq1 | partner — fFFXAT | choose — FAA | reward ~ PRT | weep bitterly — "F2-FE CWT thorn — sie 1 [ INDIRECT @ DIRECT wrt Indirect # Direct art & fy Direct @ Indirect 4A ava raat a sete He weer Fave TT e | Frafafad seer afag : (A) ASSERTIVE SENTENCES 1. Indirect : He says that he is going to Kolkata. Direct: He says, “I am going to Kolkata.” 2 Indirect : He said that he wanted a book. Direct: He said, “I want a book.” . Indirect : Ravi told his friends that they might go when they l Direct: Ravi said to his friends, “You may go when you like, 4, Indirect : The teacher told me that I had not done my work well. Direct: The teacher said to me, “You have not done your work well.” 5. Indirect : Suresh said that he had written a letter. Direct: Suresh said, “I wrote a letter.” 6. Indirect : He said that the earth moves round the sun. Direct: He said, “The earth moves round the sun.” (B) INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES 1, Indirect : He asked me what my name was. Direct: He said to me, “What is your name ?” 2. Indirect : Ravi asked Hari why he stopped there. Direct: Ravi said to Hari, “Why do you stop here ?” 3. Indirect : Ramesh asked Sita if she wanted to go. Direct : Ramesh said to Sita, “Do you want to go?” 4. Indirect : She asked me if would go to the cinema the next day. Direct: She said to me, “Will you go to the cinema tomorrow ?” 5. Indirect : Mohan asked the postman if there was a letter for him. Direct: “Is there a letter for me ?” Mohan asked the postman. (C) IMPERATIVE SENTENCES 1, Indirect : The teacher advised the boy to work hard. * Direct: The teacher said to the boy, “Work hard.” 2 Indirect : He requested his friend to give him his boo .. Direct: He said to his friend, “Please give me your book.” 8. Indirect : The father advised his son not to smoke. Direct: The father said to his son, “Do not smoke.” 4. Indirect : Kamal suggested to Hari that they should play cricket. Direct: Kamal said to Hari, “Let us play cricket.” (D) OPTATIVE SENTENCES 1, Indirect : He wished that I might be happy. Direct: He said to me, “May you be happy !"(26 T Bixcellent General English (Class XI) 2. Indirect : The old beggar prayed that God might bless me. Direct: The old beggar said to me, “May God bless you r 3. Indirect : They prayed that the Prime Minister might live long. Direct: They said, “Long live the Prime Minister !” | (£) EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES 1, Indirect : Sheexclaimed with sorrow that’ her’ brother ‘was dead. Direct: She said, “Alas! my brother is dead. 2. Indirect : He exclaimed with joy that they Bed won. Direct : He said, “Hurrah ! we have won 3. Indirect : He exclaimed with wonder that it wasa very fine place. Direct : He said, “What a fine place it is r 4. Indirect : He exclaimed that it was a great pity that I had not gone. Direct : He to me, “What a pity ! you did not come.’ EXERCISE 15 Change the following sentences into Direct Speech : ’ (A) ASSERTIVE SENTENCES The teacher told me that I had not done my work well. He told me that the old man had died. He promised that he would help Hari. The teacher said that he was unwell that day. ; She tells me that she will have nothing to do with me in future. He says that he is innocent. He said that God is everywhere. I said that I must help him. He said that Gandhiji had lived many years in Africa. The visitor said that when he visited the place a few years back, it was not very crowded. (B) INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES ‘My friend asked me if I would give him company. He asked me why I was very sad. The teacher asked the boys if they could not sit still and do their work. She asked him if he would help her. Lasked him where he had lost the pen. He asked me who had stolen my watch. Hari asked Mohan what harm he had done to him. Ram asked me if I was ready to go. The principal asked Anand who taught him English. ‘The teacher asked me how I worked out the sum (C) IMPERATIVE SENTENCE: The father forbade the son to shout. ces \¢ boy requested his father to i i ie sted fous excuse him that time. ly fatl vised me not to go to the pictures everyda; The mother ordered the chil forbe: : He ordered Ram to-get a pe for Jun away and forbade them to disturb her. ‘The father proposed that they should invi i ; 8 He requested me to excuse him that timer” “te fiends to their son's marriage. suggested to my friend that we should gc is 10. The teacher ordered the servant not tom with tha sondern (D) OPTATIVE AND EXCLAMA Y SENTENCES 1. I wished that his father might recover soon. !*Y SENTENCES 2 The old man prayed that God might bless the young gir Somngmsene Seenomaene SOD ow goopoe IT Hp oo 10. 1. 12. 13. 14. NOOR ON ~ 10. ML 12. 13. 14, SokeNe Seenomae jarration He e ond good morning and asked him how he was He exclaimed with joy that they had won the match. Anand exclaimed with joy that he was very clever. He applauded hith saying that he had done well. She exclaimed with sorrow that she was ruined. The boys exclaimed with joy that they had won the match. He exclaimed with sorrow that his friend was no more in the world. He respectfully wished his teacher good morning EXAMINATION PAPERS (2012 All Sets) Pandit Nehru said to the large gathering in the Ramlila Maidan, “My dear noble countrymen, I shall ever remain serving the cause of Mother India.” Hari said to Ram, “Have you completed your homework ?” Ram said, “No.” Hari said, “Why ?” Ram said, “Because I could not get time to complete it.” He said, “This is what these statesmen are doing now.” The boss said, “Are the men ready ?” The Chief said to the soldier, “Do not leave the Post.” He said, “Man is mortal.” She said, “I like my house.” Lasked him, “Are you going ” He said, “Let us not stop till we reach our goal.” He said to me yesterday, “I will return your book tomorrow.” The wolf said to the lamb, “Why are you making the water dirty ?” The wolf said, “You have become very talkative. Be silent otherwise I will eat you.” Rahul said, “Good night, Prashant ! We will meet again tomorrow.” “Good Heavens! Ihave dropped my purse somewhere and it had a handsome amount of money,” he said. (2018 All Sets) He said, “I have lost my pen.” The union leader said, “Let's show the boss that we are united,” Shyam said to his friend, “Let us go out for a walk” She said, “Would you like to have tea with me?” He said, “The man comes.” He said to us, “Are you going away today ?” The teacher became angry with the student and said, “Why have you disturbed the class in this way ? have told you before that when Iam speaking, you should be sees Leave the room and do not return again today.” The robber said to Alexander, “I am thy captive. I must hear what thou art pleased to say, and endure what thou art pleased to inflict. but my soul is unconquareds The chairman said, “Let us pass on to the next itern.” The refugee woman said to the shopkeeper, “Please help my starving children.” He said, “Let me go to zoo tomorrow.” She said to her parents yesterday, ‘I do not like Physics.” Her mother said to me, “How old are you ” Jaya asked Ramesh, “Where do you live ?” (2014 All Sets) The teacher said, “The sun-sets in the west.” He said, “Let us stop here and rest for a while.” He said, “I must go.” He said, “You are a student.” He said, “This is my book.” He said, “May you have a happy journey !"8 ib 8. 2 10. 1. 12. 13. 14, SEI Ape Excellent General English (Class XID J He said, “The man was coming.” He said, “I will come here.” wasn ® My father often says to me, ‘tty ‘you don’t work hard, you ml fail. ‘The teacher said, “I do not wish to see any of you, go away. ificent !" ‘The stranger looked at the college building and said, “How old and magnificent! eon ‘The teacher said to Ramesh, Congratulations ! You have stood first in fe Css egion: He said to the servant, “Have you posted the letter ?” The servant replied, "es - Jesus Christ said, “We are all sinners.” (2015 All Sets) My father said to me, “Why are you so eager to go to He said, “O, what a chance !” > Toften say to my frierids, “You are all very dear to me! Isaid to him, “Did you not promise tocome 2” . ‘My father said to ny friend, “Why does he not bring his father to them today ? Isaid to my friend, “Let us go on a trip to the Punjab. The teacher said, “Where are you going, Ramesh ?” _ ae He said to his father, “Please let me attend the marriage party of my friend. Rajesh said, “I bought a car yesterday.” He said to me, “May you succeed!” Rahul said, “Hurrah ! Ashok has a first division in the Sc.” the picture today ?” . “Sit down and don’t move until I grant permission”, said the hijacker. . My teacher said to me, “Work hard and you will surely succeed. “Please give me five rupees”, the beggar said to the passer-by. (2016 All Sets) He said, “We are all sinners.” Ram said, “I had a meeting last night.” The man said to his servant angrily, “Why have you disturbed me in my sleep ? Leave the room immediately and do not come here again.” The beggar said to the lady, “Please do not turn me out.” The teacher said to me very angrily, “Why have you come ? Have I not told you never to. see your face again ?” He said, “Thank you.” He said, “Oh, what an opportunity !” He said, “May his father live long !” She will say to me, “You are not sincere to me.” The devotee said, “Alas! His guru is dead.” . He said, “God rules and governs all things.” He said to me, “Why did you strike me?” The poor girl said to him, “Please help me in my hour of need.” The boy said to his teacher, “May I enter the class, sir ?” He said, “I shall take you to the police station » fe said, “Is e you to the police station, you i He said to his friend, "Good morning | How are you? The teacher said, “The sun sets in the west.” My friend said to me, “Don’t bathe in the flooded river.” ‘Hurrah ! We have won the match.” shouted the cricket team, He said, “Good morning. friends ! How are you ?” : I will say to the judge, “I am innocent.” I said to him, “You should consider your decision.” She said, “Alas ! How foolish I have been !" Ravi said to him, “Do you write a good hand 7” He said, “Tam misled” . is father said, “Bravo ! You have secured distinction in three subjects.” The leader said, “Ladies and Gentleme ful to you alle Sudhs said to me, “DoT not love you am hankful to you allDirect and Indirect Narration | 29 ) (2018 All Sets) 1. Deepak said, “I want to go to London next year.” 2. “Don't shout,” The teacher said to the students. . 5: He said, “This is what these statement are doing now. 4. The boss said, “Are the men ready ?” ” 5. My father said to my friend, “Why does he not bring his father to them today ? 6. I said to my friend, “Let us go on a trip to the Punjab.” 7. often say to my friends, “You are all very dear to me.” 8. [said to him, “Did you not promise to come ?” 9, The teacher said, “Where are you going Ramesh ?” ona 10. He said to his father, “Please jet me attend the marriage party of my friend. 11. The doctor said to patient, “Take your medicines properly.” : 12. The beggar said to the man, “Please give me ten rupees to buy food. 13. Garima said to me, “Do you know how to paint this picture ?” 14. Vishal said to his teacher, “Grant me a leave of four days.” (2019 All Sets) 1. He said, “Let's stop here and rest for a while.” 2. Santosh said to Rajesh,“Please lend me your dictionary.” 8. She said, “How beautiful is the rain!” 4. Socrates said to his pupils, “Be quiet and have patience.” 5, The old man said, “The sun rises in the east everyday.” 6. The teacher said to the students, “Why have you not completed your work today?” 7. He said to the teacher, “Sir, will you not teach me tomorrow?” 8, The old man said to the boy, “Do not disturb me while I am working.” 9. He said to me, “Did you not abuse my brother yesterday?” 10. The teacher said to the boys, “Don’t talk nonsense.” i. Mohan said to me, “Good evening, I am pleased to see you.” 12. My father asked me, “Are you feeling well?” I replied, “Yes.” 18. The master said to his servant, “What are you doing in the kitchen now?” 14, The saint said to his pupils, “Be quiet and listen to me carefully.” (2020 All Sets) . I said to him, “Can you not do this work ?” ‘The boys said to the teacher, “Please, help us.” . Ramu said to me, “The sun sets in the west.” My friend said to me, “Did you go to your college yesterday ?” The traveller said, “Can you tell mé the way to the nearest inn ” “Yes”, replied the Peasant, “do you want one in which you can spend the night ?” “No” replied the travelles 4, tytant only a meal.” , . The boy said to the principal “Thank you sir, your advice will certai > 7. The boy said to his mother, “Please give me some pencila” any guide me. 8. The hermit said, “May you ali go to hell !” 9. The teacher said, “Honesty is the best policy.” 10. The doctor said to the patient, “Don’t smoke cigarettes.” 11. He said, “God rules and governs all things.” 12. He said, “I saw this man long ago.” gp eye ue