CLASS XII

UNIT- I COMMUNICATION SKILL

Q1. What is communication?

Ans. Communication is a two-way process through which information or message is
exchanged between individuals using language, symbols, signs or behaviour.
Speaking, listening, reading and writing are the parts of communication, which help
us to understand others. To learn a language, one needs to develop four key skills,
namely listening, speaking, reading and writing.

Q2. What are the different elements of communication.

Ans. Communication involves a sender, who encodes and sends a message through a
channel, and a receiver, who decodes the message and gives feedback. Feedback is
important in communication as it helps in knowing whether the receiver has
understood the message or not.

Q3. What are the different types of communication.

Ans.

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Q4. How are communication skills beneficial?
Ans. Communication skills are beneficial in and out of the workplace. Having the ability
to clearly communicate instructions, ideas and concepts can help you find success
in any career. With practice, anyone can develop their communication skills.

Q5. What do you understand by Active Listening?

Ans. Active listening is an art, which comprises both a
desire to comprehend, as well as, offer support and
empathy to the speaker. It can affect your job
effectiveness, the quality of your relationship with
others, and hence, your overall well-being. Active
listening allows you to understand the problems and
collaborate to develop solutions.

Q6. Elucidate various factors that affect active listening.

Ans. Following factors affect active listening:
 Eye contact: It is a form of body language. It is one of the most important aspects
in the communication process. Maintaining an eye contact with the person you are
talking to sends a signal to the speaker that “Yes, I am talking to you or listening to
you”. Avoiding eye contact could mean that you do not want to listen to the person
speaking to you.
• Gestures: These indicate to the speaker if you are listening or not. Keep your hand
and feet still while talking to someone.
• Avoiding distractions: You need to identify the things that distract you. You must
physically remove the distractions in order to listen attentively. For example,
reducing the ringtone of your mobile phone or switching it off while attending a
meeting or listening to someone will avoid distraction. Another example is that you
should avoid glancing at the wristwatch frequently.
• Giving feedback: Feedback can be positive or negative. But in both the cases, one
needs to be polite so that the person to whom the feedback is being given is not hurt
or offended.

Q7. What are the stages of active listening.

Ans. The five stages of active listening are as follows.
1. Receiving: It involves listening attentively.
2. Understanding: It is an informed agreement about something or someone.
3. Remembering: It refers to the retrieval or recall of some information from the past.
4. Evaluating: It is about judging the value, quantity, importance and amount of
something or someone.
5. Responding: It is about saying or doing something as a response to something that
has been said or done.

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Q8. How to ensure active listening?
Ans.

Q9. How to overcome barriers to active listening

Ans.

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Q10. Why is active listening important in the workplace?
Ans. a) It helps us build connections.
Active listening helps others feel comfortable sharing information with us. When
we demonstrate our ability to sincerely listen to what others have to say, people will
be more interested in communicating with us on a regular basis. This can help open
up opportunities to collaborate with others, get work done quickly or start new
projects.

b) It helps you build trust.

When people know they can speak freely with us without interruptions, judgment or
unwelcome interjections, they’ll be more likely to confide in us. This is especially
helpful when meeting a new customer or business contact with whom we want to
develop a long-term working relationship.

c)It helps you identify and solve problems.

Actively listening to others will help you detect challenges and difficulties others are
facing, or problems within projects. The more quickly you’re able to spot these
issues, you sooner you can find a solution or create a plan to address it.

Q11. Write about Parts of Speech.

Ans.
✓ Parts of speech are the categories of words based on their function within a sentence.
✓ When we speak or write, we use sentences to express ourselves.
✓ A ‘sentence’ is a group of words that communicates a complete meaning, thought
or action.
For example, Raju goes to school.
✓ A group of words, which does not make complete sense, is known as a ‘phrase’,
For example, Raju goes.
✓ A sentence always begins with a capital letter, and ends with a full stop, question
mark or exclamation mark.

Q12. Elucidate the four steps to active listening?

Ans. CONTACT—connect with the participant who is contributing; eye contact, open
posture, and nonverbal responses.
ABSORB—take in all aspects of the spoken message, implicit and explicit and
nonverbal clues. Do not judge or evaluate.
REFLECTIVE FEEDBACK—mirror, reflect, or feedback what you have heard
and why the contributor claims to be valid.
CONFIRM—receive confirmation from the speaker that you heard the participant’s
message accurately. If not, start the method over again at the beginning by having the
speaker restate their view.

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Q13. Discuss the rule of using capitals.
Ans. MINTS is a set of simple rules that help you to capitalise words correctly.
Each letter in the word MINTS refers to one capitalisation rule.

Q14. Write about Punctuations.

Ans. There are 15 basic punctuation marks or signs used in English. These include full stop
or period, comma, question mark, exclamation mark, apostrophe, colon, semi‑colon,
dash, hyphen, parenthesis, quotation mark, bracket, brace, ellipsis and bullet point

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Q15. What all are counted as basic parts of speech?
Ans.

Q16. What are the Supporting parts of speech

Ans. Along with the main ‘Parts of Speech’, there are some more words we need for
connecting words, phrases, clauses or sentences. Such words are called ‘supporting
parts of speech’.

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Q17. What are the components & types of sentences?
Ans. A sentence, typically, contains a subject and an object, conveying a statement, question,
exclamation, or command. Writing is constructed by putting sentences in sequence so
that they are understandable.
Simple sentence
A simple sentence is one that has only one subject and one predicate or has only one
finite verb.
Complex sentence
A complex sentence is one, which consists of two or more coordinate clauses, joined
by a coordinating conjunction.

The object in a sentence can be either direct or indirect.

A direct object answers the question ‘what?’.
An indirect object answers the questions, such as “to whom” and “for whom”.

TYPES OF SENTENCES- CATEGORY I, ACTIVE & PASSIVE SENTENCES

Sentences, where the subject does an action, are known to be in active voice.
Sentences, in which the subject receives an action, are known to be in passive voice.

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 Types of sentences — Category II
There are mainly four types of sentences, i.e., declarative, interrogative, exclamatory
and imperative.

Q18. Discuss about paragraph writing.

Ans. A group of sentences forms a paragraph. Like other forms of writing, paragraphs follow
a standard three‑part structure with a beginning, middle, and end. These parts are
the topic sentence, development and support, and conclusion. Writing a paragraph,
make sure the sentences have a common idea. When you want to write about a
different idea, make a new paragraph.
For example, if you are writing about your school, the first paragraph can be of
sentences about the name, location, size and other such details.

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