Department of Education

National Capital Region

SUPPLEMENTARY
LEARNING MATERIALS
for Junior High School
Learners

TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD

EDUCATION GRADE 8
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION AND
MAINTENANCE (EIM)
(MODULE 5) (WEEK 4)

LEARNING COMPETENCY:

INTERPRET TECHNICAL
DRAWINGS AND PLANS
 LESSON 3

Interpret Technical Drawings and Plans

LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of this Lesson, you are expected to
do the following:

LO 1. analyze signs, symbols and data; and

LO 2. interpret technical drawings and plans.
 Definition of Terms

Ampere (I) - the unit of electrical current (coulombs per second)

Caution - indicates some precautionary measures against potential hazardous
situation which, if not avoided, may result to a minor or moderate injury
Danger - specifies hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result to a serious
injury or even death
Isometric - a kind of drawing which shows the object in 3 dimensional views
Joule (J) - a metric unit of energy: watt per second. 1 Kw hr = 2,655,000 ft-lb = 1.341
hp-hr = 3413 Btu = 3,600,000 joules
Kilovolt-ampere (KVA) - a measurement of apparent electric power
Kilowatt hour (Kwhr) - a unit of electrical energy or work performed
Ohm - the unit of electrical resistance (volts/ampere)
Orthographic - a drawing which shows the front top and side view of the object
Volt (E) - the unit of electric pressure or electromotive force which will produce a
current of 1 ampere through a resistance of 1 ohm
Watts (W) and kilowatts (KW) - are units of electric power
LEARNING OUTCOME 1

Analyze signs, symbols and data

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

 Electrical symbols and signs are identified according to job specifications.

 Electrical symbols and signs are determined according to classification or as
appropriate in drawing.

Materials/ Resources
1. Oslo paper 5. Electrical symbols
2. Drawing Pencil 6. Various Company/ industry warning signs
3. Ruler 7. Cartolina
4. Black pen 8. Illustration board

What Do You Already Know?

Let us determine how much you already know about analyzing signs, symbols
and data. Take this test.

Pretest LO 1

Analyze signs and symbols

a. Direction: Match the electrical symbols in Column A with the corresponding

description in column B. Write the letter of your answer in the space provided
before each number.
Column A Column B

1. a. Push button

2. b. Switch

3. c. Wires connected
 4. d. Incandescent lamp

5. e. Battery

b. Identify what are the meaning of different signs enumerated below. Write your
answer at the box provided for you.

Now check your answers using the Answer Key. If you got 90-100% of
the items correctly, proceed to the next Learning Outcome. If not, do the next
activity/ies again to gain knowledge and skills required for mastery.
 What Do You Need To Know?

Read the Information Sheet 1.1 very well then find out how much you can
remember and how much you learned by doing Self-check 1.1.

Information Sheet 1.1

COMMON ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS

Electrical Symbols are small drawings or pictograms used to represent various

electrical devices in a diagram or plan of an electrical circuit. These symbols are used in
sketching schematic diagrams and electrical plans for numerous types of electrical works.
Practically any electrical fixture found in a house has a symbol that coincides to said fixture on
an electrical wiring diagram. These are very useful guide for an electrician or electrical
contractor, thus, making the wiring easier to install as well.

The following are common electrical symbols used in sketching wiring plan and
diagram.

Symbol Description Symbol Description

Conductor/Wire Ammeter

Terminal Voltmeter

Switch Galvanometer

Fuse Wattmeter

Connected Wires Wires Not Connected

Circuit Breaker Push Button

Cell Bell
 Battery Buzzer

Resistor Speaker

Capacitor Antenna

Diode Male plug

Ground Service Entrance (3

wires)

Lightning Arrester Duplex Convenience

Outlet

Kilowatt-Hour Meter Range Outlet

Power Panel Board Special Purpose Outlet

Lighting Panel Board Weatherproof Outlet

Incandescent Lamp Floor Outlet

Fluorescent Lamp S1 Single Pole Switch

ELECTRICAL SIGNS

Your power tool with its manual may contain "WARNING ICONS" (a picture symbol
intended to alert you to, and/or to instruct you how to avoid a potentially hazardous condition).
Knowing and understanding these symbols will help you operate your tool better and more
safely.
 Electrical signs and stickers alert students, workers, and visitors to electrical hazards in
the area. Alerting workers to high voltage areas, electrical hazards, power lines and other
electrical equipment in the area, can help prevent fires and injuries. Proper electrical signs can
inform workers of the dangers in the area.

CAUTION indicates some precautionary

measures against potential hazardous
situation which, if not avoided, may result to a
minor or moderate injury.

SAFETY ALERT indicates that a person

should observe extra awareness

PROHIBITION means that any activity is not

allowed as stated by the symbol.

DANGER specifies hazardous situation

which, if not avoided, will result to a serious
injury or even death.

WARNING specifies a potentially hazardous

situation which, if not avoided, could result to
serious injury or even death.

READ AND UNDERSTAND

INSTRUCTION MANUAL means that a
person should make some reading before
doing any activity.

WEAR EYE PROTECTION indicates that a

person should wear safety goggles or any
related protection for the eyes.
 ELECTRICAL HAZARD indicates that
electrical hazard is present in the area.

VOLTAGE DANGER indicates high voltage

in the area and surrounding equipment.

How Much Have You Learned?

Self-Check 1.1

Analyze electrical symbols and signs.

A. Directions: Match the electrical symbols in Column A to their corresponding

descriptions in Column B. Write the letter of your answer in the space provided before
each number.
Column A Column B

1. a. Push button

2. b. Switch

3. c. Wires connected

4. d. Incandescent lamp

5. e. Battery
B. Directions Fill out the grid with at least five (5) electrical symbols and write their
descriptions.

Symbols Description

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Refer to the Answer Key. What is your score?

 How Do You Apply What You Have Learned?

Show that you learned something by doing this activity.

Activity Sheet 1.1

a. Direction: Locate and box the different electrical signs below.

X X X H H H B B O O O O R
P R O H I B I T I O N E S
X X X N S B X S S S G J S
X C R X A B X W W N J J S
X A X W F B X L A L J J X
W U X S E M X D R R J L X
O T X S T M E J N J N L L
O I X S Y G X J I L L L X
O O S S A M X J N L L L X
O N H T L M X J G L L L X
O H L J E M X R R R R R X
O O H P R O H I B A R R X
V H H J T M X S S S S S S

b. Direction: Draw the electrical signs of the following:

1. Safety alert

2. Prohibition

3. Voltage danger

4. Warning

5. Electrical hazard
LEARNING OUTCOME 2

Interpret technical drawings and plans

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

 Necessary tools, materials and equipment are identified according to the

plan.
 Components, assemblies or object are recognized as per job requirement.
 Dimensions and specification are identified according to job requirements.

Materials/Resources

1. Bulb receptacles – 4 pcs.

2. Toggle switch - 2 pcs.
3. Electrical lay-out
4. Ruler
 What Do You Already Know?

Let us determine how much you already know about interpreting technical
drawings and plans. Take this test.

Pretest LO 2

Directions: Below is a drawing of an electrical plan. Enumerate the number of

outlets, bulbs, one-gang switch, two-gang switch and three-gang switch.

Number of electrical fixtures found in the electrical plan

QUANTITY ELECTRICAL FIXTURES

Lamp outlets
Duplex convenience outlets
Single gang switches
Two gang switch
Three gang switch

Now check your answers using the Answer Key. If you got 90-100% of
the items correctly, proceed to the next Learning Outcome. If not, do the next
activity/ies again to gain knowledge and skills required for mastery.
 What Do You Need To Know?

Read the Information Sheet 1.1 very well then find out how much you can
remember and how much you learned by doing Self-check 1.1.

Information Sheet 2.1

ELECTRICAL WIRING DIAGRAM

The flow of current in a conductor or wire can be represented by diagram. There are
two types of diagram: pictorial diagram and schematic diagram.

A. Pictorial diagram is a sketch of electrical circuit that shows the external appearance
of each component. It is much like a photograph of the circuit and uses simple
images of parts.

Sample Pictorial diagram of one bulb controlled by single pole switch using 9 volt
battery source.

B. Schematic diagram is a sketch showing the components of the circuit using standard
electrical symbols. It shows the actual number of components and how the wiring
is routed but not the actual location.
 Diagram A Diagram B

Sample schematic diagrams of one bulb controlled by single pole switch using direct
current (Diagram A) and alternating current (Diagram B) source.

C. Types of Circuit

1. Series Circuit is a circuit in which lamps are arranged in a chain, so that the current
has only one path to take. The current is the same through each load. Example of
this is the Christmas lights. It consists of a number of bulbs that are connected side
by side to meet the voltage requirement which is 220 volts for alternating current.

Pictorial diagram of Christmas light in series circuit

Schematic diagram of three bulbs connected in series controlled by a single

pole switch.
 2. Parallel Circuit is a circuit in which lamps are connected across the wires. The
voltage across each load on parallel circuit is the same. The advantage of using
parallel circuit is that even if one of the lamps fails, still the remaining lamps will
function.

Pictorial diagram of two bulbs connected in parallel circuit controlled by a

single pole switch.

Schematic diagram of three bulbs connected in parallel circuit controlled by a

single pole switch.

ELECTRICAL PLAN

Electrical plan is a graphical presentation of electrical wiring connections to install

in a particular house or building. It indicates the position of electrical fixtures such as
convenience outlets, switches, lightings, door bells, and others to be installed.

Sample electrical plan of

Single family dwelling

 Number of electrical fixtures found in the electrical plan:

QUANTITY ELECTRICAL FIXTURES

8 pieces Lamp outlets

8 pieces Duplex convenience outlets

4 pieces Single gang switches

1 piece Two gang switch

1 piece Three gang switch

 How Much Have You Learned?

Self-Check 2.1

Directions: Draw the schematic diagram of the following:

1. Two bulbs connected in series controlled by a single pole switch using direct current.
2. Four bulbs connected in parallel controlled by a single pole switch using alternating
current.

1.

2.

Refer to the Answer Key. What is your score?

 How Do You Apply What You Have Learned?

Show that you learned something by doing this activity.

Activity Sheet 2.1

Directions: Based on the electrical plan below count the number of electrical fixtures and
then write it in table provided after the drawing.

Number of electrical fixtures found in the electrical plan:

QUANTITY ELECTRICAL FIXTURES

Lamp outlets

Duplex convenience outlet

Single gang switches

Two gang switches

Three gang switches

 Congratulations! You did a great job! Rest and
relax a while then move on to the next lesson.
Good luck!

REFERENCES

LO1
 Azares, Efren F. and Recana, Cirilo B. 1999, Practical Electricity III;
Philippines: Adriana Publishing:.
 Agpaoa, Feleciano. 1991, Interior and Exterior Wiring Troubleshooting;
Philippines National Bookstore.
LO 2
 Azares, Efren F. and Recana, Cirilo B. 1999, Practical Electricity III;
Philippines: Adriana Publishing:.
 Agpaoa, Feleciano. 1991, Interior and Exterior Wiring Troubleshooting;
Philippines National Bookstore.
 Acorda, Aidaida V. and Robles, Rosemarie D. Drafting I & II