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Electric Potential

The document discusses electric potential, including its relationship to work and potential energy. It defines electric potential and provides an equation for computing it given a source charge and distance. Examples are worked through demonstrating how to calculate electric potential. Equipotential lines and surfaces are also explained.

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Danica Easabelle
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41 views18 pages

Electric Potential

The document discusses electric potential, including its relationship to work and potential energy. It defines electric potential and provides an equation for computing it given a source charge and distance. Examples are worked through demonstrating how to calculate electric potential. Equipotential lines and surfaces are also explained.

Uploaded by

Danica Easabelle
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GENERAL

PHYSICS 2
LESSON 4
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Electric
Potential
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 Discuss the relationship

OBJECTIVES:
between work and potential
energy.
 Relate the concept of
electric potential to work,
potential energy, and
electric field.
 Compute the electric
potential at a given distance
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from a source charge.


WORK AND
POTENTIAL ENERGY
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POTENTIAL ENERGY
is one of the many forms of energy.
It is the energy of a body due to its
position and normally converted
into useful work. And it is known as
the energy at rest.
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GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL ENERGY

A type of potential energy, is due to a


body’s elevation from the ground. A
body placed higher above the ground
can do greater work as it moves
downward from its initial position.
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ELECTRIC POTENTIAL
It is the amount of electric potential
energy per unit charge. This is
equivalent to the amount of work
needed to move a charge from
one reference point to another.
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Electric potential is mathematically
described using this equation:
𝒌𝑸
𝑽𝑬 =
𝒓
𝑽𝑬 - electric potential
𝒌- Coulomb’s constant
𝑸- source charge
𝒓- distance from the source charge
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The unit used to measure electric
potential is volt (V).
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#1 Example:

Compute the electric potential


from a source charge of
+ 5.02 × 10 𝐶 if a test charge
−13
will be placed 2.08 × 10 𝑚
−3
from it.
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#1 Solution:

2
9 𝑁𝑚 −13
(8.99 × 10 2 )(5.02 × 10 𝐶)
𝑉𝐸 = 𝐶
2.08 × 10−3 𝑚

𝑉𝐸 = 2. 17 𝑉
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#2 Example:

How much is the electric


potential from the +4.02 × 10 𝐶
−15
source charge if a test charge will
be placed 4.55 × 10 𝑚 from it.
−12
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Electrical Potential Due to a Point Charge
1. The potential of infinity is defined to be zero.
2. If a point charge is positive, the electric
potential of the charge is positive. When moving
a charge from infinity to this point, the electric
potential increases above a zero level.
3. If a point charge is negative, the electric
potential of the charge negative. When moving a
charge from infinity to this point, the electric
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energy decreases below a zero level.


Equipotential Lines

• are loops drawn around a charge


to represent the electric potential
around it. These are drawn
perpendicular to each electric
field line.
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Equipotential Surface
• An equipotential surface is one on
which all points are at the same
potential. The potential difference
between any two points on an
equipotential surface is zero; there
is no work done to move a charge
between two points.
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Characteristics of Equipotential Surfaces
1. No work is done to move a charge
between two points on the same
equipotential surface.
2. Electric filed lines are perpendicular
to equipotential surface.
3. The surface of a conductor is an
equipotential surface.
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APPLICATIONS OF ELECTRIC
POTENTIAL
• Electron Guns in CRT TV Picture
Tubes
• Van de Graaff Generators
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