CENTRAL UNIVERSITY OF HARYANA

(Established under the Central Universities Act, 2009)

(NAAC Accredited ‘A’ Grade)

Based upon CBCS, LOCF and NEP-2020

Curriculum and Syllabi
of
M.Sc. Physics

2023-25

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS & ASTROPHYSICS

SCHOOL OF BASIC SCIENCES
Approved by : BOS School Board Academic Council
Approval Status : Approved Approved
Approval Date : 05-07-2023 18-07-2023

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 Table of Contents

Sr. Contents Page

No. No.
VISION AND MISSION 3
1 BACKGROUND
i) NEP-2020 and LOCF an integrated Approach 4
ii) About the subject 6

iii) About the Programme (Nature, extent and aims) 6

iv) Qualification Descriptors (possible career pathways)
7
2 PROGRAMME OUTCOMES (POs) 8
3 PROGRAMME SPECIFIC OUTCOMES (PSOs) 9
4 POSTGRADUATE ATTRIBUTES 9
5 STRUCTURE OF MASTER’S COURSE 10
6 LEARNING OUTCOME INDEX 11
(Mapping of Courses with POs and PSOs)
7 SEMESTER-WISE COURSES AND CREDIT 15
DISTRIBUTION
8 COURSE-LEVEL LEARNING OUTCOMES 20
9 TEACHING-LEARNING PROCESS 135
10 IMPLEMENTATION OF BLENDED LEARNING 143
11 ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION 143
12 KEYWORDS 144
13 REFERENCES 144
14 APPENDICES 145

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 VISION AND MISSION
i) Vision and Mission of the University
Vision
To develop enlightened citizenship of a knowledge society for peace and prosperity of individuals,
nation and the world, through promotion of innovation, creative endeavours, and scholarly inquiry.

Mission
To serve as a beacon of change, through multi-disciplinary learning, for creation of knowledge
community, by building a strong character and nurturing a value-based transparent work ethics,
promoting creative and critical thinking for holistic development and self-sustenance for the people of
India. The University seeks to achieve this objective by cultivating an environment of excellence in
teaching, research and innovation in pure and applied areas of learning.

ii) Vision and Mission of the Department

Vision

To establish a platform for the dissemination and creation of knowledge through teaching andresearch
in Physics and Astrophysics at various levels. To help create a scientific society which encourages
logical thinking.

Mission

 To offer a state of art Academic Programs in Physics and interdisciplinary areas.

 To create intellectual property through innovations, quality research publications and patents
 To create state of art research laboratories which will facilitate the research of Central
University of Haryana as well as other academic institutions.
1. BACKGROUND
i) NEP-2020 and LOCF an integrated Approach
Considering the curricular reforms as instrumental for desired learning outcomes, all the academic
departments of Central University of Haryana made a rigorous attempt to revise the curriculum of
undergraduate and postgraduate programmes in alignment with National Education Policy-2020 and
UGC Quality Mandate for Higher Education Institutions-2021. The process of revising the curriculum
could be prompted with the adoption of “Comprehensive Roadmap for Implementation of NEP-2020”
in 32nd meeting of the Academic Council of the University held on April 23, 2021. The Roadmap
identified the key features of the Policy and elucidated the Action Plan with well-defined
responsibilities and indicative timeline for major academic reforms.

The process of revamping the curriculum started with the series of webinars and discussions conducted
by the University to orient the teachers about the key features of the Policy, enabling them to revise the
curriculum in sync with the Policy. Proper orientation of the faculty about the vision and provisions of
NEP-2020 made it easier for them to appreciate and incorporate the vital aspects of the Policy in the
revised curriculum focused on ‘creating holistic, thoughtful, creative and well-rounded individuals
equipped with the key 21st century skills’ for the ‘development of an enlightened, socially conscious,
knowledgeable, and skilled nation’.

With NEP-2020 in background, the revised curricula articulate the spirit of the policy by emphasising
upon—integrated approach to learning; innovative pedagogies and assessment strategies;
multidisciplinary and cross-disciplinary education; creative and critical thinking; ethical and
Constitutional values through value-based courses; 21st century capabilities across the range of
disciplines through life skills, entrepreneurial and professional skills; community and constructive
public engagement; social, moral and environmental awareness; Organic Living and Global Citizenship
Education (GCED); holistic, inquiry-based, discovery-based, discussion-based, and analysis-based
learning; exposure to Indian knowledge system, cultural traditions and classical literature through
relevant courses offering ‘Knowledge of India’; fine blend of modern pedagogies with indigenous and
traditional ways of learning; flexibility in course choices; student-centric participatory learning;
imaginative and flexible curricular structures to enable creative combination ofdisciplines for study;
offering multiple entry and exit points initially in undergraduate programmes; alignment of Vocational
courses with the International Standard Classification of Occupations
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maintained by the International Labour Organization; breaking the silos of disciplines; integration of
extra-curricular and curricular aspects; exploring internships with local industry, businesses, artists and
crafts persons; closer collaborations between industry and higher education institutions for technical ,
vocational and science programmes; and formative assessment tools to be aligned with the learning
outcomes, capabilities, and dispositions as specified for each course. In case of UG programmes in
Engineering and Vocational Studies, it was decided that the departments shall incorporate pertinent
NEP recommendations while complying with AICTE, NBA, NSQF, International Standard
Classification of Occupations, Sector Skill Council and other relevant agencies/sources. The University
has also developed consensus on adoption of Blended Learning with40% component of online teaching
and 60% face to face classes for each programme.

The revised curricula of various programmes could be devised with concerted efforts of the faculty,
Heads of the Departments and Deans of Schools of Study. The draft prepared by each department was
discussed in series of discussion sessions conducted at Department, School and the University level.
The leadership of the University has been a driving force behind the entire exercise of developing the
uniform template and structure for the revised curriculum. The Vice Chancellor of the University
conducted series of meetings with Heads and Deans to deliberate upon the vital parameters of the
revised curriculum to formulate a uniform template featuring Background, Programme Outcomes,
Programme Specific Outcomes, Postgraduate Attributes, Structure of Masters Course, Learning
Outcome Index, Semester-wise Courses and Credit Distribution, Course-level Learning Outcomes,
Teaching-Learning Process, Blended Learning, Assessment and Evaluation, Keywords, References and
Appendices. The experts of various Boards of Studies and School Boards contributed to a large extent
in giving the final shape to the revised curriculum of each programme.

To ensure the implementation of curricular reforms envisioned in NEP-2020, the University has
decided to implement various provisions in a phased manner. Accordingly, the curriculum may be
reviewed annually.

ii) About the Subject

Physics is the natural science that studies the matter, its motion and behavior through space and time,
and the related entities of energy and force. Physics is one of the most fundamental scientific disciplines

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and its main goal is to understand the behavior of universe and its characteristics.

Physics uses the scientific method to help uncover the basic principles governing light and matter,
and to discover the implications of those laws. It assumes that there are rules by which the universe
functions, and that those laws can be at least partially understood by humans. It is also commonly
believed that those laws could be used to predict everything about the universe’s future if complete
information was available about the present state of all light and matter.

On inclusion of Astronomy, the Physics became one of the oldest academic disciplines. Physics
intersects with many interdisciplinary areas of research. New ideas in Physics often explain the
fundamental mechanisms studied by other branches of science and suggest new avenues of research
in academic disciplines such mathematics etc. Advancement in Physics often leads to new technologies.

iii) About the Programme (Nature, extent and aims)

M.Sc. Physics is a two year regular programme. There four semesters in this programme. Each semester
is of sixteen weeks duration. Teaching and learning process of M.Sc. Physics involves theory and
practical classes along with seminar presentation and research project work.

The curriculum will be taught through formal lectures with the aid of power-point presentations, audio and video
tools and other teaching aids can be used as and when required. Emphasis will be given to laboratorywork
and visit to National laboratories to give hands on experience to students. Students will be encourage
to do semester long project in their own institutes as well as in reputed institutes of National level. Aims
of the Programme are as follows

 Understand the underlying Physics in respective specializations, and, be able to teach and guide
successfully
 Introduce advanced ideas and techniques that are applicable in respective fields.
 Provide the students with a broad spectrum of Physics Courses
 Emphasize the role of Physics in other disciplines such as (Chemical Sciences, Mathematical Sciences,
Life Sciences and their applied areas)
 Develop the ability of the students to observe, perform, analyse and report an experiment

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  Develop the ability of the students to deal with physical models and formulas mathematically
 Equip the students with different practical, intellectual and transferable skills.
 Strengthen the student knowledge of Physics and its applications in real world.
 Provide the student with mathematical and computational tools and models to be used in solving
professional problems
 Improve the student’s inter disciplinary skills.
 To develop human resources with a solid foundation in theoretical and experimental aspects of
respective specializations as a preparation for career in academia and industry.

iv) Qualification Descriptors (possible career pathways)

Upon successful completion of the course, the students receive M.Sc. Degree in the Physics. The postgraduate
of Department of Physics and Astrophysics are expected to opt different paths seeking sphere of knowledge
and domain of professional work that can fulfill their dreams. Students will be able to demonstrate their
knowledge in advance branches of Physics. This will establish a platform over which students can pursue higher
studies. The possible career paths for postgraduate in M.Sc. Physics are
1. Teaching Assignments
2. Scientific Assignments
3. Instruments development
4. Research and Development in Industries
5. Simulation Techniques Development in Science
6. Role in Renewable Energy Resources
7. University/Institute Administrative Assignments
8. Technician in Lasers, Accelerators, Detectors and Electronics
9. Astronomer
10. Medical Device Designer
11. Radiologist

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2. PROGRAMME OUTCOMES (POs)
Students enrolled in the Master’s Programmes offered by the Departments under the School of Basic
Sciences will have the opportunity to learn and master the following components in addition to attain
important essential skills and abilities:
PO-No. Component Outcomes
PO-1 Basic Knowledge Capable of delivering basic disciplinary knowledge gained
during the programme.
PO-2 In-depth Knowledge Capable of describing advanced knowledge gained during
the programme.
PO-3 Critical thinking and Capable of analyzing the results critically and applying
Problem Solving acquired knowledge to solve the problems.
abilities
PO-4 Creativity and Capable to identify, formulate, investigate and analyze the
innovation scientific problems and innovatively to design and create
products and solutions to real life problems.
PO-5 Research aptitude and Ability to develop a research aptitude and apply knowledge
global competency to find the solution of burning research problems in the
concerned and associated fields at global
level.
PO-6 Holistic and Ability to gain knowledge with the holistic and
multidisciplinary multidisciplinary approach across the fields.
education
PO-7 Skills enhancement Learn specific sets of disciplinary or multidisciplinary
skills and advanced techniques and apply them for
betterment of mankind.
PO-8 Leadership and Ability to learn and work in a groups and capable of
Teamwork abilities leading a team even.
PO-9 Environmental and Learn important aspects associated with environmental and
human health human health. Ability to develop eco-friendly technologies.
awareness
PO-10 Ethical thinking and Inculcate the professional and ethical attitude and ability to
Social awareness relate with social problems.
PO-11 lifelong learning Ability to learn lifelong learning skills which are important
skills and to provide better opportunities and improve quality of life.
Entrepreneurship Capable to establish independent startup/innovation center
etc.

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3. PROGRAMME SPECIFIC OUTCOMES (PSOs)
The post graduates shall be able to realise the following specific outcomes by the end of program
studies:

Number Programme Specific Outcomes

PSO-1 Identify, formulate, and solve Physics problems

PSO-2 Design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyse and interpret data

PSO-3 Apply knowledge of Physics in a different stream of science and to

communicate effectively.
PSO-4 Ability to use the techniques, skills, and modern physical tools in real world
application.
PSO-5 Engage in life-long learning and will have recognition.

4. Postgraduate Attributes

No. P.G. Attributes

PGA-1 have the ability to demonstrate advanced independent critical enquiry, analysis and
reflection
PGA-2 In-depth knowledge of their specialist discipline(s)
PGA-3 be critical and creative thinkers, with an aptitude for continued self-directed learning
PGA-4 be able to examine critically, synthesize and evaluate knowledge across a broad
range of disciplines.
PGA-5 Reach a high level of achievement in writing, research or project activities, problem
solving and communication.
PGA-6 have a set of flexible and transferable skills for different types of employment
PGA-7 have a strong sense of intellectual integrity and ethics of scholarship.
PGA-8 be able to initiate and implement constructive change in their communities,
including professions and workplaces.

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5. STRUCTURE OF MASTER’S COURSE
Total Credits of M.Sc. Physics : 96
Types of Courses Nature Total %
Credits
Core Courses(CC) Compulsory 60 62.5
Elective Courses (EC) Discipline Centric Elective Courses 0 0
Discipline Specialized Elective Courses 16 16.6
Generic Elective Courses 8 8.3
Skilled-based courses/ Skill Enhancement Courses 12 12.5
Self-study based courses

List of Courses (*, **, ***, ****)

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6. LEARNING OUTCOME INDEX

6.1 A Mapping of Core Courses with PSOs

POs ⇨ PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

Course
No. ⇩

1 √ √ √

2 √ √ √

3 √ √ √

4 √ √ √

5 √ √ √

6 √ √ √

7 √ √ √

8 √ √ √

9 √ √ √

10 √ √ √

11 √ √ √

12 √ √ √

13 √ √ √

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14 √ √ √

6.1B Mapping of Discipline Centric Courses with PSOs

POs ⇨ PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4 PSO5

Course
No. ⇩

1 √ √
2 √ √ √ √
3 √ √ √
4 √ √ √
5 √ √ √
6 √ √ √
7 √ √ √
8 √ √ √
9 √ √ √
10 √ √ √
11 √ √
12 √ √ √
13 √ √ √
14 √ √ √
15 √ √
16 √ √ √
17 √ √ √
18 √ √ √
19 √ √ √
20 √ √
21 √ √ √
22 √ √ √
23 √ √ √
24 √ √
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25 √ √
26 √ √ √
27 √ √

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 7. SEMESTER-WISE COURSES AND CREDIT
DISTRIBUTION
Note: This scheme supersedes the earlier available schemes before this date.

SEMESTER-I (26-Credits)
Sr. Course Course Code Course Title L T P Hr Total
No. No s/ Cred
W its
ee
k
Core Courses
1 1 SBS PHY 01 101 CC 3104 Mathematical Methods in 3 1 0 4 4
Physics – I
2 2 Classical Mechanics 3 1 0 4 4
SBS PHY 01 102 CC 3104
3 3 SBS PHY 01 103 CC 3104 Quantum Mechanics – I 3 1 0 4 4

4 4 Semiconductor Devices 3 1 0 4 4
SBS PHY 01 104 CC 3104
5 5 SBS PHY 01 105 CC 00126 Laboratory-I 0 0 12 12 6

Generic Elective Courses (for students of other Departments)

6 1 SBS PHY 01 101 GEC 2124 Numerical Methods and 2 1 2 7 4
Programming
7 2 SBS PHY 01 102 GEC 3104 Modern Optics 3 1 0 4 4
8 3 SBS PHY 01 103 GEC 3104 Physics of Digital 3 1 0 4 4
Photography
9 4 SBS PHY 01 104 GEC 2002 Renewable Energy Resources 4 0 0 4 4

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 SEMESTER-II (26-Credits)

Sr. Course Course Code Course Title L T P Hr Total

No. No s/ Cred
W its
ee
k
Core Courses
1 6 SBS PHY 01 201 CC 3104 Statistical Mechanics 3 1 0 4 4
2 7 Classical Electrodynamics 3 1 0 4 4
SBS PHY 01 202 CC 3104
3 8 SBS PHY 01 203 CC 3104 Mathematical Methods in 3 1 0 4 4
Physics- II
4 9 Laboratory II 0 0 12 12 6
SBS PHY 01 204 CC 00126
Discipline Centric Elective Courses
5 1 SBS PHY 01 201 DCEC 3104 Quantum Mechanics – II 3 1 0 4 4
6 2 SBS PHY 01 202 DCEC 3104 Introduction to Astronomy 3 1 0 4 4
and Astrophysics
7 3 SBS PHY 01 203 DCEC 3104 Fundamentals of Solar 3 1 0 4 4
Energy
8 4 SBS PHY 01 204 DCEC 3104 Accelerator Physics 3 1 0 4 4
9 5 SBS PHY 01 205 DCEC 3104 Radiation Physics 3 1 0 4 4
Discipline Centric Skill based courses
10 6 SBS PHY 01 206 DCEC 3024 Computational Physics 3 0 2 5 4
11 7 SBS PHY 01 207 DCEC 3104 Analog Electronics 3 1 0 4 4
Generic Elective Courses (for students of other Departments)
12 5 SBS PHY 01 201 GEC 3104 Environmental Physics 3 1 0 4 4
13 6 SBS PHY 01 202 GEC 2044 Introduction to 2 0 4 4 4
Latex and Scilab

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 SEMESTER-III (28-Credits)

Sr. Course Course Code Course Title L T P H Total

No. No rs Cred
/ its
W
ee
k
Core Courses
1 10 SBS PHY 01 301 CC 3104 Atomic, Molecular Physics and 3 1 0 4 4
Lasers
2 11 Nuclear Physics 3 1 0 4 4
SBS PHY 01 302 CC 3104
3 12 SBS PHY 01 303 CC 3104 Solid State Physics 3 1 0 4 4

4 13 Laboratory-III 0 0 8 8 4
SBS PHY 01 304 CC 00126
5 14 SBS PHY 01 305 CC 0202 Seminar Presentation 0 2 0 2 2
6 15 SBS PHY 01 306 CC 2002 Research and Publication 2 0 0 2 2
Ethics
Discipline Centric Elective Courses
5 6 SBS PHY 01 301 DCEC 3104 Physics of Electronic Materials 3 1 0 4 4
and Devices
6 7 SBS PHY 01 302 DCEC 3104 Nuclear Reactor Physics 3 1 0 4 4
7 8 SBS PHY 01 303 DCEC 3104 Plasma Physics and Fusion 3 1 0 4 4
Reactor
8 9 SBS PHY 01 304 DCEC 3104 Physics of Nanomaterials 3 1 0 4 4
9 10 SBS PHY 01 305 DCEC 3104 General Theory of Relativity 3 1 0 4 4
10 11 SBS PHY 01 306 DCEC 3104 Astrophysics of Stars 3 1 0 4 4
Discipline Centric Skill based courses
11 12 SBS PHY 01 307 DCEC 3024 Characterization Techniques 3 0 2 5 4
for Materials
12 13 SBS PHY 01 308 DCEC 3104 Digital Electronics and 3 1 0 4 4
Microprocessor
13 14 SBS PHY 01 309 DCEC 3104 Programming with Python 3 1 0 4 4

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SEMESTER-IV (16-Credits)

Sr. Course Course Code Course Title L T P Hr Total

No. No s/ Cred
W its
ee
k
Major Research Project
1 1 SBS PHY 01 401 PROJ 000 Dissertation 0 0 0 16 16
Discipline Centric Elective Courses
2 15 SBS PHY 01 401 DCEC 3104 Advanced Nuclear Physics 3 1 0 4 4
3 16 SBS PHY 01 402 DCEC 3104 Particle Physics 3 1 0 4 4
4 17 SBS PHY 01 403 DCEC 3104 Cosmology 3 1 0 4 4
5 28 SBS PHY 01 404 DCEC 3104 Ferroelectricity and Magnetism 3 1 0 4 4
6 19 SBS PHY 01 405 DCEC 3104 Advanced Carbon Materials 3 1 0 4 4
Discipline Centric Skill based courses
7 20 SBS PHY 01 406 DCEC 3104 Experimental Techniques in 3 1 0 4 4
Nuclear and Particle Physics
8 21 SBS PHY 01 407 DCEC 3104 Astronomy Laboratory 3 1 0 4 4
9 22 SBS PHY 01 408 DCEC 3104 Vacuum Science and Thin Film 3 1 0 4 4
Technology
10 23 SBS PHY 01 409 DCEC 3104 Minor Project 3 1 0 4 4
11 24 SBS PHY 01 410 DCEC 3104 Introduction to Hydrogen 3 1 0 4 4
Energy Systems

Note:
 This GEC* courses offered by the Department can only be taken by the students of other Departments. The students
of the Physics Department will take GEC from other Departments.

 The Department may offer more than one discipline centric elective courses (DCECs) depending on specialization
and strength of faculty members, and the number of students have to opt one of them for semester II. If class strength
is less than 10, then that particular subject will not be offered.
 In semester III, students are required to opt two courses out of the listed DCEC (courses) and Discipline Centric
Skill based courses. However, a course will be offered subject to the available specialization and strength of the
faculty.
 In semester IV, the students have to opt four out of DCEC (courses) and Discipline Centric Skill based courses from
various options offered by the Department depending on the specialization and strength of the faculty.
OR
 Student may opt for full semester long dissertation work on the campus or outside the campus in some
Laboratories/Institutes/Universities of National Importance.
 For carrying out the dissertation work outside the campus, student will have to produce an
invitation/acceptance letter from external supervisor by the end of Semester III.
 Student may complete the dissertation project under the guidance of a supervisor on CUH campus.
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 Student who will pursue the project outside CUH will have one internal supervisor and one external
supervisor.
 Internal supervisor will periodically interact with student and external supervisor. He/She will be responsible
for internal assessment of the candidate from time to time.
 Student will be allowed to work with external supervisor at other outside institutions only after completing
all the documentation process at CUH. Students have to follow the timeline strictly issued by Department
from time to time.
 Department will have no financial obligation if student carries out the dissertation work outside CUH.

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8. COURSE-LEVEL LEARNING OUTCOMES
Course Structure
Mathematical Methods in Physics I
Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact
Version: subject: Hours
Mathematical per
2022-24 Methods in I Week: 4
st
Physics-I (1 Year) Total
3 1 0 4 Hours:
60=45+15
Subject Applicable to Evaluation 30 Examination Duration: 3
Code: SBS Programs: (Total CIEMarks Hours
PHY 01 101 M.Sc. Physics Marks: 70 Prerequisite of Course: B.Sc.
CC 3104 100) TEE Marks

Course This course has been developed to introduce students to some topics of
Description mathematical Physics which are directly relevant in different papers of Physics
course. It includes elements of matrices and group theory, introduction to tensor
algebra, function of a complex variable and calculus along with an introduction
to computational techniques and statistical measures used in physics Course.
Course  Learning about matrices and groups
Objectives  Understanding basics of Tensors.
 Getting to know the significance of Complex algebra
 Understanding Numerical methods in Physics
After successful completion of the course the student will be able to do the
following :
CO101C.1 : To use matrices for solving linear algebraic equations and to use
Course group theory for understanding of crystallography.
Outcomes CO101C.2 : To use tensor transformation and related algebra in physics.
CO101C.3 : To solve real definite integrals in theoretical Physics.
CO101C.4 : To find roots of a given polynomial and understand the properties
of a statistical distribution of point particles.

COURSE SYLLABUS
Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each
Unit
Matrices and Group Theory :
1 Linear vector spaces, matrix spaces, linear operators, 15
eigenvectors and eigenvalues, matrix diagonalization, special
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 matrices. Symmetries and groups, multiplication table and
representations, permutation group, translation and rotation
groups, O(N) and U(N) groups.

Tensors Analysis :
Coordinate transformations, scalars, contravariant and
covariant vectors, mixed and covariant tensor of second rank,
2 addition, subtraction and contraction of tensors, quotient rule. 15
Christoffel symbols, transformation of Christoffel symbols,
Covariant differentiation, Ricci's theorem, divergence, Curl
and Laplacian tensor form, Stress and strain tensors, Hook's
law in tensor form.

Complex Variables :

Functions of complex variable, Limits and continuity,

differentiation, Analytical functions, Cauchy-Riemannn
3 conditions, Cauchy Integral theorem, Cauchy integral 15
formula, Derivatives of analytical functions, Liouville’s
theorem. Power series Taylor’s theorem, Laurent’s theorem.
Calculus of residues–poles, essential singularities and branch
points, residue theorem, Jordan’s lemma, singularities on
contours of integration, evaluation of definite integrals.

Computational Techniques and Probability Theory: Root

of functions, interpolation, extrapolation, Integration by
trapezoid and Simpson’s rule, solution of first order
differential equation : using Runge-Kutta method and Finite
4 15
difference methods. , Preliminary Concepts : mean values,
standard deviation, various moments; Random walkproblem,
Binomial distribution, Poisson distribution, Gaussian
distributions, Lorentz distribution, Central Limit
Theorem.
TEXT BOOKS

1. Fredrick W. Byron and Robert W. Fuller, Mathematics of Classical and Quantum

Physics, Dover Publications, Mineola, New York, Vol 1&2, 1970.
2. Merle C. Potter and Jack Goldberg, Mathematical Methods, S.CHAND (Prentice Hall
of India), New Delhi, 2nd Edition, 1987.
3. George Arfken and Hans J Weber, Mathematical Methods for Physicists, Elsevier
Academic Press. Cambridge, Massachusetts, 7th Edition 2012
4. L. A. Pipe, Applied Mathematics for Engineers and Physicists, Dover Publication
Inc., Mineola, New York 3rd Edition 2014.
5. E. Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, John Wiley & Sons. Hoboken, New
Jersey (United States), 10th Edition, 2015.
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 6. K. F. Riley, M.P. Hobson, and S. J. Bence, Mathematical methods for Physicists and
Engineers, S. CHAND (Cambridge University Press), New Delhi, 3rd edition, 2018.
7. V. BALAKRISHNAN, Mathematical Physics with Applications, Problems and
Solutions, Ane Books, New Delhi, 1st Edition, 2018

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 Classical Mechanics

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact

Version: subject: hours per
week: 3+1
Classical
Mechanics Total
2022-24 Hours:
3 1 0 4 I
60=45+15
(1st Year)

Subject Code: Applicable to Evaluatio 30 Examination Duration:3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs:M.Sc. n CIE Marks
102 CC 3104 Physics
(Total 70 Prerequisite of Course: None
Marks: Marks
TEE
100)

Course This course aims at providing knowledge of Classical Mechanics to the students so that
Description they are able to understand the Lagrangian & Hamiltonian mechanics of systems of
particles interacting with various forces and also their applications in various branches
of Physics.

 To understand the fundamentals of classical mechanics

Course
 To get familiar with various classical mechanical problems related to Lagrangian &
Objectives Hamiltonian formulations

 To aware the students about applications of classical mechanics in various science

branches

After completion of this course, students would be able to:

CO102C.1. Understand the mechanics of system of particles, D’Alembert’s

principle, Lagrangian mechanics, & Euler’s equation of motion.
Course CO102C.2. Learn about Hamiltonian formulation, Hamilton’s Equations of Motion and
Outcomes Principle of least action.

CO102C.3. Learn Canonical Transformations & Hamilton-Jacobi theory.

CO102C.4. Learn about Rigid body dynamics including problems.

CO102C.5. Understand the two body central force problem and its related aspects.

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 COURSE SYLLABUS
Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of
EachUnit

Lagrangian Formulation and Hamilto.s Principles:

Mechanics of one and many particle systems, Virtual work, Constraints of
motion, generalized coordinates, D’Alembert's Principle and Euler-Lagrange
Equations of motion, velocity dependent potentials, dissipation function,
1 simple applications of Lagrangian formulation. 15
Calculus of Variations, Hamilton’s Principle, Derivation of Lagrange’s
equation from Hamilton’s principle, extension to nonholonomic systems,
advantages of variational principle formulation, Symmetry Properties of space
and time, Conservation theorems

Hamilton’s Equations of Motion and Small Oscillations:

Generalized momentum, Legendre transformation and the Hamilton’s
Equations of Motion, simple applications of Hamiltonian formulation, cyclic
2 coordinates, Routh’s procedure, Hamiltonian Formulation of Relativistic 15
Mechanics, Derivation of Hamilton's canonical equation from Hamilton's
variational principle. The principle of least action.
Stable and unstable equilibria; Theory of small oscillations in
Lagrangian formulation, normal coordinates and its applications,
Free vibrations of linear triatomic oscillator.

Canonical Transformation and Hamilton-Jacobi Theory:

Canonical transformation and its examples, integral invariant of Poincare,

Lagrange's and Poisson brackets as canonical invariants, equation of motion
3 in Poisson bracket formulation, Angular momentum, Infinitesimal contact 15
transformation and generators of symmetry, Liouville's theorem. Hamilton-
Jacobi equation for Principal and characteristic function, Harmonic Oscillator
Problem, Action angle variable: adiabatic invariance of action variable.

Two-body Central Force problem and Rigid Body Motion:

Two body central force problem: Reduction to equivalent one body problem,
equation of motion and first integrals, Equivalent 1D problem, classification
of orbits, Differential equation for the orbit, Kepler’s problem, Scattering
4 cross section, Rutherford’s Formula. 15
Orthogonal transformation, Euler equations, Eulerian angles ad Euler’s
Theorem, Infinitesimal rotation, Rate of change of a vector, Coriolis force,
Angular Momentum and Kinetic energy of a rigid body, moment of Inertia,
Eigenvalues of the inertia tensor.

23 | P a g e
TUTORIALS : Relevant problems given at the end of each chapter in different books.

TEXT BOOKS

1. A. Sommerfeld, Mechanics, Academic Press, United States, 1st Edition, 1952.

2. I. Percival and D. Richards, Introduction to Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, 1st
Edition1982.
3. Ronald L. Greene, Classical Mechanics with Maple, Springer, Germany, 2nd Edition, 2000.
4. Herbert Goldstein, Charles Poole, John Safko, Classical Mechanics, Pearson
Education,UK, 3rd Edition, 2011.
5. L.D. Landau and E.M. Lifshitz, Mechanics, Butterworth-Heinemann, UK, 2nd Edition,
2012.
6. N.C. Rana and P.S. Joag, Classical Mechanics, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 1st Edition,
2015.

24 | P a g e
 QUANTUM MECHANICS - I
Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact
Version: subject: hours per
week: 3+1
Quantum
Mechanics – I Total
2022-24 Hours:
3 1 0 4 I
60=45+15
(1st Year)

Subject Code: Applicable to Evaluation 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: CIE Marks
103 CC 3104 M.Sc. Physics (Total
Marks: 70 Prerequisite of Course:
100) Marks Graduation Level Quantum
TEE
Mechanics

Course This course is designed for fundamental knowledge of quantum mechanics, which has
Description comprehensive and rich applicability in condensed matter physics, atomic and molecular
physics, nuclear physics, space science, and chemistry.

 To understand the fundamentals of quantum mechanics

 To make familiar with various quantum mechanical problems related to vector space,
Course eigenvalue, Schrödinger equation, free particle, harmonic oscillator,potential barrier
Objectives and well, angular momenta etc.

 To aware the students about applications of quantum mechanics in various science

branches

25 | P a g e
 After competition of this course, students will be able to

CO103C.1. explain the theories and phenomena of vector space, operators, Dirac’s
notations, matrices, and commutators which are very helpful in solving the various
Course
quantum mechanics problems
Outcomes
CO103C.2. understand the uncertainty relation between two arbitrary operators

CO103C.3. distinguish the actual meaning of time independent and time dependent
Schrodinger’s equations

CO103C.4. illustrate Ehrenfest theorem, Poisson Brackets, wave packets and wave
functions position and momentum space

CO103C.5. analyze the energy eigenvalues and wave functions of harmonic oscillator,
infinite and finite square wells, free particle, and hydrogen atom

CO103C.6. determine the transmission and reflection coefficients of potential barrier

and potential step, and delta function well

CO103C.7. recognize the importance of angular momentum and its applications in

quantum mechanics

CO103C.8. explain the physics behind the addition of angular momenta

COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each

Unit

Mathematical Tools of Quantum Mechanics:

Vector Spaces, Linear Independence, Bases, Dimensionality,

Linear Transformations, Similarity Transformations, Eigen Values
and Eigen Vectors, Inner Product, Orthogonality and
1 Completeness, Hilbert Space, Hermitian and Unitary Operators, 15
Orthonormality, Completeness and Closure, Dirac’s Bra and Ket
Notation, Matrix Representation and Change of Basis, Operators
and Observables, Commutation Relations, Uncertainty principle for
two arbitrary Operators.

26 | P a g e
 Quantum Dynamics: Time Evolution Operator, Stationary States,
Schrodinger Equation, The Schrodinger versus the Heisenberg
Picture, The Infinite Square Well and the Simple Harmonic
2 Oscillator: Energy Eigenvalues and Energy Eigenstates, 15
Connecting Quantum to Classical Mechanics: The Ehrenfest
Theorem; Poisson Brackets and Commutators, Wave Packets,
Wave Functions in Position and Momentum Space.

Quantum Mechanics in One and Three Dimensions:

Properties of One Dimensional Motion: Bound States andScattering

3 States, The Free Particle, The Potential Step, The Potential Barrier 15
and Well, The Finite Square Well, The Delta- Function Well, Three
Dimension Problems: Hydrogen Atom.

Angular Momenta and Approximate Analysis:

Orbital angular momentum, General Formalism of Angular

4 Momentum, Eigenfunctions and Eigenvalues of Orbital Angular 15
Momentum, Addition of Angular Momenta, Spin Angular
Momentum: Stern-Gerlach Experiment; Pauli Matrices and
Spinors, Clebsch-Gordan Coefficients.

TEXT BOOKS

1. L. D. Landau and E.M. Lifshitz, Quantum Mechanics, Butterworth Heinemann, The

Netherlands, 3rd Edition, 1981.
2. P. A. M. Dirac, The Principles of Quantum Mechanics, Oxford University Press, UK, 4th Edition,
1988.
3. R. Shankar, Principles of Quantum Mechanics, Springer, Germany, 2nd Edition, 1994.
4. N. Zettili, Quantum Mechanics: Concepts and Applications, Wiley, USA, 2nd Edition, 2009.
5. J. J. Sakurai, Modern Quantum Mechanics, Pearson, India, 2nd Edition, 2013.
6. L. I. Schiff, Quantum Mechanics, McGraw Hill Education, USA, 4th Edition, 2017.
7. D. J. Griffiths, Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, Cambridge University Press, UK, 3rd
Edition, 2018.
8. C. Cohen-Tannoudji, B. Diu, and F. Laloe, Quantum Mechanics, Volume 1: Basic Concepts,
Tools, and Applications, Wiley, USA, 2nd Edition, 2019.

27 | P a g e
 Semiconductor Devices
Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact
Version: subject: hours per
week: 3+1
Semiconductor
Devices Total
2022-24 Hours:
3 1 0 4 I
60=45+15
st
(1 Year)

Subject Code: Applicable to Evaluation 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: Marks
104 CC 3104 M.Sc. Physics (Total CIE
Marks:
100) 70 Prerequisite of Course: None
Marks
TEE

Course The objective of the course on Semiconductor Devices is to introduce semiconductor

Description physics, physical principle of devices and their basic applications.

Course  An understanding of basic semiconductor device physics

Objective
 An understanding of the application of Field-Effect Transistors.

 An understanding of the application of Bipolar Junction Transistors.

Course On completion of the course, student would be able:

Outcomes
CO104C.1. To understand the basic properties of semiconductors including the band
gap, charge carrier concentration, doping and charge carrier injection/excitation.

CO104C.2. To understand how to find the Fermi energy level and carrier density in n-
type and p-type semiconductors.

CO104C.3. To understand basic properties of PN junctions and Metal-Semiconductor

junction.

CO104C.4. To understand the working, design and applications of various

semiconducting devices like rectifiers, clippers, LED, Solar cells.

CO104C.5. To understand the working, design, and applications of BJTs and FETs.

CO104C.6. To understand the working, design and applications of Operational

28 | P a g e
 Amplifier

COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each Unit

Semiconductors:

Energy Band and Charge Carriers: Energy bands in semiconductors,

Types of semiconductors: Intrinsic and extrinsic materials. Carrier
1 concentration: Fermi Level, Electron and hole concentration in 15
equilibrium, Temperature dependence of carrier concentration,
Compensation and charge neutrality. Conductivity and mobility:
Effect of temperature, Doping and high electric field, Hall Effect.

Junctions:

p-n junction and contact potential, Fermi levels, Space charge,

Reverse and Forward bias, Zener and Avalanche breakdown.
Capacitance of p-n junction, Diode Applications: Load-Line
Analysis, Series Diode Configurations, Parallel and Series-Parallel
2 15
Configurations (AND/OR Gates), Half-Wave Rectification, Full-
Wave Rectification, Clippers, Clampers. Network with a DC and AC
Source, LED, Solar cell and photodetectors,

Metal-Semiconductor contact: Rectifying contact and Ohmic

contact.

Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT):

Fundamentals of BJT, BJT Operation: Common-Base Configuration,

Common-Emitter Configuration, Common-Collector Configuration,
Limits of Operation, Minority carrier distribution, BJT DC Biasing:
Operating Point, Fixed-Bias Configuration, Emitter-Bias
3 15
Configuration, Voltage-Divider Bias Configuration, Collector
Feedback Configuration, Emitter-Follower Configuration,

Field Effect Transistors: JEFT: Construction and Characteristics

of JFETS, Transfer Characteristics, MOSFET: Depletion-Type
MOSFET, Enhancement-Type MOSFET, Transfer Characteristics.

Operational Amplifiers:
4
Differential amplifier (DA)- Basic circuit of differential amplifier
Operation of differential amplifier: Common-mode rejection ratio

29 | P a g e
 (CMRR), DC analysis of differential, Applications of OP-amp:
Inverting amplifier-Input and impedance of inverting amplifier,
Noninverting amplifier-Voltage follower, Effect of negative
feedback on OP-amp in feedback circuits, Summing amplifiers-
Applications of summing amp, OP-amp as integrators and
differentiators.

TEXT BOOKS

1. J.J. Cathey, Schaum's Outline of Electronic Devices and Circuits, McGraw Hill, New York, 2nd Edition
2002.
2. B. Streetman and S. Banerjee, Solid State Electronics, Prentice Hall India, New Delhi, 6th Edition, 2006.
3. Millman and Halkias, Integrated Electronics, McGraw Hill, New York, 2nd Edition 2009.
4. A.P. Malvino, Electronic Principles, McGraw, New Delhi, New York 7th, Edition, 2009.
5. J.H. Moore, C.C. Davis and M.A. Coplan, Building Scientific Apparatus, Addison Wesley, United
States, 4th Edition 2009.
6. R.L. Boylestad and L. Nashelsky, Electronics Devices and Circuit Theory, Prentice Hall of India, New
Delhi, 11th Edition, 2013.
7. P. Horowitz and W. Hill, The Art of Electronics, Cambridge University Press, 3rd Edition, 2015.

30 | P a g e
 LABORATORY I

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact

Version: subject: Hours per
Laboratory I Week: 12

Total
2022-24 Hours:
0 0 12 6 I (1st Year)
180

Subject Code: Applicable to Evaluatio 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: n Marks
105 CC 00126 CIE
M.Sc. Physics (Total
Marks: 70 Prerequisite of Course: None
100) Marks
TEE

Course The objective of the lab 1 is to train students to perform various experiments associated
Description with Electronics, Quantum physics, Waves mechanics and Spectroscopy. Students
assigned the general laboratory work will perform at least ten (10) experiments of the
above mentioned list of Physics experiments and further 8 experiments from the C
programming section.. Experiments of equal standard may be added. Workshop
soldering and designing of experiments should be included

 To give hands on experience to students for generating magnetic

field and measurement of various parameters.
Course
 To teach how temperature controlled oven works
Objectives
 To take measurements of current and voltage using various
equipment

After competition of this course, the students will be able to

Course CO105C.1. learn various Physics aspects by performing the experiments related to
Outcomes electronic devices, atomic and molecular physics, light wave, sound waves etc.

CO105C.2. Learn Error analysis

CO105C.3. Use excel for plotting graphs

31 | P a g e
 CO105C.4. to do C programming

COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of

Each Unit

1. Hall Effect
2. Four Probe Method to find band gap of semiconductor
3. Electron Spin Resonance
4. Frank-Hertz experiment
5. PN Junction characteristics
6. Solar cell characteristics
1
7. Velocity of ultrasonic wave in liquids
150
8. Characteristics of MOSFET
9. Diode as voltage regulator
10. Ionization potential of mercury
11. Planck’s constant using LED
12. Law of Malus
13. Zener diode characteristics

Introduction to C Programming:

1. Write a Program to calculate and display the volume of a

CUBE having its height, width and depth.
2. Write a C program to perform addition, subtraction, division
and multiplication of two numbers
3. Write a program to input two numbers and display the
maximum number.
4. Write a program to find the largest and smallest among three
entered numbers and also display whether the identified
largest/smallest number is even or odd.
2 30
5. Write a program to find the roots of quadratic equation.
6. Write a program to check whether the entered year is leap
year or not (a year is leap if it is divisible by 4 and divisible
by 100 or 400.)
7. Write a program to find the factorial of a number.
8. Write a program to check number is Armstrong or not.
9. Write a program to find GCD (greatest common divisor or
HCF) and LCM (least common multiple) of two numbers

10. Write a program to generate Fibonacci series.

32 | P a g e
 TEXT BOOKS

1. Worsnop and Flint, Experimental Physics, Little hampton Book Services Ltd, United Kingdom,
9th Edition, 1951.
2. A. C. Melissinos, J. Napolitano, Experiments in Modern Physics, Academic Press,
Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2nd Edition, 2003.
3. Lab manuals, prepared by faculty of the Department of Physics, 2018.

33 | P a g e
 Numerical Methods and Programming
Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact
Version: subject: Hours
Numerical per
2022-24 Methods and I (1st Year) Week: 4
Programming Total
2 1 2 4 Hours:
60=45+15
Subject Applicable to Evaluation 30 Examination Duration: 3
Code: SBS Programs: (Total CIE Mark hours
PHY 01 101 M.Sc. Marks: 100) s
GEC 2124 70 Prerequisite of Course: B.Sc.
TEE Mark With Mathematics.
s
Course This course teaches the students to solve basic problems of mathematics and
Description sciences with the help of an approximation and a computer.

To make the student

Course
 1) Understand basics of a Programming Language
Objectives  2) Aware of various Numerical methods.
 3) Able to create hypothetical data sets for Physical Systems.
 4) familiar with random sampling of large data sets.
Students will be able to learn :
CO101G.1 : to write a computer program in C.

Course CO101G.2 : the solutions of linear and non-linear equations along with
Outcomes solutions of simultaneous linear equations.

CO101G.3 : Numerical differentiation and integration.

CO101G.4 : Monte Carlo methods and its application to problems of physical

world.
COURSE SYLLABUS
Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each
Unit
C/C++:
Flow charts, Algorithms, Input and output statements, Control
1 15
statements, Arrays, Repetitive and logical structures,
Subroutines and functions.
Numerical Methods of Analysis:
2 15
Roots of a function, Solution of simulteneous linear
34 | P a g e
 equation, Interpolation and curve fitting, Numerical
differentiation and integration, Solution of ordinary
differential equations
Simulations I:
Generation of random numbers, Statistical tests of
3 15
randomness,, Monte-Carlo evaluation of integrals and Error
Analysis.

Simulations II :
4 Inhomogeneous distribution and Importance of datasampling, 15
Metropolis algorithm, Brownian motion as random walk
problem and its Monte-Carlo simulation.
TEXT BOOKS
1. S. S. M. Wong, Computational Methods in Physics and Engineering, World Scientific,
Singapore, 2nd Edition, 1997.
2. C. F. Gerald, Applied Numerical Analysis, Pearson/Addison Wesley, UK, 7th Edition,
2003.
3. Teukolsky, Vetterling and Flannery, Numerical Recipes: The Art of Scientific
Computing, Cambridge University Press, 3rd Edition 2007.
4. Landau and Binder, A Guide to Monte Carlo Simulations in Statistical Physics,
Cambridge University Press, 3rd Edition, 2013.
5. V. Rajaraman, Computer Oriented Numerical Methods, Prentice Hall of India, New
Delhi, 4th Edition, 2015.
6. V. Rajaraman, Computer Programming in FORTRAN 90/95, Prentice Hall of India, New
Delhi, 1st Edition, 2015.

35 | P a g e
 Modern Optics

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact

Version: subject: hours per
week: 3+1
Modern Optics
Total
2022-24 Hours:
3 1 0 4 I
60=45+15
(1st Year)

Subject Code: Applicable to Evalu 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: ation CIE Marks
102 GEC 3104 M.Sc. Physics
(Total 70 Prerequisite of Course: B.Sc.
Marks Marks with Physics
TEE
: 100)

Course The course has focus on the Geometrical and wave optics, thin films, Holography,
Description optical fiber, liquid crystals, LED and Photonic band gap crystals.

Course  To understand the fundamentals of optics.

Objectives  To impart knowledge about different physical phenomena.

 To update the students with the latest technologies.

After completion of this course, students would be able to:

Course CO102G.1. Understand the various physical phenomena & their real life applications.
Outcomes CO102G.2. Learn about the wave optics and holography.

CO102G.3. Get knowledge about the basics of Lasers.

CO102G.4. Learn about the fiber optics & LED.

COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each

Unit

36 | P a g e
 An overview of Geometrical and Wave Optics:

Laws of Reflection, Refraction, Total Internal Reflection; Ideas of

1 15
Interference, Diffraction, Polarization, Dispersion.

Fresnel Relations:

Conductors, Thin Films: Reflection Model, Matrix Formalism,

2 15
Coating Design, Fourier Optics: Wave Propagation, Fraunhofer
Diffraction, Fresnel Diffraction, Spatial Filtering, Holography and
Holograms.

Coherence, Interference and Visibility, Laser Physics:

Overview, Gain Saturation, Light-Atom Interactions, Optical Gain

3 and Pumping Schemes, Output Characteristics, Light Shifts and 15
Optical Forces, Atom-Photon interactions.

Fiber Optics:

4 Mode Analysis, Single mode and multimode optical fiber, Loss 15

and Dispersion, Photonics Band-gap Crystals, Liquid crystals,
Introduction of LED.

TEXT BOOKS

1. 1. A. E. Siegman, Lasers, University Science Book, USA,Revised Edition, 1986.

2. G. R. Fowles, Introduction to Modern Optics, Dover Publication, USA, 2nd Edition, 1989.
3. J. T. Verdeyen, Laser Electronics, Prentice-Hall, India,New Delhi, 3rd Edition, 1995.
4. E. Hecht, Optics, Addison Wesley, USA, 4th Edition, 2001.
5. Pedrotti,Introduction to Optics, Pearson UK, 3rd Edition, 2006.
6. B. E. A. Saleh and M. C. Teich, Fundamentals of Photonics, Wiley,United States, 2nd Edition, 2012.
7. A. Ghatak, Optics, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 6th Edition, 2017.

37 | P a g e
 Physics of Digital Photography

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact

Version: subject: hours per
week: 3+1
Physics of
Digital Total
2022-24 Photography Hours:
3 1 0 4 I (1st Year)
60=45+15

Subject Code: Applicable to Evaluation 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: Marks
103 GEC 3104 M.Sc. Physics (Total CI
Marks: 100) E

70 Prerequisite of Course: B.Sc.

Marks with Physics
TE
E

Course The aim of this course is to provide a theoretical overview of the photographic imaging
Description chain. The course is intended to serve as a link between imaging science and photographic
practice.

Course  To become proficient at the technical aspect of photographing with a digital

Objective camera.

 To develop and practice skills using digital photography tools and the Internet
including emailing and posting to a web site

 To develop the habit of looking closely at the visible world around you in order
to represent it in terms of aesthetics, beauty and truth. – To look at what you are
seeing and to see what you are looking at.

Course On completion of the course, student would be able:

Outcomes
CO103G.1. To understand the photographic optics & methods

CO103G.2. To understand the basic principle of photography

CO103G.3. To understand the theory of exposure

CO103G.4. To understand about the image quality

38 | P a g e
 COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each Unit

Fundamental optical formulae:

Image formation: Refraction, Gaussian optics, Lens refractive power,

Magnification, Focal length, Lens focusing movement

Field of view: Entrance and exit pupils, Chief and marginal rays,
1 Angular field of view, Field of view area, Focal-length multiplier, 15
Depth of field: Circle of confusion, Depth of field equations,
Hyperfocal distance, Focus and recompose limits, distortion,
Exposure: Photometry, Flux emitted into a cone, Relative aperture, f-
number, Working f-number, f-stop, Natural vignetting, Photometric
exposure, Exposure value, f-number for aplanatic lenses

History of photography:

Pinhole Camera, Camera Obscura, Normal Human Eye and Process

of Seeing-Human eye and camera, Camera principles: Compact
2 cameras and SLR’s - Working of SLR camera- Different image 15
sensors-CCD and CMOS. Angle of view- Different types of lenses-
normal lens, wide angle lens, fish eye lens, prime lens, telephoto lens.
Depth of Field-Shallow depth of field, large depth of field, Depth of
focus - circles of confusion

Exposure strategy :

Digital output, Sensor response, Colour, Digital output levels,

Dynamic range, Tonal range, Tone reproduction, Gamma, Tone
3 curves, Histograms, verage photometry, Reflected-light metering, 15
Average scene luminance, Exposure index, ISO speed, Standard
output sensitivity, Exposure modes: Metering modes, Exposure
compensation, Aperture priority (A or Av), Shutter priority (S or Tv),
Program mode (P), Manual mode (M)

Image quality :

Colour temperature, White balance, Color space, Lens MTF,

4 sharpness, Signal-to-noise ratio, Different Image capturing formats: 15
RAW, TIFF, JPEG, Storage Devices- SD card CF card, Principles
of Composition: Perspective - Space (Negative and Positive),
Directional lines-Golden Section and Rule of the Third, Colour

39 | P a g e
 Theory

TEXT BOOKS

1. Steven Heller, A History of Photography: From 1839 to the Present

2. Tom Ang, Photography: The Definitive Visual History
3. Todd Gustavson and George Eastman House, Camera: A History of Photography from
Daguerreotype to Digital by Understanding Exposure, Fourth Edition by BRYAN PETERSON.
4. DK, Digital Photography Complete Course Hardcover
5. Fil Hunter, Steven Biver and Paul Fuqua, Light Science & Magic: An Introduction to
Photographic Lighting by Understanding Color in Photography by Bryan Peterson.
6. Andy Rowland, Physics of Digital Photography by (IOP Publishing).

40 | P a g e
 RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES
Scheme Version: Name of the Subject: L T P C Semester: Contact
hours per
2022-24 Renewable Energy week: 3+1
Resources 3 1 0 4 I (1st Year) Total Hours:
60=45+15
Subject Code: Applicable to 30
SBS PHY 01 104 Programs: Evaluation CIE Examination Duration: 3 hours
Marks
GEC 2002 M.Sc. Physics (Total
Marks): 100 70 Pre-requisite of course: 10+2 with
TEE
Marks Non-Medical
Course To introduce the pattern of fuel consumption, energy demand, various renewable sources of energy and
Description modern applications.
Course Objectives  The course treats the basics of various renewable energy resources and energy generation
using different methods; it is suitable for students from interdisciplinary background.

Course On completion of this course, student will learn:

Outcomes:
CO104G.1 The Course will create awareness among students about Non-Conventional sources of energy
technologies and provide adequate inputs on a variety of issues.
CO104G.2 The Course will be introducing the students to all the aspects of PV technology. This will
enable them to understand the requirements for PV materials and PV systems for different applications.
CO104G.3 It creates awareness among students about wind and geothermal energy technologies and
provide adequate inputs on a variety of issues.
CO104G.4 To teach fundamentals of hydrogen energy as energy systems, production processes,storage,
utilization, and safety that is necessary for taking some important elective subjects.
CO104G.5 It increases the potential for job opportunities in automotive industries and hydrogen
production & its infrastructure development related sectors as about 40% energy is being consumed by
automotive sectors.
CO104G.6 To give an idea about different biomass and nuclear as energy source and their processing
and utilization for recovery of energy and other valuable products. A comprehensive knowledge of how
wastes are utilized for recovery of value would be immensely useful for the students from all
fields.
COURSE SYLLABUS
Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of
Each Unit
1. Energy Scenario and Solar Energy: 15
Global and Indian Energy Scenario and Energy Policy, Commercial and
Noncommercial Forms of Energy, Fossil Fuels, Renewable Sources, Impact of Energy
Systems on Environment, Need for use of New and Renewable Energy
Sources, Solar Thermal and Solar Photovoltaic Energy.
2. Wind and Geothermal Energy: 15
Wind Energy Basics- Global circulation, Forces influencing Wind - Pressure gradient
force and Coriolis force, Local and Regional Wind systems, Geothermal Tidal and
Wave Energy, Geothermal regions, geothermal sources, Geothermal energy
conversion technologies.

41 | P a g e
 3. Hydrogen Energy and Fuel cells: 15
Hydrogen Energy-production and storage, Production Processes: Thermo chemical
Water Splitting, Gasification, Pyrolysis methods. Electrochemical, Electrolysis, Photo
electro chemical. General storage methods, compressed storage, Zeolites, Metal
hydride storage, chemical hydride storage and cryogenic storage. Fuel cells-
Thermodynamics and performance of Fuel Cells, Its working, construction,
classifications and applications.
4. Biomass and Nuclear Energy: 15
Biomass Energy and application, Techniques for biomass assessment,
Thermochemical conversion of biomass, Mini/micro hydro power: classification of
hydropower schemes, Nuclear Energy: Fission, Fusion, Different type of nuclear
reactors, Nuclear waste disposal and environment measures.

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Solar Energy: S. P. Sukhatme, (Tata McGraw Hill).
2. Garg .H.P,Prakash .J, “Solar energy fundamentals and applications”, Tata McGraw Hill publishing Co. Ltd, 2006.
3. Xianguo Li, Principles of Fuel Cells, Taylor and Francis, 2005.
4. Fundamentals of Renewable Energy Processes, Aldo Vieira da Rosa, Elsevier Academic Press.
5. J Twidell and T Weir, Renewable Energy Resources, Taylor and Francis (Ed), New York, USA, 2006.
6. KC Khandelwal, SS Mahdi, Biogas Technology - A Practical Handbook, Tata McGraw Hill, 1986.
7. EH Lysen, Introduction to Wind Energy, CWD Report 82-1, Consultancy Services Wind Energy Developing
Countries, May 1983.
8. JG Collier and GF Hewitt, Introduction to Nuclear Power, Hemisphere Publishing, New York, 1987.

42 | P a g e
 STATISTICAL MECHANICS

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact

Version: subject: hours
Statistical per
Mechanics week:
2022-24 3+1
st
II (1 Year) Total
Hours:
3 1 0 4 60=45+15

Subject Code: Applicable to Evaluation CIE 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: Marks
201 CC 3104 M.Sc. Physics (Total Marks:
100) TEE 70 Prerequisite of Course:
Marks Graduation Level Quantum
Mechanics and Mathematical
Physics

Course This course is developed for understanding of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics,
Description which have broad and rich applicability in quantum mechanics, condensed matter
physics, classical mechanics and electrodynamics.

 To understand the fundamentals of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics

Course  To make familiar with various thermodynamical and statistical mechanics terms such
Objectives as entropy, free energy, phase space, statistical ensembles, Bose-Einsteinstatistics,
Fermi-Dirac statistics etc.

 To able the students for solve the problems related to thermodynamics and statistical
physics

At the end of this course, the students will be able to

CO201C.1. explain the various thermodynamical quantities and Maxwell’s relations

Course
CO201C.2 apply the thermodynamics in ideal gas, magnetic and dielectric materials
Outcomes
CO201C.3. describe various statistical approaches which describe systems of particles

CO201C.4. evaluate the formulae of random walk and diffusion equation

CO201C.5. compare microstates, macrostates, and statistical ensembles

43 | P a g e
 CO201C.6.understand the theories and mathematical approaches of statistical
ensembles, equipartition theorem and Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics

CO201C.7. illustatre the fundamental concepts of Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac

Statistics

CO201C.8. calculate the problems related to Bosons and Fermions

COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each

Unit

Review of Thermodynamics:

Extensive and intensive variables, laws of thermodynamics,

Entropy for Different Systems, Gibbs Paradox, Boltzmann Relation
1 for Entropy, Legendre Transformations and Thermodynamic 15
Potentials, Chemical Potential, Free Energy and Its Connection with
Thermodynamic Quantities, Maxwell Relations, Applications of
Thermodynamics to (a) Ideal Gas, (b) Magnetic Material, and (c)
Dielectric Material.

Statistical Methods and Description of Systems of Particles :

Binomial distribution, Poisson distribution, Gaussian distributions,

2 Central Limit Theorem, Random Walk and Brownian Motion, 15
Diffusion Equation, Phase Space, Liouville’s Theorem, Phase
Equilibrium, Microstates and Macrostates, Statistical Ensembles,
Irreversibility and the Attainment of Equilibrium

Classical Statistical Mechanics:

Micro-Canonical Ensemble, Canonical Ensemble: Derivation of

Partition Function and Thermodynamic Quantities; Mean Values
and Fluctuations, Grand Canonical Ensemble: Gibbs Factor; Gibbs
3 Distribution; Derivation of Partition Function and Thermodynamic 15
Quantities; Fluctuations in the Number of Particles, Applications
of Canonical and Grand Canonical Ensembles, Equipartition
Theorem and It’s Applications, Maxwell-Boltzmann Statistics.

Quantum Statistical Mechanics:

4 15
Bosons: Occupation Number; Bose-Einstein Statistics; Debye
Theory of Specific Heat; Grand partition function For Ideal Bose
44 | P a g e
 Gas; Black-Body Radiation; Bose-Einstein Condensation,
Fermions: Occupation Number; Fermi-Dirac Statistics; IdealFermi
gas, Pauli Paramagnetism, First and Second Order Phase
Transitions, Ising Model, Phase Equilibria: Equilibrium
Conditions; Simple Phase Diagrams; Clausius-Clapeyron
Equation.

TEXT BOOKS

1. F. Reif, Fundamental of Statistical and Thermal Physics, McGraw-Hill, USA, 1965.

2. L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, Statistical Physics, UK, 3rd Edition, 1980.

3. D. V. Schroeder, An Introduction to Thermal Physics, Addison Wesley Longman, UK, 2000.

4. J. P. Sethna, Statistical Mechanics: Entropy, Order Parameters and Complexity, Oxford University Press,
UK, 2006.

5. M. Kardar, Statistical Physics of Particles, Cambridge University Press, UK, 2007.

6. H. Gould and J. Tobochnik, Statistical and Thermal Physics: With Computer Applications, Princeton
University Press, USA, 2010.

7. K. Huang, Statistical Mechanics, Wiley, India, 2nd Edition, 2011.

8. R. K. Pathria and P. D. Beale, Statistical Mechanics, Academic Press, USA, 2011.

45 | P a g e
 Classical Electrodynamics

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact

Version subject: Hours per
: Week: 4
Classical
Electrodynamic
Total Hours:
s II
2022-24 60=45+15
3 1 0 4
(1st Year)

Subject Code: Applicable to Evaluation 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: Marks
202 CC 3104 M.Sc.Physics (Total CIE
Marks:100)
70 Prerequisite of Course: None
Marks
TEE

Course This course is designed for fundamental knowledge of basic electrodynamics and it’s
Descriptio applications to various phenomena.
n
Course  To evaluate fields and forces in Electrodynamics and Magneto dynamics using
Objectiv basic scientific method.
e
 To provide concepts of relativistic electrodynamics and its applications in
branches of Physical Sciences.

Course On completion of the course, student would be able:

Outcomes
CO202C.1. To understand the basics of electrostatics

CO202C.2. To use of Maxwell equations in analysing the electromagnetic field due to

time varying charge and current distribution.

CO202C.3. To describe the nature of electromagnetic wave and its propagation

through different media and interfaces.

46 | P a g e
 CO202C.4. The students will be able to analyze s radiation systems in which the
electricdipole, magnetic dipole or electric quadruple dominate.

CO202C.5. The students will have an understanding of the covariant formulation of

electrodynamics and the concept of retarded time for charges undergoing acceleration.

CO202C.6. To explain charged particle dynamics and radiation from localized time
varying electromagnetic sources.

COURSE SYLLABUS
Unit No. Content of EachUnit Hours of
EachUnit
Electrostatics :

Coulomb's law, Guass’s law, Poisson's equation, Laplace equation,

Green’s theorem, , Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions, Simple
1 boundary value problems illustrating various techniques such as method 15
of images, separation of variables, Green’s functions, Multipole
expansion. Electrostatics of dielectric media, multipole expansion of
energy of a charge distribution in an external field, Boundary value
problems with dielectrics; molecular polarisability, Clausius Mossotti
Relation, electrostatic energy in dielectric media.
Magnetostatics & Maxwell's Equations:

Biot-Savart law, Ampere’s Law, Vector potential, Magnetic Fields of a

Localized Current Distribution, Magnetic Moment , Force and Torque on
and Energy of a Localized Current Distribution in an External Magnetic
2 Induction, Singularity in dipole field, Fermi-contact term, Macroscopic 15
Equations, Boundary Conditions on В and H, Methods of Solving
Boundary-Value Problems in Magnetostatics, Uniformly Magnetized
Sphere, Magnetized Sphere in an External Field; Permanent Magnets,
Magnetic Shielding,
Maxwell's Displacement Current; Maxwell Equations, Vector and Scalar
Potentials, Gauge transformations, Lorentz and Coulomb gauges, Hertz
Potential, Time varying fields, Maxwell's equations in free space and
linear isotropic media (non conducting) boundary conditions on the fields
at interfaces. Poynting theorem, conservation laws for a system of
charged particles and electromagnetic field,
Electromagnetic Waves:

Electromagnetic waves in free space, dielectrics and conductors, skin

3 depth, Plane waves in a non conducting media, Reflection and refraction,
15
polarization, Fresnel’s law, Total internal Reflection: Stoke’s parameter,
Waves in rarefied plasma (ionosphere) and cold magneto-plasma,
47 | P a g e
 frequency dispersion in Dielectrics, Metals and Plasmas, dielectric
constant and anomalous dispersion, wave propagation in Ionosphere and
Magnetosphere, group velocity, metallic wave guides, Energy Flow
and Attenuation in Waveguides, Coaxial cable, Resonant Cavities, Power
Losses in a Cavity; Q of a Cavity, M, propagation modes in waveguides.
Radiation and Relativistic Electrodynamics:

Field of a localized oscillating source, fields and radiation in dipole and

quadrupole Fields, Centre-fed Linear Antenna, Non-relativistic motion in
uniform constant fields, Slowly varying magnetic field : Time varying
magnetic field, space varying magnetisc field, Adiabatic invariance of
4 flux through an orbit, magnetic mirroring. 15
Lorentz Transformation, Lorentz invariance of Maxwell’s equation.
Dynamics of charged particles in static and uniform electromagnetic
fields. Radiation- from moving charges and dipoles and retarded
potentials, Lienard-Wiechert potentials, Total power radiated by an
accelerated charge, Lorentz formula. Four-vectors relevant to
electrodynamics, electromagnetic field tensor and Maxwell's equations,
transformation of fields, fields of uniformly moving particles.

TEXT BOOKS
1. L.D. Landau and E.M. Lifshitz, Classical Theory of Electrodynamics, Butterworth-Heinemann. Germany,
4thEdition, 1987.
2. S.P. Puri , Classical Electrodynamics, Narosa Publishing House, 2011.
3. Melvin Schwartz, Principles of Electrodynamics, Dover Publications, UK, 1st Edition, 1987.
4. Walter Greiner, Classical Electrodynamics, Springer, Germany, 1st Edition, 1998.
5. J. Schwinger, L.L. Deraad Jr, K.A. Milton, W-Y. Tsai and J. Norton, Classical Electrodynamics,
WestviewPress, UK, 1998.
6. David J. Griffiths, Introduction to Electrodynamics, Benjamin Cummings, USA, 3rd Edition, 1999.
7. J.D. Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics, John Wiley & Sons, United States, 2nd Edition, 2003.
8. Charles A. Brau, Modern Problems in Classical Electrodynamics, Oxford University Press, 1st Edition,
2003.
9. L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz & L. P. Pitaevskii, Electrodynamics of Continuous Media Oxford, 1st
Edition,2005.
10. Wolfgang K. H. Panofsky and Melba Phillips, Classical Electricity and Magnetism, Dover Publications,
UK,2nd Edition, 2012.
11. Joseph Edminister, Schaum’s outline of electromagnetics, New Delhi, 2nd Edition, 2017.

48 | P a g e
 Mathematical Methods in Physics-II
Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact
Version: subject: Hours
Mathematical per
st
2022-24 Methods in II (1 Year) Week: 4
Physics-II Total
3 1 0 4 Hours:
60=45+15
Subject Applicable to Evaluation 30 Examination Duration: 3
Code: SBS Programs: (Total CIE Mark hours
PHY 01 203 M.Sc. Physics Marks: 100) s
CC 3104 70 Prerequisite of Course:
TEE Mark Mathematical Methods in
s Physics I
Course This course has been developed to introduce students to some topics of
Description mathematical Physics which are directly relevant in different subjects of M.Sc.
Physics. It includes Ordinary differential equation, special functions and
different transformation methods to solve differential equation.
To Make the students familiar with
Course
 Partial and Ordinary differential equations in Physics.
Objectives  Power series method of their solution and different polynomials
 Fourier Transfor and Laplace Transform as a tool to solve
differential equation.
On completion of the course, student would be able to:
Course CO203C.1 : to solve second order differential equation.
Outcomes CO203C.2 : to use the special function in Quantum mechanics and
electrodynamics
CO203C.3 : to perform Fourier transform on a given data set.
CO203C.4 : to perform Laplace transform on a given data set.
COURSE SYLLABUS
Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each
Unit
Second Order Differential Equations :
Separation of variables-ordinary differential equations,
1 singular points, series solutions leading to Legendre, Bessel, 15
Hermite, Laguerre functions as solutions. Orthogonal
properties and recurrence relations of these functions.
Special functions :

2 Spherical harmonics and associated Legendre polynomials. 15

Sturm -Liouville systems and orthogonal polynomials.
Wronskian linear independence and/ linear dependence.

49 | P a g e
 Fourier Transforms:
Fourier Transforms: Development of the Fourier integral from
the Fourier Series, Fourier and inverse Fourier transform,
3 15
Convolution theorem. Simple Applications: FTIR,
Telecommunication systems, Solution of partial differential
equation wave equation
Laplace Transforms:

Laplace transforms and their properties, Convolution

4 15
theorem, Application of Laplace transform in solving linear,
differential equations with constant coefficient, with variable
coefficient and linear partial differential equation.
TEXT BOOKS

1. Merle C. Potter and Jack Goldberg, Mathematical Methods, S. CHAND (Prentice Hall
of India), New Delhi, 2nd Edition, 1987.
2. Fredrick W. Byron and Robert W. Fuller, Mathematics of Classical and Quantum
Physics, Dover Publications, UK, Vol 1 &2, 1970.
3. George Arfken and Hans J Weber, Mathematical Methods for Physicists, Elsevier
Academic Press, Cambridge, 7th Edition, 2012.

4. L. A. Pipe, Applied Mathematics for Engineers and Physicists, Dover Publication

Inc. 2014.
5. E. Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, John Wiley & Sons, United States,
10th Edition, 2015,
6. K.F.Riley, M.P. Hobson, and S.J.Bence, Mathematical methods for Physicists and
Engineers, S. CHAND (Cambridge University Press), New Delhi, 3rd Edition, 2018.

7. V Balakrishnan: Mathematical Physics with Applications, Problems and Solutions;

Ane Books, 1st Edition, 2018.

50 | P a g e
 LABORATORY-II

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact

Version: subject: Hours per
Laboratory-II Week: 12

Total
2022-24 Hours:
st
0 0 12 6 II (1 Year)
180

Subject Code: Applicable to Evaluatio 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: n Marks
204 CC 00126 CIE
M.Sc. Physics (Total
Marks: 70 Prerequisite of Course: None
100) Marks
TEE

Course The aim & objective of the course is to impart the practical training on various
Description electronics devices such as; Op-Amp, Vibrators, Amplifiers, Michelson interferometer
etc. Students assigned the general laboratory work will perform at least twelve (12)
experiments from the above mentioned. More experiments of similar nature may be
added.

 To train students for various electronics experiments and take

measurements
Course
Objectives  To train students on various optical instruments like Spectrometer,
Michelson Interferometer

 To have hand on experiment for measurement of magnetoresistance

and dielectric constant.

After completion of this course, the students will be able to

CO204C.1. Understand spectral lines, grating spectra, and interference fringes

Course
Outcomes CO204C.2. Learn the characteristics of Op-Amp, vibrators, clipper, clampers, and
DA/ AD

CO204C.3. Use excel for plotting graphs

CO204C.4. Understand motion of temperature and magnetic field dependence of Hall

51 | P a g e
 coefficient.

COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of

Each Unit

1. Study of Balmer series and Rydberg constant

2. Op-Amp as inverting and non-inverting amplifier
3. Op-Amp as differentiator, Integrator and Adder
4. e/m by Thomson method
5. Single stage RC coupled amplifier
6. Frequency response of common emitter amplifier
7. Bistable/Monostable/Astable vibrators
1 8. Grating spectra 150
9. Refractive index of water and oil using prism
10. Magneto resistance
11. Temperature dependence of Hall coefficient
12. Digital to Analog converter, Analog to Digital converter
13. Michelson Interferometer
14. Faraday Effect
15. Clipper and clampers

1. Root finding of a polynomial equation using numerical methods

2. Solving first and second order differential equation numerical
2 methods 30
3. Numerical integration
4. Generating finite and infinite series

TEXT BOOKS

2. Worsnop and Flint, Experimental Physics, Little hampton Book Services Ltd, United Kingdom,
9th Edition, 1951.
3. A. C. Melissinos, J. Napolitano, Experiments in Modern Physics, Academic Press,
Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2nd Edition, 2003.
3. Lab manuals, prepared by faculty of the Department of Physics, 2018.

52 | P a g e
 QUANTUM MECHANICS - II

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact

Version: subject: hours per
Quantum week: 3+1
Mechanics –
II Total
2022-24
3 1 0 4 II (1st Year) Hours:
60=45+15

Subject Code: Applicable Evaluatio 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours

SBS PHY 01 to n CIE Marks
201 DCEC 3104 Programs:
M.Sc. (Total 70 Prerequisite of Course:
Physics Marks: Marks Quantum Mechanics-I
TEE
100)

Course This course is designed to understand some advanced topics such as symmetries,
Description identical particles, approximation methods and relativity in quantum mechanics, which
has broad and rich applicability in condensed matter physics, atomic and molecular
physics, nuclear physics, space science, and chemistry.

 To make familiar with various advanced topics of quantum mechanics such as

symmetries and conservation laws, fermions and bosons, time independent and
time dependent perturbation theories, variational and WKB methods, scattering
Course
theory, delta function and relativistic theory
Objectives
 To aware the students about applications of advanced phenomena of quantum
mechanics in physical, mathematical and chemical sciences

After completion of this course, students will be able to

CO201D.1. understand the concepts of symmetries, conservation laws, bosons and

Course fermions in
Outcomes quantum mechanics

CO201D.2. apply symmetries and conservation laws in various quantum mechanical

problems

CO201D.3. illustatre the time independent and time dependent perturbation theories,
the

53 | P a g e
 variational and WKB methods

CO201D.4. describe the fine structure and Zeeman effect phenomena

CO201D.5. explain the basics of scattering theory

CO201D.6. apply the delta function’s properties in various quantum mechanical

problems

CO201D.7. understand the basics of relativistic quantum mechanics

CO201D.8. recognize the importance and applications of relativistic quantum

mechanics

COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of

Each Unit

Symmetries, Conservation Laws & Identical Particles

Transformation in space, The Translation Operator, Translation

Symmetry, Conservation Laws, Parity: Parity in One & Three
1 Dimensions; Parity Selection Rules, Rotational Symmetry, 15
Degeneracy, Rotational Selection Rules, Many Particle Systems,
Systems of Identical Particles, The Helium Atom, The Pauli
Exclusion Principle.

Approximation Methods

Time Independent Perturbation Theory: Nondegenerate Perturbation

2 Theory; Degenerate Perturbation Theory; Fine Structure; The Zeeman 15
Effect, The Variational Method, The WKB method, Time Dependent
Perturbation Theory, Adiabatic & SuddenApproximations.

Scattering Theory & The Delta Function

Differential cross-section, scattering of a wave packet, integral

3 equation for the scattering amplitude, Born approximation, method 15
of partial waves, low energy scattering and bound states, resonance
scattering, The Delta Function: One Dimensional Delta Function and
Three Dimensional Delta Function.

Relativistic Quantum Mechanics

4 15
Klein-Gordon equation, Dirac equation, Probability and Current

54 | P a g e
 Density, Plane Wave Solutions, Symmetries of the Dirac equation,
Dirac’s Equation for a Central Potential, Covariance of Dirac’s
Equation, Relativistic Hydrogen Atom Problem, The Hole Theory and
Positrons.

TEXT BOOKS

1. L. D. Landau and E.M. Lifshitz, Quantum Mechanics, Butterworth Heinemann, The Netherlands, 3rd
Edition, 1981.

2. P. A. M. Dirac, The Principles of Quantum Mechanics, Oxford University Press, UK, 4th Edition, 1988.

3. R. Shankar, Principles of Quantum Mechanics, Springer, Germany, 2nd Edition, 1994.

4. N. Zettili, Quantum Mechanics: Concepts and Applications, Wiley, USA, 2nd Edition, 2009.

5. J. J. Sakurai, Modern Quantum Mechanics, Pearson, India, 2nd Edition, 2013.

6. L. I. Schiff, Quantum Mechanics, McGraw Hill Education, USA, 4th Edition, 2017.

7. D. J. Griffiths, Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, Cambridge University Press, UK, 3rd Edition, 2018.

8. C. Cohen-Tannoudji, B. Diu, and F. Laloe, Quantum Mechanics, Volume 1: Basic Concepts, Tools, and
Applications, Wiley, USA, 2nd Edition, 2019.

55 | P a g e
 Introduction to Astronomy and Astrophysics

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact

Version: subject: Hours
Introduction per
2022-24 to Astronomy II (1st Year) Week: 4
and Total
Astrophysics 3 1 0 4 Hours:
60=45+15
Subject Applicable to Evaluation 30 Examination
Code: SBS Programs: (Total CIE Marks Duration: 3hours
PHY 01 202 M.Sc. Physics Marks: 100)
DCEC 3104 70 Prerequisite:
TEE Marks General
Mathematics
Course To make the students aware about different theoretical and observational
Description technique adopted in understanding astrophysics and astronomy

The objective of this course is to make the students

Course
 Understand coordinate systems in Astronomy
Objectives  Understand the Sun
 Understand Binary stars.
 Understand stellar distances
On completion of the course, student would be able to :
Course CO202D.1 : differentiate between various coordinate systems
Outcomes CO202D.2 : know about the characteristics of Sun
CO202D.3 : Know about Binary stars and their motions
CO202D.4 : Know about stellar distances and other properties
COURSE SYLLABUS
Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each
Unit
Observational Data:
Astronomical Coordinates- Celestial Sphere, Horizon,
Equatorial, Ecliptic and galactic system of coordinates,
Conversion from one coordinate system to another. Aspects of
sky from different places on the earth. Twilight, Seasons,
1 15
Sidereal. Apparent and Mean solar time and their relations.
Calendar. Julian date and heliocentric correction.
Determination of Mass, luminosity, radius, temperature and
distance of a star, H-R Diagram, Empirical mass-luminosity
relation.

56 | P a g e
 Stellar Distances and Magnitudes :
Distances of stars from the trigonometric, secular and
moving cluster parallaxes. Stellar
motions. Magnitude scale and magnitude systems.
2 Atmospheric extinction. Absolute 15
magnitudes and distance modulus. Colour index. Black-body
approximation to the continuous
radiation and temperatures of stars. Variable stars as distance
indicators.
Binaries and Variable Stars :
Visual, spectroscopic and eclipsing binaries. Importance of
binary stars as source of basic
3 astrophysical data. Classification and properties of various 15
types of intrinsic and eruptive
variable stars. Astrophysical importance of the study of
variable stars. Novae and Supernovae.
Sun :
Physical Characteristic of Sun – Basic data, solar rotation,
solar magnetic fields, Photosphere- granulation, sun-spots,
4 15
Babcock model of sunspot formation, solar atmosphere-
chromospheres and corona, Solar activity – flares,
prominences, Solar wind, activity cycle, Helioseismology
TEXT BOOKS
1. W.M.Smart: Text book of Spherical Astronomy, Cambridge University Press; 6th edition,
1977
2. M. Zeilik, Astronomy, The evolving Universe, Cambridge University Press , 1st Edition,
2002.
3. P.V. Foukal, Solar Astrophysics , Wiley-VCH, United States, 1st Edition, 2004.

4. I. Morrison, Introduction to Astronomy and Cosmology, Wiley, United States, 1st Edition,
2008

57 | P a g e
 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOLAR ENERGY
Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact
Version: Subject: hours per
week: 3+1
Fundamentals of
Solar Energy
2022-24 3 1 0 4 II (1st Year) Total
Hours:
60=45+15
Subject Code: Applicable to 30 Examination Duration: 3
CIE
Programs: Marks hours
SBS PHY 01
203 DCEC 3104 M.Sc. Physics Evaluation Pre-requisite of course:There
(Total is no prerequisite orco-requisite
Marks): 100 70 for this course. But students
TEE
Marks are expected to know basic
semiconductor physics.

Course The course is intended for students who have interest in alternate energy sources as a
Description contributor to sustainability. It provides a comprehensive treatise on the science and
technology of solar energy, its collection and the design principles that need to be
understood for its effective use in a variety of installations and uses.

Course  The Course will be introducing the students to all the aspects of PV technology.
Objectives  To develop basic understanding related to fabrication ad characterization of
different types of solar cells.
 To know state of art in the field of solar cells materials and solar cells.

Course On completion of this course, student will learn:

Outcomes:
CO203.1 The available solar energy and the current solar energy conversion and utilization
processes, solar spectrum.

CO203.2 The factors that influence the use of solar radiation as an energy source.

CO203.3 The various active and passive technologies that are available for collecting solar
energy; have the ability to apply design principles to selection of an appropriate solar
energy installation to meet requirements.

CO203.4 How solar cells convert light into electricity, how solar cells are manufactured,
how solar cells are evaluated.

CO203.5 What technologies are currently on the market, and how to evaluate the risk

58 | P a g e
 and potential of existing and emerging solar cell technologies.

CO203.6 To examine the potential & drawbacks of currently manufactured technologies,

as well as pre-commercial technologies. How to enhance solar cell performance and reduce
cost, and the major hurdles-technological and economic, towards widespread adoption.

COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each Unit

1. Solar Radiation: origin, solar constant, spectral distribution 15

of solar radiation, absorption of solar radiation in the
atmosphere, global and diffused radiation, seasonal and daily
variation of solar radiation, measurement of solar radiation,
sun tracking systems, photo thermal conversion, solar energy
collectors, collector efficiency and its dependence on various
parameters.

2. Solar energy: 15

storage of solar energy, solar pond, solar water heater, solar

distillation, solar cooker, solar green houses, solar dryers,
absorption air conditioning. solar fuels: electrolysis of water,
photoelectrochemical splitting of water.

3. Fundamentals of solar cells: 15

Photo voltaic effect, semiconductor properties, energy levels,

basic equations, p-n junction its characteristics, fabrication
steps, thermal equilibrium condition, depletion capacitance,
junction breakdown, heterojunction. Silicon based solar cells:
single crystal, polycrystalline and amorphous silicon solar
cells.

4. Device physics: 15

Solar cell device structures, construction, output power,

efficiency, fill factor and optimization for maximum power,
surface structures for maximum light absorption, current
voltage characteristics in dark and light, operatingtemperature
vs conversion efficiency, charge carrier generation,
recombination and other losses. Cadmium
telluride solar cells, copper indium gallium selenide solar

59 | P a g e
 cells, organic solar cells, perovskite solar cells, Advanced
concepts in photovoltaic research.

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. S P Sukhatme, Solar Energy: Principles of Thermal Collection and Storage, Tata McGraw Hill,
1996.
2. Solid State Electronic Devices, Ben. G. Streetman, S. K. Banerjee, PHI Leaning Pvt. Ltd, 2000.
3. D. Yogi Goswami, Frank Kreith, Jan F. Kreider, Principles of Solar Engineering, Taylor and
Francis, 2000.
4. Jasprit Singh, Semiconductor Devices, Basic Principles, Wiley, 2001
5. Stephen J.Fonash, Solar Cell Device Physics, 2nd edition, Academic Press, 2003.
6. H P Garg, J Prakash, Solar energy fundamentals and applications, Tata McGraw Hill publishing Co.
Ltd, 2006.

60 | P a g e
 Accelerator Physics

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact

Version: subject: hours per
week: 3+1
Accelerator
Physics Total
2022-24
3 1 0 4 II (1 Year) Hours:
st

60=45+15

Subject Code: Applicable to Evaluation 30 Examination Duration:3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: CIE Marks
204 DCEC M.Sc. Physics (Total
3104 Marks: 100) 70 Prerequisite of Course: Nuclear
TEE Marks Physics, Electrodynamics,
Quantum mechanics

Course This course is intended to expose the students to theoretical design and usage of various
Description particle accelerators.

 To understand the beam optics.

Course
Objectives  Get knowledge about different types of accelerators

 To understand the main features of superconducting cyclotron, linear accelerators

and high energy accelerators.

After completion of this course, students would be able to:

CO204D.1. Understand the beam optics & beam transport system.

Course CO204D.2. About various theoretical techniques to accelerate particles and technical
Outcomes details of electrostatic accelerators.

CO204D.3. Get knowledge about latest accelerator technology based on Rf cavities.

CO204D.4. About Synchrotron Radiations & production of radioactive ion beams.

61 | P a g e
 COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each

Unit

Charged Particle Dynamics:

Particle motion in electric and magnetic fields, Beam transport

1 system, Beam pulsing and bunching techniques, microbeams, 15
Particle and ion sources, secondary beams, Measurement of beam
parameters.

Electrostatic and Heavy Ion Accelerators:

Van de Graaff voltage generator, Cockcroft-Walton voltage

generator, insulating column, voltage measurement, Acceleration
2 15
of heavy ions, Tandem electrostatic accelerator, Production of
heavy negative ions, Pelletron and Tandetron, Cluster beams.

Radiofrequency Accelerators:

Linear accelerators - Resonance acceleration and phase stability,

electron and proton Linacs, Superconducting Heavy Ion Linear
3 Accelerators. Circular accelerators- Cyclotron, Frequency 15
Modulated Synchrocyclotron, AVF Cyclotron, Alternating-
gradient accelerators.

Synchrotron Radiation Sources:

Electromagnetic radiation from relativistic electron beams, Electron

4 synchrotron, Characteristics of synchrotron radiation. Production of 15
Radioactive ion beams, Polarized beams, Proton synchrotron,
Colliding accelerators.

TEXT BOOKS

1. M.S. Livingston and J.P. Blewel, Particle Accelerators, McGraw-Hill Book Press, 1962.

2. Ed. J. Cerny, Nuclear Spectroscopy and Reactions Part-A, Academic Press, 1974.

3. H.J. Wiedman, Particle Accelerator Physics, Vol I and II, Springer Verlag, 1998.

4. S. Y. Lee, Accelerator Physics, World Scientific, Singapore, 2004

62 | P a g e
63 | P a g e
 Radiation Physics

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact

Version: subject: hours per
week: 3+1
Radiation
Physics Total
2022-24 Hours:
3 1 0 4 II (1st Year)
60=45+15

Subject Code: Applicable to Evaluation 30 Examination Duration:3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: CIE Marks
205 DCEC M.Sc. Physics (Total
3104 Marks: 100) 70 Prerequisite of Course: Nuclear
TEE Marks Physics, Electrodynamics,
Quantum mechanics

Course To impart knowledge in depth about nuclear radiation, its detection, nuclear
Description spectrometry and related aspects

 To aware the students about the various type of nuclear radiations and their
Course interaction with matter
Objectives
 To learn various techniques for detection of radiations

 To study the nuclear spectrometry

After completion of this course, students would be able to:

CO205D.1. Understand nuclear radiation and its detection procedure, nuclear

Course
spectrometry.
Outcomes
CO205D.2. Know applications of nuclear spectrometry

CO205D.3. Know how to solve problems related to safety aspect of nuclear radiation

CO205D.4 Understand the nuclear spectroscopy and basics of nuclear medicine.

COURSE SYLLABUS

64 | P a g e
 Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each
Unit

Interaction of Nuclear Radiations:

Origin and energy spectra, Brief discussion of interactions of

1 gamma rays, Electron and heavy charged particles with matter, 15
Different types of neutron sources, Interaction of neutron with
matter, Neutron detectors.

Nuclear Radiation Detector:

Gas filled detectors; Ionization chamber, Proportional

counter and GM counter, Scintillation detector,
2 semiconductor detector for X-rays, gamma rays and charged 15
particle detection, Radiation exposure, Biological effects of
radiation, radiation monitoring

Nuclear Spectrometry and Applications:

Analysis of nuclear spectrometric data, measurement of nuclear

3 energy levels, spins, parities, moments, internal conversion 15
coefficients, Angular correlation, Perturbed angular correlation,
measurement of g-factor and hyperfine fields.

Mossbauer Effect:

Positron annihilation, particle and photon induced x-ray emission,

4 Elemental concentration analysis by charged particles and neutron 15
activation analysis, Diagnostic nuclear medicine, Therapeutic
nuclear medicine.

TEXT BOOKS

1. Knoll G. F., Radiation Detection and Measurement, John Wiley & Sons, 1989.
2. Singuru R. M., Introduction to experimental nuclear physics, Wiley Eastern Publications,
1987.
3. Muraleedhara V. Nuclear radiation Detection, measurement and Analysis, Narosa
Publishing House, 2009.

65 | P a g e
66 | P a g e
 Computational Physics

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact

Version: subject: hours per
week: 3+1
Computational
Physics Total
2022-24
3 1 0 4 II (1st Year) Hours:
60=45+15

Subject Code: Applicable to Evaluation 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: Marks
206 DCEC M.Sc. Physics (Total CIE
3104 Marks:
100) 70 Prerequisite of Course: None
Marks
TEE

Course The objective of the course is to train the students for various computational
Description techniques to solve integration, differentiation and molecular dynamics
simulation techniques.
Course  To train students for computer programming
Objective  To make students familiar with simulation techniques
 To train students for executing many body problems related computer programs
Course On completion of the course, student would be able:
Outcomes
 computations techniques to solve various differential equations
 the computational integration
 the molecular simulations and optimization techniques.

COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each Unit

Stochastic Processes:

Theory of random walks and simulation of random walks in one, two

1 and three dimensions. Elementary ideas and simulations of self- 15
avoiding walks, additive and multiplicative stochastic processes,
Brownian motion and fractional Brownian motion.

67 | P a g e
 Numerical Integration and Stochastic Differential Equations:
2 Dynamical equations, Finite Difference Method, Langevin 15
dynamics, TDGL equation, Cahn-Hilliard equation, Burgers’
equation, KPZ model, Traffic Flow Dynamics.
Molecular Dynamics (MD) and Monte Carlo (MC) Simulations:

Elementary ideas of molecular dynamics simulation, Physical

potentials, Verlet algorithm. Time average and Ensemble average,
3 15
Monte Carlo methods, Metropolis algorithm. Application of Monte-
carlo simulations: (a) Ising model in magnetism (b) Glauber and
Kawasaki dynamics.

Combinatorial Optimization Problems:

Classification of problems; examples of optimizationproblems:

traveling salesman problem (TSP) and satisfiability (k-SAT)
problem; heuristic methods of solutions and simulated
annealing technique.

Computational experiments using computer programming

1. Finite and infinite series

2. Root finding: (bisection, Secant and Newton-Raphson
methods),
3. Solving first and second order ordinary differential
equations including simultaneous, equations (Euler and
Runge-Kutta methods)
4 4. Numerical integration (trapezoidal, Simpson, Gauss 15
quadrature, methods)
5. Matrices (arrays of variable sizes, addition,
multiplication, eigenvalues, eigenvectors,
inversion, solutions of simultaneous equations)
6. To determine Wien’s constant using bisection method and
false position method.

7. To solve Kepler’s equation by Newton-Raphson method.

8. To solve van der Waals gas equation for volume of a

real gas by the method of successive approximation.

9. To interpolate a real data set from an experiment using

the Lagrange’s method, and Newton’s method of
forward differences and cubic splines.
10. To fit the Einstein’s photoelectric equation to a

68 | P a g e
 realistic data set and hence calculate Planck’s constant.
To estimate the value of π by rectangular method,
Simpson rule and Gauss quadrature by numerically
evaluating suitable integral.
11. To find the area of a unit circle by Monte Carlo
integration.
12. To simulate Buffen’s needle experiment.
13. To simulate the random walk.
14. To study the motion of an artificial satellite by solving
Newton’s equation for its orbit using Euler method.
15. To study the growth and decay of current in RL circuit
containing (a) DC source and (b) AC using Runge
Kutta method, and to draw graphs between current and
time in each case.
16. To study the motion of two coupled harmonic oscillators.

TEXT BOOKS

1. V. Rajaraman, Computer Oriented Numerical Methods, Prentice Hall of India, 3rd Edition,
1993.
2. V. Rajaraman, Computer Programming in FORTRAN 90/95, Prentice Hall of India, 1st
Edition,1997.
3. D. Frenkel & B. Smit, Understanding Molecular Simulation, Academic Press,2nd
Edition,2001.
4. M. Plischke & B. Bergersen, Equilibrium Statistical Physics, World Scientific, 3rd Edition,
2006.
1. W.H. Press, B.P. Flannery, S.A. Teukolsky and W.T. Vetterling, Numerical Recipes in
C/C++: The Art of Scientific Computing, Cambridge University Press, 3rd Edition, 2007.
2. M. P. Allen, Computer Simulation of Liquids, Oxford University Press,2nd Edition , 2017.

3. Kurt Binder and Heerman, Monte Carlo Simulation in Statistical Physics,Springer,6th

Edition,2019.

69 | P a g e
 Analog Electronics

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact

Version: subject: hours per
week: 3+1
Analog
Electronics Total
2022-24
3 1 0 4 II (1st Year) Hours:
60=45+15

Subject Code: Applicable to Evaluatio 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: n Marks
207 DCEC M.Sc. Physics CIE
3104 (Total
Marks: 70 Prerequisite of Course: None
100) Marks
TEE

Course This course covers the design, construction, and operation of analog electronic circuits.
Description The main contents are: the basic principles of operation, terminal characteristics, and
equivalent circuit models for diodes, transistors, and op-amps. Frequency response of
cascaded amplifiers and gain-bandwidth considerations. Concepts of feedback, stability
and frequency compensation.

Course  To introduce students to entire circuit designs

Objective
 To provide in-depth theoretical base of Digital Electronics

Course On completion of the course, student would be able:

Outcomes
CO207D.1. To understand the techniques to shape of signals.

CO207D.2 To understand the principle of multivibrators

CO207D.3 To understand basic properties of analog systems

CO207D.4 To understand the fundamental designing concepts of different types of

Logic Gates, Minimization techniques etc.

COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each Unit

1 Linear Wave Shaping : 15

70 | P a g e
 High Pass RC circuits: Its response to step, Pulse, Square wave,
Ramp, exponential waveforms, Low pass RC Circuit: Its response
to step, pulse, Square wave, Ramp, Exponential wave forms, Its
application as an integrator. Attenuators, Time base Signal in a
CRO. Operation of Clamping Circuits, Clamping Circuit theorem,
Practical Clamping Circuit theorem, Operation of Transistor as a
switch.

Clipping and Switching Circuits: Diode Clippers, Combinational

and Biased clippers Transistor Clippers, Comparators, Applications
of Voltage Comparators.

Multivibrators :

A bistable multivibrator-basic concepts of its operation.

Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical triggering, Application (brief).
2 Monostable Multivibrator, Basic concepts of its operation, 15
quantitative discussion of Quasi stable state, Application, Astable
multivibrator - basic concepts of operation. Quantitative discussion
of the period of oscillation, Application.

Analog Systems:

Operational Amplifier, Differential Amplifier, Transfer

Characteristics, Frequency Characteristics, IC Operational
3 Amplifier, Compensation in Operational Amplifiers, Application 15
of OP-AMP as adder, Multiplier, Differentiator, Integrator, Log and
Antilog Amplifier, Application of Operational Amplifier to
analogue computation.

Logic Systems:

Basic Concepts of dc positive and negative logic systems, Dynamic

logic systems, OR gate and AND gate, NOT gate, NAND gate, EX-
4 OR gate, NOR gate & their applications, Response to input pulse 15
operation. TTL (transistor transistor logic) and DTL (diode
transistor logic) logics Binary Adders, Half adders and full adders,
Multiplexing and demultiplexing.

TEXT BOOKS

1. P. Horowitz and W. Hill, The Art of Electronics, Cambridge University Press, 2nd Edition, 1989.
2. J.J. Cathey, Schaum's Outline of Electronic Devices and Circuits, McGraw Hill Education, New York, 2nd
Edition, 2002.
3. R.L. Boylestad and L. Nashelsky, Electronics Devices and Circuit Theory, Prentice Hall of India, New
Delhi, 8th Edition 2003.
4. A.P. Malvino, Electronic Principles, Tata McGraw, New Delhi, 7th Edition, 2009.
5. J.H. Moore, C.C. Davis and M.A. Coplan, Building Scientific Apparatus, Cambridge University Press,
4th Edition 2009.
71 | P a g e
 6. W. Kleitz, Digital Electronics, A Practical Approach, Pearson, UK, 9th Edition 2011.
7. R. J. Tocci, Digital Systems-Principles and Applications, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 10 th Edition
2013.
8. Millman and Halkias, Integrated Electronics, McGraw Hill, New York, 2nd Edition, 2017.

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 Environmental Physics
Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact
Version: subject: hours per
week: 3+1
Environmental
Physics Total
2022-24
3 1 0 4 II (1st Year) Hours:
60=45+15

Subject Code: Applicable to Evaluation 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: Marks
201 GEC 3104 M.Sc. Physics (Total CIE
Marks:
100) 70 Prerequisite of Course: 10+2
Marks with Science
TEE

Course This course aims to introduce students to the application of core physical concepts of the
Description Earth system, with special focus on: atmospheric radiation, greenhouse gases, pollution,
and climate change. This course will demonstrate how physics is fundamental to
understand natural and human influences on climate and atmospheric composition.

Course  To understand the broad scope of problems to which the principles of

Objective environmental physics can be applied and to appreciate the commonalities that
exist among widely varying systems;

 To develop problem solving abilities and a critical, practical awareness ofglobal

environmental change.

Course On completion of the course, student would be able:

Outcomes
CO202G.1. To understand the concepts like energy transformations and various
forms of energy, climate change and its effect on living beings

CO202G.2. To understand the concepts like thermodynamics and its applications to

various energy transformation processes:

CO202G.3. To develop an awareness of climate change and its effects

CO202G.4. To develop an awareness of different fossil fuels and their alternatives

COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each Unit

73 | P a g e
 Introduction to Energy:
Importance of energy in science and society. Types of energy
(mechanical, heat, chemical, nuclear, electrical). Law of
1 15
conservation of energy. Energy transformations. Mechanical
energy: force, work, kinetic and potential energy, PE diagrams,
conservation of mechanical energy, bound systems. Electricity
Basics.
Heat Energy and Kinetic Theory
Heat and Tem:perature. Internal Energy, Specific Heat. Ideal
gas equation. Kinetic theory interpretation of pressure and
temperature. Work, heat, and the first law of thermodynamics.
2 15
Adiabatic lapse rate. Radiant energy. Blackbody radiation.Heat
engines and the second law of thermodynamics. TheCarnot
cycle. Applications of the second law to various energy
transformation processes: heat pumps and
refrigerators; different engine cycles. Entropy and disorder.
Energy and Climate Change:
Energy balance of the Earth. Greenhouse effect. Climate
3 15
feedbacks (water, clouds, ice albedo). Global Climate Models.
Evidence for climate change. Paleo-climate. Climate change
impacts. Climate change mitigation. Target CO2 levels.
Energy Source [Course Outcome(s):
Chemical energy. Energy in biology, photosynthesis,
respiration. Energy use in the human body, energy content of
4 food. Fossil fuels and their origin (coal, oil, natural gas).
Problems with fossil fuels, greenhouse pollution, peak oil.
Alternatives to fossil fuels. Alternative energy resource: Wind
energy, energy from water on land, ocean energy. Biomass and
other sources.
TEXT BOOKS

1. Sol Wieder, An Introduction of Solar Energy for scientists and Engineers, John Wiley, United
States, 1st Edition, 1982.
2. J.T. Widell and J. Weir, Renewable Energy Resources, Elbs, 1st Edition, 1988.
3. R.N. Keshavamurthy and M. Shankar Rao, The Physics of Monsoons, Allied Publishers, New
Delhi, 1st Edition, 1992.
4. Landau & Lifshitz, Fluid Mechanics, Pergamon Press, UK, 2nd Edition, 2000.
5. Egbert Boeker & Rienk Van Groundelle, Environmental Physics, John Wiley, United States,
2nd Edition, 2000.
6. J.T. Hougtyion, The Physics of Atmosphere, Cambridge University Press, 3rd Edition, 2002.
7. C. W. Rose, An Introduction to the Environmental Physics of Soil, Water and Watersheds,
Cambridge University Press, 1st Edition, 2004.
8. R. A. Hinrichs and M. Kleinbach, Energy, Its Use and the Environment, Brooks Cole, Stanford
University Press, 4th Edition, 2005.

74 | P a g e
 9. P. Hughes, N. J. Mason, Introduction to Environmental Physics: Planet Earth, Life and Climate,
Taylor & Francis, France, 1st Edition, 2005.
10. J. Monteith and M. Unsworth, Principles of Environmental Physics: Plants, Animals and the
Atmosphere, Elsevier, 4th Edition, Europe, 2013.
11. K.L. Kumar, Engineering Fluid Mechanics, S. Chand, New Delhi, 4th Edition, 2016.

75 | P a g e
 Introduction to Latex and Scilab

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester:

Contact
Version: subject: Hours
per
2022-24 Introduction st
II (1 Year) Week: 6
to Latex and
2 0 4 4 Total
Scilab
Hours:
60=45+15
Subject Applicable to Evaluation 30 Examination Duration: 3
Code: SBS Programs: All (Total CIE Marks Hours
PHY 01 202 Masters/ Marks: 100)
GEC 2044 Bachelors 70 Prerequisite: 10+2 with Non-
Program TEE Marks Medical

Course To impart knowledge to student about different tools used in writing

Description scientific/non-scientific literature.

Course Write beautifully presentable documents using Latex.

Objectives

On completion of the course, student would be able to:

CO202G.1 :Write CV, documents, books and reports.
CO202G.2 : Write mathematical formulae using simple commands.
Course CO202G.3 : Produce fonts in different languages like Roman and Greek.
Outcomes CO202G.4 : Write Thesis and seminar presentations using latex
CO202G.5 : Tell the advantages of LaTeX & Scilab over other more
traditionalsoftwares.
CO202G.6 : install and use MikTeX and Scilab.
CO202G.7 : List Scilab & LaTeX compatible operating systems.
CO202G.8 : Explain how to obtain LaTeX or Scilab
COURSE SYLLABUS
Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each
Unit
1 Installation of the software LaTeX 15
Understanding Latex compilation
Basic Syntex, Writing equations, Matrix, Tables
Page Layout – Titles, Abstract Chapters, Sections, Referrences,
Equation references, citation.
List making environments
Table of contents, Generating new commands, Figure handling
numbering, List of figures, List of tables, Generating index

76 | P a g e
 Packages: Geometry, Hyperref, amsmath, amssymb, algorithms,
2 algorithmic graphic, color, tilez listing; Classes: article, book, 15
report, beamer, slides; Applications to: Writing Resumae Writing
question paper; Writing articles/ research papersPresentation
using beamer.Theory, Practical and exercises based on the above
concepts.

3 Installation of the softwareScilab. 15

Basic syntax, Mathematical Operators, Predefined constants,
Built in functions.
Complex numbers, Polynomials, Vectors, Matrix.
Handling these data structures using built in functions
rogramming
 Functions
 Loops
 Conditional statements
 Handling .sci files
 Installation of additional packages
4 Graphics handling 15

77 | P a g e
 2D, 3D
- Generating .jpg files
1. Function plotting
2. Data plotting
3. Applications

4. Numerical Linear Algebra (Solving linear equations,

eigen values atc.)
5. Numerical Analysis – iterative methods
ODE – Blotting solution curves
Comparison with C / C++/
Matlab

Text Books
1. Helmut Kopka & Patrick W. Daly,Guide to LATEX, Addison-Wesley, New Delhi, 4th
Edition 2003.
2. Stefan Kottwitz , LaTeX Beginner's Guide, Packt Publishing, UK. 1st Edition, 2011
3. Resources from websites:
4. The not so short introduction to LaTeX - Tobi Oetiker
https://tobi.oetiker.ch/lshort/lshort.pdf

5. Gilberto E. Urroz, Introduction to Scilab, Introduction to SCILAB By Gilberto E. Urroz, Ph.D.,

P.E. Distributed by infoClearinghouse. Com, 2001

78 | P a g e
 Atomic, Molecular Physics and Lasers

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester:

Contact
Version: subject: Hours
Atomic, per
2022-24 Molecular III Week: 4
Physics and (2nd Year) Total
Lasers 3 1 0 4 Hours:
60=45+15
Subject Applicable Evalu 30 Examination Duration: 3
Code: SBS toPrograms: ation CIE Marks hours
PHY 01 301 M.Sc. (Total 70 Prerequisite: Mathematical
CC 3104 Physics Mark TEE Marks Methods in Physics I,
s: Quantum Mechanics I,
100) Statistical Mechanics
Course Aim of the course is to aware students about various atomic and molecular
Description spectra and to understand the working of LASERs.

Course The students will be exposed to

Objectives . Rotation and Vibration spectroscopy
. Raman Effect and Raman spectroscopy of molecules.
. Working of Lasers
On completion of the course, student would be able to :
CO301C.1 : Understand different models of an Atom
Course CO301C.2 : derive the energy distribution corresponding to different levels of
Outcomes an atom
CO301C.3 : Understand rotation spectroscopy and Understand Raman Effect
and Raman spectroscopy of molecules.
CO301C.4 : understand the working of He-Ne Laser and Ruby Laser.

COURSE SYLLABUS
Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each
Unit
Atomic Spectra I:
Review of Atomic Models: Rutherford’s Model, Bohr’s
model, Sommerfeld’s model, Stern-Gerlach experiment for
electron spin. Revision of quantum numbers, exclusion
1 15
principle, electronic configuration. Relativistic correction to
energy levels of an atom, atom in a weak uniform external
electric field – first and second order Stark effect.

79 | P a g e
 Atomic Spectra II:
Spin-orbit interaction and fine structure, LS and JJ coupling,
Relativistic correction to spectra of hydrogen atom, Lamb
shift, effect of magnetic field on the hydrogen atom spectra,
2 15
Zeeman and Paschen-Back effect. Hyperfine structure and
isotope shift, Auger Effect and Frank Condon Principle. Born-
Oppenheimer approximation.

Molecular spectra:
Rotational levels in diatomic and polyatomic molecules,
vibrational levels in diatomic and polyatomic molecules,
diatomic vibrating rotator, Born-Oppenheimerapproximation,
3 15
Vi vibrational levels, experimental aspects ofvibrational and
rotational spectroscopy of molecules,
polarization of light and Raman effect, Raman Spectroscopy
(Brief Introduction).
Lasers: Spontaneous and stimulated emission, Spatial and
temporal Coherence, Einstein A and B coefficients, Optical
Pumping, Population Inversion, Modes of resonator, Q-
switching and Mode Locking, Ultra short pulse generation,
4 15
He-Ne Laser and Ruby Laser- Principle, Construction and
working, Application of lasers in the field of medicine and
Industry.

Text Books
1. H. E. White, Introduction to Atomic Spectra, McGraw Hill, New York, 1st Edition, 1934.
2. H. G. Kuhn, Introduction to Atomic Spectra, Green and Co., Harlow, 2nd Edition, 1969.
3. K. Thyagarajan and A.K. Ghatak, Lasers - Theory and Applications, Plenum Press, New
York, 1st Edition, 1981.
4. B. H.Bransden and C. J Joachain, Physics of Atoms and Molecules, Pearson, UK, 2nd
Edition, 2003.
5. R. Eisberg and R. Resnick, Quantum Physics of Atoms, Molecules, Solids, Nuclei and
Particles, Wiley, United States, 2nd Edition, 2006.
6. Arthur Beiser, Perspectives of Modern Physics, McGraw Hill, New York, 6th Edition,
2006.
7. C. N. Banwell, Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy, McGraw Hill, New York, 4th
Edition, 2017.

80 | P a g e
 NUCLEAR PHYSICS
Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact
Version: subject: Hours per
Nuclear and Week:
2022-24 Particle III (2nd 3+1
Physics Year) Total
3 1 0 4 Hours:
60=45+15
Subject Code: Applicable to Evaluatio 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours
SBS PHY 01 Programs: n CIE Marks
302 CC 3104 M.Sc. Physics (Total 70 Prerequisite of Course:
Marks: TEE Marks Mathematical Physics and
100) Quantum Mechanics

Course This course will enable the M.Sc. students to understand the basic concepts of static
Description properties of nuclei, radioactive decays, nuclear forces, nuclear reactions. They will also
learn about the elementary particle physics.
Students will be exposed to
 General properties of nuclei
Course
Objectives  Interactions among the nucleons
 Different models developed to explain the nuclear structure
 Elementary classification of particles and their properties
After completion of this course, the students will be able to
CO302C.1. Understand basic properties of nuclei
CO302C.2. Understand interactions between nucleons, meson theory and spin
Course
dependence of nuclear forces
Outcomes
CO302C.3. Get knowledge about Nuclear models, Magic numbers, and Collective
nuclear model. Elementary knowledge about classification of particles.
CO302C.4. Classify the particles and will be able to understand their properties.

COURSE SYLLABUS
Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of
Each Unit
Introductory Concept of Nuclei:
Scattering and electromagnetic methods for determining the nuclear
radius, Nuclear angular momentum, Nuclear magnetic dipole moment
and Electric quadruple moment, Parity quantum number, Statistics of
1 15
nuclear particles, Nuclear Disintegration: Simple theories of alpha,
beta and gamma decay, Properties of neutrino, Non conservation of
parity and Wu’s experiment in beta decay, Electron capture, Internal
conversion.
Inter Nucleon Forces:
Properties and simple theory of the deuteron ground state, Spin
2 dependence and tensor component of nuclear forces, Nucleon-nucleon 15
scattering at low energy, Charge-independence of nuclear forces,
Many–nucleon systems and saturation of nuclear forces, Exchange
81 | P a g e
 forces, Elements of meson theory.
Nuclear Structure and Models:
Fermi gas model, Experimental evidence for shell structure in nuclei,
Basic assumption for shell model, Single- particle energy levels in
central potential, Spin-orbit potential and prediction of magic numbers,
3 15
Extreme single- particle model, Prediction of angular moment, Parities
and magnetic moment of nuclear ground states, Liquid drop model,
Semi-empirical mass formula, Nuclear fission, The unified model,
rotational model.
Nuclear Reactions: Types of nuclear reactions, conservation laws,
energetic of nuclear reactions, cross-section, partial cross-section,
compound nucleus, principle of detailed balance, Breit-Weigner
formula, nuclear reaction mechanism, heavy ion reactions at low and
4 intermediate energies. 15
Particle Physics: Properties and origin, Elementary particles,
Properties, classification, type of interactions and conservation laws,
Properties of mesons, Resonance particles, Strange particles and
Strangeness quantum number.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Roy & Nigam,Nuclear Physics, John Wiley & Sons, USA, 1st Edition, 1967.
2. H. Enge,Introduction to nuclear Physics, Addison Wesley, USA, 1st Edition 1969.
3. J.M. Blatt and V.F. Weisskopf, Theoretical Nuclear Physics, Springer, Germany, 1st Edition, 1969.
4. M.Leon,Particle Physics:An introduction, Elsevier, Netherlands, 1st Edition, 1973.
5. S. N. Ghoshal, Nuclear Physics, S. Chand, India, 1st Edition, 1994.
6. F.I. Stancu, Group Theory in Subnuclear Physics, Clarendon Press, UK, 1st Edition, 1997.
7. J.D. Walecka,Theoretical Nuclear and Subnuclear Physics, World Scientific, Singapore, 2nd Edition,
2004.
8. B. R. Martin and G. Shaw,Particle Physics, John Wiley & Sons, USA, 3rd Edition, 2008.

82 | P a g e
 SOLID STATE PHYSICS

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact

Version: subject: hours
Solid State per
Physics week:
2022-24 3+1
III (2nd Total
Year) Hours:
3 1 0 4 60=45+15

Subject Code: Applicable Evaluatio CIE 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours

SBS PHY 01 to n Marks
303 CC 3104 Programs:
(Total TEE 70 Prerequisite of Course:
M.Sc. Marks: Marks Graduation Level Solid State
Physics 100) Physics and Quantum Mechanics

Course The solid state physics is the branch of physics dealing with physical properties ofsolids
Description particularly crystals, including the behavior of electrons in these solids. The course solid
state physics is basically designed for fundamental understanding of several breakthrough
phenomena such as crystal structure, lattice dynamics, various crystal bonding, free
electrons theory, band theory and superconductivity in solids.

 To understand the fundamentals of intriguing phenomena such as direct lattice,

reciprocal lattice, lattice vibration in solids, specific heat of metals, band formation
Course in solids, effective mass, and superconductivity.
Objectives
 To develop the scientific and positive attitudes in students related to the materials
science which is a part of solid state physics

 To able the students for solve the problems related to solid state physics

At the end of this course, the students will be able to

CO303C.1. identify various crystal structures and their symmetries in solids

Course
Outcomes CO303C.2. determine the crystal structure through X-ray diffraction, rotating crystal,
and Laue
methods

CO303C.3. explain the theories and phenomena of lattice dynamics, various bonding,
and

83 | P a g e
 thermal properties (specifically specific heat) in solids

CO303C.4. calculate the specific heat and density of states of various solids

CO303C.5. interpret the electrical conductivity and resistivity, mean free path,
relaxation time,
Fermi energy, electronic specific heat, and band formation in solids

CO303C.6. recognize the importance of effective mass, nearly free-electron model and
tight
binding approximation

CO303C.7. identify the basic differences between conductors and superconductors

CO303C.8. illustrate the some exciting phenomena such as Meissner effect, Isotope
effect,
London’s equations, BCS theory, and Josephson effect of
superconductors

CO303C.9. understand the basics of high temperature superconductors and commercial

applications of superconductors

COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each

Unit

Crystal Structure:

Crystal Structures and Lattices with Basis, Miller Indices,Common

Crystal Structures, Reciprocal Lattice, Brillouin Zones, X-ray
Diffraction by a Crystal and Their Equivalence, Laue Equations,
1 Ewald Construction, Brillouin Interpretation, Intensity of X-ray 15
Reflections: Atomic Scattering Factor; Geometrical Structure
Factor, Structure Factors, Structure Factor; Experimental Methods
of Structure Analysis: Laue’s Method; Rotating Crystal Method;
Powder Method, Diffraction from Non-Crystalline Systems.

Lattice Dynamics, Crystal Binding and Thermal Properties:

Classical Theory of Lattice Dynamics: Vibrations of Crystals with

2 Monatomic Basis and Two Atomic Basis; Dispersion Relation; 15
Group Velocity; Acoustical and Optical modes, Bonding in Solids,
Elastic Constants and Properties, Phonons: Quantization of Lattice
Vibration; Phonon Momentum; Inelastic Scattering of Neutrons by

84 | P a g e
 Phonons, Thermal Properties: Heat Capacity; Density of States;
Normal Modes; Debye and Einstein Models.

Free Electrons and Energy Band in Solids:

Free Electron Gas Model and Its Limitations, Electrons Moving in

One and Three Dimensional Potential Well, The Density of States,
Fermi Energy, Effect of Temperature on Fermi Distribution
Function, The Electronic Specific Heat, The Electrical Conductivity
3 of Metals, Relaxation Time and Mean Free Path, The Electrical 15
Resistivity, Band Theory: Bloch Theorem; The Kronig- Penny
Model; Symmetry Properties of the Energy Function; Effective
Mass of an Electron; The Nearly Free Electron Model and Tight
Binding Approximation; Metals; Insulators and Semiconductors.

Superconductivity:

Introduction to Superconductivity, Effect of Magnetic Field, The

Meissner Effect, Type I and Type II Superconductors, Entropy, Free
Energy, Heat Capacity, Energy gap, Isotope Effect,
4 Thermodynamics of the Superconducting Transition, London 15
Equation and Penetration Depth, Coherence Length, BCS Theory
of Superconductivity, Cooper Pair, Flux Quantization, DC and AC
Josephson Effects: SQUIDs, High Temperature Superconductivity,
Applications of Superconductors.

TEXT BOOKS

1. J. M. Ziman, Principles of the Theory of Solids, Cambridge University Press, UK, 2nd Edition, 1979.
2. J. F. Annett, Superconductivity Super fluids and Condensates, Oxford University Press, UK, 1st Edition,
2004.
3. J. P. Srivastava, Elements of Solid State Physics, Prentice-Hall of India, 2nd Edition, 2006.
4. H. Ibach and H. Luth, Solid State Physics: An Introduction to Theory and Experiment, Springer,
Germany, 4th Edition, 2009.
5. M. A. Wahab, Solid State Physics: Structure and Properties of Materials, Narosa Publications, India, 2nd
Edition, 2009.
6. C. Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics, John Wiley and Sons, USA, 8th Edition, 2012.
7. N. W. Ashcroft and N. D. Mermin, Solid State Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, USA, Revised
Edition, 2016.
8. S. O. Pillai, Solid State Physics, New Age International Publishers, 8th Edition, 2018.

85 | P a g e
 LABORATORY-III

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact

Version: subject: Hours per
Laboratory-III Week: 12

Total
2022-24 Hours:
0 0 12 6 III (2nd
Year) 180

Subject Code: Applicable to Evaluatio 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: n Marks
304 CC 00126 CIE
M.Sc. Physics (Total
Marks: 70 Prerequisite of Course: None
100) Marks
TEE

Course Aim of Lab III is to train students for advanced practical related to solid state physics,
Description nuclear physics, electronics, numerical techniques and material science.

Each student is required to perform at least five experiments from Section A and at
least three experiments from any one of the optional subtopics of Section B: (i)
Electronics (ii) Thin Film and Nano-Material (iii) Numerical Techniques; depending
upon the courses opted under discipline centric elective course

Course  To train students on advanced experiments

Objectives
 To give training on advance instruments

 To introduce students to latest numerical techniques

After completion of this course, the students will be able to

CO304C.1. Apart from some experiments based on nuclear physics, electronics,

Course computation and solid state physics.
Outcomes
CO304C.2. To understand the basic synthesis and characterization techniques for
different materials such as thin films and nanoparticles.

CO304C.3. students will also perform the advance experiments like DTA, TGA, UV-
VIS, Microwave furnace and thin film coating techniques.

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 CO204C.4. Students will advance techniques of numerical analysis

COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of

Each Unit

1. Kerr Effect
2. Curie Temperature
3. B-H curve
4. Dielectric constant
5. Solid State Nuclear Track Detector (SSNTD)
1 6. G.M. Counters: characteristics, dead time and counting statistics 100
7. Scintillation detector-energy calibration, resolution and
determination of gamma ray energy
8. Quinks tube method to find susceptibility of a material
9. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
10. Zeeman Effect
11. To study Lattice Dynamics
(i) Electronics

1. PCM/delta modulation and demodulation

2. Fiber optic communication
3. Modulation/Demodulation
4. 4-bit ripple counter
(ii) Thin Film and Nano-Material

1. Data Analysis of XRD, SEM and TEM

2. Chemical Deposition (for CNT growth)
3. ZnO wire by thermal oxidation
4. Band gap estimation by Tauc-plot method
5. Thin film deposition technique
2 6. DTA/TGA analysis 80
(iii) Numerical Techniques

1. Solution of Linear algebraic equation: Gauss Jordon elimination,

Singular Value Decomposition, Sparse linear system.
2. Evaluation of Functions: special functions, evaluation of
functions by path integration, incomplete gamma, beta function.
3. Random Numbers: Uniform random numbers generators,
statistical distributions and their properties, Rejection Methods,
transformation method, simple Monte Carlo integration,
Adaptive and recursive Monte Carlo methods, Test of
randomness.
4. Signal Processing: FFT, IFFT, Filtering with FFT, convolution
and correlation functions, application to real time series data.

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 5. Eigen systems: Solving eigenvalues and finding eigen functions
of Schrodinger equation for analytically unsolvable potentials
using variational principle.

TEXT BOOKS

1. Albert Malvino, Digital Principles and Applications, McGraw Hill, New York, 4th Edition, 1986.

2. A. C. Melissinos, J. Napolitano, Experiments in Modern Physics, Academic Press, Cambridge,

Massachusetts, 2nd Edition, 2003.

3.W.H. Press, B.P. Flannery, S.A. Teukolsky and W.T. Vetterling, Numerical Recipes in C/C++: The
Art of Scientific Computing, Cambridge University Press, 3rd Edition, 2007.

4. J. P. Sethna, Statistical Mechanics: Entropy, Order Parameters, and Complexity, Oxford University
Press, 2nd Edition, 2007.

5. E. Balagurusamy, Numerical Methods, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 1st Edition, 2017.

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 SEMINAR PRESENTATION
Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact
Version: subject: Hours per
Week: 02
SEMINAR
PRESENTATIO Total
2022-24 N II (2nd Year) Hours:
0 2 0 2 30

Subject Code: Applicable to Evalu 15 Examination Duration: 20

SBS PHY 01 Programs: ation CIE Minutes
305 CC 2002
M.Sc. Physics (Total 35 Prerequisite of Course: None
Marks Marks
TEE
: 50)

Course The dissertation topics will be based on special papers or elective papers and topics
Description of current interest. A departmental committee will distribute the topics according
to the skill and merit of the students.

Course  To make students familiar with approach to do literature survey

Objectives  To make student capable of independent thinking
 Students will learn basic techniques for carrying out research

After completion of this project, students will be able to learn about:

Course CO305.1. Basic of literature review

Outcomes CO305.2. Techniques used for performing research
CO305.3. Analyze the results and tabulate them in a proper manner
CO305.4. How to write and dissertation, making presentation and viva etc.

Evaluation: The evaluation will be done internal committee constituted by Head of the Department.
Internal marks will be given by the mentor allotted to each candidate.

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 Research and Publication Ethics
Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact
Version: subject: Hours per
Week: 2
Research and
Publication Total
2022-24 Ethics Hours: 30
2 0 0 2 III (2nd
Year)

Subject Code: Applicable to Evalu 15 Examination Duration: 1.5

SBS PHY 01 Programs: ation CIE Hours
306 CC 2002 Marks
M.Sc. Physics (Total
Marks 35 Prerequisite of Course: None
: 50) TEE
Marks

Course The objective of the course is to familiarize the students with ethics of research and how
Description to make publications

Course  To train student for research

Objectives  To make students aware of IPR policy

On completion of the course, the student should be able to:

Course
CO306D.1: Understand the basic ethics of research.
Outcomes
CO306D.2: Maintain the research integrity and intellectual honesty.
CO306D.3: Understand the scientific misconduct and proper citations.
CO306D.4: Acquire knowledge of databases and software’s.

COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each

Unit

Theory:
1 15
RPE 01: Philosophy and Ethics (3 hrs.)

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 1. Introduction to philosophy: definition, concept, branches,
nature and scope,
2. Ethics: definition, moral philosophy, nature of moral
judgements and reactions

RPE 02: Scientific Conduct (5 hrs.)

1. Ethics with respect to science and research
2. Intellectual honesty and research integrity
3. Scientific misconducts: Falsification, Fabrication, and
Plagiarism (FFP)
4. Redundant publications: duplicate and overlapping
publications, salami slicing
5. Selective reporting and misrepresentation of data

RPE 03: Publication Ethics (7 hrs.)

1. Publication ethics: definition, introduction and importance
2. Best practices/standards setting initiatives and guidance:
COPE, WAME, etc.
3. Conflicts of interest
4. Publication misconduct: definition, concept, problems that
lead to unethical behavior and vice versa, types
5. Violation of publication ethics, authorship and
contribution-ship
6. Identification of publication misconduct, complaints and
appeals
7. Predatory publishers and journals
Practice:
RPE 04: Open Access Publishing (4 hrs.)
1. Open access publications and initiatives
2. SHERPA/RoMEO online resource to check publisher
copyright & self-archiving polices
3. Software tool to identify predatory publications developed
by SPPU
4. Journal finder / journal suggestion tools viz. JANE,
2 Elsevier Journal Finder, Springer Journal Suggester, etc. 15

RPE 05: Publication Misconduct (4 hrs.)

A. Group Discussion (2 hrs.)
1. Subject specific ethical issues, FFP, authorship
2. Conflicts of interest
3. Complaints and appeals: examples and fraud from India
and abroad
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 B. Software tools (2 hrs.)
1. Use of plagiarism software like Turnitin, Urkund and
other open source software tools

RPE 06: Databases and Research Metrics (7 hrs.)

A. Databases (4 hrs.)
1. Indexing databases Research Metrics
2. Citation databases: Web of Science, Scopus, etc.

B. Research Metrics (3 hrs.)

1. Impact Factor of journal as per Journal Citation Report,
SNIP, SJR, IIP, Cite Score
2. Metrics: h index, g index, i10 index, almetrics

TEXT BOOKS

1. Indian National Science Academy (INSA), Ethics in Science Education, Research and
Governance, 2019, ISBN:978-81-939482-1-7. http://www.insaindia.res.in/pdf/Ethics_Book.pdf

2. Chaddah, P., Ethics in Competitive Research: Do not get scooped; do not get plagiarized 2018,
ISBN:978-9387480865.
3. Beall, J. Predatory publishers are corrupting open access, Nature, 489 (7415), 179-179, 2012.
https://doi.org/10.1038/489179a

4. Resnik, D. B., What is ethics in research and why is it important, National Institute of
Environmental Health Sciences, 1-10. Retrived from
https://www.neihs.nih.gov/research/resources/bioethics/whatis/index.cfm
2011.

5. National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering and Institute of Medicine, On

Being a Scientist: A Guide to Responsible Conduct in Research: 3rd edition , National Academics
Press 2009. Bird, A., Philosophy of Science, Routledge 2006.
6. MacIntyre, A., A Short History of Ethics, London 1967.

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 Physics of Electronic Material and Devices

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact

Version: subject: hours per
week: 3+1
Physics of
Electronic Total
2022-24 Material and Hours:
nd
3 1 0 4 II (2
Devices 60=45+15
Year)

Subject Code: Applicable to Evalu 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: ation Marks
301 DCEC M.Sc. Physics CIE
3104 (Total
Marks 70 Prerequisite of Course: None
: 100) Marks
TEE

Course This course intends to provide knowledge about band structure and electronic properties
Description of semiconducting materials. In addition, this course aims to provide a detailed theory and
design of electronic, microwave and photonics devices.

Course  To acquire the fundamental knowledge and expose to the field of semiconductor
Objective theory and devices and their applications.

Course On completion of the course, student would be able:

Outcomes
CO301D.1. To describe the properties of materials and application of semiconductor
electronics

CO301D.2. To understand the oncepts of recombination and generations of charge

carriers

CO301D.3. To understand basic properties of Metal-Semiconductor junction.

CO301D.4. To understand the working, design and applications of various

semiconducting devices like rectifiers, clippers, LED, Solar cells.

COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hou

rs
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 of Each
Unit

Fundamentals of Semiconductors:

Carrier concentration of semiconductor, Transport Equations, Fundamentals of

1 Compound Semiconductors: Introduction of Compound Semiconductors, 15
Properties of Compound semiconductors, Synthesis of Compound
Semiconductors. Crystal structures of Elemental and III-IV

Carrier mobility in semiconductors:

Electron and Hole conductivity in semiconductors, Shallow impurities in semiconductors
2 15
(Ionization Energies), Deep Impurity states in semiconductors, Carrier Trapping and
recombination/generation in semiconductors, Shockley read theory of recombination,
Switching in electronic devices.
Metal-semiconductor, Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor and MOS devices:

Native oxides of Compound semiconductors for MOS devices and the interface
state density related issues. Metal semiconductor contacts, Schottky barrier diode,
3 Metal semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MESFETs): Pinch off voltage and 15
threshold voltage of MESFETs. D.C. characteristics and analysis of drain current.
Velocity overshoot effects and the related advantages of GaAs, InP and GaN based
devices for high speed operation. Sub threshold characteristics, short channel
effects and the performance of scaled down devices.

High Frequency Devices:

Essential Condition of High frequency device and compound semiconductor,Tunnel diode,
4 MIS Tunnel diode, Degenerate and Non-degenerate semiconductor, MIS switch diode, 15
MIM Tunnel diode. IMPATT diode. Characteristics, breakdown Voltage, Avalanche
Region and Drift Region, Transferred electron devices.
Photonic devices: LED and LASER, Photo detectors, Solar-cells.
TEXT BOOKS

1. A.S. Grove, Physics and Technology of Semiconductor Devices, WILEY, United States, 1st
Edition , 1967.
2. B.L. Sharma,Metal, Semiconductor Schottky Barrier Junction and their Applications, Springer,
USA, 1st Edition, 1984.
3. E. H.Rhoderick, Metal/Semicond uctor Contacts, Clarendon Press, UK, 1st Edition , 1988.
4. Jasprit Singh, Semiconductor Devices Basic Principles, John Wiley & Sons, United States, 1st
Edition, 2000.
5. S.M. Sze, Physics of Semiconductor Devices, John Wiley & Sons, United States, 2nd Edition,
2003.

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 Nuclear Reactor Physics
Scheme Name of the subject: L T P C Semester: Contact
Version hours per
: Nuclear Reactor week: 3+1
Physics
Total
III (2nd Hours:
2022-24 3 1 0 4 60=45+15
Year)

Subject Applicable to Evalu 30 Examination Duration:3 hours

Code: Programs: M.Sc. ation CIE Marks
SBS Physics
PHY 01 (Total 70 Prerequisite of Course: None
302 Marks Marks
TEE
DCEC : 100)
3104

Course This course is intended to impart primary but wide theoretical knowledge about nuclear
Descrip reactor and related topics.
tion

Course  To understand the theoretical and experimental knowledge about nuclear reactors.
Objecti  To know about the basic designs of nuclear reactors.
ves  To understand the need of nuclear fuel and waste management.

After completion of this course, students would be able to:

CO302D.1. Understand the nuclear fission reactions.

Course
Outcom CO302D.2. Learn about neutron sources and moderators.
es
CO302D.3. Get knowledge about working of nuclear reactors.

CO302D.4. Get knowledge about different types of power reactors

CO302D.5. Learn how to manage the nuclear fuel and waste.

COURSE SYLLABUS

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 Unit Content of Each Unit Hours
No. of
Each
Unit

Nuclear Reactions:
1 Characteristics of atomic nucleus, Binding energy, Nuclear fission, Cross section, 15
Interaction of neutrons with nuclei.

Neutron moderation:

Inelastic scattering, Elastic collisions, Moderating ratio, Slowing down

2 Density, Resonance escape, Moderators, Neutron sources, Prompt neutrons, 15
Fast fission, Fission energy, Thermal utilization, Fission products, Chain
reaction, Multiplication factor, Leakage of neutrons, Critical size, Diffusion
and slowing down theory, Homogenous and heterogeneous reactors.

Nuclear Reactors:

Fuel materials, Moderator materials, Cladding materials, Coolant materials and

3 control materials, Control requirement calculations, Means of control, Reactor 15
kinematics: Neutron lifetime, Generation time, Point kinetic equation and solution
of the equations for step input reactivity.

Types of Power reactors & Fuel and waste management:

Boiling water reactors, Pressurized water reactors, Pressurized heavy water

reactors, Light water cooled graphite moderated reactors, Gas cooled reactors,
4 Advanced gas cooled reactors, High temperature gas cooled reactors and 15
liquid metal cooled reactors and Fast breeder reactors, Fuel management
schemes, Fuel composition, Fuel cycle cost and wastemanagement.

Laboratory Assignments:

Visits to fission reactor sites and related case studies for generation of nuclear energy.

TEXT BOOKS

1. Lamarshs, J.R., Introduction to Nuclear Reactor Theory, Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., 1966.
2. Glasstons, Sammuel and Sesonske, Alexander, Nuclear reactor Engineer, CBS Publishers &
Distributors, 1986.

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 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION REACTOR

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact

Version: subject: hours per
Plasma week: 3+1
Physics and
Fusion Reactor Total
2022-24 Hours:
3 1 0 4 III (2nd
Year) 60=45+15

Subject Code: Applicable to Evaluatio 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: n Marks
303 DCEC 3104 CIE
M.Sc. Physics (Total
Marks: 70 Prerequisite of Course:
100) Marks Mathematical Physics and
TEE Quantum Mechanics

Course Students will be exposed to theory related to motion of charge particle in

Description inhomogeneous field, production of plasma and usage of plasma.

Course  To make students familiar with fourth state of matter

Objectives  To aware students about plasma creation in laboratory
 To make students familiar with production of energy in fusion
reactor
After completion of this course, the students will have understanding of
Course
Outcomes CO303D.1. what are theoretical method to study the charge particle motion
CO303D.2 Idea behind the magnetic confinement
CO303D.3. how to generate plasma in the laboratory
CO303D.4. how plasma production is helpful to make fusion reactors
COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of

Each Unit

1 Introduction: 15

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 Plasma state, plasma parameters, applications of plasmas.

Single particle orbit theory: Drift of charge particle under different

combinations of electric and magnetic field, crossed electric and
magnetic fields, homogenous electric and magnetic fields, spatially
and time varying electric and magnetic fields,

The Boltzmann Equation:

Simplified magneto-hydrodynamic equations - Electron plasma

oscillations Debye shielding phenomenon and criteria for plasma,
2 motion of charged particles in electromagnetic field, Electric field drift, 15
parallel acceleration, curvature drift, adiabatic invariants; fundamental
equations of magneto-hydrodynamics(MHD), magnetic confinement.

Production of Plasma in laboratory:

Physics of glow discharge, electron emission, ionization breakdown

3 of gases, Paschen’s law and different regimes of E/ρ in a discharge. 15

Plasma diagnostic: Probes, energy analysers, magnetic probes and

optical diagnostics, preliminary concepts.

Fusion Reactor:

Potential of fusion energy, controlled thermonuclear reactions, fusion

reactions, fusion cross-sections, fusion power generation, energy
4 balance for fusion systems, ignition criterion, gain factor, plasma 15
heating, ohmic heating, neutral beam injection, radio frequency
heating, inertial confinement fusion, tokamaks, stability, operating
limits and transport.

TEXT BOOKS

1. Nicholson, D. R., Introduction to Plasma theory, Wiley, 1983

2. Chen, F.F., Introduction to Plasma Physics, Springer, 1984

3. Sturrock, P.A., Plasma Astrophysics, Cambridge University Press, 1994

4. Choudhuri, A.R., The Physics of Fluids and Plasmas, Cambridge University Press, 1998

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 PHYSICS OF NANOMATERIALS
Scheme Name of the Subject: L T P C Semester Contact
Version: : hours per
Physics of Nanomaterials week:
3+1
2022-24 3 1 0 4 III(2ndYea Total
r) Hours:
60=45+15

Subject Applicable to Programs: 30 Examination Duration: 3

Code: Evaluation CIE Marks hours
M.Sc. Physics (Total
SBS PHY Marks): 70 Pre-requisite of course:
01 304 100 TEE
Marks Solid State Physics
DCEC 3104

Course To introduce knowledge on basics of nanoscience and the fundamental concepts behind size
Description reduction in various physical properties. More specifically, the student will be able to
understand the different properties of materials being used in various length scales.

Course  The objective of this course is to provide the knowledge on the Physics of
Objectives nanostructure materials, materials growth aspects important for size control and size
selection and application of nanoscale materials.
 The course lays foundation for advanced courses in engineering aspects of materials
and their applications.

Course On completion of this course, student will learn:

Outcomes:
CO304.1 Correlate properties of nanostructures with their size, shape and surface
characteristics.

CO304.2 Qualitatively describe how the nanoparticle size can affect the morphology, crystal
structure, reactivity, and mechanical properties.

CO304.3 Understand the effects of quantum confinement on the electronic structure and
corresponding physical and chemical properties of materials at nanoscale.

CO304.4 Describe several synthesis methods for fabrication of inorganic nanoparticles, one-
dimensional nanostructures (nanotubes, nanorods, nanowires), thin films, nonporous materials,
and nanostructured bulk materials, and also could describe how different lithography methods
can be used for making nanostructures.

CO304.5 Understand some specific materials like graphene and carbon nanotubes for various

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 applications.

CO304.6 To comprehend basic knowledge on the characterization of nanomaterials by

different methods.

COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of

Each
Unit

1. Introduction to Nanostructure Materials: 15

Nanoscience & nanotechnology, size dependence of properties, Chemical-

reactivity, Mechanical properties at nanoscale, Moor’s law, Surface energy and
Melting point (quasi melting) of nanoparticles, Excitons, Density of states,
Variation of density of states with energy and size of crystal. Population of
conduction and valance band for 0D, 1D, 2D & 3D material.

2. Quantum Size Effect: 15

Quantum confinement and its consequences, quantum wells, quantum wires and
quantum dots and artificial atoms. Electronic structure from bulk to quantum dot.
Electron states in direct and indirect gap semiconductors nanocrystals.
Confinement in disordered and amorphous systems.

3. Synthesis of Nanomaterials: 15

Key issue in the synthesis of Nanomaterials, Different approaches of synthesis,

Top down and Bottom up approaches, Thermal and e-beam evaporation, Gas
phase synthesis of nanopowders, chemical and colloidal methods, sol gel method,
functionalization of nanoparticles. Ball Milling, Specific materials like graphene
and carbon nanotubes (CNTs).

4. Characterization techniques: 15

XRD (Scherrer’s formula), Electron Microscopy: Scanning Electron Microscopy

(SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Probe Microscopy
(SPM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Raman Spectroscopy and XPS,
Estimation of band gap using UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric
analysis.

REFERENCE BOOKS

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 1. D. Bimberg, M. Grundmann, N.N. Ledenstov, Quantum Dot Hetrostructures, John Wiley & Sons,
United States, 1st Edition, 1999.
2. Charles P. Poole, Jr. Frank J. Owens, Introduction to Nanotechnology, John Wiley & Sons, United
States, 1st Edition, 2003.
3. Guozhong Cao, Nanostructures & Nanomaterials, Synthesis, Properties & Applications, Imperial
College Press, UK, 1st Edition, 2004
4. Liming Dai, Carbon Nanotechnology, Elsevier, Netherland, 1st Edition, 2006.
5. Michael J. O’Connell, Carbon Nanotubes: Properties and Applications, CRC Press, USA, 1st
Edition, 2006.
6. T. Pradeep, Nano: The Essentials, McGraw Hill Companies, New York, 1st Edition, 2007.
7. Hornyak G.L., Tibbals H.F., Dutta J.,Moore J.J., Introduction to Nanoscience and Nanotechnology,
CRC Press, USA, 1st Edition, 2008.

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 General Theory of Relativity
Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact
Version: subject: Hours
General per
2022-24 Theory of III(2nd Week: 4
Relativity Year) Total
3 1 0 4 Hours:
60=45+15
Subject Applicable to Evalu 30 Examination Duration: 3
Code: SBS Programs: ation CIE Marks Hours
PHY 01 305 M.Sc. Physics (Total 70 Prerequisite: Classical
DCEC 3104 Mark TEE Marks Electrodynamics,
s: Mathematical Methods in
100) Physics I & II
Course Aim of the course is to familiarize students with different aspects of theory of
Description gravitation.

Course The student will come to understand

Objectives . Special Theory of Relativity
. General Theory of Relativity
. Few applications of Geeral Theory of Relativity.
On completion of the course, student would be able to
Course CO305D.1 : understand the mathematical rigour that goes behind the theory of
Outcomes relativity and also be able to
CO305D.2 : Understand few applications of general theory of relativity.
CO305D.3 : Understand the Special theory of relativity
CO305D.4 : Understand the origin of gravitational waves
COURSE SYLLABUS
Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each
Unit
Historical Background:
Review of Newtonian Mechanics. Special theory of
1 relativity. Prelude to General relativity, historical 15
developments, 4-Vectors and 4-tensors, examples from
physics
Tensors in GTR:
Principle of Equivalence, Equations of motion, Gravitational
2 force, Tensor Analysis in Riemannian space, Effects of 15
Gravitation, Riemann-Christoffel curvature tensor, Ricci
Tensor, Curvature Scalar
Applications of GTR:
3 15
Einstein Field Equations, Experimental tests of General

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 Theory of Relativity, Scwartzchild Solution, Gravitational
lensing
Gravitational Radiation:
4 Gravitational waves: generation and detection, Energy, 15
momentum and angular momentum in Gravitation
Text Books
1. S. Weinberg, Cosmology, Oxford University, 1 st Edition, 2008.
2. Ray D’Inverno, Introducing Einstein’s General Relativity, Oxford University, 1 st Edition,
1992.
3. M. Berry, Principle of Cosmology and Gravitation, Taylor & Francis; 1 st Edition, 1989.
4. Tai L. Chow, Introduction to General theory of Relativity and Cosmology, Springer, 1 st
Edition, 2008.
5. P.A.M. Dirac, General theory of Relativity, Wiley-Blackwell, 1 st Edition, 1975.
6. L.D. Landau and E.M. Lifshitz, The Classical Theory of Fields, Publishere, Shroff, 2 nd
Edition, 2010

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 Astrophysics of Stars
Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact
Version: subject: Hours
Astrophysics per
2022-24 of Stars III(2nd Week: 4
Year) Total
3 1 0 4 Hours:
60=45+15
Subject Applicable to Evalu 30 Examination Duration: 3
Code: SBS Programs: ation CIE Marks Hours
PHY 01 306 M.Sc. Physics (Total 70 Prerequisite: Introduction
DCEC 3104 Mark TEE Marks to Astronomy and
s: Astrophysics
100)
Course Aim of the Course : Stars are the fundamental building blocks of the Universe. By
Description injecting vast amounts of energy and momentum into their surround-ings, they act
as drivers for the evolution of their host galaxies..

Course Aim of this course is to understand in detail what goes on deep inside an
Objectives object that, to us, is a mere pinprick of light in the sky.

On completion of the course, student would be able to

CO306D.1 : quantify the basic parameters of stars.
Course
CO306D.2 : understand how radiation interacts with matter at the surfaces of
Outcomes stars
CO306D.3 : Understand how to produce the spectra that we observe
CO306D.4 : know about the processes that determine the interior structure,
composition and evolution of stars.
COURSE SYLLABUS
Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each
Unit
Stellar Observations :
Introduction, Distance & magnitude, Blackbody radiation,
1 Colors & line spectra, Binary systems : visual binaries, 15
Eclipsing & spectroscopic binaries, The Hertzsprung-Russel
diagram, Spectral classification
Stellar Atmospheres :

Stellar atmospheres, Describing radiation, Radiation &matter

2 15
, Radiative transfer, The Eddington approximation, The grey
atmosphere, Realistic model atmospheres, Opacity sources,
Spectral features, Profile shapes, Line strengths
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 Stellar Interiors :

Mechanical structure, The virial theorem, Polytropes,

3 Equation of state, Energy conservation; diffusive transport, 15
Mass-luminosity relation; main sequences, Convective
transport, Energy generation, Nuclear fusion networks,Fusion
rates, Rotation, Stellar model building
Stellar Evolution :
The main sequence, The Sun, Massive stars, Star formation,
4 Pre-main-sequence evolution, Evolution off the main 15
sequence, Helium burning & beyond, Stellar death, Stellar
pulsation, White dwarfs, Neutron stars
Text Books
1. “An Introduction to Modern Stellar Astrophysics” ,
Bradley W Carroll and Dale A Ostlie (ISBN: 978-08053034830), Cambridge University Press
(2017)
2. “Stellar Structure and Evolution”, R. Kippenhahn & A. Weiger, (2012) Springer-Verlag
Berlin Heidelberg
3. Structure and Evolution of the Stars, by M. Schwarzschild. (ISBN : 9780691652832), 2016,
Princton University Press
4. Stellar Atmospheres, by Ivan Hubeny , Springer Verlag
5. Radiative Processes in Astrophysics : G. Rybiki and A. Lightmann, 2004 WILEY‐VCH
Verlag GmbH & Co.

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 Characterization Techniques for Materials
Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact
Version: subject: hours per
week: 3+1
Characterization
Techniques for Total
2022-24 Materials Hours:
3 1 0 4 I (1st Year)
60=45+15

Subject Code: Applicable to Evalu 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: ation Marks
307 DCEC M.Sc. Physics CIE
3104 (Total
Marks 70 Prerequisite of Course: None
: 100) Marks
TEE

Course This course covers the fundamental principles and practical applications of different
Description classes of materials and characterization techniques. The course discusses
characterization techniques used for chemical and structural analysis of materials,
including metals, ceramics, polymers, composites, and semiconductors. The topics
include important spectroscopic, microscopic and thermal methods for materials
characterization.

Course  To introduce the materials characterization techniques to the students

Objective
 Help the students to understand the instrumentation aspects

 To provide a detailed understanding of data interpretation

 To provide hands on experience of the characterization techniques

Course On completion of the course, student would be able:

Outcomes
CO307D.1. To determine crystal structure of specimen and estimate its crystallite
size and stress

CO307D.2. To choose an appropriate microscopy techniques to investigate

microstructure of materials at high resolution

CO307D.3. To use appropriate spectroscopic technique to measure vibrational/electronic

transitions to estimate parameters like energy band gap, elemental concentration, etc.

CO307D.4. To apply thermal analysis techniques to determine thermal stability of

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 and thermodynamic transitions of the specimen.

COURSE SYLLABUS

Hours
Unit No. Content of Each Unit of Each
Unit

Structure analysis

X-ray diffraction. Diffraction under non-ideal conditions. Atomic scattering and

1 Geometrical structure factors. Factors influencing the intensities of diffracted 15
beams. Phase identification, indexing and lattice parameter determination, Powder
X-ray diffractometer. Applications of XRD in bulk and nano-materials.

Microscopy techniques:

Introduction to Microscopes, Optical microscopy, Transmission Electron

Microscopy (TEM); Basic Electron scattering, Concepts of resolution, TEM
2 instruments, Various
15
imaging modes, Analysis of micrographs, Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy,
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM),

Scanning Probe Microscopy (AFM and STM)

Spectrophotometric analysis of materials

UV-VIS spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman
3 spectroscopy, X- ray photoelectron 15

Spectroscopy (XPS).

Thermal analysis techniques:

Differential thermal analysis (DTA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC),

4 Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), 15

Electrical characterization techniques: Electrical resistivity in bulk and thin

films, Hall effect, Magnetoresistance

TEXT BOOKS

1. Wendlandt, W.W., Thermal Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, 1986.

2. Wachtman, J.B., Kalman, Z.H., Characterization of Materials, Butterworth Heinemann, 1993.
3. Murphy, Douglas B, Fundamentals of Light Microscopy and Electronic Imaging,

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 Wiley-Liss, Inc. USA, 2000.

4. Cullity, B.D., and Stock, R.S., "Elements of X-Ray Diffraction”, Prentice-Hall, 2001.
5. B. Raj, T. Jayakumar, M. Thavasimuthu, Practical Non-Destructive Testing, 2nd ed., Narosa
Publishing House, 2002.
6. D. A. Skoog, F.J. Holler, S. R. Crouch, Instrumental Analysis, Cengage Learning, 2007.
7. Li Lin, Ashok Kumar, Materials Characterization Techniques Sam Zhang; CRC Press, 2008.
8. Y. Leng, Materials Characterisation: Introduction to Microscopic and Spectroscopic Methods,
John Wiley & Sons (Asia), 2008.
9. J. C. Vickerman, I. Gilmore, Surface Analysis: The Principal Techniques, 2 nd ed., John Wiley
& Sons, Inc.2009.

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 Digital Electronics and Microprocessor
Scheme Name of the subject: L T P C Semester: Contact
Version hours per
: Digital Electronics and week: 3+1
Microprocessor
Total
III (2nd Hours:
2022-24 3 0 2 4 60=45+15
Year)

Subject Applicable to Evalu 30 Examination Duration:3 hours

Code: Programs:M.Sc. ation CIE Marks
SBS Physics
PHY 01 (Total 70 Prerequisite of Course: Physics
308 Marks Marks of Semiconductor Devices,
TEE
DCEC : 100) Analog Electronics
3024

Course This course is intended to train the M.Sc students for digital systems, their implementation and
Descrip application of microprocessor.
tion

Course  To understand the fundamentals of digital systems.

Objecti  To make familiar with various logic families and their implementation in logic circuits.
ves  To understand the design of microprocessors and their applications.

Course After completion of this course, students will be able to learn about:
Outcom
CO308D.1. The basics of digital systems and Boolean algebra.
es
CO308D.2. Digital arithmetic operations and combinational & sequential circuits.
CO308D.3. Various memory devices & their applications.
CO308D.4. Microprocessor and its various operations.

COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit Content of Each Unit Hours

No. of
Each

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 Unit

Digital Systems:

Digital signals, binary number system, conversions, Boolean algebra, logic gates,
1 standard gate assemblies, implementing circuits from boolean expressions, SOP, 15
POS, Simplifying logic circuits: algebraic method, K-mapping, Error detection:
Parity method, checksum method.

Digital Circuits:

Combinational Circuits: Half Adder, Full Adder, Decoder, Encoder, Multiplexer,

Demultiplexer and their applications. Sequential Circuits: Flip flops; SR, T, D and J-
2 K, Shift Register, Parallel and Serial data transfer, Timming Waveforms. Counters: 15
Synchronous and Asynchronous Up, Down, and Bidirectional Counters, Timing
Wave forms. Digital to Analog Converters and their properties, weighted resistor and
R-2R Ladder type, Analog to digital Converters: Flash, Successive approximation,
Sigma- Delta ADC.

Applications:

Memory: Read Only Memory (ROM): PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, Applications,

3 Programming a ROM, Random Access Memory(RAM): SRAM, DRAM, 15
Applications, Memory Storage cell, Read and Write operations, ProgrammableLogic
Devices (PLD) Digital Display, Seven segment display.

8085 Microprocessor:

Basics of Microprocessor-8085, PIN description, Microprocessor initiated

operations. Internal data operations. Introduction to 8085 assembly language
4 15
programming. 8085 instruction, Microprocessor Applications, Recent trends
in Microprocessor Technology.

Laboratory Assignments:
To construct logic gates OR, AND, NOT, NOR, NAND gates using discrete components and verify their
truth tables
To construct logic gates AND, NOT, EX-NOR and EX-OR using NAND gates and verify their truth tables.
To perform 4 bit DAC and ADC operations
To arrange a data set in ascending order using 8080 microprocessor.
Use the IC555 chip as astable, bistable and monostable multivibrator.
To study various operations of Arithmetic logic Unit (ALU).
To perform the addition and subtraction of n 8 bit numbers using 8085 microprocessor
To perform the multiplication and division of two 8 bit number using 8085 microprocessor
To write a program to arrange an array of data in ascending order using 8085 microprocessor
To design and construct multiplexer and demultiplexer and verify their truth tables.

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 To study the encoders and decoders
To perform BCD to Binary operation using 8085 microprocessor.

TEXT BOOKS

1. Malvino A.P. and Brown A., Digital Computer Electronics, Prentice-Hall, India, New Delhi,
3rd Edition, 1999.
2. Gaonkar R. S., Microprocessor Architecture, Programming and Applications, Prentice-Hall,
India,New Delhi, 2nd Edition, 2014.
3. Tocci R. J., Digital Systems-Principles and Applications, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi,
8th Edition, 2015.

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 Programming with Python
Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact
Version: subject: hours per
week: 3+1
Programming
Total
2022-24 with Python Hours:
3 0 2 4 III (2nd
Year) 60=45+15

Subject Code: Applicable to Evalu 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: ation CIE Marks
309 DCEC
3024 M.Sc. Physics (Total 70 Prerequisite of Course: Basic
Marks Marks knowledge of computer
TEE
: 100)

Course The objective of the course on Computational Methods is to familiarize the students
Description about various computational techniques by using Python.

Course  To train student in scientific language Python

Objectives  To make students comfortable with code writing techniques
 To apply numerical methods using Python language

After completion of this course, students will be able to learn about:

CO309D.1. Learn the basics of programming using Python as a scientific programming

Course
language.
Outcomes
CO309D.2. Understand the basics of input and output formatting and display techniques
along with graphical user interface
CO309D.3. Design algorithms for various numerical methods using Python and
CO309D.4. Solve selected problems using Python algorithms and programming.

COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours

of
Each
Unit

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 Basic of Python:

Computational modeling, python programming for a Physicist, structure of a

python program, running python program in console and in editor. constant and
1 variables, numbers-integers, long integer, floating point number, complex 15
number, sequences-string, list, tuples, dictionaries, operators – arithmetic
operators, relational operators.

Logical Statements:

logical operators, assignment operators, conditional operator. Control

2 statements if, if else, if-elif-else, while, for loop, nested if and nested for loops, 15
break and continue.

Functions in Python:

user made, library, inbuilt. Functions definition and declaration, passing

3 arguments, return values, default values and optional parameters. Importing 15
modules, File handling operation with files, opening and closing a file.
Formatting inputs and outputs, visualizing data, 2D, 3D, scatter graphs,
animating graphs, statistical analysis of data- mean, median, mode, variance.

Selected Problem using Python:

Optimization: designing an algorithm for accuracy, designing an algorithm for

4 speed, Errors in computation and Numerical stability , numerical integration, 15
differentiation. Curve fitting, least squares method principle, Fourier
Transform, symbolic computation, numerical computation.

TEXT BOOKS

2. 3. Patil P. B. &Verma U. P., Numerical Computational Methods, Revised Edition

(Reprint 2013), Narosa Publication.

4. Fangohr H., Introduction to Python for Computational Science and Engineering

(A beginner’s guide), (2015), Faculty of Engineering and the Environment,
University of Southampton.

5. Rajaraman V., Computer Oriented Numerical methods, 3rd Edition (2015), Prentice
Hall India Ltd.

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 Major Research Project
Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact
Version: subject: Hours per
Week:
Major Research
Project Total
2022-24
IV (2nd Hours:
0 0 16
Year)

Subject Code: Applicable to Evalu 120 Examination Duration:3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: ation CIE
401 DCEC
00016 M.Sc. Physics (Total 280 Prerequisite of Course: None
Marks
TEE
: 400) Marks

Course The dissertation topics will be based on special papers or elective papers and topics of
Description current interest. A departmental committee will distribute the topics according to the skill
and merit of the students.

Course  To make students familiar with approach to do literature survey

Objectives  To make student capable of independent thinking
 Students will learn basic techniques for carrying out research

After completion of this project, students will be able to learn about:

Course
Outcomes CO401.1. Basic of literature review
CO401.2. Techniques used for performing research
CO401.3. Analyze the results and tabulate them in a proper manner
CO401.4. How to write and dissertation, making presentation and viva etc.

Evaluation: The evaluation will be done by an external examiner. External examiner will award the
grades based on quality of research work done recorded in dissertation and presentation made by student.

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119 | P a g
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 ADVANCED NULEAR PHYSICS
Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact
Version: subject: Hours per
Advanced Week:
2022-24 Nuclear IV (2nd 3+1
Physics Year) Total
3 1 0 4 Hours:
60=45+15
Subject Code: Applicable to Evaluatio 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours
SBS PHY 01 Programs: n CIE Marks
401 DCEC 3104 M.Sc. Physics (Total 70 Prerequisite of Course:
Marks: TEE Marks Mathematical Physics and Nuclear
100) Physics
Course To impart knowledge about nuclear deformations, properties and nuclear models for
Description understanding of related reaction dynamics. Beside this students will be exposed to
heavy ion physics and nuclear astrophysics.
 Students will understand about the stability of nuclei away from the
drip line and deformed nuclei
Course  Students will know the different theoretical approaches to explain the
Objectives
structure of nuclei
 Student will understand the basics of heavy ion nuclear physics and
its correlation to Astrophysics
After competitions of this course, the students will be able to
Course CO401D.1. Know the basic properties of deformed shapes of nuclei
Outcomes CO401D.2. Understand the nuclear models to study the nuclear structure properties
CO401D.3. Understand the various aspects of heavy ion collisions nuclear astrophysics
CO401D.4. Understand the nuclear astrophysics and related applications.
COURSE SYLLABUS
Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of
Each Unit
Nuclear deformations:
Effect of quadrupole deformations and higher multipole deformations,
Nuclear moments, Nuclear orientation effect, static and dynamic
1 15
deformations, deformed magic shells and related nuclear aspects,
Importance of Exotic nuclear systems, halo shapes and bubble effect,
parametrization of nuclear surface.
Collective Model of Nucleus:
Collective motion, deformed shell model, Rotation of deformed nuclei,
Rotational band, Yrast level and back bending, Collective model
2 15
Hamiltonian, nuclear wave function for even-even nuclei and odd-A
nuclei, Rotation-vibrational coupling, Nilsson model, cranking shell
model, vibrational model, breathing modes, rotational model.
Heavy Ion Nuclear Reactions: Reaction mechanism, compound
nuclei and direct reactions, heavy ion reactions, fusion-fission
3 15
dynamics, Radioactive ion beams, Nuclear Molecules, Nuclear
Dynamics at Intermediate and high energies, Quantum Dynamics
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 Models, Statistical Models, Multi-fragmentation, Elliptical Flow,
Transverse Flow, Experimental Scenario, Relativistic heavy ion
collisions.
Nuclear Astrophysics:
Hot big bang cosmology, Primordial nucleosynthesis, Stellar
nucleosynthesis, energy production in stars, pp chain, CNO cycle,
4 production of elements, Origin of chemical elements, Neutron Star, 15
Chandershekhar limit, supernova,
Nuclear Applications: Recent trends in nuclear structure physics and
related important applications
TEXT BOOKS

1. Pal, M.K., Theory of Nuclear Structure, East-West Press Delhi, 1983.

2. Preston M. A. and Bhaduri R. K., Structure of Nucleus Addison-Wesley, 2000.
3. Roy R. R. and Nigam B. P. 9th Edition, Nuclear Physics, New Age International (p) Ltd,
Delhi, 2001
4. Lilley J.S., Nuclear physics principles and applications John Wiley & sons Ltd., 2007.
5. Krane K.S. Nuclear Physics, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., 2008.

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 PARTICLE PHYSICS
Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact
Version: subject: hours per
Particle week: 3+1
Physics
Total
2022-24 Hours:
3 1 0 4 IV (2nd
Year) 60=45+15

Subject Code: Applicable to Evaluatio 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: n Marks
402 DCEC 3104 CIE
M.Sc. Physics (Total
Marks: 70 Prerequisite of Course:
100) Marks Mathematical Physics and
TEE Quantum Mechanics, Nuclear
Physics

Course To impart the knowledge of fundamental particles, fundamental interaction and the
Description range and strength of these interactions with the concept of particle antiparticle or
matter antimatter.

 Students will understand the different type of particles and

Course interactions among them
Objectives  Students will be able to understand the conservation laws in particle
physics
 Students will get to know the production cross section for particles
 Students will understand the quark model.
After completion of this course, the students will be able to

CO402D.1. Need of standard model and its limitations and the properties of QCD.
Course
CO402D.2. Basic rules of Feynman diagrams and the quark model for hadrons
Outcomes
CO402D.3. Properties of neutrons and protons in terms of a simple quark model
CO402D.4. . Weak interaction between quarks and how that this is responsible for β
decay.
CO402D.5 Leptons and how the(electron) neutrinos and (electron) antineutrinos are
produced during β+ and β- decays respectively
COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of

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 Each Unit

Introduction: Fermions and bosons, Particles and antiparticles,

Quarks and leptons, Interactions and fields in particle physics,
1 15
Classical and quantum pictures, Yukawa picture, Types of interactions
- electromagnetic, weak, strong and gravitational, units.

Invariance Principles and Conservation Laws: Invariance in

classical mechanics and in quantum mechanics, Parity, Pion parity,
2 15
Charge conjugation, Positronium decay, Time reversal invariance,
CPT theorem.

Hadron-Hadron Interactions: Cross section and decay rates, Pion

spin, Isospin, Two-nucleon system, Pion-nucleon system, Strangeness
3 and Isospin, G-parity, Total and Elastic cross section, Particle 15
production at high energy.

Static Quark model of Hadrons: The Eightfold way, Meson nonet,

Baryon octet, Baryon Decuplet, hypothesis of quarks, SU (3)
symmetry, Quark spin and color, Quark-antiquark combinations.
4 Weak Interactions: Classification of weak interactions, Fermi theory, 15
Weinberg-Salam model, Parity non-conservation in -decay, Helicity
of neutrino, Experimental verification of parity violation, K- decay.

TEXT BOOKS

1. Perkins, D.H., Introduction to High Energy Physics, Cambridge University Press, 2000, 3rded.
2. Hughes, I.S., Elementary Particles, Cambridge University Press, 1991.
3. Close, F.E., Introduction to Quarks and Partons, Academic Press, 1979.
4. Segre, E., Nuclei and Particles, Benjamin-Cummings, 1977.
5. Khanna, M.P., Introduction to Particle Physics, Prentice-Hall of India, 2004.

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 Cosmology
Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact
Version: subject: Hours
Cosmology per
2022-24 IV(2nd Week: 4
Year) Total
3 1 0 4 Hours:
60=45+15
Subject Applicable to Evalu 30 Examination Duration: 3
Code: SBS Programs: ation CIE Marks hours
PHY 01 403 M.Sc. Physics (Total 70 Prerequisite: Introduction
DCEC 3104 Mark TEE Marks to Astronomy and
s: Astrophysics
100)
Course Cosmology is a branch of astronomy that involves the origin and evolution of
Description the universe, from the Big Bang to today and on into the future.

Course The aim of this course is to introduce the model of the universe on large scales
Objectives

On completion of the course, student would be able to

Course
CO403D.1 : Understand the concepts of STR and GTR
Outcomes CO403D.2 : Apply the concepts of GTR to cosmology
CO403D.3 : Understand the model of expanding universe
CO403D.4 : Explain the model of early universe and its thermal history.
COURSE SYLLABUS
Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each
Unit
Principles of Relativity:
Overview of Special Relativity - spacetime interval and
1 15
Lorentz metric- four vectors - Introduction to general
relativity (GR) - equivalence principle - notions of curvature
Gravitation as a manifestation of the curvature of
spacetime :
gravitational redshift and clock corrections - orbits in strong
2 15
gravity, light bending and gravitational lensing - concept of
horizon and ergosphere, hydrostatic equilibrium in GR -
gravitational radiation.
Cosmological Models:
Universe at large scales – Homogeneity and isotropy –
3 15
distance ladder –Newtonian cosmology - expansion and
redshift - Cosmological Principle - Hubble’s law -

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 Robertson-Walker metric - Observable quantities –
luminosity and angular diameter distances - Horizon distance-
Dynamics of Friedman- Robertson-Walker models:
Friedmann equations for
sources with p=wu and w =−1, 0, 1/3, discussion of closed,
open and flat Universes.
Physical Cosmology and Early Universe:
Thermal History of the Universe - distribution functions in the
early Universe – relativistic and nonrelativistic limits -
Decoupling of neutrinos and the relic neutrino background -
Nucleosynthesis - Decoupling of matter and radiation –
4 15
Cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB)-
Anisotropies in CMB - Inflation – Origin and growth of
Density Perturbations - Formation of galaxies and large scale
structures - Accelerating universe and type-Ia supernovae -
The Intergalactic medium and reionization.
Text Books
1. Cosmological Physics, Cambridge University Press, J . A. Peacock

2. An Introduction to Relativity, J. V. Narlikar, Cambridge University Press, 2010

3. Theoretical Astrophysics, Volume III: Galaxies and Cosmology,

T. Padmanabhan,Cambridge University Press, 2002 (for lectures on Cosmology)

4. Classical Theory of Fields, Vol. 2, L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, Oxford : Pergamon Press,
1994 (For more material on General Relativity).

5. Introduction to Cosmology, J. V. Narlikar, Cambridge University Press, 1993 (For the lectures
on Cosmology).

6. First course in general relativity, B. F. Schutz, Cambridge university press, 1985 (For material
on General Relativity).

7. Structure Formation in the Universe. T. Padmanabhan, Cambridge University Press,

1995 (for material on Cosmology and Structure formation).

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 FERROELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact

Version: subject: hours per
Ferroelectricity week: 3+1
and
Magnetism Total
2022-24 Hours:
3 1 0 4 IV (2nd
Year) 60=45+15

Subject Code: Applicable to Evaluatio 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: n CIE Marks
404 DCEC 3104
M.Sc. Physics (Total 70 Prerequisite of Course:
Marks: Marks Graduation Level Solid-State
TEE
100) Physics

Course This course is designed to convey the understanding about dielectric, ferroelectric, and
Description magnetic materials, which possess several breakthrough applications in actuators,
sensors, energy storage devices, data storage devices etc.

 To understand the fundamentals of dielectric, ferroelectric and magnetism

phenomenon in solids

 To make acquainted with several types of electric and magnetic materials and
Course
their exciting properties
Objectives
 To aware the students about industrial applications of ferroelectric and magnetic
materials

 To develop the positive and scientific attitudes and analytical thinking in the
students related to materials science

After competitions of this course, the students will be able to

Course CO404D.1. explain the dielectric phenomenon in crystals with their exciting
Outcomes properties

CO404D.2. interpret the theory of polarization and components of polarizability of

polar
Dielectrics

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 CO404D.3. learn the basics of ferroelectric and piezoelectric crystals

CO404D.4. understand the applications of ferroelectric and piezoelectric materials in

various electronic devices

CO404D.5. describe the diamagnetism and paramagnetism phenomenon in solids,

specifically the magnetic susceptibility behavior with temperature

CO404D.6. evaluate the paramagnetic susceptibility of iron group ions, rare earth
ions,and conduction electrons

CO404D.7. compare the general mechanism of ferro, ferri, and anti-ferro magnetic
materials

CO404D.8. recognize some new ferromagnetic materials which possess intriguing

applications in data storage devices

COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of

Each Unit

Theory of Dielectrics:

Introduction, The Microscopic Concept of Polarization, Langevin’s

Theory of Polarization in Polar Dielectrics, Internal-Field or Local
Field, Clausius-Mossotti Relation, Components of Polarizability:
1 15
Electronic Polarizability; Ionic Polarizability; Orientational
Polarizability; Total Polarizability, Measurement of Dielectric
Constant, Dielectric Losses, Optical Phenomena.

Ferroelectric Crystals:

Representative Crystal Types of Ferroelectrics: Properties of Rochelle

Salt and Barium Titanate, Ferroelectric Displacive Transitions, Landau
Theory of Phase Transition: Second-Order Transitions; First-Order
2 15
Transitions, Antiferroelectricity, Ferroelectric Domains,
Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction, Applications of Ferroelectric
Crystals.

Diamagnetism and Paramagnetism :

3 15
Langevin’s Theory of Diamagnetism, Quantum Theory of

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 Diamagnetism: Mononuclear Systems, Langevin’s Theory of
Paramagnetism, Quantum Theory of Paramagnetism: Rare Earth Ions;
Hund Rule; Iron Group Ions; Crystal Field Splitting, Van Vleck
Paramagnetism, Nuclear Paramagnetism, Cooling by Adiabatic
Demagnetization, Paramagnetic Susceptibility of Conduction
Electrons.

Ferromagnetism and Antiferromagnetism :

Ferromagnetic Order: Weiss Theory of Ferromagnetism; The

Exchange Interaction; The Heisenberg Model, Ferrimagnetic Order:
Curie Temperature and Susceptibility of Ferrimagnets,
4 Antiferromagnetic Order, Ferroelectric Domains: Anisotropy Energy; 15
The Bloch Wall; Origin of Domains; Coercivity and Hysteresis, Spin
Waves: Magnons in Ferromagnets; The Bloch T3/2 Law, Determination
of Magnetically Ordered Structures, Some New Magnetic Materials:
GMR-CMR Effects.

TEXT BOOKS

1. S. Blundell, Magnetism in Condensed Matter, Oxford, UK, 1st Edition, 2001.

2. M.E. Lines and A. M. Glass, Principles and Applications of Ferroelectrics and Related Materials, Oxford
University Press, UK, 2001.

3. M. A. Omar, Elementary Solid State Physics, Pearson, India, 1st Edition, 2002.

4. B. D. Culity and C. D. Grahim, Introduction to Magnetic Materials, Wiley, USA, 2nd Edition, 2008.

5. K. Uchino, Ferroelectric Devices, CRC Press publication, Taylor and Francis Group, 2nd Edition, 2010.

6. C. Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics, John Wiley and Sons, USA, 8th Edition, 2012.

7. M. P. Marder, Condensed Matter Physics, Wiley, USA, 2nd Edition, 2015.

129 | P a g
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 Advanced Carbon Materials

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact

Version: subject: hours per
week: 3+1
Advanced
Carbon Materials Total
2022-24 Hours:
3 1 0 4 I (1st Year)
60=45+15

Subject Code: Applicable to Evalu 30 Examination Duration: 3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: ation Marks
405 DCEC M.Sc. Physics CIE
3104 (Total
Marks 70 Prerequisite of Course: None
: 100) Marks
TEE

Course This course aims to introduce students to the advanced carbon material that includes
Description graphene, fullerenes, hierarchical carbon, and CNTs are referred to as strength of
revolution and advancement in the era of material science and technology. In general,
20th century corresponds to plastic meanwhile 21st century will be named as “Century of
Graphene” owing to its exceptional physical properties.

Course On completion of the course, student would be able:

Objective
 To understand various properties of Graphene, CNTs and Fullerenes

Course On completion of the course, student would be able:

Outcomes
CO405D.1. To understand the basic properties of carbon

CO405D.2.To understand the various properties and applications of graphene

CO405D.3.To understand the various properties and applications of CNT

CO405D.4.To understand the various properties and applications of fullerenes

COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each Unit

INTRODUCTION:
1 15
Carbon atomic structure and hybridization, carbon on the Earth and
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 in outer space, carbon in technology and economy, carbon isotopes:
classification of carbon allotropes, conversion of one allotropic
form into another, phase diagram of carbon, new carbon structures:
discovery of C60, Graphene and Nanotubes

GRAPHENE :

Structure of graphene; Preparation of graphene – synthesis of

graphene by various physical and chemical methods and
2 Purification; Electronic Properties – Band Structure of Graphene - 15
Mobility and Density of Carriers - Quantum Hall Effect –
Characterization of graphene: Raman Spectroscopy, Infrared
Spectroscopy, Absorption and Photoluminescence Spectroscopy,
Atomic Force Microscopy, Application of graphene

CARBON NANOTUBES:

The Structure of Carbon Nanotubes- Nomenclature, Structure of

Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Structure of Multiwalled
Carbon Nanotubes; Synthesis of CNT by various physical and
3 chemical methods and Purification, Characterization of Carbon 15
Nanotubes: Raman and Infrared Spectroscopy of CarbonNanotubes,
Absorption and Emission Spectroscopy of Carbon Nanotubes, ESR-
Spectroscopic Properties of Carbon Nanotubes.Application of CNTs

FULLERENES :

Structure and Bonding- Nomenclature, The Structure of C60,

Structure of Higher Fullerenes - Growth Mechanisms; Production
and Purification- Fullerene Preparation by Pyrolysis of
4 Hydrocarbons, Partial Combustion of Hydrocarbons, Arc Discharge 15
Methods, Production by Resistive Heating, Rational Syntheses;
Physical Properties-, Spectroscopic Properties, Thermodynamic
Properties; Chemical Properties- Hydrogenation and Halogenation,
Nucleophilic Addition to Fullerenes. Application of Fullerenes

TEXT BOOKS

1. M.S. Dresselhaus, G. Dresselhaus and P.C. Eklund, Science of Fullerenes and Carbon
Nanotubes, Elsevier, 1996.
2. Yury Gogotsi, Carbon Nanomaterials, Taylor and Francis, 2006.
3. Francois Leonard, The Physics of Carbon Nanotube Devices, Elsevier, 2008.
4. Anke Krueger, Carbon Materials and Nanotechnology, Wiley-VCH, 2010.
5. D.R. Askeland, P.P. Phule, W.J. Wright, The Science and Engineering of Materials, 6th ed.,

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 Cengage Learning, 2010.
6. Jamie H. Warner, Franziska Schäffel, Mark H. Rümmeli, Graphene: Fundamentals and
emergent applications, Elsevier, 2013.
7. T. Pradeep, NANO: The Essentials- Understanding Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, McGraw
Hill Education, 2017.
8. Deborah D L Chung, Carbon Materials: Science and Applications, World Scientific, 2019.

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 Experimental Techniques in Nuclear and Particle Physics

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact

Version: subject: hours per
week: 3+1
Experimental
Techniques in Total
2022-24 Nuclear and Hours:
3 1 0 4 IV (2nd
Particle Physics Year) 60=45+15

Subject Code: Applicable to Evalu 30 Examination Duration:3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: ation CIE Marks
406 DCEC M.Sc. Physics
3104 (Total 70 Prerequisite of Course: Basics of
Marks Marks Nuclear and Particle Physics
TEE
: 100)

Course This course is intended to familiarize the M.Sc. students to the experimental techniques
Description used in the fields of nuclear physics and particle physics. Various detection techniques
will be introduced followed by a description of on-detector and off-detector electronics.

 Get knowledge about various experimental techniques used in the fields of nuclear
Course physics and particle physics.
Objectives
 To get familiar with various detector systems and related electronics.

After completion of this course, students would be able to:

CO406D.1. Get knowledge about different types of radiations & their interaction with
Course matter.
Outcomes CO406D.2. Understand the radiation exposure and its effects on biological system.
CO406D.3. Learn about how to detect radiations.
CO406D.4. Get knowledge about the various electronic components of radiation
detectors and pulse signal processing.
CO406D.5. Understand Learn about different existing detector facilities all around the
world.

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 COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each

Unit

Radiation interactions:

Nuclear processes in radioactive sources: types of radiations &

1 radiation sources; Interaction of gamma-rays, electrons, heavy 15
charged particles, neutrons, neutrinos and other particles with
matter. Radiation protection, Biological effects of radiation,
radiation monitoring.

Detection of radiations:

General properties of Radiation detectors, energy resolution,

detection efficiency and dead time. Gas-filled detectors: Ionization
chamber, Proportional counters, position-sensitive proportional
2 15
counters, Multiwire proportional chambers, Drift chamber, Time
projection chamber. Scintillation detector, Phoswich detectors,
Cherenkov detector. Semiconductor detectors. Detection of fast and
slow neutrons - nuclear reactions for neutron detection. General
Background and detector shielding.

Detector electronics:

Electronics for pulse signal processing, CR-(RC)n and delay-line

pulse shaping, pole-zero cancellation, baseline shift andrestoration,
preamplifiers, overload recovery and pileup, Linear amplifiers,
3 single-channel analyser, analog-to-digital converters,multichannel 15
analyzer. Basic considerations in time measurements; Walk and
jitter, Time pickoff methods, time-to- amplitude converters,
Systems for fast timing, fast-slow coincidence, and particle
identification, NIM and CAMAC instrumentation standards and
data acquisition system.

Experimental Facilities:

Detector systems for heavy-ion reactions: Large neutron detector

array, gamma and charge particle detector arrays, electron
4 spectrometer, heavy-ion reaction analysers, nuclear lifetime 15
measurements (DSAM and RDM techniques), production of
radioactive ion beams. Detector systems for high energy
experiments: basics of Collider physics, Modern Hybrid
experiments- CMS and ALICE.

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 TEXT BOOKS

1. W.R. Leo, Techniques for Nuclear and Particle Physics Experiments, Springer,
Berlin Heidelberg, 2nd Edition, 1994.
2. Konrad Kleinknecht, Detectors for particle radiation, Cambridge University
Press, 1999.
3. Richard Fernow, Introduction to Experimental Particle Physics, Cambridge
University Press, 2001.
4. Glenn F. Knoll, Radiation Detection and Measurement, John Wiley & Sons, 4th
Edition, 2010.

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 Astronomy Laboratory
Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact
Version: subject: Hours
Astronomy per
2022-24 Laboratory IV(2nd Week: 4
Year) Total
0 0 8 4 Hours:
60=45+15
Subject Applicable to Evalu 30 Examination Duration: 3
Code: SBS Programs: ation CIE Marks Hours
PHY 01 407 M.Sc. Physics (Total 70 Prerequisite: Introduction
DCEC 0084 Mark TEE Marks to Astronomy and
s: Astrophysics
100)
Course This course shall be providing the tools and know-how to apply the principles of
Description astronomy first-hand.

Course The aim of this course to make students aware about different softwares (e.g.
Objectives stellarium etc.) available to simulate night sky and observe astronomical
phenomenon.

On completion of the course, student would be able to

CO407D.1 : become familiar with astronomical coordinate system

Course
Outcomes CO407D.2 : Study the spectrum of celestial objects

CO407D.3 : observe the distance of planets

CO407D.4 : observe the proper motion of stars

COURSE SYLLABUS
Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each
Unit
Getting to know :
Experiment 1 : To become familiar with night sky

1 Experiment 2: Becoming Familiar with Constellations 15

Experiment 3: Retrograde motion of Planets

Spectral Analysis :
2 Experiment 4: Study of solar spectrum 15

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 Experiment 5: Spectral classification of stars

Experiment 6: Extracting position of a star

Stellar Motions :
Experiment 7: Cepheid Variables

Experiment 8: To measure the Proper Motion of Barnard's

3 Star 15

Experiment 9: Circumpolar Star

Stellar Distances :

Experiment 10: Colour Magnitude Diagram

Experiment 11:Orbital Inclination

4 15
Experiment 12: Planetary Distances

Experiment 13: Distance to the Moon

References
1. http://www3.gettysburg.edu/~marschal/clea/Vireo.html
2. https://astro.unl.edu/vlabs/
3. http://va-iitk.vlabs.ac.in/
4. https://www.astro.indiana.edu/catyp/minilabs.html
5. https://depts.washington.edu/naivpl/content/welcome-virtual-planetary-laboratory

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 VACUUM SCIENCE AND THIN FILM TECHNOLOGY

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact

Version: Subject: hours
per
Vacuum Science week:
and Thin Film 3+1
2022-24 Technology 3 1 0 4 IV Total
(2ndYear) Hours:
60=45+15

Subject Code: Applicable to 30 Examination Duration: 3

Evaluation CIE
Programs: Marks hours
SBS PHY 01 (Total
408 DCEC 3104 M.Sc. Physics Marks): 100 70
TEE Pre-requisite of course:
Marks

Course The central objective of the course is to provide basic understanding of physics and
Description technology behind thin film growth. Possible applications demonstrating novel material
designs and case studies in technological areas of current interest will be discussed.

Course  Understand vacuum fundamentals essential to operating, maintaining, designing,

Objectives or using vacuum systems.
 Know the working principles and limitations of pumps, gauges, and other
vacuum system components.
 Learn the design concepts involved in matching equipment and instrumentation
to applications.

Course On completion of this course, student will learn:

Outcomes:
CO408.1 Understand the Kinetic Theory of Gases, mean free path and the physical
concepts behind the thin film depositions.

CO408.2 Understand the kinetic theory of nucleation, growth and diffusion phenomenon

CO408.3 Understand the basics of vacuum science and technology, Vacuum pumps and
gauges and use of various vacuum based techniques for development of thin film-based
materials, structures, and plasma devices and systems.

CO408.4 Familiarize with the physical concepts of lithography behind the solid-state
electronics devices design patterns.

CO408.5 Understand certain experimental techniques for characterization of thin films for
their structural, morphological, surface topology, electrical, mechanical and optical
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 properties.

CO408.6 Design protocols for thin film deposition, characterization and various
applications.

COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each Unit

1. The physics of gases and vacuum systems: 15

Gas kinetics, Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, molecular

impingement flux, Knudsen equation, mean free path,
transport properties, Evaporation: thermodynamics of
evaporation, evaporation rate, alloys, compounds, sources,
deposition monitoring techniques, Deposition: adsorption,
surface diffusion, nucleation, structure development,
interfaces, stress, adhesion.

2. Vacuum Science and deposition techniques: 15

Basics of vacuum science, creation of vacuum usingdifferent
pumps, vacuum gauges, vacuum leak detection, helium leak
detector, residual gas analyzer. Thermal evaporation and
electron beam evaporation system, idea of DC and R.F.
sputtering system, Methods of producing thin films using
Physical vapour deposition, Chemicals Vapour Deposition
and spray pyrolysis methods, Molecular Beam Epitaxy and
Laser Ablation methods for thin film deposition.

3. Lithography: 15

Importance of lithography, Basic steps of lithography,

Substrate preparation methods, Positive photoresist, Negative
photoresist, photoresist Processing, photoresist coating
methods, Resist Exposure (single, bi-layer and multi- level
photoresist exposure) and Resist Development, soft backing
and hard baking, Etching, Types of lithography,
Photolithography, Idea of electron beam lithography, Idea of
an X-ray lithography, Interference Lithography, Step Growth,
Nano imprint, Self-Assembly, Nano templates.

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 4. Thin Film Analysis and Applications: 15

Film analysis: structure-thickness, topography,

inhomogeneity, crystallography, bonding, point defects,
composition, optical, electrical and mechanical behavior of
thin films. Thin film technology applications: optical
windows, integrated circuits, micro-electro-optomechanical
systems and photovoltaics.

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Chopra, K.L., Thin Film Phenomena, Robert E. Krieger publishing, 1969.

2. Smith, D.L., Thin-Film Deposition: Principles and Practice, McGraw-Hill, 1995.
3. Hummel, R. E. and Guenther, K.H., Handbook of Optical Properties: Thin Films for Optical Coatings,
Volume 1, CRC Press, 1995.
4. Ohring, M., The Materials Science of Thin Films, 2nd Edition, Academic press, 2002.
5. Soriaga, M.P., Stickney, J., Bottomley, L.A., and Kim Y.G, Thin Films: Preparation, Characterization,
Applications, Springer Science 2011.

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 Minor Research Project

Scheme Name of the L T P C Semester: Contact

Version: subject: hours per
week: 3+1
Minor Project
Total
2022-24 Hours:
0 0 4 IV (2nd
Year) 60=45+15

Subject Code: Applicable to Evalu 00 Examination Duration:3 hours

SBS PHY 01 Programs: ation CIE
409 DCEC
00016 M.Sc. Physics (Total 100 Prerequisite of Course: None
Marks Marks
TEE
: 100)

Course The minor project topic will be decided on the basis of student skill and interest.
Description
On mentor will be allocated to student for discussion and direction.

Course  Student will have idea about the literature survey and how to write an
Objectives overview.

After completion of this project, students will be able to learn about:

Course CO409.1. Basic of literature review

Outcomes
CO409.2. Learn how to do research

CO409.3. How to write a report.

CO409.4. Present the work done in minor project.

Evaluation: The evaluation will be done by a Departmental committee constituted by Head of the
Department. Committee will award the grades based on quality of project work done and presentation
made by student.

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 INTRODUCTION TO HYDROGEN ENERGY SYSTEMS

Scheme Version: Name of the Subject: L T P C Semester: Contact

Introduction to hours per
2022-24 Hydrogen Energy week: 4
Systems 3 1 0 4 IV (2ndYear) Total
Hours:
60=45+15
Subject Code: Applicable to 30
SBS PHY 01 410 Programs: Evaluation CIE Examination Duration: 3 hours
Marks
DCEC 3104 M.Sc. Physics (Total
Marks): 100 70
TEE Pre-requisite of course: None
Marks
Course To introduce the concept of energy generation from Hydrogen as future fuel. To enlighten the
Description knowledge of production, storage and transportation.
Course This course aim is to give insight of hydrogen production, storage and their application, as a
Objectives future source of energy.
Course On completion of this course, student will learn:
Outcomes:
CO410.1 The Course will create awareness among students about Non-Conventional sources of
energy technologies and provide adequate inputs on a variety of issues.
CO410.2 There is very good scope for saving energy, by using it judiciously. During these days
of saving the environment, energy conservation plays a vital role. The government of India has
passed Energy Conservation Act-2003 and Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC-2007), in
this regard. By observing energy efficient measures there is tremendous scope of saving energy in
industry, built environment, transport etc.
CO410.3 To teach fundamentals of hydrogen energy as energy systems, production processes,
separation and utilization that is necessary for taking some important elective subjects as well as to
increase the potential for job opportunities in automotive industries and hydrogen production & its
infrastructure development related sectors as about 40% energy is being consumed by automotive
sectors.
CO410.4 This course has objectives to elaborate PG students regarding current trends in hydrogen
energy architecture and following key concepts such as hydrogen storage and hydrogen sensing.
CO410.5. To Provide adequate inputs on a variety of issues relating to safety guidelines, codes
and standards in hydrogen energy systems.
COURSE SYLLABUS

Unit No. Content of Each Unit Hours of Each Unit

5. Hydrogen energy pathways:[Course Outcome (s): CO410.1 & 15
CO410.2]
Hydrogen Energy Pathways- Properties of hydrogen, Global and
Indian hydrogen energy scenario, need for hydrogen, current uses,
environmentally sustainable hydrogen, hydrogen as part of Climate
Neutral Strategy. Hydrogen for mobility applications & vehicles,
Overview of Hydrogen utilization: I.C. Engines, gas turbines,
hydrogen burners, power plant, refineries, domestic and marine
applications.

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 6. Hydrogen production and separation: [Course Outcome (s): 15
CO410.3]
Hydrogen Production-Production of hydrogen from
hydrocarbons-oxidative and nonoxidative processes, coal.
Hydrogen production using nuclear energy and renewables- wind,
biomass, solar.
Hydrogen separation and purification-Pressure swing
adsorption, Solvent based absorption, membrane separation,
cryogenic separation etc.
7. Hydrogen storage: [Course Outcome (s): CO410.4] 15
Hydrogen Storage -Types of hydrogen storage (Gaseous, Liquid,
Solid hosts), Gibbs Phase Rule, Pressure-Composition-
Temperature plots; Van’t Hoff plots for absorption desorption
enthalpies, Gravimetric capacities, Hysteresis in cycling, Joule-
Thomson Effect, Non-ideal treatment of hydrogen gas Kinetics:
Hydrogen absorption/desorption phenomena (chemisorption,
nucleation and growth and diffusion), Kinetic models, Kissinger
analysis for activation energy estimation, Hydrogen adsorption
isotherms-BET, design and applications of storage systems,
materials for hydrogen storage, Hydrogen storage for automobiles.
8. Hydrogen sensing and safety: [Course Outcome (s): CO410.4& 15
CO410.5]
Hydrogen sensing-Traditional methods of hydrogen sensing using
thermal conductivity measurements or Gas Chromatography, Mass
Spectroscopy or laser gas analysis; Solid state sensors- their
working principle and applications at industrial scale.
Hydrogen Safety-Physiological, physical and chemical hazards,
hydrogen properties associated with hazards, Hazard spotting,
evaluation and safety guidelines, Hydrogen safety codes and
standards. Hydrogen safety barrier diagram, risk analysis, safety in
handling and refueling station, safety in vehicular and stationary
applications, fire detecting system, safety management.
REFERENCE BOOKS
7. F. Peter, Fuels and Fuel Technology, A.Wheatan & Co. Ltd., 1st edition, 1965.
8. JOM Bockris, Energy options: Real Economics and the Solar Hydrogen System, Halsted Press and London
publisher, 1980.
9. S. Sarkar, Fuels and Combustion, Orient Longman, 2nd edition, 1990.
10. J Twidell and T Weir, Renewable Energy Resources, Taylor and Francis (Ed), New York, USA, 2006.
11. J. G. Speight, The chemisty & Technology of Petroleum, 4th edition, CRC Press, 2006.
12. M. Ball and M. Wietschel, The Hydrogen Economy Opportunities and Challenges, Cambridge University
Press, 2009.
13. J.G. Speight and B. Ozum, Petroleum Refining Process, CRC Press, 2009.
14. W. Lyons, Working Guide to Petroleum and Natural Gas Production Engineering, Elsevier Inc, 2009.
15. Ke Liu, C. Song and V. Subramani, Hydrogen and Syngas Production and Purification Technologies, John
Wiley & Sons, 2010.
16. M.K.G. Babu, K.A. Subramanian, Alternative Transportation Fuels: Utilization in Combustion Engines, CRC
Press, 2013.
17. J. G. Speight, The Chemistry and Technology of Coal, CRC Press, 2013.

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9. TEACHING-LEARNING PROCESS
• Lectures
• Discussions
• Simulations
• Role Playing
• Participative Learning
• Interactive Sessions
• Seminars
• Research-based Learning/Dissertation or Project Work
• Technology-embedded Learning

10. IMPLEMENTATION OF BLENDED

LEARNING
Blended Learning is a pedagogical approach that combines face to-face classroom methods with
computer-mediated activities in the process of teaching and learning. It implies nice blend of face-
to-face and online activities to make the learning processes more interesting and engaging. It
focuses on integration of traditional classroom activities and innovative ICT-enabled strategies. It
emphasises student-centric learning environment where the teacher is the facilitator for productive
and measurable learning outcomes. It optimises and compliments the face to face learning, giving
ample freedom and flexibility to the students and teachers to access and explore the wide range of
open-access sources such as video lectures, podcasts, recordings and articles through digital
platforms. It gives freedom and autonomy to the teachers in selection of appropriate digital
platforms, resources and time-slots to complement and supplement face to face learning. The
Blended Learning doesn’t undermine the role of the teacher, rather it gives him/her an opportunity
to explore the unexplored in accordance with the requirements of the curriculum.
Key features of Blended Learning
• Student-Centric Pedagogical Approach focusing on flexibility in timing, quality
content, needs and interests of students and freedom to study through the mode of
his/her choice;
• Freedom to Select variety of mediums and techniques;
• Increased student engagement in learning;
• Enhanced teacher and student interaction;
• Improved student learning outcomes;
• More flexible teaching and learning environment;
• More responsive for self and continuous learning;
• Better opportunities for experiential learning;
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 • Increased learning skills;
• Greater access to information, improved satisfaction and learning outcomes.
Note: Resolution no (c) as per minutes circulated by VC office: It was resolved that Blended
Learning with 40% component of online teaching and 60% face to face classes for each
programme, be adopted.

11. ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION

• Continuous Comprehensive Evaluation at regular after achievement of each Course-level
learning outcome
• Formative Assessment on the basis of activities of a learner throughout the programme
instead of one-time assessment
• Oral Examinations to test presentation and communication skills
• Open Book Examination for better understanding and application of the knowledge
acquired
• Group Examinations on Problem solving exercises
• Seminar Presentations
• Review of Literature
• Collaborative Assignments

12. KEYWORDS
• LOCF
• NEP-2020
• Blended Learning
• Face to face (F to F) Learning
• Programme Outcomes
• Programme Specific Outcomes
• Course-level Learning Outcomes
• Postgraduate Attributes
• Learning Outcome Index
• Formative Assessment and Evaluation
• Comprehensive and Continuous Evaluation

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13. REFERENCES
• National Education Policy-2020.
https://www.education.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/NEP_Final_English_0.pdf
• The draft subject specific LOCF templates available on UGC website.
https://www.ugc.ac.in/ugc_notices.aspx?id=MjY5OQ==
• Draft Blended Mode of Teaching and Learning: Concept Note available on UGC website.
https://www.ugc.ac.in/pdfnews/6100340_Concept-Note-Blended-Mode-of-Teaching-
and-Learning.pdf

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